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Membrane technology could play a part in finding a cure for HIV | Scientists in Australia have completed initial research on specially designed ceramic membranes that have the potential to remove viruses from water, air and blood. They say, as this brief feature shows, that membrane technology could play an important role in saving the lives of millions of people. |
The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Patient-Centered Model of Systemic Shock and Cancer Care Adherence | |
Practice and technique of using face mask amongst adults in the community: a cross-sectional descriptive study | BACKGROUND: The proper use of face mask comprises the correct practice and wearing technique and is important in preventing the spread of respiratory infections. Previous studies have addressed only the aspect of practice and failed to provide a detailed account of face mask usage amongst community-based populations. T... |
Respiratory syncytial virus–associated illness in adults with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or congestive heart failure | BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is recognized as a serious pathogen in people with chronic cardiopulmonary conditions. Immunoprophylaxis might be considered for adults at high‐risk for frequent and severe RSV infection. Thus, we studied the incidence of RSV‐related medically attended acute respiratory ill... |
COVID-19 in an international European liver transplant recipient cohort | OBJECTIVE: Knowledge on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in liver transplant recipients is lacking, particularly in terms of severity of the disease. The aim of this study was to describe the demographic, baseline clinical characteristics and early outcomes of a European cohort of ... |
Subversion of Cellular Autophagosomal Machinery by RNA Viruses | Infection of human cells with poliovirus induces the proliferation of double-membraned cytoplasmic vesicles whose surfaces are used as the sites of viral RNA replication and whose origin is unknown. Here, we show that several hallmarks of cellular autophagosomes can be identified in poliovirus-induced vesicles, includi... |
Detection Of Viral And Bacterial Pathogens In Acute Respiratory Infections | OBJECTIVES: The role of bacteria in acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) of adults and interactions with viral infections is incompletely understood. This study tested the hypothesis that bacterial co-infection during ARI adds to airway inflammation and illness severity. METHODS: Two groups of 97 specimens each were rando... |
The Gendered Religious Response to State Action on the Coronavirus Pandemic | State action to curtail the spread of the coronavirus has meant advising, and sometimes mandating, houses of worship to close to in-person worship. While mostly cooperative, the religious response has been varied and has exposed a hardened, defiant core. Informed by gendered religious worldviews, religious defiance is ... |
Correlation between Preventive Health Behaviors and Psycho-Social Health Based on the Leisure Activities of South Koreans in the COVID-19 Crisis | COVID-19 has caused unprecedented damage worldwide, and quarantine and lockdown measures have been undertaken globally. This study focused on the differences in preventive behaviors and psycho-social health of South Koreans, as people continue engaging in leisure activities under self-regulation without a lockdown meas... |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related diarrhea | Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infectious disease and diarrhea has been reported in up to 76% of cases. The purpose of the present paper was to carry out a retrospective study of the clinical and demographic data of SARS patients with diarrhea in Princess Margaret Hospital. Methods:... |
Infectious diarrhea: Pathogenesis and risk factors | Abstract Our understanding of the pathogenesis of infectious, especially bacterial, diarrhea has increased dramatically. New etiologic agents, mechanisms, and diseases have become known. For example, Escherichia coli serogroup 0157 is now known to cause acute hemorrhagic colitis. Also, E. coli serogroups that produce S... |
Controlled efficacy trial confirming toltrazuril resistance in a field isolate of ovine Eimeria spp. | BACKGROUND: Coccidiosis due to Eimeria spp. infections in lambs causes increased mortality and substantial production losses, and anticoccidials are important for control of the infection. Anticoccidial resistance has been reported in poultry and swine, and we recently described reduced toltrazuril efficacy in ovine Ei... |
The Risk of Diabetes on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study | BACKGROUND: To determine the role of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we explored the clinical characteristics of patients with DM and compared risk factors such as age, glycemic control, and medications to those without DM. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of 117 confirm... |
Pandemia De La Covid-19 Y Salud Mental: Reflexiones Iniciales Desde La Atención Primaria De Salud Española | Resumen En el trabajo se hace una aproximación a las características psicológicas y psicosociales que está adquiriendo la Pandemia de la Covid-19 en los países de nuestro medio socio-cultural. Se discute la escasez de investigaciones al respecto y la necesaria aceptación de la incertidumbre para enfrentar la situación,... |
Aconitate hydratase of mammals under oxidative stress | Data on the structure, functions, regulation of activity, and expression of cytosolic and mitochondrial aconitate hydratase isoenzymes of mammals are reviewed. The role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron is described. Information on modific... |
Serum Proteomic Fingerprints of Adult Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome | Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a new coronavirus strain, SARS-CoV. Specific proteomic patterns might be present in serum in response to the infection and could be useful for early detection of the disease. Methods: Using surface-enhanced laser desorption... |
The COVID‐19 pandemic: A rapid global response for children with cancer from SIOP, COG, SIOP‐E, SIOP‐PODC, IPSO, PROS, CCI, and St Jude Global | The COVID‐19 pandemic is one of the most serious global challenges to delivering affordable and equitable treatment to children with cancer we have witnessed in the last few decades. This Special Report aims to summarize general principles for continuing multidisciplinary care during the SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) pandemic.... |
Chapter 33 Blood, Blood Components, Plasma, and Plasma Products | Abstract This review of the 2013–2014 publications on important side effects of blood, blood components, plasma, and plasma products covers albumin, blood transfusion (erythrocytes, granulocytes, and platelets), blood substitutes (hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers), plasma products (alpha1-antitrypsin, C1 esterase inhib... |
Oral ulceration and blistering in patients with COVID-19 | Design Case series. Introduction The most common signs and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection include headache, sore throat, hyposmia, hypogeusia, diarrhoea, dyspnoea and pneumonia. Dermatological manifestations have also been reported but few authors have documented oral signs and symptoms. Methods Three cases are repor... |
On the evolutionary epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 | There is no doubt that the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 is mutating and thus has the potential to adapt during the current pandemic. Whether this evolution will lead to changes in the transmission, the duration, or the severity of the disease is not clear. This has led to considerable scientific an... |
A Rush to Judgment? Rapid Reporting and Dissemination of Results and Its Consequences Regarding the Use of Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 | Hydroxychloroquine, an essential treatment for many patients with rheumatologic conditions, has recently garnered widespread attention as a potential treatment for COVID-19 infection. The authors appraise the study generating this interest and highlight the potential consequences of rapid dissemination of overinterpret... |
Audit and feedback to improve laboratory test and transfusion ordering in critical care: a systematic review | BACKGROUND: Laboratory tests and transfusions are sometimes ordered inappropriately, particularly in the critical care setting, which sees frequent use of both. Audit and Feedback (A&F) is a potentially useful intervention for modifying healthcare provider behaviors, but its application to the complex, team-based envir... |
Chapter Fourteen Evaluating enzyme activities and structures of DUBs | Abstract Ubiquitin signaling requires tight control of all aspects of protein ubiquitination, including the timing, locale, extent, and type of modification. Dysregulation of any of these signaling features can lead to severe human disease. One key mode of regulation is through the controlled removal of the ubiquitin s... |
The COVID-19 pandemic: a new challenge for syndromic surveillance | The COVID-19 pandemic is exerting major pressures on society, health and social care services and science. Understanding the progression and current impact of the pandemic is fundamental to planning, management and mitigation of future impact on the population. Surveillance is the core function of any public health sys... |
Using transgenic plants and modified plant viruses for the development of treatments for human diseases | Production of proteins in plants for human health applications has become an attractive strategy attributed by their potentials for low-cost production, increased safety due to the lack of human or animal pathogens, scalability and ability to produce complex proteins. A major milestone for plant-based protein productio... |
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Care in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: The Humanitas, Milan, Experience | The outbreak of the COVID-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV2, is rapidly spreading worldwide. This is the first pandemic caused by a coronavirus in history. More than 150 000 confirmed cases worldwide are reported involving the SARS-CoV2, with more than 5000 COVID-19-related deaths on March 14, 2020. Fever, chills, cou... |
Ultraviolet Light (UV) Inactivation of Porcine Parvovirus in Liquid Plasma and Effect of UV Irradiated Spray Dried Porcine Plasma on Performance of Weaned Pigs | A novel ultraviolet light irradiation (UV-C, 254 nm) process was designed as an additional safety feature for manufacturing of spray dried porcine plasma (SDPP). In Exp. 1, three 10-L batches of bovine plasma were inoculated with 10(5.2±0.12) tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID(50)) of porcine parvovirus (PPV) per ... |
Impact of viral multiplex real-time PCR on management of respiratory tract infection: a retrospective cohort study | BACKGROUND: Significance and clinical utility of multiple virus detection by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) in respiratory tract infection remain unclear. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed how virus detection affected clinical management. During a 27-month period, clinical and lab... |
Conjunctiva is not a preferred gateway of entry for SARS‐CoV‐2 to infect respiratory tract | The conjunctival mucosa is directly exposed to infectious droplets expelled by patients during close contact and fomites when the eye is touched by contaminated hands.(2, 3) More over, the mucosa of the conjunctiva and upper respiratory tract is connected by nasolacrimal duct, and share the same entry receptor of SARS‐... |
Aspartic acid at residue 185 modulates the capacity of HP-PRRSV nsp4 to antagonize IFN-I expression | Abstract In a previous study, we have shown that highly-pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4) antagonizes type I IFN expression induced by poly(I:C). Here, we demonstrated that the mutation of Aspartic acid 185 (Asp185) impaired the ability of nsp4 to inhibit IFN-I production induced by poly(I:C). ... |
Rethinking ‘essential’ and ‘nonessential’: the developmental paediatrician’s COVID-19 response | While terms such as ‘essential’ and ‘nonessential’ used amidst the COVID-19 pandemic may serve a practical purpose, they also pose a risk of obstructing our view of the harmful indirect health consequences of this crisis. SARS-CoV-2 cases and deaths in children are minimal compared to adults, but the pandemic impacts o... |
Implicit Riesz wavelets based-method for solving singular fractional integro-differential equations with applications to hematopoietic stem cell modeling | Riesz wavelets in [Formula: see text] have been proven as a useful tool in the context of both pure and numerical analysis in many applications, due to their well prevailing and recognized theory and its natural properties such as sparsity and stability which lead to a well-conditioned scheme. In this paper, an effecti... |
Pulse Therapy With Corticosteroids and Intravenous Immunoglobulin in the Management of Severe Tocilizumab-Resistant COVID-19: A Report of Three Clinical Cases | We present the cases of three patients with severe, life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who had failed to achieve substantial improvement on intial treatment. They subsequently received pulse therapy with methylprednisolone [1,000 mg/day intravenously (IV) for three consecutive days] and IV immunoglobu... |
Mental health groups providing support, education in wake of COVID‐19 | As news and updates continue to spread regarding the new coronavirus (COVID‐19), the deadly virus that causes respiratory illness and pneumonia, mental health groups and organizations have issued information to consumers, providers and the mental health community at large about ways of addressing the virus and seeking ... |
Predictors of Initial Smear-Negative Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Acute Early Stage Lung Injury by High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Clinical Manifestations: An Auxiliary Model in Critical Patients | This study evaluated the diagnostic use of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), chest X-ray (CXR), and clinical manifestations (CM) to identify initial smear-negative (iSN) active pulmonary tuberculosis (aPTB) [iSN-aPTB] in patients with iSN-pulmonary diseases (PD) and acute lung injury (ALI). In the derivation ... |
Manejo farmacológico de pacientes con enfermedades hepáticas y pancreáticas que involucran terapias inmunosupresoras. Posicionamiento en el marco de la pandemia de SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) | Resumen La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es causada por el virus de Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave - Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID 19 ha afectado cerca de 2 millones de personas en todo el mundo en menos de 4 meses posterior al reporte de los primeros casos en China en diciembre 2019. La relación qu... |
A Highly Immunogenic, Protective, and Safe Adenovirus-Based Vaccine Expressing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus S1-CD40L Fusion Protein in a Transgenic Human Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Mouse Model | BACKGROUND: Infection control measures have played a major role in limiting human/camel-to-human transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV); however, development of effective and safe human or camel vaccines is warranted. METHODS: We extended and optimized our previous recombinant adenoviru... |
A multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection and differentiation of five bovine pinkeye pathogens | Abstract Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK), also known as pinkeye, is one of the most common eye diseases in cattle. Several pathogens have been associated with IBK cases, however, Moraxella bovis, Moraxella bovoculi, Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma bovoculi and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) are most freque... |
Letter: Anosmia in COVID-19: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Through the Nasoliary Epithelium and a Possible Spreading Way to the Central Nervous System—A Purpose to Study | |
Discovery of Diverse Rodent and Bat Pestiviruses With Distinct Genomic and Phylogenetic Characteristics in Several Chinese Provinces | Bats and rodents are widely distributed worldwide and can be native or intermediate reservoirs of many important zoonotic viruses. Pestiviruses are a group of virus species of the genus Pestivirus under the family Flaviviridae that can infect a wide variety of artiodactylous hosts, including swine and ruminants. Two cl... |
Exploitation of viral properties for intracellular delivery | Nanotechnology is an expanding area of study with potentially pivotal applications in a discipline as medicine where new biomedical active molecules or strategies are continuously developing. One of the principal drawbacks for the application of new therapies is the difficulty to cross membranes that represent the main... |
COVID-19 – Does This Disease Kill Due to Imbalance of the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) Caused by Genetic and Gender Differences in the Response to Viral ACE 2 Attacks? | ABSTRACT Debate continues in the medical literature on the role of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology and the implications for the use of cardiovascular drugs acting on the RAS. Could these drugs – which include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and ... |
Celiac and non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a review on the association with schizophrenia and mood disorders | An association between many psychiatric and gluten-related disorders has been known for some time. In the case of schizophrenia and mood disorders, the major psychiatric disorders, there is much evidence, not without contradictions, of a possible association between schizophrenia and celiac disease. The association bet... |
Chirurgie in der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie: Empfehlungen zum operativen Vorgehen | BACKGROUND: In February 2020 Germany was also hit by the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic. Even patients infected by SARS-CoV‑2 or COVID-19 may need operative procedures. Currently, no uniform recommendations exist on precautions to be taken when operating on these patients. Furthermore, they may differ from one hospital to another... |
Individual variation in susceptibility or exposure to SARS-CoV-2 lowers the herd immunity threshold | As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spreads, the susceptible subpopulation is depleted causing the incidence of new cases to decline. Variation in individual susceptibility or exposure to infection exacerbates this effect. Individuals that are more susceptible or more exposed tend to be infe... |
Modal share changes due to COVID-19: The case of Budapest | Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid and significant impact on mobility. One of the most important responses of countries worldwide to slow the spread of the pandemic has been to restrict the movement of people, which has had a considerable effect on transport systems. However, the reduction of transport is n... |
A Critical Juncture in Fiscal Federalism? Canada's Response to COVID-19 | The COVID-19 crisis could trigger a critical juncture for several institutional arrangements in Canada, potentially leading to notable changes in fiscal federalism. This research note combines insights from historical institutionalism with recent economic and fiscal projections to explore avenues for reform in response... |
Chapter 2 Virus Structure and Classification | Abstract Viruses have several common characteristics: they are small, have DNA or RNA genomes, and are obligate intracellular parasites. The virus capsid functions to protect the nucleic acid from the environment, and some viruses surround their capsid with a membrane envelope. Most viruses have icosahedral or helical ... |
Consistency analysis of COVID-19 nucleic acid tests and the changes of lung CT | Abstract Background COVID-19, the latest outbreak of infectious disease, has caused huge medical challenges to China and the entire globe. No unified diagnostic standard has been formulated. The initial diagnosis remains based on the positive of nucleic acid tests. However, early nucleic acid tests were identified to b... |
Older age and comorbidity are independent mortality predictors in a large cohort of 1305 COVID‐19 patients in Michigan, United States | INTRODUCTION: Higher comorbidity and older age have been reported as correlates of poor outcomes in COVID‐19 patients worldwide, however US data is scarce. We evaluated mortality predictors of COVID‐19 in a large cohort of hospitalized patients in the US. DESIGN: Retrospective, multicenter cohort of inpatients diagnose... |
Disaster resilience in tertiary hospitals: a cross-sectional survey in Shandong Province, China | BACKGROUND: Hospital disaster resilience can be defined as a hospital’s ability to resist, absorb, and respond to the shock of disasters while maintaining critical functions, and then to recover to its original state or adapt to a new one. This study aims to explore the status of resilience among tertiary hospitals in ... |
The experience on COVID-19 and cancer from an oncology hub institution in Milan, Lombardy Region | Abstract The rapid outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 related disease (COVID-19) has spread rapidly to a pandemic proportion, increasing the demands on health systems for the containment and management of COVID-19. Cancer has been reported as a major risk factor for adverse outcomes of and death from COVID-19. We extracted dat... |
Povidone-Iodine Demonstrates Rapid In Vitro Virucidal Activity Against SARS-CoV-2, The Virus Causing COVID-19 Disease | INTRODUCTION: As of 22 June 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (CoV)-2 has infected more than 8.95 million people worldwide, causing > 468,000 deaths. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and physical contact from contaminated surfaces to the mucosa. Hand hygiene and oral decont... |
Preparation of an intensive care unit in France for the reception of a confirmed case of Ebola virus infection | Abstract The current Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa is a major challenge for the worldwide medical community. On April 29th 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared 26,277 infected cases; among them, 10,884 have deceased. The epidemic is still ongoing, particularly in Sierra Leone. It is no... |
Initial chest CT findings in COVID-19: correlation with clinical features | 目的: 分析2019 冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 患者首次胸部 CT 影像表现及其与临床表现 (包括发热症状、实验室检查) 的相关性。 创新点: 初步探索 COVID-19 肺部病灶与临床数据的相关性, 对评估 COVID-19 患者提供一定的依据。 方法: 纳入 2020 年 1 月 16 日至 2020 年 2 月 6 日入院的 36 例 COVID-19 患者, 回顾性分析首次胸部 CT 的影像学表现, 包括影像特征、分布模式、累及 范围等, 并进一步分析其与临床特征 (包括发病 时间、发热症状、白细胞计数等) 的相关性。 结论: 结果发现, 在自然病程中, COVID-19 肺部病变与发病时间显著相关, 特别是发热症状... |
After the Megafires: What Next for Australian Wildlife? | The 2019–2020 megafires in Australia brought a tragic loss of human life and the most dramatic loss of habitat for threatened species and devastation of ecological communities in postcolonial history. What must be done now to keep impacted species from extinction? What can be done to avoid a repeat of the impacts of su... |
Complete genome characterisation of a novel coronavirus associated with severe human respiratory disease in Wuhan, China | Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, such as SARS, MERS, Zika and highly pathogenic influenza present a major threat to public health1–3. Despite intense research effort, how, when and where novel diseases appear are still the source of considerable uncertainly. A severe respiratory disease was recently report... |
Emergency department infection control strategies in response to COVID‐19 | |
Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women along with COVID-19 outbreak in China | Abstract Background On January 20, 2020, a new coronavirus epidemic with “human-to-human” transmission was officially announced by the Chinese government, which caused significant public panic in China. Pregnant women may be particularly vulnerable and in special need for preventative mental health strategies. Thus far... |
Numerical study of the transport of droplets or particles generated by respiratory system indoors | Abstract The outbreak of atypical pneumonia, referred to as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), has spread to many countries in the world. SARS may infect human bodies by the tiny droplets or particles carrying various virus and bacteria, which are generated by the respiratory system of infected patients. This pa... |
Fulminant hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to a reactivated EBV infection: A case report | Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive inflammatory syndrome that results from inappropriate activation of the immune system. HLH has a high mortality if not treated. We describe a case of a fulminant HLH, associated with a reactivation of an EBV infection. The patient responded well to steroid treat... |
Gene expression profiling of whole blood in ipilimumab-treated patients for identification of potential biomarkers of immune-related gastrointestinal adverse events | BACKGROUND: Treatment with ipilimumab, a fully human anti-CTLA-4 antibody approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma, is associated with some immune-related adverse events (irAEs) such as colitis (gastrointestinal irAE, or GI irAE) and skin rash, which are managed by treatment guidelines. Nevertheless, predictive ... |
Hydrodiplomacy and adaptive governance at the U.S.-Mexico border: 75 years of tradition and innovation in transboundary water management | The United States and Mexico have engaged in hydrodiplomacy—a practice of transboundary water management that blends water diplomacy and science diplomacy--for more than 75 years, since the adoption of the Treaty of 1944 and the creation of the International Boundary and Water Commission. We examine six major turning p... |
Generation and characterization of bat-induced pluripotent stem cells | Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were first generated from mouse embryonic fibroblasts in the year 2006. These cells resemble the typical morphology of embryonic stem cells, express pluripotency markers, and are able to transmit through germlines. To date, iPSCs of many species have been generated, whereas genera... |
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): relationship between chest CT scores and laboratory parameters | PURPOSE: To quantify the severity of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on chest CT and to determine its relationship with laboratory parameters. METHODS: Patients with real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed COVID-19 between January 01 and February 18, 2020, were included in this stu... |
Could IL-17 represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment and/or management of COVID-19-related respiratory syndrome? This paper is dedicated to Sofia Maione born during COVID-19 outbreak. | [Figure: see text] |
Mobile ECMO team for inter-hospital transportation of patients with ARDS: a retrospective case series | INTRODUCTION: Transport of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is currently available in 5 referral centers in our country. METHODS: Retrospective case series of patients managed by our mobile extracorporeal membrane oxygenation team and transferred to San Gerardo University Hospital from December 2... |
Students’ Perceptions on Dental Education in the Wake of the COVID‐19 Pandemic | |
Receptor-Induced Thiolate Couples Env Activation to Retrovirus Fusion and Infection | According to current models of retrovirus infection, receptor binding to the surface subunit (SU) of the envelope glycoprotein (Env) triggers a conformational change in the transmembrane subunit (TM) that mediates virus fusion to cell membranes. To understand how this occurs, we investigated the role of the receptor Tv... |
An efficient and tunable route to AG7088, a rhinovirus protease inhibitor | Abstract Aldol reaction of N,N-dibenzyl valinal with propiolic acid ethyl ester derived lithium reagent provides anti-aminoalcohol 8 and syn-aminoalcohol 9 , which are converted into the lactone 6 via two different routes. Alkylation of 6 followed by lactone ring opening afford the acid 2a , which is coupled with the a... |
Avian influenza virus, Streptococcus suis serotype 2, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and beyond: molecular epidemiology, ecology and the situation in China | The outbreak and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus and the subsequent identification of its animal origin study have heightened the world's awareness of animal-borne or zoonotic pathogens. In addition to SARS, the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV), H5N1, and the lower pathog... |
Respiratory Viral Infections in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Persons | Abstract The acute respiratory illnesses are the most common type of acute illness in the United States today. The respiratory viruses—which include influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, and adenoviruses—cause the majority of these illnesses. Some of t... |
Effect of Glycyrrhizin on Pseudomonal Skin Infections in Human-Mouse Chimeras | In our previous studies, peripheral blood lineage(−)CD34(+)CD31(+) cells (CD31(+) IMC) appearing in severely burned patients have been characterized as inhibitor cells for the production of β-defensins (HBDs) by human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). In this study, the effect of glycyrrhizin on pseudomonal skin infectio... |
An appraisal of different methods for the detection of the walnut strain of cherry leafroll virus | Abstract Three methods were evaluated for the detection of cherry leafroll virus: ELISA, dot-blot and reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Dot-blot and RT-PCR were carried out in crude plant extracts without any further RNA purification. Dot-blot hybridization using a 32P-labelled DNA probe was a... |
Sequence and topology of a model intracellular membrane protein, E1 glycoprotein, from a coronavirus | In the eukaryotic cell, both secreted and plasma membrane proteins are synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum, then transported, via the Golgi complex, to the cell surface(1–4). Each of the compartments of this transport pathway carries out particular metabolic functions(5–8), and therefore presumably contains a dist... |
Removal of bioaerosols by the combination of a photocatalytic filter and negative air ions | Abstract This study focused on the investigation of the effectiveness of negative air ionization (NAI), photocatalytic oxidation (PCO), and the combination of NAI and PCO on the removal of aerosolized Escherichia coli, Candida famata, and λ vir phage under different relative humidity. The experiments were conducted wit... |
Global health risks and cosmopolitisation: from emergence to interference | According to Beck’s ‘World at Risk’ theory, global risks push nations towards a cosmopolitisation of their health policy and open opportunities for a democratic turn. This article provides an empirical analysis of Beck’s theory, based on the experience of Vietnamese authorities from 2003 to 2007 in managing the emergin... |
Guide for Nuclear Medicine Applications During the COVID-19 Outbreak | A viral pneumonia rapidly spread from Wuhan, China to all countries in late 2019. In February 2020, WHO named as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and declared the pandemic on March 11, 2020. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, Ministry of Health of Republic of Turkey and international institutions have published docu... |
Emerging and re-emerging viruses in Malaysia, 1997–2007 | Summary Over the past decade, a number of unique zoonotic and non-zoonotic viruses have emerged in Malaysia. Several of these viruses have resulted in significant morbidity and mortality to those affected and they have imposed a tremendous public health and economic burden on the state. Amongst the most devastating was... |
Acute respiratory tract infections in elderly patients increase systemic levels of hemostatic proteins | |
Bactericidal and Virucidal Activity of Povidone-Iodine and Chlorhexidine Gluconate Cleansers in an In Vivo Hand Hygiene Clinical Simulation Study | INTRODUCTION: Standard in vitro and in vivo tests help demonstrate efficacy of hand hygiene products; however, there is no standard in vivo test method for viruses. We investigated the bactericidal and virucidal efficacy of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) 7.5% scalp and skin cleanser, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) 4% hand clea... |
“Social Distancing” Amid a Crisis in Social Isolation and Loneliness | |
A high-throughput neutralizing antibody assay for COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccine evaluation | Virus neutralization remains the gold standard for determining antibody efficacy. Therefore, a high-throughput assay to measure SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies is urgently needed for COVID-19 serodiagnosis, convalescent plasma therapy, and vaccine development. Here we report on a fluorescence-based SARS-CoV-2 neutra... |
Resurrection of an “Extinct” SARS-CoV Isolate GD03 from LATE 2003 | |
Variable responses of formyl peptide receptor haplotypes toward bacterial peptides | The chemoattractant neutrophil formyl peptide receptor (FPR) binds bacterial and mitochondrial N-formylated peptides, which allows the neutrophils to find the bacterial source and/or site of tissue damage. Certain inflammatory disorders may be due in part to an impaired innate immune system that does not respond to acu... |
In Regard to "Radiation for Glioblastoma in the Era of COVID-19: Patient Selection and Hypofractionation to Maximize Benefit and Minimize Risk" | |
Single-Round Infectious Particle Antiviral Screening Assays for the Japanese Encephalitis Virus | Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome that contains a big open reading frame (ORF) flanked by 5′- and 3′- untranslated regions (UTRs). Nearly 30,000 JE cases with 10,000 deaths are still annually reported in East Asia. Although the JEV genotype... |
Hepatitis C Virus NS2 Protein Suppresses RNA Interference in Cells | RNAi interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism and has been well recognized as an important antiviral immunity in eukaryotes. Numerous viruses have been shown to encode viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) to antagonize antiviral RNAi. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a medi... |
Drug repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 using E-pharmacophore based virtual screening, molecular docking and molecular dynamics with main protease as the target | Since its first report in December 2019 from China, the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread at an alarming pace infecting about 5.59 million, and claiming the lives of more than 0.35 million individuals across the globe. The lack of a clinically approved vaccine or drug remains the bi... |
Cultivation and partial characterization of bovine astrovirus | Abstract Bovine astrovirus serotype 2 (US2) was adapted to primary neonatal kidney cell (NBK) cultures by the addition of 50 μg ml−1 of trypsin in the medium. Infectious virus was released from the cells within 7 days post-infection in early passages and within 3 days in later passages. In the absence of trypsin, neith... |
Structures and diseases | Structural biology is making significant contributions toward an understanding of molecular constituents and mechanisms underlying human diseases at an atomic resolution, as discussed at the international Murnau Conference on Structural Biology of Disease Mechanisms held in September 2007 in Murnau, Germany. |
Pocket-sized epidemiology Ibrahim Abubakar Helen R Stagg | Unknown |
How Much Support Is There for the Recommendations Made to the General Population during Confinement? A Study during the First Three Days of the COVID–19 Quarantine in Spain | Background: Recommendations on lifestyles during quarantine have been proposed by researchers and institutions since the COVID–19 crisis emerged. However, most of these have never been tested under real quarantine situations or derive from older investigations conducted mostly in China and Canada in the face of infecti... |
Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study | BACKGROUND: While the COVID-19 pandemic will increase mortality due to the virus, it is also likely to increase mortality indirectly. In this study, we estimate the additional maternal and under-5 child deaths resulting from the potential disruption of health systems and decreased access to food. METHODS: We modelled t... |
Mapping Potential Amplification and Transmission Hotspots for MERS-CoV, Kenya | Dromedary camels have been implicated consistently as the source of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) human infections and attention to prevent and control it has focused on camels. To understanding the epidemiological role of camels in the transmission of MERS-CoV, we utilized an iterative empiri... |
Chapter 4 Molecular Modeling of Major Structural Protein Genes of Avian Coronavirus: Infectious Bronchitis Virus Mass H120 and Italy02 Strains | Abstract In Morocco, the epidemiological situation of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is very complex, because of the antigenic diversity associated with the emergence of new serotypes/genotypes and variants. The IBV strains circulating in poultry farms are serotypes/genotypes Italy02 and Massachusetts (Mass) identif... |
10 “C” in COVID19 | World war “C”(1) has set in against an invisible virus. The routes of transmission include *Contact of contaminated objects,*Circulating droplets in the air called aerosols disseminated through *Cough, sneeze, ocular secretions(2) from an infected individual. |
SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Spike-RBD Structure and Receptor Binding Comparison and Potential Implications on Neutralizing Antibody and Vaccine Development | SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV share a common human receptor ACE2. Protein-protein interaction structure modeling indicates that spike-RBD of the two viruses also has similar overall binding conformation and binding free energy to ACE2. In vitro assays using recombinant ACE2 proteins and ACE2 expressing cells confirmed the tw... |
Reshaping ophthalmology training after COVID-19 pandemic | BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on practical activities and didactic teaching of residents and fellows. This survey aimed to propose long-term changes for ophthalmology training based on the changes experienced by trainees and their perception of new training op... |
Differential proteomic analysis of virus-enriched fractions obtained from plasma pools of patients with dengue fever or severe dengue | BACKGROUND: Dengue is the most widespread mosquito-borne viral disease of public health concern. In some patients, endothelial cell and platelet dysfunction lead to life-threatening hemorrhagic dengue fever or dengue shock syndrome. Prognostication of disease severity is urgently required to improve patient management.... |
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