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PMID:11270 | Active H+ transport in the turtle urinary bladder. Coupling of transport to glucose oxidation. | The turtle urinary bladder acidifies the contents of its lumen by actively transporting protons. H+ secretion by the isolated bladder was measured simultaneously with the rate of 14CO2 evolution from [14C]glucose. The application of an adverse pH gradient resulted in a decline in the rate of H+ secretion (JH) and in th... | Active H+ transport in the turtle urinary bladder. Coupling of transport to glucose oxidation. The turtle urinary bladder acidifies the contents of its lumen by actively transporting protons. H+ secretion by the isolated bladder was measured simultaneously with the rate of 14CO2 evolution from [14C]glucose. The applica... | [
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PMID:11271 | Analysis of the rhodopsin cycle in limulus ventral photoreceptors using the early receptor potential. | The early receptor potential (ERP) was recorded intracellularly from Limulus ventral photoreceptors. The ERP in cells dissected under red light was altered by exhaustive illumination. No recovery to the original wafeform was observed, even after 1 h in the dark. The ERP waveform could be further altered by chromatic ad... | Analysis of the rhodopsin cycle in limulus ventral photoreceptors using the early receptor potential. The early receptor potential (ERP) was recorded intracellularly from Limulus ventral photoreceptors. The ERP in cells dissected under red light was altered by exhaustive illumination. No recovery to the original wafefo... | [
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PMID:11272 | Ion permeability of isolated chromaffin granules. | The passive ion permeability, regulation of volume, and internal pH of isolated bovine chromaffin granules were studied by radiochemical, potentiometric, gravimetric, and spectrophotometric techniques. Chromaffin granules behave as perfect osmometers between 340 and 1,000 mosM in choline chloride, NaCl, and KCl as meas... | Ion permeability of isolated chromaffin granules. The passive ion permeability, regulation of volume, and internal pH of isolated bovine chromaffin granules were studied by radiochemical, potentiometric, gravimetric, and spectrophotometric techniques. Chromaffin granules behave as perfect osmometers between 340 and 1,0... | [
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PMID:11273 | Microcalorimetric detection of growth of Mycoplasmatales. | A static ampoule microcalorimeter was used to study the growth of mycoplasmas, acholeplasmas and ureaplasmas. Growth as indicated by thermograms was compared with the results of conventional methods, namely, terminal dilution counts, plate counts, turbidimetric measurements, glucose consumption and pH changes. Removal ... | Microcalorimetric detection of growth of Mycoplasmatales. A static ampoule microcalorimeter was used to study the growth of mycoplasmas, acholeplasmas and ureaplasmas. Growth as indicated by thermograms was compared with the results of conventional methods, namely, terminal dilution counts, plate counts, turbidimetric ... | [
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PMID:11274 | The effect of hydrogen peroxide on spores of Clostridium bifermentans. | The effect of hydrogen peroxide on the germination, colony formation and structure of spores of Clostridium bifermentans was examined. Treatment with 0.35 M-hydrogen peroxide increased the germination rate at 25 degrees C but increasing the temperature or concentration of hydrogen peroxide decreased both the germinatio... | The effect of hydrogen peroxide on spores of Clostridium bifermentans. The effect of hydrogen peroxide on the germination, colony formation and structure of spores of Clostridium bifermentans was examined. Treatment with 0.35 M-hydrogen peroxide increased the germination rate at 25 degrees C but increasing the temperat... | [
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PMID:11275 | Molluscum contagiosum -- a defective poxvirus? | Purified preparations of molluscum contagiosum virus contain a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6) with similar but not identical properties to those of the enzyme found in vaccinia virions. The ultraviolet inactivation kinetics of the RNA polymerase from both viruses were similar, displaying fast and slow compon... | Molluscum contagiosum -- a defective poxvirus? Purified preparations of molluscum contagiosum virus contain a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6) with similar but not identical properties to those of the enzyme found in vaccinia virions. The ultraviolet inactivation kinetics of the RNA polymerase from both viruse... | [
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PMID:11276 | Gel filtration of hepatitis B surface antigen: increased size of the native particle. | The Stokes radius of umpurified hepatitis B antigen (HBSAg) was determined by chromatography on a carefully calibrated Sepharose 4B column. A value of 14-2 nm was found by this procedure, contrasting with a published value of II nm for purified, pepsin-treated HBSAg. Chromatography at pH 3 appeared to reduce the Stroke... | Gel filtration of hepatitis B surface antigen: increased size of the native particle. The Stokes radius of umpurified hepatitis B antigen (HBSAg) was determined by chromatography on a carefully calibrated Sepharose 4B column. A value of 14-2 nm was found by this procedure, contrasting with a published value of II nm fo... | [
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PMID:11277 | Extrapyramidal effects of neuroleptics. | A study was conducted on 66 psychiatric inpatients who took major tranquilizers for periods of four to 16 years. The frequency of signs of Parkinsonism and the effects of orphenadrine on these were studied in a double-blind crossover method. Sixty-one per cent of the patients showed signs of Parkinsonism. Female patien... | Extrapyramidal effects of neuroleptics. A study was conducted on 66 psychiatric inpatients who took major tranquilizers for periods of four to 16 years. The frequency of signs of Parkinsonism and the effects of orphenadrine on these were studied in a double-blind crossover method. Sixty-one per cent of the patients sho... | [
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PMID:11279 | A health study of employees exposed to vinylidene chloride. | Previous studies have reported on employee populations exposed coincidentally to vinylidene chloride in copolymer processes using vinyl chloride. The current study examines the mortality and health examination findings of 138 employees exposed to measured levels of vinylidene chloride where vinyl chloride was not used ... | A health study of employees exposed to vinylidene chloride. Previous studies have reported on employee populations exposed coincidentally to vinylidene chloride in copolymer processes using vinyl chloride. The current study examines the mortality and health examination findings of 138 employees exposed to measured leve... | [
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PMID:11280 | An unusual bilateral pathological fracture. | An unusual case of a bilateral pathological fracture of the mandible has been presented. The fracture of the right side of the mandible was through an area of bacteroides osteomyelitis and the fracture of the left side of the mandible was through a large cementifying fibroma, which had replaced the left body of the man... | An unusual bilateral pathological fracture. An unusual case of a bilateral pathological fracture of the mandible has been presented. The fracture of the right side of the mandible was through an area of bacteroides osteomyelitis and the fracture of the left side of the mandible was through a large cementifying fibroma,... | [
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PMID:11278 | Fetal metachromatic leukodystrophy: pathology, biochemistry and a study of in vitro enzyme replacement in CNS tissue. | Brain tissue from a fetus with the diagnosis of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) became available at autopsy. Pathologic studies of the CNS showed inclusion bodies within oligodendroglia. The morphology of myelin was normal. Cells and myelin were isolated from the cerebrum; there was an increased level of sulfatide p... | Fetal metachromatic leukodystrophy: pathology, biochemistry and a study of in vitro enzyme replacement in CNS tissue. Brain tissue from a fetus with the diagnosis of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) became available at autopsy. Pathologic studies of the CNS showed inclusion bodies within oligodendroglia. The morpholo... | [
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PMID:11284 | Blood acid-base balance at birth in neonates from labors with early and late rupture of membranes. | The purpose of this study was to determine whether the early artificial rupture of the amniotic membranes performed to shorten the duration of an otherwise normal labor and delivery might have potentially deleterious effects on the fetus that would be reflected in the neonate. In 38 infants delivered at term, acid-base... | Blood acid-base balance at birth in neonates from labors with early and late rupture of membranes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the early artificial rupture of the amniotic membranes performed to shorten the duration of an otherwise normal labor and delivery might have potentially deleterious effe... | [
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PMID:11285 | The determination of phenothiazine drugs in pharmaceutical preparations by a difference spectrophotometric method. | A method is described for the rapid determination of phenothiazine drugs in a wide variety of pharmaceutical preparations. The drugs are determined by a difference spectrophotometric technique based upon the absorbance of the sulphoxide derivative of the drug relative to the absorbance of a solution of the underivatize... | The determination of phenothiazine drugs in pharmaceutical preparations by a difference spectrophotometric method. A method is described for the rapid determination of phenothiazine drugs in a wide variety of pharmaceutical preparations. The drugs are determined by a difference spectrophotometric technique based upon t... | [
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PMID:11286 | The influence of casting solvent composition on structure and permeability of acrylic-methacrylic ester copolymer films. | Decrease in the solvation of polymer by inclusion of ethanol in the acetone casting solution resulted in greater permeability to urea of cast acrylate-methacrylate film. The greater permeability was accompanied particularly by a decrease in pore size and increase in pore number, despite the absence of change in pore ar... | The influence of casting solvent composition on structure and permeability of acrylic-methacrylic ester copolymer films. Decrease in the solvation of polymer by inclusion of ethanol in the acetone casting solution resulted in greater permeability to urea of cast acrylate-methacrylate film. The greater permeability was ... | [
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PMID:11287 | The granulation of binary mixtures: the effects of the composition of the granulating solution and the initial particle size of one component on granule properties. | The effect of total solvent volume and the presence of dissolved material (other than binder) in the granulating solution, on the properties of granules prepared from lactose: boric acid mixtures has been studied. The total volume of binder solution available to powder mixtures during massing determines the ultimate av... | The granulation of binary mixtures: the effects of the composition of the granulating solution and the initial particle size of one component on granule properties. The effect of total solvent volume and the presence of dissolved material (other than binder) in the granulating solution, on the properties of granules pr... | [
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PMID:11288 | A thin-layer chromatographic procedure for the assay of labelled noradrenaline and its metabolites in tissues and in incubation medium. | A method for the extraction, separation and quantitative determination of [3H]noradrenaline [3H-NA] and its five major metabolites has been devised using thin layer chromatography. This procedure was used to study the pattern of 3H-NA and its metabolites in the total radioactivity of the tissues and that released spont... | A thin-layer chromatographic procedure for the assay of labelled noradrenaline and its metabolites in tissues and in incubation medium. A method for the extraction, separation and quantitative determination of [3H]noradrenaline [3H-NA] and its five major metabolites has been devised using thin layer chromatography. Thi... | [
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PMID:11289 | In vitro metabolism of 1-phenyl-2-(n-propylamino) propane (N-propylamphetamine) by rat liver homogenates. | In vitro incubation of (+/-)-N-(n-propyl)amphetamine (NPA) with the 12000 g supernatant fraction of rat liver hmogenate resulted in the formation of two N-oxygenated products identified as N-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2(n-propylamino)propane and N-[(1-methyl-2-phenyl) ethyl]-1-propanamine N-oxide by g.l.c., g.l.c.-m.s. and t.l.c... | In vitro metabolism of 1-phenyl-2-(n-propylamino) propane (N-propylamphetamine) by rat liver homogenates. In vitro incubation of (+/-)-N-(n-propyl)amphetamine (NPA) with the 12000 g supernatant fraction of rat liver hmogenate resulted in the formation of two N-oxygenated products identified as N-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2(n-pr... | [
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PMID:11290 | A proposed mechanism for the biphasic vasoconstrictor responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine and methysergide in the rabbit ear artery. | Rabbit ear arteries were isolated and perfused at a constant flow rate so that the perfusate flowed into the fluid bathing the adventitial surface of the artery. Submaximal doses of intraluminally applied noradrenaline injected as a bolus into the perfusion fluid produced transient monophasic vascoconstrictor responses... | A proposed mechanism for the biphasic vasoconstrictor responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine and methysergide in the rabbit ear artery. Rabbit ear arteries were isolated and perfused at a constant flow rate so that the perfusate flowed into the fluid bathing the adventitial surface of the artery. Submaximal doses of intralum... | [
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PMID:11291 | A comparison of the effects of morphine and pethidine upon body temperature and the reversal of reserpine's effects upon body temperature in the mouse. | The effects of morphine and pethidine upon body temperature and upon the reversal of reserpine hypothermia in the mouse were investigated. Both morphine and pethidine produced a dose-dependent fall in body temperature, that of morphine being totally antagonized by nalorphine and partially by naloxone, while that of pet... | A comparison of the effects of morphine and pethidine upon body temperature and the reversal of reserpine's effects upon body temperature in the mouse. The effects of morphine and pethidine upon body temperature and upon the reversal of reserpine hypothermia in the mouse were investigated. Both morphine and pethidine p... | [
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PMID:11292 | Enhancement of ethonol-induced withdrawal convulsions by blockade of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. | Male Swiss-Webster mice were made physically dependent on ethanol using the ethanol vapour inhalation technique. Animals pretreated with methysergide, a known 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor blocking agent, had significantly greater alcohol-induced withdrawal convulsions than saline pretreated controls. These findings sug... | Enhancement of ethonol-induced withdrawal convulsions by blockade of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. Male Swiss-Webster mice were made physically dependent on ethanol using the ethanol vapour inhalation technique. Animals pretreated with methysergide, a known 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor blocking agent, had significantl... | [
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PMID:11306 | Dioxygenated metabolites of cannabidiol formed by rat liver. | The metabolism of cannabidiol (CBD) was studied in vitro using a 10 000 g supernatant from rat liver. After removal of unchanged CBD and its monohydroxylated metabolites, a polar fraction remained from which ten dioxygenated metabolites were isolated. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were u... | Dioxygenated metabolites of cannabidiol formed by rat liver. The metabolism of cannabidiol (CBD) was studied in vitro using a 10 000 g supernatant from rat liver. After removal of unchanged CBD and its monohydroxylated metabolites, a polar fraction remained from which ten dioxygenated metabolites were isolated. Mass sp... | [
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PMID:11307 | Effects of various diuretic agents in the mouse. | Diuretic effects of seven orally-acting diuretic agents have been examined in the mouse. The following compounds, examples of various types of orally active compound available, produced their characteristic diuretic effects: bendrofluazide, frusemide, ethacrynic acid, acetazolamide, triamterene, aminophylline and Su 15... | Effects of various diuretic agents in the mouse. Diuretic effects of seven orally-acting diuretic agents have been examined in the mouse. The following compounds, examples of various types of orally active compound available, produced their characteristic diuretic effects: bendrofluazide, frusemide, ethacrynic acid, ac... | [
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PMID:11308 | Effects of animal maturity on smooth muscle and blood pressure responses to prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha. | The effects of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and F2alpha (PGF2-alpha) on muscle strips from mature and immature rats and guinea-pigs and on rat blood pressure were investigated in the presence of atropine. The colon and stomach strips from immature rats were equally responsive to PGE 2 and PGF2alpha where mature colons were... | Effects of animal maturity on smooth muscle and blood pressure responses to prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha. The effects of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and F2alpha (PGF2-alpha) on muscle strips from mature and immature rats and guinea-pigs and on rat blood pressure were investigated in the presence of atropine. The colon an... | [
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PMID:11309 | Actions of the muscle relaxant chandonium iodide on guinea-pig ileum and vas deferens preparations. | The effects of the newly synthesized neuromuscular blocking agent, chandonium iodide (17a-methyl-3beta-pyrrolidino-17a-aza-D-homo-5-androstene dimethiodide) have been investigated on guinea-pig isolated ileum and vas deferens preparations. On the ileum, chandonium (0-1-10-0 mug ml(-1); 1-6 X 10(-7) M-1-6 X 10(-5) M) ha... | Actions of the muscle relaxant chandonium iodide on guinea-pig ileum and vas deferens preparations. The effects of the newly synthesized neuromuscular blocking agent, chandonium iodide (17a-methyl-3beta-pyrrolidino-17a-aza-D-homo-5-androstene dimethiodide) have been investigated on guinea-pig isolated ileum and vas def... | [
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PMID:11310 | A comparative study of the effect of bile salts on the absorption of quinalbarbitone sodium in goldfish. | The goldfish has been used as a model membrane to estimate the absorption of quinalbarbitone sodium by measurement of overturn time. The effect of sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate, sodium chenodeoxycholate and sodium taurodeoxycholate on the quinalbarbitone-induced overturn time has been investigated and differences... | A comparative study of the effect of bile salts on the absorption of quinalbarbitone sodium in goldfish. The goldfish has been used as a model membrane to estimate the absorption of quinalbarbitone sodium by measurement of overturn time. The effect of sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate, sodium chenodeoxycholate and so... | [
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PMID:11311 | Gels in soap stabilized emulsions. | In some soap stabilized liquid paraffin emulsions a correlation has been found between emulsion type and the contact angle of the soap gel (the stabilizing agent) at the o/w interface. Two unrelated series of emulsions have been prepared, one series being stabilized by magnesium oleate gels and the other series by ammo... | Gels in soap stabilized emulsions. In some soap stabilized liquid paraffin emulsions a correlation has been found between emulsion type and the contact angle of the soap gel (the stabilizing agent) at the o/w interface. Two unrelated series of emulsions have been prepared, one series being stabilized by magnesium oleat... | [
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PMID:11312 | The effect of waxes, hydrolysed gelatin and moisture on the compression characteristics of paracetamol and phenacetin. | Stearic acid or hard paraffin added to crystals of paracetamol and phenacetin reduced capping of tablets prepared by direct compression but did not produce acceptable tablets because the inter-particular bonds were very weak. The pressure cycle that can be constructed form the measurement of the axial pressure and the ... | The effect of waxes, hydrolysed gelatin and moisture on the compression characteristics of paracetamol and phenacetin. Stearic acid or hard paraffin added to crystals of paracetamol and phenacetin reduced capping of tablets prepared by direct compression but did not produce acceptable tablets because the inter-particul... | [
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PMID:11313 | Effect of disintegrant type upon the relationship between compressional pressure and dissolution efficiency. | Four tablet disintegrants: a relatively insoluble sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, casein formaldehyde, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose and a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone have been evaluated. Three widely used disintegrants, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium starch glycolate and a cation exchange resin were in... | Effect of disintegrant type upon the relationship between compressional pressure and dissolution efficiency. Four tablet disintegrants: a relatively insoluble sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, casein formaldehyde, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose and a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone have been evaluated. Three widely us... | [
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PMID:11314 | Changes in crystallinity and solubility on comminution of digoxin and observations on spironolactone and oestradiol. | Using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, solubility and dissolution rate measurements, it was demonstrated that the comminution of digoxin results in the appearance of an amorphous phase. The examination of spironolactone and 17 beta-oestradiol by i... | Changes in crystallinity and solubility on comminution of digoxin and observations on spironolactone and oestradiol. Using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, solubility and dissolution rate measurements, it was demonstrated that the comminution of d... | [
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PMID:11330 | Comparative stability of cephalosporins in aqueous solution: kinetics and mechanisms of degradation. | The acidic, neutral, and alkaline degradations of six therapeutically useful cephalosporins (cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephaloglycin, cephalexin, cephradine, and cefazolin), 7-amino-cephalosporanic acid, 7-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid, and some 7-substituted derivatives were followed by high-pressure liquid chr... | Comparative stability of cephalosporins in aqueous solution: kinetics and mechanisms of degradation. The acidic, neutral, and alkaline degradations of six therapeutically useful cephalosporins (cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephaloglycin, cephalexin, cephradine, and cefazolin), 7-amino-cephalosporanic acid, 7-aminodeacet... | [
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PMID:11331 | Simultaneous semiautomated assay of pyrrobutamine phosphate, cyclopentamine hydrochloride, and methapyrilene hydrochloride in pharmaceutical mixtures. | Antihistamine preparations containing methapyrilene hydrochloride, pyrrobutamine phosphate, and cyclopentamine hydrochloride were assayed by introducing an aqueous sample solution into the appropriate automated system. Methapyrilene hydrochloride was determined by UV spectrophotometry. Pyrrobutamine phosphate was extra... | Simultaneous semiautomated assay of pyrrobutamine phosphate, cyclopentamine hydrochloride, and methapyrilene hydrochloride in pharmaceutical mixtures. Antihistamine preparations containing methapyrilene hydrochloride, pyrrobutamine phosphate, and cyclopentamine hydrochloride were assayed by introducing an aqueous sampl... | [
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PMID:11332 | Effect of polymers on dissolution from drug suspensions. | The effect of three viscosity grades of methylcellulose on the dissolution-dialysis rate of nitrofurantoin suspensions was investigated using a cell designed to provide a large surface area for dialysis. Apparent dialytic rate constants of drug dispersions and solutions were measured in 0.1 N HC1 and in pH 7.4 buffer. ... | Effect of polymers on dissolution from drug suspensions. The effect of three viscosity grades of methylcellulose on the dissolution-dialysis rate of nitrofurantoin suspensions was investigated using a cell designed to provide a large surface area for dialysis. Apparent dialytic rate constants of drug dispersions and so... | [
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... |
PMID:11333 | Biotransformation of drugs: quantitative structure-activity relationships for barbiturates, tertiary amines, and substituted imidazoles. | When using free energy-related physicochemical parameters, stimulation of NADPH oxidation by barbiturates and the N-oxidation of tertiary amines was found to be primarily dependent upon the lipophilic character of the substrates as measured by log P, where P is the partition coefficient from either 1-octanol-water or c... | Biotransformation of drugs: quantitative structure-activity relationships for barbiturates, tertiary amines, and substituted imidazoles. When using free energy-related physicochemical parameters, stimulation of NADPH oxidation by barbiturates and the N-oxidation of tertiary amines was found to be primarily dependent up... | [
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PMID:11334 | Effect of topically applied pilocarpine on tear film pH. | Changes in tear film pH were observed during the 1st hr after instillation of pilocarpine in various dosage forms to the rabbit eye. In anesthetized rabbits, with periodic blinking induced electrically, commercial formulations of pilocarpine salts applied as drops or a spray acutely lowered tear film pH by 1.1-1.6 pH u... | Effect of topically applied pilocarpine on tear film pH. Changes in tear film pH were observed during the 1st hr after instillation of pilocarpine in various dosage forms to the rabbit eye. In anesthetized rabbits, with periodic blinking induced electrically, commercial formulations of pilocarpine salts applied as drop... | [
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PMID:11335 | Effect of formulation of intramuscular injections of phenothiazines on duration of activity. | Trifluoperazine and pericyazine were formulated using both the hydrochloride and embonate salts, and some comparisons were made with the activity of fluphenazine salt and ester formulations. Simple solutions in polyethylene glycol, gelled aqueous solutions, nonaqueous suspensions, multiple emulsions, and microencapsula... | Effect of formulation of intramuscular injections of phenothiazines on duration of activity. Trifluoperazine and pericyazine were formulated using both the hydrochloride and embonate salts, and some comparisons were made with the activity of fluphenazine salt and ester formulations. Simple solutions in polyethylene gly... | [
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PMID:11336 | Pulmonary absorption studies utilizing in situ rat lung model: designing dosage regimen for bronchial delivery of new drug entities. | The absorption of 7-methylsulfinylxanthone-2-carboxylic acid, 7-(methylthio)xanthone-2-carboxylic acid, and their sodium salts from the respiratory tract of anesthetized rats was studied after intratracheal administration of 0.1 ml of a solution or suspension containing the drug. At various times after administration, ... | Pulmonary absorption studies utilizing in situ rat lung model: designing dosage regimen for bronchial delivery of new drug entities. The absorption of 7-methylsulfinylxanthone-2-carboxylic acid, 7-(methylthio)xanthone-2-carboxylic acid, and their sodium salts from the respiratory tract of anesthetized rats was studied ... | [
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PMID:11337 | Colorimetric assay for guaiacol O-methyltransferase. | A relatively simple colorimetric assay was developed for guaiacol O-methyltransferase. Monomethylated phenolic acid substrates are enzymatically methylated to their corresponding dimethoxyl compounds; S-adenosylmethionine serves as the methyl donor. Enzymatic activity is measured by colorimetric assay of the monomethyl... | Colorimetric assay for guaiacol O-methyltransferase. A relatively simple colorimetric assay was developed for guaiacol O-methyltransferase. Monomethylated phenolic acid substrates are enzymatically methylated to their corresponding dimethoxyl compounds; S-adenosylmethionine serves as the methyl donor. Enzymatic activit... | [
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PMID:11338 | Investigations on metabolic modulation of p-aminohippurate accumulation by rabbit renal cortical slices. | Preparation and incubation of renal cortical slices from adult, female, New Zealand white rabbit depleted tissue citrate concentration. Acetate (10.0 mM) in the incubation significantly increased slice citrate concentration and p-aminohippurate (PAH) accumulation. Physiological concentrations of citrate increased PAH a... | Investigations on metabolic modulation of p-aminohippurate accumulation by rabbit renal cortical slices. Preparation and incubation of renal cortical slices from adult, female, New Zealand white rabbit depleted tissue citrate concentration. Acetate (10.0 mM) in the incubation significantly increased slice citrate conce... | [
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PMID:11339 | Properties of the larval neuromuscular junction in Drosophila melanogaster. | The anatomy and physiology of the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction were studied. 2. The dependence of muscle resting potentials on [K+]o and [Na+]o follows the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation (PNa/PK=0-23). Chloride ions distribute passively across the membrane. 3. The mean specific membrane resistance of muscle ... | Properties of the larval neuromuscular junction in Drosophila melanogaster. The anatomy and physiology of the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction were studied. 2. The dependence of muscle resting potentials on [K+]o and [Na+]o follows the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation (PNa/PK=0-23). Chloride ions distribute passiv... | [
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PMID:11340 | The effects of pH changes on the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials at the frog neuromuscular junction. | As reported by Landau & Nachshen (1975), a decrease in extracellular pH at the frog neuromuscular junction leads to an increase in min.e.p.p. frequency. 2. Decreasing the extracellular pH still increases the min.e.p.p. frequency when the bathing Ringer contains 10 mM-Ca2+, in place of the usual 2-5 mM. At the mamma... | The effects of pH changes on the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials at the frog neuromuscular junction. As reported by Landau & Nachshen (1975), a decrease in extracellular pH at the frog neuromuscular junction leads to an increase in min.e.p.p. frequency. 2. Decreasing the extracellular pH still increases... | [
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PMID:11341 | The effect of local changes in potassium and bicarbonate concentration on hypothalamic blood flow in the rabbit. | Blood flow has been measured locally in the hypothalamus of anaesthetized rabbits by measuring the clearance of small volumes (5-20 mul.) of a mock cerebrospinal fluid solution containing 133Xe. The effect of varying the [K+] or [HCO-3] of the 133Xe-containing solution on local hypothalamic blood flow has been investig... | The effect of local changes in potassium and bicarbonate concentration on hypothalamic blood flow in the rabbit. Blood flow has been measured locally in the hypothalamus of anaesthetized rabbits by measuring the clearance of small volumes (5-20 mul.) of a mock cerebrospinal fluid solution containing 133Xe. The effect o... | [
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PMID:11342 | On the receptors which mediate the hyperpolarization of salivary gland cells of Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier. | The actions of sympathomimetics and of catecholamine antagonists have been investigated on the membrane potential and responses to nerve stimulation of acinar cells of the salivary gland of Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier. 2. Hyperpolarizations such as those evoked by nerve stimulation and by low concentrations of adrenaline... | On the receptors which mediate the hyperpolarization of salivary gland cells of Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier. The actions of sympathomimetics and of catecholamine antagonists have been investigated on the membrane potential and responses to nerve stimulation of acinar cells of the salivary gland of Nauphoeta cinerea Olivi... | [
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PMID:11343 | Heat treatment of laser-welded gold alloys. | (1) Three alloys, G-3, SMG-2, and Ceramco-0, showed no ductility in the aswelded condition. (2) The Ney G-3 as-welded samples had no ductility, but heat treating greatly increased their yield stress. (3) The simulated ceramic firing cycle created a small amount of ductility in SMG-2, but the lowering of the yield stre... | Heat treatment of laser-welded gold alloys. (1) Three alloys, G-3, SMG-2, and Ceramco-0, showed no ductility in the aswelded condition. (2) The Ney G-3 as-welded samples had no ductility, but heat treating greatly increased their yield stress. (3) The simulated ceramic firing cycle created a small amount of ductility ... | [
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PMID:11345 | Correlation of opiate receptor affinity with analgetic effects of meperidine homologues. | The affinity for opiate receptor sites in brain tissue in a series of N-substituted meperidine homologues has been compared with the analgetic potency of these compounds in mice. There is a good correlation between affinity for opiate receptor binding sites assayed in the presence of sodium and analgetic potency for h... | Correlation of opiate receptor affinity with analgetic effects of meperidine homologues. The affinity for opiate receptor sites in brain tissue in a series of N-substituted meperidine homologues has been compared with the analgetic potency of these compounds in mice. There is a good correlation between affinity for op... | [
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PMID:11346 | Pharmacological activity of nitroxide analogues of dichloroisoproterenol and propranolol. | Spin-labeled analogues of dichloroisoproterenol and propranolol were synthesized. It was found that the KD's of both probes for the beta-adrenergic receptors of frog erythrocytes were about 30-fold higher than the KD's previously reported for the parent antagonists. Thus the introduction of a bulky nitroxide moiety in ... | Pharmacological activity of nitroxide analogues of dichloroisoproterenol and propranolol. Spin-labeled analogues of dichloroisoproterenol and propranolol were synthesized. It was found that the KD's of both probes for the beta-adrenergic receptors of frog erythrocytes were about 30-fold higher than the KD's previously ... | [
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PMID:11347 | Cycloalkanones. 9. Comparison of analogues which inhibit cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. | A number of 2,8-dibenzylcyclooctanone analogues inhibited the HMG-CoA reductases activity of Holtzman male rat liver, whereas only 2-octanone, 2-hexadecanone, 2,8-dibenzylcyclooctanone derivatives, and 2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-4-pyrone inhibited fatty acid synthetase activity. 2-Octanone significant... | Cycloalkanones. 9. Comparison of analogues which inhibit cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. A number of 2,8-dibenzylcyclooctanone analogues inhibited the HMG-CoA reductases activity of Holtzman male rat liver, whereas only 2-octanone, 2-hexadecanone, 2,8-dibenzylcyclooctanone derivatives, and 2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3... | [
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PMID:11348 | Structural characteristics of the saxitoxin receptor on nerve. | The effects of uranyl ion (UO22+; at low concentrations binds specifically to phosphate groups) and the cationic dye methylene blue (MB+; binds strongly to carboxyl groups) on saxitoxin (STX) potency in crayfish axon has been studied by means of intracellular microelectrodes. At pH 6.00 +/- 0.05 and 13.5 mM Ca2+, addit... | Structural characteristics of the saxitoxin receptor on nerve. The effects of uranyl ion (UO22+; at low concentrations binds specifically to phosphate groups) and the cationic dye methylene blue (MB+; binds strongly to carboxyl groups) on saxitoxin (STX) potency in crayfish axon has been studied by means of intracellul... | [
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PMID:11349 | Ca binding to the human red cell membrane: characterization of membrane preparations and binding sites. | Inside out and right side out vesicles were used to study the sidedness of Ca binding to the human red cell membrane. It was shown that these vesicles exhibited only a limited permeability to Ca, enabling the independent characterization of Ca binding to the extracellular and cytoplasmic membrane surfaces... | Ca binding to the human red cell membrane: characterization of membrane preparations and binding sites. Inside out and right side out vesicles were used to study the sidedness of Ca binding to the human red cell membrane. It was shown that these vesicles exhibited only a limited permeability to Ca, enabling the indepen... | [
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PMID:11350 | Influence of extracellular pH on the viability and morphology of tumor cells exposed to hyperthermia. | The influence of hyperthermia (42.5 degrees C) on the viability and morphology of L1A2 ascites cells incubated at various pH levels (6.4-7.2) was studied. In contrast to unheated cells, increased extracellular acidity in hyperthermically treated tumor cells was associated with markedly reduced viability of the tumor ce... | Influence of extracellular pH on the viability and morphology of tumor cells exposed to hyperthermia. The influence of hyperthermia (42.5 degrees C) on the viability and morphology of L1A2 ascites cells incubated at various pH levels (6.4-7.2) was studied. In contrast to unheated cells, increased extracellular acidity ... | [
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PMID:11351 | Estrogen-induced Leydig cell tumor in the mouse: a model system for the study of carcinogenesis and hormone dependency. | Malignant neoplasms of endocrine tissues represent almost half of the cancers diagnosed clinically in the United States, and many of these respond to hormonal therapies. Estrogen-induced testicular Leydig cell tumors in the mouse would seem to represent a realistic model for the laboratory investigation of this signifi... | Estrogen-induced Leydig cell tumor in the mouse: a model system for the study of carcinogenesis and hormone dependency. Malignant neoplasms of endocrine tissues represent almost half of the cancers diagnosed clinically in the United States, and many of these respond to hormonal therapies. Estrogen-induced testicular Le... | [
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PMID:11352 | Metabolism of diethylstilbestrol by rat liver: a preliminary report. | Aerobic incubation of a misture of E[1,1,1-D3]-3,4;bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-hex-3-ene admixed with an approximately equimolar amount of unlabeled diethylstilbestrol and [ 2-(14)C ] diethylstilbestrol with rat liver homogenates in the presence of NADPH yielded water-soluble metabolites as well as products more and less pola... | Metabolism of diethylstilbestrol by rat liver: a preliminary report. Aerobic incubation of a misture of E[1,1,1-D3]-3,4;bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-hex-3-ene admixed with an approximately equimolar amount of unlabeled diethylstilbestrol and [ 2-(14)C ] diethylstilbestrol with rat liver homogenates in the presence of NADPH yie... | [
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PMID:11353 | Reflections on Second Annual NCTR Hormone Research Symposium. | Hormones have widely different effects depending on species, dosage use, timing of dosage, route of administration, status of animals (re: pregnancy, stage of estrous cycle, age), and end point being measured. Hormones are essential to both maintenance and quality of life, and they occur in our environment with regular... | Reflections on Second Annual NCTR Hormone Research Symposium. Hormones have widely different effects depending on species, dosage use, timing of dosage, route of administration, status of animals (re: pregnancy, stage of estrous cycle, age), and end point being measured. Hormones are essential to both maintenance and q... | [
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PMID:11354 | Bromodeoxyuridine resistance induced in mouse lymphoma cells by microsomal activation of dimethylnitrosamine. | Many chemicals are not mutagenic per se, but when metabolized by mammalian tissues yield mutagenic products. Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) is such a promutagen. It has no effect on cell growth or mutant frequency when incubated alone with L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, but exerts both mutagenic and toxic effects when incubat... | Bromodeoxyuridine resistance induced in mouse lymphoma cells by microsomal activation of dimethylnitrosamine. Many chemicals are not mutagenic per se, but when metabolized by mammalian tissues yield mutagenic products. Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) is such a promutagen. It has no effect on cell growth or mutant frequency w... | [
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PMID:11355 | Absorption, utilization, and safety of aspartic acid. | The dicarboxylic amino acids, asparate and glutamate, occupy unique positions in intermediary metabolism, particularly in the mitochondria, where they play important roles in nitrogen and energy metabolism. Administration of large quantities of glutamate and asparate to the newborn mouse produces a variety of neurotoxi... | Absorption, utilization, and safety of aspartic acid. The dicarboxylic amino acids, asparate and glutamate, occupy unique positions in intermediary metabolism, particularly in the mitochondria, where they play important roles in nitrogen and energy metabolism. Administration of large quantities of glutamate and asparat... | [
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PMID:11356 | Medex and their physician preceptors. Quality of care. | Studies of selected indicators of the process of care provided by a Medex and by a physician preceptor in seven rural practices suggest that the Medex is more likely to use appropriate laboratory tests and less likely to use inappropriate treatments. When outcomes of care were determined in 13 practices with a Medex an... | Medex and their physician preceptors. Quality of care. Studies of selected indicators of the process of care provided by a Medex and by a physician preceptor in seven rural practices suggest that the Medex is more likely to use appropriate laboratory tests and less likely to use inappropriate treatments. When outcomes ... | [
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PMID:11358 | Benzodiazepines and withdrawal psychosis. Report of three cases. | Three cases of acute psychotic illness following sudden withdrawal from high daily doses of benzodiazepines were associated with agitation and confusion. Disorientation was prominent in two of the patients. None of the patients had had previous psychotic episodes. The condition of all patients was reversed dramatically... | Benzodiazepines and withdrawal psychosis. Report of three cases. Three cases of acute psychotic illness following sudden withdrawal from high daily doses of benzodiazepines were associated with agitation and confusion. Disorientation was prominent in two of the patients. None of the patients had had previous psychotic ... | [
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PMID:11359 | Calcium uptake, release and Mg-ATPase activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum from arterial smooth muscle. | Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) isolated from rat aorta exhibited ATP dependent Ca2+ uptake in the presence of Mg2+. The maximum capacity and apparent binding constant were 23n moles/mg and 1.8 X 10(4) M (-1), respectively. The energy source of this active Ca2+ accumulation would be Mg-ATPase associated with the membrane. ... | Calcium uptake, release and Mg-ATPase activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum from arterial smooth muscle. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) isolated from rat aorta exhibited ATP dependent Ca2+ uptake in the presence of Mg2+. The maximum capacity and apparent binding constant were 23n moles/mg and 1.8 X 10(4) M (-1), respectively... | [
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PMID:11362 | Influence of transepithelial potential difference on acidification in the toad urinary bladder. | The rate of urinary acidification by toad urinary bladders was measured in vitro by following the pH changes of the HCO3-/CO2-buffered Ringer's solutions bathing the mucosal and serosal sides of the bladder. Within the tolerated range of transepithelial potential differences (PD) (-100 to +100 mv), the rate of acidific... | Influence of transepithelial potential difference on acidification in the toad urinary bladder. The rate of urinary acidification by toad urinary bladders was measured in vitro by following the pH changes of the HCO3-/CO2-buffered Ringer's solutions bathing the mucosal and serosal sides of the bladder. Within the toler... | [
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PMID:11363 | [Early neuro-ophthalmological symptoms of periarteritis nodosa. A case report (author's transl)]. | A report is given on a 47-year-old woman with periarteritis nodosa. A unilateral retinopathy with disseminated cotton-wool-spots surrounded by retinal haemorrhages and edema was observed. Fluoresceinangiography showed a multifocal constriction of the retinal capillaries. This lesion of the retinal vessels can be distin... | [Early neuro-ophthalmological symptoms of periarteritis nodosa. A case report (author's transl)]. A report is given on a 47-year-old woman with periarteritis nodosa. A unilateral retinopathy with disseminated cotton-wool-spots surrounded by retinal haemorrhages and edema was observed. Fluoresceinangiography showed a mu... | [
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PMID:11368 | Isolated cortical granules: a model system for studying membrane fusion and calcium-mediated exocytosis. | Cortical granules are secretory vesicles bound to the inner surface of the plasma membrane of sea urchin eggs. Intact granules can be isolated by shearing away the cytoplasm of eggs which have been bonded to a protamine-coated surface. When Ca2+ is added to preparations of isolated granules the granules fuse with each ... | Isolated cortical granules: a model system for studying membrane fusion and calcium-mediated exocytosis. Cortical granules are secretory vesicles bound to the inner surface of the plasma membrane of sea urchin eggs. Intact granules can be isolated by shearing away the cytoplasm of eggs which have been bonded to a prota... | [
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PMID:11373 | [Current status of treatment and new aspects of the problems of the undescended testicle (author's transl)]. | Early treatment of the undescended testicle was first demanded by Fischer, Bramann and Ramstedt early this century. From the 2nd year of life the number of the spermatogonia decreases rapidly, the diameter of the tubuli decreases, and distension and collaginization of the interstice are revealed by electron microscopy.... | [Current status of treatment and new aspects of the problems of the undescended testicle (author's transl)]. Early treatment of the undescended testicle was first demanded by Fischer, Bramann and Ramstedt early this century. From the 2nd year of life the number of the spermatogonia decreases rapidly, the diameter of th... | [
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PMID:11374 | [Morphologic changes in cryptorchism (author's transl)]. | Histologic changes caused by malposition occur in the undescended testicle after the second year of life. Histologic changes like those seen in the human are found in experimental cryptorchism in dogs. The same pathologic changes also occur in the unilaterally descended testicle. The results of preliminary experiments ... | [Morphologic changes in cryptorchism (author's transl)]. Histologic changes caused by malposition occur in the undescended testicle after the second year of life. Histologic changes like those seen in the human are found in experimental cryptorchism in dogs. The same pathologic changes also occur in the unilaterally de... | [
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PMID:11375 | [Surgical technique in the management of undescenced testis (author's transl)]. | In cases of retentio abdominalis or inguinalis and of ectopic testis, surgery is performed about the 2nd year of life. Essentials of the operating technique are: incision of the skin must not be parallel to the spermatic cord; testes and spermatic cord must be mobilized without trauma; ideally a biopsy of the testis sh... | [Surgical technique in the management of undescenced testis (author's transl)]. In cases of retentio abdominalis or inguinalis and of ectopic testis, surgery is performed about the 2nd year of life. Essentials of the operating technique are: incision of the skin must not be parallel to the spermatic cord; testes and sp... | [
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PMID:11388 | Phospholipid synthesis in mammary tissue. Choline and ethanolamine kinases: kinetic evidence for two discrete active sites. | Choline and ethanolamine kinases are located in the high speed supernatant of lactating bovine mammary gland. Maximum activities of choline and ethanolamine kinases were observed at pH 9.2 and 8.0, respectively, with the rate of ethanolamine phosphorylation being 1/15 that of choline phosphorylation. Activation energie... | Phospholipid synthesis in mammary tissue. Choline and ethanolamine kinases: kinetic evidence for two discrete active sites. Choline and ethanolamine kinases are located in the high speed supernatant of lactating bovine mammary gland. Maximum activities of choline and ethanolamine kinases were observed at pH 9.2 and 8.0... | [
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PMID:11389 | Effect of early postnatal dietary sterculate on the fatty acid composition of rat liver and brain lipids. | Pregnant rats were fed a high carbohydrate diet containing either 1% trilinolein or 1% trilinolein with 0.2% methyl sterculate from 18 day gestation to 21 day postpartum. The pups were weaned at 21 days and continued on the same diet for an additional 10 days. The microsomal stearyl CoA desaturase activities of the liv... | Effect of early postnatal dietary sterculate on the fatty acid composition of rat liver and brain lipids. Pregnant rats were fed a high carbohydrate diet containing either 1% trilinolein or 1% trilinolein with 0.2% methyl sterculate from 18 day gestation to 21 day postpartum. The pups were weaned at 21 days and continu... | [
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PMID:11390 | Effect of dietary fats on ovine adipose tissue metabolism. | The effects of different dietary fats on ovine adipose tissue metabolism have been investigated. Six-month old sheep were fed for 6 weeks a control diet or diets supplemented with either tallow or a mixture of sunflower seed oil and soybean oil, treated to protect the fats from hydrolysis and hydrogenation in the rumen... | Effect of dietary fats on ovine adipose tissue metabolism. The effects of different dietary fats on ovine adipose tissue metabolism have been investigated. Six-month old sheep were fed for 6 weeks a control diet or diets supplemented with either tallow or a mixture of sunflower seed oil and soybean oil, treated to prot... | [
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PMID:11393 | Effect of glucose and sucrose on the survival in batch culture of Streptococcus mutans C67-1 and a non-cariogenic mutant C67-25. Morphological studies. | This study comprised an ultrastructural examination of a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans, C67-1, and a non-cariogenic mutant of that strain, C67-25. The aim of the work was to define more clearly the relationship between S. mutans and dental caries and, more specifically, to elicit ultrastructural evidence fo... | Effect of glucose and sucrose on the survival in batch culture of Streptococcus mutans C67-1 and a non-cariogenic mutant C67-25. Morphological studies. This study comprised an ultrastructural examination of a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans, C67-1, and a non-cariogenic mutant of that strain, C67-25. The aim o... | [
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PMID:11397 | Current status of treatment of severe hypertension. | Drug fashions have changed and older drugs have given place to others with less side effects. Drugs and combinations of drugs administered to 100 patients currently under treatment at a clinic for severe hypertensives are listed. The most popular drugs were thiazide diuretics, methyldopa, beta-adrenergic blocking drugs... | Current status of treatment of severe hypertension. Drug fashions have changed and older drugs have given place to others with less side effects. Drugs and combinations of drugs administered to 100 patients currently under treatment at a clinic for severe hypertensives are listed. The most popular drugs were thiazide d... | [
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PMID:11398 | [How healthy are our blood donors? Result of a liver screening in voluntary blood donors of Blutspendedienst Innsbruck]. | A screening of hepatic function and HBs-antigen, made in 22344 voluntary blood donors in the bloodbank of Innsbruck, gave the following results: 0,33% HBs-AG negative donors were found to have pathological liverfunctiontests. Overweight and alcohol would be established as the most important etiological factors. 0,4% of... | [How healthy are our blood donors? Result of a liver screening in voluntary blood donors of Blutspendedienst Innsbruck]. A screening of hepatic function and HBs-antigen, made in 22344 voluntary blood donors in the bloodbank of Innsbruck, gave the following results: 0,33% HBs-AG negative donors were found to have pathol... | [
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PMID:11409 | Anatomo-pathologic observations on epidemic nephropathy. | Two cases of necropsy and 5 cases of renal biopuncture were studied on the occassion of an epidemic of "hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome" identified in mountainous areas of Transylvania. The prevalent pathogenic process was capillary toxicosis which injured the renal tubules and vessels. The severity of the diseas... | Anatomo-pathologic observations on epidemic nephropathy. Two cases of necropsy and 5 cases of renal biopuncture were studied on the occassion of an epidemic of "hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome" identified in mountainous areas of Transylvania. The prevalent pathogenic process was capillary toxicosis which injured ... | [
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PMID:11416 | Effectiveness of various food preservatives in controlling the outgrowth of Byssochlamys nivea ascospores. | Potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, sulfur dioxide, and diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) were tested for their effectiveness in preventing the outgrowth of Byssochlamys nivea Westling ascospores. Sulfur dioxide was the most inhibitory of the test antimycotics, complete inhibition of colony formation occuring in acidified (p... | Effectiveness of various food preservatives in controlling the outgrowth of Byssochlamys nivea ascospores. Potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, sulfur dioxide, and diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) were tested for their effectiveness in preventing the outgrowth of Byssochlamys nivea Westling ascospores. Sulfur dioxide was the... | [
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PMID:11417 | [Effect of production and storage on the survival of Staphylococcus aureus in curd]. | The effect of curd production on the survival of staphylococci has been studied. At the begining of the manufacture process favourable conditions exist for the development of staphylococci. Their number decreases with the increasing acidity and in the final product they occur only sporadically or quite disappeare, espe... | [Effect of production and storage on the survival of Staphylococcus aureus in curd]. The effect of curd production on the survival of staphylococci has been studied. At the begining of the manufacture process favourable conditions exist for the development of staphylococci. Their number decreases with the increasing ac... | [
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PMID:11420 | Dexclamol: effects on catecholamine metabolism and demonstration of stereochemical specificity of antagonism of central adrenergic receptors. | The effects of the benzocycloheptapyridoisoquinolinol derivative (+)-dexclamol-HCl and some of those of (+/-)-dexclamol and the corresponding (-)-dexclamol were compared to those of the potent neuroleptic agents droperidol and fluphenazine on norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) turnover in the whole brain and in the ... | Dexclamol: effects on catecholamine metabolism and demonstration of stereochemical specificity of antagonism of central adrenergic receptors. The effects of the benzocycloheptapyridoisoquinolinol derivative (+)-dexclamol-HCl and some of those of (+/-)-dexclamol and the corresponding (-)-dexclamol were compared to those... | [
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PMID:11421 | Association between the increase of cAMP content and the trans-synaptic induction of tyrosine hydroxylase in rat adrenal medulla. Studies with dexamethasone and reserpine. | When dexamethasone 0.25 or 2.5 mumole/kg i.p. was injected 2 h before reserpine (16 mumol/kg i.p.) the time course of the increase in cAMP content of rat adrenal medulla was changed. Reserpine alone caused a monophasic increase lasting between 1-2 h; reserpine after dexamethasone caused a biphasic increase: the immedia... | Association between the increase of cAMP content and the trans-synaptic induction of tyrosine hydroxylase in rat adrenal medulla. Studies with dexamethasone and reserpine. When dexamethasone 0.25 or 2.5 mumole/kg i.p. was injected 2 h before reserpine (16 mumol/kg i.p.) the time course of the increase in cAMP content o... | [
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PMID:11424 | [Controlled clinical trial of parsalmide in patients with predominantly neuro-anxiety syndromes. Comparison with chlordiazepoxide]. | The anxiolytic and tranquillizing effect of a new compound called parsalmide was studied in a group of 20 patients suffering from medium anxiety neurosis. The new drug also possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The technique employed was the double blind, between patients, crossover system and chlordiazepo... | [Controlled clinical trial of parsalmide in patients with predominantly neuro-anxiety syndromes. Comparison with chlordiazepoxide]. The anxiolytic and tranquillizing effect of a new compound called parsalmide was studied in a group of 20 patients suffering from medium anxiety neurosis. The new drug also possesses anti-... | [
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PMID:11425 | [Double-blind comparison of parsalmide and diazepam in anxious and depressive neurotic syndromes]. | Parsalmide- a new drug- is effective in the relief of inflammation and pain. In a double-blind, between-patients, cross-over trial with diazepam in 16 subjects with anxiety and depression, however, it proved less successful in relieving anxiety, though it was on a par with diazepam on an overall evaluation. The daytime... | [Double-blind comparison of parsalmide and diazepam in anxious and depressive neurotic syndromes]. Parsalmide- a new drug- is effective in the relief of inflammation and pain. In a double-blind, between-patients, cross-over trial with diazepam in 16 subjects with anxiety and depression, however, it proved less successf... | [
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PMID:11426 | [The problem of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta and its benign course]. | On the basis of a personal case, the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic problems of variants of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta with benign course are discussed. The usefulness of cardio-aortic angioscintigraphy in the interests of early diagnosis of aneurysm and aortography by catheterism for specifying its locatio... | [The problem of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta and its benign course]. On the basis of a personal case, the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic problems of variants of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta with benign course are discussed. The usefulness of cardio-aortic angioscintigraphy in the interests of early diagno... | [
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PMID:11431 | [Temperature measurements in Wistar rats and DS carcinosarcoma under various conditions]. | Temperature measurements on Wistar rats with miniature-Hg-thermometer and laser-welded thermoelements lead to the following conclusions: 1. No change of temperature-profile, especially in the liver through glucose-infusion and hyperthermia, can be noticed. 2. Glucose-infusion causes hyperthermia of about 1.5 degrees C.... | [Temperature measurements in Wistar rats and DS carcinosarcoma under various conditions]. Temperature measurements on Wistar rats with miniature-Hg-thermometer and laser-welded thermoelements lead to the following conclusions: 1. No change of temperature-profile, especially in the liver through glucose-infusion and hyp... | [
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PMID:11432 | Polyarteritis nodosa induced in arteriosclerotic, male and female breeder rats by chronic alloxan diabetes. | Male and female virgin rats and breeder rats with naturally-occurring diabetes, hypertension and arteriosclerosis, were made severely diabetic with a single, subcutaneous injection of alloxan (10 mg/100 g b.w.), after an 18 h fast. During five months of unrelenting diabetes, some animals became obese while others becam... | Polyarteritis nodosa induced in arteriosclerotic, male and female breeder rats by chronic alloxan diabetes. Male and female virgin rats and breeder rats with naturally-occurring diabetes, hypertension and arteriosclerosis, were made severely diabetic with a single, subcutaneous injection of alloxan (10 mg/100 g b.w.), ... | [
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PMID:11434 | Conditioning of striatal dopamine metabolism with methadone, morphine or bulbocapnine as an unconditioned stimulus. | Psychotropic drugs such as methadone, morphine and bulbocapnine produce increments in dopamine metabolism as an unconditioned reflex. When a buzzer noise is used as a conditioned stimulus (CS) with these drugs as unconditioned stimuli, the buzzer CS acquires the properties of the drugs in increasing dopamine metabolism... | Conditioning of striatal dopamine metabolism with methadone, morphine or bulbocapnine as an unconditioned stimulus. Psychotropic drugs such as methadone, morphine and bulbocapnine produce increments in dopamine metabolism as an unconditioned reflex. When a buzzer noise is used as a conditioned stimulus (CS) with these ... | [
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PMID:11442 | Arterial and mixed venous PCO2 and hydrogen ion, bicarbonate and base excess concentrations in water-depleted dogs. | The arterial (a), mixed venous (v), and arterial-mixed venous differences (A-V) of hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]), PCO2, HCO-3 and base excess (BE) were measured during 3 h in control (C), water-depleted (WD) and water- and salt-depleted (WSD) dogs. In WD animals the difference in hydrogen ion concentration between ... | Arterial and mixed venous PCO2 and hydrogen ion, bicarbonate and base excess concentrations in water-depleted dogs. The arterial (a), mixed venous (v), and arterial-mixed venous differences (A-V) of hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]), PCO2, HCO-3 and base excess (BE) were measured during 3 h in control (C), water-deplet... | [
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PMID:11443 | Developmental changes of sugar transport in the ovine small intestine. | Intestinal monosaccharide transport was studied in young lambs (age: up to 1 week) and in older lambs (age: 2.5-4 months) with well developed forestomach system employing everted sacs of small intestine. Both glucose and galactose were transported against a high concentration gradient from the mucosal to the serosal si... | Developmental changes of sugar transport in the ovine small intestine. Intestinal monosaccharide transport was studied in young lambs (age: up to 1 week) and in older lambs (age: 2.5-4 months) with well developed forestomach system employing everted sacs of small intestine. Both glucose and galactose were transported a... | [
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PMID:11444 | Blood gas analyses of hibernating hamsters and dormice. | Blood gases were measured in hibernating and hypothermic animals as a biological model of clinical hypothermia. Blood gas analyses from hamsters and dormice were carried out with the aid of permanent arterial catheters during normothermia and hibernation. In golden hamster pH increased from 7.30 to 7.46 during hibernat... | Blood gas analyses of hibernating hamsters and dormice. Blood gases were measured in hibernating and hypothermic animals as a biological model of clinical hypothermia. Blood gas analyses from hamsters and dormice were carried out with the aid of permanent arterial catheters during normothermia and hibernation. In golde... | [
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PMID:11445 | (Na+K+)-activated ATPase in human cornea. Distribution within the cornea and properties of the enzyme from epithelial cells. | Distribution and principal characteristics of (Na+K+)-activated ATPase in human cornea were investigated. (Na+K+)-ATPase was present in both epithelium and endothelium, whereas the corneal stroma did not exhibit significant enzyme activity. In homogenates specific activity of the (Na+K+)-ATPase was 2.3-fold higher in e... | (Na+K+)-activated ATPase in human cornea. Distribution within the cornea and properties of the enzyme from epithelial cells. Distribution and principal characteristics of (Na+K+)-activated ATPase in human cornea were investigated. (Na+K+)-ATPase was present in both epithelium and endothelium, whereas the corneal stroma... | [
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PMID:11446 | Effect of oxygen saturation on H+ and Cl- distribution across the red cell membrane in human and ruminant blood. | Alterations of red cell pH (pHc) and distribution ratios of H+ (gammaH+) and Cl (gammaCl-) between plasma and red blood cells with oxygenation of blood were studied in human blood (audult and fetal) and ruminant blood (bovine, goat and sheep). The experiments were carried out at a plasma pH of 7.0 to 7.7 and at 37 degr... | Effect of oxygen saturation on H+ and Cl- distribution across the red cell membrane in human and ruminant blood. Alterations of red cell pH (pHc) and distribution ratios of H+ (gammaH+) and Cl (gammaCl-) between plasma and red blood cells with oxygenation of blood were studied in human blood (audult and fetal) and rumi... | [
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PMID:11449 | CD studies on the conformation of oligonucleotides complexed with divalent metal ions: interaction of Zn2+ with guanine favours syn conformation. | The interaction of the divalent metal ions Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ with GpG and several other dinucleoside monophosphates were investigated by means of circular dichroism. The spectra of the complexes of GpG, GpU analogues and ApGpG caused in the presence of Zn2+ and other transition metals show a close similarity in... | CD studies on the conformation of oligonucleotides complexed with divalent metal ions: interaction of Zn2+ with guanine favours syn conformation. The interaction of the divalent metal ions Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ with GpG and several other dinucleoside monophosphates were investigated by means of circular dichroism. ... | [
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PMID:11454 | Pretreatment with antilymphocyte globulin and donor cells on graft prolongation in an experimental model and some observations on graft-versus-host reaction. | Survival of Lewis X Brown Norway F1 renal allografts was prolonged in Lewis recipients by pretreatment with small numbers of donor marrow cells and low dose antilymphocyte globulin(ALG)in combination. Either marrow cells or ALG alone were ineffective at these doses. It was also shown that pretreatment with marrow cells... | Pretreatment with antilymphocyte globulin and donor cells on graft prolongation in an experimental model and some observations on graft-versus-host reaction. Survival of Lewis X Brown Norway F1 renal allografts was prolonged in Lewis recipients by pretreatment with small numbers of donor marrow cells and low dose antil... | [
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PMID:11455 | The elective treatment of graft-versus-host disease following a bone marrow graft from a father to a son with severe combined immunodeficiency. | The details of the first successful bone marrow graft from father to son are described. The recipient developed an acute graft-versus-host reaction on the seventh day which was successfully treated with anit-lymphocyte globulin and methotrexate. This regime did not destroy the graft and the child is alive and well with... | The elective treatment of graft-versus-host disease following a bone marrow graft from a father to a son with severe combined immunodeficiency. The details of the first successful bone marrow graft from father to son are described. The recipient developed an acute graft-versus-host reaction on the seventh day which was... | [
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PMID:11456 | Use of antithymocyte serum in clinical and experimental marrow transplantation. | Pre-sensitization was investigated in the dog marrow transplant model with donor and recipient mismatching at the canine major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Various prophylactic immunosuppressive regimes were used and it was concluded from these regimes that sensitization to histocompatibility antigens could be abr... | Use of antithymocyte serum in clinical and experimental marrow transplantation. Pre-sensitization was investigated in the dog marrow transplant model with donor and recipient mismatching at the canine major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Various prophylactic immunosuppressive regimes were used and it was concluded f... | [
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PMID:11465 | Immobilization of bacterial luciferase and FMN reductase on glass rods. | Bacterial luciferase and NAD(P)H: FMN oxidoreductase isolated from Beneckea harveyi were covalently linked via diazotization to arylamine porous glass beads which had been cemented onto plain glass rods. These immobilized enzymes are individually active and also function to produce light via a coupled reaction utilizin... | Immobilization of bacterial luciferase and FMN reductase on glass rods. Bacterial luciferase and NAD(P)H: FMN oxidoreductase isolated from Beneckea harveyi were covalently linked via diazotization to arylamine porous glass beads which had been cemented onto plain glass rods. These immobilized enzymes are individually a... | [
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0.011663... |
PMID:11466 | Subcellular localization of S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA methyltransferases with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in human and mouse: normal and leukemic leukocytes. | The subcellular distributions of S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA methyltransferases and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were investigated with the use of human and mouse normal and leukemic leukocyte cell lines. Differential centrifugation of homogenized cell suspensions produced three pelleted subcellular fractions (nuclear a... | Subcellular localization of S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA methyltransferases with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in human and mouse: normal and leukemic leukocytes. The subcellular distributions of S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA methyltransferases and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were investigated with the use of human and mous... | [
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PMID:11462 | [Preparative isolation of terrilytin components and study of their enzymatic properties]. | By ion-exchange chromatography the composition of the fibrinolytic enzyme from Aspergillus terricola-terrilytine-was studied. The preparation contained five components that differed in their substrate specificity. Three of the components and proteolytic and fibrinolytic activities. The isolated fractions were examined ... | [Preparative isolation of terrilytin components and study of their enzymatic properties]. By ion-exchange chromatography the composition of the fibrinolytic enzyme from Aspergillus terricola-terrilytine-was studied. The preparation contained five components that differed in their substrate specificity. Three of the com... | [
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PMID:11508 | Alterations in the behavioral effects of LSD by motivational and neurohumoral variables. | Forty naive male albino rats were trained to press a bar on a fixed-ratio (FR 32) schedule of water reinforcement. They were then divided into two groups, one of which (N = 20) received 5 min of extra water 12 hr before each experimental session; the other group (N = 20) received no extra water. Half of the animals in ... | Alterations in the behavioral effects of LSD by motivational and neurohumoral variables. Forty naive male albino rats were trained to press a bar on a fixed-ratio (FR 32) schedule of water reinforcement. They were then divided into two groups, one of which (N = 20) received 5 min of extra water 12 hr before each experi... | [
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PMID:11512 | The organization of perpendicular fibre pathways in the insect optic lobe. | High resolution serial photomicrography has been used to plot the axonal projection patterns between retina, lamina and medulla in the optic lobes of various insects with differing ommatidial receptor arrangements. Observations are reported on the cabbage white and skipper butterflies, the bee, locust, fly, backswimmer... | The organization of perpendicular fibre pathways in the insect optic lobe. High resolution serial photomicrography has been used to plot the axonal projection patterns between retina, lamina and medulla in the optic lobes of various insects with differing ommatidial receptor arrangements. Observations are reported on t... | [
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PMID:11513 | The evolution of plants and animals under domestication: the contribution of studies at the molecular level. | Protein molecules are essential catalysts in life processes and also form much of the substance of living material. Their three dimensional structures determine their biological function. Their biosynthesis is primarily determined by arrays of nucleic acid macromolecules (DNA and RNA), and the amino acid sequences that... | The evolution of plants and animals under domestication: the contribution of studies at the molecular level. Protein molecules are essential catalysts in life processes and also form much of the substance of living material. Their three dimensional structures determine their biological function. Their biosynthesis is p... | [
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PMID:11514 | Organization of motoneurones in the prothoracic ganglion of the cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.). | The location within the prothoracic ganglion of neurone somata with axons in identified peripheral nerves is examined by the cobalt iontophoresis technique. Axons are filled with cobalt by diffusion through their cut ends and the cobalt is then precipitated as the black sulphide inside the neurone. It is assumed that n... | Organization of motoneurones in the prothoracic ganglion of the cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.). The location within the prothoracic ganglion of neurone somata with axons in identified peripheral nerves is examined by the cobalt iontophoresis technique. Axons are filled with cobalt by diffusion through their cut e... | [
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PMID:11518 | [Autogenic training within the therapeutic scope of schizophrenic patients]. | The author calls the reader's attention to the rather strange fact that autogenic training, in spite of worldwide recognition and extensive uses of the method in various disciplines of medicine and spheres of live, has not so far been finding wide application in the medical specialty dealing with mental disorders. Afte... | [Autogenic training within the therapeutic scope of schizophrenic patients]. The author calls the reader's attention to the rather strange fact that autogenic training, in spite of worldwide recognition and extensive uses of the method in various disciplines of medicine and spheres of live, has not so far been finding ... | [
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PMID:11519 | Possible association of schizophrenia with a disturbance in prostaglandin metabolism: a physiological hypothesis. | Schizophrenia may be associated with increased prostaglandin synthesis in certain parts of the brain. This hypothesis is based on the following findings: (1) Catalepsy, which is the nearest equivalent in animals to human catatonia, develops in cats when prostaglandin E1 is injected into the cerebral ventricles and when... | Possible association of schizophrenia with a disturbance in prostaglandin metabolism: a physiological hypothesis. Schizophrenia may be associated with increased prostaglandin synthesis in certain parts of the brain. This hypothesis is based on the following findings: (1) Catalepsy, which is the nearest equivalent in an... | [
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PMID:11521 | Ontogenetic development of locomotor activity and rate of tyrosine hydroxylation. | A combined biochemical and behavioral study was performed postnatally on albino rats. An almost linear increase in total motor activity was observed from 1 to 15 days of age followed by a pronounced decrease in motor activity between days 15 and 18. The in vivo rate of tyrosine hydroxylase activity in whole brain was e... | Ontogenetic development of locomotor activity and rate of tyrosine hydroxylation. A combined biochemical and behavioral study was performed postnatally on albino rats. An almost linear increase in total motor activity was observed from 1 to 15 days of age followed by a pronounced decrease in motor activity between days... | [
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PMID:11523 | In vivo desensitization of a phobic shop steward. | Techniques used in behaviour therapy effectively counteract the symptoms presented by the patient. The question arises as to the precise nature of such intervention, and whether this form of treatment is in fact a superficial one which deals only with symptom removal, or whether this is really a much more fundamental f... | In vivo desensitization of a phobic shop steward. Techniques used in behaviour therapy effectively counteract the symptoms presented by the patient. The question arises as to the precise nature of such intervention, and whether this form of treatment is in fact a superficial one which deals only with symptom removal, o... | [
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