instruction stringlengths 225 2.35k | input stringlengths 89 1.5k | response stringclasses 698 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results demonstrate that Scp160p associates with polyribosome-bound mRNP complexes in vivo, implicating a role for this protein in one or more levels of mRNA metabolism in yeast.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyceta
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
E: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'INTRODUCTION
Scp160p is a 1222 amino acid Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein that contains 14 copies of the hnRNP K homology (KH) domain, a highly conserved motif found in many proteins involved in RNA metabolism (1).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces uvarum (saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum) (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
B: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces uvarum
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'KH domain-containing proteins appear to have diverse functions and have been identified in all kingdoms of life, including the ribosomal protein S3 from Escherichia coli (1), Mer1p from S.cerevisiae, a meiosis-specific splicing factor (1), MEX-3 from Caenorhabditis elegans, presumably involved in mRNA localization during development (2), and FMRP, the fragile-X mental retardation protein in humans (3).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; s.cerevisiae; caenorhabditis elegans; humans]
<Options>: A: mammals (aka mammalia)
B: saccharomyces uvarum (saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum) (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: kingdom
F: genus
G: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
H: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
I: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
J: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
K: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
L: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
M: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
N: uronema elegans
O: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
P: human (aka homo sapiens)
Q: escherichia coli 1a
R: escherichia phage
S: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
T: drosophila elegans
U: None of the above. | [J; D; I; P] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'KH domain-containing proteins appear to have diverse functions and have been identified in all kingdoms of life, including the ribosomal protein S3 from Escherichia coli (1), Mer1p from S.cerevisiae, a meiosis-specific splicing factor (1), MEX-3 from Caenorhabditis elegans, presumably involved in mRNA localization during development (2), and FMRP, the fragile-X mental retardation protein in humans (3).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; s.cerevisiae; caenorhabditis elegans; humans]
<Options>: A: drosophila elegans
B: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
C: elegans subgroup (in: flies)
D: kingdom
E: genus
F: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
G: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
H: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
I: escherichia phage
J: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
K: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
L: human (aka homo sapiens)
M: escherichia coli 1a
N: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
O: uronema elegans
P: mammals (aka mammalia)
Q: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
R: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
S: saccharomyces uvarum (saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum) (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
T: None of the above. | [N; T; Q; L] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'KH domain-containing proteins appear to have diverse functions and have been identified in all kingdoms of life, including the ribosomal protein S3 from Escherichia coli (1), Mer1p from S.cerevisiae, a meiosis-specific splicing factor (1), MEX-3 from Caenorhabditis elegans, presumably involved in mRNA localization during development (2), and FMRP, the fragile-X mental retardation protein in humans (3).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; s.cerevisiae; caenorhabditis elegans; humans]
<Options>: A: primate (aka primates)
B: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
C: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
D: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: escherichia sp.
G: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
H: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
I: hominidae (great apes) (aka hominidae)
J: escherichia phage
K: urocitellus elegans elegans (spermophilus elegans elegans) (aka urocitellus elegans elegans)
L: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
M: biota (aka cellular organisms)
N: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
O: saccharomyceta
P: cyclostrongylus elegans
Q: bacteria (ex cavalier-smith 1987) (aka bacteria)
R: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
S: homo (humans) (aka homo)
T: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces uvarum
U: None of the above. | [N; L; C; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'KH domain-containing proteins appear to have diverse functions and have been identified in all kingdoms of life, including the ribosomal protein S3 from Escherichia coli (1), Mer1p from S.cerevisiae, a meiosis-specific splicing factor (1), MEX-3 from Caenorhabditis elegans, presumably involved in mRNA localization during development (2), and FMRP, the fragile-X mental retardation protein in humans (3).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; s.cerevisiae; caenorhabditis elegans; humans]
<Options>: A: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae synthetic construct
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: zodarion elegans (enyo elegans) (aka zodarion elegans)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: rhabditis elegans (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
G: gongylostoma elegans elegans (clausilia elegans elegans) (aka gongylostoma elegans elegans)
H: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
I: bacteria (ex cavalier-smith 1987) (aka bacteria)
J: saccharomyceta
K: neanderthal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
L: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces uvarum
M: caenorhabditis
N: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
O: escherichia coli 1a
P: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
Q: hominidae (great apes) (aka hominidae)
R: biota (aka cellular organisms)
S: mammals (aka mammalia)
T: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
U: None of the above. | [P; C; F; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'KH domain-containing proteins appear to have diverse functions and have been identified in all kingdoms of life, including the ribosomal protein S3 from Escherichia coli (1), Mer1p from S.cerevisiae, a meiosis-specific splicing factor (1), MEX-3 from Caenorhabditis elegans, presumably involved in mRNA localization during development (2), and FMRP, the fragile-X mental retardation protein in humans (3).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli; s.cerevisiae; caenorhabditis elegans; humans]
<Options>: A: escherichia phage
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
D: escherichia
E: neandertal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
F: saccharomyces cerevisiae synthetic construct
G: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
H: drosophila elegans
I: escherichia coli 1a
J: saccharomyces uvarum (saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum) (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
K: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
L: kingdom
M: hominoidea (apes (aka hominoidea))
N: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
O: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
P: human (aka homo sapiens)
Q: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
R: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
S: bactris elegans
T: cyclostrongylus elegans
U: None of the above. | [R; O; N; P] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Deletion of the SCP160 locus in yeast is not lethal, but results in a complex phenotype, including increased DNA content per cell, missegregation of genetic markers during sporulation, and abnormal cell morphology, including increased size and irregular shape (4).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
B: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
D: budding yeasts & others (aka saccharomycotina)
E: saccharomyces sp.
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First identified in chicken, vigilin homologues have now been found in human (6), Xenopus laevis (7), Drosophila melanogaster (8), C.elegans (5) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken; human; xenopus laevis; drosophila melanogaster]
<Options>: A: birds (aka aves)
B: gallasellus
C: platanna (aka xenopus laevis)
D: gallus
E: macrobiotus sapiens
F: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
G: melanogaster <flies> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <flies>)
H: xenopus <genus> (xenopus) (aka xenopus <genus>)
I: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
J: arilus gallus
K: drosophila (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
L: biota (aka cellular organisms)
M: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
N: melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
O: galliformes (landfowls) (aka galliformes)
P: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
Q: gallus gallus (gallus gallus domesticus) (aka gallus gallus)
R: xenopus laevis/gilli
S: xenopus laevis x xenopus borealis
T: xenopus laevis tropicalis (aka xenopus tropicalis)
U: None of the above. | [Q; M; C; P] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First identified in chicken, vigilin homologues have now been found in human (6), Xenopus laevis (7), Drosophila melanogaster (8), C.elegans (5) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken; human; xenopus laevis; drosophila melanogaster]
<Options>: A: xenopus <genus> (xenopus) (aka xenopus <genus>)
B: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
C: gallus gallus philippensis (aka gallus gallus gallus)
D: melanogaster group
E: miletus gallus gallus
F: gallus gallus (gallus gallus domesticus) (aka gallus gallus)
G: hawaiian drosophila
H: avian (aka aves)
I: kingdom
J: african clawed frog (aka xenopus laevis)
K: galliformes (landfowls) (aka galliformes)
L: xenopus laevis x xenopus borealis
M: species
N: drosophila <basidiomycete fungi> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
O: gallus
P: humans (aka homo)
Q: xenopus borealis (xenopus laevis borealis) (aka xenopus borealis)
R: fruit fly (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
S: xenopus laevis/gilli
T: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
U: None of the above. | [F; T; J; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First identified in chicken, vigilin homologues have now been found in human (6), Xenopus laevis (7), Drosophila melanogaster (8), C.elegans (5) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken; human; xenopus laevis; drosophila melanogaster]
<Options>: A: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
B: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
C: melanogaster group
D: kingdom
E: gallus sp.
F: biota (aka cellular organisms)
G: human (aka homo sapiens)
H: xenopus <subgenus> (xenopus) (aka xenopus <subgenus>)
I: birds (aka aves)
J: flies (aka diptera)
K: xenopus borealis (xenopus laevis borealis) (aka xenopus borealis)
L: landfowls (aka galliformes)
M: xenopus sp. (clawed frog) (aka xenopus sp.)
N: melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
O: drosophila melanogaster (sophophora melanogaster) (aka drosophila melanogaster)
P: gallio
Q: anabolia laevis
R: xenopus laevis (african clawed frog) (aka xenopus laevis)
S: probles
T: gallorhynchus
U: None of the above. | [B; G; R; O] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First identified in chicken, vigilin homologues have now been found in human (6), Xenopus laevis (7), Drosophila melanogaster (8), C.elegans (5) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken; human; xenopus laevis; drosophila melanogaster]
<Options>: A: flies (aka diptera)
B: alsophylax laevis
C: wild turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
D: xenopus laevis laevis (bufo laevis laevis) (aka xenopus laevis laevis)
E: arilus gallus
F: xenopus sp. (clawed frog) (aka xenopus sp.)
G: hawaiian drosophila
H: xenopus (aka xenopus <genus>)
I: melanogaster group
J: suborder
K: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
L: this
M: platanna (aka xenopus laevis)
N: gallio
O: primate (aka primates)
P: drosophila melanogaster (sophophora melanogaster) (aka drosophila melanogaster)
Q: landfowls (aka galliformes)
R: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <flies>)
S: human (aka homo sapiens)
T: macrobiotus sapiens
U: None of the above. | [K; S; M; P] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First identified in chicken, vigilin homologues have now been found in human (6), Xenopus laevis (7), Drosophila melanogaster (8), C.elegans (5) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c.elegans; schizosaccharomyces pombe]
<Options>: A: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
B: schizosaccharomyces osmophilus
C: caenorhabditis sp.
D: schizosaccharomyces sp.
E: schizosaccharomyces pombe (schizosaccharomyces malidevorans) (aka schizosaccharomyces pombe)
F: zygosaccharomyces
G: caenorhabditis
H: zygosaccharomyces sp.
I: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
J: cyclostrongylus elegans
K: None of the above. | [I; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First identified in chicken, vigilin homologues have now been found in human (6), Xenopus laevis (7), Drosophila melanogaster (8), C.elegans (5) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [c.elegans; schizosaccharomyces pombe]
<Options>: A: uca elegans (aka tubuca elegans)
B: schizosaccharomyces pombe oy26
C: zygosaccharomyces
D: schizosaccharomyces
E: elegans subgroup (in: mosquitos)
F: schizosaccharomyces pombe (schizosaccharomyces malidevorans) (aka schizosaccharomyces pombe)
G: caenorhabditis drosophilae (rhabditis drosophilae) (aka caenorhabditis drosophilae)
H: fission yeasts (aka schizosaccharomycetaceae)
I: bactris elegans
J: caenorhabditis elegans (rhabditis elegans) (aka caenorhabditis elegans)
K: None of the above. | [J; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For example, Kruse and colleagues reported from their work with human cells in culture that vigilin may be involved in the binding and transport of tRNA (9–11).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: species
B: primate (aka primates)
C: avian (aka aves)
D: suborder
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The goal of the present study was to begin elucidating the function of Scp160p in yeast by characterizing the subcellular distribution and macromolecular interactions of this protein.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
C: saccharomyceta
D: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These results indicate a role for Scp160p in mRNA metabolism in yeast, and by extension, support results seen with Xenopus vigilin in its interactions with mRNA.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
B: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
D: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
E: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To our knowledge, the data reported here demonstrate Scp160p to be the first example of a KH-domain protein that functions as a component of polyribosome-associated mRNP complexes in the yeast, S.cerevisiae.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plasmids, yeast strains and culture conditions
All recombinant DNA manipulations were performed according to standard techniques and utilized E.coli strain XL1-Blue (Stratagene).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; s.cerevisiae; e.coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
B: saccharomyces paradoxus
C: escherichia sp.
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
F: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
G: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces uvarum
H: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
I: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
J: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
K: unspecified coliform bacterium
L: saccharomycodes
M: saccharomyces uvarum (saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum) (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
N: None of the above. | [H; H; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To our knowledge, the data reported here demonstrate Scp160p to be the first example of a KH-domain protein that functions as a component of polyribosome-associated mRNP complexes in the yeast, S.cerevisiae.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plasmids, yeast strains and culture conditions
All recombinant DNA manipulations were performed according to standard techniques and utilized E.coli strain XL1-Blue (Stratagene).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; s.cerevisiae; e.coli]
<Options>: A: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
E: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
G: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces uvarum
H: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
I: saccharomyces uvarum (saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum) (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
J: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
K: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
L: saccharomyces cerevisiae synthetic construct
M: escherichia
N: None of the above. | [E; E; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To our knowledge, the data reported here demonstrate Scp160p to be the first example of a KH-domain protein that functions as a component of polyribosome-associated mRNP complexes in the yeast, S.cerevisiae.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plasmids, yeast strains and culture conditions
All recombinant DNA manipulations were performed according to standard techniques and utilized E.coli strain XL1-Blue (Stratagene).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; s.cerevisiae; e.coli]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces uvarum
C: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
E: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: saccharomyceta
G: enterobacterales (enterobacteriaceae and related endosymbionts) (aka enterobacterales)
H: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
I: escherichia sp.
J: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
K: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
L: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
M: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
N: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
O: None of the above. | [M; M; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The yeast strain JFy1511, expressing FLAG–Scp160p, was derived by two-step gene replacement from strain yJJ52 (MATα gal7Δ102 ura3-52 trp1-289 ade1 lys1 leu2-3, 112; generously donated by Drs Mark Parthun and Judith Jaehning, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center), and confirmed by PCR.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
C: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: saccharomyces sp.
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The N-terminally HA-tagged allele of BFR1 was generated by PCR-amplifiction of the BFR1 locus from wild-type (W303) yeast genomic DNA using the primers BFR1HAF1 (5′-CCGCGGATCCATGTACC-CATACGACGTCCCAGACTACGCTATGTCCTCCCAAC-AACACAA-3′) and BFR1HINDR1 (5′-CCGCAAGCTTGTCG-ACTATTTCATATGCCACAGGAAACAG-3′), and subcloned into YIPlac211.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
C: saccharomyceta
D: saccharomycodes
E: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Finally, the HA–BFR1 allele was substituted into the yeast genome in place of the native allele using linearization with SphI and standard two-step gene replacement techniques.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomycodes
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
E: saccharomyces sp.
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All yeast transformations and culture manipulations were performed according to standard protocols as described elsewhere (19).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
E: saccharomyceta
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Confirmation of genomic integrations
All genomic integrations were confirmed by PCR amplifications from purified yeast genomic DNA.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
B: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
D: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Confirmation of genomic integrations
All genomic integrations were confirmed by PCR amplifications from purified yeast genomic DNA.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
C: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
D: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, a 100 ml culture of yeast was grown in either YEPD or Hartwell synthetic medium, to early-log phase (OD600 = 1.0), at which time cyclohexamide (Sigma) was added directly to the culture to a final concentration of 100 µg/ml.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycodes
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyceta
D: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
E: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The column had been calibrated previously using the following molecular weight standards (Sigma): blue dextran (2000 kDa), thyroglobulin (669 kDa), apoferritin (443 kDa), alcohol dehydrogenase (150 kDa), and bovine serum albumin (66 kDa).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
B: bos sp.
C: bos taurus (bos primigenius taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: bovidae
E: bovinae
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Yeast were lysed as described for polyribosome analysis, with an additional clarification by passage through a 0.2 µm syringe-tip filter (Acrodisc) and run over the column at a rate of 0.5 ml/min in polyribosome lysis buffer following treatment with the indicated reagents.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
B: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
C: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'α-FLAG affinity chromatography
For most experiments, one liter yeast cultures were grown to early log-phase and harvested by centrifugation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
B: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
D: saccharomyceta
E: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'FLAG–Scp160p fusion protein was detected by incubation of the filter with mouse M2 anti-FLAG monoclonal antibody (10 µg/ml final concentration), followed by HRP-conjugated sheep anti-mouse secondary antibody (Amersham), diluted 1:5000 as per the manufacturer’s instructions, and ECL reagent (Amersham), followed by exposure to X-ray film.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse; sheep]
<Options>: A: peromyscus
B: ovis
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: ovis aries vignei (aka ovis vignei)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: ovis orientalis aries (aka ovis aries)
G: ovis nivicola (ovis canadensis nivicola) (aka ovis nivicola)
H: cattle (aka bos)
I: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
J: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
K: None of the above. | [I; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'FLAG–Scp160p fusion protein was detected by incubation of the filter with mouse M2 anti-FLAG monoclonal antibody (10 µg/ml final concentration), followed by HRP-conjugated sheep anti-mouse secondary antibody (Amersham), diluted 1:5000 as per the manufacturer’s instructions, and ECL reagent (Amersham), followed by exposure to X-ray film.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse; sheep]
<Options>: A: ovis ovis (aka ovis aries)
B: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
C: ovis aries vignei (aka ovis vignei)
D: dall's sheep (aka ovis dalli)
E: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
F: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
G: bovidae
H: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
I: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
J: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
K: None of the above. | [J; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'By performing a standard analysis using bovine serum albumin, the stain was able to detect ~15 ng total protein per lane.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bovidae
B: boveria
C: bovine (aka bos taurus)
D: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
E: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'RESULTS
Expression of tagged Scp160p in yeast
An N-terminal FLAG-tagged form of Scp160p was created to facilitate detection of the protein in cells and extracts (Fig. 1A).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
B: saccharomyceta
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
D: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'RESULTS
Expression of tagged Scp160p in yeast
An N-terminal FLAG-tagged form of Scp160p was created to facilitate detection of the protein in cells and extracts (Fig. 1A).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
B: saccharomyceta
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
D: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To probe functionality of this fusion protein, we used two-step gene replacement (18) to substitute the modified allele into the SCP160 locus of haploid yeast, and then tested the morphological phenotype of the resultant cells.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyceta
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
D: saccharomycodes
E: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In all cases, yeast expressing tagged Scp160p in place of the native protein appeared indistinguishable from the corresponding wild-type strains (data not shown).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
B: saccharomyceta
C: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
D: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces sp.
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a negative control, we also deleted almost the entire SCP160 coding region from the genomes of these yeast strains (Fig. 1A), and confirmed the expected mutant phenotype (data not shown).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces sp.
B: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
C: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
D: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Scp160p associates with polyribosomes
To test the hypothesis that Scp160p associates with polyribosomes we used sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation to size-fractionate subcellular components of lysates prepared from yeast expressing the N-terminal FLAG-tagged Scp160p protein.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
B: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
C: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
E: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A convenient internal control for these gradients was provided by an unknown endogenous yeast cross-reacting protein at ~100 kDa, that exemplified the migration pattern of a free protein, appearing only in the upper fractions of the gradient (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
B: saccharomyceta
C: saccharomycodes
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine whether the migration pattern of Scp160p in these sucrose gradients truly reflected association with yeast polyribosomes, lysates were pre-treated with either 30 mM EDTA or 50 U/ml', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
C: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomycodes
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The fact that RNase treatment and high salt both generated Scp160p species of similar apparent molecular weight suggests that these high salt concentrations resulted in the disassociation of RNA, and perhaps other components, from Scp160p.
Pab1p and Bfr1p are present in EDTA-resistant Scp160p-containing complexes
To determine if the >1300 kDa Scp160p-containing complexes remaining after EDTA treatment were mRNPs, we assayed for the presence of the yeast poly(A) binding protein, Pab1p, following α-FLAG affinity purification as illustrated in Figure 4. Pab1p is an abundant and well-characterized component of mRNP complexes in yeast, as well as higher eukaryotes (14,15,25).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycodes
B: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
C: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, we performed mock purifications using lysates from yeast expressing the wild-type allele of SCP160 without the FLAG epitope (Fig. 5F), or with an unrelated FLAG-tagged protein, human galactose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; human]
<Options>: A: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
B: probles
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: genus
E: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
F: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
G: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
H: biota (aka cellular organisms)
I: animals (aka metazoa)
J: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
K: None of the above. | [J; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, we performed mock purifications using lysates from yeast expressing the wild-type allele of SCP160 without the FLAG epitope (Fig. 5F), or with an unrelated FLAG-tagged protein, human galactose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; human]
<Options>: A: probles
B: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
C: saccharomyces sp.
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: kingdom
F: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
G: homo (humans) (aka homo)
H: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
I: birds (aka aves)
J: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
K: None of the above. | [D; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Monomeric Scp160p migrates as a ~450 kDa protein under native conditions
As a first step to characterize the post RNase/NaCl 450 kDa Scp160p species we compared it with Scp160p over-expressed and purified from an exogenous host, the yeast Pichia pastoris.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; pichia pastoris]
<Options>: A: komagataella pastoris (zygosaccharomyces pastoris) (aka komagataella pastoris)
B: pichia pastoris dsmz 70382 (aka komagataella pastoris dsmz 70382)
C: saccharomyces carlsbergensis (aka saccharomyces pastorianus)
D: candida monosa (aka pichia fermentans)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces pastorianus
F: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
G: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
H: saccharomycodes
I: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
J: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
K: None of the above. | [F; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Monomeric Scp160p migrates as a ~450 kDa protein under native conditions
As a first step to characterize the post RNase/NaCl 450 kDa Scp160p species we compared it with Scp160p over-expressed and purified from an exogenous host, the yeast Pichia pastoris.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; pichia pastoris]
<Options>: A: pichia pastoris (aka komagataella pastoris)
B: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
C: saccharomyces sp.
D: pichia anomala (aka wickerhamomyces anomalus)
E: saccharomyces punctispora (aka pichia punctispora)
F: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
G: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
H: candida monosa (aka pichia fermentans)
I: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
J: saccharomyces pastorianus gsy131
K: None of the above. | [F; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To test this hypothesis, yeast expressing FLAG–Scp160p were transfected with a centromeric plasmid, YCplac22–HA–Scp160p, encoding a distinct, HA-tagged allele of the protein.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
C: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces sp.
E: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As seen in Figure 7C, when yeast co-expressing the two alleles were lysed and the FLAG-tagged protein was isolated as described above, no HA–Scp160p co-purified with the FLAG–Scp160p.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
B: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
C: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The data presented here demonstrate two main points regarding the biochemical associations and function of Scp160p in yeast.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces sp.
C: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
E: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Furthermore, by utilizing yeast co-expressing two distinct epitope-tagged versions of Scp160p, we have ruled out the possibility of self-association of Scp160p.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In conclusion we have shown convincing evidence that Scp160p exists in yeast cytoplasmic extracts primarily associated with polyribosomes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
B: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
D: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In conclusion we have shown convincing evidence that Scp160p exists in yeast cytoplasmic extracts primarily associated with polyribosomes.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
B: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
D: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The presence of Pab1p suggests that Scp160p associates with polyribosomes as a component of an mRNP, demonstrating Scp160p to be the first S.cerevisiae multiple-KH domain protein characterized to function in this way.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [s.cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae synthetic construct
C: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discovery of genes implicated in whirling disease infection and resistance in rainbow trout using genome-wide expression profiling
Abstract
Background
Whirling disease, caused by the pathogen Myxobolus cerebralis, afflicts several salmonid species.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; myxobolus cerebralis]
<Options>: A: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
B: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
C: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
D: myxobolus hearti
E: henneguya cerebralis
F: oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
G: myxobolus cerebralis
H: myxobolus oralis
I: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
J: myxobolus lentisuturalis
K: None of the above. | [B; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discovery of genes implicated in whirling disease infection and resistance in rainbow trout using genome-wide expression profiling
Abstract
Background
Whirling disease, caused by the pathogen Myxobolus cerebralis, afflicts several salmonid species.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; myxobolus cerebralis]
<Options>: A: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
B: myxobolus neurofontinalis
C: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
E: myxobolus hearti
F: myxobolus oralis
G: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
H: sclerophyton cerebriforme (aka sparria cerebriformis)
I: myxobolus cerebralis
J: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
K: None of the above. | [C; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rainbow trout are particularly susceptible and may suffer high mortality rates.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
B: gila trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
C: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: salmo trutta (river trout) (aka salmo trutta)
E: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, genome-wide expression profiling using cDNA microarrays was conducted for resistant Hofer and susceptible Trout Lodge rainbow trout strains following pathogen exposure with the primary objective of identifying specific genes implicated in whirling disease resistance.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss) (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
B: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
C: sea trout (aka salmo trutta trutta)
D: japanese salmon (aka oncorhynchus masou)
E: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Several genes were significantly up-regulated in skin following pathogen exposure for both the resistant and susceptible rainbow trout strains.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: gila trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
B: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
C: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
D: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
E: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
The present study has provided an initial view into the genetic basis underlying immune response and resistance of rainbow trout to the whirling disease parasite.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
B: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
C: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: japanese salmon (aka oncorhynchus masou)
E: salmo trutta (river trout) (aka salmo trutta)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Background
Whirling disease was first described among farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a native North American salmonid species, introduced to Germany as a food fish in the late 1800s', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; oncorhynchus mykiss]
<Options>: A: salmo trutta (river trout) (aka salmo trutta)
B: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
C: oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss) (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: oncorhynchus mykiss x salmo salar
E: oncorhyncus kisutch (aka oncorhynchus kisutch)
F: oncorhynchus gilae gilae (salmo gilae gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
G: oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
H: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
I: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
J: None of the above. | [C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Background
Whirling disease was first described among farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a native North American salmonid species, introduced to Germany as a food fish in the late 1800s', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; oncorhynchus mykiss]
<Options>: A: oncorhynchus gilae gilae (salmo gilae gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
B: oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
C: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
E: oncorhyncus kisutch (aka oncorhynchus kisutch)
F: oncorhynchus mykiss x salmo salar
G: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
H: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
I: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
J: None of the above. | [C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Whirling disease is associated with systemic infections by the myxozoan Myxobolus cerebralis, a parasite with presumed origins among salmonid fish in Eurasia [2,3].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [myxobolus cerebralis]
<Options>: A: myxobolus neurofontinalis
B: myxobolus hearti
C: lentospora encephalica (aka myxobolus encephalicus)
D: myxobolus cerebralis
E: chondrococcus cerebriformis (aka archangium gephyra)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rainbow trout are highly susceptible to whirling disease and the introduction of the parasite to the U.S.A. in the 1950s had immediate economic impacts on salmonid hatcheries in both eastern and western states [2].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
B: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
C: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
E: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The disease has more recently been recognized as the principal cause of major population declines among wild rainbow trout populations in the intermountain region of the U.S.A with serious negative impacts on sportfishing and allied industries [5-7].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: salmon trout (aka oncorhynchus masou)
B: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
C: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
D: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
E: salmo trutta trutta (sea trout) (aka salmo trutta trutta)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull trout; salvelinus confluentus; cutthroat trout; oncorhynchus clarki]
<Options>: A: oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii (oncorhynchus clarki clarki) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)
B: salvelinus profundus (salmo salvelinus profundus) (aka salvelinus profundus)
C: apache trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae apache)
D: abant trout (aka salmo abanticus)
E: oncorhynchus clarki stomias (aka oncorhynchus clarkii stomias)
F: salvelinus sp. km-1999
G: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
H: salvelinus kronocius
I: oncorhynchus clarki virginalis (aka oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis)
J: lake ohrid brown trout (aka salmo letnica)
K: rv-brook trout
L: westslope cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi)
M: salvelinus
N: oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri (aka oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri)
O: oncorhynchus clarkii macdonaldi (yellowfin cutthroat trout) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii macdonaldi)
P: greenback cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii stomias)
Q: bull trout (aka salvelinus confluentus)
R: cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii)
S: None of the above. | [Q; Q; R; R] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull trout; salvelinus confluentus; cutthroat trout; oncorhynchus clarki]
<Options>: A: salvelinus kronocius
B: apache trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae apache)
C: salvelinus profundus (salmo salvelinus profundus) (aka salvelinus profundus)
D: oncorhynchus clarkii macdonaldi (yellowfin cutthroat trout) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii macdonaldi)
E: oncorhynchus clarki stomias (aka oncorhynchus clarkii stomias)
F: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
G: oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri (aka oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri)
H: abant trout (aka salmo abanticus)
I: salvelinus
J: oncorhynchus clarki virginalis (aka oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis)
K: westslope cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi)
L: greenback cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii stomias)
M: lake ohrid brown trout (aka salmo letnica)
N: bull trout (aka salvelinus confluentus)
O: rv-brook trout
P: oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii (oncorhynchus clarki clarki) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)
Q: salvelinus sp. km-1999
R: None of the above. | [N; N; R; R] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull trout; salvelinus confluentus; cutthroat trout; oncorhynchus clarki]
<Options>: A: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
B: oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris (oncorhynchus clarki seleniris) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris)
C: oncorhynchus clarki utah (aka oncorhynchus clarkii utah)
D: cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii)
E: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
F: salvia concolor
G: coastal cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)
H: manchurian trout (aka brachymystax lenok)
I: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
J: oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus (oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus)
K: salmo gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
L: sea trout (aka salmo trutta trutta)
M: bull trout (aka salvelinus confluentus)
N: salvelinus sp.
O: salmo clarkii clarkii (aka oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)
P: yellowfin cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii macdonaldi)
Q: salvelinus profundus (salmo salvelinus profundus) (aka salvelinus profundus)
R: salvelinus
S: None of the above. | [M; M; D; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull trout; salvelinus confluentus; cutthroat trout; oncorhynchus clarki]
<Options>: A: paiute cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris)
B: salvelinus namaycush (salmo namaycush) (aka salvelinus namaycush)
C: rv-brook trout
D: salvelinus leucomaenis japonicus
E: oncorhynchus clarki seleniris (aka oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris)
F: cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii)
G: oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis (oncorhynchus clarki virginalis) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis)
H: oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi (oncorhynchus clarki lewisi) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi)
I: salmo trutta (river trout) (aka salmo trutta)
J: colorado cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus)
K: rio grande cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis)
L: salvelinus alpinus salvelinus
M: speckled trout (aka cynoscion nebulosus)
N: salvelinus krogiusae
O: bull trout (aka salvelinus confluentus)
P: apache trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae apache)
Q: amu-darya trout (aka salmo trutta oxianus)
R: oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus (aka oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus)
S: None of the above. | [O; O; F; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bull trout; salvelinus confluentus; cutthroat trout; oncorhynchus clarki]
<Options>: A: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
B: salvelinus sp.
C: salvelinus evasus
D: salvelinus namaycush (salmo namaycush) (aka salvelinus namaycush)
E: salmo clarkii clarkii (aka oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)
F: salvelinus fontinalis x salvelinus malma
G: oncorhynchus clarki seleniris (aka oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris)
H: cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii)
I: bull trout (aka salvelinus confluentus)
J: salmo stomias (aka oncorhynchus clarkii stomias)
K: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
L: lake trout (aka salvelinus namaycush)
M: speckled trout (aka cynoscion nebulosus)
N: oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri (oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri) (aka oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri)
O: oncorhynchus clarki utah (aka oncorhynchus clarkii utah)
P: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
Q: manchurian trout (aka brachymystax lenok)
R: coastal cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)
S: None of the above. | [I; I; H; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [steelhead; oncorhynchus mykiss]
<Options>: A: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
B: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
C: ocean perch (aka sebastes marinus)
D: oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
E: salmo salar (atlantic salmon) (aka salmo salar)
F: cottus grunniens (aka allenbatrachus grunniens)
G: japanese salmon (aka oncorhynchus masou)
H: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
I: oncorhynchus ishikawae (aka oncorhynchus masou ishikawae)
J: None of the above. | [B; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, concerns continue over the potential negative ecologic impacts of whirling disease on wild salmonid populations, particularly threatened or endangered salmonids such as bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [steelhead; oncorhynchus mykiss]
<Options>: A: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
B: salmo kisatch (aka oncorhynchus kisutch)
C: salmoneus
D: oncorhynchus keta (chum salmon) (aka oncorhynchus keta)
E: salmo gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
F: oncorhynchus masou (japanese salmon) (aka oncorhynchus masou)
G: ocean perch (aka sebastes marinus)
H: salmo oxyrinchus (aka coregonus oxyrinchus)
I: scomber
J: None of the above. | [A; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[8,9].
Myxobolus cerebralis has a complex life cycle that includes two alternate hosts, a salmonid fish and an oligochaete worm, Tubifex tubifex [10,11].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [myxobolus cerebralis; tubifex tubifex]
<Options>: A: tubifex sp.
B: myxobolus hearti
C: myxobolus neurofontinalis
D: tubifex tubifex complex sp. ceb
E: myxobolus cerebralis
F: tubifex tubifex (lumbricus tubifex) (aka tubifex tubifex)
G: morococcus cerebrosus
H: tubifex sp. cei
I: sclerophyton cerebriforme (aka sparria cerebriformis)
J: tubifex sp. hrv-2001
K: None of the above. | [E; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[8,9].
Myxobolus cerebralis has a complex life cycle that includes two alternate hosts, a salmonid fish and an oligochaete worm, Tubifex tubifex [10,11].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [myxobolus cerebralis; tubifex tubifex]
<Options>: A: streptocephalus simplex
B: tubifex cf. tubifex mk-2019
C: sludge worm (aka tubifex tubifex)
D: tubifex benedii (aka tubificoides benedii)
E: coniophora cerebella
F: myxobolus lentisuturalis
G: polyrhachis tubifex
H: antipathozoanthus tubus
I: myxobolus cerebralis
J: chondrococcus cerebriformis (aka archangium gephyra)
K: None of the above. | [I; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[8,9].
Myxobolus cerebralis has a complex life cycle that includes two alternate hosts, a salmonid fish and an oligochaete worm, Tubifex tubifex [10,11].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [myxobolus cerebralis; tubifex tubifex]
<Options>: A: myxobolus lentisuturalis
B: chondrococcus cerebriformis (aka archangium gephyra)
C: streptocephalus simplex
D: sludge worm (aka tubifex tubifex)
E: polyrhachis tubifex
F: antipathozoanthus tubus
G: tubifex benedii (aka tubificoides benedii)
H: coniophora cerebella
I: tubifex cf. tubifex mk-2019
J: None of the above. | [J; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Infection in the salmonid host begins when microscopic waterborne actinospore stages of M. cerebralis are released from the worm and contact the skin of the fish host.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: distremocephalus
B: gyrothrix encephalarti
C: paraglomus
D: falco interstinctus (aka falco tinnunculus interstinctus)
E: paracephaleus
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Actinospores, also referred to as triactinomyxons for M. cerebralis, attach preferentially to fins and the buccal cavity where they release one or more of three coiled polar filaments which penetrate and then anchor them to the epidermis[12].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: cranidium
B: gyrothrix encephalarti
C: striatula
D: encephalartos
E: paraglomus
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Death of infected fish or ingestion by fish or avian predators releases myxospores from the fish tissues and they may be ingested by the second host, the benthic dwelling oligochaete T. tubifex [19].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [t. tubifex]
<Options>: A: tubifex cf. tubifex mk-2019
B: tubaphe
C: lumbricus tubifex (aka tubifex tubifex)
D: polyrhachis tubifex
E: tubifex sp. aeb-2002
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Susceptibility to whirling disease in U.S. rainbow trout strains is pervasive with only two of the tested native strains displaying any degree of resistance, which may be inconsistent and relatively moderate [21,22].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
B: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
C: oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
D: oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss) (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
E: japanese salmon (aka oncorhynchus masou)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hatchery rainbow trout in Germany (Hofer strain), however, have acquired a degree of resistance to whirling disease that is consistently much higher than any domestic rainbow strains and comparable to that of brown trout (Salmon trutta), which are native to Europe and typically asymptomatic following infection [23].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; brown trout; salmon trutta]
<Options>: A: rv-brown trout
B: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
C: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
D: oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
E: salmo trutta fario (river trout) (aka salmo trutta fario)
F: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
G: salmoneus
H: western australian salmon (aka arripis truttaceus)
I: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
J: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
K: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
L: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
M: apache trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae apache)
N: None of the above. | [J; C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hatchery rainbow trout in Germany (Hofer strain), however, have acquired a degree of resistance to whirling disease that is consistently much higher than any domestic rainbow strains and comparable to that of brown trout (Salmon trutta), which are native to Europe and typically asymptomatic following infection [23].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; brown trout; salmon trutta]
<Options>: A: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
B: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
C: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
D: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
E: cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii)
F: salmo trutta fario (river trout) (aka salmo trutta fario)
G: salmo gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
H: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
I: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
J: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
K: salmonidae (salmonids) (aka salmonidae)
L: western australian salmon (aka arripis truttaceus)
M: None of the above. | [H; C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hatchery rainbow trout in Germany (Hofer strain), however, have acquired a degree of resistance to whirling disease that is consistently much higher than any domestic rainbow strains and comparable to that of brown trout (Salmon trutta), which are native to Europe and typically asymptomatic following infection [23].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; brown trout; salmon trutta]
<Options>: A: salmo trutta fario (river trout) (aka salmo trutta fario)
B: cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii)
C: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
D: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
E: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
F: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
G: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
H: salmonidae (salmonids) (aka salmonidae)
I: western australian salmon (aka arripis truttaceus)
J: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
K: salmo gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
L: None of the above. | [D; L; L] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hatchery rainbow trout in Germany (Hofer strain), however, have acquired a degree of resistance to whirling disease that is consistently much higher than any domestic rainbow strains and comparable to that of brown trout (Salmon trutta), which are native to Europe and typically asymptomatic following infection [23].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; brown trout; salmon trutta]
<Options>: A: western australian salmon (aka arripis truttaceus)
B: atlantic salmon (aka salmo salar)
C: salmo trutta fario (river trout) (aka salmo trutta fario)
D: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
E: apache trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae apache)
F: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
G: lake trout (aka salvelinus namaycush)
H: cutthroat trout (aka oncorhynchus clarkii)
I: salmon trout (aka oncorhynchus masou)
J: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
K: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
L: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
M: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
N: None of the above. | [K; D; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Laboratory tests comparing rainbow trout strains under the same environmental conditions and pathogen exposure indicate that the Hofer strain's ability to combat M. cerebralis infection has a genetic basis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
B: glomus cerebriforme
C: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
D: cerebratulus
E: cranistus
F: paregle
G: mesopsocus
H: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
I: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
J: oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss) (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
K: None of the above. | [J; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Laboratory tests comparing rainbow trout strains under the same environmental conditions and pathogen exposure indicate that the Hofer strain's ability to combat M. cerebralis infection has a genetic basis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: encephalartos
B: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
C: paracephaleus
D: paraglomus
E: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
F: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
G: gila trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
H: paregle
I: cranistus
J: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
K: None of the above. | [J; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recently, controlled crosses of the Hofer strain and a susceptible strain (Colorado River rainbow trout [CRR]) demonstrated that resistance to whirling disease was inherited by progeny [24] and heritability estimates are currently underway.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
B: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
C: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
D: sea trout (aka salmo trutta trutta)
E: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The discovery of the resistant Hofer strain allowed us to conduct an intraspecific comparison of susceptible and resistant rainbow trout in order to gain insight into the genetic basis underlying whirling disease susceptibility for this species.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
B: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
C: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
D: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
E: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, microarray analysis was used to examine expression changes in a resistant and susceptible strain of rainbow trout following exposure to M. cerebralis, the pathogen causing whirling disease.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
B: paraglomus
C: mesopsocus
D: somniosus
E: salmons and trouts (aka salmoniformes)
F: salmo trutta trutta (sea trout) (aka salmo trutta trutta)
G: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
H: cranidium
I: neuroctenus
J: japanese salmon (aka oncorhynchus masou)
K: None of the above. | [G; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, microarray analysis was used to examine expression changes in a resistant and susceptible strain of rainbow trout following exposure to M. cerebralis, the pathogen causing whirling disease.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
B: mesopeplum
C: gila trout (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
D: mesopsocus
E: cerebratulus
F: japanese salmon (aka oncorhynchus masou)
G: striatula
H: neurocallis
I: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
J: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
K: None of the above. | [J; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have also found a gene which is significantly up-regulated in the resistant but remains unchanged in the susceptible rainbow trout strain following pathogen exposure that is a likely candidate gene for involvement in conferring whirling disease resistance.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
B: salmo gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
C: sea trout (aka salmo trutta trutta)
D: salmon trout (aka oncorhynchus masou)
E: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results and Discussion
Quantitative PCR conducted on caudal fin tissues at two hours post exposure to M. cerebralis demonstrated each fish strain had similar initial pathogen loads, although there was substantial variation between individual fish within each strain.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: striatula
B: cerebratulus
C: paregle
D: gyrothrix encephalarti
E: somniosus
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These mean values and standard deviations are similar to those obtained in additional studies of susceptible rainbow trout when examined at early time points post TAM exposure (unpublished data).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: salmo trutta (river trout) (aka salmo trutta)
B: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
C: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
E: salmo trutta trutta (sea trout) (aka salmo trutta trutta)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In order to study genes involved in whirling disease response, resistant and susceptible rainbow trout strains were exposed to M. cerebralis and RNA from skin tissue was converted to cDNA and hybridized onto microarrays.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: paregle
B: striatula
C: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: micronisus
E: paracephaleus
F: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
G: salmo trutta (river trout) (aka salmo trutta)
H: cerebratulus
I: sea trout (aka salmo trutta trutta)
J: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
K: None of the above. | [C; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In order to study genes involved in whirling disease response, resistant and susceptible rainbow trout strains were exposed to M. cerebralis and RNA from skin tissue was converted to cDNA and hybridized onto microarrays.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: striatula
B: cranistus
C: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
D: salmo trutta trutta (sea trout) (aka salmo trutta trutta)
E: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
F: somniosus
G: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
H: glomus cerebriforme
I: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
J: distremocephalus
K: None of the above. | [E; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In order to study genes involved in whirling disease response, resistant and susceptible rainbow trout strains were exposed to M. cerebralis and RNA from skin tissue was converted to cDNA and hybridized onto microarrays.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout; m. cerebralis]
<Options>: A: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
B: glomus cerebriforme
C: salmo trutta trutta (sea trout) (aka salmo trutta trutta)
D: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
E: striatula
F: distremocephalus
G: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
H: cranistus
I: somniosus
J: None of the above. | [J; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A combined total of 17 genes or features (14 annotated genes, 3 unknown features) were differentially expressed in one or both strains following pathogen exposure and are involved with rainbow trout infection response to whirling disease exposure.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
B: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
C: sea trout (aka salmo trutta trutta)
D: rainbow trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
E: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is our hope that future genome sequencing will enable the construction of more comprehensive microarray platforms for economically important aquaculture species, such as Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [atlantic salmon; rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: salmoneus
B: salmo trutta (river trout) (aka salmo trutta)
C: oncorhynchus mykiss (oncorhynchus nerka mykiss) (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
D: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
E: japanese salmon (aka oncorhynchus masou)
F: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
G: sea trout (aka salmo trutta trutta)
H: golden trout (aka oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita)
I: atlantic salmon (aka salmo salar)
J: sockeye salmon (aka oncorhynchus nerka)
K: None of the above. | [I; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is our hope that future genome sequencing will enable the construction of more comprehensive microarray platforms for economically important aquaculture species, such as Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [atlantic salmon; rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: river trout (aka salmo trutta)
B: salmoneus
C: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
D: oncorhynchus gilae (salmo gilae) (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
E: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
F: salmo salar (atlantic salmon) (aka salmo salar)
G: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
H: river trout (aka salmo trutta fario)
I: salmonid fish
J: None of the above. | [F; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additionally, the comparison of two rainbow trout strains (i.e., resistant versus susceptible) added another layer of complexity to the analysis.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rainbow trout]
<Options>: A: salmon trout (aka oncorhynchus masou)
B: salmo mykiss (aka oncorhynchus mykiss)
C: salmo keta (aka oncorhynchus keta)
D: brook trout (aka salvelinus fontinalis)
E: salmo trutta trutta (sea trout) (aka salmo trutta trutta)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) induced protein and neighbor of COX-4 are the only annotated genes without known molecular functions.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus; vhsv]
<Options>: A: viral haemorrhagic scepticaemia virus vhs (aka viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)
B: vibrio virus vhml (aka vhmlvirus vhml)
C: vibrio harveyi bacteriophage vhml (aka vibrio phage vhml)
D: haemorrhagic kidney syndrome virus
E: vibrio phage vb_vhas-vhb1
F: viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus ia (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype ia) (aka viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus ia)
G: vector vhb
H: shfv (aka simian hemorrhagic fever virus) (aka simian hemorrhagic fever virus)
I: viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus strain makah (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (strain makah)) (aka viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus strain makah)
J: None of the above. | [A; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) induced protein and neighbor of COX-4 are the only annotated genes without known molecular functions.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus; vhsv]
<Options>: A: shfv (aka simian hemorrhagic fever virus) (aka simian hemorrhagic fever virus)
B: crimean-congo hemorrhagic virus (aka orthonairovirus haemorrhagiae)
C: his1v (aka his 1 virus)
D: harvey murine sarcoma virus
E: vector vhb
F: haemorrhagic kidney syndrome virus
G: vibrio harveyi bacteriophage vhml (aka vibrio phage vhml)
H: viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus strain makah (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (strain makah)) (aka viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus strain makah)
I: viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv (aka viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus))
J: None of the above. | [I; I] |
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