instruction stringlengths 225 2.35k | input stringlengths 89 1.5k | response stringclasses 698 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [neisseria meningitidis; streptococcus pneumoniae; streptococcus pyogenes; haemophilus influenzae]
<Options>: A: gonococcus neisseri (aka neisseria gonorrhoeae)
B: mycobacterium influenzae (aka haemophilus influenzae)
C: haemobacillus
D: neisseria meningitidis serogroup y
E: micrococcus pneumoniae (aka streptococcus pneumoniae)
F: neisseria meningitidis strain nmb (aka neisseria meningitidis nmb)
G: histophilus somni (haemophilus somnifer) (aka histophilus somni)
H: streptococcus pyogenes (streptococcus erysipelatos) (aka streptococcus pyogenes)
I: streptococcus sp. (group b) (aka streptococcus sp. 'group b')
J: streptococcus
K: micrococcus meningitidis (aka neisseria meningitidis)
L: haemophilus parahaemolyticus
M: haemophilus bovis (aka moraxella bovis)
N: streptococcus sanguinis
O: pneumovirinae (aka pneumoviridae)
P: streptococcus parapneumoniae
Q: neisseria meningitidis serogroup b (neisseria meningitidis (serogroup b)) (aka neisseria meningitidis serogroup b)
R: streptococcus parasuis
S: streptococcus mitis
T: streptococcus pseudopneumoniae
U: None of the above. | [K; E; H; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [staphylococcus aureus; campylobacter jejuni; enterococcus faecium; burkholderia pseudomallei]
<Options>: A: enterococcus faecium (streptococcus faecium) (aka enterococcus faecium)
B: vibrio jejuni (aka campylobacter jejuni)
C: 'staphylococcus faecalis' (aka staphylococcus faecalis)
D: burkholderia pseudomallei (loefflerella pseudomallei) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 1798
F: burkholderia pseudomallei cs (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cs) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cs)
G: staphylococcus epidermidis (staphylococcus epidermidis albus) (aka staphylococcus epidermidis)
H: campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni strain nw (aka campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni nw)
I: burkholderia pseudomallei os (burkholderia pseudomallei strain os) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei os)
J: enterococcus plantarum
K: staphylococcus simulans staphylolyticus (aka staphylococcus simulans bv. staphylolyticus)
L: campylobacter hominis (candidatus campylobacter hominis) (aka campylobacter hominis)
M: campylobacter sp.
N: staphylococcus aureus (staphylococcus aureus subsp. anaerobius) (aka staphylococcus aureus)
O: burkholderia pseudomallei (ara+ biotype) (burkholderia siamensis) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei (ara+ biotype))
P: staphylococcus sp. s
Q: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0007
R: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0065
S: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0021
T: burkholderia pseudomallei b03
U: None of the above. | [N; B; A; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [staphylococcus aureus; campylobacter jejuni; enterococcus faecium; burkholderia pseudomallei]
<Options>: A: campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 1798
B: staphylococcus epidermidis (staphylococcus epidermidis albus) (aka staphylococcus epidermidis)
C: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0007
D: campylobacter sp.
E: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
F: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0051
G: staphylococcus sp. s
H: burkholderia pseudomallei (ara+ biotype) (burkholderia siamensis) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei (ara+ biotype))
I: burkholderia pseudomallei cs (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cs) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cs)
J: campylobacter jejuni (campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni) (aka campylobacter jejuni)
K: campylobacter pylori (aka helicobacter pylori)
L: streptococcus faecium (aka enterococcus faecium)
M: enterococcus
N: staphylococcus faecalis ('staphylococcus faecalis') (aka staphylococcus faecalis)
O: burkholderia pseudomallei 6(1960)
P: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0055
Q: staphylococcus (aurococcus) (aka staphylococcus)
R: micrococcus aureus (aka staphylococcus aureus)
S: burkholderia pseudomallei 5(1949)
T: campylobacter-like bacterium
U: None of the above. | [R; J; L; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [staphylococcus aureus; campylobacter jejuni; enterococcus faecium; burkholderia pseudomallei]
<Options>: A: staphylococcus epidermidis (staphylococcus epidermidis albus) (aka staphylococcus epidermidis)
B: campylobacter jejuni x
C: campylobacter-like bacterium
D: campylobacter hominis (candidatus campylobacter hominis) (aka campylobacter hominis)
E: burkholderia pseudomallei-like species (aka burkholderia thailandensis)
F: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0055
G: burkholderia pseudomallei dl2
H: burkholderia pseudomallei cs (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cs) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cs)
I: aurococcus (aka staphylococcus)
J: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0095
K: enterococcus
L: vibrio jejuni (aka campylobacter jejuni)
M: bacillus pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
N: burkholderia pseudomallei cms (burkholderia pseudomallei strain cms) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei cms)
O: staphylococcus sp. s
P: campylobacter suis
Q: micrococcus aureus (aka staphylococcus aureus)
R: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0029
S: 'staphylococcus faecalis' (aka staphylococcus faecalis)
T: enterococcus faecium (streptococcus faecium) (aka enterococcus faecium)
U: None of the above. | [Q; L; T; M] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [staphylococcus aureus; campylobacter jejuni; enterococcus faecium; burkholderia pseudomallei]
<Options>: A: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0080
B: burkholderia pseudomallei 5(1949)
C: staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus col (staphylococcus aureus col) (aka staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus col)
D: campylobacter pylori (aka helicobacter pylori)
E: campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni (aka campylobacter jejuni)
F: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0065
G: campylobacter jejuni jejuni (aka campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni)
H: campylobacter coli (campylobacter hyoilei) (aka campylobacter coli)
I: burkholderia pseudomallei (ara+ biotype) (burkholderia siamensis) (aka burkholderia pseudomallei (ara+ biotype))
J: staphylococcus epidermidis (staphylococcus epidermidis albus) (aka staphylococcus epidermidis)
K: enterococcus faecium e155
L: staphylococcus sp. s
M: enterococcus faecium ef_aus0055
N: enterococcus faecium (streptococcus faecium) (aka enterococcus faecium)
O: micrococcus aureus (aka staphylococcus aureus)
P: burkholderia pseudomallei bdu 2
Q: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
R: campylobacter
S: staphylococcus faecalis ('staphylococcus faecalis') (aka staphylococcus faecalis)
T: burkholderia pseudomallei dl2
U: None of the above. | [O; E; N; Q] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; salmonella enterica; bacillus cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: bacillus subtilis group sp.
C: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis)
E: escherichia coli 1a
F: escherichia sp.
G: salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (salmonella cholerae-suis subsp. cholerae-suis) (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica)
H: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
I: salmonella choleraesuis (aka salmonella enterica)
J: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
K: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
L: escherichia phage
M: salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum)
N: salmonella
O: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
P: None of the above. | [C; I; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; salmonella enterica; bacillus cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: enterobacteriales (aka enterobacterales)
C: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
E: salmonella choleraesuis (aka salmonella enterica)
F: bacteria (ex cavalier-smith 1987) (aka bacteria)
G: salmonella choleraesuis serotype typhimurium (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium)
H: salmonella sp.
I: salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum)
J: bacillus cereus str. f (aka bacillus cereus f)
K: chromobacterium group
L: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
M: bacillus cereus group sp.
N: salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortus (salmonella abortus) (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortus)
O: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
P: None of the above. | [C; E; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the initial development of this technique for Neisseria meningitidis in 1998, MLST schemes have been developed for about 30 species including some of the most important bacterial pathogens, e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and the Bacillus cereus group (see (1) for a recent review).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; salmonella enterica; bacillus cereus group]
<Options>: A: salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis)
B: escherichia coli 1a
C: bacteria (ex cavalier-smith 1987) (aka bacteria)
D: bacillus/lactobacillus/streptococcus group (aka bacilli)
E: salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium)
F: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
G: escherichia
H: salmonella sp.
I: salmonella cholerae-suis (aka salmonella enterica)
J: bacillus cereus group
K: chromobacterium group
L: salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortus (salmonella abortus) (aka salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortus)
M: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
N: escherichia phage
O: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
P: None of the above. | [F; I; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. cereus]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
B: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
C: anthribus
D: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis ci (aka bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. ci)
E: bacillus cereus strain f (aka bacillus cereus f)
F: anthrax (aka bacillus anthracis)
G: anthreptes
H: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
I: chromobacterium group
J: bacillus subtilis group
K: anthrax
L: bacillus anthracis sterne (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
M: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
N: bacillus cereus group
O: bacillus cereus (strain atcc 14579 / dsm 31) (aka bacillus cereus atcc 14579)
P: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
Q: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
R: anthriscus
S: None of the above. | [N; F; F; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. cereus]
<Options>: A: bacillus anthracis ames (aka bacillus anthracis str. ames)
B: anthribus
C: bacillus cereus group
D: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
E: bacillus anthracis sterne (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
F: chromobacterium group
G: bacillus cereus group sp.
H: bacillus cereus (strain atcc 14579 / dsm 31) (aka bacillus cereus atcc 14579)
I: anthriscus
J: anthribola
K: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
L: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
M: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
N: anthrax (aka bacillus anthracis)
O: bacillus anthracis str. ames ancestor (aka bacillus anthracis str. 'ames ancestor')
P: pseudolithoxus anthrax (lasiancistrus anthrax) (aka pseudolithoxus anthrax)
Q: anthracus
R: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
S: None of the above. | [C; N; N; L] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. cereus]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus strain f (aka bacillus cereus f)
B: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
C: unclassified bacillus cereus group
D: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
E: unclassified anthrax
F: bacillus cereus (strain atcc 14579 / dsm 31) (aka bacillus cereus atcc 14579)
G: bacillus anthracis (strain ames) (aka bacillus anthracis str. ames)
H: anthrenus
I: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
J: anthrax subgroup
K: anthrax
L: anthribola
M: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
N: bacillus endorhythmos (aka bacillus cereus)
O: bacillus cereus group
P: bacillus anthracis sterne (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
Q: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
R: bacteridium anthracis (aka bacillus anthracis)
S: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
T: None of the above. | [O; R; R; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. cereus]
<Options>: A: platypeza anthrax
B: bacillus subtilis group sp.
C: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
D: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
E: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
F: anthrax
G: 'mycobacterium anthracenicum' (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
H: bacillus cereus var. anthracis (aka bacillus anthracis)
I: bacillus cereus group
J: anthreptes
K: bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus cereus)
L: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
M: bacillus anthracis sterne (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
N: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
O: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
P: lasiancistrus anthrax (aka pseudolithoxus anthrax)
Q: anthracus
R: unclassified bacillus cereus group
S: None of the above. | [I; N; N; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group; b. anthracis; anthrax; b. cereus]
<Options>: A: lasiancistrus anthrax (aka pseudolithoxus anthrax)
B: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
C: anthrax
D: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
E: 'mycobacterium anthracenicum' (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
F: anthracus
G: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
H: bacillus cereus var. anthracis (aka bacillus anthracis)
I: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
J: anthreptes
K: bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus cereus)
L: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
M: bacillus subtilis group sp.
N: unclassified bacillus cereus group
O: platypeza anthrax
P: bacillus anthracis sterne (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
Q: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
R: None of the above. | [R; D; D; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; b. thuringiensis; b. weihenstephanensis]
<Options>: A: lycoriella thuringiensis
B: bacillus weihaiensis
C: steccherinum weishanense
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: luteimonas weifangensis (aka cognatiluteimonas weifangensis)
G: genus
H: species
I: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
J: bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki)
K: this
L: bacillus weihenstephanensis dsm 11821 (aka bacillus mycoides nbrc 101238 = dsm 11821)
M: bacillus thuringiensis serovar thailandensis
N: bacillus weihenstephanensis (aka bacillus mycoides)
O: bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
P: None of the above. | [E; I; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; b. thuringiensis; b. weihenstephanensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki)
B: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
C: bacillus weihenstephanensis dsm 11821 (aka bacillus mycoides nbrc 101238 = dsm 11821)
D: bacillus weihenstephanensis (aka bacillus mycoides)
E: lycoriella thuringiensis
F: animals (aka metazoa)
G: genus
H: helicobacter kumamotonensis
I: henneguya weishanensis
J: biota (aka cellular organisms)
K: bacillus toyonensis biovar thuringiensis
L: bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
M: bacillus thuringiensis var. wuhanensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar wuhanensis)
N: probles
O: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
P: None of the above. | [O; B; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The B. cereus group includes bacterial species that are of medical and/or economic importance, such as B. anthracis, an obligate mammalian pathogen causing the lethal disease anthrax, B. cereus, an opportunistic human pathogen involved in food-poisoning incidents and contaminations in hospitals, B. thuringiensis, an insect pathogen and one of the world's most widely used biopesticide and B. weihenstephanensis, a cold-tolerant species known for contaminating dairies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; b. thuringiensis; b. weihenstephanensis]
<Options>: A: probles
B: spongicoloides weijiaensis
C: bacillus weihaiensis
D: bacillus thuringiensis subsp. nigeriensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis)
E: bacillus thuringiensis gv. cytolyticus
F: biota (aka cellular organisms)
G: bacillus weihenstephanensis (aka bacillus mycoides)
H: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
I: pseudomonas weihenstephanensis
J: bacillus thuringiensis (bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
K: henneguya weishanensis
L: animals (aka metazoa)
M: bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
N: genus
O: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
P: None of the above. | [H; J; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Unlike other bacterial species that are typed using a single MLST scheme, five separate schemes have been developed for the B. cereus group, based on different sets of genes and isolates (5–10).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
B: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
C: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
D: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
E: bacillus cereus group
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Unlike other bacterial species that are typed using a single MLST scheme, five separate schemes have been developed for the B. cereus group, based on different sets of genes and isolates (5–10).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
B: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
C: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
D: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Studies with the various schemes have independently indicated that the B. cereus group population is divided into three main phylogenetic clusters and that species are usually intermixed within the groups.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
B: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
C: bacillus cereus group
D: chromobacterium group
E: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One cluster contains the monomorphic B. anthracis isolates and a number of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains, many of which are from clinical sources.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. anthracis; b. cereus; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
B: bacillus toyonensis biovar thuringiensis
C: bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis (bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis) (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
D: bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis (bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
E: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis ci (aka bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. ci)
F: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
G: anthracus
H: anthrax (aka bacillus anthracis)
I: 'mycobacterium anthracenicum' (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
J: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
K: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
L: bacillus cereus (strain atcc 14579 / dsm 31) (aka bacillus cereus atcc 14579)
M: bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus cereus)
N: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
O: None of the above. | [H; M; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One cluster contains the monomorphic B. anthracis isolates and a number of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains, many of which are from clinical sources.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. anthracis; b. cereus; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
B: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
C: bacillus anthracis sterne (aka bacillus anthracis str. sterne)
D: bacillus cereus group
E: bacillus cereus str. w (aka bacillus cereus w)
F: bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis (bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasiliensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis)
G: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
H: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
I: anthrax bacterium (aka bacillus anthracis)
J: bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki)
K: vibrio subtilis (aka bacillus subtilis)
L: bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis (bacillus thuringiensis subsp. nigeriensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis)
M: bacillus cereus strain atcc 10987 (aka bacillus cereus atcc 10987)
N: bacillus anthracis (strain ames) (aka bacillus anthracis str. ames)
O: bacillus toyonensis biovar thuringiensis
P: None of the above. | [I; B; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One cluster contains the monomorphic B. anthracis isolates and a number of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains, many of which are from clinical sources.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. anthracis; b. cereus; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
B: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
C: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
D: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis ci (aka bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. ci)
E: bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
F: bacillus cereus group sp.
G: mycobacterium anthracenicum ('mycobacterium anthracenicum') (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
H: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
I: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
J: bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis (bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis) (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
K: bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1915 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
L: bacillus thuringiensis serovar thailandensis
M: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
N: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
O: None of the above. | [N; I; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One cluster contains the monomorphic B. anthracis isolates and a number of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains, many of which are from clinical sources.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. anthracis; b. cereus; b. thuringiensis]
<Options>: A: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
B: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
C: bacillus thuringiensis serovar thailandensis
D: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis ci (aka bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. ci)
E: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
F: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
G: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
H: bacillus cereus group sp.
I: bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis (bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis) (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
J: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
K: mycobacterium anthracenicum ('mycobacterium anthracenicum') (aka mycobacterium anthracenicum)
L: bacillus anthracis (bacillus cereus var. anthracis) (aka bacillus anthracis)
M: bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
N: None of the above. | [L; B; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A second heterogeneous cluster includes B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates from various origins, while cold-tolerant B. weihenstephanensis and B. cereus isolates belong to the third group.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus; b. thuringiensis; b. weihenstephanensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus strain atcc 10987 (aka bacillus cereus atcc 10987)
B: bacillus thuringiensis var. wuhanensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar wuhanensis)
C: henneguya weishanensis
D: bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis (bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasiliensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis)
E: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
F: bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
G: bacillus weihenstephanensis (aka bacillus mycoides)
H: alsophila weidenbrueckiae (alsophila weidenbrueckii) (aka alsophila weidenbrueckiae)
I: bacillus cereus strain f (aka bacillus cereus f)
J: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
K: vibrio subtilis (aka bacillus subtilis)
L: bacillus cereus (strain atcc 14579 / dsm 31) (aka bacillus cereus atcc 14579)
M: bacillus thuringiensis gv. thuringiensis
N: spongicoloides weijiaensis
O: bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki)
P: None of the above. | [J; E; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A second heterogeneous cluster includes B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates from various origins, while cold-tolerant B. weihenstephanensis and B. cereus isolates belong to the third group.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus; b. thuringiensis; b. weihenstephanensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
B: bacillus weihaiensis
C: luteimonas weifangensis (aka cognatiluteimonas weifangensis)
D: bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar thuringiensis)
E: bacillus thuringiensis gv. cytolyticus
F: stegana weiqiuzhangi
G: bacillus cereus strain atcc 10987 (aka bacillus cereus atcc 10987)
H: bacillus thuringiensis subsp. nigeriensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis)
I: cereus <eudicots> (cereus) (aka cereus <eudicots>)
J: bacillus weihenstephanensis (aka bacillus mycoides)
K: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
L: bacillus cereus group sp.
M: bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasiliensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar brasilensis)
N: helicobacter kumamotonensis
O: vibrio subtilis (aka bacillus subtilis)
P: None of the above. | [K; A; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A second heterogeneous cluster includes B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates from various origins, while cold-tolerant B. weihenstephanensis and B. cereus isolates belong to the third group.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus; b. thuringiensis; b. weihenstephanensis]
<Options>: A: bacillus thuringiensis serovar wuhanensis (bacillus thuringiensis subsp. wuhanensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar wuhanensis)
B: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
C: bacillus cereus var. thuringiensis (aka bacillus thuringiensis)
D: bacillus wiedmannii biovar thuringiensis (aka bacillus wiedmannii bv. thuringiensis)
E: bacillus cereus strain atcc 10987 (aka bacillus cereus atcc 10987)
F: bacillus weihenstephanensis (aka bacillus mycoides)
G: bacillus weihenstephanensis dsm 11821 (aka bacillus mycoides nbrc 101238 = dsm 11821)
H: bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis (bacillus thuringiensis subsp. nigeriensis) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar nigeriensis)
I: baccharis weirii
J: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
K: bacillus weihaiensis
L: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
M: bacillus endorhythmos (aka bacillus cereus)
N: bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki (bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. kurstaki)) (aka bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki)
O: bacillus toyonensis biovar thuringiensis
P: None of the above. | [M; C; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The separate MLST analyses have also revealed that the B. cereus group population is weakly clonal overall due to numerous clinical and virulent isolates emerging from different phylogenetic positions (5–8,11–14), with the exception of the ‘cold-tolerant’ cluster that seems to exhibit a panmictic (or sexual) population structure, i.e. with frequent genetic exchanges between strains (9).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
B: bacillus cereus group
C: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
D: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
E: bacillus subtilis group sp.
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The separate MLST analyses have also revealed that the B. cereus group population is weakly clonal overall due to numerous clinical and virulent isolates emerging from different phylogenetic positions (5–8,11–14), with the exception of the ‘cold-tolerant’ cluster that seems to exhibit a panmictic (or sexual) population structure, i.e. with frequent genetic exchanges between strains (9).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus subtilis group sp.
B: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
C: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
D: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Here, in order to provide the B. cereus group research community with a common MLST resource, we have developed on the same website a database, SuperCAT, that compiles and integrates MLST data from all the published B. cereus group schemes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
C: bacillus subtilis group sp.
D: chromobacterium group
E: bacillus subtilis group
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, we applied supertree reconstruction methods to build an integrated view of the B. cereus group population and phylogeny.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
B: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
C: bacillus cereus group
D: bacillus cereus group sp.
E: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The SuperCAT database provides information, sequence and phylogenetic data for all bacterial isolates that have been typed using any of the five published MLST schemes for the B. cereus group (Table 1).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
C: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
D: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
E: bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980) (aka bacillus cereus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'SuperCAT also contains the phylogenetic supertree of the B. cereus group reconstructed by combining the sequence data from all five schemes, as well as supertrees built for individual schemes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
B: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
C: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
D: bacillus cereus group sp.
E: bacillus cereus group
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, sequences of all MLST loci were extracted from the complete genomes of the 21 sequenced B. cereus group strains available in Genbank.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: chromobacterium group
B: bacillus cereus group
C: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
D: bacillus subtilis group
E: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Table 1.The five MLST schemes designed for typing bacteria of the B. cereus groupSchemeGenesTotal sequence length (bp)Total number of isolateseUsed in (references)Helgasonadk, ccpA, ftsA, glpT, pyre, recF and sucC2 938120(6,12,46)Candelon–Sorokina,cclpC, dinB, gdpD, panC, purF and yhfL2 850149(9,10)Kob,cgyrB, mbl, mdh, mutS, pycA(1) and rpoB2 00265(7)Priesta,bglpF, gmk, ilvD, pta, purH, pycA(2) and tpi2 829721(8,11,13–15,46–48)Tourasse–Helgasona,b,dadk, ccpA, glpF, glpT, panC, pta and pycA(2)2 658172(5)aSpecific databases for the Priest and Tourasse–Helgason schemes are accessible at http://pubmlst.org/bcereus/ and http://mlstoslo.uio.no/, respectively.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
B: bacillus cereus group
C: chromobacterium group
D: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
E: bacillus subtilis group sp.
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A BLAST database for the Candelon–Sorokin scheme is available at http://spock.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/bacilliMLSopen.cgi.bWhile the Tourasse–Helgason and Priest schemes use the same gene fragment for the pycA gene, the Ko scheme is based on a different and non-overlapping gene region.cThe B. cereus group-specific transcriptional regulator plcR was originally included in the Candelon–Sorokin and Ko schemes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus subtilis group sp.
B: cereus <sea anemones> (cereus) (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
C: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
D: bacillus cereus strain f (aka bacillus cereus f)
E: bacillus cereus group
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, the 21 B. cereus group strains that have been completely sequenced, and for which the sequences at all 26 MLST loci are thus available, can be used to join all five schemes and provide the strain overlap necessary for supertree analysis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus subtilis group sp.
B: unclassified bacillus cereus group
C: bacillus cereus group
D: bacillus subtilis group
E: cereus <eudicots> (cereus) (aka cereus <eudicots>)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The global B. cereus group supertree, containing 1029 isolates, was reconstructed according to the widely used matrix representation by parsimony (MRP) procedure (Figure 1; (19,25,26)).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus f (bacillus cereus strain f) (aka bacillus cereus f)
B: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
C: chromobacterium group
D: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
E: bacillus cereus group
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 1.Schematic overview of the B. cereus group supertree reconstruction procedure using Matrix Representation by Parsimony (MRP).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
B: bacillus subtilis group sp.
C: chromobacterium group
D: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
E: bacillus cereus group
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 1.Schematic overview of the B. cereus group supertree reconstruction procedure using Matrix Representation by Parsimony (MRP).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
B: chromobacterium group
C: bacillus subtilis group sp.
D: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It should be noted that the global 1029-strain supertree retains the phylogenetic signals from the individual schemes and contains the three main clusters of the B. cereus group population described in the section ‘Introduction’.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
C: bacillus/clostridium group (aka bacillota)
D: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
E: bacillus cereus (bacillus cereus frankland and frankland 1887 (approved lists 1980)) (aka bacillus cereus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These 21 isolates cover all three clusters, although the majority of them are B. anthracis strains or clinical strains closely related to B. anthracis due to the focus of genome sequencing projects, making the part of the supertree containing these isolates likely to be more accurate than the rest of the tree.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. anthracis]
<Options>: A: bacillus anthracis bf1 (aka bacillus anthracis str. bf1)
B: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
C: bacillus cereus var. anthracis (aka bacillus anthracis)
D: bacillus anthracis (strain ames) (aka bacillus anthracis str. ames)
E: bacillus cereus biovar anthracis ci (aka bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. ci)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Precise within-cluster groupings may contain more uncertainty, as indicated by the large number of unresolved multifurcations in the B. cereus group supertree.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus mojavensis subgroup
B: bacillus cereus group
C: bacillus cereus group sp.
D: bacillus subtilis group sp.
E: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Apart from the basic functions for selecting and accessing strain information and sequence data for all five B. cereus group MLST schemes, the main features of SuperCAT relate to the manipulation of the supertrees constructed by the MRP approach.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
C: cereus <eudicots> (cereus) (aka cereus <eudicots>)
D: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
E: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The global supertree based on the combination of all five B. cereus group MLST schemes as well as the five scheme-specific supertrees can be browsed according to various user-chosen criteria (Figure 2).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: chromobacterium group
B: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
C: unclassified bacillus cereus group
D: bacillus cereus group
E: bacillus subtilis group
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'DISCUSSION AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
SuperCAT is a newly created database devoted to the B. cereus group of bacteria whose main objectives are to provide a common MLST repository and means for building a comprehensive genetic analysis of the group that has been typed by five separate schemes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus cereus group
B: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
C: bacillus subtilis group
D: cereus (aka cereus <sea anemones>)
E: bacillus subtilis group sp.
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In particular, a new improved method has recently been developed for taking into account both nucleotide substitutions and recombination events in phylogenies, as part of the ClonalFrame software, which has been applied to the B. cereus group and the Priest scheme (38).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: bacillus amyloliquefaciens group (operational group b. amyloliquefaciens) (aka bacillus amyloliquefaciens group)
B: bacillus cereus group
C: bacillus <firmicutes> (bacillus rrna group 1) (aka bacillus <firmicutes>)
D: chromobacterium group
E: bacillus sp. (in: firmicutes)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As MLEE, AFLP and MLST have different levels of resolution, one can hope that combining them might provide an even more robust supertree for the B. cereus group.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. cereus group]
<Options>: A: chromobacterium group
B: bacillus subtilis group sp.
C: bacillus cereus group
D: cereus (aka cereus <eudicots>)
E: bacillus cereus group sp.
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Potential cytotoxic activity of synthesized fused isoxazolines 1 and 2 was tested in vitro on four monolayer tumor cell lines: MG-22A (mouse hepatoma), HT-1080 (human fibroblastoma), B16 (mouse melanoma), Neuro 2A (mouse neiroblastoma).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse; human]
<Options>: A: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
B: probles
C: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
G: genus
H: species
I: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
J: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
K: None of the above. | [D; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Potential cytotoxic activity of synthesized fused isoxazolines 1 and 2 was tested in vitro on four monolayer tumor cell lines: MG-22A (mouse hepatoma), HT-1080 (human fibroblastoma), B16 (mouse melanoma), Neuro 2A (mouse neiroblastoma).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse; human]
<Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: genus
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: probles
G: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
H: species
I: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
J: None of the above. | [J; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Potential cytotoxic activity of synthesized fused isoxazolines 1 and 2 was tested in vitro on four monolayer tumor cell lines: MG-22A (mouse hepatoma), HT-1080 (human fibroblastoma), B16 (mouse melanoma), Neuro 2A (mouse neiroblastoma).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse; human]
<Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: mouse (aka mus musculus)
G: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
H: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
I: species
J: humans (aka homo)
K: None of the above. | [F; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Introduction
Since the early 1970s, the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been shown to be associated with a number of autoimmune, inflammatory, and infectious diseases, and it continues to be the focus of intense research [1].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: avian (aka aves)
C: primate (aka primates)
D: humans (aka homo)
E: biota (aka cellular organisms)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The classical class I and class II loci encode the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) proteins involved in antigen presentation to T cells, initiating the adaptive immune response.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
B: genus
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: homo (humans) (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE/lupus, [Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man 152700, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=OMIM&TabCmd=Limits]) is a chronic, multi-system autoimmune disease affecting young women ten times more commonly than men.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [man; women; men]
<Options>: A: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: menenotus
D: menecles
E: menesia
F: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
G: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
H: genus
I: birds (aka aves)
J: mammals (aka mammalia)
K: infraclass
L: kingdom
M: menura
N: menosoma
O: None of the above. | [B; B; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE/lupus, [Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man 152700, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=OMIM&TabCmd=Limits]) is a chronic, multi-system autoimmune disease affecting young women ten times more commonly than men.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [man; women; men]
<Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: genus
D: menneus
E: macrobiotus sapiens
F: menenotus
G: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
H: menaethius
I: menosoma
J: avian (aka aves)
K: birds (aka aves)
L: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
M: probles
N: menecles
O: None of the above. | [G; G; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE/lupus, [Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man 152700, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=OMIM&TabCmd=Limits]) is a chronic, multi-system autoimmune disease affecting young women ten times more commonly than men.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [man; women; men]
<Options>: A: menenotus
B: menaethius
C: menosoma
D: probles
E: mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: birds (aka aves)
G: genus
H: macrobiotus sapiens
I: menneus
J: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
K: avian (aka aves)
L: menecles
M: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
N: None of the above. | [N; N; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE/lupus, [Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man 152700, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=OMIM&TabCmd=Limits]) is a chronic, multi-system autoimmune disease affecting young women ten times more commonly than men.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [man; women; men]
<Options>: A: kingdom
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: menevia
D: this
E: menecleonus
F: genus
G: menenotus
H: mouse (aka mus musculus)
I: probles
J: menophra
K: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
L: species
M: menigrates
N: None of the above. | [B; B; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A role for another class III gene, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF), in SLE was suggested following the observation that the lupus-prone New Zealand F1 mouse hybrid exhibits constitutively low TNF expression [10].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recently, the development of antinuclear antibodies in patients treated with TNF antagonists has also stimulated interest in the possible role of TNF in SLE [11–13].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: aides
B: goes
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: genus
E: circe
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Murine and human candidate gene studies, together with genome-wide linkage screens, provide further support that multiple genetic loci, including the mouse MHC complex H2 and the human MHC locus, contribute to disease susceptibility [14–17].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; mouse]
<Options>: A: genus
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: animals (aka metazoa)
D: peromyscus
E: kingdom
F: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
G: species
H: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
I: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
J: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
K: None of the above. | [F; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Murine and human candidate gene studies, together with genome-wide linkage screens, provide further support that multiple genetic loci, including the mouse MHC complex H2 and the human MHC locus, contribute to disease susceptibility [14–17].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; mouse]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: primate (aka primates)
F: species
G: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
H: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
I: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
J: this
K: None of the above. | [B; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It should be noted that the human MHC was first associated with SLE in 1971, when studies demonstrated that lupus probands were enriched for the class I alleles HL-A8 (now known as HLA-B8) and HLA-W15 (now known as HLA-B15) when compared with healthy controls [18,19].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
B: suborder
C: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It should be noted that the human MHC was first associated with SLE in 1971, when studies demonstrated that lupus probands were enriched for the class I alleles HL-A8 (now known as HLA-B8) and HLA-W15 (now known as HLA-B15) when compared with healthy controls [18,19].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
B: animals (aka metazoa)
C: suborder
D: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This SNP is located within intron 6 of the class III gene, superkiller viralicidic activity 2-like (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SKIV2L), and is located approximately 500 kb telomeric to the HLA-DRB1 gene.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces paradoxus
C: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces uvarum (saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum) (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Analysis of these data (Figure 4) suggests the presence of short-range LD around our associated variant, rs419788, in CEPH families, encompassing approximately 40 kb of the genome which includes the five genes: complement factor B (CFB), RD RNA binding protein (RDBP), SKIV2L, dom-3 homolg Z (C. elegans) (DOM3Z), and serine/threonine kinase 19 (STK19), and does not include the complement C4 locus.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c. elegans]
<Options>: A: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
B: caenorhabditis sp.
C: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: cyclostrongylus elegans
E: theocolax elegans
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The function of Dom3z is currently unknown, although the homologous yeast protein binds nuclear exoribonuclease.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
B: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
C: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
D: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
E: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All study participants are European Caucasian on the basis of grandparental origin.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [participants]
<Options>: A: inquisitor
B: probles
C: species
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: this
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Written consent was obtained from all study participants and ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee (MREC 2 June 1998).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [participants]
<Options>: A: inquisitor
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: athletes
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Supporting Information
Accession Numbers
The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=omim) accession numbers for the genes described in this study are as follows: AGER, 600214; BAT3, 142590; C4A, 120810; C4B, 120820; CFB, 138470; DOM3Z, 605996; DOM3Z, 605996; EHMT2, 604599; HLA-B, 142830; HLA-DPB2, 120290; HLA-DQA1, 146880; HLA-DQB1, 604305; HLA-DRA, 142860; HLA-DRB1, 142857; KIAA1949, 610990; MICA, 600169; NOTCH4, 164951; RDBP, 154040; RDBP, 154040; SKIV2L, 600478; SLC44A4, 606107; STK19, 604977; STK19, 604977; TNF, 191160; and TNXB, 600985.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [man]
<Options>: A: macrobiotus sapiens
B: this
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: mammals (aka mammalia)
E: probles
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) mRNA copy numbers in immunohistochemically ERα-positive-, and negative breast cancer tissues
Abstract
Background
The presence of ERα is the basis for treating breast cancer patients with targeted molecular therapies that block estrogen stimulation of breast cancer cell division.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: circe
B: kingdom
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: goes
E: genus
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To select patients for the above therapies, currently, the ERα presence in breast cancer tissues is determined in clinical laboratories by microscopically scoring the slides subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: probles
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: theraps
D: genus
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Background
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed and the second leading cause of cancer deaths for women in the United States striking about 300,000 and killing about 40,000 women a year [1].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [women]
<Options>: A: gallus
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: probles
D: species
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because endogenous estrogens directly promote the growth of breast cancer cells, estrogen deprivation either by inhibiting its biosynthesis (aromatase inhibitors) or blocking estrogen-mediated gene transcription (tamoxifen) through its high affinity receptor, the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), are the primary lines of therapy for breast cancer patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: this
B: circe
C: genus
D: suborder
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because endogenous estrogens directly promote the growth of breast cancer cells, estrogen deprivation either by inhibiting its biosynthesis (aromatase inhibitors) or blocking estrogen-mediated gene transcription (tamoxifen) through its high affinity receptor, the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), are the primary lines of therapy for breast cancer patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: circe
B: genus
C: this
D: suborder
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Currently, only those patients who express ERα in their tumors are chosen for aromatase inhibitor or tamoxifen therapies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: theraps
D: probles
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The patients who express ERα in their tumors have an overall longer cancer-free survival and lower recurrence rates than patients who do not express this receptor [3].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: probles
C: aides
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: theraps
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To predict prognosis and identify patients for the above two anti-estrogen therapies, every breast cancer tissue is currently screened for the presence of ERα before a treatment regimen is selected for any breast cancer patient.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients; patient]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: circe
D: probles
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: suborder
G: kingdom
H: homo (humans) (aka homo)
I: aides
J: None of the above. | [E; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To predict prognosis and identify patients for the above two anti-estrogen therapies, every breast cancer tissue is currently screened for the presence of ERα before a treatment regimen is selected for any breast cancer patient.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients; patient]
<Options>: A: isolate
B: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
C: goes
D: aides
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: theraps
G: suborder
H: this
I: humans (aka homo)
J: None of the above. | [E; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our rational for establishing a cut off value is that any patient who expresses above the cut off level could be selected as a candidate for anti-estrogen therapies and could be considered to have good prognosis.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: goes
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: humans (aka homo)
E: data
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Based on our data above any patient who has more than 5 × 106 copies per 1010 GAPDH copies in her tumor tissue could be considered positive for ERα, could be selected for anti-estrogen therapies and considered to have good prognosis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: proxys
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: probles
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Further studies on partially purified calf thymus DNA polymerase a.
Abstract
Attempts to prevent the urea conversion of a 200-230,000 molecular weight DNA polymerase alpha to a 150-170,000 molecular weight form by the inclusion of protease inhibitors have not been successful.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
B: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
C: sueus
D: equus subg. equus (aka equus)
E: gallus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Volume 6 Number 10 1979
Nucleic Acids Research
Further studies on partially purified calf thymus DNA polymerase a Keith McKune and Andrew M.Holmes*
Biochemistry Department, Strathclyde University, The Todd Centre, 31 Taylor Street, Glasgow, G4 ONR, UK
Received I June 1979 ABSTRACT
Attempts to prevent the urea conversion of a 200-230, 000 molecular weight DNA polymerase a to a 150-170, 000 molecular weight form by the
inclusion of protease inhibitors have not been successful.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: cattle (aka bos)
B: bovidae
C: equus subg. hemionus (aka equus)
D: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
E: equetus
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Volume 6 Number 10 1979
Nucleic Acids Research
Further studies on partially purified calf thymus DNA polymerase a Keith McKune and Andrew M.Holmes*
Biochemistry Department, Strathclyde University, The Todd Centre, 31 Taylor Street, Glasgow, G4 ONR, UK
Received I June 1979 ABSTRACT
Attempts to prevent the urea conversion of a 200-230, 000 molecular weight DNA polymerase a to a 150-170, 000 molecular weight form by the
inclusion of protease inhibitors have not been successful.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: equetus
B: bovidae
C: equus subg. hemionus (aka equus)
D: cattle (aka bos)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'INTRODUCTION
In mammals DNA polymerase a is thought to be the replicative
enzyme, but due to low levels of activity, even in tissues actively making DNA, and to enzyme heterogeneity it has been found difficult to purify
However, small samples of DNA polymerase a have been highly purified
2, 3, 4, 5 from several sources and partially characterised
Heterogeneity has been observed in DNA polymerase a from a var
6 7
iety of sources, including rat liver and spleen , Hela cells, baby hamster
8 9, 10 11
kidney cells , mouse myeloma , Drosophila embryos and calf thymus
1,6, 12, 13 .', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rat; mouse; drosophila; calf]
<Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: peromyscus
C: melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
D: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
E: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
F: boveria
G: bovine (aka bos taurus)
H: veturius
I: bactrocera melanogaster (bactrocera (bactrocera) melanogaster) (aka bactrocera melanogaster)
J: rat (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
K: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
L: bovidae
M: rattus norvegicus albus
N: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
O: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
P: drosophila (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
Q: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
R: rats (aka rattus sp.) (aka rattus sp.)
S: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <flies>)
T: melanogaster subgroup
U: None of the above. | [J; N; P; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'INTRODUCTION
In mammals DNA polymerase a is thought to be the replicative
enzyme, but due to low levels of activity, even in tissues actively making DNA, and to enzyme heterogeneity it has been found difficult to purify
However, small samples of DNA polymerase a have been highly purified
2, 3, 4, 5 from several sources and partially characterised
Heterogeneity has been observed in DNA polymerase a from a var
6 7
iety of sources, including rat liver and spleen , Hela cells, baby hamster
8 9, 10 11
kidney cells , mouse myeloma , Drosophila embryos and calf thymus
1,6, 12, 13 .', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rat; mouse; drosophila; calf]
<Options>: A: bos bovis (aka bos taurus)
B: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
C: flies (aka diptera)
D: norway rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: peromyscus
F: equidae (horses) (aka equidae)
G: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
H: rattus norvegicus albus
I: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
J: sueus
K: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
L: equus subg. hemionus (aka equus)
M: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
N: fruit flies (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
O: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
P: drosophila <basidiomycete fungi> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
Q: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
R: bactrocera melanogaster (bactrocera (bactrocera) melanogaster) (aka bactrocera melanogaster)
S: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
T: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
U: None of the above. | [D; K; N; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'INTRODUCTION
In mammals DNA polymerase a is thought to be the replicative
enzyme, but due to low levels of activity, even in tissues actively making DNA, and to enzyme heterogeneity it has been found difficult to purify
However, small samples of DNA polymerase a have been highly purified
2, 3, 4, 5 from several sources and partially characterised
Heterogeneity has been observed in DNA polymerase a from a var
6 7
iety of sources, including rat liver and spleen , Hela cells, baby hamster
8 9, 10 11
kidney cells , mouse myeloma , Drosophila embryos and calf thymus
1,6, 12, 13 .', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rat; mouse; drosophila; calf]
<Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: black rat (aka rattus rattus)
C: rats (aka rattus norvegicus) (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: bovidae
E: fruit fly (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
F: hawaiian drosophila
G: bos bovis (aka bos taurus)
H: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
I: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
J: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
K: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
L: rattus norvegicus albus
M: melanogaster group
N: equus subg. hemionus (aka equus)
O: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
P: drosophila <basidiomycete fungi> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
Q: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
R: equetus
S: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
T: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
U: None of the above. | [C; O; E; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'INTRODUCTION
In mammals DNA polymerase a is thought to be the replicative
enzyme, but due to low levels of activity, even in tissues actively making DNA, and to enzyme heterogeneity it has been found difficult to purify
However, small samples of DNA polymerase a have been highly purified
2, 3, 4, 5 from several sources and partially characterised
Heterogeneity has been observed in DNA polymerase a from a var
6 7
iety of sources, including rat liver and spleen , Hela cells, baby hamster
8 9, 10 11
kidney cells , mouse myeloma , Drosophila embryos and calf thymus
1,6, 12, 13 .', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rat; mouse; drosophila; calf]
<Options>: A: veturius
B: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: fruit fly (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
D: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
E: drosophila (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
F: rattus norvegicus albus
G: sueus
H: boveria
I: flies (aka diptera)
J: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
K: rattus rattoides (aka rattus pyctoris)
L: melanogaster subgroup
M: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
N: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
O: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
P: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
Q: gallus
R: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
S: house rat (aka rattus rattus)
T: hawaiian drosophila
U: None of the above. | [O; P; C; N] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have previously observed several species of calf thymus
DNA polymerase a differing in size and charge .', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: bovidae
B: cattle (aka bos)
C: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
D: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
E: horses (aka equidae)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '5S enzymes, analagous to B, have been observed to
C Information Retrieval Limited 1 Falconberg Court London Wl V 5FG England
3341
Nucleic Acids Research
arise as the result of proteolytic action ' , similarly the B enzyme above 14
,but the relationship of the other observed species is not clear, nor is
the problem of which, if any, of these species is the replicative enzyme,
although circumstantial evidence has implicated a DNA polymerase a to be
15 the replicative enzyme in adenovirus infected KB cells
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [adenovirus]
<Options>: A: adintoviridae
B: adeno-associated virus 1 (aka adeno-associated virus - 1)
C: adenovirus sp.
D: avian adeno-associated virus
E: unidentified adenovirus (adenovirus) (aka unidentified adenovirus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'MATERIALS AND METHODS
Calf thymus was obtained from 10-16 week old calves and frozen at
-20?C until required.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf; calves]
<Options>: A: horses (aka equidae)
B: equus subg. equus (aka equus)
C: domestic horse (aka equus caballus)
D: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
E: equus subg. asinus (aka equus)
F: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
G: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
H: gallus
I: sueus
J: None of the above. | [D; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'MATERIALS AND METHODS
Calf thymus was obtained from 10-16 week old calves and frozen at
-20?C until required.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf; calves]
<Options>: A: domestic horse (aka equus caballus)
B: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
C: sueus
D: equus subg. equus (aka equus)
E: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
F: horses (aka equidae)
G: gallus
H: equus subg. asinus (aka equus)
I: None of the above. | [I; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'MATERIALS AND METHODS
Calf thymus was obtained from 10-16 week old calves and frozen at
-20?C until required.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf; calves]
<Options>: A: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
B: bovidae
C: equus subg. equus (aka equus)
D: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
E: gallus
F: equus subg. hemionus (aka equus)
G: bovine (aka bos taurus)
H: cattle (aka bos)
I: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
J: None of the above. | [G; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '5 p.g bovine serum albumin, 1 ,ug template-initiator complex, enzyme protein and the relevant [ H] deoxynucleoside triphosphate at 0.1 mM and 12-15 cpm/pmol.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
B: bovinae
C: boveria
D: bos sp.
E: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When the calf
20FI: Now ~ ~ ~ 20 20Fr Na 06
Figure 2 DEAE cellulose elution profile of calf thymus DNA polymerase a. 47, 000 units, 97 mg of Fraction IV enzyme prepared from 415 g of calf
thymus were loaded on to a 10 x 1.8 cm DEAE cellulose column, after washing with 0.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
B: sueus
C: equine (aka equus caballus)
D: veturius
E: bovine (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It has also been concluded that the heterogeneity in the
1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~3 mouse myeloma DNA polymerase a fraction is not due to proteolysis .', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
D: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
E: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The molecular weight standards were: (1) bovine serum albumin dimer (134, 000), (2) ,3 galactosidase (130, 000), (3) phosphorylase a (94, 000), (4) bovine serum
albumin (68, 000), (5) pyruvate kinase (57, 000) and (6) lactate dehydrogenase (35, 000).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
B: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
C: bovidae
D: bos primigenius taurus (aka bos taurus)
E: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The human KB cell
DNA polymerase a, equivalent to the C enzyme, has been reported to consist
4
of subunits of 76, 000 and 66, 000 molecular weight , but at no time have we
observed polypeptide bands at 76, 000 and 66, 000 rising and falling with
enzyme activity in any gels of calf thyrrmus enzymes A1, A and C (and
2 unpublished observations).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; calf]
<Options>: A: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
B: kingdom
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: boveria
E: probles
F: animals (aka metazoa)
G: horses (aka equidae)
H: veturius
I: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
J: primate (aka primates)
K: None of the above. | [C; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The human KB cell
DNA polymerase a, equivalent to the C enzyme, has been reported to consist
4
of subunits of 76, 000 and 66, 000 molecular weight , but at no time have we
observed polypeptide bands at 76, 000 and 66, 000 rising and falling with
enzyme activity in any gels of calf thyrrmus enzymes A1, A and C (and
2 unpublished observations).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; calf]
<Options>: A: horses (aka equidae)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
D: probles
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
G: boveria
H: equetus
I: veturius
J: kingdom
K: None of the above. | [B; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The human KB cell
DNA polymerase a, equivalent to the C enzyme, has been reported to consist
4
of subunits of 76, 000 and 66, 000 molecular weight , but at no time have we
observed polypeptide bands at 76, 000 and 66, 000 rising and falling with
enzyme activity in any gels of calf thyrrmus enzymes A1, A and C (and
2 unpublished observations).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; calf]
<Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: probles
C: boveria
D: veturius
E: kingdom
F: horses (aka equidae)
G: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
H: equetus
I: mammals (aka mammalia)
J: None of the above. | [A; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'M sodium
pyrophosphate containing 100 ,ug/ml native calf thymus DNA and processed for counting in the usual manner6.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: horses (aka equidae)
B: sueus
C: bovidae
D: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
E: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[3H] dTTP (15 cpm/pmol), 312.5 ,ug bovine serum albumin, 5 Fg poly (dA).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
B: bovinae
C: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
D: bovidae
E: dairy cow (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
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