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4.17 Enzymes Involved in Processing Glutathione Conjugates | Many potentially toxic electrophiles react with glutathione to form glutathione S-conjugates in reactions catalyzed or enhanced by glutathione S-transferases. The glutathione S-conjugate is sequentially converted to the cysteinylglycine-, cysteine- and N-acetyl-cysteine S-conjugate (mercapturate). The mercapturate is g... |
Patients with COVID-19 in 19 ICUs in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional study | BACKGROUND: A COVID-19 outbreak started in Wuhan, China, last December and now has become a global pandemic. The clinical information in caring of critically ill patients with COVID-19 needs to be shared timely, especially under the situations that there is still a largely ongoing spread of COVID-19 in many countries. ... |
Experimental and numerical investigation of micro-environmental conditions in public transportation buses | Abstract This study examines both numerically and experimentally the micro-environmental conditions in public transportation buses. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed and experimentally validated. The developed CFD model was used to calculate the spatial distributions of the mean age and mean resi... |
Immunization with inactivated Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus vaccine leads to lung immunopathology on challenge with live virus | To determine if a hypersensitive-type lung pathology might occur when mice were given an inactivated MERS-CoV vaccine and challenged with infectious virus as was seen with SARS-CoV vaccines, we prepared and vaccinated mice with an inactivated MERS-CoV vaccine. Neutralizing antibody was induced by vaccine with and witho... |
Respiratory DNA viruses are undetectable in nasopharyngeal secretions from adenotonsillectomized children | Respiratory viruses are frequently detected in association with chronic tonsillar hypertrophy in the absence of symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI). The present analysis was done in follow-up to a previous clinical study done by this same group. Nasopharyngeal washes (NPWs) were obtained from 83 of 120 indivi... |
The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak | Motivated by the rapid spread of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Mainland China, we use a global metapopulation disease transmission model to project the impact of both domestic and international travel limitations on the national and international spread of the epidemic. The model is calibrated on the evidence of i... |
Research progress in SELDI-TOF MS and its clinical applications | Abstract Proteinchip profiling is a powerful and innovative proteomic technology for the discovery of biomarkers and the development of diagnostic/prognostic assays. On the basis of surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS), Ciphergen’s proteinchip system offers a sing... |
Next-generation sequencing library preparation method for identification of RNA viruses on the Ion Torrent Sequencing Platform | Next generation sequencing (NGS) is a powerful tool for the characterization, discovery, and molecular identification of RNA viruses. There were multiple NGS library preparation methods published for strand-specific RNA-seq, but some methods are not suitable for identifying and characterizing RNA viruses. In this study... |
Trends in global warming and evolution of matrix protein 2 family from influenza A virus | The global warming is an important factor affecting the biological evolution, and the influenza is an important disease that threatens humans with possible epidemics or pandemics. In this study, we attempted to analyze the trends in global warming and evolution of matrix protein 2 family from influenza A virus, because... |
Implications for COVID-19: a systematic review of nurses’ experiences of working in acute care hospital settings during a respiratory pandemic | Abstract Background Pandemics and epidemics are a public health emergencies that can result in substantial deaths and socio-economic disruption. Nurses play a key role in the public health response to such crises, delivering direct patient care and risk of exposure to the infectious disease. The experience of providing... |
Effect of COVID‐19 in selecting otolaryngology as a specialty | Coronavirus disease 2019 has undoubtedly impacted the health care system while causing lasting and profound implications for medical education. Senior medical students seeking exposure to the field of otolaryngology now find themselves in the challenging position of obtaining the experiences to make an informed decisio... |
Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) | Estimation of the prevalence and contagiousness of undocumented novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infections is critical for understanding the overall prevalence and pandemic potential of this disease. Here we use observations of reported infection within China, in conjunction with mobility data, a networked dynamic metapo... |
Toll-like receptor 3 in viral pathogenesis: friend or foe? | Viral infections frequently induce acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, yet the contribution of the innate immune response to a detrimental host response remains poorly understood. In virus-infected cells, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is generated as an intermediate during viral replication. Cell necrosis (and the r... |
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Myocarditis: Insights into Pathophysiology and Management | The world is dealing with a global pandemic of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is the illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, is overwhelming healthcare systems around the world. Although the main clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory symptoms, several... |
Risky Bodies in the Plasma Bioeconomy: A Feminist Analysis | In 2003 the UK National Blood Service introduced a policy of ‘male donor preference’ which involved women’s plasma being discarded following blood collection. The policy was based on the view that data relating to the incidence of Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) was linked to transfusion with women’s plas... |
Correlates of symptoms of anxiety and depression and mental wellbeing associated with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study of UK-based respondents | Background: The aim was to assess the impact of COVID-19 self-isolation/social distancing on mental health, and potential correlates, among a sample of the UK population. Methods: A cross-sectional study. Mental health was measured using the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory. Mental wellbeing was measured using The... |
Tuberculosis and novel Wuhan coronavirus infection: Pathological interrelationship | • Letter discussing on important new emerging disease. |
Unintentional Injury Fatalities in the Context of Rising U.S. Suicide Rates: A Five-Year Review of the Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System | This archival study focuses specifically on suicide fatalities in relation to unintentional and undetermined injury fatalities in an effort to determine whether or not these rates are rising consistently. This question may serve to inform whether or not suicides are being accurately reported and documented. Data from a... |
A critical review: traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore (Fen Fang Ji) | ABSTRACT: Stephania tetrandra S. Moore (S. tetrandra) is distributed widely in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. The root of this plant is known in Chinese as “Fen Fang Ji”. It is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat arthralgia caused by rheumatism, wet beriberi, dysuria, eczema and... |
Influenza Vaccination Is Not Associated With Detection of Noninfluenza Respiratory Viruses in Seasonal Studies of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness | Background. The test-negative control study design is the basis for observational studies of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE). Recent studies have suggested that influenza vaccination increases the risk of noninfluenza respiratory virus infection. Such an effect could create bias in VE studies using influenza-negat... |
A multivalent HIV-1 fusion inhibitor based on small helical foldamers | The peptide sequence AcNH–TEG–Glu-Aib-Trp-AibAib-Trp-AibAib-Ile-Asp–OH (1), designed to display the WWI epitope found near the C-terminus of gp41, an envelope glycoprotein decorating the surface of the HIV-1 virus, has been synthesized and proved to have a relevant content of helical conformation because of the presenc... |
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus H5N1 non-structural protein 1 is associated with apoptotic activation of the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway | Outbreaks of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection have significant health and economic consequences. Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is an essential virulence factor of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus and of the apoptosis associated with the pathogenesis of H5N1. Previous studies have revealed that ... |
Improving Virus Taxonomy by Recontextualizing Sequence-Based Classification with Biologically Relevant Data: the Case of the Alphacoronavirus 1 Species | The difficulties related to virus taxonomy have been amplified by recent advances in next-generation sequencing and metagenomics, prompting the field to revisit the question of what constitutes a useful viral classification. Here, taking a challenging classification found in coronaviruses, we argue that consideration o... |
Lessons learned from SARS to COVID-19 in the Taiwanese population | |
Using remote interventions in promoting the health of frail older persons following the COVID-19 lockdown: challenges and solutions | In light of the Covid-19 pandemic, many older people across the world are being asked to self-isolate to protect their health. This has led to a rapid reconfiguration of health promotion services, which are diverse in focus, and may include exercise, dietary interventions or psychosocial interventions, towards remote d... |
COVID‐19 pandemic: perspectives on an unfolding crisis | A time of crisis |
Artificial Intelligence-Empowered Mobilization of Assessments in COVID-19-like Pandemics: A Case Study for Early Flattening of the Curve | The global outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has uncovered the fragility of healthcare and public health preparedness and planning against epidemics/pandemics. In addition to the medical practice for treatment and immunization, it is vital to have a thorough understanding of community spread ... |
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Clinical and Pathogenesis Features | Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Disease typically starts with an abrupt onset of neurologic symptoms and signs within days to weeks after a viral infection or immunization. Neuropathological examination of the CNS in ADEM reveals involvemen... |
Crude incidence in two-phase designs in the presence of competing risks | BACKGROUND: In many studies, some information might not be available for the whole cohort, some covariates, or even the outcome, might be ascertained in selected subsamples. These studies are part of a broad category termed two-phase studies. Common examples include the nested case-control and the case-cohort designs. ... |
Three unique Sendai virus antigenic peptides screened from nucleocapsid protein by overlapping peptide array | Abstract Sendai virus (SeV) is strictly monitored in laboratory rodents. Currently, complete virions have been used as antigens in SeV serological tests. However, the complexity of SeV virion antigen limits the accuracy of the diagnostic method. In the current study, complete SeV virion antigen was separated on SDS-PAG... |
An early assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on air transport: Just another crisis or the end of aviation as we know it? | |
High-resolution epidemic simulation using within-host infection and contact data | BACKGROUND: Recent epidemics have entailed global discussions on revamping epidemic control and prevention approaches. A general consensus is that all sources of data should be embraced to improve epidemic preparedness. As a disease transmission is inherently governed by individual-level responses, pathogen dynamics wi... |
gp41: HIV's shy protein | The first X-ray crystal structures of gp41, the protein that mediates fusion of HIV-1 to target cells, were solved in the mid-1990s. The structures provide a foundation for understanding viral entry and the mechanism of action of compounds that block fusion. The first fusion inhibitor has recently entered the clinic, a... |
Systematic review and meta-analysis for the use of ultrasound versus radiology in diagnosing of pneumonia | BACKGROUND: Physicians are increasingly using point of care lung ultrasound (LUS) for diagnosing pneumonia, especially in critical situations as it represents relatively easy and immediately available tool. They also used it in many associated pathological conditions such as consolidation, pleural effusion, and interst... |
Comparison of atopic and nonatopic children with chronic cough: Bronchoalveolar lavage cell profile | Chronic cough is a common complaint in children and its relationship with asthma is controversial. The aim of the present study was to determine the pattern of airway inflammation in atopic and nonatopic children with chronic cough, and to investigate whether atopy is a predictive factor for eosinophilic inflammation i... |
Emergence of Community-Acquired Adenovirus Type 55 as a Cause of Community-Onset Pneumonia | Background Since 2008, severe cases of emerging human adenovirus (HAdV) type 55 (HAdV-55) were reported sporadically in China. But no comparative studies had been conducted to discern the differences in epidemiologic and clinical abnormalities between HAdV-55 and other types (HAdV-7, HAdV-3, HAdV-14, HAdV-50, and HAdV-... |
Pulmonary Therapy 2020 Update and Podcast: Meet the Journal’s Editors-in-Chief | The Editors-in-Chief of Pulmonary Therapy have prepared podcasts summarizing their current research, recent highlights from the field, and future predictions. Audio-only versions and the transcripts can be downloaded here: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11938863. Following this is a written summary of the journal’... |
The effect of dietary intake of the acidic protein fraction of bovine colostrum on influenza A (H1N1) virus infection | Acidic protein levels in the milk decrease markedly as lactation progresses, suggesting that it is an important part of the colostrum. However, little attention has been paid to their biological function. In this study, we isolated the acidic protein fraction of bovine colostrum (AFC, isoelectric point <5) by anion-exc... |
Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, et al. Pediatrics. 2020; doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-0702. | Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19) is a pandemic with many countries employing massive public health responses. Little is known about the severity of illness in the pediatric population. This study sought to identify demographic information and severity of disease in pediatric patients with COVID-19.... |
Analysis of Ebola virus polymerase domains to find strain-specific differences and to gain insight on their pathogenicity | Ebola virus, a member of the family Filoviridae has caused immense morbidity and mortality in recent times, especially in West Africa. The infection characterized by chills, fever, diarrhea, and myalgia can progress to hemorrhage and death. Hence, it is a high priority area to better understand its biology in order to ... |
Expression of 9-O- and 7,9-O-Acetyl Modified Sialic Acid in Cells and Their Effects on Influenza Viruses | Sialic acids (Sia) are widely displayed on the surfaces of cells and tissues. Sia come in a variety of chemically modified forms, including those with acetyl modifications at the C-7, C-8, and C-9 positions. Here, we analyzed the distribution and amounts of these acetyl modifications in different human and canine cells... |
T cells can mediate viral clearance from ependyma but not from brain parenchyma in a major histocompatibility class I- and perforin-independent manner | Viral infection of the central nervous system can lead to disability and death. Yet the majority of viral infections with central nervous system involvement resolve with only mild clinical manifestations, if any. This is generally attributed to efficient elimination of the infection from the brain coverings, i.e. the m... |
A blended cognitive behavioral intervention for patients with adjustment disorder with anxiety: A randomized controlled trial | Adjustment disorder with anxiety (ADA) is a common psychiatric pathology worldwide, but it is often undertreated. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line treatment, but very few studies have been carried out for the treatment of ADA. Internet-delivered CBT (iCBT) appears to be an effective treatment option... |
Prevision of multidisciplinary head and neck cancer survivorship care during the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic | The 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic challenges the delivery of care for patients with head and neck cancer. An important aspect of this care has been the evolution of enhanced survivorship services, which include surveillance for recurring cancer and prevention of second primaries. The application of evidence‐based approache... |
WU and KI Polyomavirus Prevalence in Invasive Respiratory Samples From Transplant Recipients in Cantabria, Spain | Abstract Background WU and KI polyomaviruses were discovered in 2007 in samples of respiratory secretions of children with acute respiratory symptoms. Seroepidemiologic studies have shown that these viruses are widely distributed throughout the world, but their incidence in Spain has not been determined. In transplant ... |
No-wait two-stage flowshop problem with multi-task flexibility of the first machine | For the creation of intelligent management systems in hospitals, efficient resource arrangement is essential. Motivated by a real-world scenario in hospitals, we introduce the no-wait two-stage flowshop scheduling problem with the first-stage machine having multi-task flexibility. In this problem, each job has two oper... |
From the IASLC Tobacco Control Committee | |
Autophagy: The multi‐purpose bridge in viral infections and host cells | Autophagy signaling pathway is involved in cellular homeostasis, developmental processes, cellular stress responses, and immune pathways. The aim of this review is to summarize the relationship between autophagy and viruses. It is not possible to be fully comprehensive, or to provide a complete “overview of all viruses... |
Process integration for emerging challenges: optimal allocation of antivirals under resource constraints | ABSTRACT: The global scientific community has intensified efforts to develop, test, and commercialize pharmaceutical products to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic. Trials for both antivirals and vaccines are in progress; candidates include existing repurposed drugs that were originally developed for other ailments. Once ... |
Risk Attitudes Affect Livestock Biosecurity Decisions With Ramifications for Disease Control in a Simulated Production System | Hog producers' operational decisions can be informed by an awareness of risks associated with emergent and endemic diseases. Outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) have been re-occurring every year since the first onset in 2013 with substantial losses across the hog production supply chain. Interestingly, ... |
Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Cytokines in Pathogenesis and in Therapies | Multiple sclerosis, the clinical features and pathological correlate for which were first described by Charcot, is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease with unknown etiology and variable clinical evolution. Although neuroinflammation is a descriptive denominator in multiple sclerosis based on histopathological observati... |
Asthma phenotypes | The many roads leading to the syndrome of asthma have proven to be intricately interconnected. The chronic inflammation of asthma is characterized by airway hyperreactivity and variable reversibility. Past classification systems relied on assessment of daily impairment and the distinction between intrinsic (nonallergic... |
Protection of swine by live and inactivated vaccines prepared from a leader proteinase-deficient serotype A12 foot-and-mouth disease virus | Abstract Previously, we demonstrated that a genetically engineered variant of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A12 lacking the leader proteinase-coding region (A12-LLV2) was attenuated and induced an immune response that partially protected cattle from FMD. In this study, A12-LLV2 was tested in swine as a l... |
Ligand-induced Dimerization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Coronavirus nsp5 Protease (3CL(pro)): IMPLICATIONS FOR nsp5 REGULATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIVIRALS | All coronaviruses, including the recently emerged Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) from the β-CoV subgroup, require the proteolytic activity of the nsp5 protease (also known as 3C-like protease, 3CL(pro)) during virus replication, making it a high value target for the development of anti-coronavi... |
COVID‐19 Related Oral Manifestations, Early Disease Features? | The outbreak of novel communicable diseases urges epidemiologic and clinical researchers to establish highly sensitive case definitions to track all true positive cases; therefore, there is emerging evidence on the oral lesions that may be indicative of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). |
Risks of an epidemic in a two-layered railway-local area traveling network | In view of the huge investments into the construction of high speed rails systems in USA, Japan, and China, we present a two-layer traveling network model to study the risks that the railway network poses in case of an epidemic outbreak. The model consists of two layers with one layer representing the railway network a... |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): not one epidemic but four | |
Cluster of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections in Iran, 2014 | During January 2013–August 2014, a total of 1,800 patients in Iran who had respiratory illness were tested for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. A cluster of 5 cases occurred in Kerman Province during May–July 2014, but virus transmission routes for some infections were unclear. |
Chemical evolution for taming the ‘pathogenic kinase’ PAK1 | To celebrate the 25th anniversary of the cloning of the first mammalian p21-activated kinases (PAKs) (RAC/CDC42-activated kinases) by Ed Manser, the first international PAK symposium was held in NYC in October 2019. Among six distinct PAKs in mammals, PAK1 is the major ‘pathogenic kinase’, the abnormal activation of wh... |
Coronavirus membrane-associated papain-like proteases induce autophagy through interacting with Beclin1 to negatively regulate antiviral innate immunity | Autophagy plays important roles in modulating viral replication and antiviral immune response. Coronavirus infection is associated with the autophagic process, however, little is known about the mechanisms of autophagy induction and its contribution to coronavirus regulation of host innate responses. Here, we show that... |
Advanced electrocatalytic properties of nano-CoWO4 and CoWO4/nitrogen-doped graphene oxide as the anode materials of water electrolysis | Abstract The electrocatalytic performance of tungsten-based compounds was significantly enhanced via the crystal facets engineering, defect tuning, and combination with conductive 2D materials. Stating from Na2WO4·2H2O and CoCl2·6H2O we synthesized two types of nano-CoWO4 with different morphologies. The products were ... |
Imaging Proteolytic Activities in Mouse Models of Cancer | Proteases are “protein-cleaving” enzymes, which, in addition to their non-specific degrading function, also catalyze the highly specific and regulated process of proteolytic processing, thus regulating multiple biological functions. Alterations in proteolytic activity occur during pathological conditions such as cancer... |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): An old virus jumping into a new host or a new creation? | |
Influencia de la pandemia por coronavirus 2(sars-cov-2) en la apendicitis aguda. Sars-cov-2 en la apendicitis aguda | Abstract Introduction: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common abdominal surgical emergency. No specific studies have been found that evaluate the impact of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic on AA and its surgical management. An analysis was made on the influence of this new pathology on the clinical course of... |
Canine distemper virus may affect European wild cat populations in Central Spain | The main objective of this brief communication is to inform about the exposure to certain pathogens of interest for mesocarnivores in wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris) that inhabit a human-domestic-wild ecotone located in a Natural Park (Serranía de Cuenca, Central Spain). Blood and mucosal swabs (nasal, conjuncti... |
Lyssavirus surveillance in bats of southern China’s Guangxi Province | Although rabies virus is widely distributed in the world, and has been the subject of extensive investigations with the objective of its ultimate prevention, control, and management, there is much less knowledge of the characteristics, distribution, and infectivity of other lyssaviruses. Since bats are known animal vec... |
Low-Dose Serotherapy Improves Early Immune Reconstitution after Cord Blood Transplantation for Primary Immunodeficiencies | Abstract Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is curative for many primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) but is associated with risks of viral infection and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Serotherapy reduces GvHD but potentially increases the risk of viral infection by delaying immune reconstitution. Because many PID patien... |
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Pulmonary Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Infected with Influenza versus Other Respiratory Viruses | BACKGROUND: Although the frequency of respiratory viral infection in patients with pulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is not uncommon, clinical significance of the condition remains to be further elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare characteristics and outcomes of patients with pulmona... |
Role of telehealth in outbreaks—Where the classical healthcare systems fail | |
The Landscape of Human Cancer Proteins Targeted by SARS-CoV-2 | The mapping of SARS-CoV-2 human protein–protein interactions by Gordon and colleagues revealed druggable targets that are hijacked by the virus. Here, we highlight several oncogenic pathways identified at the host–virus interface of SARS-CoV-2 to enable cancer biologists to apply their knowledge for rapid drug repurpos... |
Offline: CoHERE—a call for a post-pandemic health strategy | |
Respiratory Viral Antigens in Autopsy Lung Tissue Specimens from Patients with Cancer or Myocardial Infarction | Using immunoenzyme histochemical analysis, we retrospectively examined lung tissue specimens obtained at autopsy from 118 patients with cancer who had received chemotherapy and 20 patients who had died after myocardial infarction. Respiratory viral antigens were demonstrated in lung tissue specimens from eight of 118 c... |
The day after COVID-19 in IBD: how to go back to ‘normal’ | During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) practices have been disrupted. This Comment summarizes the key strategies that should be implemented for both patients and IBD specialists to provide optimal care while avoiding new outbreaks for the first 6–12 months after the pe... |
Experimental inoculation of equine coronavirus into Japanese draft horses | Recently, outbreaks associated with equine coronavirus (ECoV) have occurred in Japan and the United States. While ECoV is likely to be pathogenic to horses, it has not been shown that experimental inoculation of horses with ECoV produces clinical signs of disease. In this study, we inoculated three Japanese draft horse... |
FluMob: Enabling Surveillance of Acute Respiratory Infections in Health-care Workers via Mobile Phones | Singapore is a hotspot for emerging infectious diseases and faces a constant risk of pandemic outbreaks as a major travel and health hub for Southeast Asia. With an increasing penetration of smart phone usage in this region, Singapore’s pandemic preparedness framework can be strengthened by applying a mobile-based appr... |
Atypical presentation of human bocavirus: Severe respiratory tract infection complicated with encephalopathy | Human bocavirus (HBOV) has been reported as a worldwide distributed respiratory pathogen. It has also been associated with encephalitis recently by detection of the virus in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients presented with encephalitis. This retrospective study aimed to present clinical features of HBOV infections ... |
Civil society’s response to emerging public health events in China | |
Legacy and social media respectively influence risk perceptions and protective behaviors during emerging health threats: A multi-wave analysis of communications on Zika virus cases | Abstract Objective Both legacy media, such as television and newspapers, and online social media are potentially important but incompletely understood sources of information in the face of emerging public health risks. This research aimed to understand media effects on risk perceptions and behaviors concerning the Zika... |
Hypothetical unfolding of a global conjoint epidemic | |
Importance of Pediatric Inclusion in COVID-19 Therapeutic Trials | Pediatric patients are excluded from most coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) therapeutic trials. We outline a rationale for the inclusion of children in COVID-19 therapeutic trials, which enabled us to include children of all ages in a therapeutic COVID-19 trial at our institution. |
The red half‐moon nail sign: a novel manifestation of coronavirus infection | The novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic condition was declared by the WHO on March 11, 2020. The main clinical symptoms are fever, dry cough and dyspnea, although new symptoms are emerging, such as diarrhea, a... |
The psychological challenges for oncological patients in times of COVID-19 pandemic: telemedicine, a solution? | |
Enterovirus D68 respiratory infection in a children's hospital in Japan in 2015 | BACKGROUND: Outbreaks of enterovirus D68 (EV‐D68) respiratory infections in children were reported globally in 2014. In Japan, there was an EV‐D68 outbreak in the autumn of 2015 (September–October). The aim of this study was to compare EV‐D68‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐positive and EV‐D68‐specific PCR‐neg... |
Impact of respiratory viruses in the neonatal intensive care unit | OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology and clinical impact of respiratory viruses in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective observational study of infants with respiratory viruses detected by multiplex reverse-transcriptase PCR from May 2012 to May 2017. The proportion of sym... |
CFD investigation on the effects of wind and thermal wall-flow on pollutant transmission in a high-rise building | Abstract The solar radiation can heat the building outer surface, and then cause the upward natural convection flows adjacent to the wall. This phenomenon is especially obvious on a windless sunny day. The near wall thermal plume can drive gaseous pollutants released from lower floors to upper floors. Combined with the... |
Toxoplasmosis in Sand cats (Felis margarita) and other animals in the Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife in the United Arab Emirates and Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation, the State of Qatar | Abstract The Sand cat (Felis margarita) is a small-sized felid found in sand and stone deserts ranging from the north of Africa to Asia, with the Arabian Peninsula as its centre of distribution. The Sand cat captive breeding program at the Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife (BCEAW), Sharjah, UAE, has exper... |
Spectrum of COVID‐19 in Children | The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is lower in children compared to adults. Children contribute to 1‐5% of all COVID‐19 cases (1) . A recent study from China reported that 171(12.3%) of 1391 children with suspected disease had confirmed COVID‐19 infection (2) . As of May 15, 2020, there are 33,241 ch... |
Promoting influenza prevention for elderly people in Hong Kong using health action process approach: study protocol | BACKGROUND: People 65 years or older are at greater risk of serious complications from the seasonal influenza compared with young. To promote elderly people’s behavioral compliance toward influenza prevention, the aim of the current project is to develop, implement, and evaluate a theory-based low-administration-cost i... |
On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 | The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic started in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since impacted a large portion of China and raised major global concern. Herein, we investigated the extent of molecular divergence between SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronaviruses. Although we found only 4% variability in genomic nucleoti... |
Viral fitness: definitions, measurement, and current insights | Viral fitness is an active area of research, with recent work involving an expanded number of human, non-human vertebrate, invertebrate, plant, and bacterial viruses. Many publications deal with RNA viruses associated with major disease emergence events, such as HIV-1, influenza virus, and Dengue virus. Study topics in... |
Avian infectious bronchitis virus genomic RNA contains sequence homologies at the intergenic boundaries | Abstract cDNAs derived from the 3'-terminus of IBV Beaudette genomic RNA by oligo(dT)-primed reverse transcription were cloned in PAT153/HB101. 25 clones were characterised and two of these were found to cover 3.3 kb extending from the poly(A) tail. The relationships of the two smallest IBV mRNAs, A and B, to the clone... |
Feline bocavirus-1 associated with outbreaks of hemorrhagic enteritis in household cats: potential first evidence of a pathological role, viral tropism and natural genetic recombination | Feline bocavirus-1 (FBoV-1) was identified in cats from different households with hemorrhagic enteritis during outbreaks of an unusual clinical presentation of feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) in Thailand. Use of polymerase chain reaction revealed the presence of the FBoV-1 DNA in several tissues, suggesting hematogen... |
Pathogenetic mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome | Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an acute respiratory disease with significant morbidity and mortality. While its clinical manifestations have been extensively studied, its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. A limited number of autopsy studies have revealed that the lungs and the immune syste... |
RIEMS: a software pipeline for sensitive and comprehensive taxonomic classification of reads from metagenomics datasets | BACKGROUND: Fuelled by the advent and subsequent development of next generation sequencing technologies, metagenomics became a powerful tool for the analysis of microbial communities both scientifically and diagnostically. The biggest challenge is the extraction of relevant information from the huge sequence datasets g... |
Different computed tomography patterns of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) between survivors and non-survivors | This study aimed to compare the chest computed tomography (CT) findings between survivors and non-survivors with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Between 12 January 2020 and 20 February 2020, the records of 124 consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were retrospectively reviewed and divided into survivor (83/... |
Specific Aptamer-Based Probe for Analyzing Biomarker MCP Entry Into Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Infected Host Cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis | Biomarkers have important roles in various physiological functions and disease pathogenesis. As a nucleocytoplasmic DNA virus, Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) causes high economic losses in the mariculture industry. Aptamer-Q5-complexed major capsid protein (MCP) in the membrane of SGIV-infected cells can be used a... |
Herbal Medicine for the management of COVID-19 during the medical observation period: A review of guidelines | BACKGROUND: Medical observation period is a period of 14 days after any exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred. This review aimed to summarize and analyze the herbs and herbal formulae recommended by available guidelines. METHODS: A total of 14 sources were searched for potential guidelines that provi... |
A phylogenetically distinct Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus detected in a dromedary calf from a closed dairy herd in Dubai with rising seroprevalence with age | Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was detected by monoclonal antibody-based nucleocapsid protein-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RNA detection, and viral culture from the nasal sample of a 1-month-old dromedary calf in Dubai with sudden death. Whole genome phylogeny showed that ... |
Picornavirus etiology of acute infections among hospitalized infants | Abstract Background Enteroviruses (EV) and parechoviruses (PeV) are ubiquitous viruses that cause a range of illness, including acute illness in children aged <1 year. Objectives We describe EV and PeV infections among children from 2 US study sites aged <1 year and hospitalized with acute infections. For EV- and PeV-n... |
MHC class II alleles associated with Th1 rather than Th17 type immunity drive the onset of early arthritis in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis | Polymorphisms in the MHC class II (MHCII) genes are strongly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, supporting the importance of autoreactive T helper (Th) cells for the development of this disease. Here, we used pristane‐induced arthritis (PIA), induced by the non‐antigenic hydrocarbon pristane, to study the impact of ... |
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