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Regulatory elements that responds to other signals are known; examples include photomodulated conductances as well as "thermal switches" constructed by isomerization of the carbamate group. To date, no mechanosensitive synthetic ion channels have been reported. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many biologically active molecules are chiral, including the naturally occurring amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and sugars.
The origin of this homochirality in biology is the subject of much debate. Most scientists believe that Earth life's "choice" of chirality was purely random, and that if carbon-base... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Coprostanol and its derivative epicoprostanol are used in archaeological and paleoenvironmental studies as indicators of past human activity due to their longevity in soils and strong association with production in the human gut. Researchers have used the presence of coprostanol to identify archaeological features such... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The coenzyme is a substrate for coenzyme F hydrogenase, 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin reductase and methylenetetrahydromethanopterin dehydrogenase.
A long list of other enzymes use F to oxidize (dehydrogenate) or F-H to reduce substrates. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A sudden closure involves the rapid sealing of a tidal inlet or breach in a dike. This is typically prepared in such a manner that the gap can be entirely closed in one swift action during slack tide. The use of caissons or sluice caissons is common, though other unique methods, such as sandbags or ships, have also bee... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Plane-wave topography can be made to extract an additional wealth of information from a sample by recording not just one image, but an entire sequence of topographs all along the sample's rocking curve. By following the diffracted intensity in one pixel across the entire sequence of images, local rocking curves from ve... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In physical and analytical chemistry, colorimetry or colourimetry is a technique used to determine the concentration of colored compounds in solution.
A colorimeter is a device used to test the magnitude of a solution by measuring its absorbance of a specific wavelength of light (not to be confused with the tristimulus... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A traditional version of the second law of thermodynamics states: Heat does not spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body.
The second law refers to a system of matter and radiation, initially with inhomogeneities in temperature, pressure, chemical potential, and other intensive properties, that are due to ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
[https://web.archive.org/web/20110720035915/http://metpetdb.rpi.edu/ MetPetDB] was built for the purpose of archiving published data and for storing new data for ready access to researchers and students in the petrologic community. This database facilitates the gathering of information for researchers beginning new pro... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Inorganic arsenic and its compounds, upon entering the food chain, are progressively metabolised (detoxified) through a process of methylation. The methylation occurs through alternating reductive and oxidative methylation reactions, that is, reduction of pentavalent to trivalent arsenic followed by addition of a methy... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Cori cycle (also known as the lactic acid cycle), named after its discoverers, Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerty Cori, is a metabolic pathway in which lactate, produced by anaerobic glycolysis in muscles, is transported to the liver and converted to glucose, which then returns to the muscles and is cyclically metaboliz... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The piezoelectrochemical transducer effect (PECT) is a coupling between the electrochemical potential and the mechanical strain in ion-insertion-based electrode materials. It is similar to the piezoelectric effect – with both exhibiting a voltage-strain coupling - although the PECT effect relies on movement of ions wit... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In a study of 5000 oxides, only 13% of them satisfy all of the last 4 rules, indicating limited universality of Pauling's rules. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Saturated absorption spectroscopy measures the transition frequency of an atom or molecule between its ground state and an excited state. In saturated absorption spectroscopy, two counter-propagating, overlapped laser beams are sent through a sample of atomic gas. One of the beams stimulates photon emission in excited ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Société Française de Génie des Procédés (French Society of Process Engineers) or SFGP is a French organization for chemical engineers. It is a member of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering and acts as joint Secretariat, and of la Fédération Française pour les sciences de la Chimie (FFC). It publishes ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Flow rates through an orifice plate can be calculated without specifically calibrating the individual flowmeter so long as the construction and installation of the device complies with the stipulations of the relevant standard or handbook. The calculation takes account of the fluid and fluid conditions, the pipe size, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Plasma ignition in the definition of Townsend (Townsend discharge) is a self-sustaining discharge, independent of an external source of free electrons. This means that electrons from the cathode can reach the anode in the distance and ionize at least one atom on their way. So according to the definition of this relat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Vixotrigine (, ), formerly known as raxatrigine (, ), is an analgesic which is under development by Convergence Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy (sciatica) and trigeminal neuralgia (TGN). Vixotrigine was originally claimed to be a selective central Na1.3 blocker, but was subsequently redef... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In thermodynamics, the triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. It is that temperature and pressure at which the sublimation, fusion, and vaporisation curves meet. For example, the triple point ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Another family of carbonyl-based PPGs exists that is structurally like the phenacyl motif, but which reacts through a separate mechanism. As the name suggests, these PPGs react through abstraction of the carbonyl's γ-hydrogen. The compound is then able to undergo a photoenolization, which is mechanistically like a keto... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sitagliptin (Januvia) has a novel structure with β-amino amide derivatives (Figure 7). Since sitagliptin has shown excellent selectivity and in vivo efficacy it urged researchers to inspect the new structure of DPP-4 inhibitors with appended β-amino acid moiety. Further studies are being developed to optimize these com... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Transition state theory explains the reaction dynamics of reactions. The theory is based on the idea that there is an equilibrium between the activated complex and reactant molecules. The theory incorporates concepts from collision theory, which states that for a reaction to occur, reacting molecules must collide with ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In retirement, the Corbetts lived in Tauranga. Enid Corbett died there in 2012, and Ted Corbett died on 3 February 2018, also in Tauranga. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
For catalytic hydroboration, pinacolborane and catecholborane are widely used. They also exhibit higher reactivity toward alkynes. Pinacolborane is also widely used in a catalyst-free hydroborations. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The most common adverse effects of levetiracetam treatment include CNS effects such as somnolence, decreased energy, headache, dizziness, mood swings and coordination difficulties. These adverse effects are most pronounced in the first month of therapy. About 4% of patients dropped out of pre-approval clinical trials d... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
To begin, proteins of interest are prepared for the SDS-PAGE technique and subsequently loaded onto the gel for separation on the basis of molecular size. Large proteins will have difficulty navigating through the mesh-like structure of the gel as they can not fit through the pores with the ease that smaller proteins c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Organic photochemistry encompasses organic reactions that are induced by the action of light. The absorption of ultraviolet light by organic molecules often leads to reactions. In the earliest days, sunlight was employed, while in more modern times ultraviolet lamps are employed. Organic photochemistry has proven to be... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It has been shown that ATM phosphorylates KAP1 upon the discovery of damaged or broken DNA. Phosphorylated KAP1, along with many other DNA damage proteins, rapidly migrate to the site of the DNA damage. Its exact involvement in this pathway is somewhat unclear, but it has been implicated in triggering cell arrest, al... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
To identify diverse post-transcriptional modifications of RNA molecules and determine the transcriptome-wide landscape of RNA modifications by means of next generation RNA sequencing, recently many studies have developed conventional or specialised sequencing methods. Examples of specialised methods are MeRIP-seq, m6A-... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system
* Flavin-containing monooxygenase system
* Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase
* Monoamine oxidase
* Co-oxidation by peroxidases | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 2002, Schadler and Garde produced a seven-minute pilot show for the local planetarium called “Molecularium” for the Digistar II Planetarium system. It introduces children to the concepts of atoms and molecules from small molecules like water to larger molecules like polymers. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Myogenin, is a transcriptional activator encoded by the MYOG gene.
Myogenin is a muscle-specific basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor involved in the coordination of skeletal muscle development or myogenesis and repair. Myogenin is a member of the MyoD family of transcription factors, which also includes... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
One statement of the so-called zeroth law of thermodynamics is directly focused on the idea of conduction of heat. Bailyn (1994) writes that "the zeroth law may be stated: All diathermal walls are equivalent".
A diathermal wall is a physical connection between two bodies that allows the passage of heat between them. Ba... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Immediately after his Ph.D, in 1980, René Roy joined the National Research Council (NRC) in Ottawa where he worked as researcher in the Institute for Biological Sciences. Then, in 1985, he began his career as professor in the department of chemistry of the University of Ottawa where he served until December 2002. In pa... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, the wave method (WM), or wave characteristic method (WCM), is a model describing unsteady flow of fluids in conduits (pipes). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Saltatory conduction in myelinated axons requires organization of the nodes of Ranvier, whereas voltage-gated sodium channels are highly populated. Studies show that αII-Spectrin, a component of the cytoskeleton is enriched at the nodes and paranodes at early stages and as the nodes mature, the expression of this mole... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Extrapolating site or depth specific measurements to the entire lake can be problematic as there can be significant metabolic variability both vertically and horizontally within a lake (see variability section). For example, many lake metabolism studies only have a single epilimnetic estimate of metabolism, however, th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The strength of the electronic coupling of the donor and acceptor decides whether the electron transfer reaction is adiabatic or non-adiabatic. In the non-adiabatic case the coupling is weak, i.e. H in Fig. 3 is small compared to the reorganization energy and donor and acceptor retain their identity. The system has a ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Scientists and engineers are able to use liquid crystals in a variety of applications because external perturbation can cause significant changes in the macroscopic properties of the liquid crystal system. Both electric and magnetic fields can be used to induce these changes. The magnitude of the fields, as well as the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle, mostly spent fuel rods, contains fission products that emit beta and gamma radiation, and actinides that emit alpha particles, such as uranium-234 (half-life 245 thousand years), neptunium-237 (2.144 million years), plutonium-238 (87.7 years) and americium-241 (432 years), and ev... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Charge recombination reactions of PSII cause the production of triplet P and, as a consequence, singlet oxygen. Charge recombination is more probable under dim light than under higher light intensities. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
“Synthesize a multi-component mixture of compounds in a single process and screen it also a single process”. This is the principle of combinatorial chemistry invented by Prof. Furka Á. (Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary) in 1982, and described it including the method of synthesis of combinatorial libraries and ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A metallodendrimer is a type of dendrimer with incorporated metal atoms. The development of this type of material is actively pursued in academia. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Rescue fusion hybridization is a process used to manufacture some therapeutic cancer vaccines in which individual tumor cells obtained through biopsy are fused with an antibody-secreting cell to form a heterohybridoma. This cell then secretes the unique idiotype, or immunoglobulin antigen characteristic of the individu... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Initially, pyruvate and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP or vitamin B) are bound by pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits. The thiazolium ring of TPP is in a zwitterionic form, and the anionic C2 carbon performs a nucleophilic attack on the C2 (ketone) carbonyl of pyruvate. The resulting hemithioacetal undergoes decarboxylation t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although the terms direct and indirect bilirubin are used equivalently with conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin, this is not quantitatively correct, because the direct fraction includes both conjugated bilirubin and δ bilirubin.
Delta bilirubin is albumin-bound conjugated bilirubin. In the other words, delta bilirubi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules (often abbreviated as the CIP system) were first published in 1966; allowing enantiomers to be more easily and accurately described.
The same year saw first successful enantiomeric separation by gas chromatography an important development as the technology was in common use at the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Both methods of PG cooling surpass the Doppler limit and instead are limited by the one-photon recoil limit:
Where M is the atomic mass.
For a given detuning and Rabi frequency , dependent on the light intensity, both configurations display a similar scaling at low intensity () and large detuning ():
Where is a dimen... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An upper limit on of 4 is usually quoted, corresponding to the precision of the measurements, but it also depends on how intense the effect is. Spectra of contributing species should be clearly distinct from each other | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
James Murray worked at the University of Otago in Dunedin as a senior lecturer in chemistry.
Murray began research with lichens in the 1950s, applying his knowledge and skills in plant secondary compounds as well as morphology. This was the first systematic work on the lichens of New Zealand since the 1890s. He revise... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Eutectic NaK (NaK-77, an alloy of 77% potassium and 23% sodium by mass) can be used as a hydraulic fluid in high-temperature and high-radiation environments, for temperature ranges of . Its bulk modulus at is 2.14 GPa, higher than of a hydraulic oil at room temperature. Its lubricity is poor, so positive-displacement ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*[http://tomcat.cs.rhul.ac.uk/home/mxba001/ Web-based Structural Analysis tool for any uploaded PDB file, producing Ramachandran plots, computing dihedral angles and extracting sequence from PDB]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090726062008/http://www.fos.su.se/~pdbdna/input_Raman.html Web-based tool showing Ramachandr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The friction loss in uniform, straight sections of pipe, known as "major loss", is caused by the effects of viscosity, the movement of fluid molecules against each other or against the (possibly rough) wall of the pipe. Here, it is greatly affected by whether the flow is laminar (Re < 2000) or turbulent (Re > 4000):
* ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Joback method is a group-contribution method. These kinds of methods use basic structural information of a chemical molecule, like a list of simple functional groups, add parameters to these functional groups, and calculate thermophysical and transport properties as a function of the sum of group parameters.
Jobac... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Combinatorial split-mix (split and pool) synthesis is based on the solid-phase synthesis developed by Merrifield. If a combinatorial peptide library is synthesized using 20 amino acids (or other kinds of building blocks) the bead form solid support is divided into 20 equal portions. This is followed by coupling a diff... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
User submission to the database is encouraged. To contribute to the database, one must submit: contact info, PubMed identifier and the two molecules that interact. The person who submits a record is the owner of it. All records are validated before being made public and BIND is curated for quality assurance. BIND curat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The volumetric titration is based on the same principles as the coulometric titration, except that the anode solution above now is used as the titrant solution. The titrant consists of an alcohol (ROH), base (B), and a known concentration of . Pyridine has been used as the base in this case.
One mole of is consumed f... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In nuclear physics, a nuclear chain reaction occurs when one single nuclear reaction causes an average of one or more subsequent nuclear reactions, thus leading to the possibility of a self-propagating series or "positive feedback loop" of these reactions. The specific nuclear reaction may be the fission of heavy isoto... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Radiofrequency (RF) induced evaporative cooling is the most common method for evaporatively cooling atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). Consider trapped atoms laser cooled on a |F=0 |F=1 transition. The magnetic sublevels of the |F=1 state (|m= -1,0,1) are degenerate for zero external field. The confining magnetic ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Calcination is thermal decomposition of a material. Examples include decomposition of hydrates such as ferric hydroxide to ferric oxide and water vapor, the decomposition of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as well as iron carbonate to iron oxide:
:CaCO → CaO + CO
Calcination processes are ca... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Iodic acid is a relatively strong acid with a pK of 0.75. It is strongly oxidizing in acidic solution, less so in basic solution. When iodic acid acts as oxidizer, then the product of the reaction is either iodine, or iodide ion. Under some special conditions (very low pH and high concentration of chloride ions, such a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The above-ground nuclear tests that occurred in several countries between 1955 and 1980 (see nuclear test list) dramatically increased the amount of carbon-14 in the atmosphere and subsequently in the biosphere; after the tests ended, the atmospheric concentration of the isotope began to decrease, as radioactive was f... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The precipitation of calcium carbonate is important as it results in a loss of alkalinity as well as a release of CO (Equation 4), and therefore a change in the rate of preservation of calcium carbonate can alter the partial pressure of CO in Earths atmosphere. CaCO is supersatured in the great majority of ocean surfac... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gemperline came to the notice of a larger scientific community in 1984 with the publication of a paper describing DISNET in the Journal of Automated Methods and Management in Chemistry. (The journal title was changed to Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry in 2013.) Gemperline and his colleagues provided methodol... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The DrugWipe is a test used to wipe surfaces for traces of drug residue. It may also be used for sweat or saliva testing of individuals. DrugWipe was named a finalist in the 2011 Cygnus Law Enforcement Group Innovation Awards competition. The DrugWipe 6s (saliva only) test was entered under the category of Traffic Enfo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cation exchange sorbents are derivatized with functional groups that interact and retain positively charged cations, such as bases. Strong cation exchange sorbents contain aliphatic sulfonic acid groups that are always negatively charged in aqueous solution, and weak cation exchange sorbents contain aliphatic carboxyli... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Incongruent melting occurs when a solid substance being partially melted does not melt uniformly, so that the chemical composition of neither the resulting liquid nor the resulting solid is the same as that of the original solid. For example, melting of orthoclase (KAlSiO) produces leucite (KAlSiO) in addition to a mel... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The presence of color in water does not necessarily indicate that the water is not drinkable. Water with high water clarity is generally more cyan in color due to low concentrations of particles and/or dissolved substances. Color-causing particulate substances can be easily removed by filtration. Color-causing dissolve... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, dynamic pressure (denoted by or and sometimes called velocity pressure) is the quantity defined by:
where (in SI units):
* is the dynamic pressure in pascals (i.e., kg/(m*s),
* (Greek letter rho) is the fluid mass density (e.g. in kg/m), and
* is the flow speed in m/s.
It can be thought of as the f... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*Yao, B., Kuznetsov, V. L., Xiao, T., Jie, X., Gonzalez-Cortes, S., Dilworth, J. R., Al-Megren, H.A., Alshihri, S.M. & Edwards, P. P. (2020). Fuels, power and chemical periodicity. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A., 378(2180), 20190308. doi:10.1098/rsta.2019.0308.
*Yao, B., Kuznetsov, V. L., Xiao, T., Slocombe, D. R., Rao, C. N.... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
acid is a monocarboxylic β-hydroxy acid and natural product with the molecular formula . At room temperature, pure acid occurs as a transparent, colorless to light yellow liquid which is soluble in water. acid is a weak acid with a pK of 4.4. Its refractive index () is 1.42. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Due to anabaseine’s fairly non-specific binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, the molecule was largely discarded as a useful tool in research or medicine. However, anabaseine derivatives have been identified with a more selective α7 binding profile. One such derivative (GTS-21, 3-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-anab... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Here is a list of radioisotopes formed by the action of cosmic rays on the atmosphere; the list also contains the production mode of the isotope. These data were obtained from the SCOPE50 report, see table 1.9 of chapter 1. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Growing understanding of small RNA gene-silencing mechanisms involving dsRNA-mediated sequence-specific mRNA degradation has directly impacted the fields of functional genomics, biomedicine, and experimental biology. The following section describes various applications involving the effects of RNA silencing. These incl... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Tissue clearing has been applied to the nervous system, bones (including teeth), skeletal muscles, hearts and vasculature, gastrointestinal organs, urogenital organs, skin, lymph nodes, mammary glands, lungs, eyes, tumors, and adipose tissues. Whole-body clearing is less common, but has been done in smaller animals, in... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It is important to be able to predict the onset of gelation, since it is an irreversible process that dramatically changes the properties of the system. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
15-Crown-5 can be synthesized using a modified Williamson ether synthesis:
:(CHOCHCHCl) + O(CHCHOH) + 2 NaOH → (CHCHO) + 2 NaCl + 2 HO
It also forms from the cyclic oligomerization of ethylene oxide in the presence of gaseous boron trifluoride. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are at least three other possible resolutions to the Kauzmann paradox. It could be that the heat capacity of the supercooled liquid near the Kauzmann temperature smoothly decreases to a smaller value. It could also be that a first order phase transition to another liquid state occurs before the Kauzmann temperatu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A lift-producing airfoil either has camber or operates at a positive angle of attack, the angle between the chord line and the fluid flow far upstream of the airfoil. Moreover, the airfoil must have a sharp trailing edge.
Any real fluid is viscous, which implies that the fluid velocity vanishes on the airfoil. Prandtl ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Enteric fermentation occurs in the gut of some animals, especially ruminants. In the rumen, anaerobic organisms, including methanogens, digest cellulose into forms nutritious to the animal. Without these microorganisms, animals such as cattle would not be able to consume grasses. The useful products of methanogenesis ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
After synthesising the potassium salt of the phosphaethynolate anion in 2013, Goicoechea et al. began to look into the potential of PCO towards cycloadditions. They found that the anion could react in a [2+2] fashion with a diphenyl ketene to produce the first isolatable example of a four-membered monoanionic phosphoru... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The development of stable red color in the surface of the medium indicates sufficient acid production to lower the pH to 4.4 and constitute a positive test. Since other organism may produce lesser quantities of acid from the test substrate, an intermediate orange color between yellow and red may develop. This does not ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The IL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride has been investigated for the recovery of uranium and other metals from spent nuclear fuel and other sources. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A 12" x 12" x 0.6" thick 316L steel CMF panel with a weight of 3.545 kg was tested in a torch-fire test. In this test, the panel was exposed to over 1204 °C temperatures for 30 minutes. Upon reaching the 30 minutes' time of exposure, the maximum temperature on the unexposed surface of the steel was 400 °C (752 °F) at t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ambergris is formed from a secretion of the bile duct in the intestines of the sperm whale, and can be found floating on the sea or washed up on coastlines. It is sometimes found in the abdomens of dead sperm whales. Because the beaks of giant squids have been discovered within lumps of ambergris, scientists have theor... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
As a fertile material thorium is similar to , the major part of natural and depleted uranium. The thermal neutron absorption cross section (σ) and resonance integral (average of neutron cross sections over intermediate neutron energies) for are about three and one third times those of the respective values for . | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
MFGM lipid components such as sphingolipids are involved in the intestinal uptake of cholesterol. Studies in adult rodents have shown that milk sphingomyelin could lower the intestinal absorption of cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. Intestinal cholesterol absorption in adult rodents consuming a high fat diet was ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Jacob Nissim Israelachvili, (19 August 1944 – 20 September 2018) was an Israeli physicist who was a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*Anthroposophy
*Astrology
*Ayurveda
*Homeopathy
*Kayaku-Jutsu
*Magic, magick
*Moxibustion
*Tay al-Ard
*Yoga Nidra | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A single-molecule experiment is an experiment that investigates the properties of individual molecules. Single-molecule studies may be contrasted with measurements on an ensemble or bulk collection of molecules, where the individual behavior of molecules cannot be distinguished, and only average characteristics can be... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the 1660s English physician Thomas Sydenham (1624–1689) popularized a proprietary opium tincture that he also named laudanum, although it differed substantially from the laudanum of Paracelsus. In 1676 Sydenham published a seminal work, Medical Observations Concerning the History and Cure of Acute Diseases, in which... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The company Pyrosequencing AB in Uppsala, Sweden was founded with venture capital provided by HealthCap in order to commercialize machinery and reagents for sequencing short stretches of DNA using the pyrosequencing technique. Pyrosequencing AB was listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange in 1999. It was renamed to Biota... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Allyl boronic esters engage in electrophilic allyl shifts very much like silicon pendant in the Sakurai reaction. In one study a diallylation reagent combines both: | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The absorbance of a material, denoted , is given by
where
* is the radiant flux by that material,
* is the radiant flux by that material, and
* is the transmittance of that material.
Absorbance is a dimensionless quantity. Nevertheless, the absorbance unit or AU is commonly used in ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Secondary (indirect) immunofluorescence (SIF) is similar to direct immunofluorescence, however the technique utilizes two types of antibodies whereas only one of them have a conjugated fluorophore. The antibody with the conjugated fluorophore is referred to as the secondary antibody, while the unconjugated is referred ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
BAC contigs are constructed by aligning BAC regions of known overlap via a variety of methods. One common strategy is to use sequence-tagged site (STS) content mapping to detect unique DNA sites in common between BACs. The degree of overlap is roughly estimated by the number of STS markers in common between two clones... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Since EPIC-seq contains certain computational parts after the wet-lab portion for further processing, the following steps are summarized based on the developers' steps provided in the original paper. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The first human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) case was reported in the United States in the early 1980s. Many drugs have been discovered to treat the disease but mutations in the virus and resistance to the drugs make development difficult. Integrase is a viral enzyme that integrates retroviral DNA into the host cell ge... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The coliform index is a rating of the purity of water based on a count of fecal bacteria. It is one of many tests done to assure sufficient water quality. Coliform bacteria are microorganisms that primarily originate in the intestines of warm-blooded animals. By testing for coliforms, especially the well known Escheri... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a process that occurs in water at temperatures and pressures above a mixture's thermodynamic critical point. Under these conditions water becomes a fluid with unique properties that can be used to advantage in the destruction of recalcitrant and hazardous wastes such as polychlor... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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