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Medications that contain more than 10% pseudoephedrine are prohibited under the Stimulants Control Law in Japan. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
While the carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are commonly referred to as "carbamate insecticides" due to their generally high selectivity for insect acetylcholinesterase enzymes over the mammalian versions, the most potent compounds such as aldicarb and carbofuran are still capable of inhibiting mammalian acetyl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The inductive effect also plays a vital role in deciding the acidity and basicity of a molecule. Groups having +I effect (Inductive effect) attached to a molecule increases the overall electron density on the molecule and the molecule is able to donate electrons, making it basic. Similarly, groups having -I effect atta... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A settling chamber where the two phases separate by static decantation. Coalescence plates facilitate the separation of the emulsion into two phases (heavy and light). The two phases then pass to continuous stages by overflowing the light phase and heavy phase weirs. The height of the heavy phase weir can be adjusted i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Recently, there has been an interest in magnetic surface plasmons. These require materials with large negative magnetic permeability, a property that has only recently been made available with the construction of metamaterials. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The nonribosomal code refers to key amino acid residues and their positions within the primary sequence of an adenylation domain of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase used to predict substrate specificity and thus (partially) the final product. Analogous to the nonribosomal code is prediction of peptide composition by ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
According to the main source, Ibn Hayyan, Ziryab had eight sons and two daughters. Five of the sons and both daughters became musicians of some prominence. These children kept their father's music school alive, but the female slave singers he trained also were regarded as reliable sources for his repertoire in the foll... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Since 1978, the institute has operated a nationwide air quality monitoring network. Sponsored by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) since 1990. Receptor modelling techniques are used. CSIR-NEERI is involved in the design and development of air pollution control systems.
The institute has also developed a water ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), also known as deoxycytidylic acid or deoxycytidylate in its conjugate acid and conjugate base forms, respectively, is a deoxynucleotide, and one of the four monomers that make up DNA. In a DNA double helix, it will base pair with deoxyguanosine monophosphate. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Fibrous proteins, such as proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease and prion proteins fulfil the requirements for UV LD in that they are a class of long, thin molecules. In addition, cytoskeletal proteins can also be measured using LD. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A primordial element is a chemical element with at least one primordial nuclide. There are 251 stable primordial nuclides and 35 radioactive primordial nuclides, but only 80 primordial stable elements—hydrogen through lead, atomic numbers 1 to 82, with the exceptions of technetium (43) and promethium (61)—and three rad... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ketones containing alkene and alkyne units are often called unsaturated ketones. The most widely used member of this class of compounds is methyl vinyl ketone, , which is useful in the Robinson annulation reaction. Lest there be confusion, a ketone itself is a site of unsaturation; that is, it can be hydrogenated. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Dexmethylphenidate, sold under the brand name Focalin among others, is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in those over the age of five years. It is taken by mouth. The immediate release formulation lasts up to five hours while the extended rele... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the seventh chapter discusses qualities such as color and taste as a function of heat, time, object and subject. Kanada dedicates a significant number of Sutras to his theory and importance of measurement. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Approximately 95% of hydroxylamine is used in the synthesis of cyclohexanone oxime, a precursor to Nylon 6. The treatment of this oxime with acid induces the Beckmann rearrangement to give caprolactam (3). The latter can then undergo a ring-opening polymerization to yield Nylon 6. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Budget analyses
*Parameter estimation
* Scaling in time and space
* Data assimilation
* Quality control of data – see for example Double mass analysis | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Higher temperatures can also affect the chemical stability of the polymer and thus its use properties. If a polymer's ceiling temperature is exceeded, it will partially revert to its monomers, destroying its usability. More generally, polymer degradation also occurs during devolatilization, limiting the temperature an... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The boiling point is an important property because it determines the speed of evaporation. Small amounts of low-boiling-point solvents like diethyl ether, dichloromethane, or acetone will evaporate in seconds at room temperature, while high-boiling-point solvents like water or dimethyl sulfoxide need higher temperature... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
After serious opposition about plans and negotiations between Mongolia with Japan and the United States of America to build nuclear-waste facilities in Mongolia, Mongolia stopped all negotiations in September 2011. These negotiations had started after U.S. Deputy Secretary of Energy Daniel Poneman visited Mongolia in S... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As mentioned, negative resists are photopolymers that become insoluble upon exposure to radiation. They have found a variety of commercial applications, especially in the area of designing and printing small chips for electronics. A characteristic found in most negative tone resists is the presence of multifunctional b... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many definitions that describe a specific conformer (IUPAC Gold Book) exist, developed by William Klyne and Vladimir Prelog, constituting their Klyne–Prelog system of nomenclature:
* a torsion angle of ±60° is called gauche
* a torsion angle between 0° and ±90° is called syn (s)
* a torsion angle between ±90° and 180°... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An enzyme inducer is a type of drug that increases the metabolic activity of an enzyme either by binding to the enzyme and activating it, or by increasing the expression of the gene coding for the enzyme. It is the opposite of an enzyme repressor. There are specific types of enzyme inducers that create cytoprotectiv... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
RapiGest SF, the brand-name for sodium 3-[(2-methyl-2-undecyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy]-1-propanesulfonate, is an acid-cleavable anionic detergent marketed by Waters Corporation and AOBIOUS INC. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are two types of overlayers: commensurate and incommensurate. In the former the substrate-adsorbate interaction tends to dominate over any lateral adsorbate-adsorbate interaction, while in the latter the adsorbate-adsorbate interactions are of similar magnitude to those between adsorbate and substrate. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
:V09FX01 Technetium (Tc) pertechnetate
:V09FX02 Sodium iodide (I)
:V09FX03 Sodium iodide (I)
:V09FX04 Sodium iodide (I) | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ammonium perrhenate may be prepared from virtually all common sources of rhenium. The metal, oxides, and sulfides can be oxidized with nitric acid and the resulting solution treated with aqueous ammonia. Alternatively an aqueous solution of ReO can be treated with ammonia followed by crystallisation. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Pourbaix diagrams have many applications in different fields dealing with e.g., corrosion problems, geochemistry, and environmental sciences. Using the Pourbaix diagram correctly will help shedding light not only on the nature of the species present in aqueous solution, or in the solid phases, but may also help to unde... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In addition to the method of proton extrusion discussed above, it is believed that the general method of cellular respiration is different in obligate alkaliphiles as compared to neutrophiles. Generally, ATP production operates by establishing a proton gradient (greater H+ concentration outside the membrane) and a tran... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group () or hydrogen in the case of formyl group (). In organic chemistry, the acyl group (IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl g... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hydrostatic tests are conducted under the constraints of either the industrys or the customers specifications, or may be required by law. The vessel is filled with a nearly incompressible liquid – usually water or oil – pressurised to test pressure, and examined for leaks or permanent changes in shape. Red or fluoresce... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Rayleigh–Taylor instability is another application of hydrodynamic stability and also occurs between two fluids but this time the densities of the fluids are different. Due to the difference in densities, the two fluids will try to reduce their combined potential energy. The less dense fluid will do this by trying ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Persephin has been found to be less potent than other members of the GDNF family. It has been found to support the survival and morphological differentiation of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons, although less so than both GDNF and neurturin. The mRNA levels of persephin in developing neurons has been low com... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Westinghouse continued its manufacturing and research at the plant after the war. In 1964, Westinghouse was issued a permit from United States Atomic Energy Commission to conduct research using thorium and uranium to produce thorium-tungsten wire. In 1983, Westinghouse sold its lamp manufacturing operation to North Ame... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The nano guitar is a microscopically small carved guitar. It was developed by Dustin W. Carr in 1997, under the direction of Professor Harold G. Craighead, in the Cornell Nanofabrication Facility. The idea came about as a fun way to illustrate nanotechnology, and captured popular attention. It is disputed as to whether... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An increased plasma transferrin level is often seen in patients with iron deficiency anemia, during pregnancy, and with the use of oral contraceptives, reflecting an increase in transferrin protein expression. When plasma transferrin levels rise, there is a reciprocal decrease in percent transferrin iron saturation, an... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Differences in the abundance of stable isotopes among natural materials are usually very small (natural differences in the ratio of rare to common isotope are almost always below 0.1%, and sometimes much smaller). Nevertheless, these very small differences can record meaningful biological and geological processes. To f... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
If the β phase is replaced by a flat rigid surface, as shown in Figure 5, then β = π, and the second net force equation simplifies to the Young equation,
which relates the surface tensions between the three phases: solid, liquid and gas. Subsequently, this predicts the contact angle of a liquid droplet on a solid surfa... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In hydrodynamics, the Perrin friction factors are multiplicative adjustments to the translational and rotational friction of a rigid spheroid, relative to the corresponding frictions in spheres of the same volume. These friction factors were first calculated by Jean-Baptiste Perrin.
These factors pertain to spheroids ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Friction stir processing can also be used to improve the microstructural properties of powder metal objects. In particular, when dealing with aluminium powder metal alloys, the aluminium oxide film on the surface of each granule is detrimental to the ductility, fatigue properties and fracture toughness of the workpiece... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Consider the two equilibria, in aqueous solution, between the copper(II) ion, Cu and ethylenediamine (en) on the one hand and methylamine, MeNH on the other.
In the first reaction the bidentate ligand ethylene diamine forms a chelate complex with the copper ion. Chelation results in the formation of a five-membered rin... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ion pairs are formed when a cation and anion, which are present in a solution of an ionizable substance, come together to form a discrete chemical species. There are three distinct types of ion pairs, depending on the extent of solvation of the two ions. For example, magnesium sulfate exists as both contact and solvent... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In steady state, the third order virial equation becomes
If the axis of rotation is chosen in direction, the equation becomes | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
To understand the how the MRI works, we must first understand the conditions inside a perfectly conducting fluid in motion. This is often a good approximation to astrophysical gases. In the presence of a magnetic field a moving conductor responds by trying to eliminate the Lorentz force on the free charges. The magn... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
One way to visualize the internal standard method is to create one calibration curve that doesn't use the method and one calibration curve that does. Suppose there are known concentrations of nickel in a set of calibration solutions: 0 ppm, 1.6 ppm, 3.2 ppm, 4.8 ppm, 6.4 ppm, and 8 ppm. Each solution also has 5 ppm ytt... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Greek Ministry of Finance has now installed a green roof on the Treasury in Constitution Square in Athens. The so-called "oikostegi" (Greek – oiko, , meaning building-ecological, and stegi, pronounced staygee, meaning roof-abode-shelter) was inaugurated in September 2008. Studies of the thermodynamics of the roof ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In chemistry, racemization is a conversion, by heat or by chemical reaction, of an optically active compound into a racemic (optically inactive) form. This creates a 1:1 molar ratio of enantiomers and is referred to as a racemic mixture (i.e. contain equal amount of (+) and (−) forms). Plus and minus forms are called D... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Okano’s group expanded on their success by using different modifiers to enhance hydrophobicity through the attachment of butyl methacrylate (BMA), a hydrophobic comonomer. For simplification the resultant polymer has been labeled as IBc (isopropylacrylamide butyl methacrylate copolymer). The polymers were synthesized u... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Unlike conventional composites, which typically fail catastrophically, RCCM fail incrementally because of the non-linear deformation phase and the multiplicity of joints and links. These results matched finite-element simulations with finely-meshed rigid body models. In addition to convergence to the observed coordinat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Aggregate exposures to consumers (direct and indirect dermal contact, ingestion, and inhalation) have been estimated to be 1.42 ug/Kg bw/day.
Calcium xylene sulfonate and sodium cumene sulfonate have been shown to cause temporary, slight eye irritation in animals. Studies have not found hydrotropes to be mutagenic, c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gamma rays detected in a spectroscopic system produce peaks in the spectrum. These peaks can also be called lines by analogy to optical spectroscopy. The width of the peaks is determined by the resolution of the detector, a very important characteristic of gamma spectroscopic detectors, and high resolution enables the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Rigid polyurethane foam has many desirable properties which has enabled increased use in various applications, some of which are quite demanding. These properties include low thermal conduction making it useful as an insulator. It also has low density compared to metals and other materials and also good dimensional sta... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
DAA developers face foreseeable challenges in the years to come. Therapeutic gaps for individuals with complicating conditioned such as chronic kidney disease and cirrhosis will need to be bridged. Shorter therapies with milder side effects would yield greater adherence, and the ever present spectre of drug resistance ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The two main tasks of transcription initiation are to provide RNA polymerase with an access to the promoter and to assemble general transcription factors with polymerase into a transcription initiation complex. Diverse mechanisms of initiating transcription by overriding inhibitory signals at the gene promoter have bee... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In contradistinction with electrophoresis, motion of particle in homogeneous electric field only, electrodiffusiophoresis occurs in the areas of the dispersion that experience concentration polarization due to, for instance, electrochemical reactions, see electrochemistry. There are concentration gradients in such area... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Albert believed that all natural things were compositions of matter and form, he referred to it as quod est and quo est. Albert also believed that God alone is the absolute ruling entity. Albert's version of hylomorphism is very similar to the Aristotelian doctrine. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The predominant form of lining for water applications is cement mortar centrifugally applied during manufacturing. The cement mortar comprises a mixture of cement and sand to a ratio of between 1:2 and 1:3.5. For potable water, portland cement is used; for sewage it is common to use sulfate resisting or high alumina c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Creation of canals would need large areas of land resulting in large scale deforestation in certain areas. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The K factor or characterization factor is defined from Rankine boiling temperature °R=1.8Tb[k] and relative to water density ρ at 60°F:
K(UOP) =
The K factor is a systematic way of classifying a crude oil according to its paraffinic, naphthenic, intermediate or aromatic nature. 12.5 or higher indicate a crude oil o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Yuri Andreyevich Zhdanov (; 20 August 1919 – 19 December 2006) was a Soviet and Russian chemistry professor and rector of the University of Rostov. He was the son of Soviet politician Andrei Zhdanov and a former husband of Joseph Stalin's daughter, Svetlana Alliluyeva. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hazards posed by titanium tetrachloride generally arise from its reaction with water that releases hydrochloric acid, which is severely corrosive itself and whose vapors are also extremely irritating. is a strong Lewis acid, which exothermically forms adducts with even weak bases such as THF and water. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The erythromycin breath test (ERMBT) is a method used to measure metabolism (oxidation and elimination from the system) by a part of the cytochrome P450 system. Erythromycin produces CO and this CO can be measured to study drugs that interact with the cytochrome P450 system. Erythromycin is tagged with carbon-14 and ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In molecular biology, linker DNA is double-stranded DNA (38-53 base pairs long) in between two nucleosome cores that, in association with histone H1, holds the cores together. Linker DNA is seen as the string in the "beads and string model", which is made by using an ionic solution on the chromatin. Linker DNA connec... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Miglustat is an iminosugar in which the ring oxygen is replaced by nitrogen. Miglustat a drug used to treat some rare lysosomal storage disorder diseases. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Campaign to Electrify Britain's Railway (CEBR) is an internet-based campaign group formed in 2018 whose aim is to convince the government to completely electrify the British Railway network. Its slogan is "Down with Dirty Diesel." The campaign promotes a rolling programme of electrification, which it considers esse... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Atmospheric Methane Removal is a category of potential approaches being researched to accelerate the breakdown of methane once in the atmosphere to mitigate some of the impacts of climate change.
Different methods to remove methane from the atmosphere include thermal-catalytic oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, biolo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The yield of a system can be measured by either its value or its net benefit. For a water supply system, the true value or the net benefit is a reliable water supply service having adequate quantity and good quality of the product. For example, if the existing water supply of a city needs to be extended to supply a new... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
FEBS publishes four scientific journals: The FEBS Journal, FEBS Letters, Molecular Oncology and FEBS Open Bio. The FEBS Journal was previously entitled the European Journal of Biochemistry. Molecular Oncology and FEBS Open Bio are open-access journals. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Two very similar expressions for are in wide use in hydrology. Both have the form ‰ (‰ = permil or parts per thousand) where s and a are the relative abundances of N in respectively the sample and the atmosphere. The difference is whether the relative abundance is with respect to all the nitrogen, i.e. N plus N, or... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Archaea have a single type of RNAP, responsible for the synthesis of all RNA. Archaeal RNAP is structurally and mechanistically similar to bacterial RNAP and eukaryotic nuclear RNAP I-V, and is especially closely structurally and mechanistically related to eukaryotic nuclear RNAP II.
The history of the discovery of th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A cooling curve is a line graph that represents the change of phase of matter, typically from a gas to a solid or a liquid to a solid. The independent variable (X-axis) is time and the dependent variable (Y-axis) is temperature. Below is an example of a cooling curve used in castings.
The initial point of the graph is ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The overwhelming majority of aromatic compounds are compounds of carbon, but they need not be hydrocarbons. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the analysis of sediments, C/N ratios are a proxy for paleoclimate research, having different uses whether the sediment cores are terrestrial-based or marine-based. Carbon-to-nitrogen ratios are an indicator for nitrogen limitation of plants and other organisms and can identify whether molecules found in the sedimen... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Possibly the most exciting potential use for PECO is producing hydrogen to be used as a source of renewable energy. Photoelectrochemical oxidation reactions that take place within PEC cells are the key to water splitting for hydrogen production. While the main concern with this technology is stability, systems that use... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Static fatigue describes how prolonged and constant cyclic stress weakens a material until it breaks apart, which is called failure. Static fatigue is sometimes called "delayed fracture". The damage occurs at a lower stress level than the stress level needed to create a normal tensile fracture. Static fatigue can invol... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Oxyhydrogen is a mixture of hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) gases. This gaseous mixture is used for torches to process refractory materials and was the first
gaseous mixture used for welding. Theoretically, a ratio of 2:1 hydrogen:oxygen is enough to achieve maximum efficiency; in practice a ratio 4:1 or 5:1 is needed to a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although enol ethers can be considered the ether of the corresponding enolates, they are not prepared by alkylation of enolates. Some enol ethers are prepared from saturated ethers by elimination reactions.
Alternatively, vinyl ethers can be prepared from alcohols by iridium-catalyzed transesterification of vinyl ester... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are 3 types of tumor suppressor genes:
* Genes that affect cell growth
* Genes that limit the cell cycle and induce apoptosis
* Genes that repair damaged DNA
SFRP1 appears to fall in the first category of genes, those that affect cell growth.
The role of SFRP1 as a tumor suppressor has been proposed in many ca... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Large thermal reactors with low flux coupling between regions may experience spatial power oscillations because of the non-uniform presence of xenon-135. Xenon-induced spatial power oscillations occur as a result of rapid perturbations to power distribution that cause the xenon and iodine distribution to be out of phas... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Generally, in progression to cancer, hundreds of genes are silenced or activated. Although silencing of some genes in cancers occurs by mutation, a large proportion of carcinogenic gene silencing is a result of altered DNA methylation (see DNA methylation in cancer). DNA methylation causing silencing in cancer typica... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Henry adsorption constant is the constant appearing in the linear adsorption isotherm, which formally resembles Henrys law; therefore, it is also called Henrys adsorption isotherm. It is named after British chemist William Henry. This is the simplest adsorption isotherm in that the amount of the surface adsorbate i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Transannular strain can be eliminated by the simple addition of a carbon bridge. E,Z,E,Z,Z-[10]-annulene is quite unstable; while it has the requisite number of π-electrons to be aromatic, they are for the most part isolated. Ultimately, the molecule itself is very difficult to observe. However, by the simple addition ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An overlayer is a layer of adatoms adsorbed onto a surface, for instance onto the surface of a single crystal. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although RNA polymerase holoenzyme shows high affinity to non-specific sites of the DNA, this characteristic does not allow us to clarify the process of promoter location. This process of promoter location has been attributed to the structure of the holoenzyme to DNA and sigma 4 to DNA complexes. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A centisome is a unit of length defined as one percent of the length of a particular chromosome. This course unit of physical DNA length began to be used in the early exploration of genomes through molecular biology before the resolution of the nucleic acid sequences of chromosomes was possible.
One of the main uses ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The average wholesale price (AWP) for oxacillin products are provided as follows. The prices listed below are intended to serve as reference values and do not represent the pricing determined by any single manufacturer or entity.
*Bactocill in Dextrose Intravenous
**1 g/50 mL: $20.37
**2 g/50 mL: $32.48
*Oxacillin Sod... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The calcium cycle links ionic and non ionic calcium together in both marine and terrestrial environments and is essential for the functioning of all living organisms. In animals, calcium enables neurons to transmit signals by opening voltage gated channels that allow neurotransmitters to reach the next cell, bone forma... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A siphon rain gauge is a rain gauge that can record rainfall over an extended period. A siphon is used to automatically empty the gauge. It is often simply called a "siphon gauge" and is not to be confused with a siphon pressure gauge. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Enhancers or cis-regulatory modules/elements (CRM/CRE) are non-coding DNA sequences containing multiple activator and repressor binding sites. Enhancers range from 200 bp to 1 kb in length and can be either proximal, 5’ upstream to the promoter or within the first intron of the regulated gene, or distal, in introns of ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
# Multimedia filters use multiple layers of different filter media to achieve more effective and efficient filtration than single-media filters like sand filters.
# They can remove a wider range of particle sizes and types than single-media filters, resulting in more efficient filtration and longer filter life.
#... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, 1961-65
* NSF Senior Postdoctoral Fellow, 1968-69
* Heinrich Hertz Fellow (West Germany)
* Meyerhoff Fellow (Israel)
* Fellow of the American Physical Society, citation: For his many contributions to the statistical mechanics of transport processes, especially to the understanding of Brownian ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Transferrins are glycoproteins that are often found in biological fluids of vertebrates. When a transferrin protein loaded with iron encounters a transferrin receptor on the surface of a cell, e.g., erythroid precursors in the bone marrow, it binds to it and is transported into the cell in a vesicle by receptor-mediate... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Boltzmann equation is valid only under several assumptions. For instance, the particles are assumed to be pointlike, i.e. without having a finite size. There exists a generalization of the Boltzmann equation that is called the Enskog equation. The collision term is modified in Enskog equations such that particles h... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Organostannane addition reactions comprise the nucleophilic addition of an allyl-, allenyl-, or propargylstannane to an aldehyde, imine, or, in rare cases, a ketone. The reaction is widely used for carbonyl allylation.
Organostannane addition to carbonyl groups constitutes one of the most common and efficient methods ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The continuous process of applying up to three separate coating layers onto one or both sides of a metal strip substrate occurs on a coil coating line. These lines vary greatly in size, with widths from and speeds from ; however, all coil-coating lines share the same basic process steps.
A typical organic coil coating... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An example of a short-lived fission product is iodine-131, this can also be formed as an activation product by the neutron activation of tellurium.
In both bomb fallout and a release from a power reactor accident, the short-lived isotopes cause the dose rate on day one to be much higher than that which will be experien... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Druglikeness is a qualitative concept used in drug design for how "druglike" a substance is with respect to factors like bioavailability. It is estimated from the molecular structure before the substance is even synthesized and tested. A druglike molecule has properties such as:
*Solubility in both water and fat, as an... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
# Magnetic materials e.g. alnico, sendust, Permendur, FeCo, Terfenol-D
# Superconductors e.g. A15 phases, niobium-tin
# Hydrogen storage e.g. AB compounds (nickel metal hydride batteries)
# Shape memory alloys e.g. Cu-Al-Ni (alloys of CuAl and nickel), Nitinol (NiTi)
# Coating materials e.g. NiAl
# High-temperature str... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Contact angle, or wetting angle, is a very important parameter in real systems where perfect wetting ( = 0) is hardly ever achieved. The Young equation provides reasoning for contact angle involvement in capillary condensation. The Young Equation explains that the surface tension between the liquid and vapor phases i... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nilson was professor of analytical chemistry at Uppsala from 1878 until 1883, when he became professor of chemistry of the Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry in Stockholm. As an agricultural chemist and Director of the Agricultural Chemical Experiment Station, he published nearly sixty papers concerning ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1908, Lawrence Joseph Henderson derived an equation to calculate the hydrogen ion concentration of a bicarbonate buffer solution, which rearranged looks like this:
In 1909 Søren Peter Lauritz Sørensen introduced the pH terminology, which allowed Karl Albert Hasselbalch to re-express Henderson's equation in logarithm... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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