instruction stringlengths 225 2.35k | input stringlengths 89 1.5k | response stringclasses 698
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'The wingbeat frequency of the bird in the Luneau video is also perhaps consistent with Pileated Woodpecker, at least for short periods of flight.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each ment... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
B: cycloderes pilosus
C: papilio pilumnus (pterourus pilumnus) (aka papilio pilumnus)
D: pileated finch (aka coryphospingus pileatus)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Analysis of the videos of Pileated Woodpecker has supported the hypothesised interpretations of key frames of the Luneau video by Sibley et al', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention,... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
C: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
D: papilio pilumnus (pterourus pilumnus) (aka papilio pilumnus)
E: artabotrys pilosus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[5] asserted that flexion and motion of wings of Pileated Woodpeckers could not produce the images seen in the Luneau video, it has been shown here that they can.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, ... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: pilherodius pileatus (nyctocorax pileatus) (aka pilherodius pileatus)
C: haustoriidae
D: pilargidae
E: woodpeckers and others (aka piciformes)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[1], shows features that are consistent with Pileated Woodpecker, and inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: brown-backed woodpecker (aka dendropicos obsoletus)
B: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
C: platycheirus pilatus
D: red-rumped woodpecker (aka veniliornis kirkii)
E: red-bellied woodpecker (aka melanerpes carolinus)... | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[1], shows features that are consistent with Pileated Woodpecker, and inconsistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: yellow-throated woodpecker (aka piculus flavigula)
B: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
C: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
D: red-stained woodpecker (aka veniliornis affinis)
E: scotargus pilosus
F... | [G; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is argued in this paper that, in fact, the black trailing edge of the wing of a Pileated Woodpecker is seen clearly in the Luneau video, during the downstroke of the wingbeat cycle, but that it has been misinterpreted as black wingtips (Figure 1, 2, 3).
', select the correct biomedical... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: platycheirus pilatus
C: lanio pileatus (aka coryphospingus pileatus)
D: scotargus pilosus
E: artabotrys pilosus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The authors summarise nine diagnostic traits from their analysis of the Luneau video that identify the bird as Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separa... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: bar-bellied woodpecker (aka veniliornis nigriceps)
B: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
C: brown-backed woodpecker (aka dendropicos obsoletus)
D: gray-crowned woodpecker (aka colaptes auricularis)
E: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
F: ... | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Data presented in this paper show that this statement is not wholly supported, and in any case the underwing of Pileated Woodpeckers can present the same appearance.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected option... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: pterourus pilumnus (aka papilio pilumnus)
B: pilumnoididae
C: nycticorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
D: haustoriidae
E: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. 'The upperwing pattern in flight consistently shows a broad, white trailing edge, with no frames demonstrating the conspicuous dark rear border to be expected of normal Pileated Woodpeckers.'
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer b... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: pilumnoididae
B: haustoriidae
C: cycloderes pilosus
D: pilumnidae
E: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '2. 'The upperwing pattern in flight consistently shows a broad, white trailing edge, with no frames demonstrating the conspicuous dark rear border to be expected of normal Pileated Woodpeckers.'
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer b... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: cycloderes pilosus
B: pilumnoididae
C: pilumnidae
D: haustoriidae
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Notwithstanding that certain frames of the Luneau video (e.g. frame 350) do appear to show a black trailing edge to the upperwing, data presented in this paper shows that, at this angle of view and resolution of video, Pileated Woodpeckers also may fail to show this feature.', select the ... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: pterourus pilumnus (aka papilio pilumnus)
B: cycloderes pilosus
C: pilumnoididae
D: nycticorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
E: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[4] is plausible, i.e. that some of the frames interpreted by [1] to show the upperwing of an Ivory-billed Woodpecker may in fact show large amounts of white and the black trailing edge from the underwing of a Pileated Woodpecker.
3. '', select the correct biomedical concept for each ment... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: melanelixia piliferella (melanelia piliferella) (aka melanelixia piliferella)
B: artabotrys pilosus
C: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
D: gray-crowned woodpecker (aka colaptes auricularis)
E: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibb... | [C; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[4] is plausible, i.e. that some of the frames interpreted by [1] to show the upperwing of an Ivory-billed Woodpecker may in fact show large amounts of white and the black trailing edge from the underwing of a Pileated Woodpecker.
3. '', select the correct biomedical concept for each ment... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: bar-bellied woodpecker (aka veniliornis nigriceps)
B: pheidole pilifera
C: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
D: artabotrys pilosus
E: little woodpecker (aka veniliornis passerinus)
F: cream-colored woodpecker (aka c... | [H; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The wings are longer relative to the body diameter than in Pileated Woodpecker and consistent with the wing shape of Ivory-billed Woodpecker.'
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: olivaceous piculet (aka picumnus olivaceus)
B: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
C: artabotrys pilosus
D: cycloderes pilosus
E: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
F: white-throated woodpecker (aka pic... | [I; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The wings are longer relative to the body diameter than in Pileated Woodpecker and consistent with the wing shape of Ivory-billed Woodpecker.'
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: sind woodpecker (aka dendrocopos assimilis)
C: hairy woodpecker (aka picoides villosus)
D: lanio pileatus (aka coryphospingus pileatus)
E: pheidole pilifera
F: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus pri... | [A; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. 'Reenactment of the scene using life-sized, realistically painted, dynamically flapping models produced images remarkably similar to those of the Luneau video using the Ivory-billed Woodpecker model, and images clearly identifiable as Pileated Woodpecker using a model of that species.'... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: cycloderes pilosus
B: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
C: pheidole pilifera
D: little woodpecker (aka veniliornis passerinus)
E: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
F: red-headed woodpecker (aka m... | [E; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '4. 'Reenactment of the scene using life-sized, realistically painted, dynamically flapping models produced images remarkably similar to those of the Luneau video using the Ivory-billed Woodpecker model, and images clearly identifiable as Pileated Woodpecker using a model of that species.'... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: yellow-throated woodpecker (aka piculus flavigula)
B: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
C: pheidole pilifera
D: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
E: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
F: picus pileat... | [D; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Reenactment of the scene using real Pileated Woodpeckers has produced images remarkably similar to the Luneau video.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: haustoriidae
C: pilumnoididae
D: woodpeckers and others (aka piciformes)
E: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The wingbeat frequency is 8.6 beats per second, which is almost identical to that recorded for Ivory-billed Woodpecker (as documented by one acoustic record from 1935).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected opti... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: olivaceous piculet (aka picumnus olivaceus)
B: red-headed woodpecker (aka melanerpes erythrocephalus)
C: red-stained woodpecker (aka veniliornis affinis)
D: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
E: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
F: None o... | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The wing-beat frequencies of Pileated Woodpecker are not known to exceed 7.5 beats per second, and more typically range between 3 and 6 beats per second.'
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for ... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: platycheirus pilatus
B: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
C: pheidole pilifera
D: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
E: pileated woodpecker (aka dryocopus pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The fact that in only four recorded escape flights of Pileated Woodpecker, two were recorded for which the initial escape flight wingbeat frequency (8.0 s-1 and 8.6 s-1) exceeded that previously recorded for this species shows that previous datasets were too limited to make this conclusio... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: cryptophagus pilosus
C: platycheirus pilatus
D: artabotrys pilosus
E: scotargus pilosus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Birds flap more rapidly at take off to gain altitude and speed than they do in sustained level flight: Pileated Woodpecker flight data in the literature', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for eac... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: hairy woodpecker (aka picoides villosus)
C: artabotrys pilosus
D: graphidipus pilifera
E: nycticorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[1,4,5] was derived from the work of Tobalske [8], which explicitly excluded the initial take-off period, and therefore cannot be used to support the elimination of Pileated Woodpecker in the Luneau video.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
B: pileated finch (aka coryphospingus pileatus)
C: nyctocorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
D: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
E: cryptophagus pilosus
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[9] noted that Pileated Woodpeckers can maintain extended fast direct flight.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: nycticorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
B: papilio pilumnus (pterourus pilumnus) (aka papilio pilumnus)
C: woodpeckers and others (aka piciformes)
D: pilargidae
E: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[9] noted that Pileated Woodpeckers can maintain extended fast direct flight.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: woodpeckers and others (aka piciformes)
B: nycticorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
C: pilargidae
D: papilio pilumnus (pterourus pilumnus) (aka papilio pilumnus)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'He was of the opinion that flight pattern was not a useful character for separating the two species in the field, and that Pileated Woodpeckers frequently fly in a manner that was in no way different to Ivory-billed Woodpeckers.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention us... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers; ivory-billed woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: ground woodpecker (aka geocolaptes olivaceus)
B: picidae (woodpeckers) (aka picidae)
C: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
D: bar-bellied woodpecker (aka veniliornis nigriceps)
E: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus... | [C; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'He was of the opinion that flight pattern was not a useful character for separating the two species in the field, and that Pileated Woodpeckers frequently fly in a manner that was in no way different to Ivory-billed Woodpeckers.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention us... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpeckers; ivory-billed woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: glauconomidae
B: white-browed woodpecker (aka piculus aurulentus)
C: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
D: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
E: woodpeckers (aka picidae)
F: black woodpecker (aka... | [D; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The figure of 8.6 wingbeats per second for the Luneau bird (data reanalysed here) is taken as consistent with Ivory-billed Woodpecker on the basis of analysis of a single archival audio recording [3].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Ans... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
B: eurasian green woodpecker (aka picus viridis)
C: black woodpecker (aka dryocopus martius)
D: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
E: red-rumped woodpecker (aka veniliornis kirkii)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Ivory-billed Woodpecker in that audio tape is clearly flapping its wings, but without accompanying visual confirmation it is not clear that it is in flight.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: little woodpecker (aka veniliornis passerinus)
B: rufous-winged woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
C: white-browed woodpecker (aka piculus aurulentus)
D: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
E: red-headed woodpecker (aka melanerpes erythrocephalus)
... | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The assertion that Ivory-billed Woodpeckers flap their wings more quickly than Pileated Woodpeckers is therefore counterintuitive.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated b... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpeckers; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
B: woodpeckers and others (aka piciformes)
C: picidae (woodpeckers) (aka picidae)
D: pilargidae
E: white-browed woodpecker (aka piculus aurulentus)
F: hairy woodpecker (aka picoides villosus)
G... | [H; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The assertion that Ivory-billed Woodpeckers flap their wings more quickly than Pileated Woodpeckers is therefore counterintuitive.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated b... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpeckers; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: hairy woodpecker (aka picoides villosus)
B: pterourus pilumnus (aka papilio pilumnus)
C: pilumnidae
D: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
E: glauconomidae
F: wood-warblers (aka parulidae)
G: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpe... | [D; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The assertion that Ivory-billed Woodpeckers flap their wings more quickly than Pileated Woodpeckers is therefore counterintuitive.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated b... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpeckers; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: little woodpecker (aka veniliornis passerinus)
B: wood-warblers (aka parulidae)
C: pterourus pilumnus (aka papilio pilumnus)
D: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
E: hairy woodpecker (aka picoides villosus)
F: pilumnidae
G: sp... | [D; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Further comment is conjecture: while the flight pattern and wing posture of the bird in the Luneau video may be unusual, it has not been shown that it is outside the range of variability of Pileated Woodpecker, and cannot therefore be used to eliminate the possibility that it was the comm... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: scotargus pilosus
B: graphidipus pilifera
C: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
D: pilherodius pileatus (nyctocorax pileatus) (aka pilherodius pileatus)
E: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Ivory-billed Woodpecker has white on the back; Pileated Woodpecker has entirely black back.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: lanio pileatus (aka coryphospingus pileatus)
B: olivaceous piculet (aka picumnus olivaceus)
C: artabotrys pilosus
D: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
E: cycloderes pilosus
F: rufous-winged woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
... | [D; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Ivory-billed Woodpecker has white on the back; Pileated Woodpecker has entirely black back.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
B: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
C: sind woodpecker (aka dendrocopos assimilis)
D: cycloderes pilosus
E: artabotrys pilosus
F: little woodpecker (aka veniliornis... | [B; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Nevertheless, this remains the best evidence that the Luneau bird was not a standard Pileated Woodpecker.
7. '', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: hairy woodpecker (aka picoides villosus)
B: platycheirus pilatus
C: artabotrys pilosus
D: scotargus pilosus
E: pileated woodpecker (aka dryocopus pileatus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The dorsal view of the right wing as it begins to unfold shows a triangle of white that matches in size and position the white on the folded wing of an Ivory-billed Woodpecker beginning to launch into flight.'
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided op... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: brown-backed woodpecker (aka dendropicos obsoletus)
B: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
C: bar-bellied woodpecker (aka veniliornis nigriceps)
D: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
E: olivaceous piculet (aka picumnus olivaceus)
F: None of... | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '(8) 'The distance between the wrist area and the tip of the tail (32–36 cm, as measured when the bird begins to take flight) is comparable to known measurements of Ivory-billed Woodpecker and considerably larger than even the largest Pileated Woodpecker we measured.', select the correct b... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: artabotrys pilosus
B: scotargus pilosus
C: dryocopus martius (black woodpecker) (aka dryocopus martius)
D: platycheirus pilatus
E: melanelixia piliferella (melanelia piliferella) (aka melanelixia piliferella)
F: gray-crowned woodpecker (aka colapt... | [H; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '(8) 'The distance between the wrist area and the tip of the tail (32–36 cm, as measured when the bird begins to take flight) is comparable to known measurements of Ivory-billed Woodpecker and considerably larger than even the largest Pileated Woodpecker we measured.', select the correct b... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
C: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
D: little woodpecker (aka veniliornis passerinus)
E: scotargus pilosus
F: ol... | [B; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Only 20 seconds before the woodpecker flees, a bird with the size and color pattern of an Ivory-billed Woodpecker was perched within 3 m of the site from which the woodpecker took flight.'
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by list... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
B: white-browed woodpecker (aka piculus aurulentus)
C: red-rumped woodpecker (aka veniliornis kirkii)
D: eurasian green woodpecker (aka picus viridis)
E: red-bellied woodpecker (aka melanerpes carolinus)
F: None of... | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Central to the identification of the flying bird seen in the Luneau video was the evidence that plumage and flight patterns were inconsistent with Pileated Woodpecker.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected optio... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker]
<Options>: A: pileated woodpecker (aka dryocopus pileatus)
B: nyctocorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
C: melanelixia piliferella (melanelia piliferella) (aka melanelixia piliferella)
D: cycloderes pilosus
E: cryptophagus pilosus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Any identification of the bird in the Luneau video as an Ivory-bill must take into account the data presented here and in Sibley et al', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separat... | <Mentions>: [ivory-bill]
<Options>: A: ajuga iva (teucrium iva) (aka ajuga iva)
B: iveidae
C: ivieolus
D: mansonia annulifera
E: ivorycoasta
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[4], which shows it is largely consistent with Pileated Woodpecker and points out apparent inconsistencies with Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separ... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: graphidipus pilifera
B: red-stained woodpecker (aka veniliornis affinis)
C: dryocopus martius (black woodpecker) (aka dryocopus martius)
D: pilherodius pileatus (nyctocorax pileatus) (aka pilherodius pileatus)
E: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campe... | [F; E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '[4], which shows it is largely consistent with Pileated Woodpecker and points out apparent inconsistencies with Ivory-billed Woodpecker.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separ... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: olivaceous piculet (aka picumnus olivaceus)
B: picus pileatus (aka dryocopus pileatus)
C: cycloderes pilosus
D: gray-crowned woodpecker (aka colaptes auricularis)
E: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
F: hairy woodpecker (aka pico... | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This does not of course necessarily imply that the Ivory-billed Woodpecker is extinct, nor indeed entirely rule out the possibility that the bird in the Luneau video was one.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selecte... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: red-headed woodpecker (aka melanerpes erythrocephalus)
B: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
C: rufous-winged woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
D: sind woodpecker (aka dendrocopos assimilis)
E: red-rumped woodpecker (aka veniliornis kirkii)
F: No... | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There appears to be no reason to question the anecdotal sight records of Ivory-billed Woodpecker presented in Fitzpatrick et al', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by s... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
B: brown-backed woodpecker (aka dendropicos obsoletus)
C: rufous-winged woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
D: red-rumped woodpecker (aka veniliornis kirkii)
E: bar-bellied woodpecker (aka veniliornis nigriceps)
F... | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There appears to be no reason to question the anecdotal sight records of Ivory-billed Woodpecker presented in Fitzpatrick et al', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by s... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: brown-backed woodpecker (aka dendropicos obsoletus)
B: rufous-winged woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
C: red-rumped woodpecker (aka veniliornis kirkii)
D: bar-bellied woodpecker (aka veniliornis nigriceps)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The Ivory-billed Woodpecker may persist in continental North America, and there is enough anecdotal evidence to make this a possibility, but the Luneau video does not support the case.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing t... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: red-bellied woodpecker (aka melanerpes carolinus)
B: white-browed woodpecker (aka piculus aurulentus)
C: white-throated woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
D: red-rumped woodpecker (aka veniliornis kirkii)
E: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
F: N... | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The balance of evidence would suggest that the bird in the Luneau video is more likely to have been a Pileated Woodpecker, but the search for Ivory-billed Woodpecker should continue.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing th... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: platycheirus pilatus
B: red-stained woodpecker (aka veniliornis affinis)
C: sind woodpecker (aka dendrocopos assimilis)
D: papilio pilumnus (pterourus pilumnus) (aka papilio pilumnus)
E: hairy woodpecker (aka picoides villosus)
F: ivory-billed woo... | [G; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The balance of evidence would suggest that the bird in the Luneau video is more likely to have been a Pileated Woodpecker, but the search for Ivory-billed Woodpecker should continue.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing th... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: eurasian green woodpecker (aka picus viridis)
B: papilio pilumnus (pterourus pilumnus) (aka papilio pilumnus)
C: dryocopus pileatus (pileated woodpecker) (aka dryocopus pileatus)
D: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
E: ... | [C; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While this paper was under review, a report of sight records and sound recordings of Ivory-billed Woodpeckers was published from a location in Florida', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each ... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: dryocopus martius (black woodpecker) (aka dryocopus martius)
B: eurasian green woodpecker (aka picus viridis)
C: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
D: glauconomidae
E: little woodpecker (aka veniliornis passerinus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The 'kent' calls recorded from the Florida location are spectrographically similar to the 'bleat' calls of young White-tailed Deer, as described in Richardson et al', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options,... | <Mentions>: [white-tailed deer]
<Options>: A: black-tailed deer (aka odocoileus hemionus columbianus)
B: fallow deer (aka dama dama)
C: deer (aka cervidae) (aka cervidae)
D: musk deer (aka moschidae)
E: white-tailed deer (aka odocoileus virginianus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A clear photograph will be required from this location too before the presence of Ivory-billed Woodpeckers can be considered confirmed.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separa... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: picidae (woodpeckers) (aka picidae)
B: red-headed woodpecker (aka melanerpes erythrocephalus)
C: rufous-winged woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
D: incurvariidae (leafcutter moths) (aka incurvariidae)
E: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
F: Non... | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Flight and plumage patterns of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker recorded in Arkansas in 2005 are recapitulated by confirmed Pileated Woodpeckers.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
B: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
C: papilio pilumnus (pterourus pilumnus) (aka papilio pilumnus)
D: pilumnoididae
E: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis... | [E; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Flight and plumage patterns of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker recorded in Arkansas in 2005 are recapitulated by confirmed Pileated Woodpeckers.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
B: nycticorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
C: white-throated woodpecker (aka piculus leucolaemus)
D: cream-colored woodpecker (aka celeus flavus)
E: papilio pilumnus (pterourus ... | [F; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Flight and plumage patterns of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker recorded in Arkansas in 2005 are recapitulated by confirmed Pileated Woodpeckers.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: eurasian green woodpecker (aka picus viridis)
B: yellow-throated woodpecker (aka piculus flavigula)
C: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
D: pileated woodpecker (aka dryocopus pileatus)
E: olivaceous piculet (aka picumnus oliva... | [C; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The bird in the Arkansas video is best regarded as not fully identified, and is probably a Pileated Woodpecker.
Methods
Video recording
Pileated Woodpeckers were attracted to a bird feeder containing suet at Grants Trail, Dayton, OH 45459.', select the correct biomedical concept for each... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: artabotrys pilosus
B: haustoriidae
C: melanelixia piliferella (melanelia piliferella) (aka melanelixia piliferella)
D: pterourus pilumnus (aka papilio pilumnus)
E: hylobates pileatus (pileated gibbon) (aka hylobates pileatus)
F: spongiphoridae (littl... | [G; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The bird in the Arkansas video is best regarded as not fully identified, and is probably a Pileated Woodpecker.
Methods
Video recording
Pileated Woodpeckers were attracted to a bird feeder containing suet at Grants Trail, Dayton, OH 45459.', select the correct biomedical concept for each... | <Mentions>: [pileated woodpecker; pileated woodpeckers]
<Options>: A: pheidole pilifera
B: scotargus pilosus
C: stripe-cheeked woodpecker (aka piculus callopterus)
D: platycheirus pilatus
E: haustoriidae
F: pileated woodpecker (aka dryocopus pileatus)
G: nycticorax pileatus (aka pilherodius pileatus)
H: spongiphoridae ... | [F; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The decompiled file was examined frame by frame and compared to the decompiled images of the putative Ivory-billed Woodpecker presented in Fitzpatrick et al', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for... | <Mentions>: [ivory-billed woodpecker]
<Options>: A: gray-crowned woodpecker (aka colaptes auricularis)
B: ivory-billed woodpecker (aka campephilus principalis)
C: brown-backed woodpecker (aka dendropicos obsoletus)
D: olivaceous piculet (aka picumnus olivaceus)
E: red-headed woodpecker (aka melanerpes erythrocephalus)
... | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial and phage strains.
E. coli K336 is a SuO derivative of K140 (13).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
C: escherichia sp.
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: escherichia
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli CB454 is a recA-, lacZderivative of K-12 (14).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: unspecified coliform bacterium
B: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
C: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
D: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
E: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Restriction enzymes, T4 DNA ligase and polymerase, and the Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase were purchased from Boehringer Biochemicals or New England Biolabs and reactions were carried out according to the manufacturers' instructions.', select the correct biomedical concept for ... | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
B: escherichia
C: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: escherichia sp.
E: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Restriction enzymes, T4 DNA ligase and polymerase, and the Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase were purchased from Boehringer Biochemicals or New England Biolabs and reactions were carried out according to the manufacturers' instructions.', select the correct biomedical concept for ... | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
B: escherichia
C: escherichia sp.
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'pFA02. P7 plasmid DNA was digested with PvuII, ligated to similarly digested pBR322, and transformed into E. coli K336.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon... | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
B: enterobacteriales (aka enterobacterales)
C: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'P Ic .55, we digested phage DNA with EcoRI and BamHI, ligated the digestion products into similarly digested pBR322, and transformed the ligation mixture into E. coli K336.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected ... | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: escherichia phage
C: escherichia
D: escherichia sp.
E: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The plasmids were carried by E. coli K336.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia sp.
B: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
C: escherichia phage
D: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
E: enterobacterales (enterobacteriaceae and related endosymbionts) (aka enterobacterales)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli W1485(pFA02) was mated with the F- strain MX648 and subsequently plated on ampicillin (to select for the plasmid) and streptomycin sulfate (to select for the recipient strain).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing t... | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
C: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
D: escherichia
E: escherichia sp.
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'MUC1 alters oncogenic events and transcription in human breast cancer cells
Abstract
Introduction
MUC1 is an oncoprotein whose overexpression correlates with aggressiveness of tumors and poor survival of cancer patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the p... | <Mentions>: [human; patients]
<Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: species
C: probles
D: biota (aka cellular organisms)
E: subsection
F: other (aka unidentified)
G: human (aka homo sapiens)
H: humans (aka homo)
I: mammals (aka mammalia)
J: None of the above. | [G; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'MUC1 alters oncogenic events and transcription in human breast cancer cells
Abstract
Introduction
MUC1 is an oncoprotein whose overexpression correlates with aggressiveness of tumors and poor survival of cancer patients.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the p... | <Mentions>: [human; patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
C: genus
D: primate (aka primates)
E: theraps
F: mammals (aka mammalia)
G: kingdom
H: humans (aka homo)
I: subsection
J: None of the above. | [A; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Mouse studies have been integral to the current understanding of MUC1 in cancer.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: peromyscus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Muc1 knockout mice (Muc1-/-; MUC1 is human; Muc1 is mouse)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice; human; mouse]
<Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: primate (aka primates)
C: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
D: suborder
E: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
F: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
G: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
H: mus musc... | [A; K; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Muc1 knockout mice (Muc1-/-; MUC1 is human; Muc1 is mouse)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice; human; mouse]
<Options>: A: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: suborder
D: macrobiotus sapiens
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: mammals (aka mammalia)
G: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
H: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
I: eutherian mammals (aka ... | [G; E; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Muc1 knockout mice (Muc1-/-; MUC1 is human; Muc1 is mouse)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice; human; mouse]
<Options>: A: birds (aka aves)
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: humans (aka homo)
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
G: macrobiotus sapiens
H: mus musculus musculus... | [C; E; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'show a reduction in tumorigenic phenotype when crossed onto mice overexpressing the Wnt-1', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mice]
<Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
C: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
D: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
E: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Materials and methods
Cell culture and siRNA transfection
MDA-MB-468 and BT-20 cells (American Type Culture Collection) were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) plus 10% fetal calf serum, 1% Glutamax (Invitrogen) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin.',... | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
B: gallus
C: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
D: sueus
E: veturius
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Materials and methods
Cell culture and siRNA transfection
MDA-MB-468 and BT-20 cells (American Type Culture Collection) were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) plus 10% fetal calf serum, 1% Glutamax (Invitrogen) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin.',... | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
B: gallus
C: sueus
D: veturius
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Non-commercial antibodies used were: BC2, a mouse monoclonal to the MUC1-EX (gift of Dr McGuckin, Queensland University, Queensland, Australia), and CT2, an Armenian hamster monoclonal to the MUC1-CT developed in our lab', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the p... | <Mentions>: [mouse; armenian hamster]
<Options>: A: romanian hamster (aka mesocricetus newtoni)
B: desert hamster (aka phodopus roborovskii)
C: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: cricetus cricetus (black-bellied hamster) (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus <subgenus> (mus (aka mus <subgenus>))
F: peromyscus
G: gray dwarf ham... | [C; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Non-commercial antibodies used were: BC2, a mouse monoclonal to the MUC1-EX (gift of Dr McGuckin, Queensland University, Queensland, Australia), and CT2, an Armenian hamster monoclonal to the MUC1-CT developed in our lab', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the p... | <Mentions>: [mouse; armenian hamster]
<Options>: A: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
B: romanian hamster (aka mesocricetus newtoni)
C: common hamster (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: peromyscus
G: grey hamster (aka nothocricetulus migratorius)
H: hamsters (aka ... | [E; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Following washing and 2 minute's incubation with 0.1 M Tris to neutralize the acid, cells were re-suspended in FACS buffer (0.5% fetal calf serum in PBS) and stained with Phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-BrdU according to the manufacturer's protocol for flow cytometry analysis on a FACS... | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: equidae (horses) (aka equidae)
B: gallus
C: bovine (aka bos taurus)
D: bovidae
E: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-468 and BT-20, were transiently transfected with a pool of four siRNA oligonucleotides directed against the MUC1 mRNA (468.siMUC1 and BT.siMUC1), or a control oligonucleotide directed against luciferase (468.siLuc and BT.siLuc).', select the corr... | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: birds (aka aves)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: this
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: species
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This result disagrees with MUC1 activation of the AKT pathway in rat 3Y1 cells [18], and may reflect regulation more appropriate to breast cancer cells; this is supported by activation of AKT in response to MUC1 siRNA in other lines [21].', select the correct biomedical concept for each m... | <Mentions>: [rat]
<Options>: A: rattus pyctoris (rattus rattoides) (aka rattus pyctoris)
B: roof rat (aka rattus rattus)
C: brown rat (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: rattus sp. (rats (aka rattus sp.))
E: rattus (rats (aka rattus))
F: None of the above. | [F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Interestingly, 468.siMUC1 cells display somewhat decreased invasion on collagen IV, laminin, and fibronectin matrices, and on a no-matrix control (Figure 5c), which is in agreement with the trend towards decreased metastasis observed in Muc1-/- × MMTV-PyV MT mice [8].
', select the corre... | <Mentions>: [mmtv; mice]
<Options>: A: mouse mammary tumor virus 17 (mtv-17) (aka mouse mammary tumor virus 17)
B: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: mlv (aka murine leukemia virus) (aka muri... | [J; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Interestingly, 468.siMUC1 cells display somewhat decreased invasion on collagen IV, laminin, and fibronectin matrices, and on a no-matrix control (Figure 5c), which is in agreement with the trend towards decreased metastasis observed in Muc1-/- × MMTV-PyV MT mice [8].
', select the corre... | <Mentions>: [mmtv; mice]
<Options>: A: mtv-17 (aka mouse mammary tumor virus 17)
B: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
C: peromyscus
D: mmtv (aka mouse mammary tumor virus) (aka mouse mammary tumor virus)
E: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: mus castaneus (aka mus mus... | [D; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Discussion
This report describes both the transcriptional alterations seen after transfection with MUC1 siRNA in human breast cancer cells and the effects on events such as apoptosis and proliferation.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. An... | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: macrobiotus sapiens
B: species
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: probles
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Both lines have epithelial morphology, form tumors slowly in nude mice [37], have mutant p53 [39,40], express EGFR', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [nude mice]
<Options>: A: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
B: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
C: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: xenomys
E: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'First, though MMP-2 levels are increased in mouse mammary tumors, its expression is confined to the stroma', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: mus molossinus (aka mus musculus molossinus)
B: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, though MUC1 drives mammary oncogenesis in its own right [9] and facilitates tumorigenesis driven by other oncogenes [7,8], Muc1 is selectively down-regulated in c-neu-induced mouse mammary tumors', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided option... | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
B: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: peromyscus
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Molecular cloning of four novel murine ribonuclease genes: unusual expansion within the ribonuclease A gene family.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
D: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
E: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Abstract
We have characterized four novel murine ribonuclease genes that, together with the murine eosinophil-associated ribonucleases 1 and 2, form a distinct and unusual cluster within the RNase A gene superfamily.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provi... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: mus domesticus (aka mus musculus domesticus)
E: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although the amino acid sequence similarities among these murine ribonucleases varies from 60 to 94%, they form a unique cluster, as each sequence is found to be more closely related to another of this group than to either murine angiogenin or to murine pancreatic ribonuclease.', select t... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: peromyscus
E: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context '� 1997 Oxford University Press
Nucleic Acids Research, 1997, Vol. 25, No. 21
4235�4239
Molecular cloning of four novel murine ribonuclease genes: unusual expansion within the Ribonuclease A gene family Dean Batten+, Kimberly D. Dyer, Joseph B. Domachowske� and Helene F. Rosenberg... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
B: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
C: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
D: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have characterized four novel murine ribonuclease genes that, together with the murine eosinophilassociated ribonucleases 1 and 2, form a distinct and unusual cluster within the RNase A gene superfamily.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided option... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: peromyscus
E: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We have characterized four novel murine ribonuclease genes that, together with the murine eosinophilassociated ribonucleases 1 and 2, form a distinct and unusual cluster within the RNase A gene superfamily.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided option... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
C: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
D: mouse (aka mus <genus>)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although the amino acid sequence similarities among these murine ribonucleases varies from 60 to 94%, they form a unique cluster, as each sequence is found to be more closely related to another of this group than to either murine angiogenin or to murine pancreatic ribonuclease.', select t... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: mice (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
B: western european house mouse (aka mus musculus domesticus)
C: peromyscus
D: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'INTRODUCTION Ribonuclease A (RNase A, bovine pancreatic ribonuclease) is the prototype of an enlarging family of proteins defined by distinctive elements of conserved primary structure and enzymatic activity (1,2).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provide... | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
B: boveria
C: bovinae
D: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
E: bos taurus (bos primigenius taurus) (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Pancreatic ribonucleases (RNases 1) have been isolated from an extensive array of mammalian species (3,4), and mRNA encoding human pancreatic ribonuclease has been detected in
numerous somatic tissues in addition to pancreas (5).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention... | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: birds (aka aves)
B: this
C: genus
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'RNases 2 and 3, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), respectively, have been characterized primarily with respect to eosinophil function (6,7), although expression of EDN [also known as RNase Us (8) or human liver ribonuclease (9)] is also widespread ... | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: mammals (aka mammalia)
D: macrobiotus sapiens
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recently, Larson and colleagues (15) described cDNAs encoding two highly homologous murine ribonucleases, the murine eosinophil-associated ribonucleases (mEAR) 1 and 2, which were cloned and identified via tryptic peptides isolated from murine eosinophil proteins.', select the correct bio... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: peromyscus
B: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
E: mus musculus domesticus (western european house mouse) (aka mus musculus domesticus)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although Southern analysis demonstrated that multiple copies of sequence homologous to mEAR-1 and mEAR-2 were present in murine genomic DNA, the precise nature of these copies--as pseudogenes, polymorphisms, or distinct functional genes--was unclear.', select the correct biomedical concep... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
B: peromyscus
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: mus norvegicus (aka rattus norvegicus)
E: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Together with mEAR-1 and mEAR-2, these six ribonuclease genes form an `mR cluster,' whose members are more closely related to one another than they are to other murine ribonucleases, yet whose position with respect to the defined RNase A lineages remains unclear.', select the correct biom... | <Mentions>: [murine]
<Options>: A: mus (aka mus <subgenus>) (aka mus <subgenus>)
B: house mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
E: mus cricetus (aka cricetus cricetus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
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