instruction stringlengths 225 2.35k | input stringlengths 89 1.5k | response stringclasses 698 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Isolation with Migration model
To further examine the gene flow between L. intermedia and L. whitmani we used the IM software [39].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
C: plagiostomum whitmani
D: licuala intermedia
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: vellozia intermedia
G: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
H: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
I: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
J: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
K: None of the above. | [A; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Maximum likelihood estimates of migration parameters revealed a non-zero value for both species, m1 = 1.398 and m2 = 1.014 (m1 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia; m2 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: chionodes whitmanella
B: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: harttiella intermedia
D: leptophlebia intermedia
E: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
F: orobdella whitmani
G: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
H: somalicharmus whitmanae
I: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
J: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
K: None of the above. | [I; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Maximum likelihood estimates of migration parameters revealed a non-zero value for both species, m1 = 1.398 and m2 = 1.014 (m1 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia; m2 – from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: plagiostomum whitmani
B: mancinella intermedia
C: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
D: licuala intermedia
E: vellozia intermedia
F: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
G: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
H: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
I: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
J: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
K: None of the above. | [J; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fig 5 shows the posterior distributions for migration rates and reveals a null probability for the absence of migration from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
B: harttiella intermedia
C: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
D: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
E: calamus whitmorei
F: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
G: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
H: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
I: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
J: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
K: None of the above. | [J; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fig 5 shows the posterior distributions for migration rates and reveals a null probability for the absence of migration from L. whitmani towards L. intermedia.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
B: chtonobdella whitmani (geobdella whitmani) (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
C: vellozia intermedia
D: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: leptophlebia intermedia
F: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: plagiostomum whitmani
H: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
I: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
J: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
K: None of the above. | [I; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
There is some evidence that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might represent sibling-species complexes in Brazil.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
C: licuala intermedia
D: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
E: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
F: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
H: dipturus whitleyi (spiniraja whitleyi) (aka dipturus whitleyi)
I: orobdella whitmani
J: leishmania killicki
K: None of the above. | [F; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
There is some evidence that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might represent sibling-species complexes in Brazil.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
B: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
C: chionodes whitmanella
D: leptonema intermedium
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
G: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
H: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
I: vellozia intermedia
J: calamus whitmorei
K: None of the above. | [G; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lutzomyia neivai Pinto 1926, a sibling of L. intermedia is found in parts of Southern and Western Brazil and some other countries of South America', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [lutzomyia neivai; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: dipsas neivai
C: leptonema intermedium
D: paphia nenia (aka memphis nenia)
E: phlebotomus neivai (aka nyssomyia neivai)
F: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
G: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
H: oldenburgia intermedia
I: lutzomyia alencari
J: lachenalia neilii
K: None of the above. | [E; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lutzomyia neivai Pinto 1926, a sibling of L. intermedia is found in parts of Southern and Western Brazil and some other countries of South America', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [lutzomyia neivai; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: lutzomyia sp. wkr-2017
B: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: licuala intermedia
D: leptostylus neivai
E: oldenburgia intermedia
F: miconia neei
G: phlebotomus neivai (aka nyssomyia neivai)
H: leptophlebia intermedia
I: lachenalia neilii
J: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
K: None of the above. | [G; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the case of L. whitmani, mitochondrial data [3,6] indicates three main lineages in Brazil: an Amazonian group, a North-South group and a Northeast group.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: spiniraja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
D: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We did not find strong evidence of a geographical differentiation in the period gene among populations of L. whitmani although one of the pairwise Fst comparisons (Posse × Ilhéus) was significant at the 5% level.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
D: leishmania killicki
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani; lutzomyia longipalpis]
<Options>: A: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: orobdella whitmani
C: aphrodita longipalpa
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: phlebotomus longipalpis (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
F: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
G: stegomyia longipalpis (aka aedes longipalpis)
H: leptonema intermedium
I: neophyllomyza longipalpis (aka phyllomyza longipalpis)
J: remotomyia longipalpus
K: leishmania killicki
L: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
M: calamus whitmorei
N: leptophlebia intermedia
O: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
P: None of the above. | [A; O; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani; lutzomyia longipalpis]
<Options>: A: aphrodita longipalpa
B: orobdella whitmani
C: leptophlebia intermedia
D: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
E: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
F: leptonema intermedium
G: stegomyia longipalpis (aka aedes longipalpis)
H: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
I: remotomyia longipalpus
J: calamus whitmorei
K: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
L: neophyllomyza longipalpis (aka phyllomyza longipalpis)
M: leishmania killicki
N: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
O: None of the above. | [N; H; O] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani; lutzomyia longipalpis]
<Options>: A: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
B: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
C: microleon longipalpis
D: remotomyia longipalpus
E: lomanius longipalpus longipalpus
F: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
G: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
H: mancinella intermedia
I: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
J: lutzomyia longipalpis (phlebotomus longipalpis) (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
K: leptophlebia intermedia
L: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
M: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
N: leishmania killicki
O: microleon longipalpus
P: None of the above. | [I; L; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When we compare L. intermedia and L. whitmani, we find a highly significant Fst value (0.3373), which is however smaller than that observed for the period gene between sympatric siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Fst = 0.3952)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani; lutzomyia longipalpis]
<Options>: A: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: microleon longipalpus
C: phyllomyza longipalpis (neophyllomyza longipalpis) (aka phyllomyza longipalpis)
D: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
F: mancinella intermedia
G: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
H: leicesteria longipalpis (aka armigeres longipalpis)
I: phlebotomus longipalpis (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
J: leptonema intermedium
K: vellozia intermedia
L: microleon longipalpis
M: calamus whitmorei
N: orobdella whitmani
O: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
P: None of the above. | [A; D; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, despite the presence of diagnostic morphological characters to identify L. intermedia and L. whitmani [1] the level of molecular divergence in period is not as high as the cryptic L. longipalpis siblings.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani; l. longipalpis]
<Options>: A: oldenburgia intermedia
B: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
C: licuala intermedia
D: phlebotomus longipalpis (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
E: mancinella intermedia
F: somalicharmus whitmanae
G: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
H: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
I: neophyllomyza longipalpis (aka phyllomyza longipalpis)
J: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
K: anopheles longipalpis c
L: eclimus longipalpis (aka thevenetimyia longipalpus)
M: spiniraja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
N: orobdella whitmani
O: erigone longipalpis (linyphia longipalpis) (aka erigone longipalpis)
P: None of the above. | [H; G; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, despite the presence of diagnostic morphological characters to identify L. intermedia and L. whitmani [1] the level of molecular divergence in period is not as high as the cryptic L. longipalpis siblings.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani; l. longipalpis]
<Options>: A: lactobacillus intermedius ('lactobacillus intermedius') (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
B: phlebotomus longipalpis (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
C: leptophlebia intermedia
D: somalicharmus whitmanae
E: microleon longipalpis
F: leptonema intermedium
G: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
H: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
I: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
J: eclimus longipalpis (aka thevenetimyia longipalpus)
K: longipalpus
L: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
M: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
N: calamus whitmorei
O: erigone longipalpis (linyphia longipalpis) (aka erigone longipalpis)
P: None of the above. | [I; L; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Therefore, despite the presence of diagnostic morphological characters to identify L. intermedia and L. whitmani [1] the level of molecular divergence in period is not as high as the cryptic L. longipalpis siblings.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani; l. longipalpis]
<Options>: A: harttiella intermedia
B: leishmania killicki
C: longipalpus
D: stegomyia longipalpis (aka aedes longipalpis)
E: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: thevenetimyia longipalpus (eclimus longipalpis) (aka thevenetimyia longipalpus)
G: licuala intermedia
H: linyphia longipalpis (aka erigone longipalpis)
I: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
J: oldenburgia intermedia
K: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
L: dipturus whitleyi (spiniraja whitleyi) (aka dipturus whitleyi)
M: orobdella whitmani
N: calamus whitmorei
O: phlebotomus longipalpis (aka lutzomyia longipalpis)
P: None of the above. | [I; E; O] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[38] as well as simulations that fit the "Isolation with Migration" model to the data suggest that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might be exchanging alleles at the per locus.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
C: calamus whitmorei
D: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
E: vellozia intermedia
F: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: somalicharmus whitmanae
H: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
I: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
J: oldenburgia intermedia
K: None of the above. | [F; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[38] as well as simulations that fit the "Isolation with Migration" model to the data suggest that L. intermedia and L. whitmani might be exchanging alleles at the per locus.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: vellozia intermedia
C: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
D: leptophlebia intermedia
E: chionodes whitmanella
F: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
G: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
H: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
I: chtonobdella whitmani (geobdella whitmani) (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
J: somalicharmus whitmanae
K: None of the above. | [H; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Introgression of genes that control adaptation to particular types of environment can also have a major impact on the spread of vector-borne diseases as was proposed for the major African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae [41].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [anopheles gambiae]
<Options>: A: anopheles <genus> (anopheles) (aka anopheles <genus>)
B: anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (aka anopheles gambiae)
C: anopheles dirus sensu stricto (aka anopheles dirus)
D: anopheles sp. a/1
E: anopheles gambiae x anopheles arabiensis
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Introgression of genes that control adaptation to particular types of environment can also have a major impact on the spread of vector-borne diseases as was proposed for the major African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae [41].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [anopheles gambiae]
<Options>: A: anopheles sp. a/1
B: anopheles gambiae x anopheles arabiensis
C: anopheles <genus> (anopheles) (aka anopheles <genus>)
D: anopheles dirus sensu stricto (aka anopheles dirus)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[42] found a kdr mutation responsible for pyrethroid resistance in the Mopti form of Anopheles gambiae, a normally susceptible taxon of this species complex.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [anopheles gambiae]
<Options>: A: anopheles sp.
B: anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (aka anopheles gambiae)
C: anopheles gambiae x anopheles merus
D: anopheles minor
E: anopheles arabiensis
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although L. intermedia and L. whitmani are closely related and only distinguished by a few morphological differences, they do show differentiation in some other important traits.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
B: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
C: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
D: leishmania killicki
E: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: calamus whitmorei
H: plagiostomum whitmani
I: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
J: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
K: None of the above. | [F; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although L. intermedia and L. whitmani are closely related and only distinguished by a few morphological differences, they do show differentiation in some other important traits.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
B: leishmania killicki
C: calamus whitmorei
D: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
E: leptophlebia intermedia
F: leptonema intermedium
G: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
H: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
I: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
J: harttiella intermedia
K: None of the above. | [D; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. intermedia is more abundant in the summer while L. whitmani is more frequent in the winter months', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: lemmaphyllum intermedium (lepidogrammitis intermedia) (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
C: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
E: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
F: dipturus whitleyi (spiniraja whitleyi) (aka dipturus whitleyi)
G: orobdella whitmani
H: licuala intermedia
I: harttiella intermedia
J: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
K: None of the above. | [C; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. intermedia is more abundant in the summer while L. whitmani is more frequent in the winter months', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: somalicharmus whitmanae
B: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: leishmania killicki
D: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
E: planchonella whitmorei (pouteria whitmorei) (aka planchonella whitmorei)
F: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: mancinella intermedia
H: oldenburgia intermedia
I: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
J: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
K: None of the above. | [F; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They also show differences in microhabitat preferences, L. intermedia being more common in the peridomestic area while L. whitmani is found mainly in the surrounding forest [2].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
B: calamus whitmorei
C: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
D: oldenburgia intermedia
E: somalicharmus whitmanae
F: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: harttiella intermedia
H: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
I: plagiostomum whitmani
J: orobdella whitmani
K: None of the above. | [F; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'They also show differences in microhabitat preferences, L. intermedia being more common in the peridomestic area while L. whitmani is found mainly in the surrounding forest [2].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: chionodes whitmanella
B: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: harttiella intermedia
D: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
E: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
G: plagiostomum whitmani
H: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
I: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
J: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
K: None of the above. | [B; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the two species show marked differences in their tendencies to bite humans in the early morning, with L. whitmani showing higher feeding rates than L. intermedia', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [humans; l. whitmani; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
B: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
C: hominoidea (apes (aka hominoidea))
D: humans (aka homo)
E: mancinella intermedia
F: orobdella whitmani
G: macrobiotus sapiens
H: chtonobdella whitmani (geobdella whitmani) (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
I: licuala intermedia
J: kingdom
K: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
L: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
M: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
N: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
O: calamus whitmorei
P: None of the above. | [L; M; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the two species show marked differences in their tendencies to bite humans in the early morning, with L. whitmani showing higher feeding rates than L. intermedia', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [humans; l. whitmani; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: mammals (aka mammalia)
B: licuala intermedia
C: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
D: dipturus whitleyi (spiniraja whitleyi) (aka dipturus whitleyi)
E: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
F: species
G: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
H: plagiostomum whitmani
I: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
J: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
K: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
L: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
M: human (aka homo sapiens)
N: genus
O: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
P: None of the above. | [M; G; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the two species show marked differences in their tendencies to bite humans in the early morning, with L. whitmani showing higher feeding rates than L. intermedia', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [humans; l. whitmani; l. intermedia]
<Options>: A: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
B: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
C: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
D: chionodes whitmanella
E: leishmania killicki
F: oldenburgia intermedia
G: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
H: orobdella whitmani
I: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
J: kingdom
K: neanderthal man (aka homo sapiens neanderthalensis)
L: macrobiotus sapiens
M: genus
N: human (aka homo sapiens)
O: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
P: None of the above. | [N; C; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hence, it is yet not clear whether introgression has played an important role in the evolution of L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: somalicharmus whitmanae
B: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
C: leishmania killicki
D: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
E: licuala intermedia
F: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: chtonobdella whitmani (geobdella whitmani) (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
H: plagiostomum whitmani
I: mancinella intermedia
J: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
K: None of the above. | [F; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Hence, it is yet not clear whether introgression has played an important role in the evolution of L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
B: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
C: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
D: leishmania killicki
E: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
F: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
G: leptonema intermedium
H: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
I: mancinella intermedia
J: plagiostomum whitmani
K: None of the above. | [F; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Evidence for introgression between L. intermedia and L. whitmani obtained using mitochondrial DNA', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: leptophlebia intermedia
B: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
C: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
D: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
F: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
G: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
H: harttiella intermedia
I: licuala intermedia
J: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
K: None of the above. | [E; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Evidence for introgression between L. intermedia and L. whitmani obtained using mitochondrial DNA', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
C: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
D: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
E: leptophlebia intermedia
F: oldenburgia intermedia
G: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
H: orobdella whitmani
I: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
J: leishmania killicki
K: None of the above. | [A; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Evidence for introgression between L. intermedia and L. whitmani obtained using mitochondrial DNA', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: lepidogrammitis intermedia (aka lemmaphyllum intermedium)
B: lutzomyia intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: leptophlebia intermedia
D: leishmania killicki
E: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
F: oldenburgia intermedia
G: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
H: orobdella whitmani
I: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
J: None of the above. | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It might, on the other hand, suggest that this behavioral gene, or at least the fragment we analyzed, did not play a role in speciation between L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
C: dipturus whitleyi (spiniraja whitleyi) (aka dipturus whitleyi)
D: licuala intermedia
E: leptophlebia intermedia
F: oldenburgia intermedia
G: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
H: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
I: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
J: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
K: None of the above. | [H; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It might, on the other hand, suggest that this behavioral gene, or at least the fragment we analyzed, did not play a role in speciation between L. intermedia and L. whitmani.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
B: leptophlebia intermedia
C: plagiostomum whitmani
D: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
E: leishmania killicki
F: leptonema intermedium
G: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
H: spiniraja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
I: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
J: orobdella whitmani
K: None of the above. | [A; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[44] despite per's role controlling lovesong and mating rhythm differences between D. melanogaster and D. simulans [13-16].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [d. melanogaster; d. simulans]
<Options>: A: drosophila (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
B: drosophila simulans
C: hawaiian drosophila
D: alfaria simulans (gnamptogenys simulans) (aka alfaria simulans)
E: flies (aka diptera)
F: melanogaster group
G: crassula simulans
H: drosophila similis similis
I: pleiospilos simulans
J: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
K: None of the above. | [J; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[44] despite per's role controlling lovesong and mating rhythm differences between D. melanogaster and D. simulans [13-16].
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [d. melanogaster; d. simulans]
<Options>: A: fruit flies (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
B: crassula simulans
C: melanogaster subgroup
D: melanogaster group
E: paramollugo simulans
F: dipodomys simulans simulans
G: pleiospilos simulans
H: bactrocera (bactrocera) melanogaster (aka bactrocera melanogaster)
I: drosophila simulans
J: drosophila melanogaster (sophophora melanogaster) (aka drosophila melanogaster)
K: None of the above. | [J; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although the evidence for introgression in the per gene between L. intermedia and L. whitmani is not overwhelming, it does indicate the need to extend this analysis to other loci in the future.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
B: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
C: leishmania killicki
D: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: chionodes whitmanella
F: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
G: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
H: harttiella intermedia
I: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
J: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
K: None of the above. | [I; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although the evidence for introgression in the per gene between L. intermedia and L. whitmani is not overwhelming, it does indicate the need to extend this analysis to other loci in the future.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: typhlopsylla intermedia (aka adoratopsylla intermedia)
B: harttiella intermedia
C: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
D: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
E: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
F: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
G: leishmania killicki
H: chionodes whitmanella
I: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
J: None of the above. | [J; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although the evidence for introgression in the per gene between L. intermedia and L. whitmani is not overwhelming, it does indicate the need to extend this analysis to other loci in the future.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
B: hilara intermedia (empis intermedia) (aka hilara intermedia)
C: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: orobdella whitmani
E: calamus whitmorei
F: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
G: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
H: quadrula intermedia (aka theliderma intermedia)
I: somalicharmus whitmanae
J: vellozia intermedia
K: None of the above. | [C; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. intermedia and L. whitmani were identified according to Young and Duncan [1].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: mancinella intermedia
B: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
C: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
E: calamus whitmorei
F: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
G: leishmania mexicana amazonensis (aka leishmania amazonensis)
H: pouteria whitmorei (aka planchonella whitmorei)
I: nyssomyia intermedia (lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia) (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
J: harttiella intermedia
K: None of the above. | [I; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'L. intermedia and L. whitmani were identified according to Young and Duncan [1].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: licuala intermedia
B: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
C: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
D: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: leptonema intermedium
F: plagiostomum whitmani
G: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
H: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
I: bacterium whitmori (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
J: harttiella intermedia
K: None of the above. | [C; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[45] and only one F1 male of each female was used for the molecular analysis, which included 68 individuals of L. intermedia (12 from Afonso Claudio, 18 from Posse, 20 from Corte de Pedra and 18 from Jacarepaguá) and 51 individuals of L. whitmani (12 from Afonso Claudio, 17 from Posse, 3 from Corte de Pedra and 19 from Ilhéus).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: molpadia intermedia (trochostoma intermedium) (aka molpadia intermedia)
B: phlebotomus intermedius (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: 'lactobacillus intermedius' (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
D: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
E: geobdella whitmani (aka chtonobdella whitmani)
F: oldenburgia intermedia
G: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
H: leishmania killicki
I: leptonema intermedium
J: plagiostomum whitmani
K: None of the above. | [B; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[45] and only one F1 male of each female was used for the molecular analysis, which included 68 individuals of L. intermedia (12 from Afonso Claudio, 18 from Posse, 20 from Corte de Pedra and 18 from Jacarepaguá) and 51 individuals of L. whitmani (12 from Afonso Claudio, 17 from Posse, 3 from Corte de Pedra and 19 from Ilhéus).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: flebotomus whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
B: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
C: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
D: chionodes whitmanella
E: lactobacillus intermedius ('lactobacillus intermedius') (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
F: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
G: leptophlebia intermedia
H: oldenburgia intermedia
I: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
J: somalicharmus whitmanae
K: None of the above. | [B; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[45] and only one F1 male of each female was used for the molecular analysis, which included 68 individuals of L. intermedia (12 from Afonso Claudio, 18 from Posse, 20 from Corte de Pedra and 18 from Jacarepaguá) and 51 individuals of L. whitmani (12 from Afonso Claudio, 17 from Posse, 3 from Corte de Pedra and 19 from Ilhéus).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. intermedia; l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: raja whitleyi (aka dipturus whitleyi)
B: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
C: leptophlebia intermedia
D: somalicharmus whitmanae
E: lestrolepis intermedia (lestidium intermedium) (aka lestrolepis intermedia)
F: lactobacillus intermedius ('lactobacillus intermedius') (aka lactobacillus intermedius)
G: chionodes whitmanella
H: lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (aka nyssomyia intermedia)
I: oldenburgia intermedia
J: None of the above. | [H; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'With the exception of two L. whitmani individuals from Corte de Pedra (see below), only one sequence of each sand fly (representing one of the two possible alleles) was used in the analysis but an average of three sequences per individual were obtained in order to check possible PCR induced mutations.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: plagiostomum whitmani
B: leishmania mexicana venezuelensis (leishmania (leishmania) venezuelensis) (aka leishmania mexicana venezuelensis)
C: chionodes whitmanella
D: calamus whitmorei
E: nyssomyia whitmani (flebotomus whitmani) (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the case of the two L. whitmani mentioned above 6 and 9 clones were sequenced respectively from specimens WCP01 and WCP03 to determine both alleles simply to increase the size of this small sample.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [l. whitmani]
<Options>: A: egernia whitii (aka liopholis whitii)
B: somalicharmus whitmanae
C: orobdella whitmani
D: lutzomyia whitmani (aka nyssomyia whitmani)
E: plagiostomum whitmani
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rap1p and other transcriptional regulators can function in defining distinct domains of gene expression
Abstract
Barrier elements that are able to block the propagation of transcriptional silencing in yeast are functionally similar to chromatin boundary/insulator elements in metazoans that delimit functional chromosomal domains.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The HML and HMR loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are silent chromatin domains (1).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [saccharomyces cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces uvarum
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces paradoxus
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces paradoxus
E: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The SIR complex consisting of Sir2p through Sir4p is an integral part of yeast silent chromatin.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
B: saccharomycodes
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
D: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
E: saccharomyces sp.
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In vertebrates and fission yeast, spread of silent chromatin involves a chain of events of histone H3 deacetylation → H3 methylation → binding of methylated H3 by HP1 (heterochromatin protein 1) or swi6 (4).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyceta
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
C: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
D: saccharomycodes
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In S.cerevisiae, there is evidence that Sir3p (hence the SIR complex) has much higher affinity to unacetylated histone H4 than acetylated H4 (5).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [s.cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces globosus (aka saccharomyces uvarum)
B: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyceta
D: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces paradoxus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'One of the best characterized insulators is the chicken HS4 insulator at the β-globin locus.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken]
<Options>: A: gallasellus
B: birds (aka aves)
C: gallorhynchus
D: turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
E: gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recently, sequences that could block the spread of silent chromatin have been discovered in S.cerevisiae (7,8).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [s.cerevisiae]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
C: saccharomyces cerevisiae synthetic construct
D: true yeasts (aka saccharomycotina)
E: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The mechanisms underlying barrier functions in yeast are not known.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces sp.
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
C: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
D: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
E: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The mechanisms underlying barrier functions in yeast are not known.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces sp.
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
C: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
D: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, we found that in addition to TEF2-UAS, UASs of many yeast genes exhibit barrier activity.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomycodes
C: saccharomyceta
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA)
Rap1p was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) from pL3S5, a pET vector carrying the RAP1 gene downstream of a T7 promoter (26).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [escherichia coli bl21 (de3)]
<Options>: A: escherichia phage de3 (enterobacteria phage de3) (aka escherichia phage de3)
B: escherichia coli jj2668
C: escherichia coli strain bl21(de3) (aka escherichia coli bl21(de3))
D: pseudomonas aeruginosa bl21
E: escherichia coli mg1657 (escherichia coli strain mg1657) (aka escherichia coli mg1657)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '5 µg of crude protein extract, non-specific competitor DNAs (0.3 µg of yeast tRNA, 0.3 µg of salmon sperm DNA and 0.5 µg of E.coli DNA), 10 µg of BSA, 10 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.0), 10 mM MgCl2 and 8% glycerol.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; salmon; e.coli]
<Options>: A: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
B: salmoneus
C: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
D: salmon trout (aka oncorhynchus masou)
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
G: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
H: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
I: oncorhynchus keta (chum salmon) (aka oncorhynchus keta)
J: unspecified coliform bacterium
K: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
L: saccharomyceta
M: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
N: salmonidae (salmonids) (aka salmonidae)
O: escherichia sp.
P: None of the above. | [E; N; M] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '5 µg of crude protein extract, non-specific competitor DNAs (0.3 µg of yeast tRNA, 0.3 µg of salmon sperm DNA and 0.5 µg of E.coli DNA), 10 µg of BSA, 10 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.0), 10 mM MgCl2 and 8% glycerol.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; salmon; e.coli]
<Options>: A: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
B: escherichia
C: salmo gilae gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae gilae)
D: escherichia phage
E: saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
F: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
G: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
H: unspecified coliform bacterium
I: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
J: saccharomycodes
K: salmonid fish
L: black sea salmon (aka salmo labrax)
M: salmonids (aka salmonidae)
N: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
O: salmo gilae (aka oncorhynchus gilae)
P: None of the above. | [G; M; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '5 µg of crude protein extract, non-specific competitor DNAs (0.3 µg of yeast tRNA, 0.3 µg of salmon sperm DNA and 0.5 µg of E.coli DNA), 10 µg of BSA, 10 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.0), 10 mM MgCl2 and 8% glycerol.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast; salmon; e.coli]
<Options>: A: trouts, salmons & chars (aka salmoninae)
B: atlantic salmon (aka salmo salar)
C: saccharomycodes
D: baker's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
F: oncorhynchus keta (chum salmon) (aka oncorhynchus keta)
G: salmonid fish
H: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
I: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
J: escherichia sp.
K: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
L: salmonids (aka salmonidae)
M: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
N: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
O: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
P: None of the above. | [D; L; K] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Analysis of the supercoiling of DNA circles
Cells were grown in YPR (yeast extract + bacto peptone + 2% raffinose) to early log phase.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae x saccharomyces mikatae
B: mycoderma cerevisiae (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
C: saccharomyces albicans (aka candida albicans)
D: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
E: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'TEF2 encoding translation elongation factor 1α is one of the most highly expressed genes in yeast (27).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883 (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomycetes (hemiascomycetes) (aka saccharomycetes)
C: budding yeasts & others (aka saccharomycotina)
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: saccharomycodes
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this report we used the topology assay to address if barrier elements altered local chromatin structure as Drosophila or chicken insulators did (40,41).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [drosophila; chicken]
<Options>: A: gallus
B: turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
C: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
D: galliformes (landfowls) (aka galliformes)
E: melanogaster group
F: fruit flies (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
G: flies (aka diptera)
H: chicken (aka gallus gallus)
I: gallus sp.
J: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
K: None of the above. | [F; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this report we used the topology assay to address if barrier elements altered local chromatin structure as Drosophila or chicken insulators did (40,41).
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [drosophila; chicken]
<Options>: A: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <flies>)
B: gallus gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
C: gallorhynchus
D: fruit flies (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
E: gallus sp.
F: miletus gallus gallus
G: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <basidiomycete fungi>)
H: avian (aka aves)
I: drosophila melanogaster (sophophora melanogaster) (aka drosophila melanogaster)
J: drosophila <basidiomycete fungi> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
K: None of the above. | [D; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Various sequences (designated X) from UASs of TEF2, AgTEF (TEF gene from Ashbya gossypii) and ADE2 were inserted between HML-E and HMLα at HMLΔI (HML locus deleted for the I silencer) flanked by the FRT sites for the Flp1p site-specific recombinase (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ashbya gossypii]
<Options>: A: ashbya gossypii (s.f. ashby & w. nowell) guillierm., 1928 (aka eremothecium gossypii)
B: antrodia gossypium (aka fibroporia gossypium)
C: aphis gossypii (cotton aphid) (aka aphis gossypii)
D: occultella gossypii
E: aphelinus gossypii
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'These newly identified barrier elements together with previously described barrier elements (STARs, HMR-tRNA gene, TEF2-UAS and CHA1-UAS) (9–11,21) are scattered across the yeast genome and may play a role in dividing the genome into functional domains.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae
C: saccharomyces sp.
D: saccharomyces hansenii (aka debaryomyces hansenii)
E: brewer's yeast (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, the chicken β-globin insulator was linked to changes in nucleosome positioning, and the Drosophila scs and scs′ boundary elements are associated with unusual chromatin structures that are hypersensitive to nucleases (40,41).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken; drosophila]
<Options>: A: turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
B: gallorhynchus
C: drosophila <basidiomycete fungi> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <basidiomycete fungi>)
D: gallus gallus gallus (gallus gallus philippensis) (aka gallus gallus gallus)
E: melanogaster <flies> (melanogaster) (aka melanogaster <flies>)
F: gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
G: drosophila <flies,subgenus> (drosophila) (aka drosophila <flies,subgenus>)
H: drosophila <flies,genus> (fruit flies) (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
I: avian (aka aves)
J: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
K: None of the above. | [F; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'For instance, the chicken β-globin insulator was linked to changes in nucleosome positioning, and the Drosophila scs and scs′ boundary elements are associated with unusual chromatin structures that are hypersensitive to nucleases (40,41).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken; drosophila]
<Options>: A: hawaiian drosophila
B: flies (aka diptera)
C: miletus gallus gallus
D: melanogaster (aka melanogaster <flies>)
E: gallorhynchus
F: fruit fly (aka drosophila melanogaster)
G: wild turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
H: drosophila (aka drosophila <flies,genus>)
I: gallasellus
J: gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
K: None of the above. | [J; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, it is not clear whether any chromatin change associated with barrier function in yeast or insulator function in higher cells is the cause or effect of the function.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces lactis (aka kluyveromyces lactis)
B: saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus (saccharomyces cerevisiae or paradoxus) (aka saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus)
C: budding yeasts & others (aka saccharomycotina)
D: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
E: saccharomyces sp.
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In fact, recruitment of HAT activity has also been suggested to be the mechanism underlying the function of the chicken β-globin insulator (6), although it was not known what HAT might be involved.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chicken]
<Options>: A: gallio
B: gallus
C: wild turkey (aka meleagris gallopavo)
D: gallus gallus domesticus (aka gallus gallus)
E: arilus gallus
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Host immunity in the protective response to vaccination with heat-killed Burkholderia mallei
Abstract
Background
We performed initial cell, cytokine and complement depletion studies to investigate the possible role of these effectors in response to vaccination with heat-killed Burkholderia mallei in a susceptible BALB/c mouse model of infection.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [burkholderia mallei; mouse]
<Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: burkholderia mallei 2002721280 (burkholderia mallei strain 2002721280) (aka burkholderia mallei 2002721280)
D: burkholderia mallei strain_6
E: burkholderia mallei savp1 (burkholderia mallei strain savp1) (aka burkholderia mallei savp1)
F: burkholderia mallei jhu (burkholderia mallei strain jhu) (aka burkholderia mallei jhu)
G: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
H: pseudomonas mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
I: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
J: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
K: None of the above. | [H; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Host immunity in the protective response to vaccination with heat-killed Burkholderia mallei
Abstract
Background
We performed initial cell, cytokine and complement depletion studies to investigate the possible role of these effectors in response to vaccination with heat-killed Burkholderia mallei in a susceptible BALB/c mouse model of infection.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [burkholderia mallei; mouse]
<Options>: A: burkholderia mallei jhu (burkholderia mallei strain jhu) (aka burkholderia mallei jhu)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: burkholderia mallei savp1 (burkholderia mallei strain savp1) (aka burkholderia mallei savp1)
E: burkholderia mallei strain_6
F: burkholderia mallei atcc 23344 (burkholderia mallei str. atcc 23344) (aka burkholderia mallei atcc 23344)
G: loefferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
H: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
I: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
J: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
K: None of the above. | [G; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our results demonstrated that mice depleted of either B cells, TNF-α or IFN-γ exhibited decreased survival rates, indicating a role for these effectors in obtaining partial protection from a lethal challenge by the intraperitoneal route.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice]
<Options>: A: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
E: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Our results demonstrated that mice depleted of either B cells, TNF-α or IFN-γ exhibited decreased survival rates, indicating a role for these effectors in obtaining partial protection from a lethal challenge by the intraperitoneal route.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice]
<Options>: A: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
C: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
D: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
The data provide a basis for future studies of protection via vaccination using either subunit or whole-organism vaccine preparations from lethal infection in the experimental BALB/c mouse model.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Background
Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agent of glanders, is a gram-negative, capsulated, non-motile, facultative intracelluar bacterium.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [burkholderia mallei]
<Options>: A: pseudomonas mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: burkholderia mallei jhu (burkholderia mallei strain jhu) (aka burkholderia mallei jhu)
C: burkholderia mallei a188
D: mucilaginibacter mallensis
E: burkholderia mallei savp1 (burkholderia mallei strain savp1) (aka burkholderia mallei savp1)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Most known members of the Burkholderiaceae are resident in the soil; however, B. mallei is thought to be an obligate mammalian pathogen.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei]
<Options>: A: bacillus mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
C: erysiphe malloti
D: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
E: malleco
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Horses are highly susceptible to infection and considered the natural reservoir for infection, although mules and donkeys are also susceptible [1].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [horses; donkeys]
<Options>: A: equus subg. equus (aka equus)
B: russian wild horse (aka equus ferus)
C: african ass (aka equus asinus)
D: equus asinus asinus
E: equus przewalskii (equus caballus przewalskii) (aka equus przewalskii)
F: equus asinus x equus caballus (hybrid of male donkey and female horse) (aka equus asinus x equus caballus)
G: domestic horse (aka equus caballus)
H: horses (aka equidae)
I: hybrid of male horse and female donkey (aka equus caballus x equus asinus)
J: eques
K: None of the above. | [G; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Horses are highly susceptible to infection and considered the natural reservoir for infection, although mules and donkeys are also susceptible [1].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [horses; donkeys]
<Options>: A: equus asinus x equus caballus (hybrid of male donkey and female horse) (aka equus asinus x equus caballus)
B: equus caballus (equus przewalskii forma caballus) (aka equus caballus)
C: horses (aka equidae)
D: equus przewalskii (equus caballus przewalskii) (aka equus przewalskii)
E: equus subgen. sussemionus (aka equus)
F: equus caballus x equus asinus (hybrid of male horse and female donkey) (aka equus caballus x equus asinus)
G: eques
H: equetus
I: domestic ass (aka equus asinus)
J: equus asinus asinus
K: None of the above. | [B; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Clinically, glanders in solipeds can present as either a chronic (horses) or acute (mules and donkeys) form.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [horses; donkeys]
<Options>: A: equus subg. asinus (aka equus)
B: eques
C: equus asinus africanus (equus africanus asinus) (aka equus asinus africanus)
D: african wild ass (aka equus asinus)
E: equus przewalskii (equus caballus przewalskii) (aka equus przewalskii)
F: equus caballus (equus przewalskii forma caballus) (aka equus caballus)
G: equus asinus asinus
H: equus ferus (equus caballus ferus) (aka equus ferus)
I: None of the above. | [F; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Clinically, glanders in solipeds can present as either a chronic (horses) or acute (mules and donkeys) form.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [horses; donkeys]
<Options>: A: equus subgen. sussemionus (aka equus)
B: equus caballus (equus przewalskii forma caballus) (aka equus caballus)
C: equus subg. asinus (aka equus)
D: eques
E: donkey (aka equus asinus)
F: equus caballus ferus (aka equus ferus)
G: equidae (horses) (aka equidae)
H: equus asinus x equus caballus (hybrid of male donkey and female horse) (aka equus asinus x equus caballus)
I: equetus
J: equus asinus (ass (aka equus asinus))
K: None of the above. | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Naturally acquired human infection with B. mallei, although not seen in the United States since 1945, has occurred rarely and sporadically among laboratory workers and those in direct contact with infected animals [2].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; b. mallei]
<Options>: A: malleco
B: pfeifferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
C: macrobiotus sapiens
D: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
E: this
F: human (aka homo sapiens)
G: mallomonas peronoides (aka mallomonas peroneides)
H: mallomonas papillosa
I: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
J: suborder
K: None of the above. | [F; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Naturally acquired human infection with B. mallei, although not seen in the United States since 1945, has occurred rarely and sporadically among laboratory workers and those in direct contact with infected animals [2].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; b. mallei]
<Options>: A: genus
B: this
C: malleco
D: mammals (aka mammalia)
E: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
F: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
G: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
H: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
I: kingdom
J: human (aka homo sapiens)
K: None of the above. | [J; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Inhalation of aerosol or dust containing B. mallei can lead to septicemic, pulmonary, or chronic infections of the muscle, liver and spleen.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei]
<Options>: A: malleco
B: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
C: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
D: pfeifferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: mucilaginibacter mallensis
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There is no human or animal vaccine available for glanders, and development of a partial or fully protective adaptive host response to the organism has not been well-defined.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: human (aka homo sapiens)
B: suborder
C: probles
D: kingdom
E: this
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Previous studies with B. mallei and the host response have shown that a mixed immune response consisting of both Th1 and Th2-associated cytokines with a predominant IgG1 subclass does not correlate with protection [4].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei]
<Options>: A: mucilaginibacter mallensis
B: malleco
C: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
D: erysiphe malloti
E: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Additional studies with passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies specific for B. mallei have correlated with early protection from infection [5].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei]
<Options>: A: mallomonas papillosa
B: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
C: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
D: acinetobacter mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
E: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recent studies have also shown the Th1 cytokine IL-12 to mediate partial protection to non-viable B. mallei-vaccinated mice [6].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei; mice]
<Options>: A: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
E: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
F: mallomonas papillosa
G: bartonella melophagi (candidatus bartonella melophagi) (aka bartonella melophagi)
H: mouse (aka mus musculus)
I: pseudomonas mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
J: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
K: None of the above. | [I; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recent studies have also shown the Th1 cytokine IL-12 to mediate partial protection to non-viable B. mallei-vaccinated mice [6].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei; mice]
<Options>: A: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
D: peromyscus
E: malleco
F: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
G: erysiphe malloti
H: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
I: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
J: mucilaginibacter mallensis
K: None of the above. | [A; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus, full correlates of protection mediated by the adaptive immune system against B. mallei remain to be fully elucidated.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei]
<Options>: A: mallomonas papillosa
B: actinobacillus mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
C: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
D: malleco
E: malleomyces pseudomallei (aka burkholderia pseudomallei)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this series of studies, we sought to address the impact of depletion of the major effector lymphoid cell populations (B220+ B cells, CD4+ or CD8+ T cells) and key pro-inflammatory/Type 1 cytokines (IFN-γ or TNF-α) on survival in BALB/c mice vaccinated with heat killed (HK) bacilli followed by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) challenge with live organism.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice]
<Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
C: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
E: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Heat killed bacteria were used as a model of vaccination to allow evaluation of B. mallei specific immune responses.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei]
<Options>: A: mucilaginibacter mallensis
B: inocybe subg. mallocybe (aka mallocybe)
C: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
D: erysiphe malloti
E: malleco
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Heat-killed B. mallei vaccination mediates partial protection from lethal challenge
To begin to address this issue in an animal model of acute infection, we established that immunologically naive BALB/c mice challenged i.p.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei; mice]
<Options>: A: 'bartonella melophagi' (aka bartonella melophagi)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mallomonas papillosa
D: mucilaginibacter mallensis
E: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
F: modicella malleola (endogone malleola) (aka modicella malleola)
G: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
H: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
I: pfeifferella mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
J: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
K: None of the above. | [I; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Heat-killed B. mallei vaccination mediates partial protection from lethal challenge
To begin to address this issue in an animal model of acute infection, we established that immunologically naive BALB/c mice challenged i.p.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei; mice]
<Options>: A: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mucilaginibacter mallensis
D: peromyscus
E: malleco
F: mallomonas papillosa
G: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
H: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
I: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
J: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
K: None of the above. | [A; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results
Heat-killed B. mallei vaccination mediates partial protection from lethal challenge
To begin to address this issue in an animal model of acute infection, we established that immunologically naive BALB/c mice challenged i.p.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. mallei; mice]
<Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: malleco
C: malleomyces mallei (aka burkholderia mallei)
D: mus sp. (mice (aka mus sp.))
E: mus castaneus (aka mus musculus castaneus)
F: mucilaginibacter mallensis
G: peromyscus
H: mallomonas peroneides (mallomonas peronoides) (aka mallomonas peroneides)
I: mallomonas papillosa
J: None of the above. | [C; J] |
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