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Lipofuscin appears to be the product of the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and may be symptomatic of membrane damage, or damage to mitochondria and lysosomes. Aside from a large lipid content, lipofuscin is known to contain sugars and metals, including mercury, aluminium, iron, copper and zinc. Lipofuscin is also... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Paula L. Diaconescu is a Romanian-American chemistry professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. She is known for her research on the synthesis of redox active transition metal complexes, the synthesis of lanthanide complexes, metal-induced small molecule activation, and polymerization reactions. She is a f... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are grating/prism configurations that offer different tradeoffs between simplicity and spectral accuracy.
* Czerny–Turner (discussed below)
* Paschen-Runge
* Eagle
* Wadsworth
* Ebert-Fasti
* Littrow
* Pfund
In the common Czerny–Turner design, the broad-band illumination source (A) is aimed at an entrance slit (B... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In physical chemistry, supersaturation occurs with a solution when the concentration of a solute exceeds the concentration specified by the value of solubility at equilibrium. Most commonly the term is applied to a solution of a solid in a liquid, but it can also be applied to liquids and gases dissolved in a liquid. A... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The enthalpy of a chemical system is essentially its energy. The enthalpy change ΔH for a reaction is equal to the heat q transferred out of (or into) a closed system at constant pressure without in- or output of electrical energy. Heat production or absorption in a chemical reaction is measured using calorimetry, e.g.... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Odors emitted by sewage treatment are typically an indication of an anaerobic or septic condition. Early stages of processing will tend to produce foul-smelling gases, with hydrogen sulfide being most common in generating complaints. Large process plants in urban areas will often treat the odors with carbon reactors, a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Atomic physics primarily considers atoms in isolation. Atomic models will consist of a single nucleus that may be surrounded by one or more bound electrons. It is not concerned with the formation of molecules (although much of the physics is identical), nor does it examine atoms in a solid state as condensed matter. It... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 1924, Hahn was elected to full membership of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, by a vote of thirty white balls to two black. While still remaining the head of his own department, he became Deputy Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry in 1924, and succeeded Alfred Stock as the director in 1... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Generally pyridinium photoinitiators are N-substituted pyridine derivatives, with a positive charge placed on the nitrogen. The counter ion is in most cases a non-nucleophilic anion. Upon radiation, homolytic bond cleavage takes place generating a pyridinium cationic radical and a neutral free radical. In most cases, a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
TALEN has been used to efficiently modify plant genomes, creating economically important food crops with favorable nutritional qualities. They have also been harnessed to develop tools for the production of biofuels. In addition, it has been used to engineer stably modified human embryonic stem cell and induced pluri... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sigurd Hofmann (15 February 1944 – 17 June 2022) was a German physicist known for his work on superheavy elements. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bruce R. Kowalski (March 1942 – December 2012) was an American professor of analytical chemistry who is acknowledged by the world-wide scientific community to be one of the founders of the field of chemometrics. He was the founding editor of Journal of Chemometrics, and the founding director of the Center for Process A... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that takes place in the cytosol of cells in all living organisms. Glycolysis can be literally translated as "sugar splitting", and occurs regardless of oxygen's presence or absence. In aerobic conditions, the process converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate (pyru... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It is carried out in order to:
* Manage the inspection of piping.
* Identifying piping systems/circuits and assign failure modes.
* Capture any changes due to those upgrades or design creep.
* Ensure that circuits are identified to indicate inspection points as well as facilitate the implementation of various inspectio... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, the Morton number (Mo) is a dimensionless number used together with the Eötvös number or Bond number to characterize the shape of bubbles or drops moving in a surrounding fluid or continuous phase, c.
It is named after Rose Morton, who described it with W. L. Haberman in 1953. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Selenols are organic compounds that contain the functional group with the connectivity . Selenols are sometimes also called selenomercaptans and selenothiols. Selenols are one of the principal classes of organoselenium compounds. A well-known selenol is the amino acid selenocysteine. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Larive received her Bachelor of Science from South Dakota State University in 1980, and her Master of Science degree from Purdue University in 1982. In 1992, she was awarded a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of California, Riverside after working under the direction of Dallas L. Rabenstein. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
PAVA is approved for police and prison service use in the United Kingdom. British police forces had traditionally used CS gas spray, but with the more widespread carriage of tasers, PAVA has now entirely replaced its predecessor due to its non-flammable nature.
Both PAVA and CS are prohibited under Section 5 of the Fir... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Properties of phycobiliproteins, such as their natural antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, food colourant, strong pigment and anti-aging activities, have given them considerable potential for use in food, cosmetics and medicinal applications. They have also proven to be therapeutic in treating diseases such as Alzheimers ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The phosphorus atom in phosphines has a formal oxidation state −3 (σλ) and are the phosphorus analogues of amines. Like amines, phosphines have a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry although often with smaller C-E-C angles (E = N, P), at least in the absence of steric effects. The C-P-C bond angle is 98.6° for trim... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In general terms, chemotaxis is a biological process where living entities, such as cells or organisms, detect, maneuver, and react in response to a chemical signal in their environment. Such a phenomenon is critical for many biological processes, including but not limited to wound healing, detection of food, and avoid... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Natural ventilation is a key factor in reducing the spread of airborne illnesses such as tuberculosis, the common cold, influenza, meningitis or COVID-19. Opening doors and windows are good ways to maximize natural ventilation, which would make the risk of airborne contagion much lower than with costly and maintenance... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In organic chemistry a halohydrin (also a haloalcohol or β-halo alcohol) is a functional group in which a halogen and a hydroxyl are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, which otherwise bear only hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups (e.g. 2-chloroethanol, 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol). The term only applies to saturated motifs, as s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the case of photochemical reactions, light provides the activation energy. Simplistically, light is one mechanism for providing the activation energy required for many reactions. If laser light is employed, it is possible to selectively excite a molecule so as to produce a desired electronic and vibrational state. E... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Screening and disinfection facilities treat CSO without ever storing it. Called "flow-through" facilities, they use fine screens to remove solids and sanitary trash from the combined sewage. Flows are injected with sodium hypochlorite for disinfection and mixed as they travel through a series of fine screens to remove ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A Soxhlet extractor is a piece of laboratory apparatus invented in 1879 by Franz von Soxhlet. It was originally designed for the extraction of a lipid from a solid material. Typically, Soxhlet extraction is used when the desired compound has a limited solubility in a solvent, and the impurity is insoluble in that sol... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is an organic compound that is derived from maleic acid. It contains the amide functional group, but more importantly it is an alkene that is reactive toward thiols and is commonly used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Soluforce RTP is tested and acknowledged by the following organisations:
* DNV Certification D-2615 - Soluforce System 4" and 5" with in-line couplings and end fittings
* ASTM - WK11803
* API - RP 15S (oil field service)
* ISO/TS 18226:2006 (gas service)
* DVGW VP 642 (German gas service)
* NYSEARCH project by the Nort... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Shaw studied at the University of Manchester where he gained a BSc and a PhD. After three years in the Civil Service at the Torry Research Station in Aberdeen and five years at ICI he was appointed Lecturer in the Department of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry at the University of Leeds in 1962. He was promoted to ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Carboranes and boranes adopt 3-dimensional cage (cluster) geometries in sharp contrast to typical organic compounds. Cages are compatible with sigma—delocalized bonding, whereas hydrocarbons are typically chains or rings.
Like for other electron-delocalized polyhedral clusters, the electronic structure of these cluster... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The ribosome is a complex molecular machine that, in order to synthesize proteins during the translation process, has to decode mRNAs by pairing their codons with matching tRNAs. Decoding is a major determinant of fitness and requires accurate and fast selection of correct tRNAs among many similar competitors. One must... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The two orbital arrays in Figure 3 are just examples and do not correspond to real systems. In inspecting the Möbius one on the left, plus-minus overlaps are seen between orbital pairs 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6 and 6-1, corresponding to an odd number 5 as required by a Möbius system. Inspection of the Hückel one on the right,... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Brønsted–Lowry theory (also called proton theory of acids and bases) is an acid–base reaction theory which was first developed by Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and Thomas Martin Lowry independently in 1923. The basic concept of this theory is that when an acid and a base react with each other, the acid forms its conju... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The outron is an intron-like sequence possessing similar characteristics such as the G+C content and a splice acceptor site that is the signal for trans-splicing. Such a trans-splice site is essentially defined as an acceptor (3) splice site without an upstream donor (5) splice site.
In eukaryotes such as euglenozoans... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Informations for this group of inhibitors are quite restricted. Azetidine-based DPP-4 inhibitors can roughly be grouped into three main subcategories: 2-cyanoazetidines, 3-fluoroazetidines, and 2-ketoazetidines. The most potent ketoazetidines and cyanoazetidines have large hydrophobic amino acid groups bound to the aze... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A plasmonic antenna-reactor photocatalyst is a photocatalyst that combines a catalyst with attached antenna that increases the catalyst's ability to absorb light, thereby increasing its efficiency.
A Silicon dioxide| catalyst combined with an Au light absorber accelerated hydrogen sulfide-to-hydrogen reactions. The pro... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Molecular glue compounds are being explored for their potential in influencing protein interactions associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers and Parkinsons. By modulating these interactions, researchers aim to develop treatments that could slow or prevent the progression of these diseases. Addition... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Tattvartha Sutra has the largest number of Jaina bhashyas or commentaries in different Indian languages from the fifth century onward. There are over twenty-five commentaries and translations of Tattvartha Sutra, including those by:
Umasvati himself wrote a commentary on the text. The next oldest and the most famou... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
FAM227B is a protein that in humans is encoded by FAM227B gene. FAM227B stands for family with sequence similarity 227 member B and encodes protein FAM227B of the same name. Its aliases include C15orf33, MGC57432 and FLJ23800. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Isovaleryl-coenzyme A, also known as isovaleryl-CoA, is an intermediate in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Remnants of L2 and L3 elements are found in the human genome. It is estimated that L2 and L3 elements were active ~200-300 million years ago. Due to the age of L2 elements found within therian genomes, they lack flanking target site duplications. The L2 (and L3) elements are in the same group as the CR1 clade, Jockey. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Modafinil is contraindicated during pregnancy and 2 months before getting pregnant. Women who take modafinil should not become pregnant, and, additionally, should be aware that modafinil reduces effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, increasing chances of getting pregnant. Modafinil therapy during pregnancy increase... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hypotonia and Parkinsonism were present in two Turkish siblings, brother and sister. By using exome sequencing, which sequences a selective coding region of the genome, researchers have found a homozygous five-nucleotide deletion in the SPR gene which confirmed both siblings were homozygous. It is predicted that this m... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
MHD reduces the overall production of hazardous fossil fuel wastes because it increases plant efficiency. In MHD coal plants, the patented commercial "Econoseed" process developed by the U.S. (see below) recycles potassium ionization seed from the fly ash captured by the stack-gas scrubber. However, this equipment is a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Amoxicillin is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamase-producing bacteria, which are resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin. For this reason, it may be combined with clavulanic acid, a β-lactamase inhibitor. This drug combination is commonly called co-amoxiclav. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Levonorgestrel has been studied in combination with androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone as a hormonal contraceptive for men. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Platinum and palladium are precious metals generally found in ultramafic rocks. The source of platinum and palladium deposits is ultramafic rocks which have enough sulfur to form a sulfide mineral while the magma is still liquid. This sulfide mineral (usually pentlandite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, or pyrrhotite) gains plat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sulfur from meteorites was determined in the early 1950s to be an adequate reference standard because it exhibited a small variability in isotopic ratios. It was also believed that because of their extraterrestrial provenances, meteors represented primordial terrestrial isotopic conditions. During a meeting of the Nat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Secondary electrons are electrons generated as ionization products. They are called secondary because they are generated by other radiation (the primary radiation). This radiation can be in the form of ions, electrons, or photons with sufficiently high energy, i.e. exceeding the ionization potential. Photoelectrons can... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Quantum chemistry, a subfield of physical chemistry especially concerned with the application of quantum mechanics to chemical problems, provides tools to determine how strong and what shape bonds are, how nuclei move, and how light can be absorbed or emitted by a chemical compound. Spectroscopy is the related sub-disc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As a common noun, English heat or warmth (just as French chaleur, German Wärme, Latin calor, Greek θάλπος, etc.) refers to (the human perception of) either thermal energy or temperature. Speculation on thermal energy or "heat" as a separate form of matter has a long history, identified as caloric theory, phlogiston the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It is often difficult to distinguish between hydrogen-bond catalysis and general acid catalysis. Hydrogen-bond donors can have varying acidity, from mild to essentially strong Brønsted acids like phosphoric acids. Looking at the extent of proton transfer over the course of the reaction is challenging and has not been i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In chemistry, an alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom. They are written as , where R is the organyl substituent. Alkoxides are strong bases and, when R is not bulky, good nucleophiles and good ligands. Alkoxides, although g... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
To explain the processes of excitation, optical pumping, and spin exchange easier, the most common alkali metal used for this process, rubidium, will be used as an example. Rubidium has an odd number of electrons, with only one in the outermost shell that can be excited under the right conditions. There are two transit... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEIS), sometimes referred to simply as ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), is a surface-sensitive analytical technique used to characterize the chemical and structural makeup of materials. LEIS involves directing a stream of charged particles known as ions at a surface and making... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A sulfur-based main group analog of a carbyne complex has been prepared by Seppalt and coworkers. The compound, trifluoro(2,2,2-trifluoroethylidyne)-λ-sulfurane, FC–C≡SF, prepared by dehydrofluorination of FC–CH=SF or FC–CH–SF, is an unstable gas that readily undergoes dimerization to form trans-(CF)(SF)C=C(CF)(SF) at... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Glycerol 2-phosphate is the conjugate base of phosphoric ester of glycerol. It is commonly known as β-glycerophosphate or BGP. Unlike glycerol 1-phosphate and glycerol 3-phosphate, this isomer is not chiral. It is also less common. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1698, the physician Sir John Floyer published the first edition of A Treatise of the Asthma, the first English textbook on the malady. In it, he describes how dampness and mold could trigger an asthmatic attack, specifically, "damp houses and fenny [boggy] countries". He also writes of an asthmatic "who fell into a ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nine chemical elements – carbon, sulfur, iron, copper, silver, tin, gold, mercury, and lead, have been known since before antiquity, as they are found in their native form and are relatively simple to mine with primitive tools. Around 330 BCE, the Greek philosopher Aristotle proposed that everything is made up of a mix... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ellingham diagrams are a particular graphical form of the principle that the thermodynamic feasibility of a reaction depends on the sign of ΔG, the Gibbs free energy change, which is equal to ΔH − TΔS, where ΔH is the enthalpy change and ΔS is the entropy change.
The Ellingham diagram plots the Gibbs free energy change... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
When photosystem I absorbs light, an electron is excited to a higher energy level in the P700 chlorophyll. The resulting P700 with an excited electron is designated as P700*, which is a strong reducing agent due to its very negative redox potential of -1.2V . | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The oxaloacetate/aspartate family of amino acids is composed of lysine, asparagine, methionine, threonine, and isoleucine. Aspartate can be converted into lysine, asparagine, methionine and threonine. Threonine also gives rise to isoleucine.
The associated enzymes are subject to regulation via feedback inhibition and/o... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*DayGlo fluorescent pigments, developed by Bob Switzer and Joe Switzer of Switzer Brothers, Inc., (now Day-Glo Color Corp.) between the 1930s and 1950s
*Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring, published in 1962 | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Since its reduction potential is similar to that of oxygen and can be reduced by components of the electron transport chain, large doses of methylene blue are sometimes used as an antidote to potassium cyanide poisoning, a method first successfully tested in 1933 by Dr. Matilda Moldenhauer Brooks in San Francisco, alth... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
During the Cold War, the governments of the U.S., the USSR, Great Britain, and China attempted to educate their citizens about surviving a nuclear attack by providing procedures on minimizing short-term exposure to fallout. This effort commonly became known as Civil Defense.
Fallout protection is almost exclusively con... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The costs of subsurface flow constructed wetlands mainly depend on the costs of sand with which the bed has to be filled. Another factor is the cost of land. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The advantages of EDXRD are (1) it uses a fixed scattering angle, (2) it works directly in reciprocal space, (3) fast collection time, and (4) parallel data collection. The fixed scattering angle geometry makes EDXRD especially suitable for in situ studies in special environments (e.g. under very low or high temperatur... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Each peroxy group is considered to contain one active oxygen atom. The concept of active oxygen content is useful for comparing the relative concentration of peroxy groups in formulations, which is related to the energy content. In general, energy content increases with active oxygen content, and thus the higher the mo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The melting temperature of the amplicon at which the two DNA strands come apart is entirely predictable. It is dependent on the sequence of the DNA bases. If you are comparing two samples from two different people, they should give exactly the same shaped melt curve. However, if one person has a mutation in the DNA re... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A multivariate optical element (MOE), is the key part of a multivariate optical computer; an alternative to conventional spectrometry for the chemical analysis of materials.
It is helpful to understand how light is processed in a multivariate optical computer, as compared to how it is processed in a spectrometer. For ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
While most mining companies have shifted from a previously accepted sprinkler method to the percolation of slowly dripping choice chemicals including cyanide or sulfuric acid closer to the actual ore bed, heap leach pads have not changed too much throughout the years. There are still four main categories of pads: conve... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The historical term for the relative permittivity is dielectric constant. It is still commonly used, but has been deprecated by standards organizations, because of its ambiguity, as some older reports used it for the absolute permittivity ε. The permittivity may be quoted either as a static property or as a frequency-d... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Lead(II) fluoride is used in low melting glasses, in glass coatings to reflect infrared rays, in phosphors for television-tube screens, and as a catalyst for the manufacture of picoline. The Muon g−2 experiment uses scintillators in conjunction with silicon photomultipliers. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
DTDP-glucose is produced by the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase and is synthesized from dTTP and glucose-1-phosphate. Pyrophosphate is a byproduct of the reaction. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
SCS is the only enzyme in the citric acid cycle that catalyzes a reaction in which a nucleotide triphosphate (GTP or ATP) is formed by substrate-level phosphorylation. Research studies have shown that E. coli SCSs can catalyze either GTP or ATP formation. However, mammals possess different types of SCSs that are spec... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Lakes and ponds can be very large and support a complex eco-system in which environmental parameters vary widely in all three physical dimensions and with time. Large lakes in the temperate zone often stratify in the warmer months into a warmer upper layers rich in oxygen and a colder lower layer with low oxygen levels... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the tablet pressing process, the appropriate amount of active ingredient must be in each tablet. Hence, all the ingredients should be well mixed. If a sufficiently homogenous mix of the components cannot be obtained with simple blending processes, the ingredients must be granulated prior to compression to assure an... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
ISO REMCO, the ISO committee responsible for guidance on reference materials within ISO, defines the following classes of reference material:
; Reference Material: Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A siphon cup is the (hanging) reservoir of paint attached to a spray gun, it is not a siphon as a vacuum pump extracts the paint. This name is to distinguish it from gravity-fed reservoirs. An archaic use of the term is a cup of oil in which the oil is transported out of the cup via a cotton wick or tube to a surface t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This technique is mostly used to produce coatings on structural materials. Such coatings provide protection against high temperatures (for example thermal barrier coatings for exhaust heat management), corrosion, erosion, wear; they can also change the appearance, electrical or tribological properties of the surface, r... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The structural and compositional versatility of clay minerals gives them interesting biological properties. Due to disc-shaped and charged surfaces, clay interacts with a range of drugs, protein, polymers, DNA, or other macromolecules. Some of the applications of clays include drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bio... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Originally, COMOS was developed as an integrated CAE system for engineering in plant construction: all process engineering trades and the involved disciplines of the Electrical, Instrumentation & Control system engineering should be able to work together seamlessly on one system platform.
The system incorporates the ch... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in the geomagnetic field is conventionally referred to as Earth's field NMR (EFNMR). EFNMR is a special case of low field NMR.
When a sample is placed in a constant magnetic field and stimulated (perturbed) by a time-varying (e.g., pulsed or alternating) magnetic field, NMR active nucle... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The stabilization of a foam is caused by van der Waals forces between the molecules in the foam, electrical double layers created by dipolar surfactants, and the Marangoni effect, which acts as a restoring force to the lamellae.
The Marangoni effect depends on the liquid that is foaming being impure. Generally, surfact... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
AIDS appears to involve a slow and progressive decline in levels of selenium in the body. Whether this decline in selenium levels is a direct result of the replication of HIV or related more generally to the overall malabsorption of nutrients by AIDS patients remains debated. Observational studies have found an associa... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1925, Coward received a Rockefeller Fellowship to continue her studies and research on vitamin A in the Department of Agricultural Chemistry at the University of Wisconsin–Madison under Dr. Harry Steenbock. On her return to Britain, she was appointed head of the Nutrition Department of the Royal Pharmaceutical... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Raymond's daughter Janet Lemieux was Canadian champion soccer player and was inducted to the Canada Soccer Hall of Fame in 2021. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Of the 195 countries currently recognised by the United Nations, 141 use RHT and 54 use LHT on roads in general.
A country and its territories and dependencies are counted as one. Whichever directionality is listed first is the type that is used in general in the traffic category. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A Norrish type II reaction is the photochemical intramolecular abstraction of a γ-hydrogen (a hydrogen atom three carbon positions removed from the carbonyl group) by the excited carbonyl compound to produce a 1,4-biradical as a primary photoproduct. Norrish first reported the reaction in 1937.
Secondary reactions that... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Aeroacoustics is a branch of acoustics that studies noise generation via either turbulent fluid motion or aerodynamic forces interacting with surfaces. Noise generation can also be associated with periodically varying flows. A notable example of this phenomenon is the Aeolian tones produced by wind blowing over fixed ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Qualitative Chemical Analysis: Principles and methods, 1931
* General Chemistry for Colleges, 1935
* The Structure and properties of Matter, 1935
* An Introduction to College Chemistry, 1937 | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
ChimerDB in computational biology is a database of fusion sequences.
ChimerDB currently consists of three searchable datasets.
*[http://203.255.191.229:8080/chimerdbv31/mchimerkb.cdb ChimerKB] is a curated knowledge base of 1,066 fusion genes sourced from publicly available scientific literature.
*[http://203.255.191.2... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The following equations apply to two hard spheres that undergo a perfectly elastic collision. Let and denote the radii of the scattering center and scattered sphere, respectively. The differential cross section is
and the total cross section is
In other words, the total scattering cross section is equal to the area o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In chemistry, the Terrace Ledge Kink model (TLK), which is also referred to as the Terrace Step Kink model (TSK), describes the thermodynamics of crystal surface formation and transformation, as well as the energetics of surface defect formation. It is based upon the idea that the energy of an atom’s position on a cry... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cecil Czerkinsky first described ELISpot in 1983 as a new way to quantify the production of an antigen-specific immunoglobulin by hybridoma cells.
In 1988, Czerkinsky developed an ELISA spot assay that quantified the secretion of a lymphokine by T cells.
In the same year, dual-color ELISpot was combined with computer i... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Grignard reagents or Grignard compounds are chemical compounds with the general formula , where X is a halogen and R is an organic group, normally an alkyl or aryl. Two typical examples are methylmagnesium chloride and phenylmagnesium bromide . They are a subclass of the organomagnesium compounds.
Grignard compounds... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The School has four major research themes as part of EaStCHEM:
The Chemistry/Biology Interface area is broad, with particular strengths in the areas of protein structure and function, mechanistic enzymology, proteomics, biologically targeted synthesis, the application of high throughput and combinatorial approaches and... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In haloalkanes and haloarenes (), Halogen functional groups are prefixed with the bonding position and take the form of fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo-, etc., depending on the halogen. Multiple groups are dichloro-, trichloro-, etc., and dissimilar groups are ordered alphabetically as before. For example, (chloroform)... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sympathetic cooling is a process in which particles of one type cool particles of another type.
Typically, atomic ions that can be directly laser cooled are used to cool nearby ions or atoms, by way of their mutual Coulomb interaction. This technique is used to cool ions and atoms that cannot be cooled directly by lase... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The 4th analytical group of cations includes ions that precipitate as sulfides at pH 9. The reagent used is ammonium sulfide or NaS 0.1 M added to the ammonia/ammonium chloride solution used to detect group 3 cations.
It includes: Zn, Ni, Co, and Mn. Zinc will form a white precipitate, nickel and cobalt a black precip... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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