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To show the visitors how Birminghams iron industry developed, the main museum displays a wide range of Tannehill artifacts that have survived. Visitors, through paying a visit to the museum, can learn from the graphic exhibits how iron was made by 13 different iron companies and six rolling mills and how Alabamas iron-... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*Hardware architecture: At the core of HIVE there exists a solid backbone hardware made of few redundant critical components and scalable compute and storage units. The diagram at the right demonstrates the connectivity and components assignations for such HIVE cluster. Core components providing the vital functions for... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
To begin HPTLC, a stationary phase has to be determined to separate different compounds within a mixture. Around 90% of all pharmaceutical separations are performed on normal phase silica gel; however, other stationary phases such as alumina can be used for samples with dissociating compounds and cellulose for ionic co... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The lower rim of the cyclooctane B ring containing the first 5 carbon atoms was synthesized in a semisynthesis starting from naturally occurring L-serine (scheme 1). This route started with conversion of the amino group of the serine methyl ester (1) to the diol ester 2 via diazotization (sodium nitrite/sulfuric acid)... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Herbert's wife Cathleen Synge Morawetz was a prolific mathematician at NYU. His sister Sonja Morawetz Sinclair revealed in 2017 she was a WW2 codebreaker after seven decades of secrecy by Bletchley Park Signals Intelligence. He helped organize the defection of Mikhail Barishnikov from the USSR 1974. His brother, Oskar... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
If the forces that bind A and B together are weak, ie for all r except very small r, . The reaction rate 9 simplifies even further to
This equation is true for a very large proportion of industrially relevant reactions in solution. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Temperature (T) represents the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system. It's a measure of how hot or cold a system is.
* Pressure (P) is the force exerted by the particles of a system on a unit area of the container walls.
* Volume (V) refers to the space occupied by the system.
* Composition defines the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The liver is the main site of transferrin synthesis but other tissues and organs, including the brain, also produce transferrin. A major source of transferrin secretion in the brain is the choroid plexus in the ventricular system. The main role of transferrin is to deliver iron from absorption centers in the duodenum a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The typical composition of KREEP includes about one percent, by mass, of potassium and phosphorus oxides, 20 to 25 parts per million of rubidium, and a concentration of the element lanthanum that is 300 to 350 times the concentrations found in carbonaceous chondrites. Most of potassium, phosphorus and rare-earth elemen... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This is the chemistry associated with any part of the nuclear fuel cycle, including nuclear reprocessing. The fuel cycle includes all the operations involved in producing fuel, from mining, ore processing and enrichment to fuel production (Front-end of the cycle). It also includes the in-pile behavior (use of the fuel ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
These binding modes include μ-η,η-, μ-η,η-, and μ-η,η-. Depending on the degree of electron-transfer from the dimetal unit, these O ligands can again be described as peroxo or superoxo. Hemocyanin is an O-carrier that utilizes a bridging O2 binding motif. It features a pair of copper centers.
Salcomine, the cobalt(II)... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Historically, pyrotechnic or explosive applications for traditional thermites have been limited due to their relatively slow energy release rates. Because nanothermites are created from reactant particles with proximities approaching the atomic scale, energy release rates are far greater.
MICs or super-thermites are g... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gene knockouts (also known as gene deletion or gene inactivation) are a widely used genetic engineering technique that involves the targeted removal or inactivation of a specific gene within an organism's genome. This can be done through a variety of methods, including homologous recombination, CRISPR-Cas9, and TALENs.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Alexander Lyman Holley contributed significantly to the success of Bessemer steel in the United States. His A Treatise on Ordnance and Armor is an important work on contemporary weapons manufacturing and steel-making practices. In 1862, he visited Bessemers Sheffield works, and became interested in licensing the proces... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The electronic properties of ordered, crystalline solids are determined by the distribution of the electronic states with respect to energy and momentum—the electronic band structure of the solid. Theoretical models of photoemission from solids show that this distribution is, for the most part, preserved in the photoel... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A separating funnel takes the shape of a cone with a hemispherical end. It has a stopper at the top and stopcock (tap), at the bottom. Separating funnels used in laboratories are typically made from borosilicate glass and their taps are made from glass or PTFE. Typical sizes are between 30 mL and 3 L. In industrial che... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The first edition was edited by John H. Perry who was a PhD physical chemist and chemical engineer for E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. W. S. Calcott (ChE) of DuPont was his assistant editor. It was published in 1934. The second edition was published in 1941. The third edition was edited by John H. Perry and published ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In addition to storage, COF materials are exceptional at gas separation. For instance, COFs like imine-linked COF LZU1 and azine-linked COF ACOF-1 were used as a bilayer membrane for the selective separation of the following mixtures: H/CO, H/N, and H/CH. The COFs outperformed molecular sieves due to the inherent therm... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Improved versions of MPS method have been proposed for enhancement of numerical stability (e.g. [https://archive.today/20130105131748/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/2910/abstract Koshizuka et al., 1998]; [https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1106 Zhang et al., 2005]; [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluiddyn.2005.12... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Jun 1943. Further report on the use of aged chromate baths to specification DTD 911, Bath iii (30 minute hot chromate bath). Petch M K. RAE MR7147(A). Met/RTN/22
Feb 1944. Variations in corrosion properties over magnesium alloy sheet. Jones E R W Petch M K. RAE MR6858. Met/RTN/21, also in J. Inst. Metals, Nov. I946... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Linear PPA is produced by anionic polymerization methods using a strong nucleophile as an initiator. This technique prevents the cyclization of the polymer chain as the propagating species have only one charged terminus that cannot backbite the other terminus which, in turn, is neutral in charge. Although processing li... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Department of Chemistry at the University of Manchester is one of the largest Departments of Chemistry in the United Kingdom, with over 600 undergraduate and more than 200 postgraduate research students.
The department has comprehensive academic coverage across the chemical sciences and in all the core sub-discipli... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
After obtaining his Ph.D., Negishi decided to become an academic researcher. Although he was hoping to work at a Japanese university, he could not find a position. In 1966 he resigned from Teijin, and became a postdoctoral associate at Purdue University, working under future Nobel laureate Herbert C. Brown. From 1968 t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
With the experiments onboard of the EXPOSE facilities, various aspects of astrobiology were investigated that could not be sufficiently approached by use of laboratory facilities on ground. The chemical set of experiments is designed to reach a better understanding of the role of interstellar, cometary and planetary ch... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
GABA receptor antagonists are drugs that inhibit the action of GABA. In general these drugs produce stimulant and convulsant effects, and are mainly used for counteracting overdoses of sedative drugs.
Examples include bicuculline, securinine and metrazol, and the benzodiazepine GABA receptor antagonist flumazenil.
Oth... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A thermal oscillator is a system where conduction along thermal gradients overshoots thermal equilibrium, resulting in thermal oscillations where parts of the system oscillate between being colder and hotter than average. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The InPAsSb quaternary alloy has been grown by both OMVPE and LPE. When lattice-matched to InAs, it has a bandgap in the range 0.3–0.55 eV. The benefits of such a low band gap have not been studied in depth. Therefore, cells incorporating InPAsSb have not been optimized and do not yet have competitive performance. The ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An indicator diagram is a chart used to measure the thermal, or cylinder, performance of reciprocating steam and internal combustion engines and compressors. An indicator chart records the pressure in the cylinder versus the volume swept by the piston, throughout the two or four strokes of the piston which constitute ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Common examples of suspensions include:
*Mud or muddy water: where soil, clay, or silt particles are suspended in water.
*Flour suspended in water.
*Kimchi suspended on vinegar.
*Chalk suspended in water.
*Sand suspended in water. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The following table lists properties of selected radionuclides illustrating the range of properties and uses.
Key: Z = atomic number; N = neutron number; DM = decay mode; DE = decay energy; EC = electron capture | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Process flowsheeting is the use of computer aids to perform steady-state heat and mass balancing, sizing and costing calculations for a chemical process. It is an essential and core component of process design.
The process design effort may be split into three basic steps
* Synthesis
* Analysis and
* Optimization. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An earthworm's digestive system consists of a mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, and intestine. The mouth is surrounded by strong lips, which act like a hand to grab pieces of dead grass, leaves, and weeds, with bits of soil to help chew. The lips break the food down into smaller pieces. In the pharynx, the food... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1999 Cédric Boissière and his team developed a two-step process whereby the hydrolysis at low pH (1 – 4) is completed before the condensation reaction is initiated by the addition of sodium fluoride (NaF). The two-step procedure includes the addition of a nonionic surfactant template to ultimately produce mesoporous... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
During the acute phase, the liver redirects protein synthesis, causing up-regulation of certain proteins and down-regulation of others. Measuring the serum level of proteins that are up- and down-regulated during the acute phase can reveal extremely important information about the patient's nutritional state. The most ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Much research has been conducted on the discovery of catalysts for nitrogen fixation, often with the goal of lowering energy requirements. However, such research has thus far failed to approach the efficiency and ease of the Haber process. Many compounds react with atmospheric nitrogen to give dinitrogen complexes. The... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Color superconductivity is a phenomenon where matter carries color charge without loss, on analogy to the way conventional superconductors can carry electric charge without loss. Color superconductivity is predicted to occur in quark matter if the baryon density is sufficiently high (i.e., well above the density and en... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Base analog, which can substitute for DNA bases during replication and cause transition mutations. Some examples are 5-bromouracil and 2-aminopurine. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The (CSJ) is a learned society and professional association founded in 1878 in order to advance research in chemistry. The mission of the CSJ is to promote chemistry for science and industry in collaboration with other domestic and global societies. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) is a river basin scale model developed to quantify the impact of land management practices in large, complex watersheds. SWAT is a public domain software enabled model actively supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service at the [http://blackland.tamu.edu/ Blackland Researc... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hyperthermophilic archaea encode pili structurally similar to the bacterial conjugative pili. However, unlike in bacteria, where conjugation apparatus typically mediates the transfer of mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids or transposons, the conjugative machinery of hyperthermophilic archaea, called Ced (Crenarch... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In practice, for suction pressure below 100 mbar absolute, more than one ejector is used, usually with condensers between the ejector stages. Condensing of motive steam greatly improves ejector set efficiency; both barometric and shell-and-tube surface condensers are used.
In operation a two-stage system consists of a ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Grain boundaries are the preferential site for segregation of impurities, which may form a thin layer with a different composition from the bulk and a variety of atomic structures that are distinct from the abutting crystalline phases. For example, a thin layer of silica, which also contains impurity cations, is often ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Endogenous Expression of Oncogenic PI3K Mutation Leads to Activated PI3K Signaling and an Invasive Phenotype Poster Presented at AACR/EORTC Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics, Boston, USA, Nov. 2009
* Endogenous Expression of Oncogenic PI3K Mutation Leads to accumulation of anti-apoptotic proteins in mitochond... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Mutations that code for alterations of the conformational shape facilitate resistance of HIV to protease inhibitors. The locations of these mutations are primarily in the active site of the HIV protease enzyme as well as outside of the active site, including those at protease cleavage sites in the Gag-Pol polyprotein p... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In chemistry, isomorphism has meanings both at the level of crystallography and at a molecular level. In crystallography, crystals are isomorphous if they have identical symmetry and if the atomic positions can be described with a set of parameters (unit cell dimensions and fractional coordinates) whose numerical valu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* I. Zegkinoglou, A. Zendegani, I. Sinev, S. Kunze, H. Mistry, H. S. Jeon, J. Zhao, M. Hu, E. E. Alp, S. Piontek, M. Smialkowski, U.-P. Apfel, F. Körmann, J. Neugebauer, T. Hickel, B. Roldan Cuenya: Operando phonon studies of the protonation mechanism in highly active hydrogen evolution reaction pentlandite catalysts, ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Internal conversion is a transition from a higher to a lower electronic state in a molecule or atom. It is sometimes called "radiationless de-excitation", because no photons are emitted. It differs from intersystem crossing in that, while both are radiationless methods of de-excitation, the molecular spin state for int... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cer6 is a LTR retrotransposon that is described from sequencing data in the chromosome III of C. elegans. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The findings of the Apollo missions were the first articles of evidence to suggest the existence of a magma ocean on the Moon. The rocks in the samples acquired from the missions were found to be composed of a mineral called anorthite. Anorthite consists mostly of a variety of plagioclase feldspars, which are lower in ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Metabolic pathways can be targeted for clinically therapeutic uses. Within the mitochondrial metabolic network, for instance, there are various pathways that can be targeted by compounds to prevent cancer cell proliferation. One such pathway is oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) within the electron transport chain (ETC... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Source:
If a solid body is modeled by a constant hard-core field, then
or
where
Here
For the hard solid potential
where is the position of the potential discontinuity. So, in this case | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
TLC plates are usually commercially available, with standard particle size ranges to improve reproducibility. They are prepared by mixing the adsorbent, such as silica gel, with a small amount of inert binder like calcium sulfate (gypsum) and water. This mixture is spread as a thick slurry on an unreactive carrier shee... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The TFQI can be calculated with
from quantiles of FT4 and TSH concentration (as determined based on cumulative distribution functions). Per definition the TFQI has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 0.37 in a reference population. This explains the reference range of –0.74 to + 0.74. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The equation of motion for Stokes flow can be obtained by linearizing the steady state Navier–Stokes equations. The inertial forces are assumed to be negligible in comparison to the viscous forces, and eliminating the inertial terms of the momentum balance in the Navier–Stokes equations reduces it to the momentum balan... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Like spin-lattice relaxation, spin-spin relaxation can be studied using a molecular tumbling autocorrelation framework. The resulting signal decays exponentially as the echo time (TE), i.e., the time after excitation at which readout occurs, increases. In more complicated experiments, multiple echoes can be acquired si... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The PDE nomenclature signifies the PDE family with an Arabic numeral, then a capital letter denotes the gene in that family, and a second and final Arabic numeral then indicates the splice variant derived from a single gene (e.g., PDE1C3: family 1, gene C, splicing variant 3).
The superfamily of PDE enzymes is classifi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*Glutamate is the most common neurotransmitter. Most neurons secrete with glutamate or GABA. Glutamate is excitatory, meaning that the release of glutamate by one cell usually causes adjacent cells to fire an action potential. (Note: Glutamate is chemically identical to the MSG commonly used to flavor food.)
*GABA is a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The most commonly known solar cell is configured as a large-area p-n junction made from silicon. As a simplification, one can imagine bringing a layer of n-type silicon into direct contact with a layer of p-type silicon. n-type doping produces mobile electrons (leaving behind positively charged donors) while p-type dop... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In chromatography, internal standards are used to determine the concentration of other analytes by calculating response factor. The selected internal standard should have a similar retention time and derivatization. It must be stable and not interfere with the sample components. This mitigates the uncertainty that can ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Inke Siewert (born 5 May 1980) is a professor for Inorganic Chemistry at University of Göttingen. Her research focuses on activation of small molecules by transition metal complexes and molecular electrochemistry. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A stationary hydraulic jump is the
type most frequently seen on rivers and on engineered features such as outfalls of dams and irrigation works. They occur when a flow of liquid at high velocity discharges into a zone of the river or engineered structure which can only sustain a lower velocity. When this occurs, the ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Primer walking is a technique used to clone a gene (e.g., disease gene) from its known closest markers (e.g., known gene). As a result, it is employed in cloning and sequencing efforts in plants, fungi, and mammals with minor alterations. This technique, also known as "directed sequencing," employs a series of Sanger s... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Antiporters were discovered as scientists were exploring ion transport mechanisms across biological membranes. The early studies took place in the mid-20th century and were focused on the mechanisms that transported ions such as sodium, potassium, and calcium across the plasma membrane. Researchers made the observation... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Understanding the interfacial energy of materials with different types of interphase boundaries (IPBs) provides valuable insights into several aspects of their behavior, including thermodynamic stability, deformation behavior, and phase evolution. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Praseodymium(III) oxalate is used as an intermediate product in the synthesis of praseodymium. It is also applied to colour some glasses and enamels. If mixed with certain other materials, the compound paints glass intense yellow. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
FCCS measures the coincident green and red intensity fluctuations of distinct molecules that correlate if green and red labeled particles move together through a predefined confocal volume. To perform fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS), samples of interest are first labeled with fluorescent probes of di... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As of 2014, the classical nucleation theory explained that the nucleation rate will correspond to the driving force One method for measuring the nucleation rate is through the induction time method. This process uses the stochastic nature of nucleation and determines the rate of nucleation by analysis of the time betwe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sabatier's earliest research concerned the thermochemistry of sulfur and metallic sulfates, the subject for the thesis leading to his doctorate. In Toulouse, he continued his physical and chemical investigations to sulfides, chlorides, chromates and copper compounds. He also studied the oxides of nitrogen and nitrosodi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Both Kohlrausch's law and the Debye–Hückel–Onsager equation break down as the concentration of the electrolyte increases above a certain value. The reason for this is that as concentration increases the average distance between cation and anion decreases, so that there is more interactions between close ions. Whether t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Lee received her BA summa cum laude in Chemistry at Cornell University in 1990. She obtained her PhD in organic chemistry at Harvard University in 1994.
From 1995 to 1997, Lee was a NIH Postdoctoral Research Fellow at UCLA in the lab of Kendall N. Houk.
Lee also teaches classes in organic chemistry for undergraduate st... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A caisson closure involves sealing the gap with a caisson, essentially a large concrete box. This method was first applied in the Netherlands for mending dike breaches resulting from Allied assaults on Walcheren in 1944. The following year, at Rammekens, surplus caissons (Phoenix caissons) sourced from England, origina... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Regional Scale Nodes is connected into the OOI Cyberinfrastructure.
The Cyberinfrastructure component of the OOI links marine infrastructure to scientists and users. The OOI Cyberinfrastructure manages and integrates data from all the different OOI sensors. It will provide a common operating infrastructure, the I... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
PDE3 inhibitors:
*antagonize platelet aggregation
*block oocyte maturation
*increase contractility of the heart
*enhance vascular smooth muscle relaxation
*enhance airway smooth muscle relaxation
It has been demonstrated that PDE3A inhibition prevents oocyte maturation in vitro and in vivo. For example, when mice are m... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Isotopic labeling (or isotopic labelling) is a technique used to track the passage of an isotope (an atom with a detectable variation in neutron count) through chemical reaction, metabolic pathway, or a biological cell. The reactant is labeled by replacing one or more specific atoms with their isotopes. The reactant is... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Friedel's salt is a layered double hydroxide (LDH) of general formula:
or more explicitly for a positively-charged LDH mineral:
or by directly incorporating water molecules into the Ca,Al hydroxide layer:
where chloride and hydroxide anions occupy the interlayer to compensate the excess of positive charges.
In the ce... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Henri Pitot discovered that the velocity of a fluid was proportional to the square root of its head in the early 18th century. It takes energy to push a fluid through a pipe, and Antoine de Chézy discovered that the hydraulic head loss was proportional to the velocity squared. Consequently, the Chézy formula relates h... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Some unstable isotopes which occur naturally (such as , , and ) are not primordial, as they must be constantly regenerated. This occurs by cosmic radiation (in the case of cosmogenic nuclides such as and ), or (rarely) by such processes as geonuclear transmutation (neutron capture of uranium in the case of and ). Oth... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Kröhnke pyridine synthesis is reaction in organic synthesis between α-pyridinium methyl ketone salts and α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds used to generate highly functionalized pyridines. Pyridines occur widely in natural and synthetic products, so there is wide interest in routes for their synthesis. The metho... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The direct dipole-dipole coupling is very useful for molecular structural studies, since it depends only on known physical constants and the inverse cube of internuclear distance. Estimation of this coupling provides a direct spectroscopic route to the distance between nuclei and hence the geometrical form of the molec... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Lichens are pioneer species, among the first living things to grow on bare rock or areas denuded of life by a disaster. Lichens may have to compete with plants for access to sunlight, but because of their small size and slow growth, they thrive in places where higher plants have difficulty growing. Lichens are often th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although the drugs omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole share common structure and mode of action, each differs somewhat in its clinical pharmacology.
Differing pyridine and benzimidazole substituents result in small, but potentially significant different physical and chemical properties.
Direct comp... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Most knowledge about cys-loop receptors comes from inferences made while studying various members of the family. Research on the structures of [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Acetylcholine_binding_protein acetylcholine binding proteins] (AChBP) determined that the binding sites consist of six loops, with th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Thermosynthesis is a theoretical mechanism proposed by Anthonie Muller for biological use of the free energy in a temperature gradient to drive energetically uphill anabolic reactions. It makes use of this thermal gradient, or the dissipative structure of convection in this gradient, to drive a microscopic heat engine ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The biosynthesis of neopterin occurs in two steps from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). The first being catalyzed by GTP cyclohydrolase, which opens the ribose group. Phosphatases next catalyze the hydrolysis of the phosphate ester group. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sir Isaac Newtons 1687 Principia' includes a computation of the speed of sound in air as . This is too low by about 15%. The discrepancy is due primarily to neglecting the (then unknown) effect of rapidly-fluctuating temperature in a sound wave (in modern terms, sound wave compression and expansion of air is an adiabat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Dally (division abnormally delayed) is the name of a gene that encodes a HS-modified-protein found in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). The protein has to be processed after being codified, and in its mature form it is composed by 626 amino acids, forming a proteoglycan rich in heparin sulfate which is anchored ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Living organisms typically consist of large quantities of water. Many anisotropic materials of interest are biological in nature and as such require hydration during spectroscopic measurements. While some limited novel techniques to measure properties of materials inside a hydrated sample chamber have been recently rep... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
For many years, alongside scientific research, he has carried out an intense dissemination activity, also on the relationship between science and society and between science and peace, with particular reference to energy and resource issues. He is convinced that scientists have a great responsibility that derives from ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Arthur Derek Campbell (27 May 1925 – 20 December 2020) was a New Zealand analytical chemist. He was a faculty member in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Otago from 1948 to 1988, becoming a professor emeritus on his retirement. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Various clinical studies have shown that levamlodipine has more selectivity and better efficacy than (R)-amlodipine. In pooled data, from three comparative studies conducted in 200 patients with mild to moderate hypertension, 2.5 mg of levamlodipine was found to be equivalent in its blood pressure lowering efficacy to ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Random column packing is the practice of packing a distillation column with randomly fitting filtration material in order to optimize surface area over which reactants can interact while minimizing the complexity of construction of such columns. Random column packing is an alternative to structured column packing. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Unlike sodium hydroxide, which is soluble, the hydroxides of most transition metals are insoluble, and therefore sodium hydroxide can be used to precipitate transition metal hydroxides. The following colours are observed:
* Copper - blue
* Iron(II) - green
* Iron(III) - yellow / brown
Zinc and lead salts dissolve in ex... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The first step in the sequence leading to the construction of a process plant and its use in the manufacture of a product is the conception of a process. The concept is embodied in the form of a "flow sheet". Process design then proceeds on the basis of the flow sheet chosen. Physical property data are the other compon... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Biotin hydrazide is a biotinyl derivative that can be used as a probe for the determination of protein carbonylation. It readily forms Schiff bases with carbonyl groups. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Laves phases are intermetallic phases that have composition AB and are named for Fritz Laves who first described them. The phases are classified on the basis of geometry alone. While the problem of packing spheres of equal size has been well-studied since Gauss, Laves phases are the result of his investigations into p... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Pradeep Mathur, born on 17 August 1955 in Teheran to Damyanti and Amrit Dayal. Mathur and his older brother, renowned physicist at TIFR, Deepak Mathur (married to Helen Mathur) were both brought up and educated in London whilst their father Amrit Dayal worked as a senior diplomatic official at the Indian High Commissio... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In their 1959 publication, Yukawa and Tsuno attributed observed deviations from Hammett Plot linearity in electrophilic reactions to additional resonance effects occurring through the pi bonds of substituent groups in their compounds. This implied that the inductive component of the Hammett substituent constant remains... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Another use of the term occurs in industrial refrigeration, specifically vapor-compression refrigeration. Normally, the economizer concept is applied when a particular design or feature on the refrigeration cycle, allows a reduction either in the amount of energy used from the power grid, in the size of the components ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Consider we have an inertial frame of reference and a rotating frame of reference which both are sharing common origin . Assume that frame is rotating around a fixed axis with angular velocity . Now assuming fluid velocity to be and fluid velocity relative to rotating frame of reference to be :
Rothalpy of a fluid ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It should first be noted that the first inelastic mechanism of these polymers is the mobility of the chains and the conformational rearrangement of the groups. Then the effect on semi-crystalline and amorphous polymers must be distinguished. In both cases, anchor points must be created that act as "triggers" for the ef... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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