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PMID:10063 | Thermothrix thioparus gen. et sp. nov. a facultatively anaerobic facultative chemolithotroph living at neutral pH and high temperature. | Thermothrix thioparus gen. et ep. nov. occurs naturally in a New Mexico hot spring at a temperature of 74 degrees C, a pH of 7.0, and a HS- concentration of 1 mg/litre. The organism is gram-negative, non-motile, 0.5-1.0 X 3-20 mum, and forms cell chains up to 1 cm in length. The resulting filaments do not possess a she... | Thermothrix thioparus gen. et sp. nov. a facultatively anaerobic facultative chemolithotroph living at neutral pH and high temperature. Thermothrix thioparus gen. et ep. nov. occurs naturally in a New Mexico hot spring at a temperature of 74 degrees C, a pH of 7.0, and a HS- concentration of 1 mg/litre. The organism is... | [
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PMID:10064 | Comparison of talc-Celite and polyelectrolyte 60 in virus recovery from sewage: development of technique and experiments with poliovirus (type 1, Sabin)-contaminated multilitre samples. | For virus recovery from sewage, a mixture of talc and Celite was tested as a possible inexpensive substitute for polyelectrolyte 60 (PE 60). After adjustment of pH to 6 and the addition of 45-60 plaque forming units (PFU)/ml of poliovirus type I (Sabin) to the sewage sample under test, 100 ml of it was passed through e... | Comparison of talc-Celite and polyelectrolyte 60 in virus recovery from sewage: development of technique and experiments with poliovirus (type 1, Sabin)-contaminated multilitre samples. For virus recovery from sewage, a mixture of talc and Celite was tested as a possible inexpensive substitute for polyelectrolyte 60 (P... | [
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PMID:10065 | The effects of pH and temperature on the assay of superoxide dismutase. | A simple and reliable method for the measurement of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activity is described. The method is based on a linear inhibition of the reduction of acetylated cytochrome c by superoxide dismutase. | The effects of pH and temperature on the assay of superoxide dismutase. A simple and reliable method for the measurement of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activity is described. The method is based on a linear inhibition of the reduction of acetylated cytochrome c by superoxide dismutase. | [
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PMID:10066 | Biosynthesis of lysine in Saccharomyces cervisiae: properties and spectrophotometric determination of homocitrate synthase activity. | A rapid assay is described for homocitrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.21) of the lysine biosynthetic pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent cleavage of acetyl-coA was measured spectrophotometrically as decrease in absorbance at 600 nm in the presence of 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol and enzyme f... | Biosynthesis of lysine in Saccharomyces cervisiae: properties and spectrophotometric determination of homocitrate synthase activity. A rapid assay is described for homocitrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.21) of the lysine biosynthetic pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent cleavage of acetyl-coA ... | [
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PMID:10067 | Dependence of the superficial layers of Spirillum putridiconchylium on Ca2+ or Sr2+. | Chelating agents disrupted the superficial layers on Spirillum putridiconchylium and adsorption of cationized ferritin indicated that both upper and lower surfaces of superficial layer fragments, as well as the outer membrane surface, possessed areas which were negatively charged. Growth of the bacterium in 1% casamino... | Dependence of the superficial layers of Spirillum putridiconchylium on Ca2+ or Sr2+. Chelating agents disrupted the superficial layers on Spirillum putridiconchylium and adsorption of cationized ferritin indicated that both upper and lower surfaces of superficial layer fragments, as well as the outer membrane surface, ... | [
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PMID:10068 | Some properties of p-coumarate decarboxylase from Cladosporium phlei. | The optimal pH and temperature of p-coumarate decarboxylase were 6.0 and 23 degrees C respectively. The enzyme activity was reduced to three quarters by heat treatment at 35 degrees C for 5 min and by half at 25 degrees C in 24 h, but kept almost unchanged at -20 degrees C at least for 10 days. The activity was not inh... | Some properties of p-coumarate decarboxylase from Cladosporium phlei. The optimal pH and temperature of p-coumarate decarboxylase were 6.0 and 23 degrees C respectively. The enzyme activity was reduced to three quarters by heat treatment at 35 degrees C for 5 min and by half at 25 degrees C in 24 h, but kept almost unc... | [
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PMID:10069 | Production of volatiles from decomposing plant tissues and effect of these volatiles on Rhizoctonia solani in culture. | Volatiles, of which NH3 is a major component, were evolved from decomposing immature corn tissue (c:n9) and affected R. solani in culture two ways: they supplied additional nitrogen to the growth medium so that fungal mycelial growth increased; and they raised substrate pH from 5.5 to 8.2 which induced melanization of ... | Production of volatiles from decomposing plant tissues and effect of these volatiles on Rhizoctonia solani in culture. Volatiles, of which NH3 is a major component, were evolved from decomposing immature corn tissue (c:n9) and affected R. solani in culture two ways: they supplied additional nitrogen to the growth mediu... | [
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PMID:10070 | Factors affecting rate of methane formation from acetic acid by enriched methanogenic cultures. | A stable enrichment culture converting acetic acid to methane was successfully obtained from a pear waste digester, using a synthetic substrate solution with acetic acid as the main carbon source. This enrichment culture converted up to 10 mmol of acetic acid per litre per day at 35 degrees C and did not use hydrogen o... | Factors affecting rate of methane formation from acetic acid by enriched methanogenic cultures. A stable enrichment culture converting acetic acid to methane was successfully obtained from a pear waste digester, using a synthetic substrate solution with acetic acid as the main carbon source. This enrichment culture con... | [
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PMID:10071 | Roles of low pH, carbon and inorganic nitrogen source use in chlamydospore formation by Fusarium solani. | Citrate and malate were poorer sources of exogenous carbon than several hexose, pentose, or disaccharide sugars for supporting macroconidial germination by Fusarium solani at high conidial density (1 X 10(5) condia/ml). Only citrate, however, failed to block chlamydospore morphogenesis to a degree comparable to glucose... | Roles of low pH, carbon and inorganic nitrogen source use in chlamydospore formation by Fusarium solani. Citrate and malate were poorer sources of exogenous carbon than several hexose, pentose, or disaccharide sugars for supporting macroconidial germination by Fusarium solani at high conidial density (1 X 10(5) condia/... | [
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PMID:10072 | Transport of phenylalanine by conidia of Fusarium sulphureum. | L-Phenylalanine was actively transported by conidia of Fusarium sulphurenum Schlect (isolate 1). Uptake was optimal at pH 7, 30 degrees C; respiration-dependent; and was unaffected by relatively high internal concentrations of phenylalanine. The Km for transport was 1-3 X 10(-5) M and the Vmax was 2.5-4 nmol/min per mi... | Transport of phenylalanine by conidia of Fusarium sulphureum. L-Phenylalanine was actively transported by conidia of Fusarium sulphurenum Schlect (isolate 1). Uptake was optimal at pH 7, 30 degrees C; respiration-dependent; and was unaffected by relatively high internal concentrations of phenylalanine. The Km for trans... | [
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PMID:10074 | Characterization of a strain of Methanospirillum hungatti. | The results of morphological, base ratio, nutritional, temperature, and pH studies on a strain of Methanospirillum hungatii, isolated from an anaerobic pear waste digester, are described. The isolate, designated as strain GP 1, was compared with some of the characteristics of type-strain M. hungatii JF 1. Strain GP 1 i... | Characterization of a strain of Methanospirillum hungatti. The results of morphological, base ratio, nutritional, temperature, and pH studies on a strain of Methanospirillum hungatii, isolated from an anaerobic pear waste digester, are described. The isolate, designated as strain GP 1, was compared with some of the cha... | [
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PMID:10075 | Psychotropic drug use among women. | The consistent 2:1 ratio of women to men in the receipt of prescriptions for psychotropic drugs is reflected in the higher rates for women of neurotic illness, symptoms of both physical and mental discomfort, and help-seeking and drug-taking behaviour. Physicians' perceptions of the problems presented by their male and... | Psychotropic drug use among women. The consistent 2:1 ratio of women to men in the receipt of prescriptions for psychotropic drugs is reflected in the higher rates for women of neurotic illness, symptoms of both physical and mental discomfort, and help-seeking and drug-taking behaviour. Physicians' perceptions of the p... | [
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PMID:10076 | Adoptive immunotherapy of a Gross virus producing lymphoma and a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma in tolerant rats. | Immunological tolerance to Gross virus-specific transplantation antigens in rats given neonatae transfer of donor lymphoid cells beneath the kidney capsule of syngeneic recipient rats. Immune or normal donor cells invariably developed a cell-mediated immune reaction in kidneys of GV-tolerant recipients, presumably agai... | Adoptive immunotherapy of a Gross virus producing lymphoma and a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma in tolerant rats. Immunological tolerance to Gross virus-specific transplantation antigens in rats given neonatae transfer of donor lymphoid cells beneath the kidney capsule of syngeneic recipient rats. Immune or no... | [
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PMID:10077 | Formation in isolated rat liver microsomes and nuclei of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites that bind to DNA. | The hepatic nuclear fraction isolated from 3-methylcholanthrene (MC)-treated rats contained enhanced levels of cytochrome P-450 and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase [benzo(a)pyrene (BP) monooxygenase], whereas the activities of epoxide hydrase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-cytochrome c reductase a... | Formation in isolated rat liver microsomes and nuclei of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites that bind to DNA. The hepatic nuclear fraction isolated from 3-methylcholanthrene (MC)-treated rats contained enhanced levels of cytochrome P-450 and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase [benzo(a)pyrene (BP) monooxygenase], whereas the activiti... | [
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PMID:10078 | Nonenzymatic reduction of benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxides to trihydroxypentahydrobenzo(a)pyrenes by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. | The diol-epoxide r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene is a potent mutagen and possibly the ultimate carcinogenic form of benzo(a)pyrene. A (7/8,9)-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10,10-pentahydrobenzo(a)pyrene is formed from the diol-epoxide r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydroxybenzo(a)pyrene by... | Nonenzymatic reduction of benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxides to trihydroxypentahydrobenzo(a)pyrenes by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. The diol-epoxide r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene is a potent mutagen and possibly the ultimate carcinogenic form of benzo(a)pyrene. A (7/8,... | [
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PMID:10079 | Establishment and characterization of human neuroblastoma cell lines. | Three new tissue culture cell lines, CHP-100, CHP-126, and CHP-134, have been established from explant cultures of human neuroblastoma. The cell lines have been characterized with respect to morphology, chromosomes constitution, growth, neural enzyme content, and their ability to grow in nude mice. The cells grow as de... | Establishment and characterization of human neuroblastoma cell lines. Three new tissue culture cell lines, CHP-100, CHP-126, and CHP-134, have been established from explant cultures of human neuroblastoma. The cell lines have been characterized with respect to morphology, chromosomes constitution, growth, neural enzyme... | [
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PMID:10080 | Behavior of transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.2) and transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) Activities in normal, neoplastic, differentiating, and regenerating liver. | The objective of this investigation was to throw light on the biological behavior and metabolic regulation of hepatic enzymes of the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway. The activities of transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.2) and trasketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) Were compared in biological conditions that involve modul... | Behavior of transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.2) and transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) Activities in normal, neoplastic, differentiating, and regenerating liver. The objective of this investigation was to throw light on the biological behavior and metabolic regulation of hepatic enzymes of the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosph... | [
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PMID:10081 | L-Asparagine synthetase in serum as a marker for neoplasia. | L-Asparagine synthetase appears in serum approximately 7 days after the s.c. implantation of 1 X 10(5) cells of Leukemia 5178Y/AR (resistant to L-asparaginase) and increases in activity as the neoplasm grows and metastasizes. The principal source of the enzyme is the primary tumor. After intravranial inoculation of tum... | L-Asparagine synthetase in serum as a marker for neoplasia. L-Asparagine synthetase appears in serum approximately 7 days after the s.c. implantation of 1 X 10(5) cells of Leukemia 5178Y/AR (resistant to L-asparaginase) and increases in activity as the neoplasm grows and metastasizes. The principal source of the enzyme... | [
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PMID:10082 | The isolation of lectins on acid-treated agarose. | The ability of several D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-binding lectins to bind to Sepharose was investigated. Lectins from soybean, Wistaria floribunda, Bauhinia purpurea alba, and Sophora japonica could be isolated by affinity chromatography on acid-treated Sepharose 6B. These lectins would not bind to untrea... | The isolation of lectins on acid-treated agarose. The ability of several D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-binding lectins to bind to Sepharose was investigated. Lectins from soybean, Wistaria floribunda, Bauhinia purpurea alba, and Sophora japonica could be isolated by affinity chromatography on acid-treated Se... | [
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PMID:10085 | Identification of a ribonuclease P-like activity from human KB cells. | An endoribonuclease which cleaves tRNA precursor molecules has been partially purified from human KB tissue culture cells. This activity is found in cytoplasmic fractions but is not detectable in the nucleoplasm. tRNA precursor molecules from both E. coli and KB cells are cleaved by this novel activity to produce 5' ph... | Identification of a ribonuclease P-like activity from human KB cells. An endoribonuclease which cleaves tRNA precursor molecules has been partially purified from human KB tissue culture cells. This activity is found in cytoplasmic fractions but is not detectable in the nucleoplasm. tRNA precursor molecules from both E.... | [
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PMID:10090 | Changes in extracellular potassium activity in response to decreased pH in rabbit atrial muscle. | The extracellular and intracellular potassium (K+) activities of isolated superfused rabbit atrial muscle were measured using K+-sensitive liquid ion exchanger microelectrodes. When the pH of the bathing medium was decreased from 7.5 to 6.8, intracellular K+ activity fell and extracellular K+ activity rose from a mean ... | Changes in extracellular potassium activity in response to decreased pH in rabbit atrial muscle. The extracellular and intracellular potassium (K+) activities of isolated superfused rabbit atrial muscle were measured using K+-sensitive liquid ion exchanger microelectrodes. When the pH of the bathing medium was decrease... | [
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PMID:10091 | The use of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in differentiating liver from bone isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase. | Sixty-one patients with elevated alkaline phosphatase activity due to liver or bone diseases were studied. An attempt was made to identify the origin of the increased alkaline phosphatase by chemical inhibition, by inactivation by heat and urea, and by electrophoretic separation. The results obtained from these procedu... | The use of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in differentiating liver from bone isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase. Sixty-one patients with elevated alkaline phosphatase activity due to liver or bone diseases were studied. An attempt was made to identify the origin of the increased alkaline phosphatase by chemical inhibiti... | [
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PMID:10092 | Normal limits of urinary excretion of eleven enzymes. | Urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucinearylamidase was studies in a carefully selected group of 100 healt... | Normal limits of urinary excretion of eleven enzymes. Urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucinearylamidase ... | [
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PMID:10093 | Isolation and identification of benzodiazepine drugs and their metabolites in urine by use of Amberlite XAD-2 resin and thin-layer chromatography. | We used the method described here to detect and identify seven benzodiazepine derivatives--diazepam, chlorodiazepoxide, nitrazepam, cloxazolam, oxazolam, oxazepam, and medazepam--and their metabolites in the urine of rabbits given the seven drugs orally. We column-chromatographed 25-ml samples of urine on Amberlite XAD... | Isolation and identification of benzodiazepine drugs and their metabolites in urine by use of Amberlite XAD-2 resin and thin-layer chromatography. We used the method described here to detect and identify seven benzodiazepine derivatives--diazepam, chlorodiazepoxide, nitrazepam, cloxazolam, oxazolam, oxazepam, and medaz... | [
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PMID:10094 | Factors contributing to intra-individual variation of serum constituents: Physiological day-to-day variation in concentrations of 10 specific proteins in sera of healthy subjects. | Using an automated immunoprecipitin method, we assayed human sera for 10 proteins: haptoglobin, orosomucoid, transferrin, alpha1 antitrypsin, alpha2-macroglobulin, IgG, IGa, IgM, complement C3, and complement C4. Blood from 14 healthy subjects (25-40y) was sampled on six separate days. From each venipuncture serum was ... | Factors contributing to intra-individual variation of serum constituents: Physiological day-to-day variation in concentrations of 10 specific proteins in sera of healthy subjects. Using an automated immunoprecipitin method, we assayed human sera for 10 proteins: haptoglobin, orosomucoid, transferrin, alpha1 antitrypsin... | [
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PMID:10095 | Reaction of alkaline sodium picrate with creatinine: I. Kinetics and mechanism of formation of the mono-creatinine picric acid complex. | Spectrophotometric, kinetic, and nuclear magnetic resonance studies indicate that alkaline sodium picrate and creatinine react to form a 1/1 aduct between picric and creatinine, with a stability constant of log K= 4.26. Kinetic studies indicate that the forward reaction is first order with respect to picric acid, hydro... | Reaction of alkaline sodium picrate with creatinine: I. Kinetics and mechanism of formation of the mono-creatinine picric acid complex. Spectrophotometric, kinetic, and nuclear magnetic resonance studies indicate that alkaline sodium picrate and creatinine react to form a 1/1 aduct between picric and creatinine, with a... | [
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PMID:10098 | Long-term reproducibility of a new pH/blood-gas quality-control system compared to two other procedures. | The long-term precision and stability of a new quality-control system for blood pH and gas measurements are compared to that of tonometered bicarbonate solutions and serum-based preparations. The new system, consisting of gas-equilibrated bicarbonate solutions in glass ampuls, is shown to be as stable as the serum-base... | Long-term reproducibility of a new pH/blood-gas quality-control system compared to two other procedures. The long-term precision and stability of a new quality-control system for blood pH and gas measurements are compared to that of tonometered bicarbonate solutions and serum-based preparations. The new system, consist... | [
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PMID:10099 | Application of a vidicon spectrometer for simultaneous multicomponent drug determinations. | A rapid scanning vidicon spectrometer has been evaluated for the simultaneous determination of drugs in mixtures, without a separation step. Spectral data in the ultraviolet region are collected on-line with a small computer at repetition rates of 100 scans per second. Absorbance data at several wavelengths are process... | Application of a vidicon spectrometer for simultaneous multicomponent drug determinations. A rapid scanning vidicon spectrometer has been evaluated for the simultaneous determination of drugs in mixtures, without a separation step. Spectral data in the ultraviolet region are collected on-line with a small computer at r... | [
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PMID:10100 | A search for the best buffer to use in assaying human lactate dehydrogenase with the lactate-to-pyruvate reaction. | Highly purified human lactate dehydrogenases I and V were assayed in 17 different buffers, at a variety of reaction pH's. Diethanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol provided the best measurements of the enzyme, assayed lactate-to-pyruvate. However, the commercial preparation of 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol... | A search for the best buffer to use in assaying human lactate dehydrogenase with the lactate-to-pyruvate reaction. Highly purified human lactate dehydrogenases I and V were assayed in 17 different buffers, at a variety of reaction pH's. Diethanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol provided the best measurements ... | [
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PMID:10101 | Negative anion gap in a young adult with multiple myeloma. | A young patient with multiple myeloma was found to have a negative anion gap, with marked asymptomatic hyponatremia. The cause for his negative anion gap is thought to be the myeloma protein, which acts as a cation at physiological pH. Such a hyponatremia responds to reduction in serum concentration of paraprotein and ... | Negative anion gap in a young adult with multiple myeloma. A young patient with multiple myeloma was found to have a negative anion gap, with marked asymptomatic hyponatremia. The cause for his negative anion gap is thought to be the myeloma protein, which acts as a cation at physiological pH. Such a hyponatremia respo... | [
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PMID:10102 | Characterization of adenosine deaminase isozymes from normal human erythrocytes. | Adenosine deaminase of phenotype ADA was partially purified by chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-50 and ammonium sulphate precipitation. With DEAE-Sephadex A-50 three isozymes could be detected. a. The KM values for the substrate adenosine were found to be 30 muM for each isozyme. b. pH optimum was 7.0 and the molecular ... | Characterization of adenosine deaminase isozymes from normal human erythrocytes. Adenosine deaminase of phenotype ADA was partially purified by chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-50 and ammonium sulphate precipitation. With DEAE-Sephadex A-50 three isozymes could be detected. a. The KM values for the substrate adenosine w... | [
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PMID:10103 | An abnormal form of purine nucleoside phosphorylase in a family with a child with severe defective T-cell-and normal B-cell immunity. | 1. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were studied in normal red blood cells and lymphocytes and in the cells of a family with a child with a defective T-cell-and normal B-cell immunity. 2. In the propositus no purine nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) activity could be detected in her red cells a... | An abnormal form of purine nucleoside phosphorylase in a family with a child with severe defective T-cell-and normal B-cell immunity. 1. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were studied in normal red blood cells and lymphocytes and in the cells of a family with a child with a defective T-cell-... | [
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PMID:10104 | [Sialyltransferase in human malignant melanoma]. | A glycosyltransferase, CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid : glycoprotein sialyltransferase was found in human malignant melanoma. Activities were measured with desialized glycoprotein as an exogenous acceptor. The enzyme was characterized by means of its pH optimum, 5.5, temperature optimum, 30 degrees C, KM values, 10 muM fo... | [Sialyltransferase in human malignant melanoma]. A glycosyltransferase, CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid : glycoprotein sialyltransferase was found in human malignant melanoma. Activities were measured with desialized glycoprotein as an exogenous acceptor. The enzyme was characterized by means of its pH optimum, 5.5, temper... | [
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PMID:10105 | Gamma-Glutamyl-3-carboxy-14-nitroanilide: the substrate of choice for routine determinations of gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity in serum? | Gamma-Glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide has been tested as donor substrate in the assay of gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in serum, glycylglycine being used as acceptor substrate. This donor substrate is highly solube even in neutral solutions, in contrast to the commonly used gamma-glutamyl-4-nitroanilide. The enz... | Gamma-Glutamyl-3-carboxy-14-nitroanilide: the substrate of choice for routine determinations of gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity in serum? Gamma-Glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide has been tested as donor substrate in the assay of gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in serum, glycylglycine being used as acceptor subst... | [
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PMID:10106 | Serum gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in epileptics receiving anticonvulsant therapy. | 1. Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (gammaGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities have been estimated in 49 epileptic patients taking anticonvulsant drugs. 2. Serum gammaGT activity was clearly elevated in 12 of the patients and borderline in 8, giving a 40% frequency of abnormal values. 3. Total serum ALP activi... | Serum gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in epileptics receiving anticonvulsant therapy. 1. Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (gammaGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities have been estimated in 49 epileptic patients taking anticonvulsant drugs. 2. Serum gammaGT activity was clearly ele... | [
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PMID:10108 | Determination of isoenzyme contents of lactic dehydrogenase activity and 2-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase activity in lactic dehydrogenase preparations. | In this inestigation, a determination of the isoenzyme contents of LDH and HBD activities in lactate dehydrogenase preparations and the differences in the interaction of these preparations with NAD analogues were examined. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The activity ratio between oxidation and reduction in LD... | Determination of isoenzyme contents of lactic dehydrogenase activity and 2-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase activity in lactic dehydrogenase preparations. In this inestigation, a determination of the isoenzyme contents of LDH and HBD activities in lactate dehydrogenase preparations and the differences in the interaction of... | [
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PMID:10109 | beta-Glucuronidase and oestrogens in hydatidiform mole. | The activity of beta-glucuronidase (beta-D-glucuronide glycuronohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.31) in placental and hydatidiform mole tissue and in sera from non-pregnant, normal and molar pregnant women was determined. The oestrogen concentrations in the two solid tissues were also assayed. Significant differences were found in ... | beta-Glucuronidase and oestrogens in hydatidiform mole. The activity of beta-glucuronidase (beta-D-glucuronide glycuronohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.31) in placental and hydatidiform mole tissue and in sera from non-pregnant, normal and molar pregnant women was determined. The oestrogen concentrations in the two solid tissues w... | [
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PMID:10110 | Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and physical exercise. | The immediate and delayed influence of exercise of variable type, duration and intensity on the serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity (gamma-GT) has been examined in athletes and untrained persons. The possible effects of exercise-induced changes in other parameters (plasma free glutamate, serum triglyceride, ha... | Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and physical exercise. The immediate and delayed influence of exercise of variable type, duration and intensity on the serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity (gamma-GT) has been examined in athletes and untrained persons. The possible effects of exercise-induced changes in othe... | [
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PMID:10112 | A simple, rapid method for prenatal detection of defects in propionate metabolism. | Incorporation of radiolabel from propionate-1(-14)C into protein (TCA insoluble material) in fibroblasts or amniotic fluid cells, provides a rapid, simple means of detecting fetuses with inborn errors of propionate metabolism using small numbers of cells. Controls were easily differentiated from mutant lines over diffe... | A simple, rapid method for prenatal detection of defects in propionate metabolism. Incorporation of radiolabel from propionate-1(-14)C into protein (TCA insoluble material) in fibroblasts or amniotic fluid cells, provides a rapid, simple means of detecting fetuses with inborn errors of propionate metabolism using small... | [
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PMID:10113 | Effects of morphine on brain histamine, antinociception and activity in mice. | 1. The effect of morphine on the histamine content of the mouse brain has been investigated. The changes in the brain histamine level have been related to morphine-induced analgesia and morphine-induced changes in locomotor activity. 2. With doses of morphine between 1 and 5 mg/kg there was a significant increase in hi... | Effects of morphine on brain histamine, antinociception and activity in mice. 1. The effect of morphine on the histamine content of the mouse brain has been investigated. The changes in the brain histamine level have been related to morphine-induced analgesia and morphine-induced changes in locomotor activity. 2. With ... | [
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PMID:10115 | The influence of histamine on epithelial cell proliferation in the jejunum of the rat. | 1. The influence of histamine and histamine receptor blockade on the mitotic rate in epithelial cell proliferation in epithelial cells lining the crypts of Lieberkühn in rat jejunum was studied. 2. Histamine injection resulted in an increase in the mitotic rate. This increase in mitotic rate was blocked by metiamide bu... | The influence of histamine on epithelial cell proliferation in the jejunum of the rat. 1. The influence of histamine and histamine receptor blockade on the mitotic rate in epithelial cell proliferation in epithelial cells lining the crypts of Lieberkühn in rat jejunum was studied. 2. Histamine injection resulted in an ... | [
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PMID:10116 | Comparison of the bromureide sedative-hypnotic drugs, bromvaletone (bromisoval) and carbromal, and their chloro analogues in mice. | 1. The central depressant effects of bromvaletone, carbromal and six non-bromo analogues were compared in mice. 2. The chloro analogues of bromvaletone and carbromal were slightly less potent as central depressant agents than the bromo compounds. 3. The chloro analogue of bromvaletone had the greatest margin between ce... | Comparison of the bromureide sedative-hypnotic drugs, bromvaletone (bromisoval) and carbromal, and their chloro analogues in mice. 1. The central depressant effects of bromvaletone, carbromal and six non-bromo analogues were compared in mice. 2. The chloro analogues of bromvaletone and carbromal were slightly less pote... | [
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PMID:10117 | Saturable metabolic pathways for ethotoin in man. | 1. The urinary excretion pattern of ethotoin and five metabolites were examined in three patients receiving continuous treatment with ethotoin at two dose levels, in order to investigate the mechanism behind the dose-dependent kinetics of this anticonvulsant drug. 2. The results suggest a partial saturation in the deal... | Saturable metabolic pathways for ethotoin in man. 1. The urinary excretion pattern of ethotoin and five metabolites were examined in three patients receiving continuous treatment with ethotoin at two dose levels, in order to investigate the mechanism behind the dose-dependent kinetics of this anticonvulsant drug. 2. Th... | [
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PMID:10114 | Adrenergic factors influencing the mitotic rate in stratified squamous epithelium of the buccal mucosa of the rat. | 1. An in vivo stathmokinetic technique was used to determine the immediate effect of various adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on the mitotic rate in the stratified squamous epithelium of the rat buccal mucosa. 2. The mitotic rate increased significantly in rats treated with propranolol and with practolol, whereas ... | Adrenergic factors influencing the mitotic rate in stratified squamous epithelium of the buccal mucosa of the rat. 1. An in vivo stathmokinetic technique was used to determine the immediate effect of various adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on the mitotic rate in the stratified squamous epithelium of the rat bucca... | [
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PMID:10121 | Absorption and malabsorption of folates. | Folic acid is one of the 'younger' vitamins, yet it has attracted intensive study in the thirty years since the identification of pteroylglutamic acid and its polyglutamyl conjugates. The absorption and malabsorption of folates, natural, purified and synthetic, in disease has been studied more than any other vitamin an... | Absorption and malabsorption of folates. Folic acid is one of the 'younger' vitamins, yet it has attracted intensive study in the thirty years since the identification of pteroylglutamic acid and its polyglutamyl conjugates. The absorption and malabsorption of folates, natural, purified and synthetic, in disease has be... | [
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PMID:10122 | Vitamin B12--folate interrelations. | Megaloblastic anaemia is due to a derangement of DNA synthesis caused by insufficient supply of one or other of the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) precursors of DNA synthesis or by direct inhibition of one or other DNA polymerase. Reduced supply of the pyrimidine deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) may be ... | Vitamin B12--folate interrelations. Megaloblastic anaemia is due to a derangement of DNA synthesis caused by insufficient supply of one or other of the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) precursors of DNA synthesis or by direct inhibition of one or other DNA polymerase. Reduced supply of the pyrimidine deoxyt... | [
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PMID:10123 | Effect of sulfasalazine on digoxin bioavailability. | Low levels of digoxin were noted in a patient receiving digoxin and sulfasalazine (SSA). Discontinuation of SSA resulted in a significant increase in serum digoxin levels. To determine whether or not SSA consistently interfered with the therapeutic effect of digoxin, both drugs were administered to 10 normal subjects i... | Effect of sulfasalazine on digoxin bioavailability. Low levels of digoxin were noted in a patient receiving digoxin and sulfasalazine (SSA). Discontinuation of SSA resulted in a significant increase in serum digoxin levels. To determine whether or not SSA consistently interfered with the therapeutic effect of digoxin, ... | [
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PMID:10118 | The influence of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on accommodation of the lens. | 1. A study of the influence of single oral doses of the adrenergic-beta-receptor anatagonists alprenolol (100 mg) and propranolol (50 mg) on the accommodation of the lens was made in six healthy male subjects. 2. There was no significant influence of either drug on lens accommodation. | The influence of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on accommodation of the lens. 1. A study of the influence of single oral doses of the adrenergic-beta-receptor anatagonists alprenolol (100 mg) and propranolol (50 mg) on the accommodation of the lens was made in six healthy male subjects. 2. There was no significant influ... | [
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PMID:10124 | Pharmacokinetics of oxprenolol in normal subjects. | The effect of oxprenolol administered intravenously (10 and 20 mg) and orally (20, 40, 80, and 160 mg) on plasma concentrations of the drug, resting heart rate, exercise-induced tachycardia, and arterial blood pressure was assessed as a function of time in 6 healthy subjects. The pharmacokinetics of oxprenolol followin... | Pharmacokinetics of oxprenolol in normal subjects. The effect of oxprenolol administered intravenously (10 and 20 mg) and orally (20, 40, 80, and 160 mg) on plasma concentrations of the drug, resting heart rate, exercise-induced tachycardia, and arterial blood pressure was assessed as a function of time in 6 healthy su... | [
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PMID:10125 | Clinical pharmacologic observations on atenolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocker. | The effects of oral and intravenous administration of atenolol were studied in healthy volunteers. The oral administration of a series of single doses of atenolol reduced an exercise tachycardia. After a 200-mg dose, the effect on an exercise tachycardia was maximal at 3 hr and declined linearly with time at a rate of ... | Clinical pharmacologic observations on atenolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocker. The effects of oral and intravenous administration of atenolol were studied in healthy volunteers. The oral administration of a series of single doses of atenolol reduced an exercise tachycardia. After a 200-mg dose, the effect on an exercise... | [
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PMID:10126 | Psychiatric sequelae of phencyclidine abuse. | Phencyclidine use has been noted to produce a psychosis of several week's duration in a small fraction of users. Descriptions of the premorbid personalities of those who became psychotic resemble descriptions of LSD and marijuana users who experienced prolonged psychiatric difficulty. In addition, the psychosis produce... | Psychiatric sequelae of phencyclidine abuse. Phencyclidine use has been noted to produce a psychosis of several week's duration in a small fraction of users. Descriptions of the premorbid personalities of those who became psychotic resemble descriptions of LSD and marijuana users who experienced prolonged psychiatric d... | [
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PMID:10134 | Intrarenal arterial aneurysms. | Intraparenchymal renal aneurysms have been reported with increasing frequency; yet, to our knowledge, this subject has not been reviewed in radiologic literature. The spectrum of such aneurysms includes congenital aneurysms, those secondary to disease usually affecting the main renal arteries, those associated with ren... | Intrarenal arterial aneurysms. Intraparenchymal renal aneurysms have been reported with increasing frequency; yet, to our knowledge, this subject has not been reviewed in radiologic literature. The spectrum of such aneurysms includes congenital aneurysms, those secondary to disease usually affecting the main renal arte... | [
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PMID:10136 | Relationship between pulmonary hemodynamics and arterial pH and carbon dioxide tension in critically ill patients. | To ascertain the clinical significance of derangements in arterial pH and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) in modifying pulmonary arterial pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance in critically ill patients, the relationship between these two sets of variables was evaluated in 75 patients. No significant diff... | Relationship between pulmonary hemodynamics and arterial pH and carbon dioxide tension in critically ill patients. To ascertain the clinical significance of derangements in arterial pH and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) in modifying pulmonary arterial pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance in critically i... | [
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PMID:10139 | Polyamines and drug oxidations. | The addition of spermine or of spermidine to rat liver assay systems produced marked changes in a number of microsomal drug oxidations. The hydroxylation of aniline and the N-demethylation of ethylmorphine were both enhanced with concentrations of 1-10 mM spermine or of spermidine. The results with putrescine on ethylm... | Polyamines and drug oxidations. The addition of spermine or of spermidine to rat liver assay systems produced marked changes in a number of microsomal drug oxidations. The hydroxylation of aniline and the N-demethylation of ethylmorphine were both enhanced with concentrations of 1-10 mM spermine or of spermidine. The r... | [
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PMID:10140 | Drug biotransformation in microsomes from the fetal stumptailed macaque, Macaca arctoides: hepatic N-demethylation. | The kinetics of the N-demethylation of benzphetamine, ethylmorphine, meperidine, and methadone have been studied in microsomes isolated from livers of the fetal stumptailed macaque (Macaca arctoides) during the last third of gestation. The apparent KM for each substrate did not change during this time period. Values we... | Drug biotransformation in microsomes from the fetal stumptailed macaque, Macaca arctoides: hepatic N-demethylation. The kinetics of the N-demethylation of benzphetamine, ethylmorphine, meperidine, and methadone have been studied in microsomes isolated from livers of the fetal stumptailed macaque (Macaca arctoides) duri... | [
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PMID:10141 | N-Hydroxylation of phenacetin by hamster liver microsomes. | Hamster liver microsomes have been shown to catalyze the N-hydroxylation of phenacetin. The reaction, which requires oxygen and NADPH, is inhibited by a carbon monoxide/oxygen atmosphere, indicating that it is catalyzed by a cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed-function oxidase. The N-hydroxyphenacetin can be further metab... | N-Hydroxylation of phenacetin by hamster liver microsomes. Hamster liver microsomes have been shown to catalyze the N-hydroxylation of phenacetin. The reaction, which requires oxygen and NADPH, is inhibited by a carbon monoxide/oxygen atmosphere, indicating that it is catalyzed by a cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed-fun... | [
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PMID:10142 | Properties of microsomal enzyme systems that reduce N-hydroxyphentermine. | The reduction of N-hydroxyphentermine was studied in liver microsomes isolated from rat, guinea pig, and rabbit. The reduction requires a NADPH-generating system and was inhibited by oxygen and carbon monoxide. In the rat, the reduction was increased by phenobarbital pretreatment. Kinetic analysis of the reductase acti... | Properties of microsomal enzyme systems that reduce N-hydroxyphentermine. The reduction of N-hydroxyphentermine was studied in liver microsomes isolated from rat, guinea pig, and rabbit. The reduction requires a NADPH-generating system and was inhibited by oxygen and carbon monoxide. In the rat, the reduction was incre... | [
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PMID:10143 | Cytochrome P-450 content and mixed-function oxidase activity in microsomes isolated from mouse skin. | A microsomal fraction, prepared from mouse skin, catalyzed the hydroxylation of benzpyrene and aniline and the deethylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin. Contamination of the preparation by cytochrome oxidase and cytochrome P-420 was determined by spectral analysis. The enzyme activities studied in mouse skin (Swiss-Webster CD-... | Cytochrome P-450 content and mixed-function oxidase activity in microsomes isolated from mouse skin. A microsomal fraction, prepared from mouse skin, catalyzed the hydroxylation of benzpyrene and aniline and the deethylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin. Contamination of the preparation by cytochrome oxidase and cytochrome P-42... | [
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PMID:10144 | Preservation of various microsomal drug metabolizing components in tissue preparations from the livers, lungs, and small intestines of rodents. | The livers, lungs, and small intestines of untreated rabbits and the livers of control rats were stored intact, or as microsomal suspensions, under liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees C. Aniline hydroxylase, aminopyrine demethylase, benzpyrene hydroxylase, biphenyl hydroxylase, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, UDP-glucuronylt... | Preservation of various microsomal drug metabolizing components in tissue preparations from the livers, lungs, and small intestines of rodents. The livers, lungs, and small intestines of untreated rabbits and the livers of control rats were stored intact, or as microsomal suspensions, under liquid nitrogen at -196 degr... | [
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PMID:10145 | Role of blood flow in carbon monoxide- and hypoxic hypoxia-induced alterations in hexobarbital metabolism in rats. | The flow dependency of hepatic hexobarbital metabolism was examined in the isolated perfused rat liver. At low flow rates (0.5-1.0 ml/min/g of liver) hexobarbital clearance was found to depend on perfusion fluid flow, whereas at higher flow rates drug clearnace approached flow independence. Calculation of the in vivo h... | Role of blood flow in carbon monoxide- and hypoxic hypoxia-induced alterations in hexobarbital metabolism in rats. The flow dependency of hepatic hexobarbital metabolism was examined in the isolated perfused rat liver. At low flow rates (0.5-1.0 ml/min/g of liver) hexobarbital clearance was found to depend on perfusion... | [
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PMID:10146 | The time course of tolmetin and its metabolites in the plasma of individual rats and mice. | Tolmetin, 1-methyl-(5-p-toluoyl)pyrrole-2-acetic acid, is a new, nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent. After oral administration of tolmetin-14C to rats and mice, sequential microsamples of blood were obtained from the ophthalmic venous plexus via the orbital sinus. Plasma was collected after centrifugation, and micro... | The time course of tolmetin and its metabolites in the plasma of individual rats and mice. Tolmetin, 1-methyl-(5-p-toluoyl)pyrrole-2-acetic acid, is a new, nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent. After oral administration of tolmetin-14C to rats and mice, sequential microsamples of blood were obtained from the ophthalmi... | [
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PMID:10147 | The urinary excretion profiles of naltrexone in man, monkey, rabbit, and rat. | A gas-chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of naltrexone, alpha-naltrexol, and beta-naltrexol as trimethylsiyl derivatives. Analysis of urine from rabbit, monkey, and rat demonstrated that, like man, these species reduce naltrexone primarily to beta-naltrexol. In naltrexone maint... | The urinary excretion profiles of naltrexone in man, monkey, rabbit, and rat. A gas-chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of naltrexone, alpha-naltrexol, and beta-naltrexol as trimethylsiyl derivatives. Analysis of urine from rabbit, monkey, and rat demonstrated that, like man, th... | [
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PMID:10148 | The biotransformation of (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy) acetic acid (MK-196) in the chimpanzee. | The metabolism of a novel polyvalent saluretic agent (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid (MK-196) was studied in the chimpanzee. Following oral administration, 50% of the radioactive dose was recovered in the urine in four days; 8-14% of the dose was excreted as unchanged drug. The fecal spec... | The biotransformation of (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy) acetic acid (MK-196) in the chimpanzee. The metabolism of a novel polyvalent saluretic agent (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid (MK-196) was studied in the chimpanzee. Following oral administration, 50% of the radio... | [
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PMID:10152 | [A new immunochemical tube test for pregnancy, using the principle of the latex-agglutination inhibition reaction. I. Basic studies (author's transl)]. | In a joint study of five laboratories the immunochemical tube test for pregnancy 'Roche', which uses the principle of the latex-agglutination inhibition test, was examined. A total of 1117 samples, complemented by a number of laboratory studies, proved that the test is specific, reproducible and low in interference wit... | [A new immunochemical tube test for pregnancy, using the principle of the latex-agglutination inhibition reaction. I. Basic studies (author's transl)]. In a joint study of five laboratories the immunochemical tube test for pregnancy 'Roche', which uses the principle of the latex-agglutination inhibition test, was exami... | [
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PMID:10149 | The physiological disposition of the uricosuric-saluretic agent (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid (MK-196) in the rat, dog, and monkey. | The physiological disposition of a new saluretic-uricosuric agent, (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid (MK-196), was studied in the rat, dog, and monkey. MK-196 was well absorbed and showed minimal metabolism in these species. Peak plasma levels of radioactivity and drug occurred 0.5-2 hr aft... | The physiological disposition of the uricosuric-saluretic agent (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid (MK-196) in the rat, dog, and monkey. The physiological disposition of a new saluretic-uricosuric agent, (6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-phenyl-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid (MK-196), was studied in ... | [
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PMID:10153 | Antianxiety drugs: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use. | It is difficult to choose among the many drugs advocated for treating anxiety symptoms. The barbiturates were the most commonly used antianxiety agents until recently but are being superseded by the benzodiazepines. The latter are more effective than the barbiturates as shown in comparative clinical trials, they are sa... | Antianxiety drugs: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use. It is difficult to choose among the many drugs advocated for treating anxiety symptoms. The barbiturates were the most commonly used antianxiety agents until recently but are being superseded by the benzodiazepines. The latter are more effective than the bar... | [
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PMID:10150 | Biliary copper excretion in the rat is enhanced by spironolactone. | Tissue distribution and excretion (urinary, fecal, and biliary) of an intravenous bolus of 64Cu(NO3)2 were measured in rats pretreated with spironolactone and in controls. Intact animals pretreated with spironolactone excreted 10% more of a standard intravenous injection of copper in the first 24 hr than did controls. ... | Biliary copper excretion in the rat is enhanced by spironolactone. Tissue distribution and excretion (urinary, fecal, and biliary) of an intravenous bolus of 64Cu(NO3)2 were measured in rats pretreated with spironolactone and in controls. Intact animals pretreated with spironolactone excreted 10% more of a standard int... | [
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PMID:10155 | An equine cryptorchid with testicular and ovarian tissues. | Cytogenetic and histological studies were carried out on an intersex horse which was diagnosed clinically as a cryptorchid. Surgery confirmed the horse to be a bilateral abdominal cryptorchid and histological examination revealed ovarian tissue associated with the left epididymis. Chromosome analysis of cultured cells ... | An equine cryptorchid with testicular and ovarian tissues. Cytogenetic and histological studies were carried out on an intersex horse which was diagnosed clinically as a cryptorchid. Surgery confirmed the horse to be a bilateral abdominal cryptorchid and histological examination revealed ovarian tissue associated with ... | [
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PMID:10151 | The secretion of methadone and its major metabolite in the gastric juice of humans: comparison with blood and salivary concentrations. | Four healthy subjects and four addicts on high daily maintenance doses of methadone each received a parenteral dose of methadone hydrochloride following an overnight fast. The concentration of methadone in blood was compared with that in the gastric juice obtained over 8 hr by continuous low-pressure suction via a naso... | The secretion of methadone and its major metabolite in the gastric juice of humans: comparison with blood and salivary concentrations. Four healthy subjects and four addicts on high daily maintenance doses of methadone each received a parenteral dose of methadone hydrochloride following an overnight fast. The concentra... | [
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PMID:10157 | Red cell hemoglobin, hydrogen ion and electrolyte concentrations during exercise in trained and untrained subjects. | Red cell concentrations of hemoglobin (MCHC), H+, Na+, K+, Mg++, cl- were measured in femoral venous blood of six untrained (UT), six endurance trained (TR) and three semitrained (ST) subjects during graded increasing work (4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 mkp/s, 10-15 min on each step) on a bicycle ergometer. Before exercise no si... | Red cell hemoglobin, hydrogen ion and electrolyte concentrations during exercise in trained and untrained subjects. Red cell concentrations of hemoglobin (MCHC), H+, Na+, K+, Mg++, cl- were measured in femoral venous blood of six untrained (UT), six endurance trained (TR) and three semitrained (ST) subjects during grad... | [
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PMID:10158 | Binding of carbon monoxide to alpha-hemocyanin and beta-hemocyanin from Helix pomatia. | The binding of carbon monoxide to alpha and beta-hemocyanin from the snail Helix pomatia was studied under equilibrium conditions. Homotropic interactions upon carbon monoxide binding were much weaker than upon the binding of oxygen. Heterotropic interactions (Bohr effect and calcium-ion effect), however, were just as ... | Binding of carbon monoxide to alpha-hemocyanin and beta-hemocyanin from Helix pomatia. The binding of carbon monoxide to alpha and beta-hemocyanin from the snail Helix pomatia was studied under equilibrium conditions. Homotropic interactions upon carbon monoxide binding were much weaker than upon the binding of oxygen.... | [
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PMID:10159 | Studies on the kinetic effects of adenosine-3':5'-monophosphate-dependent phosphorylation of purified pig-liver pyruvate kinase type L. | The effect of cyclic-AMP-dependent phosphorylation on the activity of isolated pig liver pyruvate kinase was studied. It was found that the major kinetic effect of the phosphorylation was to reduce the affinity for the substrate phosphoenolpyruvate, K0.5 for this substrate increasing from 0.3 to 0.9 mM upon phosphoryla... | Studies on the kinetic effects of adenosine-3':5'-monophosphate-dependent phosphorylation of purified pig-liver pyruvate kinase type L. The effect of cyclic-AMP-dependent phosphorylation on the activity of isolated pig liver pyruvate kinase was studied. It was found that the major kinetic effect of the phosphorylation ... | [
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PMID:10160 | Efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and energy dissipation by H+ ion recycling in rat-liver mitochondrial metabolizing pyruvate. | A method was developed for the calculation of metabolic fluxes through individual enzymatic reactions of pyruvate metabolism including the citric acid cycle in rat liver mitochondrial incubated at metabolic states between state 4 and state 3. This method is based on the measurement of the specific radioactivities of th... | Efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and energy dissipation by H+ ion recycling in rat-liver mitochondrial metabolizing pyruvate. A method was developed for the calculation of metabolic fluxes through individual enzymatic reactions of pyruvate metabolism including the citric acid cycle in rat liver mitochondrial inc... | [
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PMID:10161 | Membrane-bound DD-carboxypeptidase and transpeptidase activities from Bacillus megaterium KM at pH 7. General properties, substrate specificity and inhibition by beta-lactam antibiotics. | 1. The membranes from Bacillus megaterium KM contained a DD-carboxypeptidase with optimum activity under the following conditions: pH 7; ionic strength, 1.3 M; temperature, 40 degrees C and below 20 degrees C. It did not require any divalent cation, but was inactivated by Cu2+ and Hg2+. It was stimulated by 2-mercaptoe... | Membrane-bound DD-carboxypeptidase and transpeptidase activities from Bacillus megaterium KM at pH 7. General properties, substrate specificity and inhibition by beta-lactam antibiotics. 1. The membranes from Bacillus megaterium KM contained a DD-carboxypeptidase with optimum activity under the following conditions: pH... | [
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PMID:10162 | Kinetic investigation of the staphylococcal protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of synthetic substrates. | In investigating the staphylococcal protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-L-glutamate alpha-phenyl ester, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamate alpha-phenyl ester and N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamate alpha-p-nitroanilide, we obtained kinetic evidence consistent with the formation of an acyl-enzyme intermediat... | Kinetic investigation of the staphylococcal protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of synthetic substrates. In investigating the staphylococcal protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-L-glutamate alpha-phenyl ester, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamate alpha-phenyl ester and N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamate alpha-p-nit... | [
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PMID:10164 | Plasma and brain amino acids in fulminant hepatic failure and their relationship to hepatic encephalopathy. | Amino acid concentrations were determined in plasma, whole blood, cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue of 45 patients with grade 3 or 4 coma due to fulminant hepatic failure. The concentration of 15 of the 19 amino acids determined were significantly increased in blood and the increases were greatest for the amino acid... | Plasma and brain amino acids in fulminant hepatic failure and their relationship to hepatic encephalopathy. Amino acid concentrations were determined in plasma, whole blood, cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue of 45 patients with grade 3 or 4 coma due to fulminant hepatic failure. The concentration of 15 of the 19 ami... | [
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PMID:10165 | Serum concentrations of methaqualone after repeated oral doses of a combination formulation to human subjects. | Concentrations of methaqualone have been measured in the serum of five male human subjects receiving five consecutive evening doses of a combination formulation containing methaqualone (250 mg), carbromal (300 mg) and benactyzine (0.33 mg) in each tablet. After administration of the first dose, mean peak serum concentr... | Serum concentrations of methaqualone after repeated oral doses of a combination formulation to human subjects. Concentrations of methaqualone have been measured in the serum of five male human subjects receiving five consecutive evening doses of a combination formulation containing methaqualone (250 mg), carbromal (300... | [
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PMID:10166 | The immunological properties of haptens coupled to thymus-independent carrier molecules. III. The role of the immunogenicity and mitogenicity of the carrier in the induction of primary IgM anti-hapten responses. | Hapten (DNP-lys) conjugates of two putatively nonimmunogenic polymers, hyalutonic acid and poly-gamma-D-glutamic acid, induce significant primary IgM anti-DNP responses in C3H mice. Preparations of various immunogenic (Type 3 pneumococcal polysaccharide (SIII), levan, E. coli lipopolysaccharide) and nonimmunogenic (hya... | The immunological properties of haptens coupled to thymus-independent carrier molecules. III. The role of the immunogenicity and mitogenicity of the carrier in the induction of primary IgM anti-hapten responses. Hapten (DNP-lys) conjugates of two putatively nonimmunogenic polymers, hyalutonic acid and poly-gamma-D-glut... | [
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PMID:10167 | B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. I. Comparison of the dose and epitope density requirements for inactivation of primed and unprimed B cells in vivo. | Hapten [2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)]-specific tolerance was induced in nonimmune or DNP-hemocyanin (DNP-KLH) primed mice by administering hapten-conjugated type 3 pneumococcal polysaccharide (DNP-lys-S3). The dose of DNP-lys2.5-S3 required to suppress the primary anti-DNP antibody responses was approximately ten times high... | B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. I. Comparison of the dose and epitope density requirements for inactivation of primed and unprimed B cells in vivo. Hapten [2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)]-specific tolerance was induced in nonimmune or DNP-hemocyanin (DNP-KLH) primed mice by administering hapten-conjugated type... | [
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PMID:10168 | B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. II. Effects of tolerance on hapten-binding lymphocyte levels in primary and secondary antibody responses. | Tolerogenic doses of hapten [2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)]-coupled type 3 pneumococcal polysaccharide (DNP-lys2.5-S3) totally abolished the anti-DNP rosette-forming cell (RFC) response to primary immunization with DNP-hemocyanin in mice, while lightly substituted antigen (DNP-lys0.6-S3) had little effect. Both antigens supp... | B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. II. Effects of tolerance on hapten-binding lymphocyte levels in primary and secondary antibody responses. Tolerogenic doses of hapten [2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)]-coupled type 3 pneumococcal polysaccharide (DNP-lys2.5-S3) totally abolished the anti-DNP rosette-forming cell (... | [
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PMID:10169 | Recruitment of effector lymphocytes by initiator lymphocytes. In vivo migration of in vitro sensitized initiator T lymphocytes. | We previously found that mouse T lymphocytes sensitized in vitro against allo- or syngeneic fibroblasts, upon injection into syngeneic recipients, do not themselves differentiate into effector cells, but recruit effector T lymphocytes within the draining lymph nodes. As a result of sensitization, these initiator lympho... | Recruitment of effector lymphocytes by initiator lymphocytes. In vivo migration of in vitro sensitized initiator T lymphocytes. We previously found that mouse T lymphocytes sensitized in vitro against allo- or syngeneic fibroblasts, upon injection into syngeneic recipients, do not themselves differentiate into effector... | [
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PMID:10170 | Immunologic induction of reticulum cell sarcoma: donor-type lymphomas in the graft-versus-host model. | The aim of this study was to investigate malignant lymphomas of donor origin induced in F1 mice undergoing a chronic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) after injection of parental strain spleen cells. A total of 3 X 10(8) or 4 X 10(8) C57BL/10 spleen cells were administered to 7-8-week-old H-2 incompatible (C57BL/10 X H... | Immunologic induction of reticulum cell sarcoma: donor-type lymphomas in the graft-versus-host model. The aim of this study was to investigate malignant lymphomas of donor origin induced in F1 mice undergoing a chronic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) after injection of parental strain spleen cells. A total of 3 X 10(... | [
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PMID:10171 | Graft-versus-host reaction induced by Peyer's patches. | Parental Peyer's patches were implanted into the anterior hepatic lobe of F1 hybrid rats. Using conventional histological techniques, phenomena typical of a graft-versus-host reaction were observed, such as paravascular lymphoid infiltration in the liver, cellular depletion of the thymus-dependent areas of spleen, and ... | Graft-versus-host reaction induced by Peyer's patches. Parental Peyer's patches were implanted into the anterior hepatic lobe of F1 hybrid rats. Using conventional histological techniques, phenomena typical of a graft-versus-host reaction were observed, such as paravascular lymphoid infiltration in the liver, cellular ... | [
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PMID:10172 | Role of epitope density in the induction of immunity and tolerance with thymus-independent antigens. I. Studies with 2,4-dinitrophenyl conjugates in vitro. | The effect of different degrees of conjugation of levan, dextran, pneumococcal polysaccharide SIII and the copolymer of D-glutamic acid and D-lysine with the 2,4-dinitrophenyl determinant (DNP) on the immunogenic and tolerogenic capacity of its haptenic conjugates was investigated in vitro. A strikingly uniform effect ... | Role of epitope density in the induction of immunity and tolerance with thymus-independent antigens. I. Studies with 2,4-dinitrophenyl conjugates in vitro. The effect of different degrees of conjugation of levan, dextran, pneumococcal polysaccharide SIII and the copolymer of D-glutamic acid and D-lysine with the 2,4-di... | [
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PMID:10173 | Effect of antipsychotic drugs on the firing of dorsal raphe cells. I. Role of adrenergic system. | The activity of serotonergic (5HT) neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus was inhibited by the i.v. administration of certain antipsychotic drugs (methiothepin, clozapine and thioridazine). However, other antipsychotic agents (chlorpromazine, haloperidol and pimozide) did not inhibit raphe cell firing. The inhibitory pote... | Effect of antipsychotic drugs on the firing of dorsal raphe cells. I. Role of adrenergic system. The activity of serotonergic (5HT) neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus was inhibited by the i.v. administration of certain antipsychotic drugs (methiothepin, clozapine and thioridazine). However, other antipsychotic agents ... | [
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PMID:10174 | Effect of antipsychotic drugs on the firing of dorsal raphe cells. II. Reversal by picrotoxin. | As reported in the preceding study, the ability of certain antipsychotic and adrenolytic agents to inhibit the spontaneous firing of serotonergic 5HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus appeared to be related to adrenergic blocking efficacy. However, the interaction between adrenergic and serotonergic systems was appar... | Effect of antipsychotic drugs on the firing of dorsal raphe cells. II. Reversal by picrotoxin. As reported in the preceding study, the ability of certain antipsychotic and adrenolytic agents to inhibit the spontaneous firing of serotonergic 5HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus appeared to be related to adrenergic bl... | [
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PMID:10176 | Regulation of enzymes of ethanol metabolism in yeast (Rhodotorula gracilis). | The three enzymes of ethanol metabolism alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA synthetase in the obligate aerobic yeast Rhodotorula gracilis are repressed by glucose and induced by C2 metabolic fuels with a regulatory pattern indicating a correlation in the control mechanisms. To try an identifica... | Regulation of enzymes of ethanol metabolism in yeast (Rhodotorula gracilis). The three enzymes of ethanol metabolism alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA synthetase in the obligate aerobic yeast Rhodotorula gracilis are repressed by glucose and induced by C2 metabolic fuels with a regulatory pat... | [
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PMID:10178 | Lipoperoxidation rates and drug-oxidizing enzyme activities in the liver and placenta of some mammal species during the perinatal period. | Lipoperoxidation and drug-metabolizing enzymes were measured in livers and placentas of different mammal species during the perinatal perios. In placentas and fetal livers of rat, rabbit and guinea-pig, cofactor-supported lipoperoxidation was negligible, as were the activities of drug-oxidizing enzymes. Human fetal liv... | Lipoperoxidation rates and drug-oxidizing enzyme activities in the liver and placenta of some mammal species during the perinatal period. Lipoperoxidation and drug-metabolizing enzymes were measured in livers and placentas of different mammal species during the perinatal perios. In placentas and fetal livers of rat, ra... | [
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PMID:10179 | Similarities between sodium channels in excitable membranes and in epithelia. | The inhibitory effects of the pyrazine derivative, amiloride, on sodium transport in an amphibian epithelium has been studied as a function of pH. It is concluded that the charged (guanidinium) group interacts with a negatively charged acid grouping in the membrane. Similarities between sodium channels in excitable mem... | Similarities between sodium channels in excitable membranes and in epithelia. The inhibitory effects of the pyrazine derivative, amiloride, on sodium transport in an amphibian epithelium has been studied as a function of pH. It is concluded that the charged (guanidinium) group interacts with a negatively charged acid g... | [
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PMID:10180 | Different types of synaptic vesicles in axons of the retractor penis muscle of the bull. | Three types of axon profiles were observed in the smooth muscle of the retractor penis and the penile artery of the bull: 1. profiles containing small granular vesicles, presumably representing adrenergic axons; 2. profiles containing small agranular vesicles, presumably representing cholinergic axons; 3. profiles cont... | Different types of synaptic vesicles in axons of the retractor penis muscle of the bull. Three types of axon profiles were observed in the smooth muscle of the retractor penis and the penile artery of the bull: 1. profiles containing small granular vesicles, presumably representing adrenergic axons; 2. profiles contain... | [
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PMID:10215 | Properties of renin granules isolated from rat kidney. | Renin granules from rat kidney prepared at 25 degrees C show greater stability at 25 degrees C than at 0 degrees C when incubated in ionic medium. The sum of the renin in the supernatant fluid plus that in the pellet was the same at 25 degrees C as at 0 degrees C, thus ruling out the possibility that the extra release ... | Properties of renin granules isolated from rat kidney. Renin granules from rat kidney prepared at 25 degrees C show greater stability at 25 degrees C than at 0 degrees C when incubated in ionic medium. The sum of the renin in the supernatant fluid plus that in the pellet was the same at 25 degrees C as at 0 degrees C, ... | [
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PMID:10217 | A sensitive method for measuring haemoglobin in gastric contents. | A sensitive method for measuring haemoglobin in gastric contents using the rate of change of optical density of a mixture of orthotolidine and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of haemoglobin, is described. The method can measure the blood normally lost in 10 min from the gastric mucosa. | A sensitive method for measuring haemoglobin in gastric contents. A sensitive method for measuring haemoglobin in gastric contents using the rate of change of optical density of a mixture of orthotolidine and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of haemoglobin, is described. The method can measure the blood normally lost ... | [
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... |
PMID:10218 | [Blood gas analysis and acid-base balance in acute myocardial infarction. Personal observations (author's transl)]. | Arterial pH, pO2 and pCO2 were analysed with Astup's micromethod on one hundred and three acute myocardial infarctions (A.M.I.) without metabolic, pulmonary and renal diseases. Following the clinical picute, the patients were divided into five groups and results were clinically and statistically evaluated (mean, standa... | [Blood gas analysis and acid-base balance in acute myocardial infarction. Personal observations (author's transl)]. Arterial pH, pO2 and pCO2 were analysed with Astup's micromethod on one hundred and three acute myocardial infarctions (A.M.I.) without metabolic, pulmonary and renal diseases. Following the clinical picu... | [
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PMID:10219 | Salycylamide glucuronide formation in liver disease and its change by drugs. | Salicylamide glucuronide (SAMG) in 0-6 and 6-12 hours-urine specimens was determined after oral administration of salicylamide in 7 normal volunteers (NV), in 51 cases of various liver diseases and hyperbilirubinemias, and in 19 cases after drug administration, to predict the in vivo drug metabolism in man and its chan... | Salycylamide glucuronide formation in liver disease and its change by drugs. Salicylamide glucuronide (SAMG) in 0-6 and 6-12 hours-urine specimens was determined after oral administration of salicylamide in 7 normal volunteers (NV), in 51 cases of various liver diseases and hyperbilirubinemias, and in 19 cases after dr... | [
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PMID:10220 | Influence of drugs and chemicals upon hepatic enzymes and proteins. II. The effects of various barbiturates on the induction and reduction of hepatic cytoplasmic organic anion-binding proteins. | The effects of seven barbiturates (phenobarbital, three N-phenylbarbiturates and three N-cyclohexylbarbiturates) on the hepatic cytoplasmic organic anion-binding proteins, Y and Z, were investigated in an attempt to observe the structure-activity relationship of baributrates to induction and reduction of these two prot... | Influence of drugs and chemicals upon hepatic enzymes and proteins. II. The effects of various barbiturates on the induction and reduction of hepatic cytoplasmic organic anion-binding proteins. The effects of seven barbiturates (phenobarbital, three N-phenylbarbiturates and three N-cyclohexylbarbiturates) on the hepati... | [
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PMID:10221 | The estimation of gastric secretory capacity by the telemetering method of pH-sensitive radiocapsule. | Using a pH-sensitive radiotelemetering capsule with antimony electrode or glass electrode, the capacity of the gastric acid secretion was determined according to a modified Satveny's method on four healthy controls and 19 patients with peptic ulcer, and it was compared with that from the usual aspiration method. As to ... | The estimation of gastric secretory capacity by the telemetering method of pH-sensitive radiocapsule. Using a pH-sensitive radiotelemetering capsule with antimony electrode or glass electrode, the capacity of the gastric acid secretion was determined according to a modified Satveny's method on four healthy controls and... | [
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PMID:10222 | Effect of salts on the kinetic parameters and thermal stability of bovine brain acid phosphatase. | Bovine brain acid phosphatase is inhibited, at any pH, by an increase in ionic strength. The rate decrease is associated at pH 5, with a marked decrease in Km and, at pH 8, with a noticeable decrease in Vm. The rate of thermal inactivation of the enzyme is unaffected by increasing ionic strength up to 300 mM. These res... | Effect of salts on the kinetic parameters and thermal stability of bovine brain acid phosphatase. Bovine brain acid phosphatase is inhibited, at any pH, by an increase in ionic strength. The rate decrease is associated at pH 5, with a marked decrease in Km and, at pH 8, with a noticeable decrease in Vm. The rate of the... | [
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PMID:10223 | A pharmacological study of the angiotensin receptor and tachyphylaxis in smooth muscle. | The interaction of angiotensin with its receptor has been studied on the basis of the tachyphylaxis shown by the rat uterus towards angiotensin II when pH and Ca2+ concentration are below physiological levels. 14C-Angiotensin binding and 45Ca2+-uptake investigations suggest tachyphylaxis to be due to increased binding ... | A pharmacological study of the angiotensin receptor and tachyphylaxis in smooth muscle. The interaction of angiotensin with its receptor has been studied on the basis of the tachyphylaxis shown by the rat uterus towards angiotensin II when pH and Ca2+ concentration are below physiological levels. 14C-Angiotensin bindin... | [
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0.... |
PMID:10224 | 5-Hydroxytryptamine and narcotic-analgesics interactions in the intestine. | The effects of 5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT), 5-HT blocking agents, morphine, narcotic-antagonists and ganglionic blocking agents were tested in the dog intestine by close intra-arterial injection. Morphine, as 5-HT, induced an immediate increase in the intestinal tonus followed by phasic contractions. When 5-HT was injec... | 5-Hydroxytryptamine and narcotic-analgesics interactions in the intestine. The effects of 5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT), 5-HT blocking agents, morphine, narcotic-antagonists and ganglionic blocking agents were tested in the dog intestine by close intra-arterial injection. Morphine, as 5-HT, induced an immediate increase i... | [
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PMID:10225 | The effect of cold storage on the sensitivity to alpha and beta agonists in the isolated rabbit kidney. | Rabbit kidneys were perfused at 25 degrees C, and the effect of alpha and beta agonists was studied, before and after 24 hr of cold storage. Vascular and in vitro functional parameters were evaluated. We concluded that cold storage impairs partially the vascular alpha receptor. We could not find beta receptors under th... | The effect of cold storage on the sensitivity to alpha and beta agonists in the isolated rabbit kidney. Rabbit kidneys were perfused at 25 degrees C, and the effect of alpha and beta agonists was studied, before and after 24 hr of cold storage. Vascular and in vitro functional parameters were evaluated. We concluded th... | [
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0.004304893314838409,
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0.03389621153473854,
0.04430... |
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