instruction stringlengths 225 2.35k | input stringlengths 89 1.5k | response stringclasses 698 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Another gene (F33D11.10; EST code 4F10; see Table 2) which encodes an ATP-dependent RNA helicase and is associated with embryonic lethal (Emb) and larval lethal (Lvl) RNAi phenotypes, was shown to be highly transcribed in infective L3s of A. suum.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: suillus indica (aka suillus indicus)
B: suillus
C: paracoccus suum
D: sueus
E: maratus suae
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Helicases are involved in a variety of RNA metabolic processes, including translation initiation, pre-mRNA splicing, pre-rRNA processing, rRNA maturation and RNA degradation [63], and are crucial for life cycle progression, sex determination and early embryogenesis in C. elegans [60].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans]
<Options>: A: uronema elegans
B: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
C: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
D: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
E: gongylostoma elegans elegans (clausilia elegans elegans) (aka gongylostoma elegans elegans)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The high transcription levels of a homologue/orthologue in the L3 of A. suum might suggest a similar role in this ascaridoid.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
B: actinobacillus suis
C: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
D: suiformes (aka suina)
E: suarius
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The high transcription level for the ribosomal protein gene homologue rpl-22 (large subunit family member; EST code 26G12, see Table 2) in the infective L3 of A. suum compared with other developmental stages is likely to reflect the substantial rate of cell growth in this stage [64].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: suillus
B: suarius
C: paracoccus suum
D: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
E: actinomyces suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The gene (F55A12.8, EST code 4G11; see Table 2) encoding an acetyl-transferase with a putative ATPase domain, shown to be enriched in the L3 of A. suum, was predicted to interact with 75 other genes all involved in energy production and/or RNA processing (see Table S2).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
B: suarius
C: aerococcus suis
D: paracoccus suum
E: suillia
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Several molecules involved in ATP synthesis and mitochondrial pathways (e.g., cytochrome oxidase c subunits 1, 2 and 3, ADP/ATP translocases, NADH dehydrogenases, ATPases and ATP synthetases) have been reported previously to be highly represented in the L3 stage of Anisakis simplex', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [anisakis simplex]
<Options>: A: anisakis simplex (ascaris simplex) (aka anisakis simplex)
B: anisakis sp. ae3
C: anisakis simplex sensu lato
D: anisakis sp. rah-2012
E: anisakis sp. i ss-2016
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There is also likely to be a substantial energy requirement for muscle contraction linked to larval motility in A. suum, as the L3s penetrate the caecal wall in the porcine host, before undergoing hepato-pulmonary migration [35].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: paracoccus suum
B: suarius
C: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
D: suillus indica (aka suillus indicus)
E: suillia
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Accordingly, genes encoding a specialized tubulin expressed in mechanoreceptors (mec-12, EST code 13E09) and a troponin (mup-2, EST code 01G03; see Table 2), both predicted to interact with a total number of 32 tubulin- and myosin-encoding genes, also supported a link to extensive muscle contraction and motility in A. suum L3s.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: suina (suiformes) (aka suina)
B: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
C: actinomyces suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
D: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
E: sueus
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A homologue encoded by egl-3 was shown to be highly transcribed in the L3 of A. suum; EGL-3 is predicted to be a pro-hormone convertase involved in the maturation of neuropeptides and could be associated with mechano-sensory responses and touch sensitivity linked to the host invasion.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
B: suillia
C: suiformes (aka suina)
D: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
E: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Gene silencing of kin-2 in C. elegans leads to phenotypes, such as larval lethal (Lvl), larval arrest (Lva), body morphology defect (Bmd), dumpy (Dpy), uncoordinated (Unc) and sterile progeny (Stp) (www.wormbase.org), suggesting that its homologue in A. suum is central to larval maturation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans; a. suum]
<Options>: A: maratus suae
B: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
C: enyo elegans (aka zodarion elegans)
D: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
E: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
F: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
G: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
H: paracoccus suum
I: suillus
J: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
K: None of the above. | [F; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Gene silencing of kin-2 in C. elegans leads to phenotypes, such as larval lethal (Lvl), larval arrest (Lva), body morphology defect (Bmd), dumpy (Dpy), uncoordinated (Unc) and sterile progeny (Stp) (www.wormbase.org), suggesting that its homologue in A. suum is central to larval maturation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans; a. suum]
<Options>: A: drosophila elegans
B: sueus
C: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
D: actinobacillus suis
E: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
F: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
G: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
H: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
I: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
J: bactris elegans
K: None of the above. | [I; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The KOBAS analysis predicted the protein KIN-2 to be involved in the insulin-signaling pathway, previously implicated in controlling the exit from dauer in C. elegans and the activation of L3s of the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, following exsheathment', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans; canine hookworm; ancylostoma caninum]
<Options>: A: ancylostoma braziliense
B: cyclostrongylus elegans
C: dog hookworm (aka ancylostoma caninum)
D: ancylocnemis
E: ancylis kenneli
F: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
G: drosophila elegans
H: ancylus
I: ancylostomia
J: common roundworm (aka ascaris lumbricoides)
K: ancyloscelis
L: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
M: theocolax elegans
N: None of the above. | [F; C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The KOBAS analysis predicted the protein KIN-2 to be involved in the insulin-signaling pathway, previously implicated in controlling the exit from dauer in C. elegans and the activation of L3s of the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, following exsheathment', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans; canine hookworm; ancylostoma caninum]
<Options>: A: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
B: ancylostoma ceylanicum
C: cattle hookworm (aka bunostomum phlebotomum)
D: pig roundworm (aka ascaris suum)
E: ancylostomia
F: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
G: bactris elegans
H: dipylidium caninum (taenia canina) (aka dipylidium caninum)
I: gongylostoma elegans elegans (clausilia elegans elegans) (aka gongylostoma elegans elegans)
J: feline roundworm (aka toxocara cati)
K: ancyluris
L: ancylis diminuatana (aka ancylis diminutana)
M: uronema elegans
N: dog hookworm (aka ancylostoma caninum)
O: None of the above. | [F; N; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The KOBAS analysis predicted the protein KIN-2 to be involved in the insulin-signaling pathway, previously implicated in controlling the exit from dauer in C. elegans and the activation of L3s of the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, following exsheathment', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans; canine hookworm; ancylostoma caninum]
<Options>: A: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
B: caenorhabditis vulgaris (aka caenorhabditis remanei)
C: pig roundworm (aka ascaris suum)
D: toxocara canis (dog roundworm) (aka toxocara canis)
E: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
F: ancylostoma caninum (dog hookworm) (aka ancylostoma caninum)
G: red stomach worm (aka haemonchus contortus)
H: ancylocaris
I: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
J: ancylostomia
K: caenorhabditis
L: ancylostoma braziliense
M: ancylocnemis
N: feline roundworm (aka toxocara cati)
O: None of the above. | [A; F; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In a recent study, Brand and Hawdon [68] were able to inhibit (with a phosphoinositide-3-OH-kinase inhibitor) the activation of infective L3s of both of the hookworms Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma ceylanicum via the insulin signaling pathway, thus lending some credence to the hypothesis that this pathway plays an critical role in regulating the transition from the free-living to the parasitic stage [68].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ancylostoma caninum; ancylostoma ceylanicum]
<Options>: A: ancylostomatidae
B: ancylostoma ceylanicum
C: ancylis sp. a
D: ancylocaris
E: ancylus sp. e1.2
F: ancylostoma
G: ancylis diminuatana (aka ancylis diminutana)
H: ancylostoma braziliense
I: dog hookworm (aka ancylostoma caninum)
J: None of the above. | [I; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In a recent study, Brand and Hawdon [68] were able to inhibit (with a phosphoinositide-3-OH-kinase inhibitor) the activation of infective L3s of both of the hookworms Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma ceylanicum via the insulin signaling pathway, thus lending some credence to the hypothesis that this pathway plays an critical role in regulating the transition from the free-living to the parasitic stage [68].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ancylostoma caninum; ancylostoma ceylanicum]
<Options>: A: ancylus sp. e1.1
B: ancylostoma caninum (dog hookworm) (aka ancylostoma caninum)
C: ancylostoma ceylanicum
D: ancylocnemis
E: ancylocaris
F: ancyla asiatica
G: ancylus sp. l1.3
H: ancylis diminuatana (aka ancylis diminutana)
I: ancylus sp. e1.3
J: ancyloscelis
K: None of the above. | [B; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recently, it has been proposed that transcriptional and feeding responses to serum-stimulation in Ancylostoma caninum are regulated by parallel systems, with the insulin signaling pathway playing a significant role in the ‘resumption of feeding’ in activated larvae [69].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ancylostoma caninum]
<Options>: A: ancylostoma braziliense
B: ancylus
C: ancylostoma cf. caninum
D: dog hookworm (aka ancylostoma caninum)
E: ancyloscelis
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As already proposed for adult stages of H. contortus', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [h. contortus]
<Options>: A: haemonchus contortus (red stomach worm) (aka haemonchus contortus)
B: unclassified haemonchus
C: haemonchus similis
D: schistonchus
E: haemonchus contortus x haemonchus placei
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Other protein kinases, such as PEPCK, and phosphatases, were shown herein to be transcribed at high levels in the L3 stage compared with other developmental stages of A. suum (see Table 2), which is in accordance to findings reported recently for Anisakis simplex [65].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum; anisakis simplex]
<Options>: A: actinobacillus suis
B: anisakis sp. laig
C: anisakis simplex complex
D: maratus suae
E: anisakis sp. ae1
F: anisakis sp. ae3
G: suarius
H: ascaris simplex (aka anisakis simplex)
I: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
J: aerococcus suis
K: None of the above. | [K; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Other protein kinases, such as PEPCK, and phosphatases, were shown herein to be transcribed at high levels in the L3 stage compared with other developmental stages of A. suum (see Table 2), which is in accordance to findings reported recently for Anisakis simplex [65].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum; anisakis simplex]
<Options>: A: aerococcus suis
B: suarius
C: anisakis sp. laig
D: actinobacillus suis
E: anisakis simplex complex
F: anisakis sp. ae3
G: anisakis sp. ae1
H: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
I: maratus suae
J: None of the above. | [J; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Other protein kinases, such as PEPCK, and phosphatases, were shown herein to be transcribed at high levels in the L3 stage compared with other developmental stages of A. suum (see Table 2), which is in accordance to findings reported recently for Anisakis simplex [65].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum; anisakis simplex]
<Options>: A: anisakis sp. i ss-2016
B: anisakis sp. rah-2012
C: suarius
D: aerococcus suis
E: maratus suae
F: herring worm (aka anisakis simplex)
G: suidae (pigs (aka suidae))
H: actinobacillus suis
I: anisakis sp. laig
J: anisakis sp. ca-2012
K: None of the above. | [K; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In conclusion, this study has given some interesting insights into early molecular processes in the L3 of A. suum.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
B: aerococcus suis
C: suillus suilloides (gastroboletus suilloides) (aka suillus suilloides)
D: suarius
E: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Approximately 60% of the transcripts enriched in the L3 stage of A. suum have homologues/orthologues in C. elegans.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum; c. elegans]
<Options>: A: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
B: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
D: suaeda fruticosa mult. auct. (aka suaeda vera)
E: uronema elegans
F: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
G: paracoccus suum
H: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
I: suarius
J: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
K: None of the above. | [K; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Approximately 60% of the transcripts enriched in the L3 stage of A. suum have homologues/orthologues in C. elegans.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum; c. elegans]
<Options>: A: suarius
B: suillia
C: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
E: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
F: aerococcus suis
G: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
H: bactris elegans
I: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
J: suiformes (aka suina)
K: None of the above. | [K; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The bioinformatic analyses of selected molecules suggest that a complex genetic network regulates or controls larval growth and development in A. suum L3s, and some of these might be involved in or regulate the switch from the free-living to the parasitic stage.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: suaeda vera (suaeda fruticosa mult. auct.) (aka suaeda vera)
B: actinomyces suis (aka actinobaculum suis)
C: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
D: suaeda salsa (suaeda maritima subsp. salsa) (aka suaeda salsa)
E: suillus
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Some caution is warranted in drawing conclusions regarding molecular mechanisms regulating the transition to parasitism in parasitic nematodes from information on C. elegans, as latter is a free-living nematode.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans]
<Options>: A: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
B: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
C: myzomyia elegans (aka anopheles elegans)
D: theocolax elegans
E: caromyxa elegans (aka mutinus elegans)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The imminent genome sequence of A. suum (http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/Helminths/) should all assist in this endeavour.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [a. suum]
<Options>: A: actinobacillus suis
B: suillia
C: suillus indicus (suillus indica) (aka suillus indicus)
D: maratus suae
E: pigs (aka suidae) (aka suidae)
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Initial manifestations experienced by the patient, possibly due to obstruction, and including mild abdominal pain and nausea, occurred on the third day postoperatively.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: theraps
B: humans (aka homo)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: species
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Case presentation
An 80-year-old man was found to have early gastric cancer during his yearly check-up by gastrointestinal endoscopy.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [man]
<Options>: A: mammals (aka mammalia)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: probles
D: birds (aka aves)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Postoperatively, the patient complained of an acidic feeling in his stomach; however, there were no remarkable abnormalities on biochemical examination of serum.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: data
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: species
D: cancer
E: other (aka unidentified)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, on day 4, the patient started to complain of upper abdominal pain and developed a high grade fever (38°C).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: this
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: kingdom
D: data
E: proxys
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The patient remained in the intensive care unit for 5 days after re-operation, and was then transferred to the general ward.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: this
D: isolate
E: cancer
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Indeed, Kolata demonstrated that the wounds made by the non-bladed trocar were narrower than those created by cutting tip trocars in a pig experimental model [4].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pig]
<Options>: A: wild boar (aka sus scrofa)
B: domestic pig (aka sus scrofa domesticus)
C: boars (aka suidae)
D: guinea pig (aka cavia porcellus)
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, it is sometimes difficult to completely close the defect, including the peritoneum, especially in obese patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: this
D: cancer
E: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Moreover, special attention should be paid in patients with risk factors for port site hernia such as obesity, aggressive manipulation through the port sites, and prolonged surgery.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: goes
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: humans (aka homo)
E: subsection
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Careful management of the postoperative course is recommended especially for patients with risk factors such as obesity and extensive manipulation of the trocar during prolonged surgical duration.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: this
B: circe
C: goes
D: aides
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Consent
Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: kingdom
B: theraps
C: this
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: circe
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Consent
Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: this
B: theraps
C: circe
D: kingdom
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previously, we reported that some SSRIs possess high to moderate affinities for sigma-1 receptors in the rat brain.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rat]
<Options>: A: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
B: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
C: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
D: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
E: rattus norvegicus albus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recently, we reported that fluvoxamine, but not paroxetine, significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits in mice after repeated phencyclidine administration, and that the effects of fluvoxamine were antagonized by co-administration of the selective sigma-1 receptor antagonist NE-100', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice]
<Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: peromyscus
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cell culture
PC12 sells (RIKEN Cell Bank, Tsukuba, Japan) were cultured at 37°C, 5% CO2 with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10% heat-inactivated horse serum, and 1% penicillin.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine; horse]
<Options>: A: equus sp.
B: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
C: bovidae
D: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
E: boveria
F: horses (aka equidae)
G: eques
H: equus przewalskii (equus caballus przewalskii) (aka equus przewalskii)
I: bovinae
J: domestic horse (aka equus caballus)
K: None of the above. | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cell culture
PC12 sells (RIKEN Cell Bank, Tsukuba, Japan) were cultured at 37°C, 5% CO2 with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10% heat-inactivated horse serum, and 1% penicillin.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine; horse]
<Options>: A: bos sp.
B: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
C: equetus
D: equus africanus (aka equus asinus africanus)
E: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
F: equus przewalskii (equus caballus przewalskii) (aka equus przewalskii)
G: horses (aka equidae)
H: equine (aka equus caballus)
I: boveria
J: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
K: None of the above. | [J; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunocytochemistry
Cells were fixed for 30 min at room temperature with 4% paraformaldehyde then permeabilized with 0.2% Triton and blocked with 1.5% normal goat serum, 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in 0.1 M phosphate-buffer saline for 1 h to reduce nonspecific binding.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [goat; bovine]
<Options>: A: sueus
B: goats (aka capra hircus)
C: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
D: bovidae
E: capneidae
F: capraita
G: bos taurus (bos primigenius taurus) (aka bos taurus)
H: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
I: boveria
J: caponia
K: None of the above. | [B; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunocytochemistry
Cells were fixed for 30 min at room temperature with 4% paraformaldehyde then permeabilized with 0.2% Triton and blocked with 1.5% normal goat serum, 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in 0.1 M phosphate-buffer saline for 1 h to reduce nonspecific binding.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [goat; bovine]
<Options>: A: capreolus
B: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
C: capraita
D: bovinae
E: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
F: bovidae
G: capneidae
H: capra cretica (aka capra hircus cretica)
I: bos sp.
J: capra aegagrus hircus (aka capra hircus)
K: None of the above. | [J; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Immunocytochemistry
Cells were fixed for 30 min at room temperature with 4% paraformaldehyde then permeabilized with 0.2% Triton and blocked with 1.5% normal goat serum, 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in 0.1 M phosphate-buffer saline for 1 h to reduce nonspecific binding.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [goat; bovine]
<Options>: A: capreolus
B: capra aegagrus hircus (aka capra hircus)
C: capraita
D: capneidae
E: capra cretica (aka capra hircus cretica)
F: bos sp.
G: bovinae
H: bovidae
I: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
J: None of the above. | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our recent positron emission tomography (PET) study demonstrated that, after a single oral administration, fluvoxamine bound to sigma-1 receptors in the living human brain [45].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: probles
B: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: genus
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This finding suggests that sigma-1 receptors are involved in the mechanism of action of fluvoxamine in the human brain [45].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: birds (aka aves)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: primate (aka primates)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Alexithymia and anxiety in female chronic pain patients
Abstract
Objectives
Alexithymia is highly prevalent among chronic pain patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: probles
C: goes
D: this
E: subsection
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of alexithymia and to determine anxiety levels among DSM-IV somatoform pain disorder (chronic pain) female patients and to examine the relationship between alexithymia and the self-reporting of pain.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: cancer
C: goes
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thirty seven healthy females (mean age: 34,46 ± 7,43 years), who matched for sociodemographic features with the patient group, consisted the control group.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: this
C: cancer
D: isolate
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A sociodemographic data form, 26-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-26), Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were administered to each subject and information was obtained on several aspects of the patients' pain, including intensity (measured by VAS), and duration.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: kingdom
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: cancer
D: subsection
E: species
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Chronic pain patients were found significantly more alexithymic than controls.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: subsection
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: cancer
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Neither positive correlation nor significant difference was found between alexithymia and trait anxiety in pain patients.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: goes
D: species
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Several studies have found a high prevalence of alexithymia in pain patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: species
C: theraps
D: genus
E: subsection
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chronic pain patients frequently exhibit many of the core features of alexithymia, such as problems in identifying and describing subjective feelings, impoverished imaginative abilities, and excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms and external events.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: circe
B: this
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: genus
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chronic pain patients frequently exhibit many of the core features of alexithymia, such as problems in identifying and describing subjective feelings, impoverished imaginative abilities, and excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms and external events.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: circe
B: this
C: kingdom
D: genus
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although several studies have found a high prevalence of alexithymia in pain patients, the way alexithymia may possibly influence pain experience is still unclear [12,13].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: this
B: kingdom
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: genus
E: theraps
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In chronic pain disorder, patients complain of chronic pain, for which no physical etiology could be found or the underlying disorder is insufficient in explaining the symptoms.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: humans (aka homo)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: goes
D: kingdom
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The alexithymic person's difficulty in identifying and describing feelings may increase symptom reporting by several mechanisms.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [person]
<Options>: A: birds (aka aves)
B: species
C: kingdom
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: animals (aka metazoa)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Accordingly, previous studies have found evidence of an association between alexithymia and the development of functional somatic symptoms, as seen in patients with somatoform disorders.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: humans (aka homo)
B: subsection
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of alexithymia among DSM-IV somatoform pain disorder (chronic pain) female patients and to examine the relationship between alexithymia and the self-reporting of pain in this group of patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: species
C: aides
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Besides, the study searched for the anxiety levels of chronic pain patients with or without alexithymia.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: circe
B: cancer
C: theraps
D: goes
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Patients with concomitant psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, anxiety disorders and somatoform disorders other than pain disorder were excluded.
Patients either directly applied to the psychiatry clinic themselves or were referred for psychiatric assessment from another outpatient clinic, mainly physical medicine and rehabilitation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: aides
C: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
D: circe
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The mean age of the patients and the healthy controls was 34,63 ± 10,62 (range: 16–62) and 34,46 ± 7,43 (range: 22–57) years and the educational level was 6,13 ± 3,03 (range: 5–11) and', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: cancer
D: probles
E: species
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All participants were applied Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [participants]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: avian (aka aves)
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: cohort
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Regarding the pain assessment, information was first obtained on several aspects of the patients' pain, such as intensity, and duration.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: this
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: humans (aka homo)
D: circe
E: probles
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Regarding the pain assessment, information was first obtained on several aspects of the patients' pain, such as intensity, and duration.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: this
B: circe
C: probles
D: humans (aka homo)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'VAS is scored by measuring the distance from the end of the scale indicating absence of pain (or no distress or no pain relief) to the place marked by the patient', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: data
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: goes
D: isolate
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
In the chronic pain group, 56.7% of patients (n = 17) had a score greater than 11 on the TAS-26, and were considered alexithymic.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: species
C: kingdom
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the control group, 24,3% of patients (n = 9) were alexithymic according to TAS-26.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: circe
D: probles
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The duration and severity of pain, TAS-26 scores, and STAI scores of the female pain patients are shown in Table 2.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: species
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: aides
E: circe
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First, chronic pain patients were found significantly more alexithymic than controls (56,7% to 24,3%).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: cancer
D: probles
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Third, neither positive correlation nor significant difference was found between alexithymia and trait anxiety in pain patients.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: kingdom
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: goes
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
The results of the present study suggest that patients with chronic pain disorder are more alexithymic than individuals with no pain.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: goes
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: suborder
D: cancer
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There were no significant differences between alexithymic and nonalexitymic patients on self reports of current pain severity.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: probles
B: suborder
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: genus
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[1994] in which it was further pointed out that alexithymic patients were found to use significantly more verbal descriptors of pain compared to nonalexithymic patients', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: genus
C: circe
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Pain is a subjective experience and each patient may communicate in a different way, verbally or nonverbally [29].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: this
B: kingdom
C: other (aka unidentified)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: proxys
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Pain is a subjective experience and each patient may communicate in a different way, verbally or nonverbally [29].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: proxys
B: this
C: other (aka unidentified)
D: kingdom
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Patients in this sample were sufferers of chronic pain, who had already chosen an approved way of expressing their distress.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: kingdom
B: genus
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The duration of the patients' pain could approximately be determined, yet the preexisting level of alexithymia was not known.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
C: theraps
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the usual absence of internal stimuli, alexithymic person may be expected to maintain an external focus of attention, such as pain.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [person]
<Options>: A: homo (humans) (aka homo)
B: subsection
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: species
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Symptom chronicity may force the alexithymic person to attent to and amplify this somatic sensation.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [person]
<Options>: A: kingdom
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: subsection
D: suborder
E: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, alexithymic patients might be expected to differ from nonalexithymic ones in their anxiety levels.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: aides
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: theraps
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Yet, in our pain group alexithymic patients showed no significant difference from the nonalexithymics on trait anxiety.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: circe
C: genus
D: theraps
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The reasons may be lying in the specific characteristics of this patient group itself.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: theraps
B: aides
C: species
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: data
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The study included patients suffering from chronic symptoms; with an average of 7,44 ± 6,82 years of pain in the alexithymic and 3,31 ± 2,79 years in the nonalexithymic groups.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: probles
B: suborder
C: kingdom
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: cancer
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is not known whether it should be addressed in the treatment of pain patients, but a high level of alexithymia may effect the nature of assessment.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: genus
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: this
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'SuperCAT: a supertree database for combined and integrative multilocus sequence typing analysis of the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria (including B. cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis)
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. cereus; b. anthracis; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus endorhythmos (aka bacillus cereus)
B: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
C: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
D: bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis (bacillus thuringiensis subsp. nigeriensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis)
E: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
F: bacillus thuringiensis serovar thailandensis
G: bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
H: bacillus cereus var. anthracis (aka bacillus anthracis)
I: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
J: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
K: anthrax
L: bacillus cereus group
M: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
N: bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki (bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. kurstaki)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki)
O: bacillus cereus group sp.
P: 'mycobacterium anthracenicum' (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
Q: bacillus anthracis (strain sterne) (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
R: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
S: None of the above. | [L; A; H; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'SuperCAT: a supertree database for combined and integrative multilocus sequence typing analysis of the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria (including B. cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis)
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. cereus; b. anthracis; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
B: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis ci (aka bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. ci)
C: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
D: bacillus thuringiensis serovar thailandensis
E: bacillus thuringiensis gv. cytolyticus
F: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
G: bacillus toyonensis biovar thuringiensis
H: bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
I: bacillus cereus group sp.
J: bacillus endorhythmos (aka bacillus cereus)
K: bacillus anthracis str. ames ancestor (aka bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor')
L: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
M: bacillus anthracis ames (aka bacillus anthracis str. ames)
N: bacillus (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
O: bacillus cereus group
P: bacillus thuringiensis (bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
Q: bacillus cereus strain atcc 10987 (aka bacillus cereus atcc 10987)
R: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
S: unclassified bacillus cereus group
T: None of the above. | [O; J; F; P] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'SuperCAT: a supertree database for combined and integrative multilocus sequence typing analysis of the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria (including B. cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis)
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. cereus; b. anthracis; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus thuringiensis (bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
B: chromobacterium group
C: bacillus cereus group
D: bacillus cereus group sp.
E: bacillus anthracis (strain sterne) (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
F: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
G: bacillus cereus str. f (aka bacillus cereus f)
H: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
I: anthrax (aka bacillus anthracis)
J: bacillus/lactobacillus/streptococcus group (aka bacilli)
K: bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
L: bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus cereus)
M: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
N: bacillus anthracis strain 'ames ancestor' (aka bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor')
O: bacillus subtilis group sp.
P: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
Q: bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki (bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. kurstaki)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki)
R: 'mycobacterium anthracenicum' (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
S: bacillus toyonensis biovar thuringiensis
T: anthracus
U: None of the above. | [C; L; I; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'SuperCAT: a supertree database for combined and integrative multilocus sequence typing analysis of the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria (including B. cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis)
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. cereus; b. anthracis; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus anthracis sterne (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
B: bacillus cereus group
C: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
D: bacillus endorhythmos (aka bacillus cereus)
E: 'mycobacterium anthracenicum' (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
F: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
G: bacillus cereus group sp.
H: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
I: anthrax bacterium (aka bacillus anthracis)
J: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
K: bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
L: bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor' (bacillus anthracis strain 'ames ancestor') (aka bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor')
M: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
N: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
O: chromobacterium group
P: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
Q: lycoriella thuringiensis
R: bacillus toyonensis biovar thuringiensis
S: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
T: None of the above. | [B; D; I; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is an important group including mammalian and insect pathogens, such as B. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, B. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and B. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: anthrax
C: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
D: bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
E: platypeza anthrax
F: lycoriella thuringiensis
G: anthrax anthrax (musca anthrax) (aka anthrax anthrax)
H: bacillus anthracis str. ames ancestor (aka bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor')
I: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
J: bacillus/lactobacillus/streptococcus group (aka bacilli)
K: bacillus (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
L: anthriscus
M: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
N: anthracus
O: bacillus thuringiensis serovar thailandensis
P: unclassified anthrax
Q: anthrax bacterium (aka bacillus anthracis)
R: bacillus cereus group sp.
S: bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis (bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasiliensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis)
T: None of the above. | [A; Q; Q; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is an important group including mammalian and insect pathogens, such as B. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, B. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and B. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
B: bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis (bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis) (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
C: unclassified bacillus cereus group
D: bacillus/lactobacillus/streptococcus group (aka bacilli)
E: anthrax irroratus
F: anthriscus
G: platypeza anthrax
H: bacillus cereus group sp.
I: bacillus thuringiensis (bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
J: anthrax
K: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
L: bacillus anthracis ames "ancestor" (aka bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor')
M: bacillus thuringiensis gv. cytolyticus
N: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
O: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
P: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
Q: bacillus cereus group
R: bacillus thuringiensis subsp. nigeriensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis)
S: bacillus anthracis (strain sterne) (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
T: None of the above. | [Q; N; N; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is an important group including mammalian and insect pathogens, such as B. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, B. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and B. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: anthrax irroratus
B: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
C: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
D: anthribus
E: bacillus anthracis ames "ancestor" (aka bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor')
F: anthrenus
G: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
H: bacillus cereus group sp.
I: bacillus thuringiensis gv. cytolyticus
J: 'mycobacterium anthracenicum' (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
K: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
L: anthrax subgroup
M: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
N: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
O: bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
P: unclassified bacillus cereus group
Q: bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis (bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasiliensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis)
R: bacillus anthracis (strain ames) (aka bacillus anthracis str. ames)
S: bacillus cereus group
T: None of the above. | [S; M; M; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is an important group including mammalian and insect pathogens, such as B. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, B. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and B. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bacillus cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: unclassified bacillus cereus group
B: bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis (bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasiliensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis)
C: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis ci (aka bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. ci)
D: bacillus cereus group
E: bacillus anthracis ames (aka bacillus anthracis str. ames)
F: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
G: bacillus thuringiensis gv. cytolyticus
H: anthrax subgroup
I: bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
J: anthrax irroratus
K: anthriscus
L: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
M: bacillus cereus str. f (aka bacillus cereus f)
N: bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
O: anthrax
P: platypeza anthrax
Q: bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus cereus)
R: anthrax bacterium (aka bacillus anthracis)
S: lycoriella thuringiensis
T: None of the above. | [D; R; R; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is an important group including mammalian and insect pathogens, such as B. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, B. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and B. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
B: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
C: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
D: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
E: bacillus cereus group sp.
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, we have developed a database that compiles and integrates MLST data from all five schemes for the B. cereus group, accessible at http://mlstoslo.uio.no/. Supertree techniques were used to combine the phylogenetic information from analysis of all schemes and datasets, in order to produce an integrated view of the B. cereus group population.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
C: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
D: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
E: unclassified bacillus cereus group
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [neisseria meningitidis; streptococcus pneumoniae; streptococcus pyogenes; haemophilus influenzae]
<Options>: A: klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae
B: streptococcus
C: diplococcus pneumoniae (aka streptococcus pneumoniae)
D: bacillus pneumoniae (aka klebsiella pneumoniae)
E: micrococcus pyogenes (aka staphylococcus aureus)
F: neisseria meningitidis (serogroup c) (aka neisseria meningitidis serogroup c)
G: streptococcus infantis
H: haemophilus sp.
I: neisseria meningitidis (serogroup a) (aka neisseria meningitidis serogroup a)
J: haemophilus taxon c (haemophilus sp. (strain taxon c)) (aka haemophilus taxon c)
K: neisseria meningitidis serogroup z
L: gonococcus neisseri (aka neisseria gonorrhoeae)
M: histophilus somni (haemophilus somnifer) (aka histophilus somni)
N: haemophilus haemolyticus (bacillus x) (aka haemophilus haemolyticus)
O: micrococcus pneumoniae (aka streptococcus pneumoniae)
P: streptococcus pyogenes (streptococcus erysipelatos) (aka streptococcus pyogenes)
Q: streptococcus oralis (streptococcus oralis bridge and sneath 1982) (aka streptococcus oralis)
R: micrococcus meningitidis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
S: mycobacterium influenzae (aka haemophilus influenzae)
T: streptococcus parapneumoniae
U: None of the above. | [R; C; P; S] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [neisseria meningitidis; streptococcus pneumoniae; streptococcus pyogenes; haemophilus influenzae]
<Options>: A: streptococcus uberis
B: pneumoviridae (pneumovirinae) (aka pneumoviridae)
C: neisseria meningitidis serogroup y
D: streptococcus erysipelatos (aka streptococcus pyogenes)
E: neisseria meningitidis str. nmb (aka neisseria meningitidis nmb)
F: streptococcus mitis
G: histophilus somni (haemophilus somnifer) (aka histophilus somni)
H: haemophilus parahaemolyticus
I: micrococcus meningitidis cerebrospinalis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
J: streptococcus ovis
K: micrococcus gonorrhoeae (aka neisseria gonorrhoeae)
L: neisseriaceae bacterium
M: influenza-bacillus (aka haemophilus influenzae)
N: streptococcus
O: diplococcus pneumoniae (aka streptococcus pneumoniae)
P: 'streptococcus pasteuri' (aka streptococcus pasteuri)
Q: haemophilus haemolyticus (bacillus x) (aka haemophilus haemolyticus)
R: haemophilus ducreyi (aka [haemophilus] ducreyi)
S: None of the above. | [I; O; D; M] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [neisseria meningitidis; streptococcus pneumoniae; streptococcus pyogenes; haemophilus influenzae]
<Options>: A: streptococcus mitis
B: streptococcus ovis
C: haemophilus parahaemolyticus
D: haemophilus sp.
E: haemophilus ducreyi (aka [haemophilus] ducreyi)
F: streptococcus pyogenes (streptococcus erysipelatos) (aka streptococcus pyogenes)
G: pneumoviridae (pneumovirinae) (aka pneumoviridae)
H: streptococcus mutans
I: neisseria meningitidis serogroup y
J: neisseria meningitidis strain nmb (aka neisseria meningitidis nmb)
K: neisseria lactamicus (aka neisseria lactamica)
L: bacterium influenzae (aka haemophilus influenzae)
M: micrococcus meningitidis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
N: streptococcus pneumoniae (diplococcus pneumoniae) (aka streptococcus pneumoniae)
O: klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae
P: neisseria meningitidis (serogroup a) (aka neisseria meningitidis serogroup a)
Q: streptococcus uberis
R: haemophilus ovis (aka histophilus somni)
S: streptococcus
T: streptococcus pasteuri ('streptococcus pasteuri') (aka streptococcus pasteuri)
U: None of the above. | [M; N; F; L] |
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