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PMID:11526 | Characterization of interactions of phenothiazines and related drugs with lipids by UV-spectrophotometry. | The UV-spectrum of chlorpromazine undergoes a red shift in the presence of vesicles of biological membranes or phospholipids, triglycerides, serum lipoproteins or fatty acids. The resulting difference spectrum has two positive peaks at about 260 and 320 nm and two negative peaks at 250 and 290 nm. This interaction sign... | Characterization of interactions of phenothiazines and related drugs with lipids by UV-spectrophotometry. The UV-spectrum of chlorpromazine undergoes a red shift in the presence of vesicles of biological membranes or phospholipids, triglycerides, serum lipoproteins or fatty acids. The resulting difference spectrum has ... | [
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PMID:11528 | Discriminative response control by psychomotor stimulants. | Psychomotor stimulants are capable of controlling discriminative responding in rats. Evidence suggests that response control is central, of a fairly specific nature, and dependent on intact dopaminergic functions. | Discriminative response control by psychomotor stimulants. Psychomotor stimulants are capable of controlling discriminative responding in rats. Evidence suggests that response control is central, of a fairly specific nature, and dependent on intact dopaminergic functions. | [
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PMID:11529 | Discriminable effects of benzodiazepines. | In a shock-escape T-maze task, rats rapidly discriminated diazepam, flurazepam and chloridazepoxide from no drug. The discriminable effects of these benzodiazepines were not completely interchangeable with those of barbiturate anesthetics. The dose-response curve for diazepam asymptoted over the range 15 to 100 mg/kg, ... | Discriminable effects of benzodiazepines. In a shock-escape T-maze task, rats rapidly discriminated diazepam, flurazepam and chloridazepoxide from no drug. The discriminable effects of these benzodiazepines were not completely interchangeable with those of barbiturate anesthetics. The dose-response curve for diazepam a... | [
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PMID:11531 | Effects of drugs on the uptake of acetylcholine by human term placenta fragments. | An active concentrative component of the ACh accumulation in fragments of human term placenta followed kinetics predicted by the Michaelis-Menten equation (Km greater than 15 mM). This process was competitively inhibited by choline or hemicholinium-3, suggesting the possibility that a common carrier existed. Morphine r... | Effects of drugs on the uptake of acetylcholine by human term placenta fragments. An active concentrative component of the ACh accumulation in fragments of human term placenta followed kinetics predicted by the Michaelis-Menten equation (Km greater than 15 mM). This process was competitively inhibited by choline or hem... | [
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PMID:11545 | Postoperative treatment with corticosteroids and salazosulphapyridine (Salazopyrin) after radical resection for Crohn's disease. | In a prospective multicentre study, 97 patients with Crohn's disease and operated on by a radical excision of the Crohn-involved bowel were randomly divided into two groups, one treated 33 weeks postoperatively by corticosteroids and Salazopyrin and the other without any medical treatment postoperatively. The patients ... | Postoperative treatment with corticosteroids and salazosulphapyridine (Salazopyrin) after radical resection for Crohn's disease. In a prospective multicentre study, 97 patients with Crohn's disease and operated on by a radical excision of the Crohn-involved bowel were randomly divided into two groups, one treated 33 we... | [
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PMID:11546 | Endogenous motilin and the LES pressure. | The changes in LES pressure were measured after alkalinization and subsequent acidification of the antrum or duodenum. For the alkalinization of the antrum, a strong (sodium-hydroxide) and a weaker alkaline stimulus were used in different subjects. At the end of the experiments, glycine 5% was infused into antrum and g... | Endogenous motilin and the LES pressure. The changes in LES pressure were measured after alkalinization and subsequent acidification of the antrum or duodenum. For the alkalinization of the antrum, a strong (sodium-hydroxide) and a weaker alkaline stimulus were used in different subjects. At the end of the experiments,... | [
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PMID:11547 | Relationship of plasma motilin response to lower esophageal sphincter pressure in man. | The effect of intraduodenal instillation of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid or 0.9% saline (control) on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and plasma motilin concentrations was studied in five normal volunteers. After acid, LESP and plasma motilin rose concomitantly exceeding basal by about 80% (p less than 0.025) and ... | Relationship of plasma motilin response to lower esophageal sphincter pressure in man. The effect of intraduodenal instillation of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid or 0.9% saline (control) on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and plasma motilin concentrations was studied in five normal volunteers. After acid, LESP and ... | [
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PMID:11548 | Fetal thymus transplantations in severe combined immunodeficiency. | Two brothers with severe combined immunodeficiency were treated with repeated transplantations of fetal thymus tissue. The first patient was not treated until he was critically ill, and the intramuscular transplants had no effect. He died at 11 months of age of overwhelming pneumonia. At postmortem examination a transp... | Fetal thymus transplantations in severe combined immunodeficiency. Two brothers with severe combined immunodeficiency were treated with repeated transplantations of fetal thymus tissue. The first patient was not treated until he was critically ill, and the intramuscular transplants had no effect. He died at 11 months o... | [
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PMID:11549 | Partial tolerant state against H-2 disparate cells. No impaired specific reactivity in MLC, GVH, or antibody production. | Injection of CBA mice with H-2-compatible lymphoid cells from C3H hybrids induces a specific reduction of the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) response of their lymphoytes. This is not the case after injection of H-2-disparate C3H-hybrid cells, presumably because they are rapidly eliminated due to the immune response of ... | Partial tolerant state against H-2 disparate cells. No impaired specific reactivity in MLC, GVH, or antibody production. Injection of CBA mice with H-2-compatible lymphoid cells from C3H hybrids induces a specific reduction of the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) response of their lymphoytes. This is not the case after i... | [
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PMID:11550 | Renal function in experimental chronic hydronephrosis. V. Net acid excretion capacity in relation to renal pelvic volume after maximal loading with NH4Cl. | In 12 mongrel dogs intravenous loading with ammonium chloride (4 mmol NH4+/kg body weight) was performed before and 2-9 weeks after unilateral hydronephrosis had been produced by ligation of the ureter over an indwelling catheter. In an attempt to satisfy the demand for adequate, constant, alveolar ventilation a specia... | Renal function in experimental chronic hydronephrosis. V. Net acid excretion capacity in relation to renal pelvic volume after maximal loading with NH4Cl. In 12 mongrel dogs intravenous loading with ammonium chloride (4 mmol NH4+/kg body weight) was performed before and 2-9 weeks after unilateral hydronephrosis had bee... | [
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PMID:11552 | [Graft versus host disease, a little known complication of blood transfusion]. | A case of fatal graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) following blood transfusions is reported. This relatively rare complication of blood and bloodcomponent replacement therapy may occur in recipients with decreased cellular immunity, which may be due to the underlying disease, chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or a combi... | [Graft versus host disease, a little known complication of blood transfusion]. A case of fatal graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) following blood transfusions is reported. This relatively rare complication of blood and bloodcomponent replacement therapy may occur in recipients with decreased cellular immunity, which may ... | [
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PMID:11553 | [Glucagon producing adenomatosis of Islands of Langerhans with polyendocrine symptoms]. | A patient in whom Cushing syndrome had been diagnosed at the age of 23 was found 14 years later to have subclinical diabetes mellitus, subcutaneous calcified fat tissue necroses, and hypergastrinemia suggesting Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Histopathologic investigation revealed pancreatic adenomatosis of the glucagon pr... | [Glucagon producing adenomatosis of Islands of Langerhans with polyendocrine symptoms]. A patient in whom Cushing syndrome had been diagnosed at the age of 23 was found 14 years later to have subclinical diabetes mellitus, subcutaneous calcified fat tissue necroses, and hypergastrinemia suggesting Zollinger-Ellison syn... | [
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PMID:11554 | [Diphenylhydantoin. Metabolism, pharmacokinetics, interactions and side effects]. | The metabolism, mechanism of action, interactions with other drugs and side effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH), which is probably the most commonly used antiepileptic drug are reviewed in the light of the recent literature. Some findings of practical importance are emphasized, and the resultant implications with regard... | [Diphenylhydantoin. Metabolism, pharmacokinetics, interactions and side effects]. The metabolism, mechanism of action, interactions with other drugs and side effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH), which is probably the most commonly used antiepileptic drug are reviewed in the light of the recent literature. Some findings ... | [
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PMID:11555 | [The petit-mal-status]. | In the light of three case histories, other personal observations and the literature, the clinical and electroencephalographical differences between absences in the limited sense and continuous LENNOX petit-mal state are described and the problems of the latter discussed. As a rule, petit-mal state is diagnosed as such... | [The petit-mal-status]. In the light of three case histories, other personal observations and the literature, the clinical and electroencephalographical differences between absences in the limited sense and continuous LENNOX petit-mal state are described and the problems of the latter discussed. As a rule, petit-mal st... | [
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PMID:11556 | [The behavior of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and other liver enzymes in the plasma during alcohol withdrawal treatments]. | 90 chronic alcoholics (55 men and 35 women, aged between 20 and 60 years) were investigated to determine how alcohol withdrawal effects the pattern of enzymes in plasma and if changes in this enzyme pattern could be used as criteria for evaluation of the recovery process. Among the different enzymes tested, gamma-gluta... | [The behavior of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and other liver enzymes in the plasma during alcohol withdrawal treatments]. 90 chronic alcoholics (55 men and 35 women, aged between 20 and 60 years) were investigated to determine how alcohol withdrawal effects the pattern of enzymes in plasma and if changes in this enzym... | [
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PMID:11557 | [Impotence and male sterility]. | The causes of sexual impotence, including disturbances of ejaculation, and the methods of treatment are described. In the vast majority of cases male sterility results from a disorder of spermatogenesis. The main factors responsible for infertile semen are discussed: in most cases the causes are unknown. It is to be ho... | [Impotence and male sterility]. The causes of sexual impotence, including disturbances of ejaculation, and the methods of treatment are described. In the vast majority of cases male sterility results from a disorder of spermatogenesis. The main factors responsible for infertile semen are discussed: in most cases the ca... | [
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PMID:11560 | Presynaptic facilitation as a mechanism for behavioral sensitization in Aplysia. | Sensitization is an elementary form of nonassociative learning, related to behavioral arousal, in which a strong stimulus facilitates a reflex response. Studies of the neural circuit of the gill-withdrawal reflex in the isolated abdominal ganglion on Aplysia indicate that short-term sensitization is due to presynaptic ... | Presynaptic facilitation as a mechanism for behavioral sensitization in Aplysia. Sensitization is an elementary form of nonassociative learning, related to behavioral arousal, in which a strong stimulus facilitates a reflex response. Studies of the neural circuit of the gill-withdrawal reflex in the isolated abdominal ... | [
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PMID:11561 | Recent studies on the identification of proliferative abnormalities and of oncogenic potential of cutaneous cells in individuals at increased risk of colon cancer. | This recent study describes the growth characteristics of ACR skin fibroblasts in culture and their differential susceptibility to transformation by Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (Ki-MSV). The SF were derived from normal appearing subepidermoid biopsies of ACR individuals, their progeny and ocntrols. Normal SF were cont... | Recent studies on the identification of proliferative abnormalities and of oncogenic potential of cutaneous cells in individuals at increased risk of colon cancer. This recent study describes the growth characteristics of ACR skin fibroblasts in culture and their differential susceptibility to transformation by Kirsten... | [
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PMID:11564 | Histamine H2-receptor antagonists in the treatment of duodenal ulcers. | A double-blind trial of histamine H2-receptor antagonists and placebo was carried out in 46 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulceration. H2-receptor antagonists (metiamide and cimetidine) produced a significantly greater degree of completely healed ulcers and fewer complete failures than placebo. The result... | Histamine H2-receptor antagonists in the treatment of duodenal ulcers. A double-blind trial of histamine H2-receptor antagonists and placebo was carried out in 46 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulceration. H2-receptor antagonists (metiamide and cimetidine) produced a significantly greater degree of comple... | [
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PMID:11565 | Facts, anecdotes, and new horizons in the medical treatment of duodenal ulcers. | There continue to be marked differences of opinion regarding how to manage duodenal ulcer disease. Recent developments in medical management which appear of major importance include the development of antagonists of H2-receptors of histamine, the prostaglandins, and transendoscopic instrumentation. Intractability of du... | Facts, anecdotes, and new horizons in the medical treatment of duodenal ulcers. There continue to be marked differences of opinion regarding how to manage duodenal ulcer disease. Recent developments in medical management which appear of major importance include the development of antagonists of H2-receptors of histamin... | [
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PMID:11568 | Factors influencing the ionization of calcium during major surgical procedures. | The existence of a clinically feasible calcium electrode makes it possible to obtain rapid, accurate levels of ionized calcium. It is now possible to study the actual ionization of calcium under normal and abnormal physiologic conditions. The present investigation was directed at changes in ionized calcium during major... | Factors influencing the ionization of calcium during major surgical procedures. The existence of a clinically feasible calcium electrode makes it possible to obtain rapid, accurate levels of ionized calcium. It is now possible to study the actual ionization of calcium under normal and abnormal physiologic conditions. T... | [
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PMID:11571 | Effect of nitrazepam and flurazepam on the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. | Ventilatory response to CO2 was measured before and after two different benzodiazepine hypnotics in both chronic bronchitics and patients without chest disease. Flurazepam, but not nitrazepam, produced a significant decrease in CO2 sensitivity, although there was no significant change in FEV1 or mixed venous PCO2. This... | Effect of nitrazepam and flurazepam on the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Ventilatory response to CO2 was measured before and after two different benzodiazepine hypnotics in both chronic bronchitics and patients without chest disease. Flurazepam, but not nitrazepam, produced a significant decrease in CO2 sensi... | [
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PMID:11573 | Comparative studies of the effects of cyclic AMP, various hormones and chloramphenicol on the induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase and tyrosine aminotransferase in the organ-cultured chick embryo liver. | Induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase by allylisopropylacetamide in organ-cultured chick embryo liver was not appreciably influenced by any of cycli AMP, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, theophylline, glucose, insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, isoproterenol, and hydrocortisone, whereas the activity of tyrosine aminotran... | Comparative studies of the effects of cyclic AMP, various hormones and chloramphenicol on the induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase and tyrosine aminotransferase in the organ-cultured chick embryo liver. Induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase by allylisopropylacetamide in organ-cultured chick emb... | [
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PMID:11578 | Cytotoxicity in graft-versus-host reaction. II. Lysis of target cells of parental genotyppe by F1 hybrid macrophages. | Graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions were induced in adult F1 hybrid mice with the i.p. injection of parental strain spleen cells. Peritoneal exudate and spleen cells of the F1 hybrids taken 8 days after the induction of GVH reaction had a nonspecific in vitro cytotoxic effect which was measured by using 51Cr-labeled targ... | Cytotoxicity in graft-versus-host reaction. II. Lysis of target cells of parental genotyppe by F1 hybrid macrophages. Graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions were induced in adult F1 hybrid mice with the i.p. injection of parental strain spleen cells. Peritoneal exudate and spleen cells of the F1 hybrids taken 8 days after t... | [
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PMID:11579 | Cellular and humoral immunity after allogeneic renal transplantation in the rat. V. Appearance of anti-idiotypic antibody and its relationship to cellular immunity after treatment with donor spleen cells and alloantibody. | Enhancement of LBN F1 renal allograft survival in Lewis (L) rats is achieved by injecting the recipient i.v. with donor antigen (LBN F1 spleen cells) 1 day before transplantation and antidonor antibody (L anti-BN alloantiserum) at the time of transplantation. Treatment with this combination of antigen and antibody also... | Cellular and humoral immunity after allogeneic renal transplantation in the rat. V. Appearance of anti-idiotypic antibody and its relationship to cellular immunity after treatment with donor spleen cells and alloantibody. Enhancement of LBN F1 renal allograft survival in Lewis (L) rats is achieved by injecting the reci... | [
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PMID:11575 | Comparison of methods to wash liquid-stored red blood cells and red blood cells frozen with high or low concentrations of glycerol. | The efficiency of washing liquid-stored red blood cells and red blood cells frozen with high or low glycerol concentrations was evaluated by measuring the recovery of red blood cells in vitro, supernatant hemoglobin, extracellular potassium and red blood cell potassium levels, supernatant osmolality, residual 125I albu... | Comparison of methods to wash liquid-stored red blood cells and red blood cells frozen with high or low concentrations of glycerol. The efficiency of washing liquid-stored red blood cells and red blood cells frozen with high or low glycerol concentrations was evaluated by measuring the recovery of red blood cells in vi... | [
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PMID:11580 | Absence of specific mixed leukocyte culture reactivity during graft-versus-host disease and following bone marrow transplant rejection. | Retrospective mixed leukocyte culture studies were performed in eight patients who had either rejected their marrow grafts or experienced graft-versus-host disease and in seven patients with successful marrow engraftment. In tests of pre-and post-transplant lymphocytes we found no evidence that rejection or graft-versu... | Absence of specific mixed leukocyte culture reactivity during graft-versus-host disease and following bone marrow transplant rejection. Retrospective mixed leukocyte culture studies were performed in eight patients who had either rejected their marrow grafts or experienced graft-versus-host disease and in seven patient... | [
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PMID:11576 | Metabolic changes during platelet storage. | Platelet concentrates (PC) were stored in plastic bags with continuous shaking at 4, 22, and 37 C. Various metabolic parameters were examined over a 72-hour period. At 22 C, the pH and PO2 declined over 72 hours while the PCO2 and lactate increased. Hypotonic shock declined to 70 per cent. This differed from the small ... | Metabolic changes during platelet storage. Platelet concentrates (PC) were stored in plastic bags with continuous shaking at 4, 22, and 37 C. Various metabolic parameters were examined over a 72-hour period. At 22 C, the pH and PO2 declined over 72 hours while the PCO2 and lactate increased. Hypotonic shock declined to... | [
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PMID:11577 | Freezing and deglycerolizing sickle-trait red blood cells. | Sickle-trait red blood cells respond to freezing and thawing like normal cells, but during deglycerolization by centrifugal methods, they pack and hemolyze. This appears to be the result of changes in surface characteristics with suspension in hyperosmotic saline and even modest increases in osmolality result in packin... | Freezing and deglycerolizing sickle-trait red blood cells. Sickle-trait red blood cells respond to freezing and thawing like normal cells, but during deglycerolization by centrifugal methods, they pack and hemolyze. This appears to be the result of changes in surface characteristics with suspension in hyperosmotic sali... | [
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PMID:11582 | Long survival and immunologic reconstitution following transplantation with syngeneic or allogeneic fetal liver and neonatal spleen cells. | (1)Spleen cells from newborn syngeneic and allogeneic mice that lack fully differentiated T lymphocytes can be used as a hematopoietic source to reconstitute both hematopoietic and lymphoid systems of lethally irradiated mice without producing a GVHR. (2) Fetal liver cells from syngeneic and allogeneic mice that lack p... | Long survival and immunologic reconstitution following transplantation with syngeneic or allogeneic fetal liver and neonatal spleen cells. (1)Spleen cells from newborn syngeneic and allogeneic mice that lack fully differentiated T lymphocytes can be used as a hematopoietic source to reconstitute both hematopoietic and ... | [
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PMID:11589 | Graft-versus-leukemia for AKR spontaneous leukemia-lymphoma. | Adoptive immunotherapy in the form of a transient graft of mismatched DBA/2 BM + LN cells was used in combination with several chemoradiotherapy regimens to treat AKR mice bearing advanced SLL. Leukemic mice treated in this manner had a significant prolongation of their MST and significantly higher survival rates 60 an... | Graft-versus-leukemia for AKR spontaneous leukemia-lymphoma. Adoptive immunotherapy in the form of a transient graft of mismatched DBA/2 BM + LN cells was used in combination with several chemoradiotherapy regimens to treat AKR mice bearing advanced SLL. Leukemic mice treated in this manner had a significant prolongati... | [
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PMID:11601 | Renal complications of drug addiction. | The kidney is one of the target organs involved as a consequence of the systemic complications seen in drug abusers. This may manifest itself in one of the following forms: acute hepatitis with modest proteinuria (less than 2 Gm. per day); bacterial endocarditis with hematuria, azotemia, and a focal or diffuse glomerul... | Renal complications of drug addiction. The kidney is one of the target organs involved as a consequence of the systemic complications seen in drug abusers. This may manifest itself in one of the following forms: acute hepatitis with modest proteinuria (less than 2 Gm. per day); bacterial endocarditis with hematuria, az... | [
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PMID:11602 | Spontaneous renal hemorrhage. | This report of 9 cases of spontaneous renal hemorrhage illustrates the wide variety of responsible conditions that may be found in a small series and the tendency for some of these conditions to coexist. In particular, all 3 patients with a bleeding diathesis had an associated anatomic lesion, and it was concluded that... | Spontaneous renal hemorrhage. This report of 9 cases of spontaneous renal hemorrhage illustrates the wide variety of responsible conditions that may be found in a small series and the tendency for some of these conditions to coexist. In particular, all 3 patients with a bleeding diathesis had an associated anatomic les... | [
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PMID:11607 | [Effect of glutamic acid on the interrelationship of the effects of different activators of cerebral glutaminase]. | When phosphate and tyroxine (activators of brain glutaminase) are used in small amounts, a potentiation of their stimulatory effect is observed. Higher concentrations exhibit an opposite effect. Glutamic acid has a strong inhibitory effect on all the activators of glutaminase given separately. The inhibitory effect of ... | [Effect of glutamic acid on the interrelationship of the effects of different activators of cerebral glutaminase]. When phosphate and tyroxine (activators of brain glutaminase) are used in small amounts, a potentiation of their stimulatory effect is observed. Higher concentrations exhibit an opposite effect. Glutamic a... | [
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PMID:11613 | Comparative studies on the N-oxidation of aniline and N,N-dimethylaniline by rabbit liver microsomes. | 1. Rate studies of N-oxidation of aniline and N,N-dimethylaniline by rabbit liver microsomal preparations were performed at different pH values. The apparent pKs of the free functional groups were 7-2 and 6-9, respectively, at 26 degrees. The apparent heats of ionization of these groups varied from 26-8 to 31-8 kJ mol-... | Comparative studies on the N-oxidation of aniline and N,N-dimethylaniline by rabbit liver microsomes. 1. Rate studies of N-oxidation of aniline and N,N-dimethylaniline by rabbit liver microsomal preparations were performed at different pH values. The apparent pKs of the free functional groups were 7-2 and 6-9, respecti... | [
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PMID:11614 | Azo- and nitro-reductases of the cestode Moniezia expansa. Substrate specificity, reaction products and the effects of flavins and other compounds. | 1. The effects of various inhibitors and activators on the azo- and nitro-reductases of Moniezia expansa have been studied. Both reductions were partially inhibited by FAD, FMN, riboflavin, allopurinol, dicoumarol, 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde, azide and cyanide at 1 mM. Both reactions were stimulated by hypoxanthine. Menadio... | Azo- and nitro-reductases of the cestode Moniezia expansa. Substrate specificity, reaction products and the effects of flavins and other compounds. 1. The effects of various inhibitors and activators on the azo- and nitro-reductases of Moniezia expansa have been studied. Both reductions were partially inhibited by FAD,... | [
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PMID:11615 | A new metabolic pathway of bromazepam involving attachment of a methylthio group. | 1. The structures of three hitherto unidentified metabolites of bromazepam in the rat were elucidated using u.v., mass, n.m.r. and i.r. spectrometry. 2. All three metabolites contained a methylthio or corresponding oxidized group at the C-6' position of the pyridyl moiety. 3. Quantitative analysis of the metabolites de... | A new metabolic pathway of bromazepam involving attachment of a methylthio group. 1. The structures of three hitherto unidentified metabolites of bromazepam in the rat were elucidated using u.v., mass, n.m.r. and i.r. spectrometry. 2. All three metabolites contained a methylthio or corresponding oxidized group at the C... | [
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PMID:11616 | [Incidence of stress ulcer and secretion of gastric juice following truncal and selective vagotomy]. | In rats development of stress ulcers by immobilization is accompanied by elevated pH, reduced amount of gastric juice, and by this with decreased amount of acid. Consequently, the acid factor has no primary importance for the development of stress ulcer. Truncal vagotomy, selective proximal vagotomy, and selective antr... | [Incidence of stress ulcer and secretion of gastric juice following truncal and selective vagotomy]. In rats development of stress ulcers by immobilization is accompanied by elevated pH, reduced amount of gastric juice, and by this with decreased amount of acid. Consequently, the acid factor has no primary importance f... | [
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PMID:11617 | Influence of alpha-adrenergic block and beta-adrenergic stimulation on distribution of cardiac output after cardiopulmonary bypass. | Organ and tissue damage restricts total cardiopulmonary bypass to a few hours in patients. The cause might be the disturbance of tissue flow in which the sympatho-adrenal hyper-activity plays a decisive role. In dogs, killed 30 min after cardiopulmonary bypass was stopped, we studied the tissue distribution of cardiac ... | Influence of alpha-adrenergic block and beta-adrenergic stimulation on distribution of cardiac output after cardiopulmonary bypass. Organ and tissue damage restricts total cardiopulmonary bypass to a few hours in patients. The cause might be the disturbance of tissue flow in which the sympatho-adrenal hyper-activity pl... | [
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PMID:11621 | [On the effect of particulate airborne substances on various micro-organisms (author's transl)]. | Experimental studies on the reaction of micro-organisms on fine-dust filters (type C) and high-efficiency particulate air filters (type R and S) have shown no evidence of a growth of microorganisms. Therefore efforts were aimed at detecting antimicrobial factors which were supposed to exist in the precipitated acidic c... | [On the effect of particulate airborne substances on various micro-organisms (author's transl)]. Experimental studies on the reaction of micro-organisms on fine-dust filters (type C) and high-efficiency particulate air filters (type R and S) have shown no evidence of a growth of microorganisms. Therefore efforts were a... | [
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PMID:11622 | [On the enzymatics of the microbial breakdown of pyrazone (author's transl)]. | From samples of earth taken in different parts of the world bacteria were isolated which grow on pyrazone as the only source of carbon. When these bacteria are grown in a pyrazone mineral salt medium, four compounds are excreted into the medium. The structures of these compounds furnish information on the catabolic rou... | [On the enzymatics of the microbial breakdown of pyrazone (author's transl)]. From samples of earth taken in different parts of the world bacteria were isolated which grow on pyrazone as the only source of carbon. When these bacteria are grown in a pyrazone mineral salt medium, four compounds are excreted into the medi... | [
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PMID:11623 | [Determination of the toxicity of industrial waste by means of a bacterial test (author's transl)]. | The decision on whether industrial waste should be deposited on general or special dumps depends upon the toxicity of the waste and thus upon the risk of ground-water pollution and the killing off of micro-organisms responsible for breaking down waste products. Since chemical analyses that are to provide information on... | [Determination of the toxicity of industrial waste by means of a bacterial test (author's transl)]. The decision on whether industrial waste should be deposited on general or special dumps depends upon the toxicity of the waste and thus upon the risk of ground-water pollution and the killing off of micro-organisms resp... | [
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PMID:11624 | [The effect of pH value and temperature on the stability of L-aminoacidoxidase from the venom of the sand viper]. | The stability of highly purified L-amino acid oxidase from the sand viper venom remains practically unaffected by the pH-value at 4degreesC between pH 5 and 8, whereas a sharp activity fall was observed on both sides of this range. At temperatures above 30 degreesC the enzyme is stable only at pH 5.0--5.5. The inactiva... | [The effect of pH value and temperature on the stability of L-aminoacidoxidase from the venom of the sand viper]. The stability of highly purified L-amino acid oxidase from the sand viper venom remains practically unaffected by the pH-value at 4degreesC between pH 5 and 8, whereas a sharp activity fall was observed on ... | [
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PMID:11626 | Retransfusion acidosis after brief haemorrhagic hypotension in the dog. | Dogs under chloralose anasthesia were bled at a rate of 50 ml/min to a total of 25 ml/kg body weight and 2 minutes later a quick reinfusion of adequate volumes of blood, dextran, or Locke's solution was done. Within 2 minutes after reinfusion, the pH of arterial blood fell by 0.074--0.127; concurrently, PaCO2 rose by 9... | Retransfusion acidosis after brief haemorrhagic hypotension in the dog. Dogs under chloralose anasthesia were bled at a rate of 50 ml/min to a total of 25 ml/kg body weight and 2 minutes later a quick reinfusion of adequate volumes of blood, dextran, or Locke's solution was done. Within 2 minutes after reinfusion, the ... | [
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PMID:11629 | [Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase in alcoholic liver diseases]. | In well defined liver diseases in 69 alcoholics and in 71 patients without history of alcoholism the enzymatic findings were compared. Also a group of 43 alcoholics with praedelirium or delirium tremens were examined. In steatosis due to alcohol, the average of GGTP (145 U/l) attains values two times higher than in com... | [Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase in alcoholic liver diseases]. In well defined liver diseases in 69 alcoholics and in 71 patients without history of alcoholism the enzymatic findings were compared. Also a group of 43 alcoholics with praedelirium or delirium tremens were examined. In steatosis due to alcohol, the average ... | [
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PMID:11630 | Hepatic blood flow and cardiac output during Fluoromar anaesthesia. An animal study. | Related values of cardiac output and hepatic blood flow were measured in eight premedicated (pethidine 10 mg/kg b.w.) dogs under varying depths of fluoromar anaesthesia. The measurements were first taken under basis anaesthesia with barbiturate (mebumal natrium 25 mg/kg b.w.) gallamine (80 mg)-N2O-O-O2 (ratio 2 to 1) w... | Hepatic blood flow and cardiac output during Fluoromar anaesthesia. An animal study. Related values of cardiac output and hepatic blood flow were measured in eight premedicated (pethidine 10 mg/kg b.w.) dogs under varying depths of fluoromar anaesthesia. The measurements were first taken under basis anaesthesia with ba... | [
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PMID:11631 | Regulation of the cyclic guanosine 3'-5' monophosphate system in human brain tumors. | Several reports have suggested that cylcic guanosine 3'-5' monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic 3'-5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) are involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation. Following our previous reports on the cAMP system in human brain tumors, we decided to investigate the cGMP system in the same patholo... | Regulation of the cyclic guanosine 3'-5' monophosphate system in human brain tumors. Several reports have suggested that cylcic guanosine 3'-5' monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic 3'-5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) are involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation. Following our previous reports on the cAMP system... | [
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PMID:11632 | Exposure to drugs and other possibly harmful factors during the first trimester of pregnancy. Comparison of two prospective studies performed in Sweden 10 years apart. | 474 women in mid-pregnancy, interviewed at ten different hospitals in Sweden, were questioned on a number of social and medical items: e.g., drug use, contraceptive technique used before pregnancy, exposure to possibly deleterious factors in the environment. The study, compared with a similar study made ten years earli... | Exposure to drugs and other possibly harmful factors during the first trimester of pregnancy. Comparison of two prospective studies performed in Sweden 10 years apart. 474 women in mid-pregnancy, interviewed at ten different hospitals in Sweden, were questioned on a number of social and medical items: e.g., drug use, c... | [
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PMID:11633 | Correlation of maternal physical fitness during pregnancy with maternal and fetal pH and lactic acid at delivery. | The physical fitness of 120 healthy primigravidae was determined two weeks before term using first the standardized three-stage submaximal work test on the following day the voluntarily maximal pulse-conducted work test on a bicycle ergometer. After the first test the level of lactic acid in the capillary circulation o... | Correlation of maternal physical fitness during pregnancy with maternal and fetal pH and lactic acid at delivery. The physical fitness of 120 healthy primigravidae was determined two weeks before term using first the standardized three-stage submaximal work test on the following day the voluntarily maximal pulse-conduc... | [
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PMID:11634 | Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and urinary D-glucaric acid excretion in newborns in the first week of life. Effects of phenobarbital and nicethamide combination. | High serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was found in cord blood of newborn boys. This activity decreased to lower values on the 4th and 7th days. In newborns treated for 3 days following the birth with a combination of phenobarbital and nicethamide an increase of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity occurre... | Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and urinary D-glucaric acid excretion in newborns in the first week of life. Effects of phenobarbital and nicethamide combination. High serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was found in cord blood of newborn boys. This activity decreased to lower values on the 4th an... | [
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PMID:11635 | Enzyme histochemical study on fat-storing cells (so-called Ito's cell) of liver. | Inorder to gain a foothold in clarifying the functional significance of fatstoring cells, an enzyme histochemical study on these cells was carried out. Fat-storing cells showed no alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase or esterase activity but demonstrated a marked gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity suggesting the ... | Enzyme histochemical study on fat-storing cells (so-called Ito's cell) of liver. Inorder to gain a foothold in clarifying the functional significance of fatstoring cells, an enzyme histochemical study on these cells was carried out. Fat-storing cells showed no alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase or esterase activity... | [
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PMID:11636 | A simple procedure for the purification of staphylococcal alpha-toxin. | Staphylococcal alpha-toxin was produced in a fluid medium based on acid hydrolysed casein using strain Wood 46. alpha-Toxin and several other proteins were precipitated from bacteria-free culture supernatants by heating at 60 degrees C for 20 min. The process was influenced by the pH of the solution. The toxin was comp... | A simple procedure for the purification of staphylococcal alpha-toxin. Staphylococcal alpha-toxin was produced in a fluid medium based on acid hydrolysed casein using strain Wood 46. alpha-Toxin and several other proteins were precipitated from bacteria-free culture supernatants by heating at 60 degrees C for 20 min. T... | [
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PMID:11637 | Some physicochemical properties of human leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF). | Leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF) obtained from human lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A was consistently and irreversibly blocked by the serine-esterase inhibitor phenyl-methyl sulphonylfuoride (PMSF). This effect was not due to fluoride ions, hydrolysis products of PMSF or to impurities. PMSF pulse ... | Some physicochemical properties of human leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF). Leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF) obtained from human lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A was consistently and irreversibly blocked by the serine-esterase inhibitor phenyl-methyl sulphonylfuoride (PMSF). This effect w... | [
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PMID:11642 | A study of the relationship between the electrocardiogram and hemodynamics in the fetal lamb during asphyxia. | Progressive changes in the S-T interval of the fetal ECG were studied in 22 lamb fetuses, acutely exteriorized and submitted to graded hypoxia. The ECG changes were studied in order to correlate them with cardiovascular function, as measured by heart rate, mean arterial pressure, end diastolic pressure and combined car... | A study of the relationship between the electrocardiogram and hemodynamics in the fetal lamb during asphyxia. Progressive changes in the S-T interval of the fetal ECG were studied in 22 lamb fetuses, acutely exteriorized and submitted to graded hypoxia. The ECG changes were studied in order to correlate them with cardi... | [
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PMID:11643 | Non-pharmacological factors in drug treatment of anxiety states. | Forty-six outpatients with anxiety tension states took part in a study on the effects of anxiolytic drugs. After the first interview the subjects also filled in a questionnaire as to their expectations of treatment outcome (n=41) and their experience of the first consultation (n=42), and the doctors made a prognostic e... | Non-pharmacological factors in drug treatment of anxiety states. Forty-six outpatients with anxiety tension states took part in a study on the effects of anxiolytic drugs. After the first interview the subjects also filled in a questionnaire as to their expectations of treatment outcome (n=41) and their experience of t... | [
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PMID:11645 | A comparison of drug use among Houston and lower Rio Grande valley secondary students. | The authors conducted a study of drug use among students of a predominantly Mexican-American population and compared their findings with a similar study that was done in a large urban setting. They suggest that drug use among Mexican-American secondary students is less than among Anglo secondary students, which is oppo... | A comparison of drug use among Houston and lower Rio Grande valley secondary students. The authors conducted a study of drug use among students of a predominantly Mexican-American population and compared their findings with a similar study that was done in a large urban setting. They suggest that drug use among Mexican... | [
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PMID:11649 | Chlorination, decarboxylation and bactericidal activity mediated by the MPO-H2O2-C1- system. | 1. MPO, H2O2 and C1- form a complex that undergoes intramolecular rearrangement yielding the chlorinium ion. 2. The chlorinium ion can interact with MPO, bacteria and amino acids. 3. The reaction can occur at a wide range of pH, H2O2 concentration and C1- concentration. 4. The chlorinium ion can attack different protei... | Chlorination, decarboxylation and bactericidal activity mediated by the MPO-H2O2-C1- system. 1. MPO, H2O2 and C1- form a complex that undergoes intramolecular rearrangement yielding the chlorinium ion. 2. The chlorinium ion can interact with MPO, bacteria and amino acids. 3. The reaction can occur at a wide range of pH... | [
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PMID:11650 | Antagonism of arachidonic acid hydroperoxide on isolated gastrointestinal tissues as a measure of the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. | Arachidonic acid hydroperoxide (AAP)-induced contractions of the isolated guinea pig ileum and rat stomach fundus are inhibited by suprofen [alpha-methyl-4-(2-thienylcarbonyl) benzeneacetic acid], indomethacin, phenylbutazone, and acetylsalicyclic acid in descending order of activity. This effect is highly specific, si... | Antagonism of arachidonic acid hydroperoxide on isolated gastrointestinal tissues as a measure of the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. Arachidonic acid hydroperoxide (AAP)-induced contractions of the isolated guinea pig ileum and rat stomach fundus are inhibited by suprofen [alpha-methyl-4-(2-thienylcarbonyl) ... | [
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PMID:11654 | Splenomegaly in Northern Nigeria. | Seventy five patients with large spleens were investigated in order to establish the causes of splenomegaly in Northern Nigeria, to define further the diagnostic criteria of tropical splenomegaly syndrome (TSS), and to study its pathogenesis. Investigations included examination of liver biopsy, bone marrow cytology, ly... | Splenomegaly in Northern Nigeria. Seventy five patients with large spleens were investigated in order to establish the causes of splenomegaly in Northern Nigeria, to define further the diagnostic criteria of tropical splenomegaly syndrome (TSS), and to study its pathogenesis. Investigations included examination of live... | [
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PMID:11655 | Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease among 56,8000 inhabitants in southeast Teheran from 1972-1974. | A study of the incidence of R. fever in an area in southeast Teheran during the period 1972-1974 revealed 92 cases. The crude annual incidence of R. fever ranged from a high of 58 cases to a low of 51 cases per 100,000 population. The age and sex specific rates revealed the incidence to be strikingly higher in the 5-19... | Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease among 56,8000 inhabitants in southeast Teheran from 1972-1974. A study of the incidence of R. fever in an area in southeast Teheran during the period 1972-1974 revealed 92 cases. The crude annual incidence of R. fever ranged from a high of 58 cases to a low of 51 cases per 10... | [
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PMID:11656 | Incidence of and beliefs about trypanosomiasis in the Senegal River Basin. | A survey was conducted for trypanosomiasis of 10,875 persons living in 56 villages in the Senegal River Basin in Mali. The incidence of the disease was found to be 137.9/100,000. An interview survey was simultaneously undertaken in order to elucidate local beliefs about the disease. Although trypanosomiasis is recogniz... | Incidence of and beliefs about trypanosomiasis in the Senegal River Basin. A survey was conducted for trypanosomiasis of 10,875 persons living in 56 villages in the Senegal River Basin in Mali. The incidence of the disease was found to be 137.9/100,000. An interview survey was simultaneously undertaken in order to eluc... | [
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PMID:11657 | [Toxoplasmosis in the Republic of Mali. An epidemiologic approach]. | 1664- sera from children and adults were collected in rural and urban areas of Mali and were tested in Toxoplasmosis serology. Immunofluorescent antibody tests and direct agglutination test have been used for this purpose. 65 per cent of adults from urban area and 56 to 58 per cent of adults from rural area gave positi... | [Toxoplasmosis in the Republic of Mali. An epidemiologic approach]. 1664- sera from children and adults were collected in rural and urban areas of Mali and were tested in Toxoplasmosis serology. Immunofluorescent antibody tests and direct agglutination test have been used for this purpose. 65 per cent of adults from ur... | [
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PMID:11658 | [Changes in the blood pictureof the red goat of Maradi as a function of its gastrointestinal parasitism]. | Numerous "chèvres de Maradi" are bred in Republique du Niger (cap. Niamey), 2 - 10(+6) numbered in 1973. This rustic ruminant is often very parasitized by intestinal nematodes and sporozoa. The most frequent genera are Bunostomum (55%), Trichostrongylus (40%), Strongyloides (27%), Oesophagostomum and Haemonchus (20%), ... | [Changes in the blood pictureof the red goat of Maradi as a function of its gastrointestinal parasitism]. Numerous "chèvres de Maradi" are bred in Republique du Niger (cap. Niamey), 2 - 10(+6) numbered in 1973. This rustic ruminant is often very parasitized by intestinal nematodes and sporozoa. The most frequent genera... | [
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PMID:11660 | [Distribution and ecology of Ixodes trianguliceps (Birula, 1895) (Acarina, Ixodoidea) in France, particularly in the South-East]. | Ixodes trianguliceps, parasite of insectivores and rodent mammals seems to be distributed throughout France, except in the mediterranean low altitude areas. This tick which does not manifest any parasitic specificty, has meanwhile preferred hosts (Clethrionomys glareolus, especially). At low altitudes, it likes forests... | [Distribution and ecology of Ixodes trianguliceps (Birula, 1895) (Acarina, Ixodoidea) in France, particularly in the South-East]. Ixodes trianguliceps, parasite of insectivores and rodent mammals seems to be distributed throughout France, except in the mediterranean low altitude areas. This tick which does not manifest... | [
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PMID:11662 | Buoyant density of some togaviruses in sucrose density gradient and capacity of their haemagglutinin fractions to interact with antibody. | The buoyant densities of Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (an Alphavirus) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus (a Flavivirus) antigens prepared by different methods were studied. Sucrose density centrifugation revealed a heterogeneity in the density of the virions. The sedimentation pattern and height of peaks... | Buoyant density of some togaviruses in sucrose density gradient and capacity of their haemagglutinin fractions to interact with antibody. The buoyant densities of Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (an Alphavirus) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus (a Flavivirus) antigens prepared by different methods were stu... | [
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PMID:11663 | The opposite temperature-sensitivity character (ts) in two attenuated flaviviruses, used for human immunization: 17D yellow fever and E5"14" (Langat) viruses. A reappraisal of thoughts. | For the reproduction of the man-attenuated E5"14" clone of the Langat virus (tick-borne encephalitis complex) in pig kidney epithelial cells, the temperature of 39 degrees C was shown as restrictive, whereas it was permissive for the 17D strain of yellow fever virus and three virulent strains of tick-borne encephalitis... | The opposite temperature-sensitivity character (ts) in two attenuated flaviviruses, used for human immunization: 17D yellow fever and E5"14" (Langat) viruses. A reappraisal of thoughts. For the reproduction of the man-attenuated E5"14" clone of the Langat virus (tick-borne encephalitis complex) in pig kidney epithelial... | [
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PMID:11664 | Studies on the characteristics of Poliovirus type 3. III. Strain characteristics after passage in man. | The markers d, IST, EA1(OH)3 and rct at sub- and supraoptimal temperatures as well as neurovirulence (PMic) for monkeys was determined for strains isolated from children vaccinated with Leon 12a1b vaccine, their contacts and from paralytic cases. The strains were isolated at early and late phases of excretion. The chan... | Studies on the characteristics of Poliovirus type 3. III. Strain characteristics after passage in man. The markers d, IST, EA1(OH)3 and rct at sub- and supraoptimal temperatures as well as neurovirulence (PMic) for monkeys was determined for strains isolated from children vaccinated with Leon 12a1b vaccine, their conta... | [
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PMID:11665 | Effect of methyl glyoxal on infectivity and antigenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | The inactivating effect of methyl glyoxal on foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus was studied. The rate of inactivation depended upon the drug concentration, incubation temperature and pH of the medium. RNA recovered from the inactivated virus was not infectious. The complement-fixing activity of the virus was not reduce... | Effect of methyl glyoxal on infectivity and antigenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus. The inactivating effect of methyl glyoxal on foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus was studied. The rate of inactivation depended upon the drug concentration, incubation temperature and pH of the medium. RNA recovered from the inacti... | [
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PMID:11666 | Some immunological mechanisms of the influenza virus antitumour effect. | Vaccine strains of influenza A virus inhibited the growth of ascitic tumour cells and outbred rats or inbred mice. The infected tumour bearers had an enhanced immune response to viral and specific tumour antigens. These phenomena are apparently due to the formation of complexes of both antigens on cell membranes and in... | Some immunological mechanisms of the influenza virus antitumour effect. Vaccine strains of influenza A virus inhibited the growth of ascitic tumour cells and outbred rats or inbred mice. The infected tumour bearers had an enhanced immune response to viral and specific tumour antigens. These phenomena are apparently due... | [
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PMID:11667 | In vitro studies on cell-mediated immune response to tick-borne encephalitis virus: findings in convalescents and human subclinical infections. | Peripheral blood leukocytes from tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) convelescents (manifest and inapparent forms) working with TBE virus-containing material and from individuals without specific serum virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) were studied in capillary tube leukocyte migration experiments. Partially purified TBE v... | In vitro studies on cell-mediated immune response to tick-borne encephalitis virus: findings in convalescents and human subclinical infections. Peripheral blood leukocytes from tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) convelescents (manifest and inapparent forms) working with TBE virus-containing material and from individuals wit... | [
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PMID:11668 | Computer evaluation of antiviral activities of some thiosemicarbazones in experiments in vivo. | A new mathematical method based on 3-, 4- or 6-point parallel-line assays was applied for working out a computer programme used to evaluate the activity of some new isatin-beta-thiosemicarbazone derivatives against vaccinia virus, studied in vivo. | Computer evaluation of antiviral activities of some thiosemicarbazones in experiments in vivo. A new mathematical method based on 3-, 4- or 6-point parallel-line assays was applied for working out a computer programme used to evaluate the activity of some new isatin-beta-thiosemicarbazone derivatives against vaccinia v... | [
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PMID:11669 | Quantitative assay of influenza virus soluble antigen by complement-fixation micromethod. | A modified micromethod of complement fixation (CF) reaction for quantitive assay of Influenzavirus soluble (s) antigen was elaborated. The method makes it possible to determine microquantities of s-antigen with an accuracy of +/- 15%. The accuracy of the method was checked by theoretical calculations. | Quantitative assay of influenza virus soluble antigen by complement-fixation micromethod. A modified micromethod of complement fixation (CF) reaction for quantitive assay of Influenzavirus soluble (s) antigen was elaborated. The method makes it possible to determine microquantities of s-antigen with an accuracy of +/- ... | [
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PMID:11670 | Stable erythrocyte diagnostic preparation for passive haemagglutination test with herpes simplex virus antigen. | A method for the preparation of stable suspensions of erythrocytes sensitized with herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigen and for their use in the passive haemagglutination test (PHAT) was developed. Formolized sheep erythrocytes were treated with tannin and sensitized with HSV antigen prepared from infected chick embryo c... | Stable erythrocyte diagnostic preparation for passive haemagglutination test with herpes simplex virus antigen. A method for the preparation of stable suspensions of erythrocytes sensitized with herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigen and for their use in the passive haemagglutination test (PHAT) was developed. Formolized s... | [
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PMID:11673 | Uptake of labelled tobacco mosaic virus by tobacco protoplasts in the presence of metabolic inhibitors and at low temperature. | In the presence of inhibitors of protein synthesis and energy metabolism, tobacco protoplasts were shown to retain 14C-labelled tobacco mosaic virus (14C-TMV) with the same intensity as in control. At 2 degrees C, the protoplasts retained 14C-TMV at approximately the same rate as at 25 degrees C. In protoplasts inoccul... | Uptake of labelled tobacco mosaic virus by tobacco protoplasts in the presence of metabolic inhibitors and at low temperature. In the presence of inhibitors of protein synthesis and energy metabolism, tobacco protoplasts were shown to retain 14C-labelled tobacco mosaic virus (14C-TMV) with the same intensity as in cont... | [
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PMID:11680 | Present state of alpha and beta adrenergic drugs. II. The adrenergic blocking agents. | There are selective blocking agents (antagonists) for alpha receptors and beta receptors. These blocking agents prevent the response to injected agonists and neurogenically released norepinephrine. The principal cardiovascular response to alpha blockade is postural hypotension with reflexly induced cardiac stimulation.... | Present state of alpha and beta adrenergic drugs. II. The adrenergic blocking agents. There are selective blocking agents (antagonists) for alpha receptors and beta receptors. These blocking agents prevent the response to injected agonists and neurogenically released norepinephrine. The principal cardiovascular respons... | [
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PMID:11682 | The binding of the components of mixed micelle to dietary fiber. | Bile acid conjugates are adsorbed to cereal fiber. Bile acid conjugates incorporated into micelles with cholesterol are reversibly adsorbed as micelles on to the fiber. Incorporating bile acid conjugates into micelles with monoglycerides somewhat depresses adsorption of bile acid conjugate. If fatty acids, monoglycerid... | The binding of the components of mixed micelle to dietary fiber. Bile acid conjugates are adsorbed to cereal fiber. Bile acid conjugates incorporated into micelles with cholesterol are reversibly adsorbed as micelles on to the fiber. Incorporating bile acid conjugates into micelles with monoglycerides somewhat depresse... | [
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PMID:11683 | Anti-inflammatory drug treatment in Crohn's disease. | In a prospective evaluation of all patients with Crohn's disease treated by us since 1970, 62 have completed at least one year, or required bowel resection after at least three months, of anti-inflammatory drug treatment. Sulfasalazine alone was used in 24 patients, steroids alone were used in four patients, both drugs... | Anti-inflammatory drug treatment in Crohn's disease. In a prospective evaluation of all patients with Crohn's disease treated by us since 1970, 62 have completed at least one year, or required bowel resection after at least three months, of anti-inflammatory drug treatment. Sulfasalazine alone was used in 24 patients, ... | [
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PMID:11684 | A filtration model for study of leukocyte transit in the microcirculation. | In order to study characteristics of leukocytes which would be important determinants of their flow in the microcirculation, a model system was tested which utilizes in vitro filtration of leukocytes. Normal human peripheral blood leukocytes (85-90% granulocytes) were studied with filters with uniform 8 mum pore size. ... | A filtration model for study of leukocyte transit in the microcirculation. In order to study characteristics of leukocytes which would be important determinants of their flow in the microcirculation, a model system was tested which utilizes in vitro filtration of leukocytes. Normal human peripheral blood leukocytes (85... | [
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PMID:11685 | Pharmacology and therapeutic use of antihistamines. | The classes of antihistaminic agents, their pharmacology and therapeutic uses, adverse effects, drug interactions, toxic overdoses and abuse are reviewed. It is concluded that antihistamines are valuable drugs for treating a number of conditions and diseases (e.g. allergic rhinitis, motion sickness and parkinsonism), b... | Pharmacology and therapeutic use of antihistamines. The classes of antihistaminic agents, their pharmacology and therapeutic uses, adverse effects, drug interactions, toxic overdoses and abuse are reviewed. It is concluded that antihistamines are valuable drugs for treating a number of conditions and diseases (e.g. all... | [
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PMID:11686 | Hemolysis of erythrocytes by primary pharmacologic agents, part 2: influence of the vehicle. | The hemolytic activity in vitro of chlorpromazine hydrochloride, chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and brompheniramine maleate was examined using various intravenous solutions as the vehicle. Fresh human blood was employed in the investigation which used a colorimetric method for the determination of hemolysis. Prior to t... | Hemolysis of erythrocytes by primary pharmacologic agents, part 2: influence of the vehicle. The hemolytic activity in vitro of chlorpromazine hydrochloride, chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and brompheniramine maleate was examined using various intravenous solutions as the vehicle. Fresh human blood was employed in the ... | [
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PMID:11687 | Beta blockers in hypertension: a review. | The mechanisms of action, clinical use and untoward reactions of the beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, with particular attention to the role of these agents in the treatment of hypertension, are reviewed. Specific topics covered include the effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on the heart, renin secretion and the central ... | Beta blockers in hypertension: a review. The mechanisms of action, clinical use and untoward reactions of the beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, with particular attention to the role of these agents in the treatment of hypertension, are reviewed. Specific topics covered include the effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on th... | [
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PMID:11688 | Effect of orange juice consumption on urinary pH. | The effect of orange juice consumption on urinary pH was studied in seven adult male subjects, each of whom served as his own control. The diet of the subjects was standardized during the work-day. The effects of two regimens of orange juice were studied: 1500 ml divided into five 300-ml portions during the day, and 30... | Effect of orange juice consumption on urinary pH. The effect of orange juice consumption on urinary pH was studied in seven adult male subjects, each of whom served as his own control. The diet of the subjects was standardized during the work-day. The effects of two regimens of orange juice were studied: 1500 ml divide... | [
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PMID:11689 | Prevention of prematurity. | Although only about 8 per cent of pregnancies end prematurely, as much as 75 per cent of perinatal deaths are due to prematurity. Since it is difficult to identify the predisposing factors in individual cases and to prevent the premature onset of labor, it is necessary to try to arrest such labor when it occurs. A theo... | Prevention of prematurity. Although only about 8 per cent of pregnancies end prematurely, as much as 75 per cent of perinatal deaths are due to prematurity. Since it is difficult to identify the predisposing factors in individual cases and to prevent the premature onset of labor, it is necessary to try to arrest such l... | [
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PMID:11690 | Effect of ritodrine on uterine activity, heart rate, and blood pressure in the pregnant sheep: combined use of alpha or beta blockade. | Ritodrine hydrochloride was administered parenterally to pregnant ewes during spontaneous or oxytocin-induced uterine activity. The effects of ritodrine on the uterus and cardiovasculature were assessed both with and without simultaneous administration of either alpha or beta blockade. Ritodrine was found to be an effe... | Effect of ritodrine on uterine activity, heart rate, and blood pressure in the pregnant sheep: combined use of alpha or beta blockade. Ritodrine hydrochloride was administered parenterally to pregnant ewes during spontaneous or oxytocin-induced uterine activity. The effects of ritodrine on the uterus and cardiovasculat... | [
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PMID:11691 | Effect of propranolol infusion on the umbilical and uterine circulations of pregnant sheep. | Propranolol was infused intravenously for 60 minutes to five ewes (4 mug per kilogram per minute) or five fetal sheep (10 mug per kilogram per minute). The umbilical blood flow was significantly decreased by 18 per cent from control at 60 minutes with either maternal or fetal propranolol infusion. Uterine blood flow an... | Effect of propranolol infusion on the umbilical and uterine circulations of pregnant sheep. Propranolol was infused intravenously for 60 minutes to five ewes (4 mug per kilogram per minute) or five fetal sheep (10 mug per kilogram per minute). The umbilical blood flow was significantly decreased by 18 per cent from con... | [
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PMID:11692 | Exudative retinal detachment and scleritis in polyarteritis. | A 64-year-old white man, treated with systemic corticosteroids for five years, developed polyarteritis. He then developed a severe scleritis with an exudative retinal detachment in the right eye, which became blind and painful and was enucleated 23 months after onset of the scleritis. Histopathologic examination of the... | Exudative retinal detachment and scleritis in polyarteritis. A 64-year-old white man, treated with systemic corticosteroids for five years, developed polyarteritis. He then developed a severe scleritis with an exudative retinal detachment in the right eye, which became blind and painful and was enucleated 23 months aft... | [
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PMID:11693 | The stability of ten antibiotics in artificial tear solutions. | We determined the relative potencies of penicillin G, carbenicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, cephaloridine, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, vancomycin, and bacitracin after their addition to three commercially available 0.5% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose artificial tear solutions in plastic squeeze bottles. We found n... | The stability of ten antibiotics in artificial tear solutions. We determined the relative potencies of penicillin G, carbenicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, cephaloridine, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, vancomycin, and bacitracin after their addition to three commercially available 0.5% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose a... | [
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PMID:11694 | The closed eye environement: pH. | Earlier observations showed that unbuffered bathing media held by a closed chamber against the eye would become progressively more acid over a few minutes. Such shifts, however, when examined for the naturally closed eye, even for prolonged periods, were found to be within 1 pH unit of the open-eye measured average. | The closed eye environement: pH. Earlier observations showed that unbuffered bathing media held by a closed chamber against the eye would become progressively more acid over a few minutes. Such shifts, however, when examined for the naturally closed eye, even for prolonged periods, were found to be within 1 pH unit of ... | [
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PMID:11695 | Effect of virus infection on the inflammatory response. Depression of macrophage accumulation in influenza-infected mice. | To better define the mechanisms by which viruses depress immune function, the effect of influenza infection on the ability of macrophages to accumulate at sites of inflammation was determined. Mice were inoculated with virus, and their inflammatory response measured in vivo by counting the number of leukocytes which ac... | Effect of virus infection on the inflammatory response. Depression of macrophage accumulation in influenza-infected mice. To better define the mechanisms by which viruses depress immune function, the effect of influenza infection on the ability of macrophages to accumulate at sites of inflammation was determined. Mice ... | [
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PMID:11696 | Formation of slow-reacting substance by guinea pig immunoglobulins. | The capacity of guinea pig antibodies to mediate the antigen-induced release of slow-reacting substance (SRS) in the rat peritoneal cavity is restricted to IgG2 and, to a lesser extent, to IgG1 populations of immunoglobulin. IgM and homocytotropic antibody of the reaginic type lacked this activity. The process was part... | Formation of slow-reacting substance by guinea pig immunoglobulins. The capacity of guinea pig antibodies to mediate the antigen-induced release of slow-reacting substance (SRS) in the rat peritoneal cavity is restricted to IgG2 and, to a lesser extent, to IgG1 populations of immunoglobulin. IgM and homocytotropic anti... | [
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PMID:11697 | Interaction of chemical carcinogens and drug-metabolizing enzymes in primary cultures of hepatic cells from the rat. | The experiments described in this paper have demonstrated that hepatocytes cultured on floating collagen membranes for periods of 10 days retain their ability to respond to the inducers of drug-metabolizing enzymes, phenobarbital and methylcholanthrene, by increases in cytochromes of the cytochrome P-450 complex. Since... | Interaction of chemical carcinogens and drug-metabolizing enzymes in primary cultures of hepatic cells from the rat. The experiments described in this paper have demonstrated that hepatocytes cultured on floating collagen membranes for periods of 10 days retain their ability to respond to the inducers of drug-metaboliz... | [
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PMID:11698 | Properties of toad skin Na-K-ATPase with special reference to effect of temperature. | The NA-K-ATPase of toad skin was characteristically sensitive to Na, K, and ATP. It was not affected by amiloride, vasopressin, cAMP, and thyroxine, but stimulated by insulin. Ouabain, a potent inhibitor at 37 degrees C, did not inhibit the enzyme activity significantly at 23 degrees C. The optimal pH for the enzyme ac... | Properties of toad skin Na-K-ATPase with special reference to effect of temperature. The NA-K-ATPase of toad skin was characteristically sensitive to Na, K, and ATP. It was not affected by amiloride, vasopressin, cAMP, and thyroxine, but stimulated by insulin. Ouabain, a potent inhibitor at 37 degrees C, did not inhibi... | [
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PMID:11699 | Extracranial angiographic findings in giant cell (temporal) arteritis. | Angiograms of 10 patients with giant cell arteritis who had large-artery and aortic abnormalities were reviewed. The affected arteries had multiple stenotic areas, and occlusions were relatively common, usually located at the end of tapered stenotic segments. Bridging collateral arteries usually refilled the distal por... | Extracranial angiographic findings in giant cell (temporal) arteritis. Angiograms of 10 patients with giant cell arteritis who had large-artery and aortic abnormalities were reviewed. The affected arteries had multiple stenotic areas, and occlusions were relatively common, usually located at the end of tapered stenotic... | [
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PMID:11714 | Analysis of body height in 829 patients with different forms of testicular pathology. | Analysis of body height was performed in the control group of 500 well-fertile men and in 829 patients with various forms of testicular pathology such as hypoplasia of testicles, unilateral and bilateral cryptorchism, hypogonadotrophic eunuchodism, and Klinefelter's syndrome. A statistically greater average height was ... | Analysis of body height in 829 patients with different forms of testicular pathology. Analysis of body height was performed in the control group of 500 well-fertile men and in 829 patients with various forms of testicular pathology such as hypoplasia of testicles, unilateral and bilateral cryptorchism, hypogonadotrophi... | [
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PMID:11718 | Cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis and related disorders. | Leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the skin comprises several distinct clinical syndromes, each with immune complex deposition and some form of complement activation. Necrotizing vasculitides of larger blood vessels also produce skin lesions. These can be distinguished morphologically from those of small vessel vasculitis.... | Cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis and related disorders. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the skin comprises several distinct clinical syndromes, each with immune complex deposition and some form of complement activation. Necrotizing vasculitides of larger blood vessels also produce skin lesions. These can be distinguishe... | [
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PMID:11719 | [Anesthesia for resections-anastomoses of the trachea and the tracheal bifurcation]. | Resection and anastomosis of the trachea or the tracheal bifurcation, raises numerous problems, which will be discussed in a series of 81 patients: -there is more or less marked ventilatory insufficiency related to the degree of the stenosis, and difficulties of expectoration responsible for retention of sputum; -per-o... | [Anesthesia for resections-anastomoses of the trachea and the tracheal bifurcation]. Resection and anastomosis of the trachea or the tracheal bifurcation, raises numerous problems, which will be discussed in a series of 81 patients: -there is more or less marked ventilatory insufficiency related to the degree of the st... | [
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PMID:11720 | [Note on the care of tracheotomized patients]. | After considering the indications for tracheotomy on his intensive care unit, the author describes the risks of this operation and the means of avoiding them. Out of 1940 patients admitted over a period of 5 years on the intensive care unit of the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 175 were tracheotomised, in... | [Note on the care of tracheotomized patients]. After considering the indications for tracheotomy on his intensive care unit, the author describes the risks of this operation and the means of avoiding them. Out of 1940 patients admitted over a period of 5 years on the intensive care unit of the Royal Victoria Infirmary,... | [
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PMID:11721 | [Present role of selective intubation sounds in thoracic surgery]. | After the indications for selective bronchial intubation, the methods of bronchial control by various techniques, together with their advantages and disadvantages, are discussed. A Advantages: -the right and left lungs are completely separated and if the tube is correctly placed in position, it will avoid any loss of s... | [Present role of selective intubation sounds in thoracic surgery]. After the indications for selective bronchial intubation, the methods of bronchial control by various techniques, together with their advantages and disadvantages, are discussed. A Advantages: -the right and left lungs are completely separated and if th... | [
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PMID:11722 | [Benign esophagotracheobronchial fistulas in adults]. | Oeso-tracheal-bronchial fistulas are rare in adults and their precise etiology is often difficult to determine, apart from the traumatic causes. Their diagnosis, based on symptoms, is confirmed by tracheal, bronchial and esophageal endoscopy, esophageal opacification and esophageal cineradiography. Treatment should per... | [Benign esophagotracheobronchial fistulas in adults]. Oeso-tracheal-bronchial fistulas are rare in adults and their precise etiology is often difficult to determine, apart from the traumatic causes. Their diagnosis, based on symptoms, is confirmed by tracheal, bronchial and esophageal endoscopy, esophageal opacificatio... | [
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PMID:11723 | [Role of peridural anesthesia in thoracic surgery]. | Periduralaneaesthesia by the cervical route (C6-C7 or C7-D1) or by the upper lumbar route with an ascending catheter, permit thoracic surgery in all its applications. The reduction in operative bleeding is an appreciable advantage of the method, and automatic nervous stability is remarkable. On the other hand, keeping ... | [Role of peridural anesthesia in thoracic surgery]. Periduralaneaesthesia by the cervical route (C6-C7 or C7-D1) or by the upper lumbar route with an ascending catheter, permit thoracic surgery in all its applications. The reduction in operative bleeding is an appreciable advantage of the method, and automatic nervous ... | [
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