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PMID:13819 | Thermodynamic and conformational studies on an immunoglobulin light chain which reversibly precipitates at low temperatures. | A lambda light chain, isolated from an immunoglobulin G molecule, was found to reversibly precipitate at low temperatures. This cryoprecipitation was a function of pH, ionic strength, protein concentration, and time as well as temperature. The lambda chain underwent a cooperative conformational change as the temperatur... | Thermodynamic and conformational studies on an immunoglobulin light chain which reversibly precipitates at low temperatures. A lambda light chain, isolated from an immunoglobulin G molecule, was found to reversibly precipitate at low temperatures. This cryoprecipitation was a function of pH, ionic strength, protein con... | [
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PMID:13820 | Determination of the rate-limiting steps for malic enzyme by the use of isotope effects and other kinetic studies. | Isotope effects have been measured with Mg2+ as the activator and L-malate labeled with deuterium or tritium at carbon 2 as the substrate over the pH range 4-10. Comparison of the nearly pH-independent deuterium-isotope effect on V/Kmalate of 1.5 with the tritium effect of 2.0 by the method of Northrop (Northrop, D.B. ... | Determination of the rate-limiting steps for malic enzyme by the use of isotope effects and other kinetic studies. Isotope effects have been measured with Mg2+ as the activator and L-malate labeled with deuterium or tritium at carbon 2 as the substrate over the pH range 4-10. Comparison of the nearly pH-independent deu... | [
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PMID:13821 | pH variation of the kinetic parameters and the catalytic mechanism of malic enzyme. | The pH variation of the kinetic parameters for the oxidative decarboxylation of L-malate and decarboxylation of oxalacetate catalyzed by malic enzyme has been used to gain information on the catalytic mechanism of this enzyme. With Mn2+ as the activator, an active-site residue with a pK of 5.4 must be protonated for ox... | pH variation of the kinetic parameters and the catalytic mechanism of malic enzyme. The pH variation of the kinetic parameters for the oxidative decarboxylation of L-malate and decarboxylation of oxalacetate catalyzed by malic enzyme has been used to gain information on the catalytic mechanism of this enzyme. With Mn2+... | [
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PMID:13822 | Effect of magnesium on the properties of zinc alkaline phosphatase. | Alkaline phosphatase of Escherichia coli, isolated by procedures which do not alter its intrinsic metal content, contains 4.0 +/- 0.3 g-atoms of tightly bound zinc per mole (Kd less than 1 muM) and 1.3 +/- 0.2 g-atoms of magnesium per mole (Bosron, W.F., Kennedy, F.S., and Vallee, B.L. (1975), Biochemistry 14, 2275-228... | Effect of magnesium on the properties of zinc alkaline phosphatase. Alkaline phosphatase of Escherichia coli, isolated by procedures which do not alter its intrinsic metal content, contains 4.0 +/- 0.3 g-atoms of tightly bound zinc per mole (Kd less than 1 muM) and 1.3 +/- 0.2 g-atoms of magnesium per mole (Bosron, W.F... | [
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PMID:13823 | Dissociation and reconstitution of human ferroxidase II. | The ferroxidase II protein from human serum is large and structurally complex. It possesses protein-bound lipid and copper components which are essential for the maintenance of its catalytic activity. Treatment of ferroxidase II with 8 M urea, 6 M guanidine hydrochloride, or 6 M guanidine hydrochloride and alkylation d... | Dissociation and reconstitution of human ferroxidase II. The ferroxidase II protein from human serum is large and structurally complex. It possesses protein-bound lipid and copper components which are essential for the maintenance of its catalytic activity. Treatment of ferroxidase II with 8 M urea, 6 M guanidine hydro... | [
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PMID:13824 | Determination of ionization state by resonance Raman spectroscopy Sulfonamide binding to carbonic anhydrase. | Resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy has been used to study the ionization state of the sulfonamide, 4'-sulfamylphenyl-2-azo-7-acetamido-1-hydroxynaphthalene-3,-6-disulfonate (Neoprontosil), bound to carbonic anhydrase. The correlation of effects of pH and deuteration on the spectra of model compounds with these effects o... | Determination of ionization state by resonance Raman spectroscopy Sulfonamide binding to carbonic anhydrase. Resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy has been used to study the ionization state of the sulfonamide, 4'-sulfamylphenyl-2-azo-7-acetamido-1-hydroxynaphthalene-3,-6-disulfonate (Neoprontosil), bound to carbonic anhyd... | [
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PMID:13825 | Circular dichroism studies of angiotensin II and analogues: effects of primary sequence, solvent, and pH on the side-chain conformation. | Conformational aspects of the pressor hormone angiotensin II and 11 of its structural analogues were studied by circular dichroism. Each position of the peptide was singly substituted with an aliphatic residue and alterations of the CD spectra of the resulting analogues in the peptide and aromatic spectral regions (320... | Circular dichroism studies of angiotensin II and analogues: effects of primary sequence, solvent, and pH on the side-chain conformation. Conformational aspects of the pressor hormone angiotensin II and 11 of its structural analogues were studied by circular dichroism. Each position of the peptide was singly substituted... | [
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PMID:13826 | Mechanism of the reaction of hydrated electrons with ferrocytochrome c. | 1. The hydrated electron reacts with ferrocytochrome c to form an unstable intermediate. This intermediate decays in a first-order manner to give, in the first instance, a product which has a similar absorption spectrum in the range 400-610 nm as normal ferricytochrome c. 2. At 21 degrees C the rate constant for the re... | Mechanism of the reaction of hydrated electrons with ferrocytochrome c. 1. The hydrated electron reacts with ferrocytochrome c to form an unstable intermediate. This intermediate decays in a first-order manner to give, in the first instance, a product which has a similar absorption spectrum in the range 400-610 nm as n... | [
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PMID:13827 | Cation transport in cytochrome oxidase reconstituted vesicles. | Cation translocation across the membrane of cytochrome oxidase reconstituted vesicles may be followed with a simple spectrophotometric method. Cytochrome oxidase reconstituted vesicles, supplemented with ascorbate and cytochrome c. induce large spectral changes of the positive dye safranine, reversed by uncouplers and ... | Cation transport in cytochrome oxidase reconstituted vesicles. Cation translocation across the membrane of cytochrome oxidase reconstituted vesicles may be followed with a simple spectrophotometric method. Cytochrome oxidase reconstituted vesicles, supplemented with ascorbate and cytochrome c. induce large spectral cha... | [
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PMID:13828 | Energy-linked protonation of quinacrine in beef heart submitochondrial membranes. | 1. The absorption spectrum of quinacrine in aqueous solution, in the visible region, changes with the pH of the medium in the pH range from 6.0 to 9.0 with an isosbestic point at 353 nm. This indicates that the monoprotonated (quinacrine - H+) and the diprotonated (quinacrine - 2H+) forms of quinacrine at equilibrium i... | Energy-linked protonation of quinacrine in beef heart submitochondrial membranes. 1. The absorption spectrum of quinacrine in aqueous solution, in the visible region, changes with the pH of the medium in the pH range from 6.0 to 9.0 with an isosbestic point at 353 nm. This indicates that the monoprotonated (quinacrine ... | [
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PMID:13829 | Binding of [3H]ctyochalasin B and [3H]colchicine to isolated liver plasma membranes. | The binding to isolated hepatocyte plasma membranes of radioactively labelled inhibitors of microfilamentous and microtubular protein function ([3H]cytochalasin B and [3H]colchicine, respectively) was studied as one means of assessing the degree of association of these proteins with cell surface membranes. [3H]Cytochal... | Binding of [3H]ctyochalasin B and [3H]colchicine to isolated liver plasma membranes. The binding to isolated hepatocyte plasma membranes of radioactively labelled inhibitors of microfilamentous and microtubular protein function ([3H]cytochalasin B and [3H]colchicine, respectively) was studied as one means of assessing ... | [
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PMID:13830 | Membrane-bound ATPase of intact vacuoles and tonoplasts isolated from mature plant tissue. | Intact vacuoles were isolated from petals of Hippeastrum and Tulipa (Wagner G.J. and Siegelman, H.W. (1975) Science 190, 1298--1299). The ATPase activity of fresh vacuole suspensions was found to be 2--3 times that of protoplasts from the same tissue. 70--80% of the ATPase activity of intact vacuoles was recovered in t... | Membrane-bound ATPase of intact vacuoles and tonoplasts isolated from mature plant tissue. Intact vacuoles were isolated from petals of Hippeastrum and Tulipa (Wagner G.J. and Siegelman, H.W. (1975) Science 190, 1298--1299). The ATPase activity of fresh vacuole suspensions was found to be 2--3 times that of protoplasts... | [
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PMID:13831 | Ureidosuccinic acid permeation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Some strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibit a specific transport system for ureidosuccinic acid, which is regulated by nitrogen metabolism. Ureidosuccinic acid uptake occurs with proline but with ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source it is inhibited. The V for transport is 20-25 mumol/ml cell water per min. The appa... | Ureidosuccinic acid permeation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Some strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibit a specific transport system for ureidosuccinic acid, which is regulated by nitrogen metabolism. Ureidosuccinic acid uptake occurs with proline but with ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source it is inhibited. The V ... | [
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PMID:13832 | The reactivities of tyrosine and tryptophan residues in lipid-bound cytochrome b5. | Purified cytochrome b5 from rabbit liver microsomes was bound to liposomes prepared from microsomal lipids. Tyrosyl and tryptophyl side chains of the protein were modified by water-soluble reagents and the reactivities of these amino acid residues in the liposome-bound cytochrome b5 were compared to those of the free p... | The reactivities of tyrosine and tryptophan residues in lipid-bound cytochrome b5. Purified cytochrome b5 from rabbit liver microsomes was bound to liposomes prepared from microsomal lipids. Tyrosyl and tryptophyl side chains of the protein were modified by water-soluble reagents and the reactivities of these amino aci... | [
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PMID:13833 | Calcium ion-flux across phosphatidylcholine membranes mediated by ionophore A23187. | The antibiotic A23187 carries Ca2+ across Müller-Rudin membranes made from 1,2-dierucoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and n-decane. The conductance of the membranes is not increased by the Ca2+-transport. The flux depends linearly on Ca2+ concentration and ionophore concentration (above pH 6). It increases with increasi... | Calcium ion-flux across phosphatidylcholine membranes mediated by ionophore A23187. The antibiotic A23187 carries Ca2+ across Müller-Rudin membranes made from 1,2-dierucoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and n-decane. The conductance of the membranes is not increased by the Ca2+-transport. The flux depends linearly on Ca2... | [
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PMID:13834 | Permeability characteristics of erythrocyte ghosts prepared under isoionic conditions by a glycol-induced osmotic lysis. | A detailed study has been made of the permeability characteristics of human erythrocyte ghosts prepared under isoionic conditions by a glycol-induced lysis (Billah, M.M., Finean, J.B., Coleman, R. and Michell, R.H. (1976) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 433, 45-54). Impermeability to large molecules such as dextran (average mol... | Permeability characteristics of erythrocyte ghosts prepared under isoionic conditions by a glycol-induced osmotic lysis. A detailed study has been made of the permeability characteristics of human erythrocyte ghosts prepared under isoionic conditions by a glycol-induced lysis (Billah, M.M., Finean, J.B., Coleman, R. an... | [
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PMID:13835 | Studies on membrane fusion. III. The role of calcium-induced phase changes. | The interaction of phosphatidylserine vesicles with Ca2+ and Mg2+ has been examined by several techniques to study the mechanism of membrane fusion. Data are presented on the effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on vesicle permeability, thermotropic phase transitions and morphology determined by differential scanning calorimetry, ... | Studies on membrane fusion. III. The role of calcium-induced phase changes. The interaction of phosphatidylserine vesicles with Ca2+ and Mg2+ has been examined by several techniques to study the mechanism of membrane fusion. Data are presented on the effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on vesicle permeability, thermotropic phase ... | [
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PMID:13836 | Bis-(4-methylumbelliferyl) phosphate as a substrate for the surface membrane-associated phosphodiesterase activity of pig platelets. | It was found that the newly-available compound, bis-(4-methylumbelliferyl) phosphate, could be used as a substrate for the pig platelet surface membrane-associated phosphodiesterase activity, usually assayed with bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate. This enzyme activity is distinct from the phosphodiesterase activity towards... | Bis-(4-methylumbelliferyl) phosphate as a substrate for the surface membrane-associated phosphodiesterase activity of pig platelets. It was found that the newly-available compound, bis-(4-methylumbelliferyl) phosphate, could be used as a substrate for the pig platelet surface membrane-associated phosphodiesterase activ... | [
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PMID:13837 | A specific polyadenylase from Escherichia coli K12. | A polyadenylase, degrading specifically poly(A) sequences was isolated from Escherichia coli K12. The enzyme was purified about 850 times to practically electrophoretic homogeneity. It was free of poly(A) polymerase activity, as well as of the well known E. coli RNAases I and II. It is stimulated by bivalent cations li... | A specific polyadenylase from Escherichia coli K12. A polyadenylase, degrading specifically poly(A) sequences was isolated from Escherichia coli K12. The enzyme was purified about 850 times to practically electrophoretic homogeneity. It was free of poly(A) polymerase activity, as well as of the well known E. coli RNAas... | [
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PMID:13838 | Kinetic formulations for the oxidation and the reduction of glyoxylate by lactate dehydrogenase. | Chicken liver lactate dehydrogenase (L-lactate : NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.27) irreversibly catalyses the oxidation of glyoxylate (hydrated form) (I) to oxalate (pH = 9.6) and the reduction of (non-hydrated form) (II) to glycolate (pH = 7.4). (I) attaches to the enzyme in the pyruvate binding site and (II) attaches... | Kinetic formulations for the oxidation and the reduction of glyoxylate by lactate dehydrogenase. Chicken liver lactate dehydrogenase (L-lactate : NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.27) irreversibly catalyses the oxidation of glyoxylate (hydrated form) (I) to oxalate (pH = 9.6) and the reduction of (non-hydrated form) (II) t... | [
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PMID:13839 | Purification and properties of aldehyde dehydrogenase from Proteus vulgaris. | NADP-linked aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldehyde : NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.4) was purified from Proteus vulgaris to the stage of homogeneity as judged by ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 130000 by gel filtration. The enzyme wh... | Purification and properties of aldehyde dehydrogenase from Proteus vulgaris. NADP-linked aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldehyde : NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.4) was purified from Proteus vulgaris to the stage of homogeneity as judged by ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of th... | [
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PMID:13840 | Glucokinase of pea seeds. | 1. Glucokinase (ATP : D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.2) was extracted from pea seeds and purified by fractionation with (NH4)2SO4 and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex. 2. The relative rates of phosphorylation of glucose, mannose and fructose (final concentration 5 mM) were 100, 64 and 11. 3. The ... | Glucokinase of pea seeds. 1. Glucokinase (ATP : D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.2) was extracted from pea seeds and purified by fractionation with (NH4)2SO4 and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex. 2. The relative rates of phosphorylation of glucose, mannose and fructose (final concentration 5 mM) we... | [
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PMID:13841 | Purification and properties of polyphosphoinositide phosphomonoesterase from rat brain. | 1. On subcellular fractionation of rat brain homogenate, polyphosphoinositide phosphomonoesterase activity was greater in the cytosol than the membranous fractions. 2. The enzyme was purified from the cytosol by column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, calcium phosphate gel and Sephadex G-100. 3. The final preparation ... | Purification and properties of polyphosphoinositide phosphomonoesterase from rat brain. 1. On subcellular fractionation of rat brain homogenate, polyphosphoinositide phosphomonoesterase activity was greater in the cytosol than the membranous fractions. 2. The enzyme was purified from the cytosol by column chromatograph... | [
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PMID:13842 | Calf thymus alkaline phosphatase. I. Properties of the membrane-bound enzyme. | A membrane fraction from calf thymocytes was used to investigate molecular and catalytic properties of membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase (ortho-phosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.1). The principal findings were: 1. Solubilization of membranes with the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 increases alkaline ph... | Calf thymus alkaline phosphatase. I. Properties of the membrane-bound enzyme. A membrane fraction from calf thymocytes was used to investigate molecular and catalytic properties of membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase (ortho-phosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.1). The principal findings were: 1. Solubilizatio... | [
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PMID:13843 | Purification and properties of one component of acid phosphatase produced by Aspergillus niger. | One component, the i form, of acid phosphatase (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum), EC 3.1.3.2) produced by Aspergillus niger was purified from the mycelial extract. The purified enzyme was homogenous on Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, disc electrophoresis and heat inactivation. The purified enzym... | Purification and properties of one component of acid phosphatase produced by Aspergillus niger. One component, the i form, of acid phosphatase (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum), EC 3.1.3.2) produced by Aspergillus niger was purified from the mycelial extract. The purified enzyme was homogenous ... | [
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PMID:13844 | Cell-specific differences in membrane beta-glucosidase from normal and Gaucher cells. | Two isozymes of membrane-bound beta-glucosidase (beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.21) with activity towards 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside have been identified in human cells. One of these isozymes was found to have a pH optimum of 5.0, a Km of 0.4 mM and to be rapidly inactivated at pH 4.0 ("acid... | Cell-specific differences in membrane beta-glucosidase from normal and Gaucher cells. Two isozymes of membrane-bound beta-glucosidase (beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.21) with activity towards 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside have been identified in human cells. One of these isozymes was found to h... | [
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PMID:13845 | Benzamidine as an inhibitor of proacrosin activation in bull sperm. | Epididymal and ejaculated sperm contain a zymogen form of acrosin (acrosomal proteinase, EC 3.4.21.10) which is converted to active enzyme prior to fertilization. Benzamidine at concentrations greater than 10 mM has been shown to inhibit the conversion of proacrosin to acrosin. Based on this inhibition, a procedure was... | Benzamidine as an inhibitor of proacrosin activation in bull sperm. Epididymal and ejaculated sperm contain a zymogen form of acrosin (acrosomal proteinase, EC 3.4.21.10) which is converted to active enzyme prior to fertilization. Benzamidine at concentrations greater than 10 mM has been shown to inhibit the conversion... | [
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PMID:13846 | Studies on aspartase. IV. Reversible denaturation of Escherichia coli aspartase. | Aspartase (L-aspartate ammonia lyase, EC 4.3.1.1) of Escherichia coli, denatured in 4 M guanidine-HCl, was renatured in vitro by simple dilution with a concomitant restoration of the activity. While the native enzyme exhibited a marked negative Cotton effect centered at 233 +/- 1 nm in optical rotatory dispersion, the ... | Studies on aspartase. IV. Reversible denaturation of Escherichia coli aspartase. Aspartase (L-aspartate ammonia lyase, EC 4.3.1.1) of Escherichia coli, denatured in 4 M guanidine-HCl, was renatured in vitro by simple dilution with a concomitant restoration of the activity. While the native enzyme exhibited a marked neg... | [
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PMID:13847 | Inhibition of sterol synthesis by citrinin in a cell-free system from rat liver and yeast. | Citrinin, a fungal metabolite known as an antibiotic, strongly inhibited the labeled acetate incorporation into nonsaponifiable lipids by a cell-free system from rat liver but not the labeled mevalonate incorporation. Of the enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis, two enzymes, acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9) a... | Inhibition of sterol synthesis by citrinin in a cell-free system from rat liver and yeast. Citrinin, a fungal metabolite known as an antibiotic, strongly inhibited the labeled acetate incorporation into nonsaponifiable lipids by a cell-free system from rat liver but not the labeled mevalonate incorporation. Of the enzy... | [
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PMID:13848 | Effects of divalent cations and sodium taurocholate on pancreatic lipase activity with gum arabic-emulsified tributyrylglycerol substrates. | The effects of Ca2+ and/or sodium taurocholate on lipase activity with gum arabic-emulsified tributyrylglycerol substrates were investigated. Calcium was found to slightly increase lipase activity while bile salts showed marked inhibition except at very low concentrations. Calcium eliminated inhibition seen with low co... | Effects of divalent cations and sodium taurocholate on pancreatic lipase activity with gum arabic-emulsified tributyrylglycerol substrates. The effects of Ca2+ and/or sodium taurocholate on lipase activity with gum arabic-emulsified tributyrylglycerol substrates were investigated. Calcium was found to slightly increase... | [
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PMID:13849 | Soluble rat adipocyte phosphatidate phosphatase activity: characterization and effects of fasting and various lipids. | Phosphatidate phosphatase (phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.4) was present at very high specific activity in the soluble fraction of isolated rat adipocytes. Using phosphatidate in aqueous dispersion 90% of its hydrolysis depended on the presence of Mg2+. Mg2+ appeared to almost saturate the enzyme at 20-40 mM ... | Soluble rat adipocyte phosphatidate phosphatase activity: characterization and effects of fasting and various lipids. Phosphatidate phosphatase (phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.4) was present at very high specific activity in the soluble fraction of isolated rat adipocytes. Using phosphatidate in aqueous dispe... | [
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PMID:13850 | Hemoglobin Djelfa beta98 (FG 5) Val leads to Ala: isolation and functional properties of the heme saturated form. | Hemoglobin Djelfa beta98 (FG 5) Val leads to Ala is a neutrally substituted unstable hemoglobin, exhibiting the same gross features as hemoglobin Köln beta98 (FG 5) Val leads to Met. In addition to the presence of a deheminized fraction, a heme saturated abnormal hemoglobin was visualized and isolated by high resolutio... | Hemoglobin Djelfa beta98 (FG 5) Val leads to Ala: isolation and functional properties of the heme saturated form. Hemoglobin Djelfa beta98 (FG 5) Val leads to Ala is a neutrally substituted unstable hemoglobin, exhibiting the same gross features as hemoglobin Köln beta98 (FG 5) Val leads to Met. In addition to the pres... | [
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PMID:13851 | Functional properties of partially oxidized trout hemoglobins. | This paper reports on a study of the effect of partial oxidation on oxygen and carbon monoxide binding by components I and IV of trout hemoglobin. The O2 binding equilibria of the various oxidation mixtures show a decrease in the heme-heme interactions as the number of oxidized sites is increased. However, the large Bo... | Functional properties of partially oxidized trout hemoglobins. This paper reports on a study of the effect of partial oxidation on oxygen and carbon monoxide binding by components I and IV of trout hemoglobin. The O2 binding equilibria of the various oxidation mixtures show a decrease in the heme-heme interactions as t... | [
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PMID:13852 | Equilibrium and kinetics of the unfolding of alpha-lactalbumin by guanidine hydrochloride (IV): dependence of the N equilibrium A transconformation on the temperature. | The reversible unfolding from the native (N) state to the acid (A) state of alpha-lactalbumin by guanidine-HCl (0.8-2.0 M) was studied at 10-35 degrees C by means of difference spectra and pH-jump measurements. At each temperature, all points plotted as the logarithmic equilibrium constant log KNA of the N equilibrium ... | Equilibrium and kinetics of the unfolding of alpha-lactalbumin by guanidine hydrochloride (IV): dependence of the N equilibrium A transconformation on the temperature. The reversible unfolding from the native (N) state to the acid (A) state of alpha-lactalbumin by guanidine-HCl (0.8-2.0 M) was studied at 10-35 degrees ... | [
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PMID:13853 | Studies on biotransformation of lysozyme. III. Comparative studies on biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous lysozyme in rats. | Exogenous hen lysozyme or endogenous rat lysozyme labeled with 131I was intravenously injected to rats with the same dosage, respectively, and the uptake and degradation of injected 131I-labeled rat lysozyme in liver and kidney were studied in comparison with those of 131I-labeled hen lysozyme. 1. Although the serum le... | Studies on biotransformation of lysozyme. III. Comparative studies on biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous lysozyme in rats. Exogenous hen lysozyme or endogenous rat lysozyme labeled with 131I was intravenously injected to rats with the same dosage, respectively, and the uptake and degradation of injected 131I... | [
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PMID:13854 | The binding of calcium to bovine fibrinogen. | The determination of the number of calcium binding sites of fibrinogen was carried out by means of equilibrium experiments. At pH 7.5 fibrinogen has 3 binding sites of high affinity and several binding sites of low affinity. In the presence of MgCl2 (10(-2)M) the sites of low affinity are eliminated, suggesting that th... | The binding of calcium to bovine fibrinogen. The determination of the number of calcium binding sites of fibrinogen was carried out by means of equilibrium experiments. At pH 7.5 fibrinogen has 3 binding sites of high affinity and several binding sites of low affinity. In the presence of MgCl2 (10(-2)M) the sites of lo... | [
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PMID:13855 | Organic phosphate binding to hemoglobin in intact human erythrocytes determined by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy was used to estimate the percent of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and ATP bound to hemoglobin in intact human erythrocytes at 37 degrees C. Binding was assessed by comparing the chemical shifts (delta) of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and of ATP observed in intact cells wi... | Organic phosphate binding to hemoglobin in intact human erythrocytes determined by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy was used to estimate the percent of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and ATP bound to hemoglobin in intact human erythrocytes at 37 degrees C... | [
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PMID:13856 | Hemoglobin Tarrant: alpha126(H9) Asp leads to Asn. A new hemoglobin variant in the alpha1beta1 contact region showing high oxygen affinity and reduced cooperativity. | Hemoglobin (Hb) Tarrant was detected by its electrophoretic mobility on cellulose acetate (pH 8.4) and citrate agar (pH 6.2). On cellulose acetate it moved as a band between hemoglobins F and S, and on citrate agar as a band at hemoglobin S. The test for solubility in 2 M phosphate buffer with Na2S2O4 was negative. The... | Hemoglobin Tarrant: alpha126(H9) Asp leads to Asn. A new hemoglobin variant in the alpha1beta1 contact region showing high oxygen affinity and reduced cooperativity. Hemoglobin (Hb) Tarrant was detected by its electrophoretic mobility on cellulose acetate (pH 8.4) and citrate agar (pH 6.2). On cellulose acetate it move... | [
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PMID:13857 | The gamma-carboxy glutamic acid content of human and bovine prothrombin following warfarin treatment. | A form of prothrombin induced by Warfarin therapy, has been isolated which is adsorbed onto insoluble barium salts, but has a reduced biological activity. This protein contains, on average, seven out of a possible ten gamma-carboxy glutamic acid residues. A second form of prothrombin is also described, which is not ads... | The gamma-carboxy glutamic acid content of human and bovine prothrombin following warfarin treatment. A form of prothrombin induced by Warfarin therapy, has been isolated which is adsorbed onto insoluble barium salts, but has a reduced biological activity. This protein contains, on average, seven out of a possible ten ... | [
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PMID:13858 | Iionization of tyrosyl groups of ovalbumin under native and denaturing conditions. | Phenolic titration of ovalbumin was performed in the pH range 7-12 at 30 degrees C and at three ionic strengths viz. 0.033, 0.133 and 0.200. The conformational integrity of ovalbumin was studied by viscosity measurements at different pH values in the pH range 7-12.4. At ionic strength 0.133 two phenolic groups titrated... | Iionization of tyrosyl groups of ovalbumin under native and denaturing conditions. Phenolic titration of ovalbumin was performed in the pH range 7-12 at 30 degrees C and at three ionic strengths viz. 0.033, 0.133 and 0.200. The conformational integrity of ovalbumin was studied by viscosity measurements at different pH ... | [
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PMID:13859 | Latency of microsomal hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. | Intact microsomes isolated from rat liver showed no hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, but the enzyme was activated by Triton X-100, deoxycholate, NH4OH, glycine/NaOH, lysophosphatidylcholine, phospholipases A and C, pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase, and also by sonic treatment. The enzyme activation ... | Latency of microsomal hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Intact microsomes isolated from rat liver showed no hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, but the enzyme was activated by Triton X-100, deoxycholate, NH4OH, glycine/NaOH, lysophosphatidylcholine, phospholipases A and C, pancreatic lipase and choleste... | [
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PMID:13860 | Binding protein for 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone in mouse submandibular gland. | The changes in the levels of the binding protein for 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone in cytoplasmic extract of the submandibular glands during development were compared in male and female mice using a DEAE-cellulose filter assay. The binding protein was first detectable 5 days after birth in both sexes, at a time coinciden... | Binding protein for 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone in mouse submandibular gland. The changes in the levels of the binding protein for 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone in cytoplasmic extract of the submandibular glands during development were compared in male and female mice using a DEAE-cellulose filter assay. The binding prot... | [
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0.0293... |
PMID:13861 | Solubilised intrinsic factor receptor from pig ileum and its characteristics. | The vitamin B-12-intrinsic factor receptor was shown to be present in pig ileum and localized on the brush borders of the enterocytes, and to be solubilisable with Triton X-100. At neutral pH and in the presence of Ca2+ it bound the vitamin B-12-intrinsic factor but not the vitamin B-12-cobalophilin complex. The solubi... | Solubilised intrinsic factor receptor from pig ileum and its characteristics. The vitamin B-12-intrinsic factor receptor was shown to be present in pig ileum and localized on the brush borders of the enterocytes, and to be solubilisable with Triton X-100. At neutral pH and in the presence of Ca2+ it bound the vitamin B... | [
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PMID:13862 | Factors affecting the amount and the activity of the glutamate dehydrogenases of Coprinus cinereus. | Kinetic analyses done with cell-free extracts of this basidiomycete fungus showed that the NADP-linked glutamate dehydrogenase exhibited positively co-operative interactions with the substrates 2-oxoglutarate and NADPH, negatively co-operative kinetics with NADP+ and was extremely sensitive to inhibition of deamination... | Factors affecting the amount and the activity of the glutamate dehydrogenases of Coprinus cinereus. Kinetic analyses done with cell-free extracts of this basidiomycete fungus showed that the NADP-linked glutamate dehydrogenase exhibited positively co-operative interactions with the substrates 2-oxoglutarate and NADPH, ... | [
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0.04384041950106621,
... |
PMID:13863 | The transsulfuration pathway in Tetrahymena pyriformis. | Four enzymes necessary for the metabolism of methionine by the trans-sulfuration pathway, methionine adenosyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.6), adenosylhomocysteinase (EC 3.3.1.1), cystathionine beta-synthase (EC 4.2.1.22) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (EC 4.4.1.1) were identified in Tetrahymean pyriformis. The ability of these... | The transsulfuration pathway in Tetrahymena pyriformis. Four enzymes necessary for the metabolism of methionine by the trans-sulfuration pathway, methionine adenosyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.6), adenosylhomocysteinase (EC 3.3.1.1), cystathionine beta-synthase (EC 4.2.1.22) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (EC 4.4.1.1) were id... | [
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PMID:13864 | Modulation of the Root effect in goldfish by ATP and GTP. | Both ATP and GTP are present in considerable amounts in red cells of the common goldfish Carassius auratus. They both influence the Root effect of the single major fish hemoglobin, but GTP is, depending on pH, 2-6 times more effective than ATP. The two triphosphates account for 3/4 of the effect of trichloroacetic acid... | Modulation of the Root effect in goldfish by ATP and GTP. Both ATP and GTP are present in considerable amounts in red cells of the common goldfish Carassius auratus. They both influence the Root effect of the single major fish hemoglobin, but GTP is, depending on pH, 2-6 times more effective than ATP. The two triphosph... | [
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PMID:13865 | Hydroxylation of dehydroepiandrosterone in the eye lens. | Hydroxylation of the steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone in the calf lens is inhibited by carbon monoxide and stimulated by NADPH. The enzyme concerned was found to be membrane-bound. Although the enzyme resembles the liver mono-oxygenase system in these characteristics, the presence of cytochrome P-450 in the lens ... | Hydroxylation of dehydroepiandrosterone in the eye lens. Hydroxylation of the steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone in the calf lens is inhibited by carbon monoxide and stimulated by NADPH. The enzyme concerned was found to be membrane-bound. Although the enzyme resembles the liver mono-oxygenase system in these chara... | [
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PMID:13866 | Elevated erythrocyte glutathione associated with elevated substrate in high- and low-glutathione sheep. | Erythrocyte glutathione concentration increases dramatically in sheep when they become anemic. To determine the mechanism of this change in glutathione control, we measured the enzymes and substrates necessary for glutathione control, we measured the enzymes and substrates necessary for glutathione synthesis after acut... | Elevated erythrocyte glutathione associated with elevated substrate in high- and low-glutathione sheep. Erythrocyte glutathione concentration increases dramatically in sheep when they become anemic. To determine the mechanism of this change in glutathione control, we measured the enzymes and substrates necessary for gl... | [
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PMID:13867 | Inactivation of mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex as a result of phospholipid degradation induced by freeze-thawing. | The inactivation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex by freeze-thawing was examined along with alterations of membrane phospholipids, in order to elucidate the mechanism of freezing injury in mitochondria. The dehydrogenase complex activity in slowly frozen and thawed mitochondria decreased to 70% as compared to in... | Inactivation of mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex as a result of phospholipid degradation induced by freeze-thawing. The inactivation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex by freeze-thawing was examined along with alterations of membrane phospholipids, in order to elucidate the mechanism of freezing ... | [
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PMID:13868 | Functional equivalence of iron bound to human transferrin at low pH or high pH. | Human transferrin was labeled with 59Fe at one of its two metal-binding sites (designated A) at pH 6.0. 55Fe was then added to site B at pH 7.5. Both isotopes of iron were taken up in equal proportions by human reticulocytes. These experiments do not support the hypothesis that each binding site of transferrin has a di... | Functional equivalence of iron bound to human transferrin at low pH or high pH. Human transferrin was labeled with 59Fe at one of its two metal-binding sites (designated A) at pH 6.0. 55Fe was then added to site B at pH 7.5. Both isotopes of iron were taken up in equal proportions by human reticulocytes. These experime... | [
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PMID:13869 | Studies on the mechanism of NADPH oxidation by the granule fraction isolated from human resting polymorphonuclear blood cells. | Various factor affecting NADPH-oxidation by resting human leucocyte granules (LG) at acid pH, have been investigated. It was found that: 1) oxidation of NADPH by LG was increasingly inhibited by increased cyanide concentrations in the medium and was abolished by 4 mM cyanide. 2) with or without cyanide in the incubatio... | Studies on the mechanism of NADPH oxidation by the granule fraction isolated from human resting polymorphonuclear blood cells. Various factor affecting NADPH-oxidation by resting human leucocyte granules (LG) at acid pH, have been investigated. It was found that: 1) oxidation of NADPH by LG was increasingly inhibited b... | [
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PMID:13870 | Genetics and asexual reproduction of the sea anemone Metridium senile. | 1. Metridium senile was studied for phosphohexose-isomerase variation at three locations on Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Woods Hole, Cape Cod Canal, and Barnstable Town Boat Harbor. 2. All three locations exhibited significant polymorphism for PHI. 3. Mapping of individual polyps was performed at Barnstable to analyze spat... | Genetics and asexual reproduction of the sea anemone Metridium senile. 1. Metridium senile was studied for phosphohexose-isomerase variation at three locations on Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Woods Hole, Cape Cod Canal, and Barnstable Town Boat Harbor. 2. All three locations exhibited significant polymorphism for PHI. 3. M... | [
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PMID:13871 | Activity and physiological significance of the pleopods in the respiration of Callianassa californiensis (Dana) (Crustacea: Thalassinidea). | 1. The pleopods of C. californiensis, a potential site for extrabranchial oxygen exchange, do not contribute significantly to oxygen consumption. 2. C. californiensis has a gill surface area of 4.13 +/- 0.72 cm2/g wet body weight, the lowest value yet reported for a totally aquatic crustacean. 3. C. californiensis, whe... | Activity and physiological significance of the pleopods in the respiration of Callianassa californiensis (Dana) (Crustacea: Thalassinidea). 1. The pleopods of C. californiensis, a potential site for extrabranchial oxygen exchange, do not contribute significantly to oxygen consumption. 2. C. californiensis has a gill su... | [
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PMID:13872 | Intracellular crystal-bearing vesicles in the epidermis of scleractinian corals, Astrangia danae (Agassiz) and Porites porites (Pallas). | Orthorhombic aragonitic crystals, embedded with a granular lipo-protein matrix and surrounded by a trilaminar membrane, are localized in the apical cytoplasm of epidermal cells of Scleractinian corals. Adult specimens of Astrangia danae (Agassiz) and settled planulae of Porites porites (Pallas) contain crystals averagi... | Intracellular crystal-bearing vesicles in the epidermis of scleractinian corals, Astrangia danae (Agassiz) and Porites porites (Pallas). Orthorhombic aragonitic crystals, embedded with a granular lipo-protein matrix and surrounded by a trilaminar membrane, are localized in the apical cytoplasm of epidermal cells of Scl... | [
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PMID:13873 | Psychopathy and arousal: a new interpretation of the psychophysiological literature. | The psychophysiological literature on psychopathy is reviewed in the context of low-arousal theory. Difficulties in the theory are discussed both in general terms and specifically in relation to psychopathy. Contrary to the low-arousal theory, the data indicate that psychopaths exhibit a wider degree of variability in ... | Psychopathy and arousal: a new interpretation of the psychophysiological literature. The psychophysiological literature on psychopathy is reviewed in the context of low-arousal theory. Difficulties in the theory are discussed both in general terms and specifically in relation to psychopathy. Contrary to the low-arousal... | [
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PMID:13874 | HNMR of succinate binding to aspartate transcarbamylase. A comparison of results in D2O and H2O. | The interaction of succinate with asparatete transcarbamylase from Escherichia coli has been studied by magnetic resonance relaxation measurements of the dicarboxylic acid methylene protons in H2O solutions. The pH and temperature dependence of the relaxation in the presence of either native asparte transcarbamylase o... | HNMR of succinate binding to aspartate transcarbamylase. A comparison of results in D2O and H2O. The interaction of succinate with asparatete transcarbamylase from Escherichia coli has been studied by magnetic resonance relaxation measurements of the dicarboxylic acid methylene protons in H2O solutions. The pH and tem... | [
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PMID:13875 | The subunit structure of the hemocyanin from the crayfish Jasus edwardsii. | The hemocyanin from the crayfish Jasus edwardsii(=lalandii) has been studied using ultracentrifugation, viscosity, circular dichroism and oxygen binding techniques. Sedimentation velocity experiments at pH 7.0 indicated the presence of principal species with S 20w=16.4 S, and at higher pH the presence of a species with... | The subunit structure of the hemocyanin from the crayfish Jasus edwardsii. The hemocyanin from the crayfish Jasus edwardsii(=lalandii) has been studied using ultracentrifugation, viscosity, circular dichroism and oxygen binding techniques. Sedimentation velocity experiments at pH 7.0 indicated the presence of principal... | [
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PMID:13876 | The molecular dynamics of hyaluronates in solution. | The dynamic properties of hyaluronate solutions are discussed with relevance to some problems in sensory physiology (mechanoelectrical transduction), renal physiology, interstitial fluid regulation, and especially to the causes of open-angle glaucoma. With respect to the last problem: as recent biochemical evidence ind... | The molecular dynamics of hyaluronates in solution. The dynamic properties of hyaluronate solutions are discussed with relevance to some problems in sensory physiology (mechanoelectrical transduction), renal physiology, interstitial fluid regulation, and especially to the causes of open-angle glaucoma. With respect to ... | [
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PMID:13877 | [Acid-base balance of spinal cord fluid in the post-resuscitation period]. | Experiments were conducted on dogs which had sustained a 10-minute circulatory arrest caused by electrotrauma; the acid-base balance of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the blood was studied during the postreanimation period. Although the systemic uncompensated acidosis persisted in the course of the first hour of the... | [Acid-base balance of spinal cord fluid in the post-resuscitation period]. Experiments were conducted on dogs which had sustained a 10-minute circulatory arrest caused by electrotrauma; the acid-base balance of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the blood was studied during the postreanimation period. Although the syste... | [
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PMID:13878 | [Effect of hypoxia on the concentration of nicotinamide coenzymes in the tissues of newborn rats]. | The content of nicotinamide coenzymes (NAD, NAD-H, NADP, NADP-H) was studied in the brain, heart and liver tissue of the newborn rats kept in hypoxic gaseous medium with a 4% oxygen content for 2 1/2 hours. There was a marked reduction of NAD content, an accumulation of NAD-H and a more than two-fold fall of the NAD/NA... | [Effect of hypoxia on the concentration of nicotinamide coenzymes in the tissues of newborn rats]. The content of nicotinamide coenzymes (NAD, NAD-H, NADP, NADP-H) was studied in the brain, heart and liver tissue of the newborn rats kept in hypoxic gaseous medium with a 4% oxygen content for 2 1/2 hours. There was a ma... | [
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PMID:13879 | Effect of cyanide on NADPH oxidation by granules from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | Cyanide has been shown to stimulate both oxygen uptake and hexose monophosphate shunt activity in phagocytizing human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It also stimulates the oxidation of NADPH by a particulate fraction derived from phagocytizing cells. This stimulation of NADPH oxidase is not observed in the presence of e... | Effect of cyanide on NADPH oxidation by granules from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Cyanide has been shown to stimulate both oxygen uptake and hexose monophosphate shunt activity in phagocytizing human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It also stimulates the oxidation of NADPH by a particulate fraction derived from p... | [
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PMID:13884 | Oxygen affinity of haemoglobin and red cell acid-base status in patients with severe chronic obstructive lung disease. | The oxygen affinity of hemoglobin and the factors determining the position of the oxygen dissociation curve were investigated in twenty-five patients with severe chronic obstructive lung disease. Patients have been separated into three groups: group I showed a normal or mild decrease of PaO2, group II a moderate fall i... | Oxygen affinity of haemoglobin and red cell acid-base status in patients with severe chronic obstructive lung disease. The oxygen affinity of hemoglobin and the factors determining the position of the oxygen dissociation curve were investigated in twenty-five patients with severe chronic obstructive lung disease. Patie... | [
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PMID:13888 | Hypercapnia and resultant bicarbonate transfer processes in an elasmobranch fish (Scyliorhinus stellaris). | In order to test the effects of hypercapnia on the acid-base status of fish, larger spotted dogfish were exposed to sudden changes of PCO2 in a closed seawater recirculation system. pH, PCO2 and PO2 were determined in arterial blood and seawater. The exchange of bicarbonate between extracellular space (ECS), intracellu... | Hypercapnia and resultant bicarbonate transfer processes in an elasmobranch fish (Scyliorhinus stellaris). In order to test the effects of hypercapnia on the acid-base status of fish, larger spotted dogfish were exposed to sudden changes of PCO2 in a closed seawater recirculation system. pH, PCO2 and PO2 were determine... | [
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PMID:13889 | [Kinetics of the compensation of respiratory acidosis induced by experimental chronic hypercapnia in man (author's transl)]. | Four groups of male volunteers have been exposed in a tight climatical chamber to PICO2 of 14, 21, 28 and 32 torr; exposure periods varied from two to 30 days, between two reference periods in normal air. The results deal with the evolution of arterial blood acid-base equilibrium and that of renal response in relation ... | [Kinetics of the compensation of respiratory acidosis induced by experimental chronic hypercapnia in man (author's transl)]. Four groups of male volunteers have been exposed in a tight climatical chamber to PICO2 of 14, 21, 28 and 32 torr; exposure periods varied from two to 30 days, between two reference periods in no... | [
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PMID:13892 | [Respiratory function in patients with sickle cell disease (author's transl)]. | Respiratory function was systematically studied in 61 patients with sickle cell disease, in and out of crisis. Pulmonary volumes and flows, blood gases and P50 were measured. It was found that : 1. vital capacity was decreased in about half of the patients (obstructive symptoms in five cases), 2. hypoxaemia existed und... | [Respiratory function in patients with sickle cell disease (author's transl)]. Respiratory function was systematically studied in 61 patients with sickle cell disease, in and out of crisis. Pulmonary volumes and flows, blood gases and P50 were measured. It was found that : 1. vital capacity was decreased in about half ... | [
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PMID:13893 | Influence of oxygen and carbon dioxide on the plasma-erythrocyte pH relationship in normal human whole blood. | The influence of oxygenation level (oxyhaemoglobin saturation 0 or 100%) on the relationship between plasma pH and erythrocyte pH was studied, in vitro, in normal human blood submitted to changes in carbon dioxide tension. Firstly, the pH of both true and separated erythrolysates were compared: for the former, tonometr... | Influence of oxygen and carbon dioxide on the plasma-erythrocyte pH relationship in normal human whole blood. The influence of oxygenation level (oxyhaemoglobin saturation 0 or 100%) on the relationship between plasma pH and erythrocyte pH was studied, in vitro, in normal human blood submitted to changes in carbon diox... | [
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PMID:13895 | Carbuterol, fenoterol, orciprenaline, salbutamol and terbutaline per os in reversible obstructive chronic bronchitis. | The effects of tablets of carbuterol, orciprenaline, salbutemol, terbutaline and fenoterol at two dosages were studied using FEV1 and specific airway conductance as parameters. A placebo was used as a reference. Carbuterol and fenoterol proved to be more potent than the other sympathomimetic competitors. Fenoterol 5 mg... | Carbuterol, fenoterol, orciprenaline, salbutamol and terbutaline per os in reversible obstructive chronic bronchitis. The effects of tablets of carbuterol, orciprenaline, salbutemol, terbutaline and fenoterol at two dosages were studied using FEV1 and specific airway conductance as parameters. A placebo was used as a r... | [
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PMID:13899 | Differentiation of metabolic adrenoceptors. | 1 Cardiovascular and metabolic responses to intravenous infusion of isoprenaline were measured in fasted, anaesthetized cats. 2 Isoprenaline (0.2 mug kg-1 min-1 for 15 min) decreased diastolic blood pressure and increased heart rate, blood glucose, blood lactate and plasma free fatty acids. 3 Oxprenolol (0.5 mg/kg) ant... | Differentiation of metabolic adrenoceptors. 1 Cardiovascular and metabolic responses to intravenous infusion of isoprenaline were measured in fasted, anaesthetized cats. 2 Isoprenaline (0.2 mug kg-1 min-1 for 15 min) decreased diastolic blood pressure and increased heart rate, blood glucose, blood lactate and plasma fr... | [
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PMID:13900 | Interactions between the effects of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor agonists and adenine nucleotides on the membrane potential of cells in guinea-pig liver slices. | 1 The beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline normally causes only a small and inconsistent increase in the membrane potential of cells in guinea-pig liver slices, in contrast to the large hyperpolarizations seen with alpha-agonists. However, after a selective alpha-adrenoceptor agonist has been applied, the response to... | Interactions between the effects of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor agonists and adenine nucleotides on the membrane potential of cells in guinea-pig liver slices. 1 The beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline normally causes only a small and inconsistent increase in the membrane potential of cells in guinea-pig liver slic... | [
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PMID:13901 | The beta-adrenoceptor of the human lymphocyte and human lung parenchyma. | 1 The response of the beta-adrenoceptors of human lymphocytes to selective agonists and antagonists has been studied quantitatively by measuring changes in cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) levels. 2 The receptor was activated by isoprenaline and by salbutamol, and blocked by propranolol but not by prac... | The beta-adrenoceptor of the human lymphocyte and human lung parenchyma. 1 The response of the beta-adrenoceptors of human lymphocytes to selective agonists and antagonists has been studied quantitatively by measuring changes in cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) levels. 2 The receptor was activated by i... | [
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PMID:13902 | The selective action of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs and the nature of beta1 and beta2 adrenoceptors. | 1 Purified membranes retaining a catecholamine responsive adenylate cyclase have prepared from rabbit heart, lung and (pseudo-pregnant) uterus. 2 These preparations have the characteristics of plasma membranes and both heart and lung respond to beta-adrenoceptor agonists in the order: (+/-)-isoprenaline greater than (-... | The selective action of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs and the nature of beta1 and beta2 adrenoceptors. 1 Purified membranes retaining a catecholamine responsive adenylate cyclase have prepared from rabbit heart, lung and (pseudo-pregnant) uterus. 2 These preparations have the characteristics of plasma membranes and ... | [
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PMID:13903 | Mechanism of neurotoxicity of cardiotonic glycosides. | 1 In cats intracerebroventricular administration of 5, 10, 20 mug of peruvoside, a cardiac glycoside obtained from the plant, Thevetia neriifolia, and 10 and 20 mug of ouabain, produced marked neurotoxicity. This was dose-related. 2 Prior administration reserpine (2 mg/kg i.m., 500 mug i.c.v.) or tetrabenazine (25 mg/k... | Mechanism of neurotoxicity of cardiotonic glycosides. 1 In cats intracerebroventricular administration of 5, 10, 20 mug of peruvoside, a cardiac glycoside obtained from the plant, Thevetia neriifolia, and 10 and 20 mug of ouabain, produced marked neurotoxicity. This was dose-related. 2 Prior administration reserpine (2... | [
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PMID:13904 | Crystalluria in normal subjects and in stone formers with and without thiazide and cellulose phosphate treatment. | Quantitative and qualitative studies have been made of the urinary crystals from a series of normal subjects and from stone formers with idiopathic hypercalciuria with and without treatment with thiazide diuretics and/or cellulose phosphate. The results obtained from mid-morning unprepared subjects seemed more helpful ... | Crystalluria in normal subjects and in stone formers with and without thiazide and cellulose phosphate treatment. Quantitative and qualitative studies have been made of the urinary crystals from a series of normal subjects and from stone formers with idiopathic hypercalciuria with and without treatment with thiazide di... | [
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PMID:13906 | Inhibition of gastric secretion in treatment of pancreatic insufficiency. | The content of pancreatic enzymes in the duodenum was studied in two patients with pancreatic achylia after a standard meal supplemented with commercial pancreatic extract. Gastric transit of the enzymes, with appearance of near-normal amounts in the duodenal contents, occurred only after inhibition of gastric secretio... | Inhibition of gastric secretion in treatment of pancreatic insufficiency. The content of pancreatic enzymes in the duodenum was studied in two patients with pancreatic achylia after a standard meal supplemented with commercial pancreatic extract. Gastric transit of the enzymes, with appearance of near-normal amounts in... | [
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PMID:13907 | Electrical stimulation with Pt electrodes: Trace analysis for dissolved platinum and other dissolved electrochemical products. | A conservative requirement for 'safe' electrical stimulation is the absence of chemical changes adjacent to the stimulating electrodes. In electrochemical terms, this means that charge transfer processes producing dissolved species must be avoided. With this restriction, the aim of this study has been to establish the ... | Electrical stimulation with Pt electrodes: Trace analysis for dissolved platinum and other dissolved electrochemical products. A conservative requirement for 'safe' electrical stimulation is the absence of chemical changes adjacent to the stimulating electrodes. In electrochemical terms, this means that charge transfer... | [
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PMID:13909 | The normal occurrence of octopamine in the central nervous system of the rat. | An enzymatic assay for octopamine capable of detecting 50 pg of amine was developed and used to study the distribution of octopamine in regions of the rat central nervous system. The presence of octopamine in the rat pineal organ was confirmed by mass spectrometry; Administration of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and of... | The normal occurrence of octopamine in the central nervous system of the rat. An enzymatic assay for octopamine capable of detecting 50 pg of amine was developed and used to study the distribution of octopamine in regions of the rat central nervous system. The presence of octopamine in the rat pineal organ was confirme... | [
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PMID:13910 | Substrate specificities of the two genetically distinct human brain beta-galactosidases. | The two human brain beta-galactosidases were solubilized and fractionated by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, free from each other. Substrate specificities of the two enzymes were examined for galactosylceramide, lactosyl-[N-stearoyl]ceramide, lactosyl-[N-lignoceroyl]ceramide, galactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-[N-stearoy... | Substrate specificities of the two genetically distinct human brain beta-galactosidases. The two human brain beta-galactosidases were solubilized and fractionated by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, free from each other. Substrate specificities of the two enzymes were examined for galactosylceramide, lactosyl-[N-stearoyl... | [
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PMID:13915 | Effects of alkylation by dimethyl sulfate, nitrogen mustard, and mitomycin C on DNA structure as studied by the ethidium binding assay. | The extent of alkylation of DNA by dimethyl sulfate, nitrogen mustard, and the antibiotic mitomycin C is related to the resulting decrease in the fluorescence of intercalated ethidium. The fluorescence losses due to the first two types of reagents show a marked pH dependence, with greater losses of fluorescence being o... | Effects of alkylation by dimethyl sulfate, nitrogen mustard, and mitomycin C on DNA structure as studied by the ethidium binding assay. The extent of alkylation of DNA by dimethyl sulfate, nitrogen mustard, and the antibiotic mitomycin C is related to the resulting decrease in the fluorescence of intercalated ethidium.... | [
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PMID:13916 | Characterization and substrate specificity of fumarylacetoacetate fumarylhydrolase. | The molecular weight of fumarylacetoacetate fumarylhydrolase (EC 3.7.1.2) is 86 000 +/- 10 000, as determined by gel filtration. The enzyme appears to be a dimer with a monomer molecular weight of 38 000 - 43 000, as determined by gel electrophoresis, gel filtration in guanidine-hydrochloride, and ultracentrifugation. ... | Characterization and substrate specificity of fumarylacetoacetate fumarylhydrolase. The molecular weight of fumarylacetoacetate fumarylhydrolase (EC 3.7.1.2) is 86 000 +/- 10 000, as determined by gel filtration. The enzyme appears to be a dimer with a monomer molecular weight of 38 000 - 43 000, as determined by gel e... | [
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PMID:13917 | Kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellobiose and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside by cellobiase of Trichoderma viride. | Cellobiase has been isolated from the crude cellulase mixture of enzymes of Trichoderma viride using column chromatographic and ion-exchange methods. The steady-state kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellobiose have been investigated as a function of cellobiose and glucose concentrations, pH of the solution, temperature, ... | Kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellobiose and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside by cellobiase of Trichoderma viride. Cellobiase has been isolated from the crude cellulase mixture of enzymes of Trichoderma viride using column chromatographic and ion-exchange methods. The steady-state kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellobiose... | [
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PMID:13918 | The effect of chronic iron deficiency on adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. | Chronic nutritional iron deficiency of 2 to 5 weeks duration reduced the blood hemoglobin content to 30-50% of control values and resulted in an increase in rat adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) (EC 1.14.16.2) activity. Kinetic and mixing experiments indicated that this increase was due to an increase in enzyme protein... | The effect of chronic iron deficiency on adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. Chronic nutritional iron deficiency of 2 to 5 weeks duration reduced the blood hemoglobin content to 30-50% of control values and resulted in an increase in rat adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) (EC 1.14.16.2) activity. Kinetic and mixing e... | [
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PMID:13919 | Isolation and characterization of a mitochondrial D-amino acid oxidase from Neurospora crassa. | D-Amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3) activity in homogenates of Neurospora crassa strain SY7A was found to sediment with the mitochondrial fraction. Digitonin fractionation studies on purified mitochondria have indicated a matrix localization of the enzyme. Additionally, a peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) activity, which may remo... | Isolation and characterization of a mitochondrial D-amino acid oxidase from Neurospora crassa. D-Amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3) activity in homogenates of Neurospora crassa strain SY7A was found to sediment with the mitochondrial fraction. Digitonin fractionation studies on purified mitochondria have indicated a matri... | [
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PMID:13920 | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide -- independent formate dehydrogenase in Mycobacterium phlei. | Formate dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.2.1.2) has been demonstrated in cell-free preparations of Mycobacterium phlei by following the reduction of 2,6 dichlorophenolindophenol. thiazolyl blue tetrazolium, or equine cytochrome c. The reduction of equine cytochrome c was inhibited by 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide. Ne... | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide -- independent formate dehydrogenase in Mycobacterium phlei. Formate dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.2.1.2) has been demonstrated in cell-free preparations of Mycobacterium phlei by following the reduction of 2,6 dichlorophenolindophenol. thiazolyl blue tetrazolium, or equine cytochrome c... | [
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PMID:13921 | Effects of clear-cutting on the composition of bacterial populations of northern spruce forest soil. | This paper concerns the microbiological part of an investigation, the goal of which is to describe the biological changes in coniferous forest soil upon clear-cutting in a northern (66 degrees 20'N) moraine area where reforestation after clear-cutting had been met with difficulty. The zoological part of the work has be... | Effects of clear-cutting on the composition of bacterial populations of northern spruce forest soil. This paper concerns the microbiological part of an investigation, the goal of which is to describe the biological changes in coniferous forest soil upon clear-cutting in a northern (66 degrees 20'N) moraine area where r... | [
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PMID:13922 | [Study of the NADH and NADPH-ferredoxin oxidoreductase activities in Clostridium acetobutylicum]. | The NADH and NADPH-ferredoxin oxidoreductase have been studied in Clostridium acetobutylicum. Acetyl-CoA is an obligatory activator of NADH-ferredoxin reductase activity and NADH a competitive inhibitor of ferredoxin-NAD+ reductase activity. These regulations are the same when C. acetoburylicum moves from 'butylic-type... | [Study of the NADH and NADPH-ferredoxin oxidoreductase activities in Clostridium acetobutylicum]. The NADH and NADPH-ferredoxin oxidoreductase have been studied in Clostridium acetobutylicum. Acetyl-CoA is an obligatory activator of NADH-ferredoxin reductase activity and NADH a competitive inhibitor of ferredoxin-NAD+ ... | [
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PMID:13926 | Buffering capacity of the smoke of different tobaccos in relation to lung cancer risks. | A method of assessing "buffering capacity" is described for comparison of the degree of acidity of alkalinity of the smoke of different tobaccos as presented to the oral and respiratory tracts of the smoker. Nicotine is more readily absorbed from an alkaline than from an acid smoke. The smoker of tobaccos giving a smok... | Buffering capacity of the smoke of different tobaccos in relation to lung cancer risks. A method of assessing "buffering capacity" is described for comparison of the degree of acidity of alkalinity of the smoke of different tobaccos as presented to the oral and respiratory tracts of the smoker. Nicotine is more readily... | [
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PMID:13927 | Cytochrome P-450 and the metabolism of vinyl chloride. | The oxidation of vinyl chloride to non-volatile products is dependent on NADPH and microsomal enzymes. The addition of vinyl chloride to microsomes causes a Type 1 spectra shift, similar to that seen for phenobarbital [11[ which indicates the direct involvement of a cytochrome P-450 species; this difference spectrum is... | Cytochrome P-450 and the metabolism of vinyl chloride. The oxidation of vinyl chloride to non-volatile products is dependent on NADPH and microsomal enzymes. The addition of vinyl chloride to microsomes causes a Type 1 spectra shift, similar to that seen for phenobarbital [11[ which indicates the direct involvement of ... | [
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PMID:13928 | beta-Hexosaminidase isozymes in human colonic carcinoma. | Isoelectric focusing of crude extracts demonstrated that human colonic carcinomas contained a higher proportion of beta-hexosaminidase B than beta-hexosaminidase A, while normal human colonic mucosa contained a higher proportion of the A form of the enzyme. Studies of the isolated isozymes showed that beta-hexosaminida... | beta-Hexosaminidase isozymes in human colonic carcinoma. Isoelectric focusing of crude extracts demonstrated that human colonic carcinomas contained a higher proportion of beta-hexosaminidase B than beta-hexosaminidase A, while normal human colonic mucosa contained a higher proportion of the A form of the enzyme. Studi... | [
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PMID:13929 | Hepatic microsomal N-glucuronidation and nucleic acid binding of N-hydroxy arylamines in relation to urinary bladder carcinogenesis. | Uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid-fortified hepatic microsomes from dogs, rats, or humans rapidly metabolized [3H]-N-hydroxy-2-naphthylamine (N-HO-2-NA) to a water-soluble product that yielded 98% of the parent N-hydroxy amine upon treatment with beta-glucuronidase. The metabolite was identified as N-(beta-1-glucosid... | Hepatic microsomal N-glucuronidation and nucleic acid binding of N-hydroxy arylamines in relation to urinary bladder carcinogenesis. Uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid-fortified hepatic microsomes from dogs, rats, or humans rapidly metabolized [3H]-N-hydroxy-2-naphthylamine (N-HO-2-NA) to a water-soluble product that ... | [
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PMID:13931 | Angina in hypertensive patients. With particular reference to the negative chronotropic effects of sympatholytic therapy. | There was no significant difference in the blood pressure and heart rate response of hypertensive patients with and without angina to standardised exercise on a treadmill before and after anti-hypertensive treatment. There was no improvement in exercise tolerance in the hypertensive patients with angina treated with be... | Angina in hypertensive patients. With particular reference to the negative chronotropic effects of sympatholytic therapy. There was no significant difference in the blood pressure and heart rate response of hypertensive patients with and without angina to standardised exercise on a treadmill before and after anti-hype... | [
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PMID:13933 | Formaldehyde-induced fluorescence in the telencephalon and diencephalon of the eel (Anguilla anguilla l.). A fluorescence-microscopic and microspectrofluorometric investigation with special reference to the innervation of the pituitary. | In the telencephalon and diencephalon of the eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) formaldehyde-induced fluorescence was studied microscopically and microfluorometrically with special emphasis on the innervation of the pituitary. In the telencephalon fluorescent fibers contained predominantly noradrenaline fluorophores. Fluoresce... | Formaldehyde-induced fluorescence in the telencephalon and diencephalon of the eel (Anguilla anguilla l.). A fluorescence-microscopic and microspectrofluorometric investigation with special reference to the innervation of the pituitary. In the telencephalon and diencephalon of the eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) formaldehyd... | [
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PMID:13934 | A chromatin-bound proteolytic activity with unique specificity for histone H2A. | A protease associated with purified calf thymus chromatin has been found to act exclusively upon histone H2A, yielding a single new protein species, cH2A. This fragment migrates faster than H2A in acrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. The cH2A was purified and subjected to amino acid analysis and ... | A chromatin-bound proteolytic activity with unique specificity for histone H2A. A protease associated with purified calf thymus chromatin has been found to act exclusively upon histone H2A, yielding a single new protein species, cH2A. This fragment migrates faster than H2A in acrylamide gel electrophoresis under denatu... | [
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PMID:13935 | Impairment of enzyme induction by glucocorticoids in Zajdela hepatoma cells. | Whereas glucocorticoids induce TAT, TRP, GPT in liver and only TAT in HTC cells, no hormonal effect on the synthesis of these enzymes was found in Zajdela hepatoma cells grown in vivo as an ascitic tumor, or in vitro as layer cultures. Although these cells remain uninducible, the hormone penetrates normally, but a stro... | Impairment of enzyme induction by glucocorticoids in Zajdela hepatoma cells. Whereas glucocorticoids induce TAT, TRP, GPT in liver and only TAT in HTC cells, no hormonal effect on the synthesis of these enzymes was found in Zajdela hepatoma cells grown in vivo as an ascitic tumor, or in vitro as layer cultures. Althoug... | [
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PMID:13937 | Michaelis--Menten kinetic analysis of the hepatic microsomal benzpyrene hydroxylase from control, phenobarbital- and methyl-3-cholanthrene-treated rats. | The sensitive fluorimetric assay for hydroxy-3-benzpyrene (3-OH-BP) described by Dehnen et al., was used to study the effect of microsomal membrane concentration of the benzpyrene hydroxylase activity. Microsomes from phenobarbital (PB) and methyl-3-cholanthrene (3-MC)-treated rats were used in comparison with the micr... | Michaelis--Menten kinetic analysis of the hepatic microsomal benzpyrene hydroxylase from control, phenobarbital- and methyl-3-cholanthrene-treated rats. The sensitive fluorimetric assay for hydroxy-3-benzpyrene (3-OH-BP) described by Dehnen et al., was used to study the effect of microsomal membrane concentration of th... | [
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PMID:13941 | Responses of the cerebral circulation to hypercapnia and hypoxia after 7th cranial nerve transection in baboons. | It has been proposed that the responses of the cerebral circulation to hypoxia, hypercapnia and hypotension may be partially mediated by an autonomic reflex with receptors in the carotid body or sinus serving as sensors and the efferent limbs being the 7th cranial nerves. Transection of the 7th cranial nerve has been r... | Responses of the cerebral circulation to hypercapnia and hypoxia after 7th cranial nerve transection in baboons. It has been proposed that the responses of the cerebral circulation to hypoxia, hypercapnia and hypotension may be partially mediated by an autonomic reflex with receptors in the carotid body or sinus servin... | [
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PMID:13942 | Effects of alveolar hypoxia on lung fluid and protein transport in unanesthetized sheep. | To determine whether hypoxia directly affects pulmonary microvascular filtration of fluid or permeability to plasma proteins, we measured steady state lung lymph flow and protein transport in eight unanesthetized sheep breathing 10% O2 in N2 for 4 hours. We also studied three sheep breathing the same gas mixture for 48... | Effects of alveolar hypoxia on lung fluid and protein transport in unanesthetized sheep. To determine whether hypoxia directly affects pulmonary microvascular filtration of fluid or permeability to plasma proteins, we measured steady state lung lymph flow and protein transport in eight unanesthetized sheep breathing 10... | [
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PMID:13940 | [Preliminary results of an entomological survey of the potential arbovirus vectors in the French Territory of Afars and Issas]. | The preliminary results of an entomological survey of the potential arbovirus vectors in the French Territory of Afars and Issas are exposed. 25 culicid species were recorded, specially Anopheles gambiae, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. univittatus, C. pipiens fatigans, Aedes caspius, Ae. vittatus, Ae. arabiensis. Ae. aegy... | [Preliminary results of an entomological survey of the potential arbovirus vectors in the French Territory of Afars and Issas]. The preliminary results of an entomological survey of the potential arbovirus vectors in the French Territory of Afars and Issas are exposed. 25 culicid species were recorded, specially Anophe... | [
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PMID:13943 | Platelet aggregation in the cerebral microcirculation: effect of aspirin and other agents. | After a certain period of time filtered ultraviolet light produces platelet aggregation in microvessels on the cerebral surface of the mouse, but only when sodium fluorescein is first injected intravascularly to provide a light-absorbing, heat-generating target. The platelet aggregates fluoresce. They occur only in the... | Platelet aggregation in the cerebral microcirculation: effect of aspirin and other agents. After a certain period of time filtered ultraviolet light produces platelet aggregation in microvessels on the cerebral surface of the mouse, but only when sodium fluorescein is first injected intravascularly to provide a light-a... | [
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PMID:13944 | Use of equilibrated blood for internal blood-gas quality control. | We have used equilibrated human blood for blood-gas quality control since 1970. In blood equilibrated 24 h after shedding, gas tensions are stable for 4 to 6 h at 0 to 4 degrees C; each control specimen is analyzed several times during that period to resolve malfunctions, etc. Three-fourths of all errors in gas-tension... | Use of equilibrated blood for internal blood-gas quality control. We have used equilibrated human blood for blood-gas quality control since 1970. In blood equilibrated 24 h after shedding, gas tensions are stable for 4 to 6 h at 0 to 4 degrees C; each control specimen is analyzed several times during that period to res... | [
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PMID:13945 | Lipoxygenic micromethod for specific determination of lipase activity in serum and duodenal fluid. | We propose a rapid enzymatic micromethod for the specific determination of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) activity in serum and duodenal fluid. Free linoleic acid produced during 10-min incubation of 10 mul of sample with 1 ml of substrate (trillinolein emulsion) at 30 degrees C is converted by lipoxygenase (EC 1.99.2.1), in a co... | Lipoxygenic micromethod for specific determination of lipase activity in serum and duodenal fluid. We propose a rapid enzymatic micromethod for the specific determination of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) activity in serum and duodenal fluid. Free linoleic acid produced during 10-min incubation of 10 mul of sample with 1 ml of su... | [
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0.007748049218207598,
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-0... |
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