Subset (2)

scifact_data · 1.11k rows

Split (2)

train · 809 rows

question_id stringlengths 1 4	question stringlengths 26 249	pos_item_ids listlengths 1 5	pos_item_contents listlengths 1 5
364	EGR2 is important to myelination of the peripheral nervous system.	[ "1550937" ]	[ "The Transcription Factors Egr2 and Egr3 Are Essential for the Control of Inflammation and Antigen-Induced Proliferation of B and T Cells. Lymphocytes provide optimal responses against pathogens with minimal inflammatory pathology. However, the intrinsic mechanisms regulating these responses are unknown. Here, we r...
365	ER-localized phosphatase Sac1 processes PI4P through coordination with OSBP and the endosome-localized protein sorting nexin 2.	[ "600437" ]	[ "Endosome-ER Contacts Control Actin Nucleation and Retromer Function through VAP-Dependent Regulation of PI4P. VAP (VAPA and VAPB) is an evolutionarily conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-anchored protein that helps generate tethers between the ER and other membranes through which lipids are exchanged across adjac...
366	ERAP1 SNPs are epistatic to HLA alleles for ankylosing spondylitis.	[ "13956305" ]	[ "Major histocompatibility complex associations of ankylosing spondylitis are complex and involve further epistasis with ERAP1. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common, highly heritable, inflammatory arthritis for which HLA-B*27 is the major genetic risk factor, although its role in the aetiology of AS remains elusi...
367	Early patent ductus ateriosus (PDA) screening decreases in-hospital mortality.	[ "27099731" ]	[ "Association Between Early Screening for Patent Ductus Arteriosus and In-Hospital Mortality Among Extremely Preterm Infants.. IMPORTANCE There is currently no consensus for the screening and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in extremely preterm infants. Less pharmacological closure and more supportive ma...
368	Early patent ductus ateriosus (PDA) screening increases in-hospital mortality.	[ "27099731" ]	[ "Association Between Early Screening for Patent Ductus Arteriosus and In-Hospital Mortality Among Extremely Preterm Infants.. IMPORTANCE There is currently no consensus for the screening and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in extremely preterm infants. Less pharmacological closure and more supportive ma...
369	Ectopic expression of Sall4, Nanog, Esrrb, and Lin28 generates induced pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts more efficiently than other factor combinations.	[ "6826100" ]	[ "The developmental potential of iPSCs is greatly influenced by reprogramming factor selection.. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are commonly generated by transduction of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and Myc (OSKM) into cells. Although iPSCs are pluripotent, they frequently exhibit high variation in terms of quality, as...
37	A deficiency of vitamin B6 decreases blood levels of homocysteine.	[ "5152028", "11705328" ]	[ "Folic acid improves endothelial function in coronary artery disease via mechanisms largely independent of homocysteine lowering.. BACKGROUND Homocysteine is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), although a causal relation remains to be proven. The importance of determining direct causality rests in the ...
370	Egr2 regulates the homeostasis of B and T cells.	[ "1550937" ]	[ "The Transcription Factors Egr2 and Egr3 Are Essential for the Control of Inflammation and Antigen-Induced Proliferation of B and T Cells. Lymphocytes provide optimal responses against pathogens with minimal inflammatory pathology. However, the intrinsic mechanisms regulating these responses are unknown. Here, we r...
371	Egr3 regulates the homeostasis of B and T cells.	[ "1550937" ]	[ "The Transcription Factors Egr2 and Egr3 Are Essential for the Control of Inflammation and Antigen-Induced Proliferation of B and T Cells. Lymphocytes provide optimal responses against pathogens with minimal inflammatory pathology. However, the intrinsic mechanisms regulating these responses are unknown. Here, we r...
372	Eilat virus (EILV) produced in mosquitos elicits rapid and long-lasting neutralizing antibodies in nonhuman primates.	[ "24922825" ]	[ "A chikungunya fever vaccine utilizing an insect-specific virus platform. Traditionally, vaccine development involves tradeoffs between immunogenicity and safety. Live-attenuated vaccines typically offer rapid and durable immunity but have reduced safety when compared to inactivated vaccines. In contrast, the inabi...
375	Elevated cell-free mitochondrial DNA levels are associated with mortality.	[ "1522647" ]	[ "Circulating Mitochondrial DNA in Patients in the ICU as a Marker of Mortality: Derivation and Validation. BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a critical activator of inflammation and the innate immune system. However, mtDNA level has not been tested for its role as a biomarker in the intensive care unit (ICU)....
376	Eliminating the last sporadic cases of malaria requires considerable funding.	[ "22401061" ]	[ "Costs and financial feasibility of malaria elimination. The marginal costs and benefits of converting malaria programmes from a control to an elimination goal are central to strategic decisions, but empirical evidence is scarce. We present a conceptual framework to assess the economics of elimination and analyse a...
377	Emodin forms hydrogen bonds with residues involved in PGAM1 substrate binding.	[ "18810195" ]	[ "Tyr26 phosphorylation of PGAM1 provides a metabolic advantage to tumours by stabilizing the active conformation. How oncogenic signalling coordinates glycolysis and anabolic biosynthesis in cancer cells remains unclear. We recently reported that the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) regulates ana...
378	Energy balance requires hypothalamic glutamate neurotransmission.	[ "45154987", "10534299", "11886686", "25007443", "17150648" ]	[ "Glutamate mediates the function of melanocortin receptor 4 on Sim1 neurons in body weight regulation.. The melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) is a well-established mediator of body weight homeostasis. However, the neurotransmitter(s) that mediate MC4R function remain largely unknown; as a result, little is known about...
379	Enhanced early production of inflammatory chemokines damages viral control in the lung.	[ "19005293" ]	[ "Memory CD4+ T cells induce innate responses independently of pathogen. Inflammation induced by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns markedly affects subsequent adaptive responses. We asked whether the adaptive immune system can also affect the character and magnitude of innate inflammatory respons...
381	Environmental factors can influence the development of breast cancer.	[ "18340282" ]	[ "Gene–environment interactions in 7610 women with breast cancer: prospective evidence from the Million Women Study. BACKGROUND Information is scarce about the combined effects on breast cancer incidence of low-penetrance genetic susceptibility polymorphisms and environmental factors (reproductive, behavioural, and ...
382	Environmentally-induced senescence is mimicked in disease modeling by adding specific molecules to the culture system.	[ "11659421" ]	[ "Human iPSC-based modeling of late-onset disease via progerin-induced aging.. Reprogramming somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) resets their identity back to an embryonic age and, thus, presents a significant hurdle for modeling late-onset disorders. In this study, we describe a strategy for ind...
383	Epidemiological disease burden from noncommunicable diseases is more prevalent in high economic settings.	[ "13770184" ]	[ "Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. BACKGROUND The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provi...
389	Ethanol stress increases the expression of IBP in bacteria.	[ "1148122" ]	[ "Regulatory and metabolic rewiring during laboratory evolution of ethanol tolerance in E. coli. Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is a central problem in biology. However, revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms has been challenging as changes in fitness may result from perturbations to many pathw...
39	A diminished ovarian reserve does not solely indicate infertility in an a priori non-infertile population.	[ "13497630" ]	[ "Association Between Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older Women of Reproductive Age. Importance Despite lack of evidence of their utility, biomarkers of ovarian reserve are being promoted as potential markers of reproductive potential. Objective To determine the associations between biomarkers ...
390	Ethanol stress increases the expression of PSP in bacteria.	[ "1148122" ]	[ "Regulatory and metabolic rewiring during laboratory evolution of ethanol tolerance in E. coli. Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is a central problem in biology. However, revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms has been challenging as changes in fitness may result from perturbations to many pathw...
391	Ethanol stress increases the expression of SRL in bacteria.	[ "1148122" ]	[ "Regulatory and metabolic rewiring during laboratory evolution of ethanol tolerance in E. coli. Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is a central problem in biology. However, revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms has been challenging as changes in fitness may result from perturbations to many pathw...
392	Ethanol stress lowers the expression of PSP in bacteria.	[ "1148122" ]	[ "Regulatory and metabolic rewiring during laboratory evolution of ethanol tolerance in E. coli. Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is a central problem in biology. However, revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms has been challenging as changes in fitness may result from perturbations to many pathw...
393	Ethanol stress reduces the expression of SRL in bacteria.	[ "1148122" ]	[ "Regulatory and metabolic rewiring during laboratory evolution of ethanol tolerance in E. coli. Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is a central problem in biology. However, revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms has been challenging as changes in fitness may result from perturbations to many pathw...
394	Excess gestational weight gain is associated with obesity-related pregnancy outcomes.	[ "11360768" ]	[ "Effects of interventions in pregnancy on maternal weight and obstetric outcomes: meta-analysis of randomised evidence. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of dietary and lifestyle interventions in pregnancy on maternal and fetal weight and to quantify the effects of these interventions on obstetric outcomes. DESIGN ...
396	Exercise increases cancer mortality rates among Chinese citizens.	[ "1456068" ]	[ "Combined Impact of Lifestyle-Related Factors on Total and Cause-Specific Mortality among Chinese Women: Prospective Cohort Study. BACKGROUND Although cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol drinking, obesity, and several other well-studied unhealthy lifestyle-related factors each have been linked to the risk of multi...
397	Exercise reduces cancer mortality rates among Chinese citizens.	[ "1456068" ]	[ "Combined Impact of Lifestyle-Related Factors on Total and Cause-Specific Mortality among Chinese Women: Prospective Cohort Study. BACKGROUND Although cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol drinking, obesity, and several other well-studied unhealthy lifestyle-related factors each have been linked to the risk of multi...
398	Exhaustion of B cells contributes to poor Ab response in HIV-infected individuals.	[ "8883846" ]	[ "Antibody-Based HIV-1 Vaccines: Recent Developments and Future Directions. The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a two-day workshop in May of 2007 to discuss humoral immune responses to HIV and approaches to design vaccines that induce viral neutralizing and other potentially protective antibody responses. The...
4	1-1% of colorectal cancer patients are diagnosed with regional or distant metastases.	[ "22942787" ]	[ "Relation between Medicare screening reimbursement and stage at diagnosis for older patients with colon cancer.. CONTEXT Medicare's reimbursement policy was changed in 1998 to provide coverage for screening colonoscopies for patients with increased colon cancer risk, and expanded further in 2001 to cover screening ...
40	A diminished ovarian reserve is a very strong indicator of infertility, even in an a priori non-infertile population.	[ "13497630" ]	[ "Association Between Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older Women of Reproductive Age. Importance Despite lack of evidence of their utility, biomarkers of ovarian reserve are being promoted as potential markers of reproductive potential. Objective To determine the associations between biomarkers ...
400	Exposure to fine particulate air pollution is unrelated to anxiety prevalence.	[ "791050" ]	[ "The relation between past exposure to fine particulate air pollution and prevalent anxiety: observational cohort study. OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher past exposure to particulate air pollution is associated with prevalent high symptoms of anxiety. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING Nurses' Health S...
401	Expression of MSX2 is induced 3 hours after the addition of BMP4, which is earlier than T and CDX2.	[ "5633876" ]	[ "BRACHYURY and CDX2 Mediate BMP-Induced Differentiation of Human and Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cells into Embryonic and Extraembryonic Lineages. BMP is thought to induce hESC differentiation toward multiple lineages including mesoderm and trophoblast. The BMP-induced trophoblast phenotype is a long-standing paradox in...
403	Expression of oncolytic virus antigens as peptides makes relapse more likely.	[ "1921218" ]	[ "Detecting and targeting tumor relapse by its resistance to innate effectors at early recurrence. Tumor recurrence represents a major clinical challenge. Our data show that emergent recurrent tumors acquire a phenotype radically different from that of their originating primary tumors. This phenotype allows them to ...
404	Expression of oncolytic virus antigens as peptides permits additional protection against relapse.	[ "1921218" ]	[ "Detecting and targeting tumor relapse by its resistance to innate effectors at early recurrence. Tumor recurrence represents a major clinical challenge. Our data show that emergent recurrent tumors acquire a phenotype radically different from that of their originating primary tumors. This phenotype allows them to ...
406	F4/80+ macrophages regulate mature osteoblast maintenance.	[ "6796297" ]	[ "PDGF-BB secreted by preosteoclasts induces angiogenesis during coupling with osteogenesis. Osteogenesis during bone modeling and remodeling is coupled with angiogenesis. A recent study showed that a specific vessel subtype, strongly positive for CD31 and endomucin (CD31hiEmcnhi), couples angiogenesis and osteogene...
407	FACT and other histone chaperone(s) compensate for Histone 2A (H2A)-histone 2B (H2B) dimer eviction during the histone exchange process.	[ "9889151" ]	[ "FACT Disrupts Nucleosome Structure by Binding H2A-H2B with Conserved Peptide Motifs.. FACT, a heterodimer of Spt16 and Pob3, is an essential histone chaperone. We show that the H2A-H2B binding activity that is central to FACT function resides in short acidic regions near the C termini of each subunit. Mutations th...
41	A high microerythrocyte count protects against severe anemia in homozygous alpha (+)- thalassemia trait subjects.	[ "18174210" ]	[ "Increased Microerythrocyte Count in Homozygous α+-Thalassaemia Contributes to Protection against Severe Malarial Anaemia. BACKGROUND The heritable haemoglobinopathy alpha(+)-thalassaemia is caused by the reduced synthesis of alpha-globin chains that form part of normal adult haemoglobin (Hb). Individuals homozygou...
413	Female carriers of the Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele have decreased risk for dementia.	[ "6309659" ]	[ "Reproductive period and risk of dementia in postmenopausal women.. CONTEXT Exogenous estrogen use may lower risk of dementia in postmenopausal women. A relationship between long-term exposure to endogenous estrogens and incident dementia has been hypothesized but not studied. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a longe...
414	Female carriers of the Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele have increased risk for Alzheimer's disease.	[ "6309659" ]	[ "Reproductive period and risk of dementia in postmenopausal women.. CONTEXT Exogenous estrogen use may lower risk of dementia in postmenopausal women. A relationship between long-term exposure to endogenous estrogens and incident dementia has been hypothesized but not studied. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a longe...
416	Female carriers of the Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele have longer lifetime exposure to estrogen due to an increased reproductive period.	[ "6309659" ]	[ "Reproductive period and risk of dementia in postmenopausal women.. CONTEXT Exogenous estrogen use may lower risk of dementia in postmenopausal women. A relationship between long-term exposure to endogenous estrogens and incident dementia has been hypothesized but not studied. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a longe...
417	Female carriers of the Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele have shorter lifetime exposure to estrogen due to a decreased reproductive period.	[ "6309659" ]	[ "Reproductive period and risk of dementia in postmenopausal women.. CONTEXT Exogenous estrogen use may lower risk of dementia in postmenopausal women. A relationship between long-term exposure to endogenous estrogens and incident dementia has been hypothesized but not studied. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a longe...
418	Fibroblast Growth Factor is a ligand which signals through receptor tyrosine kinases.	[ "16660256" ]	[ "Sprouty1 Regulates Reversible Quiescence of a Self-Renewing Adult Muscle Stem Cell Pool during Regeneration. Satellite cells are skeletal muscle stem cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation after transplantation, but whether they contribute to endogenous muscle fiber repair has been unclear. The transcri...
420	Fibroblast growth factor 21 protects against atherosclerosis by modulating adiponectin and SREBP2 levels.	[ "9315213" ]	[ "Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Prevents Atherosclerosis by Suppression of Hepatic Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein-2 and Induction of Adiponectin in Mice. BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a metabolic hormone with pleiotropic effects on glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. It...
422	Flexible molecules experience less steric hindrance in the tumor microenviroment than rigid molecules.	[ "11172205" ]	[ "Quantum dots spectrally distinguish multiple species within the tumor milieu in vivo. A solid tumor is an organ composed of cancer and host cells embedded in an extracellular matrix and nourished by blood vessels. A prerequisite to understanding tumor pathophysiology is the ability to distinguish and monitor each ...
423	Folate and vitamin B12 levels influence the association between homocysteine and preeclampsia.	[ "8595678" ]	[ "Effect modification by population dietary folate on the association between MTHFR genotype, homocysteine, and stroke risk: a meta-analysis of genetic studies and randomised trials. BACKGROUND The MTHFR 677C→T polymorphism has been associated with raised homocysteine concentration and increased risk of stroke. A pr...
425	For every 1,000 children with cerebral palsy, more than 300 of them are premature or underweight at birth.	[ "33257464" ]	[ "Changes in the prevalence of cerebral palsy for children born very prematurely within a population-based program over 30 years.. CONTEXT Although cerebral palsy (CP) among extremely premature infants has been reported as a major morbidity outcome, there are difficulties comparing published CP rates from many sites...
426	Forkhead 0 (fox0) transcription factors are involved in apoptosis.	[ "16728949" ]	[ "Cell Stem Cell Review FoxO Transcription Factors and Stem Cell Homeostasis: Insights from the Hematopoietic System. The forkhead O (FoxO) family of transcription factors participates in diverse physiologic processes, including induction of cell-cycle arrest, stress resistance, differentiation, apoptosis, and metab...
428	Forkhead 0 (fox0) transcription factors are involved in cellular differentiation.	[ "16728949" ]	[ "Cell Stem Cell Review FoxO Transcription Factors and Stem Cell Homeostasis: Insights from the Hematopoietic System. The forkhead O (FoxO) family of transcription factors participates in diverse physiologic processes, including induction of cell-cycle arrest, stress resistance, differentiation, apoptosis, and metab...
429	Formation of N-terminal pyroglutamate by glutamine cyclase (GC) competes with NTAQ1 for Nt-Gln substrates.	[ "36540079" ]	[ "Glutamine-specific N-terminal amidase, a component of the N-end rule pathway.. Deamidation of N-terminal Gln by Nt(Q)-amidase, an N-terminal amidohydrolase, is a part of the N-end rule pathway of protein degradation. We detected the activity of Nt(Q)-amidase, termed Ntaq1, in mouse tissues, purified Ntaq1 from bov...
43	A low percentage of hematopoietic progenitor cells are susceptible to HIV-1 infection ex vivo.	[ "7224723" ]	[ "HIV–1 Infects Multipotent Progenitor Cells Causing Cell Death and Establishing Latent Cellular Reservoirs. HIV causes a chronic infection characterized by depletion of CD4(+) T lymphocytes and the development of opportunistic infections. Despite drugs that inhibit viral spread, HIV infection has been difficult to ...
430	FoxO3a activation in neuronal death is inhibited by reactive oxygen species (ROS).	[ "28937856" ]	[ "Stress-dependent regulation of FOXO transcription factors by the SIRT1 deacetylase.. The Sir2 deacetylase modulates organismal life-span in various species. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Sir2 increases longevity are largely unknown. We show that in mammalian cells, the Sir2 homolog SIRT1 appears to co...
432	Foxk2 regulates autophagy genes in muscle cells and fibroblast cells.	[ "8002887" ]	[ "Foxk proteins repress the initiation of starvation-induced atrophy and autophagy programs. Autophagy is the primary catabolic process triggered in response to starvation. Although autophagic regulation within the cytosolic compartment is well established, it is becoming clear that nuclear events also regulate the ...
434	Foxp3 enables the expression of transcriptional regulators implicated in memory T cell development.	[ "9500590" ]	[ "Extrathymic Generation of Regulatory T Cells in Placental Mammals Mitigates Maternal-Fetal Conflict. Regulatory T (Treg) cells, whose differentiation and function are controlled by X chromosome-encoded transcription factor Foxp3, are generated in the thymus (tTreg) and extrathymically (peripheral, pTreg), and thei...
435	Foxp3 represses the expression of transcriptional regulators implicated in memory T cell development.	[ "9500590" ]	[ "Extrathymic Generation of Regulatory T Cells in Placental Mammals Mitigates Maternal-Fetal Conflict. Regulatory T (Treg) cells, whose differentiation and function are controlled by X chromosome-encoded transcription factor Foxp3, are generated in the thymus (tTreg) and extrathymically (peripheral, pTreg), and thei...
44	A mutation in HNF4A leads to an increased risk of developing diabetes by the age of 14 years.	[ "56893404" ]	[ "Macrosomia and Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia in Patients with Heterozygous Mutations in the HNF4A Gene. Background Macrosomia is associated with considerable neonatal and maternal morbidity. Factors that predict macrosomia are poorly understood. The increased rate of macrosomia in the offspring of pregnant wome...
441	G-CSF increases the expansion and infiltration of MDSCs into tumors.	[ "2014909" ]	[ "Oncogenic mTOR signaling recruits myeloid-derived suppressor cells to promote tumor initiation. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play critical roles in primary and metastatic cancer progression. MDSC regulation is widely variable even among patients harbouring the same type of malignancy, and the mechanism...
444	GATA3 regulates cell cycle progression in bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells.	[ "10165258" ]	[ "GATA-3 regulates hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and cell-cycle entry.. Maintaining hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence is a critical property for the life-long generation of blood cells. Approximately 75% of cells in a highly enriched long-term repopulating HSC (LT-HSC) pool (Lin(-)Sca1(+)c-Kit(hi)CD150(...
445	GATA3 regulates self-renewal capacity in bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells.	[ "10165258" ]	[ "GATA-3 regulates hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and cell-cycle entry.. Maintaining hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence is a critical property for the life-long generation of blood cells. Approximately 75% of cells in a highly enriched long-term repopulating HSC (LT-HSC) pool (Lin(-)Sca1(+)c-Kit(hi)CD150(...
447	Gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori decreases risk of gastric cancer in humans.	[ "2052720" ]	[ "Association between infection with Helicobacter pylori and risk of gastric cancer: evidence from a prospective investigation.. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between gastric cancer and prior infection with Helicobacter pylori. DESIGN Case-control comparison of prevalence of IgG antibodies to H pylori in ...
448	Gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori increases risk of gastric cancer in humans.	[ "2052720" ]	[ "Association between infection with Helicobacter pylori and risk of gastric cancer: evidence from a prospective investigation.. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between gastric cancer and prior infection with Helicobacter pylori. DESIGN Case-control comparison of prevalence of IgG antibodies to H pylori in ...
449	Gastric lavage is an effective treatment for acute paraquat poisoning.	[ "12209494", "3430789" ]	[ "Multiple-dose activated charcoal in acute self-poisoning: a randomised controlled trial. BACKGROUND The case-fatality for intentional self-poisoning in the rural developing world is 10-50-fold higher than that in industrialised countries, mostly because of the use of highly toxic pesticides and plants. We therefor...
45	A mutation in HNF4A leads to an increased risk of diabetes by the age of 14 years.	[ "56893404" ]	[ "Macrosomia and Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia in Patients with Heterozygous Mutations in the HNF4A Gene. Background Macrosomia is associated with considerable neonatal and maternal morbidity. Factors that predict macrosomia are poorly understood. The increased rate of macrosomia in the offspring of pregnant wome...
453	General exercise therapy is more effective than rotator cuff exercises in reducing pain and improving function of the shoulder.	[ "4200695" ]	[ "Effect of specific exercise strategy on need for surgery in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome: randomised controlled study. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if a specific exercise strategy, targeting the rotator cuff and scapula stabilisers, improves shoulder function and pain more than unspecific exercises in p...
454	General exercise therapy is more effective than scapular stabilizer exercises in reducing pain and improving function of the shoulder.	[ "4200695" ]	[ "Effect of specific exercise strategy on need for surgery in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome: randomised controlled study. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if a specific exercise strategy, targeting the rotator cuff and scapula stabilisers, improves shoulder function and pain more than unspecific exercises in p...
455	Genes involved in pre-mRNA splicing have a significant impact on genome stability.	[ "12643937" ]	[ "A genome-wide siRNA screen reveals diverse cellular processes and pathways that mediate genome stability.. Signaling pathways that respond to DNA damage are essential for the maintenance of genome stability and are linked to many diseases, including cancer. Here, a genome-wide siRNA screen was employed to identify...
456	Genes regulated by Esrrb transcription factor are sensitive to Mbd3 function.	[ "30507607" ]	[ "An Oct4-Centered Protein Interaction Network in Embryonic Stem Cells. Transcription factors, such as Oct4, are critical for establishing and maintaining pluripotent cell identity. Whereas the genomic locations of several pluripotency transcription factors have been reported, the spectrum of their interaction partn...
458	Genetic deficiency of mast cells leads to decreased weight gain in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.	[ "597790" ]	[ "Deficiency and pharmacological stabilization of mast cells reduce diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Although mast cell functions have classically been related to allergic responses, recent studies indicate that these cells contribute to other common diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthriti...
46	A single nucleotide variant the gene DGKK is strongly associated with increased risk of hypospadias.	[ "380526" ]	[ "Common variants in DGKK are strongly associated with risk of hypospadias. Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the male external genitalia. We performed a genome-wide association study using pooled DNA from 436 individuals with hypospadias (cases) and 494 controls of European descent and selected the...
461	Genetic deletion of JAM-A increases gut permeability.	[ "40096222" ]	[ "Compromised intestinal epithelial barrier induces adaptive immune compensation that protects from colitis.. Mice lacking junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A, encoded by F11r) exhibit enhanced intestinal epithelial permeability, bacterial translocation, and elevated colonic lymphocyte numbers, yet do not develop ...
463	Genomic aberrations of metastases provide information for targeted therapy.	[ "19736671" ]	[ "Evolution of metastasis revealed by mutational landscapes of chemically induced skin cancers. Human tumors show a high level of genetic heterogeneity, but the processes that influence the timing and route of metastatic dissemination of the subclones are unknown. Here we have used whole-exome sequencing of 103 matc...
466	Genomic sequences involved in alternative splicing responsible for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) are abundant in the ''progerinonly'' allele of Lmna knock-in models.	[ "22544171" ]	[ "Reversal of the cellular phenotype in the premature aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a childhood premature aging disease caused by a spontaneous point mutation in lamin A (encoded by LMNA), one of the major architectural elements of the mammalian ce...
469	Glial calcium waves influence seizures.	[ "1410197" ]	[ "An Excitatory Loop with Astrocytes Contributes to Drive Neurons to Seizure Threshold. Seizures in focal epilepsies are sustained by a highly synchronous neuronal discharge that arises at restricted brain sites and subsequently spreads to large portions of the brain. Despite intense experimental research in this fi...
47	A strong bias in the phage genome locations where the spacers were derived has been observed in many CRISPR subtypes that confer the immunity to phage.	[ "3512154", "26996935" ]	[ "CRISPR adaptation biases explain preference for acquisition of foreign DNA. CRISPR-Cas (clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats coupled with CRISPR-associated proteins) is a bacterial immunity system that protects against invading phages or plasmids. In the process of CRISPR adaptation, short pi...
470	Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by extensive invasion, rapid growth, necrosis, and angiogenesis.	[ "12685434" ]	[ "Guanylate binding protein 1 is a novel effector of EGFR-driven invasion in glioblastoma. Although GBP1 (guanylate binding protein 1) was among the first interferon-inducible proteins identified, its function is still largely unknown. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation by amplification or mutation i...
472	Glucose restriction to 0.05% reduces RLS (replicative life span) by 20-40% in S. cerevisiae.	[ "7185591", "26330861", "4414481" ]	[ "Sir2-Independent Life Span Extension by Calorie Restriction in Yeast. Calorie restriction slows aging and increases life span in many organisms. In yeast, a mechanistic explanation has been proposed whereby calorie restriction slows aging by activating Sir2. Here we report the identification of a Sir2-independent ...
473	Glycan adaptation involves insertion-deletion events.	[ "4373433" ]	[ "Broad neutralization coverage of HIV by multiple highly potent antibodies. Broadly neutralizing antibodies against highly variable viral pathogens are much sought after to treat or protect against global circulating viruses. Here we probed the neutralizing antibody repertoires of four human immunodeficiency virus ...
474	Glycan adaptation is rarely observed in the B-cell repertoire.	[ "4373433" ]	[ "Broad neutralization coverage of HIV by multiple highly potent antibodies. Broadly neutralizing antibodies against highly variable viral pathogens are much sought after to treat or protect against global circulating viruses. Here we probed the neutralizing antibody repertoires of four human immunodeficiency virus ...
479	Gpr124 increases BBB breakdown in mouse models of ischemic stroke.	[ "6325527" ]	[ "Gpr124 is essential for blood–brain barrier integrity in central nervous system disease. Although blood–brain barrier (BBB) compromise is central to the etiology of diverse central nervous system (CNS) disorders, endothelial receptor proteins that control BBB function are poorly defined. The endothelial G-protein-...
480	Gpr124 suppresses BBB breakdown in mouse models of ischemic stroke.	[ "6325527" ]	[ "Gpr124 is essential for blood–brain barrier integrity in central nervous system disease. Although blood–brain barrier (BBB) compromise is central to the etiology of diverse central nervous system (CNS) disorders, endothelial receptor proteins that control BBB function are poorly defined. The endothelial G-protein-...
481	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho-GDI) interacts with the p75 NTR death domain	[ "14706752" ]	[ "Gamma-Secretase Represents a Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Invasive Glioma Mediated by the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor. The multifunctional signaling protein p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) is a central regulator and major contributor to the highly invasive nature of malignant gliomas. Here, we show t...
482	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) mediate RhoA activation in response to tensional forces on fibronectin-binding integrins.	[ "10991183" ]	[ "The Rho GEFs LARG and GEF-H1 regulate the mechanical response to force on integrins. How individual cells respond to mechanical forces is of considerable interest to biologists as force affects many aspects of cell behaviour. The application of force on integrins triggers cytoskeletal rearrangements and growth of ...
483	H.pylori-mediated gastric cancer occurs due to the accumulation of mutations in host epithelial cells.	[ "22703082" ]	[ "Helicobacter pylori infection triggers aberrant expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in gastric epithelium. Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. Here we show that infection of gastric epithelial cells with 'cag' pathogenicity island (...
484	H4 G94P proteins induce chromatin assembly, which increases free histones.	[ "14637235" ]	[ "Histone levels are regulated by phosphorylation and ubiquitylation dependent proteolysis. Histone levels are tightly regulated to prevent harmful effects such as genomic instability and hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents due to the accumulation of these highly basic proteins when DNA replication slows down or...
485	H4 G94P proteins induce degradation of free histones via Rad53-dependent mechanisms.	[ "14637235" ]	[ "Histone levels are regulated by phosphorylation and ubiquitylation dependent proteolysis. Histone levels are tightly regulated to prevent harmful effects such as genomic instability and hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents due to the accumulation of these highly basic proteins when DNA replication slows down or...
486	H4 G94P proteins inhibit chromatin assembly, which decreases free histones.	[ "14637235" ]	[ "Histone levels are regulated by phosphorylation and ubiquitylation dependent proteolysis. Histone levels are tightly regulated to prevent harmful effects such as genomic instability and hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents due to the accumulation of these highly basic proteins when DNA replication slows down or...
487	H4 G94P proteins suppress degradation of free histones via Rad53-dependent mechanisms.	[ "14637235" ]	[ "Histone levels are regulated by phosphorylation and ubiquitylation dependent proteolysis. Histone levels are tightly regulated to prevent harmful effects such as genomic instability and hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents due to the accumulation of these highly basic proteins when DNA replication slows down or...
488	HAND2 methylation is a key step in early endometrial carcinogenesis.	[ "1780819" ]	[ "Role of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Silencing of HAND2 in Endometrial Cancer Development. BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer incidence is continuing to rise in the wake of the current ageing and obesity epidemics. Much of the risk for endometrial cancer development is influenced by the environment and lifestyle. Acc...
489	HIV trans-activator protein (TAT) effectively transports large and small molecules across cellular membranes into larger populations of neurons.	[ "6625693" ]	[ "Suppression of inflammatory and neuropathic pain by uncoupling CRMP-2 from the presynaptic Ca2+ channel complex. The use of N-type voltage-gated calcium channel (CaV2.2) blockers to treat pain is limited by many physiological side effects. Here we report that inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity can be su...
490	HNF4A mutations are associated with macrosomia in infancy.	[ "56893404" ]	[ "Macrosomia and Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia in Patients with Heterozygous Mutations in the HNF4A Gene. Background Macrosomia is associated with considerable neonatal and maternal morbidity. Factors that predict macrosomia are poorly understood. The increased rate of macrosomia in the offspring of pregnant wome...
492	HOXB4 facilitates HSC expansion when co-cultured with HSCs.	[ "19583924" ]	[ "Angiopoietin-like proteins stimulate ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells. Successful ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) would greatly benefit the treatment of disease and the understanding of crucial questions of stem cell biology. Here we show, using microarray studies, that the HSC-su...
493	HOXB4 is a highly expressed component of cellular secretome from fetal liver cell populations.	[ "19583924" ]	[ "Angiopoietin-like proteins stimulate ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells. Successful ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) would greatly benefit the treatment of disease and the understanding of crucial questions of stem cell biology. Here we show, using microarray studies, that the HSC-su...
494	HSCT-T dosage may not be diagnostic if the onset of symptoms occurs less than 3 hours before AMI.	[ "34873974" ]	[ "Diagnostic accuracy of single baseline measurement of Elecsys Troponin T high-sensitive assay for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in emergency department: systematic review and meta-analysis. OBJECTIVE To obtain summary estimates of the accuracy of a single baseline measurement of the Elecsys Troponin T h...
495	Having a main partner improves HIV outcomes.	[ "17077004" ]	[ "Stable partnership and progression to AIDS or death in HIV infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: Swiss HIV cohort study.. OBJECTIVES To explore the association between a stable partnership and clinical outcome in HIV infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAR...
498	Having a main partner worsens HIV outcomes.	[ "17077004" ]	[ "Stable partnership and progression to AIDS or death in HIV infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: Swiss HIV cohort study.. OBJECTIVES To explore the association between a stable partnership and clinical outcome in HIV infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAR...
499	HbA1c consistently overestimates glycemic control in black individuals with Sickle cell trait (SCT).	[ "26064662" ]	[ "Association of Sickle Cell Trait With Hemoglobin A1c in African Americans. Importance Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reflects past glucose concentrations, but this relationship may differ between those with sickle cell trait (SCT) and those without it. Objective To evaluate the association between SCT and HbA1c for given ...
500	Headaches are correlated with cognitive impairment.	[ "17930286" ]	[ "Headache, migraine, and structural brain lesions and function: population based Epidemiology of Vascular Ageing-MRI study. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of overall and specific headaches with volume of white matter hyperintensities, brain infarcts, and cognition. DESIGN Population based, cross sectional st...
504	Healthy volunteers exhibit rapid and transient increase of cellular ATP after being bolus-injected with fructose.	[ "10883736" ]	[ "Alterations in liver ATP homeostasis in human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study.. CONTEXT The mechanisms that drive progression from fatty liver to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis are unknown. In animal models, obese mice with fatty livers are vulnerable to liver adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion and ...
505	Helicobacter pylori-induced aberrant NF-kB-dependent expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase contributes to the mutagenesis of host DNA.	[ "22703082" ]	[ "Helicobacter pylori infection triggers aberrant expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in gastric epithelium. Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. Here we show that infection of gastric epithelial cells with 'cag' pathogenicity island (...
506	Helminths interfere with immune system control of coinfections by microbial pathogens 16.	[ "7433668" ]	[ "Preexisting helminth infection induces inhibition of innate pulmonary anti-tuberculosis defense by engaging the IL-4 receptor pathway. Tuberculosis and helminthic infections coexist in many parts of the world, yet the impact of helminth-elicited Th2 responses on the ability of the host to control Mycobacterium tub...
509	Hematopoietic Stem Cell purification reaches purity rates above 90%.	[ "13980338" ]	[ "Combined Single-Cell Functional and Gene Expression Analysis Resolves Heterogeneity within Stem Cell Populations. Heterogeneity within the self-renewal durability of adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) challenges our understanding of the molecular framework underlying HSC function. Gene expression studies have b...

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