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Un éditorial dans la crise | |
B lines in COVID‐19: “Unspecificity” is not “meaningless” | |
More Than Just a Barrier: The Immune Functions of the Airway Epithelium in Asthma Pathogenesis | Allergic bronchial asthma is a chronic disease of the airways that is characterized by symptoms like respiratory distress, chest tightness, wheezing, productive cough, and acute episodes of broncho-obstruction. This symptom-complex arises on the basis of chronic allergic inflammation of the airway wall. Consequently, t... |
Epidemiology of Viral Infections and Evaluation of the Potential Benefit of OM-85 BV on the Virologie Status of Children Attending Day-Care Centers | Viral investigations were performed during 4 winter seasons (88/89, 89/90, 92/93, 93/94) in children attending day-care centers (DCCs) in the Rhone Département in eastern France. Over the total observation period of 4 winter seasons, 780 children were screened with a nasal swab for the presence of viruses. Of those, 23... |
The role of phospholipase C signaling in bovine herpesvirus 1 infection | Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) infection enhanced the generation of inflammatory mediator reactive oxidative species (ROS) and stimulated MAPK signaling that are highly possibly related to virus induced inflammation. In this study, for the first time we show that BoHV-1 infection manipulated phospholipase C (PLC) signal... |
Antiviral Agents in Development for Zika Virus Infections | In 1947, Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus was identified in Uganda and subsequently spread to Asia and the Pacific regions. In 2015, it was introduced in Brazil causing an important social and sanitary alarm due to its increased virulence and rapid dissemination. Importantly, ZIKV infections have been ass... |
The impact of COVID‐19 in the diagnosis and treatment of obsessive‐compulsive disorder | Obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by unwanted and distressing thoughts, images or urges (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts that aim to decrease the resulting distress or according to rigid rules (compulsions) (APA, 2013). Different studies suggest OCD to affect up to 3.1 % of the ge... |
Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry | Abstract European black elderberry naturally occurs in most of Europe and has been introduced into various parts of the world for fruit and flower production. Elderberry is rich in nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fatty acids, organic acids, minerals, vitamins and essential oils. Elderberry also contai... |
COVID‐19 outbreak represents a new way of mental health service delivery | Increased mental health disorders, prolonged isolation, hospital bed adequacy, lost revenue and staff safety are among the myriad of concerns the field is dealing with in the wake of the COVID‐19 epidemic. And for some staff, protective gear is in order. |
Statement on the prevention and treatment of COVID‐19 in patients with pediatric cancer in Japan | |
In vitro translation of a subgenomic mRNA from purified virions of the Spanish field isolate AST/89 of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) | Abstract Purified preparations of the Spanish field isolate of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus AST/89 were found to contain the plus-stranded genomic RNA of more than 7.4 kilobases (kb) and large amounts of a subgenomic mRNA of 2.4 kb. The smaller RNA was translated in vitro and shown to code for a 60 kDa protein whic... |
What the stock market tells us about the post-COVID-19 world | The stock market provides a view of what investors expect for the future. It is precisely in complex situations such as the COVID-19 outbreak that the prescience of the market is particularly valuable, argues Alexander F. Wagner. |
Molecular Diagnosis of Diarrhea: Current Status and Future Potential | Determining the microbiologic etiology of enteric infection remains an elusive goal. Conventional approaches, including culture, microscopy, and antigen-based tests have significant limitations such as limit of detection and the need for multiple procedures. Molecular diagnostics, especially PCR based tests, are rapidl... |
Changes in Cytokine Levels and NK Cell Activation Associated with Influenza | Several studies have highlighted the important role played by murine natural killer (NK) cells in the control of influenza infection. However, human NK cell responses in acute influenza infection, including infection with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, are poorly documented. Here, we examined changes in NK cel... |
A hard little lesson: Squeezed nanospheres grow superstrong | |
Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication | Coronaviruses are of veterinary and medical importance and include highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. They are known to efficiently evade early innate immune responses, manifesting in almost negligible expression of type-I interferons (IFN-I). This evasion strategy suggests an evolutiona... |
MERS-CoV NSP16 necessary for IFN resistance and viral pathogenesis | Coronaviruses encode a mix of highly conserved and novel genes as well as genetic elements necessary for infection and pathogenesis, raising the possibility for common targets for attenuation and therapeutic design. In this study, we focus on the highly conserved nonstructural protein (NSP) 16, a viral 2’O methyl-trans... |
Fogarty International Center collaborative networks in infectious disease modeling: Lessons learnt in research and capacity building | Abstract Due to a combination of ecological, political, and demographic factors, the emergence of novel pathogens has been increasingly observed in animals and humans in recent decades. Enhancing global capacity to study and interpret infectious disease surveillance data, and to develop data-driven computational models... |
News and Perspectives Is There an Association Between Oral Health and Severity of COVID-19 Complications? | Most patients with severe complications from COVID-19 have underlying conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. In parallel, there is growing evidence for a link between periodontitis and non-oral systemic diseases. The oral cavity is also a reservoir for respiratory pathogens, and patients with periodont... |
Estimating the distance to an epidemic threshold | The epidemic threshold of the susceptible–infected–recovered model is a boundary separating parameters that permit epidemics from those that do not. This threshold corresponds to parameters where the system's equilibrium becomes unstable. Consequently, we use the average rate at which deviations from the equilibrium sh... |
Incidence of respiratory viruses among travelers with a febrile syndrome returning from tropical and subtropical areas | Fifty million people are estimated to travel from industrial countries to the tropics annually. In spite of exhaustive studies and widely different diagnosis among returned patients, some cases of febrile illnesses remain without an etiological diagnosis, suggesting that these cases could be due to viral respiratory tr... |
A step by step guide for conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis with simulation data | BACKGROUND: The massive abundance of studies relating to tropical medicine and health has increased strikingly over the last few decades. In the field of tropical medicine and health, a well-conducted systematic review and meta-analysis (SR/MA) is considered a feasible solution for keeping clinicians abreast of current... |
Developing a Fully Glycosylated Full-Length SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Model in a Viral Membrane | [Image: see text] This technical study describes all-atom modeling and simulation of a fully glycosylated full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein in a viral membrane. First, starting from PDB: 6VSB and 6VXX, full-length S protein structures were modeled using template-based modeling, de-novo protein structure predicti... |
Evolution of Biochip Technology: A Review from Lab-on-a-Chip to Organ-on-a-Chip | Following the advancements in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologies, a novel biomedical application for microfluidic based devices has emerged in recent years and microengineered cell culture platforms have been created. These micro-devices, known as organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms mimic the in vivo like m... |
Influenza virus and cell signaling pathways | Influenza viruses comprise a major class of human respiratory pathogens, responsible for causing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Influenza A virus, due to its segmented RNA genome, is highly subject to mutation, resulting in rapid formation of variants. During influenza infection, viral proteins interact with host p... |
A Local Response to COVID-19 for Advanced Liver Disease: Current Model of Care, Challenges and Opportunities | |
Viral networks and detection of potential zoonotic viruses in bats and rodents: A worldwide analysis | Bats and rodents are recognized to host a great diversity of viruses and several important viral zoonoses, but how this viral diversity is structured and how viruses are connected, shared and distributed among host networks is not well understood. To address this gap in knowledge, we compared the associative capacity o... |
β-Glucan extracts from the same edible shiitake mushroom Lentinus edodes produce differential in-vitro immunomodulatory and pulmonary cytoprotective effects — Implications for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) immunotherapies | Abstract Coronavirus pneumonia is accompanied by rapid virus replication, where a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine storm may lead to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. The uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β a... |
CKD of Unknown Origin in Central America: The Case for a Mesoamerican Nephropathy | An epidemic of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin has emerged in the last decade in Central America and has been named Mesoamerican nephropathy. This form of chronic kidney disease is present primarily in young male agricultural workers from communities along the Pacific coast, especially workers in the sugarcane... |
Membrane Potential Depolarization as a Triggering Mechanism for Vpu-Mediated HIV-1 Release | Vpu, a component unique to HIV-1, greatly enhances the efficiency of viral particle release by unclear mechanisms. This Vpu function is intrinsically linked to its channel-like structure, which enables it to interfere with homologous transmembrane structures in infected cells. Because Vpu interacts destructively with h... |
The effect of collaboration and IT competency on reverse logistics competency - Evidence from Brazilian supply chain executives | Business models have being designed, worldwide, to create sustainability competencies and in particular to incorporate reverse logistics, but Brazilian executives have not yet fully adhered to Law 12,305 on solid waste and reverse logistics. What would be the Brazilian executives' perception about reverse logistics com... |
Differential premature termination of transcription as a proposed mechanism for the regulation of coronavirus gene expression. | We propose that the different subgenomic mRNA levels of coronaviruses are controlled through differential premature termination of transcription, and are modulated by the relative strength of transcriptional initiation/blockage events. We present the complete set of sequences covering the leader encoding and intergenic... |
Zoonotic origin and transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the UAE | Since the emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, there have been a number of clusters of human-to-human transmission. These cases of human-to-human transmission involve close contact and have occurred primarily in healthcare settings, and they are suspected to result from repeated... |
SARS Molecular Detection External Quality Assurance | Inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome–associated coronavirus samples were used for an external quality assurance study within the World Health Organization SARS Reference and Verification Network and other reference institutions. Of 58 participants, 51 correctly detected virus in all samples >9,400 RNA copies p... |
Analysis of synonymous codon usage in Hepatitis A virus | BACKGROUND: Hepatitis A virus is the causative agent of type A viral hepatitis, which causes occasional acute hepatitis. Nevertheless, little information about synonymous codon usage pattern of HAV genome in the process of its evolution is available. In this study, the key genetic determinants of codon usage in HAV wer... |
Diagnosis and Monitoring of Hepatic Injury. II. Recommendations for Use of Laboratory Tests in Screening, Diagnosis, and Monitoring | Purpose: To review information on the use of laboratory tests in screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of acute and chronic hepatic injury. Data Sources and Study Selection: A MEDLINE search was performed for key words related to hepatic diseases, including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrho... |
Effectively Communicating the Uncertainties Surrounding Ebola Virus Transmission | The current Ebola virus outbreak has highlighted the uncertainties surrounding many aspects of Ebola virus virology, including routes of transmission. The scientific community played a leading role during the outbreak—potentially, the largest of its kind—as many of the questions surrounding ebolaviruses have only been ... |
Development and evaluation of multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays for seasonal, pandemic A/H1pdm09 and avian A/H5 influenza viruses detection | Since the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 ((H1N1)pdm09) virus spread all over the world, the (H1N1)pdm09 virus has been circulating with seasonal influenza viruses. We developed rapid and sensitive one-step multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays (rRT-PCR) for simultaneous detection of influenza viruses currently circulatin... |
Serological and molecular rapid diagnostic tests for Toxoplasma infection in humans and animals | Infection by Toxoplasma gondii is prevalent worldwide. The parasite can infect a broad spectrum of vertebrate hosts, but infection of fetuses and immunocompromised patients is of particular concern. Easy-to-perform, robust, and highly sensitive and specific methods to detect Toxoplasma infection are important for the t... |
Funding gap for locust crisis | East Africa is experiencing the worst desert locust outbreak in decades. Climate events have facilitated breeding of the swarming pest across the region, and with a surge in the locust population expected in coming weeks urgent action is needed to avert a humanitarian crisis. |
Manifestations cutanées de la panleucopénie féline chez un chat | Résumé Un chat adulte exprimant une forme nerveuse et entéritique de la panleucopénie féline développe des lésions cutanées purpuriques. L’analyse histopathologique de biopsies cutanées met en évidence des lésions de vascularite non leucocytoclasique à prédominance mononucléée. Les vascularites sont particulièrement ra... |
Emerging priorities for microbial metagenome research | Overwhelming anthropogenic activities lead to deterioration of natural resources and the environment. The microorganisms are considered desirable, due to their suitability for easy genetic manipulation and handling. With the aid of modern biotechnological techniques, the culturable microorganisms have been widely explo... |
Chapter Sixteen Toward Mucosal DNA Delivery: Structural Modularity in Vaccine Platform Design | Abstract Hepatitis E virus is a small, nonenveloped RNA virus that is feco-orally transmitted and causes viral hepatitis in humans. A virus-like particle (VLP) expressed and purified from insect cells shares several properties with the virion but can be manipulated quite extensively through genetic engineering or chemi... |
The establishment of reference sequence for SARS‐CoV‐2 and variation analysis | Starting around December 2019, an epidemic of pneumonia, which was named COVID‐19 by the World Health Organization, broke out in Wuhan, China, and is spreading throughout the world. A new coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) by the Coronavirus Study Group of the International ... |
Significant Changes of Peripheral T Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome | This report demonstrates that a rapid decrease of peripheral T cell subsets is a unique characteristic in patients with SARS during acute infection, although total white blood cell counts, red blood cell counts, and platelet counts remain relatively normal. In recovering patients, a rapid and dramatic restoration of pe... |
Emodin is a novel alkaline nuclease inhibitor that suppresses herpes simplex virus type 1 yields in cell cultures | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most antiviral therapies directed against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are limited to a small group of nucleoside analogues that target the viral polymerase. Extensive clinical use of these drugs has led to the emergence of resistant viral strains, mainly in immunocompromised patients. ... |
Global biosecurity in a complex, dynamic world | Biosecurity is emerging as a major global health priority for which innovative and unprecedented solutions are needed. Biosecurity is a challenging biocomplexity problem involving multifaceted processes such as interactions between humans and nonhuman biota, anthropogenic environmental and ecological factors, and socio... |
Unexpected high mortality in COVID-19 and diabetic ketoacidosis()() | |
Outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in Two Hospitals Initiated by a Single Patient in Daejeon, South Korea | BACKGROUND: A Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea in 2015 started by a single imported case and was amplified by intra- and inter-hospital transmission. We describe two hospital outbreaks of MERS-CoV infection in Daejeon caused by a single patient who was infected by the firs... |
COVID-19 preparedness: Clinical pharmacy services remote staffing in a quaternary, level I trauma and comprehensive stroke center | DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, AJHP is posting these manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manu... |
Response to SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in a Non-COVID-19 Designated Latin-American Neurosurgery Department | BACKGROUND Mexico declared the first case of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in February 2020. At the time we write this article, our country is facing a community spread phase, expecting a rapid increase in the number of cases and fatalities. The Fray Antonio Alcalde Civil Hospital of Guadalajara has been declare... |
Swine enteric colibacillosis: diagnosis, therapy and antimicrobial resistance | Intestinal infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important disease in swine resulting in significant economic losses. Knowledge about the epidemiology, the diagnostic approach and methods of control are of fundamental importance to tackle the disease. The ETEC causing neonatal colibacillosis most... |
Multiple Cis-acting elements modulate programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting in Pea enation mosaic virus | Programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF) is used by many positive-strand RNA viruses for translation of required products. Despite extensive studies, it remains unresolved how cis-elements just downstream of the recoding site promote a precise level of frameshifting. The Umbravirus Pea enation mosaic virus RNA2 e... |
Chapter 24 Molecular Detection of Multiple Respiratory Viruses | Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the molecular detection of multiple respiratory viruses. Respiratory infections are very common. They are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality and are costly in terms of lost time from work, inappropriate use of antibiotics, and lengthy hospital stays. Laboratory ... |
Roel Coutinho—Director of the Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands | Summary In 2005, Roel Coutinho became the first director of the Netherlands' new national coordination centre for infectious diseases. After graduating in medicine in 1972 from Amsterdam University, and a sojourn as a physician in tropical medicine in Senegal and Guinea-Bissau, Coutinho returned to the Netherlands to s... |
A Review of State Guidelines for Elective Orthopaedic Procedures During the COVID-19 Outbreak | BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in widespread cancellation of elective orthopaedic procedures. The guidance coming from multiple sources frequently has been difficult to assimilate as well as dynamic, with constantly changing standards. We seek to communicate the current guidelines published... |
A Systematic Review of Technology-Assisted HIV Testing Interventions | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to describe and assess the literature on mobile health (mHealth) and other technology-based HIV testing interventions published in the 5-year period from 2015 to 2020. RECENT FINDINGS: We identified 18 published technology-based studies, 6 of which were efficacy trials a... |
Intestinal integrity, endotoxin transport and detoxification in pigs divergently selected for residual feed intake | Microbes and microbial components potentially impact the performance of pigs through immune stimulation and altered metabolism. These immune modulating factors can include endotoxin from gram negative bacterial outer membrane component, commonly referred to as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, our objective was ... |
US Public Concerns About the COVID-19 Pandemic From Results of a Survey Given via Social Media | This survey study assessed public concerns about symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 and individual actions in response to the pandemic. |
The potential of cannabidiol in the COVID‐19 pandemic: a hypothesis letter | Identifying candidate drugs effective in the new coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) is crucial, pending a vaccine against SARS‐CoV2. We suggest the hypothesis that Cannabidiol (CBD), a non‐psychotropic phytocannabinoid, has the potential to limit the severity and progression of the disease for several reasons: 1) High... |
Selective gene silencing by viral delivery of short hairpin RNA | RNA interference (RNAi) technology has not only become a powerful tool for functional genomics, but also allows rapid drug target discovery and in vitro validation of these targets in cell culture. Furthermore, RNAi represents a promising novel therapeutic option for treating human diseases, in particular cancer. Selec... |
An evaluation of COVID-19 in Italy: A data-driven modeling analysis | The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that has been spreading worldwide since December 2019 has sickened millions of people, shut down major cities and some countries, prompted unprecedented global travel restrictions. Real data-driven modeling is an effort to help evaluate and curb the spread of the novel virus. Lockdowns ... |
Reorganization Tips from a Sarcoma Unit at Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Early Experience from a Regional Referral Oncologic Center. | Since the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a global health emergency, Italy's lockdown was declared on 9 March 2020. Elective orthopedic surgery was forced to stop to allow the healthcare system to face the emergency. However, many orthopedic oncology cases could not be postponed. The a... |
Antibody Engineering & Therapeutics 2016: The Antibody Society's annual meeting, December 11–15, 2016, San Diego, CA | Antibody Engineering & Therapeutics, the largest meeting devoted to antibody science and technology and the annual meeting of The Antibody Society, will be held in San Diego, CA on December 11-15, 2016. Each of 14 sessions will include six presentations by leading industry and academic experts. In this meeting preview,... |
From protein-protein interactions to protein co-expression networks: a new perspective to evaluate large-scale proteomic data | The reductionist approach of dissecting biological systems into their constituents has been successful in the first stage of the molecular biology to elucidate the chemical basis of several biological processes. This knowledge helped biologists to understand the complexity of the biological systems evidencing that most... |
Serological evidence of ebolavirus infection in bats, China | BACKGROUND: The genus Ebolavirus of the family Filoviridae currently consists of five species. All species, with the exception of Reston ebolavirus, have been found in Africa and caused severe human diseases. Bats have been implicated as reservoirs for ebolavirus. Reston ebolavirus, discovered in the Philippines, is th... |
Identification of Adenovirus, Influenza Virus, Parainfluenza Virus, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus by Two Kinds of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and a Shell Vial Culture in Pediatric Patients with Viral Pneumonia | PURPOSE: Early identification of causative agents in lower respiratory infection of pediatric patients can reduce morbidity and prevent an overuse of antimicrobials. Two kinds of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a commercial shell vial viral culture were performed to identify causative agents in pediatric ... |
Insouciance and inexperience: A deadly combination when dealing with COVID‐19 | This article gives key reasons for the UK's tardy and confused attempts to react to the COVID‐19 pandemic. It explains very poor outcomes in the UK (in terms of the spread of the virus and high mortality, already striking at the time of writing), in terms of an initial lack of political will to prioritise public health... |
Long‐Term Care Facilities and the COVID‐19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned in Madrid | |
Combination attenuation offers strategy for live-attenuated coronavirus vaccines | With an ongoing threat posed by circulating zoonotic strains, new strategies are required to prepare for the next emergent coronavirus (CoV). Previously, groups had targeted conserved coronavirus proteins as a strategy to generate live-attenuated vaccine strains against current and future CoVs. With this in mind, we ex... |
Metal Shadowing for Electron Microscopy | Metal shadowing of bacteria, viruses, isolated molecules, and macromolecular assemblies is another high-resolution method for observing the ultrastructure of biological specimens. The actual procedure for producing a metal shadow is relatively simple; a heavy metal is evaporated from a source at an oblique angle to the... |
Determination of the optimal penetration factor for evaluating the invasion process of aerosols from a confined source space to an uncontaminated area | Abstract Due to the outbreak and spread of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 has been proven to survive in aerosols for hours. Virus-containing aerosols may intrude into an uncontaminated area from a confined source space under certain ventilated conditions. The penetration factor, which is the most direct parameter for evaluating ... |
Efficient production of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using the baculovirus-silkworm system | In the case of a new viral disease outbreak, an immediate development of virus detection kits and vaccines is required. For COVID-19, we established a rapid production procedure for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein) by using the baculovirus-silkworm expression system. The baculovirus vector-derived S proteins were s... |
Asma infantil e infección vírica: interacciones y posibilidades terapéuticas | Resumen Las infecciones por rinovirus son las causas principales de sibilancias tanto en la niñez como en la vida adulta. Estudios realizados con infecciones experimentales hablan que al menos en ciertas condiciones esta infección puede extenderse al tracto respiratorio inferior, al mismo tiempo que el virus puede actu... |
Receptor Binding Domain Based HIV Vaccines | This paper analyzes the main trend of the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) vaccines in recent years. Designing an HIV-1 vaccine that provides robust protection from HIV-1 infection remains a challenge despite many years of effort. Therefore, we describe the receptor binding domain of gp120 as a ... |
Action Mechanisms of Lithium Chloride on Cell Infection by Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus | Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a porcine coronavirus. Lithium chloride (LiCl) has been found to be effective against several DNA viruses, such as Herpes simplex virus and vaccinia virus. Recently, we and others have reported the inhibitory effect of LiCl on avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus (IBV) i... |
Recent advances in the rapid diagnosis of respiratory tract infection: Childhood respiratory infections | Molecular techniques have enabled major advances in the speed and sensitivity of the laboratory diagnosis of respiratory infections. Although the polymerase chain reaction is the most commonly used, there are several other methods available, which have applicability across the range of microbial pathogens. |
Countermeasures to COVID-19: Are immunomodulators rational treatment options — a critical review of the evidence | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines which leads to lung damage, respiratory failure, and resultant increased mortality. Immunomodulatory therapy has the potential to inhibit cytokines and quell the immune dysregulation. Cont... |
Vaccination and malaria prophylaxis among Greek international travelers to Asian destinations | Summary Background International travel is rapidly increasing worldwide, and the greatest increases have occurred in tropical and subtropical areas. The aim of the survey was to investigate the pre-travel health-seeking practices of travelers to Asian destinations. Methods A questionnaire-based survey was conducted at ... |
Development of Label-Free Colorimetric Assay for MERS-CoV Using Gold Nanoparticles | [Image: see text] Worldwide outbreaks of infectious diseases necessitate the development of rapid and accurate diagnostic methods. Colorimetric assays are a representative tool to simply identify the target molecules in specimens through color changes of an indicator (e.g., nanosized metallic particle, and dye molecule... |
The essential role of law in achieving the health-related Sustainable Development Goals | In this article, we examine the essential role of law in achieving the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Following the World Health Organization’s broad definition of health, all SDGs can be seen to impact on human health and hence the health goal (SDG3) should be right at the centre of the entire 20... |
Application of a quantitative entry assessment model to compare the relative risk of incursion of zoonotic bat-borne viruses into European Union Member States | Abstract This paper presents a quantitative assessment model for the risk of entry of zoonotic bat-borne viruses into the European Union (EU). The model considers four routes of introduction: human travel, legal trade of products, live animal imports and illegal import of bushmeat and was applied to five virus outbreak... |
Distance, Diffusion, and the Role of Social Media in a Time of COVID Contagion | |
Clearance of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine by the Seraph® 100 Microbind® Affinity blood filter ‐ approved for the treatment of COVID‐19 patients | On April 17(th) 2020 the US Food and Drug Administration granted Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) emergency use authorizations for the Seraph® 100 Microbind® Affinity Blood Filter. The medical device is aimed to treat critically ill COVID‐19 patients with confirmed or imminent respiratory failure. The aim of this li... |
Difference in Bgp-independent fusion activity among mouse hepatitis viruses | Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) utilizes a mouse biliary glycoprotein (Bgp) as a receptor. Co-cultivation of MHV-nonpermissive hamster BHK cells devoid of mouse Bgp with mouse DBT cells infected with MHV-A59 or JHMV induces syncytia formation on BHK cells (Bgp-independent fusion). This study shows the difference in Bgp-ind... |
Isolation Precautions in the Inpatient Setting | This article provides an overview of the use of standard and isolation precautions in the hospital setting, including droplet, airborne, and contact precautions. The article includes the indications for use, guidance for appropriate discontinuation of precautions, and the effect of precaution use on infection control m... |
Chapter 4 Ebola Virus Disease Epidemic in Light of Other Epidemics | Abstract The first part of this chapter discusses the common features of various epidemics and prevailing concepts related to spread and remission of epidemics. The current Ebola virus disease epidemic is compared with epidemics that occurred over the past centuries. The second part discusses the role of community-wide... |
The effects of modified sialic acids on mucus and erythrocytes on influenza A virus HA and NA functions | Sialic acids (Sia) are the primary receptors for influenza viruses, and are widely displayed on cell surfaces and in secreted mucus. Sia may be present in variant forms that include O-acetyl modifications at C4, C7, C8, and C9 positions, and N-acetyl or N-glycolyl at C5. They can also vary in their linkages, including ... |
Acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection() | We present the case of a 20-year-old male patient without previous history of cardiovascular disease who was admitted to our hospital with a new onset febrile sensation and chest pain. Chest computed tomography revealed a subpleural consolidation with a halo of ground-glass opacification. Blood tests revealed elevated ... |
Return to sports after COVID-19: a position paper from the Dutch Sports Cardiology Section of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology | The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to preventive measures worldwide. With the decline of infection rates, less stringent restrictions for sports and exercise are being implemented. COVID-19 is associated with significant cardiovascular complications; however there are limited data on cardiovascula... |
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in a Patient with COVID-19 | |
The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Virus-Induced Cytokine Storm and Its Potential Use in the Associated Severe Pneumonia | Coronavirus infection, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2, causes daunting diseases that can be fatal because of lung failure and systemic cytokine storm. The development of coronavirus-evoked pneumonia is associated with excessive inflammatory responses in the lung, known as “cytokine storms,” which results i... |
Newly discovered respiratory viruses: significance and implications | With the recent advances in molecular biology and the ability to amplify viral genomes in a non-sequence-dependent manner, several previously unidentified human respiratory viruses have been discovered. There are accumulating data that some of these new pathogens are responsible for a substantial proportion of respirat... |
Severe COVID-19 during Pregnancy and Possible Vertical Transmission | There are few cases of pregnant women with novel corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) in the literature, most of them with a mild illness course. There is limited evidence about in utero infection and early positive neonatal testing. A 41-year-old G3P2 with a history of previous cesarean deliveries and diabetes mellitus presen... |
Colorimetric detection of controlled assembly and disassembly of aptamers on unmodified gold nanoparticles | Abstract Aptamers are nucleic acid ligands that are generated artificially by in vitro selection and behave similar to antibodies. The development of aptamer-based sensing systems or strategies has been in vogue for the past few decades, because aptamers are smaller in size, stable, cheaper and undergo easier modificat... |
Is PEGylated G-CSF superior to G-CSF in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy? A systematic review and meta-analysis | BACKGROUND: PEGylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a safe alternative to G-CSF to improve chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN). This superiority has resulted in its increased use by physicians; however, the superiority of PEGylated G-CSF for CIN in breast cancer has not been conclusively determine... |
Clinical and biological insights from viral genome sequencing | Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of pathogens is becoming increasingly important not only for basic research but also for clinical science and practice. In virology, WGS is important for the development of novel treatments and vaccines, and for increasing the power of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genomics. In t... |
COVID‐19 Relief Laws Benefit Nonprofit Organizations | Legislation creating a $2.2 trillion economic stabilization package to combat the COVID‐19 pandemic became law on March 27, when President Trump signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (Pub. L. No. 116‐136). This was the third, and most massive, COVID‐19 emergency relief act passed by Cong... |
Intracellular localization of the SARS coronavirus protein 9b: Evidence of active export from the nucleus | Abstract Open reading frame 9b (ORF 9b) encodes a 98 amino acid group-specific protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV). It has no homology with known proteins and its function in SARS CoV replication has not been determined. The N-terminal part of the 9b protein was used to raise polyclona... |
SARS‐CoV‐2 Presence in seminal fluid: myth or reality | Great concerns have been raised on SARS‐CoV‐2 impact on men’s andrological well‐being and one of the critically unanswered questions is whether it is present or not in the seminal fluid of infected subjects. The expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the testis and in the male genital tract allows speculations about a possi... |
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