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Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity | Quinine was first recognized as a potent antimalarial agent hundreds of years ago. Since then, the beneficial effects of quinine and its more advanced synthetic forms, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, have been increasingly recognized in a myriad of other diseases in addition to malaria. In recent years, antimalaria... |
The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease that commonly affects older adults and is associated with the histopathological and/or radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Despite significant advances in our understanding of disease pathobiology... |
Coronavirus Stress, Optimism-Pessimism, Psychological Inflexibility, and Psychological Health: Psychometric Properties of the Coronavirus Stress Measure | The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is currently a global health threat attributed to negatively affecting the mental health and well-being of people globally. The purpose of the present study is to examine the mediating role of optimism-pessimism and psychological inflexibility in the relationship of coronavirus stres... |
Intraperitoneal adoptive transfer of mesenchymal stem cells enhances recovery from acid aspiration acute lung injury in mice | BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might act as fine-tuners of inflammation during acute lung injury. We assessed the effects of adoptive transfer of MSCs in acid aspiration acute lung injury and explored the role of long pentraxin PTX3. METHODS: We conducted a prospective experimental interventional study on wi... |
Initial clinical features of suspected coronavirus disease 2019 in two emergency departments outside of Hubei, China | With an increasing number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) cases outside of Hubei, emergency departments (EDs) and fever clinics are facing challenges posed by the large number of admissions of patients suspected to have COVID‐19. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to study the initial clinical features of pa... |
Effectiveness of corticoid pulses in patients with cytokine storm syndrome induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection | Abstract Introduction Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a serious complication of COVID-19 patients. Treatment is tocilizumab. The use of glucocorticoids (GC) is controversial. In other very similar CSS, such as macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and hemophagocytic syndrome (HFS), the main treatment are corticosteroid... |
Chapter 1 The Nature of Viruses | Abstract This chapter will briefly review the history of animal virology and the nature of viruses, including their composition, appearance and classification. |
Chest CT score in COVID-19 patients: correlation with disease severity and short-term prognosis | OBJECTIVES: To correlate a CT-based semi-quantitative score of pulmonary involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia with clinical staging of disease and laboratory findings. We also aimed to investigate whether CT findings may be predictive of patients’ outcome. METHODS: From March 6 to March 22, 2020, 130 symptomatic SARS-CoV-... |
Rate of Compliance with Hand Hygiene by Dental Healthcare Personnel (DHCP) within a Dentistry Healthcare First Aid Facility | OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the compliance with the opportunities of hand hygiene by dentistry school healthcare professionals, as well as the higher choice products. METHODS: Through direct observation, the oral healthcare team-professors, oral and maxillofacial surgery residents, graduation students-for daily care were m... |
Running out? Rethinking resource depletion. | Since the 1970s, environmentalists have warned that overconsumption, especially of minerals and fossil fuels, will lead to resource depletion. But there are compelling reasons to question the assertion that we are running out. On the one hand, new technologies and discoveries have increased the supply of petroleum and ... |
Canine respiratory coronavirus employs caveolin-1-mediated pathway for internalization to HRT-18G cells | Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV), identified in 2003, is a member of the Coronaviridae family. The virus is a betacoronavirus and a close relative of human coronavirus OC43 and bovine coronavirus. Here, we examined entry of CRCoV into human rectal tumor cells (HRT-18G cell line) by analyzing co-localization of si... |
Successful recovery of COVID-19 pneumonia in a patient from Colombia after receiving chloroquine and clarithromycin | BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemics is a challenge for public health and infectious diseases clinicians, especially for the therapeutical approach that is not yet adequately defined. Amid this situation, investigational agents are being used, including chloroquine. We report here the clinical features and therapeutic course... |
Adherence to social distancing and use of personal protective equipment and the risk of Sars-COV-2 infection in a cohort of patients with Multiple Sclerosis | Background Aiming to safeguard its population from COVID19 infection, Italian government provided specific advices, especially to fragile individuals such those affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS), to respect social distancing, to arrange remote work and to use personal protective equipment (PPE). The aim of this study... |
Interpreting Results From Environmental Contamination Studies of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus | |
Unprecedented Challenges, Familiar Paradoxes: COVID‐19 and Governance in a New Normal State of Risks | Through the lens of paradoxes, this essay understands China's COVID‐19 responses, focusing on normal and non‐normal governance, competing values, expertise and politics, centralization and decentralization, public and private, and technology and institution. Preliminary lessons are drawn regarding pandemic governance: ... |
How Can Viral Dynamics Models Inform Endpoint Measures in Clinical Trials of Therapies for Acute Viral Infections? | Acute viral infections pose many practical challenges for the accurate assessment of the impact of novel therapies on viral growth and decay. Using the example of influenza A, we illustrate how the measurement of infection-related quantities that determine the dynamics of viral load within the human host, can inform in... |
CHAPTER 2 Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses | Publisher Summary Viral taxonomists have developed a system of classification and nomenclature that embraces all viruses. From the operational point of view, viruses are divided into those that affect vertebrate animals, insects, plants, and bacteria. The chapter discusses the viruses of vertebrate animals, although so... |
Posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) | This study examines the psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 195 adult patients in Hong Kong. The Impact of Event Scale—Revised and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were administered to patients 1 month after their discharge. Of the participants 10% to 18% reported symptoms related t... |
Welche Bedeutung hat die Bindehaut als möglicher Übertragungsweg für eine SARS-CoV-2-Infektion? | Recent studies have described conjunctivitis in approximately 1% of COVID-19 patients and speculated that SARS-CoV‑2 can be transmitted via the conjunctiva. In this article we recapitulate the molecular mechanisms of host cell entry of SARS-CoV‑2 and discuss the current evidence for a potential conjunctival transmissio... |
Case Study: Control of respiratory disease in male Holstein calves with tildipirosin and effect on health and growth from 0 to 4 months of age | ABSTRACT In trial 1, phase 1, 48 male Holstein calves initially 2 to 4 d of age were transported 3.5 h to the research facility. Calves were randomly selected to either receive a s.c. injection of Zuprevo (Merck Animal Health, Summit, NJ; 4 mg of tildipirosin/kg of BW; TIL) the day after arrival (d 0) and again at wean... |
Animal models for emerging coronavirus: progress and new insights | The emergences of coronaviruses have caused a serious global public health problem because their infection in humans caused the severe acute respiratory disease and deaths. The outbreaks of lethal coronaviruses have taken place for three times within recent two decades (SARS-CoV in 2002, MERS-CoV in 2012 and SARS-CoV-2... |
Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys | An inactivated vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was evaluated in rhesus monkeys. The monkeys were inoculated intramuscularly (i.m.) with 0.5, 5, 50, or 5000 μg of vaccine, or PBS as control, and boosted on day 7. After 3 weeks, they were challenged with the NS-1 str... |
Zoonotic Vectorborne Pathogens and Ectoparasites of Dogs and Cats in Eastern and Southeast Asia | To provide data that can be used to inform treatment and prevention strategies for zoonotic pathogens in animal and human populations, we assessed the occurrence of zoonotic pathogens and their vectors on 2,381 client-owned dogs and cats living in metropolitan areas of 8 countries in eastern and Southeast Asia during 2... |
Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of porcine diarrhea associated viruses in southern China from 2012 to 2018 | BACKGROUND: In China, large-scale outbreaks of severe diarrhea caused by viruses have occurred in pigs since late 2010. To investigate the prevalence and genetic evolution of diarrhea-associated viruses responsible for the outbreaks, a total of 2987 field diarrheal samples collected from 168 pig farms in five provinces... |
Risk reduction through family therapy (RRFT): Protocol of a randomized controlled efficacy trial of an integrative treatment for co-occurring substance use problems and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents who have experienced interpersonal violence and other traumatic events | Abstract Decades of research demonstrate that childhood exposure to traumatic events, particularly interpersonal violence experiences (IPV; sexual abuse, physical abuse, witnessing violence), increases risk for negative behavioral and emotional outcomes, including substance use problems (SUP) and posttraumatic stress d... |
Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) | The epicenter of the original outbreak in China has high male smoking rates of around 50%, and early reported death rates have an emphasis on older males, therefore the likelihood of smokers being overrepresented in fatalities is high. In Iran, China, Italy, and South Korea, female smoking rates are much lower than mal... |
Travelling to scientific meetings is a mission, not a vacation | University accountants and administrators should support scientists going to meetings, not further burden them with bureaucratic hurdles, expense claims or unnecessary auditing.[Image: see text] |
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 320 deceased Covid‐19 patients in an Italian Province: a retrospective observational study | BACKGROUND: Studies have described clinical features of Covid‐19 patients. However, limited data concerning the clinical characteristics of the Italian deaths are available. We aim to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 320 deceased from the Italian experience. METHODS: We retrospectively colle... |
Limited Utility of Polymerase Chain Reaction in Induced Sputum Specimens for Determining the Causes of Childhood Pneumonia in Resource-Poor Settings: Findings From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study | BACKGROUND. Sputum examination can be useful in diagnosing the cause of pneumonia in adults but is less well established in children. We sought to assess the diagnostic utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of respiratory viruses and bacteria in induced sputum (IS) specimens from children hospitalize... |
Infectious Disease Externalities | Abstract In the presence of infectious diseases, people's actions have consequences for others but not ones that they take into account in making their choices. These externalities arise for individuals' decisions about both prevention and therapy and condition the design of government interventions. Subsidies are one ... |
Low prevalence of equine coronavirus in foals in the largest thoroughbred horse breeding region of Japan, 2012–2014 | BACKGROUND: Equine coronavirus (ECoV) is considered to be a diarrheic pathogen in foals. In central Kentucky in the United States, it has been shown that approximately 30 % of thoroughbred foals are infected with ECoV and thus it is considered widely prevalent. In contrast, the epidemiology of ECoV and its relationship... |
Characterization of a Novel Influenza Virus in Cattle and Swine: Proposal for a New Genus in the Orthomyxoviridae Family | We have recently reported the isolation of a novel virus, provisionally designated C/swine/Oklahoma/1334/2011 (C/OK), with 50% overall homology to human influenza C viruses (ICV), from a pig in Oklahoma. Deep RNA sequencing of C/OK virus found a matrix 1 (M1) protein expression strategy that differed from that of ICV. ... |
Chapter 34 Antiviral Drugs | Abstract Viruses are major pathogenic agents causing a variety of serious diseases in humans, other animals, and plants. Drugs that combat viral infections are called antiviral drugs. There are no effective antiviral drugs for many viral infections. However, there are several drugs for influenza, a couple of drugs for ... |
Respiratory infectious phenotypes in acute exacerbation of COPD: an aid to length of stay and COPD Assessment Test | PURPOSE: To investigate the respiratory infectious phenotypes and their impact on length of stay (LOS) and the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) Scale in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We categorized 81 eligible patients into bacterial infection, viral infection, coinfection, and non-infectious gro... |
The use of complementary and alternative medicine by patients with cancer: a cross-sectional survey in Saudi Arabia | BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) along with conventional therapies (CT), whereas a smaller proportion delay or defer CT in favor of CAM. Previous studies exploring CAM use among cancer patients in the Middle East region have shown discrepant result... |
Respiratory infections: A current and future threat | Despite all the medical progress in the last 50 years pulmonary infections continue to exact and extremely high human and economic cost. This review will focus on the human, pathogen and environmental factors that contribute to the continued global burden or respiratory diseases with a particular focus on areas where w... |
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Type 2 Diabetes Patients Infected with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study | Diabetes and its related metabolic disorders have been reported as the leading comorbidities in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This clinical study aims to investigate the clinical features, radiographic and laboratory tests, complications, treatments, and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with ... |
Practical implementation of COVID-19 patient flags into an antimicrobial stewardship program’s prospective review | |
Head and neck oncologic surgery in the COVID‐19 pandemic: Our experience in a deep south tertiary care center | INTRODUCTION: The ongoing worldwide pandemic due to COVID‐19 has forced drastic changes on the daily lives of the global population. This is most notable within the health care sector. The current paper outlines the response of the head and neck oncologic surgery (HNS) division within our academic otolaryngology depart... |
Responsabilité de l’employeur dans le cadre de la pandémie Covid 19 | |
Ten diseases you need to know if you want to be a critical care specialist in Hong Kong | |
Accuracy of parents in measuring body temperature with a tympanic thermometer | BACKGROUND: It is now common for parents to measure tympanic temperatures in children. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of these measurements. METHODS: Parents and then nurses measured the temperature of 60 children with a tympanic thermometer designed for home use (home thermometer). T... |
Introducing E-learning in Epidemiology Course for Undergraduate Medical Students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade: A Pilot Study | The aim of this study was to determine whether e-learning as a new teaching concept was acceptable for second-year undergraduates and to compare attitudes and exam results of students who followed electronic compared with classroom seminars. The electronic seminars (e-seminars) were developed several months prior to st... |
Whole-genome Sequencing for Tracing the Transmission Link between Two ARD Outbreaks Caused by a Novel HAdV Serotype 7 Variant, China | From December 2012 to February 2013, two outbreaks of acute respiratory disease caused by HAdV-7 were reported in China. We investigated possible transmission links between these two seemingly unrelated outbreaks by integration of epidemiological and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. WGS analyses showed that the HAdV... |
Vascular skin symptoms in COVID‐19: a french observational study | Coronavirus 19 (COVID‐19) was declared as a pandemic viral infection by the World Health organization on March 11(th) 2020. Usual clinical manifestations of COVID‐19 infection include fever, fatigue, myalgia, headache, diarrhea, dry cough, dyspnea that may lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome and death (1). Skin... |
Serratia marcescens outbreak in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: a paradoxical risk? | |
Sensitive Detection of Viral Transcripts in Human Tumor Transcriptomes | In excess of [Image: see text]% of human cancer incidents have a viral cofactor. Epidemiological studies of idiopathic human cancers indicate that additional tumor viruses remain to be discovered. Recent advances in sequencing technology have enabled systematic screenings of human tumor transcriptomes for viral transcr... |
Development of a consensus microarray method for identification of some highly pathogenic viruses | Some highly pathogenic viruses, such as Chikungunya virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Yellow fever virus, Dengue virus, Hanta virus, SARS‐CoV, and H5N1 avian influenza virus can cause severe infectious diseases. However, the consensus method for detecting these viruses has not been well established. A rapid and sensi... |
Analysis of dermatologic conditions in Turkey and Italy by using Google Trends analysis in the era of the COVID‐19 pandemic | Many areas of life including patterns of dermatological diseases that patient attend to the hospital were tremendously affected by implementing stay‐at‐home orders during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We aimed to identify the dermatologic interest of the public during the COVID‐19 pandemic by using Google Trends. The terms “a... |
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré asociado a infección por Covid-19 | |
Rapid implementation and validation of a cold-chain free SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing workflow to support surge capacity | BACKGROUND: In January 2020 reports of unidentified severe respiratory illness were described in Wuhan, China. A rapid expansion in cases affecting most countries around the globe led to major changes in the way people live their daily lives. In the United Kingdom, the Department of Health and Social Care directed heal... |
“The COVID-19 outbreak”—An empirical phenomenological study on perceptions and psychosocial considerations surrounding the immediate incorporation of final-year Spanish nursing and medical students into the health system | The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health crisis worldwide, with the numbers of infections and deaths worldwide multiplying alarmingly in a matter of weeks. Accordingly, governments have been forced to take drastic actions such as the confinement of the population and the suspension of face-to-face teach... |
Electron microscopic reporting of gastrointestianal viruses in the United Kingdom, 1985–1987 | We examined some epidemiological features of the viruses associated with gastrointestinal illness, using national data reported by electron microscopists in the United Kingdom. During the 3 years analyzed (1985–1987), a total of 1,993 positive detections of astroviruses, caliciviruses, coronaviruses, and small round st... |
Infecciones agudas traqueales y del árbol bronquial | Resumen Las infecciones agudas del tracto respiratorio son una de las principales causas de inflamación de la vía aérea, siendo especialmente frecuentes las de origen vírico. Las infecciones de la vía aérea superior son más frecuentes en niños, y es la principal causa de hospitalización en pacientes menores de 4 años. ... |
Introducing the Videocall to facilitate the communication between health care providers and families of patients in the intensive care unit during COVID-19 pandemia | |
Clinical Factors, Preventive Behaviours and Temporal Outcomes Associated with COVID-19 Infection in Health Professionals at a Spanish Hospital | The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has quickly spread around the world, with Spain being one of the most severely affected countries. Healthcare professionals are an important risk group given their exposure. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of symptoms, main concerns as patients, ... |
The interplay of autophagy and enterovirus | Abstract Autophagy, an evolutional conserved lysosomal degradation process, has been implicated to play an important role in cellular defense against a variety of microbial infection. Interestingly, numerous studies found that some pathogens, especially positive-single-strand RNA viruses, actually hijacked autophagy ma... |
Hydroxychloroquine as an aerosol might markedly reduce and even prevent severe clinical symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection | Abstract Covid-19 is a new coronavirus disease first described in December 2019. This respiratory illness is severe and potentially fatal. Severe cases make up to 15%, lethality ranges between 1.5 and more than 10 %. What is urgently needed is an efficient pharmacological treatment for the treatment of severe cases. Du... |
The prevalance of respiratory viruses among healthcare workers serving pilgrims in Makkah during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic | Summary Despite the high risk of acquiring respiratory infections, healthcare workers who treat pilgrims at Hajj have not been studied in previous research on respiratory diseases during Hajj. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of different respiratory viruses among healthcare workers who treat... |
Telemedicine in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic | |
Virus Taxonomy: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back | |
The role of human Metapneumovirus genetic diversity and nasopharyngeal viral load on symptom severity in adults | BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is established as one of the causative agents of respiratory tract infections. To date, there are limited reports that describe the effect of HMPV genotypes and/or viral load on disease pathogenesis in adults. This study aims to determine the role of HMPV genetic diversity and n... |
Achilles' heel of the killer virus: the highly important molecular targets for hitting SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 | As an immediate priority, finding a solution for the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is on the agenda of scientists of the world. Herein, we summarize all the suggested global solutions proposed by scientists and physicians so far to stop this dangerous virus. Also, the important molecular targets for hitting the... |
Zika Virus Infection, Basic and Clinical Aspects: A Review Article | BACKGROUND: Zika virus infection has recently attracted the attention of medical community. While clinical manifestations of the infection in adult cases are not severe and disease is not associated with high mortality rates, Zika virus infection can have an impact on fetal development and lead to severe neurodevelopme... |
Covid‐19 related IgA vasculitis | IgA vasculitis is a systemic small‐vessel vasculitis which may be triggered by different microorganisms. IgA vasculitis cases have been reported in patients with immune‐mediated inflammatory disorders treated with TNF inhibitors. Here we report the case of a young Crohn’s disease patient in clinical remission under ada... |
Detection of bovine coronavirus in nasal swab of non‐captive wild water deer, Korea | Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a causative agent of respiratory and enteric diseases in cattle and calves. BCoV infection was also evident in captive wild ruminants. Recently, water deer are recognized as the most common wildlife to approach farmhouses and livestock barns in Korea. Therefore, we investigated 77 nasal swa... |
Implications of respiratory pathogen transmission dynamics on prevention and testing | • Respiratory droplets can travel beyond current physical distancing recommendations. • Limited evidence of air pollution linked to respiratory transmission. • COVID close contact and testing criteria may need to consider these findings. • Universal masking may provide a viable option against these transmission dynamic... |
Identification and location of the structural glycoproteins of a tissue culture-adapted turkey enteric coronavirus | The Minnesota strain of turkey enteric coronavirus (TCV) was grown on a human rectal tumor (HRT-18) cell line in the presence of radiolabeled amino acids and glucosamine to analyse virion structural proteins. In addition to the 52,000 unglycosylated nucleocapsid protein, three major glycoprotein species were found to b... |
Xenotransplantation, Xenogeneic Infections, Biotechnology, and Public Health | Xenotransplantation is the attempt to use living biological material from nonhuman animal species in humans for therapeutic purposes. Clinical trials and preclinical studies have suggested that living cells and tissue from other species have the potential to be used in humans to ameliorate disease. However, the potenti... |
Incidence and predisposing factors for severe disease in previously healthy term infants experiencing their first episode of bronchiolitis | Aim: To determine the incidence and predisposing factors for severe bronchiolitis in previously healthy term infants <12 months of age experiencing their first episode of bronchiolitis. Methods: Epidemiological, clinical and virological data were prospectively collected. Severity was assessed by the need for ventilator... |
[Analysis of bronchoscope-guided tracheal intubation in 12 cases with COVID-19 under the personal protective equipment with positive pressure protective hood]. | Endotracheal intubation is an independent risk factor for respiratory infectious diseases. We conducted a retrospective study in 12 cases with COVID-19 who underwent endotracheal intubation at ICU of the Guangzhou eighth hospital from January 20 to February 10, 2020. The intubation procedure, anesthetic regimen, and co... |
A pandemic in all but name | The spread of the coronavirus beyond China is entering a critical new phase |
SARS-like virus in the Middle East: A truly bat-related coronavirus causing human diseases | |
Osteoporosis Management in the Era of COVID‐19 | Osteoporosis is a chronic condition that reflects reduced bone strength and an associated increased risk for fracture. As a chronic condition, osteoporosis generally requires sustained medical intervention(s) to limit the risks for additional bone loss, compromise of skeletal integrity, and fracture occurrence. Further... |
Global funding for local health issues | Jeremy Farrar tells Fiona Fleck why global health research must go local to respond to social needs. |
Battling COVID-19: using old weapons for a new enemy | Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic proportions. Most of the drugs that are being tried for the treatment have not been evaluated in any randomized controlled trials. The purpose of this review was to summarize the in-vitro and in-vivo efficacy of these drugs on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SAR... |
IT applications in healthcare management: a survey | Healthcare management is currently undergoing substantial changes, and reshaping our perception of the medical field. One spectrum is that of the considerable changes that we see in surgical machines and equipment, and the way the procedures are performed. Computing power, Internet and associated technologies are trans... |
Circulation of human metapneumovirus among children with influenza‐like illness in Wuhan, China | Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a worldwide distributed pathogen of the respiratory tract. The objectives of this study were to identify HMPV infections among children with influenza‐like illness (ILI) in Wuhan and to assess circulation patterns and molecular diversity of HMPV in this area. From July 2008 to December 2... |
Will the COVID-19 pandemic change national security and health care in the spectrum of cardiovascular disease? | COVID-19 pandemic changed the current state of healthcare, especially in terms of reorganization of resources. Chief complaints of patients admitted to hospitals changed drastically in the proceeding months, which worsened the treatment of many acute and chronic conditions involving cardiovascular system pathologies an... |
Radiation therapy considerations during the COVID‐19 Pandemic: Literature review and expert opinions | COVID-19 is an unprecedented pandemic that has already reached over 2 million confirmed cases globally, with at least 140,000 deaths as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) as of April 16, 2020 1 . More than 662,000 cases have been reported in the United States with more than 29,000 deaths2 . The overall cru... |
Infectious diseases spreading on a metapopulation network coupled with its second-neighbor network | Abstract Traditional infectious diseases models on metapopulation networks focus on direct transportations (e.g., direct flights), ignoring the effect of indirect transportations. Based on global aviation network, we turn the problem of indirect flights into a question of second neighbors, and propose a susceptible-inf... |
Telemedicine in nursing homes during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A star is born (again) | |
Chikungunya as a paradigm for emerging viral diseases: Evaluating disease impact and hurdles to vaccine development | Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an emerging infectious disease caused by an alphavirus transmitted by Aedes spp. mosquitoes. Because mosquito control programs are not highly efficient for outbreak containment, vaccines are essential to reduce the burden of disease. Although no licensed vaccine against CHIKF is yet availab... |
Serological Diagnosis of Feline Coronavirus Infection by Immunochromatographic Test | The immunochromatographic assay (ICA) is a simple antibody–antigen detection method, the results of which can be rapidly obtained at a low cost. We designed an ICA to detect anti-feline coronavirus (FCoV) antibodies. A colloidal gold-labeled recombinant FCoV nucleocapsid protein (rNP) is used as a conjugate. The Protei... |
Chapter 8 Reproduction and Breeding of Nonhuman Primates | This chapter provides an overview of reproductive biology and husbandry and management of captive nonhuman primates for breeding purposes. The reproductive biology section includes overviews of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function and puberty as well as specific sections on female and male reproductive physiology. T... |
Global animal disease surveillance | Abstract Development and implementation of global animal disease surveillance has been limited by the lack of information systems that enable near real-time data capturing, sharing, analysis, and related decision- and policy-making. The objective of this paper is to describe requirements for global animal disease surve... |
Prefusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein | HKU1 is a human betacoronavirus that causes mild yet prevalent respiratory disease(1) and is related to the zoonotic SARS(2) and MERS(3) betacoronaviruses that have high fatality rates and pandemic potential. Cell tropism and host range is determined in part by the coronavirus spike (S) protein(4), which binds cellular... |
A large outbreak of acute encephalitis with high fatality rate in children in Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2003, associated with Chandipura virus | Summary Background An outbreak of acute encephalitis of unknown origin with high case fatality (183 of 329 cases) was reported in children from Andhra Pradesh state in southern India during 2003. We investigated the causative agent. Methods Cell lines and peripheral blood lymphocyte co-cultures were used to isolate the... |
Hepatitis C Virus Infection as a Traumatic Experience | OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether individuals consider their HCV infection to be a potentially traumatic experience. Additionally, we investigated its association with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the impact of PTSD diagnosis on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in HCV infec... |
Moving Forward: Recent Developments for the Ferret Biomedical Research Model | Since the initial report in 1911, the domestic ferret has become an invaluable biomedical research model. While widely recognized for its utility in influenza virus research, ferrets are used for a variety of infectious and noninfectious disease models due to the anatomical, metabolic, and physiological features they s... |
Subcellular fractionation method to study endosomal trafficking of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus | BACKGROUND: Virus entry involves multiple steps and is a highly orchestrated process on which successful infection collectively depends. Entry processes are commonly analyzed by monitoring internalized virus particles via Western blotting, polymerase chain reaction, and imaging techniques that allow scientist to track ... |
Covid-19 and EU Competition Law: Bring the Informal Guidance On | |
Lessons Learned from Emergency Response Vaccination Efforts for Cholera, Typhoid, Yellow Fever, and Ebola | Countries must be prepared to respond to public health threats associated with emergencies, such as natural disasters, sociopolitical conflicts, or uncontrolled disease outbreaks. Rapid vaccination of populations vulnerable to epidemic-prone vaccine-preventable diseases is a major component of emergency response. Emerg... |
Emerging respiratory infections: influenza, MERS-CoV, and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis | |
Pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy in COVID-19 pneumonia – Authors' reply | |
Chapter 7 Commonly Used Animal Models | Abstract This chapter provides an introduction to animals that are commonly used for research. It presents information on basic care topics such as biology, behavior, housing, feeding, sexing, and breeding of these animals. The chapter provides some insight into the reasons why these animals are used in research. It al... |
Qiangzhi Decoction (羌跖汤) protects mice from influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preventive effects of Qiangzhi Decoction (羌跖汤, QZD) on influenza A pneumonia through inhibition of inflammatory cytokine storm in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: One hundred ICR mice were randomly divided into the virus control, the Tamiflu control and the QZD high-, medium-, and low-dose grou... |
Drinking Bat Blood May Be Hazardous to Your Health | |
Guidance on Minimizing Risk of Drug-Induced Ventricular Arrhythmia During Treatment of COVID-19: A Statement from the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society | Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has led to efforts at rapid investigation and application of drugs which may improve prognosis but for which safety and efficacy are not yet established. This document attempts to provide reasonable guidance for the use of antimicrobials which have uncertain benefit but may increase risk ... |
Preventing COVID-19 from the perspective of industrial information integration: Evaluation and continuous improvement of information networks for sustainable epidemic prevention | COVID-19 is accelerating industrial information integration (III) for sustainable epidemic prevention and innovation design. It is important to emphasize that this interaction makes it reciprocal. To prevent COVID-19, the III of industrial sectors should be strengthened to encourage innovation for sustainable epidemic ... |
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