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PMID:10889 | The asymmetric distribution of enzymic activity between the six subunits of bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase. Use of D- and L-glutamyl alpha-chloromethyl ketones (4-amino-6-chloro-5-oxohexanoic acid. | A method for the preparation of D- and L-glutamyl alpha-chloromethyl ketones (4-amino-6-chloro-5-oxohexanoic acid) is described. These chloromethyl ketones irreversibly inactivated bovine glutamate dehydrogenase, whereas several other related compounds had no adverse effect on the activity of the enzyme. The inactivati... | The asymmetric distribution of enzymic activity between the six subunits of bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase. Use of D- and L-glutamyl alpha-chloromethyl ketones (4-amino-6-chloro-5-oxohexanoic acid. A method for the preparation of D- and L-glutamyl alpha-chloromethyl ketones (4-amino-6-chloro-5-oxohexanoic acid) i... | [
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PMID:10890 | Guanylate cyclase. Subcellular distribution in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, cerebral cortex and liver. | 1. Guanylate cyclase of every fraction studied showed an absolute requirement for Mn2+ ions for optimal activity; with Mg2+ or Ca2+ reaction was barely detectable. Triton X-100 stimulated the particulate enzyme much more than the supernatant enzyme and solubilized the particulate-enzyme activity. 2. Substantial amounts... | Guanylate cyclase. Subcellular distribution in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, cerebral cortex and liver. 1. Guanylate cyclase of every fraction studied showed an absolute requirement for Mn2+ ions for optimal activity; with Mg2+ or Ca2+ reaction was barely detectable. Triton X-100 stimulated the particulate enzyme mu... | [
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PMID:10891 | Properties of particulate, membrane-associated and soluble guanylate cyclase from cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, cerebral cortex and liver. | 1. Guanylate cyclase of washed particles and plasma membranes showed S-shaped progress curves when titrated with either GTP or Mn2+ ions; similar results were obtained with Triton X-100-solubilized enzyme preparation from washed particles. Hill plots of these data revealed multiple metal-nucleotide and free-metal bindi... | Properties of particulate, membrane-associated and soluble guanylate cyclase from cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, cerebral cortex and liver. 1. Guanylate cyclase of washed particles and plasma membranes showed S-shaped progress curves when titrated with either GTP or Mn2+ ions; similar results were obtained with Trito... | [
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PMID:10892 | Changes in conformation of reduced cytochrome c in neutral aqueous solution. | In neutral aqueous solution, high concentrations of alcohols perturb cytochrome c in such a way that reduction by means of ionizing radiation results in the formation of abnormal conformers of ferrocytochrome c resembling those previously seen on reduction in alkaline solution. These relax to normal ferrocytochrome c i... | Changes in conformation of reduced cytochrome c in neutral aqueous solution. In neutral aqueous solution, high concentrations of alcohols perturb cytochrome c in such a way that reduction by means of ionizing radiation results in the formation of abnormal conformers of ferrocytochrome c resembling those previously seen... | [
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PMID:10893 | The effects of diphenyleneiodonium and of 2,4-dichlorodiphenyleneiodonium on mitochondrial reactions. Mechanism of the inhibition of oxygen uptake as a consequence of the catalysis of the chloride/hydroxyl-ion exchange. | 1. Increasing the substrate concentration only decreased the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidations by diphenyleneiodonium or by 2,4-dichlorophenyleneiodonium by a small amount. 2. Diphenyleneiodonium and 2,4-dichlorodiphenyleneiodonium lowered the amounts of succinate, citrate and glutamate accumulated in the matrix o... | The effects of diphenyleneiodonium and of 2,4-dichlorodiphenyleneiodonium on mitochondrial reactions. Mechanism of the inhibition of oxygen uptake as a consequence of the catalysis of the chloride/hydroxyl-ion exchange. 1. Increasing the substrate concentration only decreased the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidations ... | [
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PMID:10894 | Properties and developmental regulation of an alpha-d-galactosidase from Dictyostelium discoideum. | An alpha-D-galactosidase was detected in cells of the cellular slime mould, Dictyostelium discoideum, at all stages of development. Its specific activity was highest during early development (interphase), and this accumulation of enzyme appears to require protein synthesis de novo. Its subcellular distribution differs ... | Properties and developmental regulation of an alpha-d-galactosidase from Dictyostelium discoideum. An alpha-D-galactosidase was detected in cells of the cellular slime mould, Dictyostelium discoideum, at all stages of development. Its specific activity was highest during early development (interphase), and this accumul... | [
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PMID:10895 | Adenylate cyclase, guanylate cyclase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases of guinea-pig cardiac sarcolemma. | 1. The activities of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of cyclic nucleotides were studied in sarcolemma prepared front guinea-pig heart ventricle; the enzyme activities reported here were linear under the assay conditions. 2. Adenylate cyclase was maximally activated by 3mM-NaF; NaF increased the Km for ATP (from ... | Adenylate cyclase, guanylate cyclase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases of guinea-pig cardiac sarcolemma. 1. The activities of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of cyclic nucleotides were studied in sarcolemma prepared front guinea-pig heart ventricle; the enzyme activities reported here were linear under th... | [
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PMID:10937 | Maternal blood-gases, PAo2--Pao2), hysiological shunt and VD/VT in normal pregnancy. | Serial measurements of maternal blood-gases, alveolar-to-arterial oxygen tension difference (PAO2--PaO), calculated pulmonary venous admixture (physiological shunt), deadspace/tidal volume ratio (VD/VT), and respiratory minute volume have been made in a carefully selected group of normal pregnant patients at 12, 24, 32... | Maternal blood-gases, PAo2--Pao2), hysiological shunt and VD/VT in normal pregnancy. Serial measurements of maternal blood-gases, alveolar-to-arterial oxygen tension difference (PAO2--PaO), calculated pulmonary venous admixture (physiological shunt), deadspace/tidal volume ratio (VD/VT), and respiratory minute volume h... | [
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PMID:10938 | Metabolism of lorazepam. | The metabolism of lorazepam by man and four other species is reviewed. Lorazepam and its metabolites in blood, urine and faeces were identified by thin-layer and gas chromatography and by mass spectrometry. The principal metabolite in man, dog, pig and cat is the glucuronide, but the rat produces other metabolites afte... | Metabolism of lorazepam. The metabolism of lorazepam by man and four other species is reviewed. Lorazepam and its metabolites in blood, urine and faeces were identified by thin-layer and gas chromatography and by mass spectrometry. The principal metabolite in man, dog, pig and cat is the glucuronide, but the rat produc... | [
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PMID:10940 | Comparison of the beta2-adrenoceptor selectivity of rimiterol, salbutamol and isoprenaline by the intravenous route in man. | 1 The bronchodilating efficacy and the degree of beta2-adrenoceptor selectivity of rimiterol, salbutamol and isoprenaline were determined in seven subjects who exhibited histamine-induced bronchoconstriction. 2 Rimiterol, 0.5 (high dose) and 0.05 (low dose) mug kg-1 min-1, salbutamol, 0.3 and 0.03 mug kg-1 min-1, isopr... | Comparison of the beta2-adrenoceptor selectivity of rimiterol, salbutamol and isoprenaline by the intravenous route in man. 1 The bronchodilating efficacy and the degree of beta2-adrenoceptor selectivity of rimiterol, salbutamol and isoprenaline were determined in seven subjects who exhibited histamine-induced bronchoc... | [
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PMID:10941 | Comparison of the residual effects of two benzodiazepines (nitrazepam and flurazepam hydrochloride) and pentobarbitone sodium on human performance. | 1 The residual effects of two benzodiazepines, nitrazepam (10 mg) and flurazepam hydrochloride (30 mg), and pentobarbitone sodium (200 mg) were studied by adaptive tracking and by reaction time. Performance was measured at 10 h, 13 h, 16 h, 19 h and 34 h after ingestion of each drug. Impaired performance on adaptive tr... | Comparison of the residual effects of two benzodiazepines (nitrazepam and flurazepam hydrochloride) and pentobarbitone sodium on human performance. 1 The residual effects of two benzodiazepines, nitrazepam (10 mg) and flurazepam hydrochloride (30 mg), and pentobarbitone sodium (200 mg) were studied by adaptive tracking... | [
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PMID:10942 | Residual effects of flunitrazepam. | 1 Twelve normal subjects were tested on a large battery of tests after a hypnotic dose of flunitrazepam(1 or 2 mg) and a placebo. Psychological tests were given 12 h after the drug and physiological tests 12, 15 and 18 h after the drug. 2 The tests included self-ratings of hypnotic effects and mood, the electroencephal... | Residual effects of flunitrazepam. 1 Twelve normal subjects were tested on a large battery of tests after a hypnotic dose of flunitrazepam(1 or 2 mg) and a placebo. Psychological tests were given 12 h after the drug and physiological tests 12, 15 and 18 h after the drug. 2 The tests included self-ratings of hypnotic ef... | [
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PMID:10943 | A clinical and psychometric evaluation of flurazepam. | 1 The efficacy of flurazepam (15 mg or 30 mg) as a hypnotic, and the residual effects of each dose were compared with placebo in a double-blind cross-over trial involving thirty patients in a general practice setting. Patients received each medication for one week. Daily self-ratings of onset, duration and quality of s... | A clinical and psychometric evaluation of flurazepam. 1 The efficacy of flurazepam (15 mg or 30 mg) as a hypnotic, and the residual effects of each dose were compared with placebo in a double-blind cross-over trial involving thirty patients in a general practice setting. Patients received each medication for one week. ... | [
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PMID:10944 | Bioavailability and dissolution of different formulations of oxytetracycline preparations. | 1 The concentration of oxytetracycline in plasma was studied by microbiological assay after oral administration of five different preparations of the antibiotic. None of these preparations had been studied previously. 2 There was a statistically significant correlation between the time required for 50% dissolution at p... | Bioavailability and dissolution of different formulations of oxytetracycline preparations. 1 The concentration of oxytetracycline in plasma was studied by microbiological assay after oral administration of five different preparations of the antibiotic. None of these preparations had been studied previously. 2 There was... | [
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PMID:10948 | A review of the animal pharmacology of labetalol, a combined alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drug. | 1 The animal pharmacology of labetalol, a drug that blocks both alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors, is reviewed. 2 In isolated tissues the blockade by labetalol of both alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors satisfied accepted critera for competitive antagonism. In contrast phentolamine was a competitive antagonist at alpha-adre... | A review of the animal pharmacology of labetalol, a combined alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drug. 1 The animal pharmacology of labetalol, a drug that blocks both alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors, is reviewed. 2 In isolated tissues the blockade by labetalol of both alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors satisfied accepte... | [
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PMID:10949 | Pharmacological effects of labetalol in man. | 1 The pharmacological effects of labetalol have been studied in normal healthy subjects. The results of these studies are reviewed. 2 In the evaluation of the beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking effects of labetalol various indices of beta-adrenoceptor blockade in man were used. Labetalol administered orally and intravenously... | Pharmacological effects of labetalol in man. 1 The pharmacological effects of labetalol have been studied in normal healthy subjects. The results of these studies are reviewed. 2 In the evaluation of the beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking effects of labetalol various indices of beta-adrenoceptor blockade in man were used. La... | [
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PMID:10950 | Haemodynamic effects of combined alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor blockade after intravenous labetalol in hypertensive patients at rest and during exercise. | 1 The haemodynamic effects of labetalol 50 mg intravenously were studied in 13 hypertensive patients at rest in the supine and upright positions and during exercise using percutaneous right heart and brachial artery catheterization. 2 Labetalol induced immediate significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pr... | Haemodynamic effects of combined alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor blockade after intravenous labetalol in hypertensive patients at rest and during exercise. 1 The haemodynamic effects of labetalol 50 mg intravenously were studied in 13 hypertensive patients at rest in the supine and upright positions and during exercise ... | [
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PMID:10951 | Combined alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors blockade with oral labetalol in hypertensive patients with reference to haemodynamic effects at rest and during exercise. | Twelve hypertensive patients received oral labetalol treatment (average final dose 1,200 mg/d) over a period of 16 months. 2 Satisfactory blood pressure control was maintained both at rest and after exercise. 3 Plasma renin activity was significantly reduced. 4 Postural hypotension measured in this group of patients af... | Combined alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors blockade with oral labetalol in hypertensive patients with reference to haemodynamic effects at rest and during exercise. Twelve hypertensive patients received oral labetalol treatment (average final dose 1,200 mg/d) over a period of 16 months. 2 Satisfactory blood pressure cont... | [
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PMID:10952 | Labetalol, a new alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agent, in hypertension. | 1Labetalol is a new compound with antagonistic effects at both alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor sites. 2 When given to 12 hypertensive patients at an average daily dosage of 273 mg for 7 months statistically significant reductions (compared with pretreatment values) in recumbent and standing blood pressure were observed.... | Labetalol, a new alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agent, in hypertension. 1Labetalol is a new compound with antagonistic effects at both alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor sites. 2 When given to 12 hypertensive patients at an average daily dosage of 273 mg for 7 months statistically significant reductions (compared ... | [
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PMID:10953 | Intravenous labetalol in hypertensive patients treated with beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs. | 1 The effect of intravenous injections of labetalol at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg was studied in 15 patients with severe hypertension inadequately controlled by beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs. 2 At a dose of 1 mg/kg there was a slight but statistically insignificant reduction in blood pressure. When 2 mg/kg was given t... | Intravenous labetalol in hypertensive patients treated with beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs. 1 The effect of intravenous injections of labetalol at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg was studied in 15 patients with severe hypertension inadequately controlled by beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs. 2 At a dose of 1 mg/kg there wa... | [
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PMID:10955 | Arterialized ear lobe blood samples for blood gas tensions. | The accuracy of arterialized blood samples both at rest and during exercise is described in comparison to simultaneous arterial blood samples. The technique was found to be reliable and sufficiently accurate for clinical exercise testing, with no significant differences for Po2 or Pco2 between the two methods. | Arterialized ear lobe blood samples for blood gas tensions. The accuracy of arterialized blood samples both at rest and during exercise is described in comparison to simultaneous arterial blood samples. The technique was found to be reliable and sufficiently accurate for clinical exercise testing, with no significant d... | [
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PMID:10956 | Preparation and storage of platelet concentrates. II. Storage variables influencing platelet viability and function. | Factors affecting the viability and function of stored platelet concentrates have been investigated in a blood component programme. It was found that platelets could be maintained for up to 72 h without bacterial contamination under the following conditions: (1) surgical skin preparation at venipuncture site; (2) blood... | Preparation and storage of platelet concentrates. II. Storage variables influencing platelet viability and function. Factors affecting the viability and function of stored platelet concentrates have been investigated in a blood component programme. It was found that platelets could be maintained for up to 72 h without ... | [
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PMID:10957 | Solubilization, partial purification and radioassay for the intrinsic factor receptor from the ileal mucosa. | A macromolecule which binds intrinsic factor saturated with vitamin B12 has been solubilized from the guinea-pig ileum by homogenization followed by mechanical disruption without organic solvents or detergents. This intrinsic factor 'receptor' was further purified by precipitation with 30% saturated ammonium sulphate, ... | Solubilization, partial purification and radioassay for the intrinsic factor receptor from the ileal mucosa. A macromolecule which binds intrinsic factor saturated with vitamin B12 has been solubilized from the guinea-pig ileum by homogenization followed by mechanical disruption without organic solvents or detergents. ... | [
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PMID:10958 | Effect of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate on the oxygen affinity of human erythrocytes. | Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), an allosteric effector for the oxygenation of haemoglobin, was incorporated readily into erythrocytes and disappeared from them by simple passive diffusion. The disappearance of PLP from the cells was accelerated by the generation of 2,3-DPG in a medium of inosine, pyruvate and phosphate. ... | Effect of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate on the oxygen affinity of human erythrocytes. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), an allosteric effector for the oxygenation of haemoglobin, was incorporated readily into erythrocytes and disappeared from them by simple passive diffusion. The disappearance of PLP from the cells was accelerate... | [
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PMID:10961 | Phosphorus-31 Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance study of mononucleotides and dinucleotides. 1. Chemical shifts. | A phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study of adenine, uracil, and thymine mononucleotides, their cyclic analogues, and the corresponding dinucleotides is reported. From the pH dependence of phosphate chemical shifts, pKa values of 6.25-6.30 are found for all 5'-mononucleotides secondary phosphate ionizatio... | Phosphorus-31 Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance study of mononucleotides and dinucleotides. 1. Chemical shifts. A phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study of adenine, uracil, and thymine mononucleotides, their cyclic analogues, and the corresponding dinucleotides is reported. From the pH dependen... | [
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PMID:10962 | Reaction of yeast carboxypeptidase C1 with group-specific reagents. | The reactions between yeast carboxypeptidase C and the group-specific reagents, phenylglyoxal and iodoacetamide, have been studied in detail and the reactions of residue at the active site with N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone and diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate have been confirmed. Modification of the enzym... | Reaction of yeast carboxypeptidase C1 with group-specific reagents. The reactions between yeast carboxypeptidase C and the group-specific reagents, phenylglyoxal and iodoacetamide, have been studied in detail and the reactions of residue at the active site with N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone and diisopropy... | [
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PMID:10963 | Identification and properties of the covalently bound flavin of beta-cyclopiazonate oxidocyclase. | Beta-Cyclopiazonate oxidocyclase from Penicillium cyclopium has been previously shown to contain flavin dinucleotide in covalent linkage to the protein. In the present study, a pure flavin mononucleotide peptide was isolated from the enzyme by tryptic-chymotryptic digestion, chromatography on Florisil and on diethylami... | Identification and properties of the covalently bound flavin of beta-cyclopiazonate oxidocyclase. Beta-Cyclopiazonate oxidocyclase from Penicillium cyclopium has been previously shown to contain flavin dinucleotide in covalent linkage to the protein. In the present study, a pure flavin mononucleotide peptide was isolat... | [
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PMID:10964 | Potentiometric determination of ionizations at the active site of papain. | The ionization behavior of groups at the active site of papain was determined from the pH dependence of the difference of proton content of papain and the methylthio derivative of the thiol group at the active site of papain (papain-S-SCH3). This difference in proton content was determined directly by two independent m... | Potentiometric determination of ionizations at the active site of papain. The ionization behavior of groups at the active site of papain was determined from the pH dependence of the difference of proton content of papain and the methylthio derivative of the thiol group at the active site of papain (papain-S-SCH3). This... | [
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PMID:10965 | Studies on the noncooperative binding of the Escherichia coli DNA unwinding protein to single-stranded nucleic acids. | The noncooperative binding of the Escherichia coli DNA unwinding protein to single-stranded DNA oligomers has been studied by means of equilibrium dialysis. Dialyses were performed under a number of solution and temperature conditions using oligomers of varying length and base compositions. The results of these studies... | Studies on the noncooperative binding of the Escherichia coli DNA unwinding protein to single-stranded nucleic acids. The noncooperative binding of the Escherichia coli DNA unwinding protein to single-stranded DNA oligomers has been studied by means of equilibrium dialysis. Dialyses were performed under a number of sol... | [
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PMID:10966 | A simple, quantitative approach to the coupling of photophosphorylation to electron flow in terms of proton fluxes. | A simple relationship between observed phosphorylation efficiencies (P/e ratios) and internal proton concentration in spinach chloroplast thylakoids has been derived. P/e ratios, varked by either changing the light intensity or by adding the energy transfer inhibitor, 4'-deoxyphlorizin, were found to change with intern... | A simple, quantitative approach to the coupling of photophosphorylation to electron flow in terms of proton fluxes. A simple relationship between observed phosphorylation efficiencies (P/e ratios) and internal proton concentration in spinach chloroplast thylakoids has been derived. P/e ratios, varked by either changing... | [
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PMID:10967 | Properties and subcellular distribution of guanylate cyclase activity in rat renal medulla: correlation with tissue content of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate. | The properties of the guanylate cyclase systems of outer and inner medulla of rat kidney were examined and compared with those of the renal cortex. A gradation in steady-state cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) levels was observed in incubated slices of these tissues (inner medula greater than outer medulla gr... | Properties and subcellular distribution of guanylate cyclase activity in rat renal medulla: correlation with tissue content of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate. The properties of the guanylate cyclase systems of outer and inner medulla of rat kidney were examined and compared with those of the renal cortex. A gradation in... | [
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PMID:10968 | Thermal transitions of myosin and its helical fragments. Regions of structural instability in the myosin molecule. | The structural stabilities of all the familiar proteolytic fragments of myosin have been investigated in melting studies over the pH ranges 5.5-7.0 in 0.5 M KCl. All fragments except subfragment 2 undergo a melting transition manifested by the cooperative uptake of protons in the temperature range 34-47 degrees C, and ... | Thermal transitions of myosin and its helical fragments. Regions of structural instability in the myosin molecule. The structural stabilities of all the familiar proteolytic fragments of myosin have been investigated in melting studies over the pH ranges 5.5-7.0 in 0.5 M KCl. All fragments except subfragment 2 undergo ... | [
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PMID:10969 | Relative stabilities of the two quaternary conformations of human fetal hemoglobin. | The pH dependence of several functional properties of human fetal and adult hemoglobins have been studied to determine the relative stabilities of the high and low affinity (R and T) quaternary conformations of the two proteins under different conditions. Fetal aqumethemoglobin undergoes changes in sulfhydryl reactivit... | Relative stabilities of the two quaternary conformations of human fetal hemoglobin. The pH dependence of several functional properties of human fetal and adult hemoglobins have been studied to determine the relative stabilities of the high and low affinity (R and T) quaternary conformations of the two proteins under di... | [
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PMID:10970 | Adenine nucleotide metabolism of blood platelets. IX. Time course of secretion and changes in energy metabolism in thrombin-treated platelets. | Changes in the energy metabolism of washed human platelets were compared with the kinetics of secretion induced by thrombin (5 units/ml). A 50% decrease in the level of metabolic ATP (3H-labelled), which was essentially complete in 30s, was matched in rate by adenine nucleotide secretion from storage in dense granules.... | Adenine nucleotide metabolism of blood platelets. IX. Time course of secretion and changes in energy metabolism in thrombin-treated platelets. Changes in the energy metabolism of washed human platelets were compared with the kinetics of secretion induced by thrombin (5 units/ml). A 50% decrease in the level of metaboli... | [
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PMID:10971 | Ammonia production and pathways of glutamine utilization in rat kidney slices. | Ammonia production from glutamine was studied in slices from non-acidotic and acidotic rat kidneys. Slices from non-acidotic kidneys made 53% as much ammonia from D-glutamine as from L-glutamine during the initial 15 min of incubation. Thereafter the production rate from the L-isomer accelerated while that from the D-i... | Ammonia production and pathways of glutamine utilization in rat kidney slices. Ammonia production from glutamine was studied in slices from non-acidotic and acidotic rat kidneys. Slices from non-acidotic kidneys made 53% as much ammonia from D-glutamine as from L-glutamine during the initial 15 min of incubation. There... | [
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PMID:10972 | Effect of imidazole on renal gluconeogenesis. | The metabolic effects of imidazole were tested in rat renal cortex. Imidazole enhanced the activity of renal cortical phosphodiesterase in vitro. Imidazole inhibited glucose production in a dose-dependent fashion from a variety of substrates in the gluconeogenic pathway proximal to the triose phsophates. The stimulatio... | Effect of imidazole on renal gluconeogenesis. The metabolic effects of imidazole were tested in rat renal cortex. Imidazole enhanced the activity of renal cortical phosphodiesterase in vitro. Imidazole inhibited glucose production in a dose-dependent fashion from a variety of substrates in the gluconeogenic pathway pro... | [
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PMID:10973 | Vitamin B-6-catalyzed beta-elimination of serine and O-phosphoserine. Qualitative and quantitative aspects of catalytic influences at the rate-limiting step, a comparison with the rate of enzymatic beta-elimination. | The overall reaction rates for the beta-elimination of serine and O-phosphoserine, catalyzed by various vitamin B-6 analogs (pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, 5'-deoxypyridoxal and N-methylpyridoxal 5'-phosphate) in the presence or absence of Cu2+ ions, are determined. The comparison of the pH-dependence of the molar activities ... | Vitamin B-6-catalyzed beta-elimination of serine and O-phosphoserine. Qualitative and quantitative aspects of catalytic influences at the rate-limiting step, a comparison with the rate of enzymatic beta-elimination. The overall reaction rates for the beta-elimination of serine and O-phosphoserine, catalyzed by various ... | [
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PMID:10974 | Properties and subcellular localization of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydrolase of calf kidney. | The properties and subcellular distribution of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NAcNeu) hydrolase were studied in the cortex of calf kidney. The pH optimum was 9.0 in both Tris - HCl and glycine/NaOH buffer. The apparent Km was 0.47 mM and the apparent V 15.3 mumol/h/g wet wt of calf kidney cortex. A stimulation by div... | Properties and subcellular localization of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydrolase of calf kidney. The properties and subcellular distribution of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NAcNeu) hydrolase were studied in the cortex of calf kidney. The pH optimum was 9.0 in both Tris - HCl and glycine/NaOH buffer. The apparent Km... | [
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PMID:10975 | Localization and some properties of lysosomal dipeptidases in rat liver. | 1. The rates of hydrolysis of 26 synthetic dipeptides by extracts from highly purified lysosomal fractions from rat liver at pH 5.0 and by whole liver homogenates at pH 7.4 have been determined. Extracts from the lysosomal fractions hydrolysed most peptides at a lower rate per mg protein than the homogenates, and some ... | Localization and some properties of lysosomal dipeptidases in rat liver. 1. The rates of hydrolysis of 26 synthetic dipeptides by extracts from highly purified lysosomal fractions from rat liver at pH 5.0 and by whole liver homogenates at pH 7.4 have been determined. Extracts from the lysosomal fractions hydrolysed mos... | [
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PMID:10976 | Some properties of erythrocuprein treated by organic solvents. | The effect of various types of organic solvents on the properties of bovine erythrocuprein was studied. Three organic solvents were found in which the protein is soluble, these were: dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide and N-methylformamide. It was shown that in formamide and dimethyl sulfoxide media the protein possees supe... | Some properties of erythrocuprein treated by organic solvents. The effect of various types of organic solvents on the properties of bovine erythrocuprein was studied. Three organic solvents were found in which the protein is soluble, these were: dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide and N-methylformamide. It was shown that in ... | [
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PMID:10977 | Oxygen equilibrium characteristics of adult and fetal hemoglobin of Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). | Adult hemoglobin and fetal hemoglobin were obtained from Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) and their oxygen equilibrium characteristics were studied. (1) The oxygen affinity of fetal hemoglobin was higher than that of adult hemoglobin both in the presence and absence of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. The presence of diphosphog... | Oxygen equilibrium characteristics of adult and fetal hemoglobin of Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). Adult hemoglobin and fetal hemoglobin were obtained from Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) and their oxygen equilibrium characteristics were studied. (1) The oxygen affinity of fetal hemoglobin was higher than that of a... | [
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PMID:10978 | Studies on the binding of FMN by apoflavodoxin from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii, pH and NaCl concentration dependence. | 1. The pH and ionic strength dependence of the interaction of FMN with apoflavodoxin has been studied by fluorometry in the pH region 2-5, at 22 degrees C. 2. The rate constant of dissociation and the dissociation constant were experimentally determined; the rate constants of association were claculated at a given pH v... | Studies on the binding of FMN by apoflavodoxin from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii, pH and NaCl concentration dependence. 1. The pH and ionic strength dependence of the interaction of FMN with apoflavodoxin has been studied by fluorometry in the pH region 2-5, at 22 degrees C. 2. The rate constant of dissociation and the ... | [
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PMID:10979 | Alkalin titrations of human somatotropin, human choriomammotropin and ovine prolactin by circular dichroism and fluorescence. | Structural transitions occurring during the alkalin titration of human somatotropin, human choriomammotropin, and ovine prolactin have been investigated by means of circular dichroism and fluorescence emission spectra. Human somatotropin exhibited an isodichroic point at 287 nm, with all spectral changes being reversed... | Alkalin titrations of human somatotropin, human choriomammotropin and ovine prolactin by circular dichroism and fluorescence. Structural transitions occurring during the alkalin titration of human somatotropin, human choriomammotropin, and ovine prolactin have been investigated by means of circular dichroism and fluore... | [
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PMID:10980 | A pH-dependent conformational change in the coat protein subunits from potato virus X. | Both the circular dichroism and fluorescence spectra of the dissociated coat protein subunits from potato virus X changed substantially over the pH range 8 to 4, irreversible changes resulted below pH 4, with tyrosyl and tryptophanyl residues affected most. The titration curves show a pKa of about 5.6 and do not requir... | A pH-dependent conformational change in the coat protein subunits from potato virus X. Both the circular dichroism and fluorescence spectra of the dissociated coat protein subunits from potato virus X changed substantially over the pH range 8 to 4, irreversible changes resulted below pH 4, with tyrosyl and tryptophanyl... | [
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PMID:10981 | On the allosteric transition between the structures of high and low ligand affinity in carp hemoglobin. | The variation of magneto-optical rotatory dispersion with pH for carp deoxyhemoglobin in the presence and absence of inositol hexaphosphate was interpreted as a pH-induced allosteric transition between the structures of high and low ligand affinity (the R and T states in terms of the two state model of cooperativity). ... | On the allosteric transition between the structures of high and low ligand affinity in carp hemoglobin. The variation of magneto-optical rotatory dispersion with pH for carp deoxyhemoglobin in the presence and absence of inositol hexaphosphate was interpreted as a pH-induced allosteric transition between the structures... | [
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PMID:10982 | The kinetics of the reduction of cytochrome c by the superoxide anion radical. | 1. At neutral pH ferricytochrome c is reduced by the superoxide anion radical (O2-), without loss of enzymatic activity, by a second order process in which no intermediates are observed. The yield of ferrocytochrome c (82-104%), as related to the amount of O2- produced, is slightly dependent on the concentration of sod... | The kinetics of the reduction of cytochrome c by the superoxide anion radical. 1. At neutral pH ferricytochrome c is reduced by the superoxide anion radical (O2-), without loss of enzymatic activity, by a second order process in which no intermediates are observed. The yield of ferrocytochrome c (82-104%), as related t... | [
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PMID:10983 | Algal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases. Conversion of the NADH-linked enzyme of Scenedesmus obliquus into a form which preferentially uses NADPH as coenzyme. | Scenedesmus obliquus contains two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (EC 1.2.1.-) one of which uses NADH as its preferred coenzyme (D-enzyme) and the other NADPH (T-enzyme). On incubation of the D-enzyme with cysteine and a 1,3-diphosphoglycerate-generating system the specific activity with NADH as coenzyme decr... | Algal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases. Conversion of the NADH-linked enzyme of Scenedesmus obliquus into a form which preferentially uses NADPH as coenzyme. Scenedesmus obliquus contains two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (EC 1.2.1.-) one of which uses NADH as its preferred coenzyme (D-enzyme) and ... | [
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PMID:10984 | The uptake of choline by rat liver mitochondria. | 1. Rat liver mitochondria can accumulate choline against a concentration gradient. Maximally about 30 nmol choline per mg mitochondrial protein are found in the matrix space. 2. The process of choline uptake is biphasic. After a rapid uptake of 1.5-15 nmol per mg protein, a slower uptake occurs if an energy supply is p... | The uptake of choline by rat liver mitochondria. 1. Rat liver mitochondria can accumulate choline against a concentration gradient. Maximally about 30 nmol choline per mg mitochondrial protein are found in the matrix space. 2. The process of choline uptake is biphasic. After a rapid uptake of 1.5-15 nmol per mg protein... | [
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PMID:10985 | 3alpha-, 7alpha- and 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities from Clostridium perfringens. | 25 strains of Clostridium perfringens were screened for hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity; 19 contained NADP-dependent 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and eight contained NAD-dependent 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase active against conjugated and unconjugated bile salts. All strains containing 12alpha-hydr... | 3alpha-, 7alpha- and 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities from Clostridium perfringens. 25 strains of Clostridium perfringens were screened for hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity; 19 contained NADP-dependent 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and eight contained NAD-dependent 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehyd... | [
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PMID:10986 | Studies on phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase (phospholipase C type) of Bacillus cereus. I. purification, properties and phosphatase-releasing activity. | A phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase from the culture broth of Bacillus cereus, was purified to a homogeneous state as indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, by ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography with DEAE-cellulose and CM-Sephadex. The enzyme (molecular weight: 29000 +/- 1000) was maximall... | Studies on phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase (phospholipase C type) of Bacillus cereus. I. purification, properties and phosphatase-releasing activity. A phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase from the culture broth of Bacillus cereus, was purified to a homogeneous state as indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrop... | [
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PMID:10987 | Properties of triacylglycerol lipase in a mitochondrial fraction from baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). | A triacylglycerol lipase in a mitochondrial fraction isolated from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been characterized and the hydrolysis studied kinetically using an insoluble artificial triacylglycerol suspension. 1. The triacylglycerol was hydrolyzed almost completely to fatty acids and glycerol. The lipase acti... | Properties of triacylglycerol lipase in a mitochondrial fraction from baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). A triacylglycerol lipase in a mitochondrial fraction isolated from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been characterized and the hydrolysis studied kinetically using an insoluble artificial triacylglycerol ... | [
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PMID:10988 | Properties of microsomal phospholipases in rat liver and hepatoma. | Phospholipase A1, A2 and lysophospholipase activities in microsomes of Novikoff hepatoma host rat liver and regenerating rat liver were compared using 1-[9', 10'-3H2]palmitoyl-2-[1'-14C] linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, 1-[1' -3H-]hexadecyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, and 1-[9', 10'-3H2]palmitoy... | Properties of microsomal phospholipases in rat liver and hepatoma. Phospholipase A1, A2 and lysophospholipase activities in microsomes of Novikoff hepatoma host rat liver and regenerating rat liver were compared using 1-[9', 10'-3H2]palmitoyl-2-[1'-14C] linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, 1-[1' -3H-]hexadecyl-2... | [
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PMID:10989 | Purification and positional specificity of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase from Escherichia coli membranes. | SN-Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase was solubilized from membranes of Escherichia coli B and K-12 and purified on an affinity column of Sepharose 4B coupled with 6-phosphogluconic acid. Phosphatidylglycerol was required for activation and stabilization of the purified enzyme. The acyl residues were exclusively tran... | Purification and positional specificity of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase from Escherichia coli membranes. SN-Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase was solubilized from membranes of Escherichia coli B and K-12 and purified on an affinity column of Sepharose 4B coupled with 6-phosphogluconic acid. Phosphatidylgl... | [
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PMID:10990 | Isolation and characterization of aldose reductase from calf brain. | Aldose reductase activity (alditol: NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.21) from calf brain was separated into two protein fractions by DEAE chromatography. Further purifcation by molecular sieve chromotography and electrofocusing yielding two distinctive enzymes, which were designated AR I and AR II. AR I was purified 64... | Isolation and characterization of aldose reductase from calf brain. Aldose reductase activity (alditol: NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.21) from calf brain was separated into two protein fractions by DEAE chromatography. Further purifcation by molecular sieve chromotography and electrofocusing yielding two distinctive... | [
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PMID:10991 | Studies on the role of methionine in porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2. | The unique methionine-15 residue located at the N-terminal site of iso- or beta-phospholipase A2 from porcine pancrease has been specifically carboxymethylated with iodoacetic acid. The modification results in a complete inactivation of the enzymatic activity toward micellar and monomeric substrates. Spectroscopic meas... | Studies on the role of methionine in porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2. The unique methionine-15 residue located at the N-terminal site of iso- or beta-phospholipase A2 from porcine pancrease has been specifically carboxymethylated with iodoacetic acid. The modification results in a complete inactivation of the enzym... | [
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PMID:10992 | The effect of calcium ions on the hydrolysis of benzoylarginine ethyl ester by porcine enteropeptidase. | Calcium ions are shown to have a marked pH-dependent effect on the kinetics of benzoyllarginine ethyl ester hydrolysis by porcine enteropeptidase (EC 3.4.21.9). Below pH 6.0, calcium ions stimulate benzoylarginine ethyl ester hydrolysis but inhibit this activity above pH 6.0. This effect is mainly on the Km for benzoyl... | The effect of calcium ions on the hydrolysis of benzoylarginine ethyl ester by porcine enteropeptidase. Calcium ions are shown to have a marked pH-dependent effect on the kinetics of benzoyllarginine ethyl ester hydrolysis by porcine enteropeptidase (EC 3.4.21.9). Below pH 6.0, calcium ions stimulate benzoylarginine et... | [
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PMID:10993 | Purification and characterization of bile salt hydrolase from Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis. | A high-molecular-weight (250 000) bile salt hydrolase (cholylglycine hydrolase, EC 3.5.-.-) was isolated and purified 128-fold from the "spheroplast lysate" fraction prepared from Bacteroids fragilis subsp. fragilis ATCC 25285. The intact enzyme had a molecular weight of approx. 250 000 as determined by gel infiltratio... | Purification and characterization of bile salt hydrolase from Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis. A high-molecular-weight (250 000) bile salt hydrolase (cholylglycine hydrolase, EC 3.5.-.-) was isolated and purified 128-fold from the "spheroplast lysate" fraction prepared from Bacteroids fragilis subsp. fragilis ATCC... | [
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PMID:10994 | On the partial reactivation of inactivated pantothenase from Pseudomonas fluorescens. | Partial reactivation of inactivated pantothenase (pantothenate amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.22) from Pseudomonas fluorescens was studied. After partial inactivation during storing, pantothenase activity is increased by 10-40% when incubated with, for instance, oxalate, oxaloacetate or pyruvate. Reactivation proceedes slowl... | On the partial reactivation of inactivated pantothenase from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Partial reactivation of inactivated pantothenase (pantothenate amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.22) from Pseudomonas fluorescens was studied. After partial inactivation during storing, pantothenase activity is increased by 10-40% when incubat... | [
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PMID:10995 | Studies on aspartase. III. Alteration of enzymatic properties upon trypsin-mediated activation. | Highly purified aspartase (L-aspartate ammonia-lyase, EC 4.3.1.1) from Escherichia coli, already of full activity, is further activated 3.3-fold by limited treatment with trypsin. The activation requires a few minutes to attain maximum level, and hereafter the activity gradually decreases to complete inactivation. Prio... | Studies on aspartase. III. Alteration of enzymatic properties upon trypsin-mediated activation. Highly purified aspartase (L-aspartate ammonia-lyase, EC 4.3.1.1) from Escherichia coli, already of full activity, is further activated 3.3-fold by limited treatment with trypsin. The activation requires a few minutes to att... | [
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PMID:10996 | Investigations on the kinetic properties of estrone glucuronyltransferase from pig kidney. | The microsomal fraction of the pig kidney catalyzes the glucuronidation of estrone in the presence of UDP-glucuronic acid. This bireactant system exhibits a sequential type of reaction mechanism. Increasing concentrations of either substrate increase the affinity of the enzyme for the other substrate. The Hill coeffici... | Investigations on the kinetic properties of estrone glucuronyltransferase from pig kidney. The microsomal fraction of the pig kidney catalyzes the glucuronidation of estrone in the presence of UDP-glucuronic acid. This bireactant system exhibits a sequential type of reaction mechanism. Increasing concentrations of eith... | [
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PMID:10997 | Interactions between phospholipids and barbiturates. | The effects of a number of barbiturates on the temperature of the lipid phase transition have been studied using chlorophyll a as a fluorescence probe. The barbiturates cause a reduction in the temperature of the phase transitions of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine, the effects ... | Interactions between phospholipids and barbiturates. The effects of a number of barbiturates on the temperature of the lipid phase transition have been studied using chlorophyll a as a fluorescence probe. The barbiturates cause a reduction in the temperature of the phase transitions of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine a... | [
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PMID:10998 | Transport and phosphorylation of D-galactose in renal cortical cells. | An improved analytical procedure for the extraction and determination of total, free and phosphorylated tissue sugar is described. This method, employing ZnSO4 plus Ba(OH)2 for the precipitation of sugar phosphates, yields values identical with those obtained by the more laborious separation of free and phosphorylated ... | Transport and phosphorylation of D-galactose in renal cortical cells. An improved analytical procedure for the extraction and determination of total, free and phosphorylated tissue sugar is described. This method, employing ZnSO4 plus Ba(OH)2 for the precipitation of sugar phosphates, yields values identical with those... | [
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PMID:10999 | Transport and phosphorylation of 2-deoxy-D-galactase in renal cortical cells. | The transport and phosphorylation of 2-deoxy-D-[3H]galactose in rabbit renal cortical cells was studied. 1. The uptake of 2-deoxy-galactose by cortical slices is associated with an appearance of both free and phosphorylated sugar in the cells. At 1 mM external sugar the cells establish a steady-state gradient of free 2... | Transport and phosphorylation of 2-deoxy-D-galactase in renal cortical cells. The transport and phosphorylation of 2-deoxy-D-[3H]galactose in rabbit renal cortical cells was studied. 1. The uptake of 2-deoxy-galactose by cortical slices is associated with an appearance of both free and phosphorylated sugar in the cells... | [
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PMID:11000 | Heterogeneity of histidine transport in the Ehrlich cell. | We have reexamined the heterogeneity shown by histidine in its uptake by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell, in the face of a contradiction of our earlier interpretation. We again find the fraction of histidine uptake at neutral pH inhibitable by the model substrate for System A, 2-(methylamino)-isobutyric acid, to be full... | Heterogeneity of histidine transport in the Ehrlich cell. We have reexamined the heterogeneity shown by histidine in its uptake by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell, in the face of a contradiction of our earlier interpretation. We again find the fraction of histidine uptake at neutral pH inhibitable by the model substrate... | [
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PMID:11001 | Calcium incorporation by smooth muscle microsomes. | The purpose of the present work was to study the factors influencing calcium incorporation into a microsomal fraction prepared from the longitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea-pig ileum. Calcium incorporation required the presence of both ATP and Mg2+ and was unaffected by azide. It was enhanced by oxalate; this effec... | Calcium incorporation by smooth muscle microsomes. The purpose of the present work was to study the factors influencing calcium incorporation into a microsomal fraction prepared from the longitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea-pig ileum. Calcium incorporation required the presence of both ATP and Mg2+ and was unaffect... | [
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PMID:11003 | Alternating current studies of charge carrier transport in lipid bilayers. Pentachlorophenol in lecithin-cholesterol membranes. | Surface and interior electrical properties of lecithin-cholesterol bilayer membranes treated with the uncoupler pentachlorophenol have been determined on the basis of a.c. measurements over a wide range of frequencies (0.02 to 1000 kHZ). The method used depends on accurately determining the resistance of the aqueous so... | Alternating current studies of charge carrier transport in lipid bilayers. Pentachlorophenol in lecithin-cholesterol membranes. Surface and interior electrical properties of lecithin-cholesterol bilayer membranes treated with the uncoupler pentachlorophenol have been determined on the basis of a.c. measurements over a ... | [
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PMID:11005 | The lasat mouse: a new model for transplantation of human tissues. | A new animal model characterized by hereditary athymia and asplenia was developed by breeding congenitally athymic with hereditarily asplenic mice. The new hybrids have no cellular immunity and produce significantly less antibody than nude mice. The lasat mouse has been found useful for the transplantation of normal an... | The lasat mouse: a new model for transplantation of human tissues. A new animal model characterized by hereditary athymia and asplenia was developed by breeding congenitally athymic with hereditarily asplenic mice. The new hybrids have no cellular immunity and produce significantly less antibody than nude mice. The las... | [
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PMID:11006 | The processing of human bone marrow for cryopreservation and reinfusion. | Bone marrow was aspirated from 22 patients with solid tumors. A median of 1.2 x 10(10) net bone marrow cells were obtained during a 1 hour 45 minute operative procedure. Three methods were used to concentrate the bone marrow for cryopreservation. The greatest concentration of mononuclear cells was obtained by the Haemo... | The processing of human bone marrow for cryopreservation and reinfusion. Bone marrow was aspirated from 22 patients with solid tumors. A median of 1.2 x 10(10) net bone marrow cells were obtained during a 1 hour 45 minute operative procedure. Three methods were used to concentrate the bone marrow for cryopreservation. ... | [
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PMID:11007 | Physical characteristics of porous cellulose beads as supporting material for immobilized enzymes. | Cellulose beads prepared in this report have high porosity (75-80%) and evenly distributed pores. The pore size is about 1000 A. The cellulose beads are physically strong and contain large amounts of reactive groups, making them suitable for use as carriers for immobilized enzymes. | Physical characteristics of porous cellulose beads as supporting material for immobilized enzymes. Cellulose beads prepared in this report have high porosity (75-80%) and evenly distributed pores. The pore size is about 1000 A. The cellulose beads are physically strong and contain large amounts of reactive groups, maki... | [
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PMID:11010 | [Induction of tyrosine aminotransferase by blastomogenic metabolites of tryptophan and tyrosine]. | A comparitive study was made of the effect produced by endogenous blastomogenic agents (3-oxyanthranylic and paraoxphenyl-lactic acids) and their nonblastomogenic anaogues (anthranylic and phenyl-lactic acids) on the activity of tyrosine-aminotranspherase in the rat liver. Blastomogenic metabolites proved to be capable... | [Induction of tyrosine aminotransferase by blastomogenic metabolites of tryptophan and tyrosine]. A comparitive study was made of the effect produced by endogenous blastomogenic agents (3-oxyanthranylic and paraoxphenyl-lactic acids) and their nonblastomogenic anaogues (anthranylic and phenyl-lactic acids) on the activ... | [
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PMID:11011 | [Effect of cocaine on the tyrosine hydroxylase of rat hypothalamus]. | The influence of cocaine on tyrosine hydroxilase of rat brain hypothalamus was investigated in vivo (0.5 mg/kg) and in vitro (10(--6)--10(--5)M). Cocaine was used as a substance with a known adrenergic type of action. It was shown that under standard conditions cocaine in vitro increased the enzyme activity and decreas... | [Effect of cocaine on the tyrosine hydroxylase of rat hypothalamus]. The influence of cocaine on tyrosine hydroxilase of rat brain hypothalamus was investigated in vivo (0.5 mg/kg) and in vitro (10(--6)--10(--5)M). Cocaine was used as a substance with a known adrenergic type of action. It was shown that under standard ... | [
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PMID:11012 | [Analysis of the structure of the components of the convulsive action of corazole following administration of sulazepam and its metabolites to mice]. | A study was made of the interrelationship between the minimal effective doses of pseudoclonic and clonico-tonic convulsions, and also tonic extension caused by the intravenous injection of corazol to mice and the effect of anticonvulsive action of sulazepam and its metabolites (diazepam, desmethyldiazepam and oxadiazep... | [Analysis of the structure of the components of the convulsive action of corazole following administration of sulazepam and its metabolites to mice]. A study was made of the interrelationship between the minimal effective doses of pseudoclonic and clonico-tonic convulsions, and also tonic extension caused by the intrav... | [
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PMID:11013 | [Participation of phytohemagglutinin-transformed mouse lymphocytes in development of the "graft-versus-host" reaction]. | Transformed lymphocytes obtained as a result of phytohemagglutinin-stimulation of the cells of the lymph nodes of the CBA mice were incapable of realizing the graft-versus-host reaction in administration to the sublethally irradiated (CBAXC57BL/6) F1 hybrids. In this case the graft-versus-host reaction is induced by sm... | [Participation of phytohemagglutinin-transformed mouse lymphocytes in development of the "graft-versus-host" reaction]. Transformed lymphocytes obtained as a result of phytohemagglutinin-stimulation of the cells of the lymph nodes of the CBA mice were incapable of realizing the graft-versus-host reaction in administrat... | [
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PMID:11014 | [Suppression of interferon synthesis during the "graft-versus-host" reaction in F1(CBAXC57BL/6) mice]. | The development of the graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in the F1(1CBA X C57BL/6 hybrid mice after the transplantation of spleen cells from the C57BL/6 parent donor resulted in a strong inhibition of the serum interferon production induced by the intraperitoneal injection of the Newcastle disease virus. In vitro with ... | [Suppression of interferon synthesis during the "graft-versus-host" reaction in F1(CBAXC57BL/6) mice]. The development of the graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in the F1(1CBA X C57BL/6 hybrid mice after the transplantation of spleen cells from the C57BL/6 parent donor resulted in a strong inhibition of the serum interf... | [
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PMID:11018 | Analgesia produced by morphine when acting from the liquor space. | 1 In cats analgesia was produced by morphine sulphate introduced into different parts of the liquor space in doses too small to be effective on intravenous injection. Analgesia was measured with the tail pinch method of Russell & Tate (1975). 2 On infusion into the fourth ventricle or into the subarachnoid space be... | Analgesia produced by morphine when acting from the liquor space. 1 In cats analgesia was produced by morphine sulphate introduced into different parts of the liquor space in doses too small to be effective on intravenous injection. Analgesia was measured with the tail pinch method of Russell & Tate (1975). 2 On in... | [
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PMID:11027 | Behavioural treatment of orgasmic dysfunction: a controlled study. | Twenty-two anorgasmic women received 20 sessions of a multiple-technique behavioural therapy. The design included blind ratings by two independent assessors, multiple assessment instruments, and a waiting list control group. Treatment was significantly better than no treatment in terms of: (1) the percentage of patient... | Behavioural treatment of orgasmic dysfunction: a controlled study. Twenty-two anorgasmic women received 20 sessions of a multiple-technique behavioural therapy. The design included blind ratings by two independent assessors, multiple assessment instruments, and a waiting list control group. Treatment was significantly ... | [
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PMID:11029 | The relationship of the serum gastrin and calcium concentrations in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. | The relationship between the serum gastrin and calcium concentrations has been examined in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. Variations in gastrin concentrations were induced by metiamide and secretin; calcium concentrations were altered by parathyroidectomy and by calcium infusion. Changes in the seru... | The relationship of the serum gastrin and calcium concentrations in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. The relationship between the serum gastrin and calcium concentrations has been examined in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. Variations in gastrin concentrations were induced by metiam... | [
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PMID:11030 | Inhibitors of gastric secretion: current progress. | Several new compounds have become available recently which are potent inhibitors of gastric secretion. The therapeutic potential of these inhibitors in the peptic ulcer diathesis is reviewed and it is concluded that the histamine H2-receptor antagonists show most promise at present. The prostaglandins and gastro-intest... | Inhibitors of gastric secretion: current progress. Several new compounds have become available recently which are potent inhibitors of gastric secretion. The therapeutic potential of these inhibitors in the peptic ulcer diathesis is reviewed and it is concluded that the histamine H2-receptor antagonists show most promi... | [
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PMID:11035 | Effect of surgical isolation of the hypothalamus on its neurotransmitter content. | The concentrations of norepinephrine, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, dopamine, tyrosine hydroxylase, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase, serotonin, tryptophan hydroxylase, histamine, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and choline acetyltransferase were determined in selected hypothalamic nuclei and in the median eminence aft... | Effect of surgical isolation of the hypothalamus on its neurotransmitter content. The concentrations of norepinephrine, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, dopamine, tyrosine hydroxylase, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase, serotonin, tryptophan hydroxylase, histamine, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and choline acetyltransfer... | [
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PMID:11038 | Cardiac responsiveness to beta-adrenergic stimulation in experimental anemia. | Cardiac reactivity of beta-adrenergic stimulation was assessed by isoproterenol dose-reponse curves (dose range 0.025-0.4 mug/kg) before and 1 h after the rapid induction of anemia in dogs anesthetized with halothane:N2O:O2. Anemai (hematocrit = 16 +/- 4%) was induced by an isovolumic exchange transfusion with Dextran ... | Cardiac responsiveness to beta-adrenergic stimulation in experimental anemia. Cardiac reactivity of beta-adrenergic stimulation was assessed by isoproterenol dose-reponse curves (dose range 0.025-0.4 mug/kg) before and 1 h after the rapid induction of anemia in dogs anesthetized with halothane:N2O:O2. Anemai (hematocri... | [
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PMID:11039 | Propranolol induces acute natriuresis by beta blockade and dopaminergic stimulation. | dl-Propranolol (0.8-1.6 mg/kg - h for 1 h) produced a transient two- to three-fold increase in sodium excretion in nondiuretic rats infused with Pitressin and aldosterone and in water diuretic rats. Sodium excretion increased more in rats depleted of renin by chronic Doca and salt administration than in rats maintained... | Propranolol induces acute natriuresis by beta blockade and dopaminergic stimulation. dl-Propranolol (0.8-1.6 mg/kg - h for 1 h) produced a transient two- to three-fold increase in sodium excretion in nondiuretic rats infused with Pitressin and aldosterone and in water diuretic rats. Sodium excretion increased more in r... | [
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PMID:11040 | Differences in the altered energy metabolism of hemorrhagic shock and hypoxemia. | The effect of hemorrhagic shock, hypoxemia, and anoxia on the levels of adenine and pyridine nucleotides of liver and kidney was assessed. ATP levels in liver and kidney of animals in shock or animals subjected to 7 min of anoxia decreased by 85 and 73%, respectively. Under hypoxic conditions (arterial PO2 AT 18 MMHg),... | Differences in the altered energy metabolism of hemorrhagic shock and hypoxemia. The effect of hemorrhagic shock, hypoxemia, and anoxia on the levels of adenine and pyridine nucleotides of liver and kidney was assessed. ATP levels in liver and kidney of animals in shock or animals subjected to 7 min of anoxia decreased... | [
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PMID:11041 | Reduction in brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity following acetylcholinesterase blockade in rats. | Activation of cholinergic neurons in the brain is produced by administration of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors physostigmine and diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). This activation has a biphasic effect on tyrosine hydroxylase (EC 4.14.3-) activity. The acute effect of DFP, 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, or physostigmi... | Reduction in brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity following acetylcholinesterase blockade in rats. Activation of cholinergic neurons in the brain is produced by administration of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors physostigmine and diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). This activation has a biphasic effect on tyrosine hydr... | [
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PMID:11042 | Reduced hemoglobin affinity for oxygen in venous blood following hemodilution, independent of changes in pH or PCO2. | A rapidly induced and readily reversible shift in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen has been demonstrated. The shift, similar to the Bohr effect, is independent of PCO2 or pH changes. It occurred within 30 min of hemodilution and was seen in portal venous blood but not arterial blood. A hypothesis is suggested invo... | Reduced hemoglobin affinity for oxygen in venous blood following hemodilution, independent of changes in pH or PCO2. A rapidly induced and readily reversible shift in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen has been demonstrated. The shift, similar to the Bohr effect, is independent of PCO2 or pH changes. It occurred wit... | [
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PMID:11043 | Microdose mammography. | Tens of thousands of mammograms are performed daily in the United States. Accumulated radiation biologic data suggest that approximately 90-rad is the level of radition to the breast above which the incidence of cancer may be increase. A microdose system of roentgenography is described that provides better images at on... | Microdose mammography. Tens of thousands of mammograms are performed daily in the United States. Accumulated radiation biologic data suggest that approximately 90-rad is the level of radition to the breast above which the incidence of cancer may be increase. A microdose system of roentgenography is described that provi... | [
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PMID:11049 | An ESR study of the anchoring of spin-labeled stearic acid in lecithin multilayers. | In egg lecithin-water lamellar phases, spin-labeled stearic acid gives two superimposed ESR spectra which are only well resolved when the temperature is greater than 30 degrees C. These two spectral components are attributed to the dissociated and non-dissociated forms of the fatty acid carboxylic group, anchored at tw... | An ESR study of the anchoring of spin-labeled stearic acid in lecithin multilayers. In egg lecithin-water lamellar phases, spin-labeled stearic acid gives two superimposed ESR spectra which are only well resolved when the temperature is greater than 30 degrees C. These two spectral components are attributed to the diss... | [
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PMID:11051 | [Guinea pig liver cytosol has an L-threonine deaminase activity distinct from L-serine deaminase]. | Using sodium sulfate precipitation, "Sephadex G200" gel filtration and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a L-threonine desaminase was demonstrated in the Guinea-Pig liver cytosol. This enzyme was separated from the guinea pig liver L-serine desaminase possessing an auxiliary activity on L-threonine substrate describe... | [Guinea pig liver cytosol has an L-threonine deaminase activity distinct from L-serine deaminase]. Using sodium sulfate precipitation, "Sephadex G200" gel filtration and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a L-threonine desaminase was demonstrated in the Guinea-Pig liver cytosol. This enzyme was separated from the guin... | [
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PMID:11052 | Comparison of internal mammary artery and saphenous vein bypass grafts for myocardial revascularization: exercise test and angiographic correlations. | The effectiveness of myocardial perfusion with internal mammary artery (IMA) bypass revascularization has been questioned. We compared 37 patients with single patent IMA bypass grafts with 26 patients who had single patent saphenous vein graft (SVG) bypass. Serial computer assisted graded maximal stress testing was use... | Comparison of internal mammary artery and saphenous vein bypass grafts for myocardial revascularization: exercise test and angiographic correlations. The effectiveness of myocardial perfusion with internal mammary artery (IMA) bypass revascularization has been questioned. We compared 37 patients with single patent IMA ... | [
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PMID:11053 | Renal acidification in hypothyroid man. | The role of thyroid hormone in renal hydrogen ion secretion remains largely unknown, and there is only limited information on renal acidification in hypothyroid patients. In the present study two of five adult male patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism and without clinical evidence of systemic autoimmune disea... | Renal acidification in hypothyroid man. The role of thyroid hormone in renal hydrogen ion secretion remains largely unknown, and there is only limited information on renal acidification in hypothyroid patients. In the present study two of five adult male patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism and without clinic... | [
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PMID:11056 | Group desensitization of dissimilar anxieties. | Group desensitization is an effective, efficient anxiety-reduction therapy that, nonetheless, is not applicable in most mental health settings. This paper outlines several procedural modifications that make possible the desensitization of diverse anxieties within a single group and thus make group desensitization a mor... | Group desensitization of dissimilar anxieties. Group desensitization is an effective, efficient anxiety-reduction therapy that, nonetheless, is not applicable in most mental health settings. This paper outlines several procedural modifications that make possible the desensitization of diverse anxieties within a single ... | [
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PMID:11078 | Effect of ascorbic acid on arylsulfatase A and B activities in human chondrocyte cultures. | Cultured normal human articular cartilage chondrocytes exhibited decreasing levels of arylsulfatase A and B activities when grown in the presence of increasing levels of ascorbic acid (0 to 90 mug/ml) in the media. That this was not a general effect on all lysosomal enzymes was supported by the increase in acid phospha... | Effect of ascorbic acid on arylsulfatase A and B activities in human chondrocyte cultures. Cultured normal human articular cartilage chondrocytes exhibited decreasing levels of arylsulfatase A and B activities when grown in the presence of increasing levels of ascorbic acid (0 to 90 mug/ml) in the media. That this was ... | [
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PMID:11079 | Enzymes from human articular cartilage: isolation of arylsulfatase B and its comparison with arylsulfatase A. | This study describes the isolation of arylsulfatases A and B (arylsulfate sulfohydrolase EC 3.1.6.1) from human articular cartilage. These enzymes were extracted from collagenase digests of tissue homogenates. After fractionation with ammonium sulfate the enzymes were separated from each other by DEAE-cellulose chromat... | Enzymes from human articular cartilage: isolation of arylsulfatase B and its comparison with arylsulfatase A. This study describes the isolation of arylsulfatases A and B (arylsulfate sulfohydrolase EC 3.1.6.1) from human articular cartilage. These enzymes were extracted from collagenase digests of tissue homogenates. ... | [
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PMID:11080 | Lorazepam as a sedative-amnesic in an intensive care unit. | A clinical study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of intravenous lorazepam, given for sedation instead of opiate narcotics or diazepam, in 25 seriously-ill patients being treated in a respiratory and intensive care unit. All but 3 patients were on assisted ventilation. Standard doses of 4 mg lorazepam were gi... | Lorazepam as a sedative-amnesic in an intensive care unit. A clinical study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of intravenous lorazepam, given for sedation instead of opiate narcotics or diazepam, in 25 seriously-ill patients being treated in a respiratory and intensive care unit. All but 3 patients were on ass... | [
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PMID:11086 | [Effective treatment of duodenal ulcer with cimetidine (author's transl)]. | Twelve male duodenal ulcer in-patients received in a double-blind trial either the histamine H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine (4 X 200 mg/d p.o.) or placebo capsules. Ulcer sizes were assessed endoscopically before therapy followed by repeat endoscopy at weekly intervals. Duodenal ulcer healing was significantly more ... | [Effective treatment of duodenal ulcer with cimetidine (author's transl)]. Twelve male duodenal ulcer in-patients received in a double-blind trial either the histamine H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine (4 X 200 mg/d p.o.) or placebo capsules. Ulcer sizes were assessed endoscopically before therapy followed by repeat en... | [
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PMID:11087 | [Treatment of diabetic coma and precoma with continuous low-dose insulin infusions (author's transl)]. | 13 patients, nine women and four men, aged 22 to 83 years, were treated for diabetic coma or precoma between September 1974 and January 1976. Ten patients were known diabetics and six of them had been treated with insulin. On admission blood sugar was 32.4 +/- 3.3 mmol/l (5.84 +/- 0.6 g/l). The capillary blood pH was 7... | [Treatment of diabetic coma and precoma with continuous low-dose insulin infusions (author's transl)]. 13 patients, nine women and four men, aged 22 to 83 years, were treated for diabetic coma or precoma between September 1974 and January 1976. Ten patients were known diabetics and six of them had been treated with ins... | [
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PMID:11091 | [Tranquilizers. Pharmacologic aspects]. | An inventory was made of the various substances utilized as minor tranquillizers in man. Throughout the various methods of study of these drugs in animals the main pharmacological properties of tranquillizing drugs were considered. Attention is drawn on the various secondary or adverse effects of minor tranquillizers. | [Tranquilizers. Pharmacologic aspects]. An inventory was made of the various substances utilized as minor tranquillizers in man. Throughout the various methods of study of these drugs in animals the main pharmacological properties of tranquillizing drugs were considered. Attention is drawn on the various secondary or a... | [
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PMID:11092 | [The sector and the walls of the asylum]. | The author has been able to strengthen his position of self confident, active practitioner by means of a noteworthy case: patient suffering of a chronic delusion whose internement has been avoided by the prescription of a long acting drug. | [The sector and the walls of the asylum]. The author has been able to strengthen his position of self confident, active practitioner by means of a noteworthy case: patient suffering of a chronic delusion whose internement has been avoided by the prescription of a long acting drug. | [
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PMID:11093 | Interaction of uteroglobin with progesterone, 5alphapregnane-3,20-dione and estrogens. | Uteroglobin was obtained from 5 day pregnant rabbits and purified to homogeneity by Sephadex G 75 and DEAE-cellulose chromatographies. Progesterone binding to uteroglobin was decreased by lyophilization and enhanced by SH-reducing agents. Dithiothreitol was more effective than dithioerythritol, and beta-mercaptoethanol... | Interaction of uteroglobin with progesterone, 5alphapregnane-3,20-dione and estrogens. Uteroglobin was obtained from 5 day pregnant rabbits and purified to homogeneity by Sephadex G 75 and DEAE-cellulose chromatographies. Progesterone binding to uteroglobin was decreased by lyophilization and enhanced by SH-reducing ag... | [
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PMID:11094 | Progesterone metabolism in vitro by rabbit testes at different stages of development. | Testicular homogenates from white rabbits of 0.4, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 18, and 24 months of age were incubated with [3H]progesterone and NADPH. At 12 days of age, major C21-17-OH-and C19- steroids formed from progesterone were 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone. However, at 4-24 months of age, 17alpha-hydroxyproges... | Progesterone metabolism in vitro by rabbit testes at different stages of development. Testicular homogenates from white rabbits of 0.4, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 18, and 24 months of age were incubated with [3H]progesterone and NADPH. At 12 days of age, major C21-17-OH-and C19- steroids formed from progesterone were 17alpha-hydro... | [
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PMID:11095 | Direct determination of ligand interactions with beta-adrenergic receptors on intact turkey erythrocytes: correlation of binding with biological activity. | Previous studies on the interaction of labeled beta-adrenergic blockers with beta-adrenergic receptors have employed broken cell or membrane preparations. We have now carried out direct binding analysis on intact turkey erythrocytes employing the potent, high specific activity blocker [125I]-hydroxbenzylpindolol (HYP).... | Direct determination of ligand interactions with beta-adrenergic receptors on intact turkey erythrocytes: correlation of binding with biological activity. Previous studies on the interaction of labeled beta-adrenergic blockers with beta-adrenergic receptors have employed broken cell or membrane preparations. We have no... | [
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0.0... |
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