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A relative Lempel–Ziv complexity: Application to comparing biological sequences | Abstract One of the main tasks in biological sequence analysis is biological sequence comparison. Numerous efficient methods have been developed for sequence comparison. Traditional sequence comparison is based on sequence alignment. In this report, we propose a novel alignment-free method based on the relative Lempel–... |
Bayesian Evaluation of Temporal Signal in Measurably Evolving Populations | Phylogenetic methods can use the sampling times of molecular sequence data to calibrate the molecular clock, enabling the estimation of evolutionary rates and timescales for rapidly evolving pathogens and data sets containing ancient DNA samples. A key aspect of such calibrations is whether a sufficient amount of molec... |
Smell and taste symptom‐based predictive model for COVID‐19 diagnosis | BACKGROUND: The presentation of COVID‐19 overlaps with common influenza symptoms. There is limited data on whether a specific symptom or collection of symptoms may be useful to predict test positivity. METHODS: An anonymous electronic survey was publicized through social media to query participants with COVID‐19 testin... |
Cholesterol‐conjugated peptide antivirals: a path to a rapid response to emerging viral diseases | While it is now possible to identify and genetically fingerprint the causative agents of emerging viral diseases, often with extraordinary speed, suitable therapies cannot be developed with equivalent speed, because drug discovery requires information that goes beyond knowledge of the viral genome. Peptides, however, m... |
COVID-19 vaccine development: Time to consider SARS-CoV-2 challenge studies? | Abstract While a human challenge study holds the prospect of accelerating the development of a vaccine for the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, it may be opposed due to risks of harm to participants and researchers. Given the increasing number of human deaths and severe disruption to lives worldwide, we argue that a SARS-CoV-2 ... |
Hospitalization and Mortality among Black Patients and White Patients with Covid-19 | BACKGROUND: Many reports on coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) have highlighted age- and sex-related differences in health outcomes. More information is needed about racial and ethnic differences in outcomes from Covid-19. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from patients seen within an integ... |
Pathways to zoonotic spillover | Zoonotic spillover, which is the transmission of a pathogen from a vertebrate animal to a human, presents a global public health burden but is a poorly understood phenomenon. Zoonotic spillover requires several factors to align, including the ecological, epidemiological and behavioural determinants of pathogen exposure... |
Targeting the NO‐cGMP‐PDE5 pathway in COVID‐19 infection | A pandemic outbreak of COVID‐19 has been sweeping the world since December. It begins as a respiratory infection that, mainly in men with diabetes or renal impairment, evolves into a systemic disease, with SARDS, progressive endothelial cell damage, abnormal clotting and impaired cardiovascular and liver function. Some... |
Immune-related pneumonitis with nivolumab and ipilimumab during the COVID-19 pandemic | |
Glucose and Galactose Absorption after Ingestion of Milk Containing Hydrolysed Lactose in Calves with Diarrhoea | Ten calves which had contracted acute diarrhoea caused by rotavirus, coronavirus and Cryptosporidium were used to test the hypothesis that feeding lactose‐hydrolysed cow's milk instead of unprocessed cow's milk improves sugar absorption in diarrhoeic calves. The animals were rehydrated with an orally administered solut... |
Molecular advances in the cell biology of SARS-CoV and current disease prevention strategies | In the aftermath of the SARS epidemic, there has been significant progress in understanding the molecular and cell biology of SARS-CoV. Some of the milestones are the availability of viral genome sequence, identification of the viral receptor, development of an infectious cDNA clone, and the identification of viral ant... |
Medication for COVID-19—an Overview of Approaches Currently Under Study | BACKGROUND: With the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is becoming increasingly urgent to develop a vaccine to prevent COVID-19, as well as effective drugs to treat it. METHODS: This article is based on a selective literature search in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov, followed by an assessment of the ongoing c... |
DUSP1 regulates apoptosis and cell migration, but not the JIP1-protected cytokine response, during Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Sendai Virus infection | The host antiviral response involves the induction of interferons and proinflammatory cytokines, but also the activation of cell death pathways, including apoptosis, to limit viral replication and spreading. This host defense is strictly regulated to eliminate the infection while limiting tissue damage that is associat... |
Démarche diagnostique devant une lymphopénie : quand penser à la lymphopénie CD4(+) idiopathique ? | Lymphocytopenia is defined by a lymphocyte count less than 1500/mm(3) in adults and less than 4500/mm(3) in children before the age of 8 months. Lymphocytopenia can be global or selectively affect a peculiar lymphocyte subpopulation. The patient's age, the context as well as the associated clinical manifestations and t... |
DPP4, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor, is Upregulated in Lungs of Smokers and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients | BACKGROUND: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes pneumonia with a relatively high case fatality rate in humans. Smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have been reported to be more susceptible to MERS-CoV infection. Here, we determined the expression of MERS-CoV rece... |
COVID‐19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in three teenagers with confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is generally a relatively mild illness in children. An emerging disease entity coined as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 (PIMS‐TS) has been reported recently, but is very rare and only affects a very small minority of children. Here w... |
How We Do It: Modified Residency Programming and Adoption of Remote Didactic Curriculum During the COVID-19 Pandemic | ABSTRACT Objective To describe the modified operational plan we implemented for residents and faculty in our orthopaedic surgery department to allow continuation of resident education and other core activities during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Design Description of educational augmentation and programmi... |
Genome Wide Identification of SARS-CoV Susceptibility Loci Using the Collaborative Cross | New systems genetics approaches are needed to rapidly identify host genes and genetic networks that regulate complex disease outcomes. Using genetically diverse animals from incipient lines of the Collaborative Cross mouse panel, we demonstrate a greatly expanded range of phenotypes relative to classical mouse models o... |
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a comprehensive review | The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus was first identified in 2012 and has since then remained uncontrolled. Cases have been mostly reported in the Middle East, however travel-associated cases and outbreaks have also occurred. Nosocomial and zoonotic transmission of the virus appear to be the most important ... |
LA ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA Y COMUNITARIA (APyC) Y LA ESTRATEGIA DE ABORDAJE DE LA PANDEMIA COVID19 | |
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guidelines, Adaptations and Lessons During the COVID-19 Pandemic | Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented strain on the American healthcare system. Personal protective equipment (PPE) remains critical in keeping healthcare providers healthy and safe. The sudden increase in demand as well as the limited availability places increased risk on providers which may inhibit ... |
Editorial 58(1) | |
A geographic analysis of population density thresholds in the influenza pandemic of 1918–19 | BACKGROUND: Geographic variables play an important role in the study of epidemics. The role of one such variable, population density, in the spread of influenza is controversial. Prior studies have tested for such a role using arbitrary thresholds for population density above or below which places are hypothesized to h... |
Does Rapid and Sustained Economic Growth Lead to Convergence in Health Resources: The Case of China From 1980 to 2010 | China’s rapid and sustained economic growth offers an opportunity to ask whether the advantages of growth diffuse throughout an economy, or remain localized in areas where the growth has been the greatest. A critical policy area in China has been the health system, and health inequality has become an issue that has led... |
A role for human leucocyte antigens in the susceptibility to SARS‐Cov‐2 infection observed in transplant patients | We analysed data from 80 patients who tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA who had previously been HLA typed to support transplantation. Data were combined from two adjacent centres in Manchester and Leeds to achieve a sufficient number for early analysis. HLA frequencies observed were compared against two control popula... |
Human Norovirus Infection in Dogs, Thailand | In July 2018, recombinant norovirus GII.Pe-GII.4 Sydney was detected in dogs who had diarrhea in a kennel and in children living on the same premises in Thailand. Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 4 noroviruses from Thailand showed that the canine norovirus was closely related to human norovirus GII.... |
Prevalence and Clinical Presentation of Health Care Workers With Symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in 2 Dutch Hospitals During an Early Phase of the Pandemic | IMPORTANCE: On February 27, 2020, the first patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in the Netherlands. During the following weeks, at 2 Dutch teaching hospitals, 9 health care workers (HCWs) received a diagnosis of COVID-19, 8 of whom had no history of travel to China or northern Italy, raising t... |
COVID-19: to be or not to be; that is the diagnostic question | Since the first cases in December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread across the globe, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. Early clinical experiences have demonstrated the wide spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 presentations, including various reports of atypical presentation... |
Bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in Dhaka city | The study aimed to examine for the first time the spectra of viral and bacterial pathogens along with the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria in under-5 children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in hospital settings of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Nasal swabs were collected from 200 under-five children hos... |
Atrial Arrhythmias in COVID-19 Patients | |
The C-terminal domain of the MERS coronavirus M protein contains a trans-Golgi network localization signal | Coronavirus M proteins represent the major protein component of the viral envelope. They play an essential role during viral assembly by interacting with all of the other structural proteins. Coronaviruses bud into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC), but the mechanisms by which M prot... |
Vaccination in Hajj: An Overview of the Recent Findings | BACKGROUND: About two million people annually travel to Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to perform Hajj. The pilgrims may be at risk of exposure to communicable diseases in this mass gathering and their vaccination against contagious diseases can prevent many morbidities and mortalities. The aim of our study was to review the ... |
Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection | BACKGROUND: Infection with COVID-19 is currently rare in children. OBJECTIVE: To describe chest CT findings in children with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied children at a large tertiary-care hospital in China, during the period from 28 January 2019 to 8 February 2020, who had positive reverse transcriptase ... |
Neuropathy target esterase (NTE/PNPLA6) and organophosphorus compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN)() | Systemic inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE) with certain organophosphorus (OP) compounds produces OP compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN), a distal degeneration of axons in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), thereby providing a powerful model for studying a spect... |
Symptoms of Infection Caused by SARS Coronavirus in Laboratory Mice and Guinea Pigs | |
CIRUGÍA LAPAROSCÓPICA EN TIEMPOS DE COVID-19 | Resumen La convivencia con la infección por el COVID -19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) en todos los entornos hospitalarios y de salud supone un reto actual de adaptación, creación de circuitos, protocolos y nuevos modelos de asistencia. Son todavía bastantes las incógnitas a resolver sobre esta infección en la actualidad,... |
Acceptability of A/H1N1 vaccination during pandemic phase of influenza A/H1N1 in Hong Kong: population based cross sectional survey | Objective To investigate the intention of the Hong Kong general population to take up vaccination against influenza A/H1N1. Setting Cross sectional population based anonymous survey. Participants Random sample of 301 adults interviewed by telephone (response rate 80%). Main outcome measure Intention to take up vaccinat... |
Evidence for Paralichthys olivaceus IFITM1 antiviral effect by impeding viral entry into target cells | Abstract Interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) protein family is novel viral restriction factors with representative transmembrane structure. These proteins also exist in fish, however, their roles in the innate immune response remain unknown. Here, we report a characterization of teleost IFITM1 from flounder Para... |
Corticosteroids for pain relief in sore throat: systematic review and meta-analysis | Objective To evaluate whether systemic corticosteroids improve symptoms of sore throat in adults and children. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Cochrane Central, Medline, Embase, Database of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE), NHS Health Economics Database, and bibliographies. Outcome measures Perc... |
Kinetic Analysis of Bacteriophage Sf6 Binding to Outer Membrane Protein A Using Whole Virions | For successful infection, viruses must recognize their respective host cells. A common mechanism of host recognition by viruses is to utilize a portion of the host cell as a receptor. Bacteriophage Sf6, which infects Shigella flexneri, uses lipopolysaccharide as a primary receptor and then requires interaction with a s... |
Rethinking the respiratory paradigm of COVID-19: a ‘hole’ in the argument | |
Posttranscriptional modification of messenger RNAs in eukaryotes | Transcriptome-wide mapping of posttranscriptional modifications in eukaryotic RNA revealed tens of thousands of modification sites. Modified nucleotides include 6-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytidine, pseudouridine, inosine, etc. Many modification sites are conserved, and many are regulated. The function is known for a mi... |
Implications of the One Health Paradigm for Clinical Microbiology | Clinical microbiologists have a new and unique opportunity to increase our value to health care by broadening how we think about disease processes and asking ourselves what we can do to help resolve a disease, assist in tracking a cause, or even predict an outbreak before it occurs. Human health, animal health (both wi... |
Development of An Android Application for Viewing Covid-19 Containment Zones and Monitoring Violators Who are Trespassing into It Using Firebase and Geofencing | The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, Covid-19 as pandemic across the world. With its alarming surge of affected cases throughout the world, lockdown, and awareness (social distancing, use of masks etc.) among people are found to be the only means for restricting the communit... |
An Open Receptor-Binding Cavity of Hemagglutinin-Esterase-Fusion Glycoprotein from Newly-Identified Influenza D Virus: Basis for Its Broad Cell Tropism | Influenza viruses cause seasonal flu each year and pandemics or epidemic sporadically, posing a major threat to public health. Recently, a new influenza D virus (IDV) was isolated from pigs and cattle. Here, we reveal that the IDV utilizes 9-O-acetylated sialic acids as its receptor for virus entry. Then, we determined... |
Schutz vor SARS-CoV-2: Wie viel Maske sollte es sein?: COVID-19-Pandemie | Gesunde junge Leute mit FFP-Masken im Supermarkt, reaktivierte Nähmaschinen im Dienst der Pandemiebekämpfung, dubiose Händler, die Masken meistbietend verhökern: Das Thema Masken bewegt die Gemüter. Die Unsicherheit ist groß. Wen harte Evidenz interessiert, der bleibt am Ende etwas ratlos zurück. Trotzdem gibt es gut b... |
Tracking the Volume of Neurosurgical Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic | Abstract Objective This study quantifies the impact of COVID-19 on the volume of adult and pediatric neurosurgical procedures, inpatient consults, and clinic visits at an academic medical center. Methods Neurosurgical procedures, inpatient consults, and outpatient appointments at Vanderbilt University Medical Center we... |
The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Alongside investigations into the virology of SARS-CoV-2, understanding the fundamental physiological and immunological processes underlying the clinical manifestations of COV... |
A 4 year prospective study to determine risk factors for severe community acquired pneumonia in children in southern China | BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the major cause of death under 5 years. With high CAP numbers in China and growing access to PICUs, factors associated with severe CAP need to be determined to optimize care. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively determine PICU CAP admission features and outcomes. METHODS: A 4 year prospective study of C... |
Experimental verification of tracking algorithm for dynamically-releasing single indoor contaminant | Identifying contaminant sources in a precise and rapid manner is critical to indoor air quality (IAQ) management as disclosed source information can facilitate proper and effective IAQ controls in environments with airborne infection, fire smoke and chemical pollutant release etc. Probability-based inverse modeling met... |
The global scientific research response to the public health emergency of Zika virus infection | BACKGROUND: Science studies have been a field of research for different knowledge areas, and they have been successfully used to analyse the construction of scientific knowledge, practice and dissemination. In this study, we aimed to verify how the Zika epidemic has moulded the scientific articles published worldwide b... |
The 3D8 single chain variable fragment protein suppress infectious bronchitis virus transmission in the transgenic chickens | Abstract Infectious bronchitis (IB) generated by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes economic difficulties for livestock farmers. The 3D8 single chain variable fragment (scFv) protein is a recombinant antibody with nuclease activity that shows antiviral effects against various DNA and RNA viruses in mice and c... |
Microwave assisted nanofibrous air filtration for disinfection of bioaerosols | Abstract Airborne biological agents, albeit intentionally released or naturally occurring, pose one of the biggest threats to public health and security. In this study, a microwave assisted nanofibrous air filtration system was developed to disinfect air containing airborne pathogens. Aerosolized E. coli vegetative cel... |
A Novel Strategy for the Preparation of Codon-Optimized Truncated Ulp1 and its Simplified Application to Cleavage the SUMO Fusion Protein | Ubiquitin-like protease 1 (Ulp1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae emerges as a fundamental tool to obtain the natural N-terminal target protein by cleavage of the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) fusion protein. However, the costly commercial Ulp1 and its complicated procedures limit its application in the preparatio... |
The Father-Daughter Dinner Dance: A Waltz With Ethics and COVID-19 | |
Estimating the Early Outbreak Cumulative Incidence of COVID-19 in the United States: Three Complementary Approaches | Effectively designing and evaluating public health responses to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic requires accurate estimation of the weekly incidence of COVID-19. Unfortunately, a lack of systematic testing across the United States (US) due to equipment shortages and varying testing strategies has hindered the usefulness ... |
Sample preparation: the weak link in microfluidics-based biodetection | As a broad generalization, clinicians and laboratory personnel who use microfluidics-based automated or semi-automated instrumentation to perform biomedical assays on real-world samples are more pleased with the state of the assays than they are with the state of the front-end sample preparation. The end-to-end procedu... |
Assessment of the viral safety of antivenoms fractionated from equine plasma | Abstract Antivenoms are preparations of intact or fragmented (F(ab′)2 or Fab) immunoglobulin G (IgG) used in human medicine to treat the severe envenomings resulting from the bites and stings of various animals, such as snakes, spiders, scorpions, or marine animals, or from the contact with poisonous plants. They are o... |
Impact of health challenges on pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and net returns under commercial conditions | Understanding how disease affects commercial production is imperative for pig producers to quantify its full impact on pig performance, carcass quality, and net returns. The objective of this experiment was to assess the productivity and economic importance of naturally occurring health challenges (HC) under commercial... |
Diagnostics of rare disorders: whole-exome sequencing deciphering locus heterogeneity in telomere biology disorders | BACKGROUND: The telomere biology disorders (TBDs) include a range of multisystem diseases characterized by mucocutaneous symptoms and bone marrow failure. In dyskeratosis congenita (DKC), the clinical features of TBDs stem from the depletion of crucial stem cell populations in highly proliferative tissues, resulting fr... |
Recomendaciones prácticas en la paciente obstétrica con infección por COVID-19 | Resumen La infección por COVID 19 afecta también a las pacientes obstétricas. La atención obstétrica habitual ha continuado a pesar de la pandemia. Existen series de casos de pacientes obstétricas. Parece que las técnicas neuroaxiales son seguras y es importante asegurarse que los bloqueos funcionen correctamente antes... |
Diagnóstico microbiológico de las infecciones gastrointestinales | Acute gastrointestinal tract infections are among the most common infectious diseases. In the present review, the different methods of diagnosing gastrointestinal infections caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites are examined. Stool culture is the method of choice for diagnosing bacterial intestinal infections; how... |
Why we went for full elimination | The doctor who devised New Zealand's early and extensive coronavirus response tells Alice Klein what inspired his successful strategy |
Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human trial | BACKGROUND: A vaccine to protect against COVID-19 is urgently needed. We aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) vectored COVID-19 vaccine expressing the spike glycoprotein of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain. METHODS: We... |
Responding to the accumulation of adverse childhood experiences in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for practice | In early 2020, the world as we knew it began to change dramatically and rapidly with the COVID-19 outbreak. Social distancing restrictions and lockdown measures have been the most effective course of action and an inarguably imperative approach at this time. However, in trying to keep the global population safe, social... |
Cardiac surgery in the time of the coronavirus | The current Covid‐19 pandemic is a significant global health threat. The outbreak has profoundly affected all healthcare professionals, including heart surgeons. To adapt to these exceptional circumstances, cardiac surgeons had to change their practice significantly. We herein discuss the challenges and broad implicati... |
Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a kind of viral pneumonia which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has been marked as the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population after the severe acute respiratory syndrome... |
Factors Influencing Health Behaviours during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: an Extended IMB Model | Abstract Objectives This study explored the factors influencing health behaviours during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China. The impact of perceived stress and positive perception of interventions on health behaviours in China were assessed using the extended information-motivation-behaviour skil... |
Prediction of Number of Cases of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Using Social Media Search Index | Predicting the number of new suspected or confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 outbreak. Social media search indexes (SMSI) for dry cough, fever, chest distress, coronavirus, and pneumonia were collected from 31 December 2019 to 9 February... |
Husbandry of Dairy Animals | Goat: Replacement Management | Raising replacement dairy kids begins with prenatal care of the doe. The doe needs to be properly vaccinated before kidding, be in proper body condition, and have good nutrition, including vitamins and minerals. A program to prevent caprine arthritis encephalitis must be instituted, which involves removal of the kid fr... |
The covid‐19 outbreak in Italy: preventive and protective measures adopted by the dermatology unit of bologna university hospital | |
Post-mortem routine practice in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic | |
COVID-19 Modifications for Remote Teleassessment and Teletraining of a Complementary Alternative Medicine Intervention for People With Multiple Sclerosis: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial | BACKGROUND: Access to comprehensive exercise and rehabilitation services for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) remains a major challenge, especially in rural, low-income areas. Hence, the Tele-Exercise and Multiple Sclerosis (TEAMS) study aims to provide patient-centered, coordinated care by implementing a 12-week co... |
Chapter 3.1 Structural Biology of Noroviruses | Abstract Noroviruses constitute a major genus in the family Caliciviridae, which contains icosahedral viruses with positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. In humans, these constantly evolving viruses are the cause of sporadic and epidemic gastroenteritis. Despite a lack of a reproducible cell culture system or a sma... |
Streptococcus pneumoniae Coinfection Is Correlated with the Severity of H1N1 Pandemic Influenza | BACKGROUND: Initial reports in May 2009 of the novel influenza strain H1N1pdm estimated a case fatality rate (CFR) of 0.6%, similar to that of seasonal influenza. In July 2009, however, Argentina reported 3056 cases with 137 deaths, representing a CFR of 4.5%. Potential explanations for increased CFR included virus rea... |
COVID-19 and Obesity—the Management of Pre- and Post-bariatric Patients Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic | |
Population genetics, community of parasites, and resistance to rodenticides in an urban brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) population | Brown rats are one of the most widespread urban species worldwide. Despite the nuisances they induce and their potential role as a zoonotic reservoir, knowledge on urban rat populations remains scarce. The main purpose of this study was to characterize an urban brown rat population from Chanteraines park (Hauts-de-Sein... |
Implementation of a Novel Bluetooth Technology for Remote Deep Brain Stimulation Programming: The Pre– and Post–COVID‐19 Beijing Experience | |
Aminopeptidase N-null neonatal piglets are protected from transmissible gastroenteritis virus but not porcine epidemic diarrhea virus | Swine enteric diseases have caused significant economic loss and have been considered as the major threat to the global swine industry. Several coronaviruses, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), have been identified as the causative agents of these diseases. ... |
Griffithsin Inhibits Nipah Virus Entry and Fusion and Can Protect Syrian Golden Hamsters From Lethal Nipah Virus Challenge | Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes fatal encephalitis and respiratory disease in humans. There is currently no approved therapeutic for human use against NiV infection. Griffithsin (GRFT) is high-mannose oligosaccharide binding lectin that has shown in vivo broad-spectrum activi... |
Olfactory and gustatory abnormalities in COVID-19 cases | PURPOSE: At the time of writing, there is a pandemic affecting virtually every country on Earth. There is considerable discussion amongst clinicians as well as lay people about anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 sufferers. We aimed to report the results from comprehensive olfactory and gustatory testing in a series of hos... |
Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus nsp3 ADRP domain | Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) encodes 15 nonstructural proteins (nsps) which play crucial roles in RNA transcription and genome replication. One of them, nsp3, contains an ADRP (adenosine diphosphate-ribose-1′-phosphatase) domain which was revealed in recent studies to have ADP-ribose-1′-monophosphatase (App... |
Development of broad‐spectrum human monoclonal antibodies for rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis | Currently available rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for use in humans includes equine or human rabies immunoglobulins (RIG). The replacement of RIG with an equally or more potent and safer product is strongly encouraged due to the high costs and limited availability of existing RIG. In this study, we identified ... |
Clinical presentations and outcome of severe community-acquired pneumonia | Abstract Background Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) represents a frequent and potentially life-threatening condition. About 10% of all hospitalized patients with CAP require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and the mortality of these patients reaches 20–50%. Objective To evaluate the clinical pres... |
Complementary and alternative medicine use among outpatients during the 2015 MERS outbreak in South Korea: a cross-sectional study | BACKGROUND: The 2015 MERS outbreak in South Korea was the largest event outside of the Middle East. Under such circumstances, individuals tend to resort to non-conventional solutions such as complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to manage health. Thus, this study aims to examine characteristics of CAM use among ... |
Nasopharyngeal Shedding of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—Associated Coronavirus Is Associated with Genetic Polymorphisms | Background. A high initial or peak severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)—associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) load in nasopharyngeal specimens was shown to be associated with a high mortality rate. Because all infected individuals were devoid of preeexisting protective immunity against SARS-CoV, the biological basis fo... |
CSF1R antagonism limits local restimulation of antiviral CD8(+) T cells during viral encephalitis | BACKGROUND: Microglia are resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS) locally maintained through colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling. Microglial depletion via CSF1R inactivation improves cognition in mouse models of neuroinflammation, but limits virologic control in the CNS of mouse mode... |
If COVID‐19 Becomes Endemic will the Current Dental Guidelines Still Remain Valid? | In a recent paper, the authors Jamal et al reviewed various guidelines published by dental societies of the world for the prevention of transmission of COVID‐19 virus in the dental care setting during the current pandemic(Jamal et al., 2020). While this review is very interesting, I have a genuine apprehension that the... |
Genetic characterization of a novel picornavirus in Algerian bats: co-evolution analysis of bat-related picornaviruses | Bats are reservoirs of numerous zoonotic viruses. The Picornaviridae family comprises important pathogens which may infect both humans and animals. In this study, a bat-related picornavirus was detected from Algerian Minioptreus schreibersii bats for the first time in the country. Molecular analyses revealed the new vi... |
Critically ill COVID‐19 infected patients exhibit increased clot waveform analysis parameters consistent with hypercoagulability | |
Distinct regulation of MHC molecule expression on astrocytes and microglia during viral encephalomyelitis | The potential interplay of glial cells with T cells during viral induced inflammation was assessed by comparing major histocompatibility complex molecule upregulation and retention on astrocytes and microglia. Transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein under control of the astrocyte‐specific glial fibrillary ... |
Viral etiologies and epidemiology of patients with acute respiratory infections based on sentinel hospitals in Gansu Province, Northwest China, 2011‐2015 | Understanding etiological role and epidemiological profile is needed to improve clinical management and prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). A 5‐year prospective study about active surveillance for outpatients and inpatients with ARIs was conducted in Gansu province, China, from January 2011 to November 2... |
Translation of Korean Medicine Use to ICD-Codes Using National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort | Background. Korean medicine was incorporated into the Korean Classification of Diseases (KCD) 6 through the development of U codes (U20–U99). Studies of the burden of disease have used summary measures such as disability-adjusted life years. Although Korean medicine is included in the official health care system, studi... |
Chapter 15 Human Bocavirus | Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), family Parvoviridae, subfamily Parvovirinae, genus Bocavirus, is a recently described respiratory virus with a worldwide distribution. It is recognized as one of the most frequently detected respiratory viruses in hospitalized children below 5 years of age and mainly detected in children betw... |
The antiviral and the coronavirus-host protein pathways inhibiting properties of herbs and natural compounds - Additional weapons in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic? | INTRODUCTION: As of March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. Articles published after the SARS-CoV-1 (2002) epidemic suggest that the use of an herbal-drug integrative medical approach could have contributed to a lower fatality rate and a more rapid response in controll... |
Severe refractory Kawasaki disease in seven infants in the COVID-19 era | |
Development and Characterization of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome—Associated Coronavirus—Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody That Provides Effective Immunoprophylaxis in Mice | Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) remains a significant public health concern after the epidemic in 2003. Human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that neutralize SARS-associated coronavirus (SARSCoV) could provide protection for exposed individuals. Methods. Transgenic mice with human immunoglobulin genes... |
Probing the Effects of Pyrimidine Functional Group Switches on Acyclic Fleximer Analogues for Antiviral Activity | Due to their ability to inhibit viral DNA or RNA replication, nucleoside analogues have been used for decades as potent antiviral therapeutics. However, one of the major limitations of nucleoside analogues is the development of antiviral resistance. In that regard, flexible nucleoside analogues known as “fleximers” hav... |
Viral respiratory tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit | Abstract Introduction Viral respiratory infections cause major morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. We have performed a prospective study in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to determine the incidence of respiratory infections, their impact and the epidemiology and outcome in high risk neonates. Patients ... |
Ruxolitinib in treatment of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial | Abstract Background Accumulating evidence proposed JAK inhibitors as therapeutic targets warranting rapid investigation. Objective This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib, a Janus-associated kinase (JAK1/2) inhibitor, for COVID-19. Methods We conducted a prospective, multicenter, single-blind, rando... |
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