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PMID:14091 | The cytochemical demonstration of catalase and D-amino acid oxidase in the microbodies of teleost kidney cells. | The distribution of catalase and D-amino acid oxidase, marker enzymes for peroxisomes, was determined cytochemically in the kidney tubules of an euryhaline teleost, the three-spined stickleback. Catalase activity was localized with the diaminobenzidine technique. The presence of D-amino acid oxidase was determined usin... | The cytochemical demonstration of catalase and D-amino acid oxidase in the microbodies of teleost kidney cells. The distribution of catalase and D-amino acid oxidase, marker enzymes for peroxisomes, was determined cytochemically in the kidney tubules of an euryhaline teleost, the three-spined stickleback. Catalase acti... | [
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PMID:14093 | Sampling and storage of blood for pH and blood gas analysis. | Techniques used in sampling and storage of a blood sample for pH and gas measurements can have an important effect on the measured values. Observation of these techniques and principles will minimize in vitro alteration of the pH and blood gas values. To consider that a significant change has occurred in a pH or blood ... | Sampling and storage of blood for pH and blood gas analysis. Techniques used in sampling and storage of a blood sample for pH and gas measurements can have an important effect on the measured values. Observation of these techniques and principles will minimize in vitro alteration of the pH and blood gas values. To cons... | [
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PMID:14094 | Chemical modification of coriolin B. | Several derivatives of 5-ketocoriolin B (8, 11, 12) chemically modified at C-8 have been synthesized. These derivatives showed antitumor and antibacterial activity of the same degree as 5-ketocoriolin B (4) and diketocoriolin B (5) which were the most active members of the known coriolin group antibiotics. These deriva... | Chemical modification of coriolin B. Several derivatives of 5-ketocoriolin B (8, 11, 12) chemically modified at C-8 have been synthesized. These derivatives showed antitumor and antibacterial activity of the same degree as 5-ketocoriolin B (4) and diketocoriolin B (5) which were the most active members of the known cor... | [
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PMID:14096 | Causes of high blood O2 affinity of animals living at high altitude. | We have measured the partial pressure of O2 at 50% saturation (P50) and the concentration of various phosphate compounds in the erythrocytes of the bar-headed goose and the guanaco to establish the cause of the high blood O2 affinity in animals who normally reside at high altitude. The same data were obtained in the bl... | Causes of high blood O2 affinity of animals living at high altitude. We have measured the partial pressure of O2 at 50% saturation (P50) and the concentration of various phosphate compounds in the erythrocytes of the bar-headed goose and the guanaco to establish the cause of the high blood O2 affinity in animals who no... | [
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PMID:14097 | Oxygen delivery and uptake in dogs during anemic and hypoxic hypoxia. | Three groups of dogs were anesthetized, paralyzed, and ventilated at constant rates with the spleen clamped. Two groups were isovolemically hemodiluted with warm dextran and plasma to hematocrits just above and below that at which O2 uptake (VO2) could not be maintained at preanemic levels. One of these groups was give... | Oxygen delivery and uptake in dogs during anemic and hypoxic hypoxia. Three groups of dogs were anesthetized, paralyzed, and ventilated at constant rates with the spleen clamped. Two groups were isovolemically hemodiluted with warm dextran and plasma to hematocrits just above and below that at which O2 uptake (VO2) cou... | [
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PMID:14099 | Can alveolar pCO2 exceed pulmonary end-capillary CO2? Yes. | In 1891 Christian Bohr observed that alveolar PCO2 could exceed arterial PCO2 when high levels of CO2 were present in the inspired air. He proposed that CO2 could be secreted by the lung. His hypothesis was dismissed as being due to experimental error; however, recently the same phenomenon was rediscovered using modern... | Can alveolar pCO2 exceed pulmonary end-capillary CO2? Yes. In 1891 Christian Bohr observed that alveolar PCO2 could exceed arterial PCO2 when high levels of CO2 were present in the inspired air. He proposed that CO2 could be secreted by the lung. His hypothesis was dismissed as being due to experimental error; however,... | [
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PMID:14100 | Can alveolar pCO2 exceed pulmonary end-capillary CO2? No. | The exchanges and chemical reactions of CO2 within the blood are not complete during its transit time through the alveolar capillaries, so that theoretically alveolar PCO2 cannot exactly equal end-capillary blood PCO2. However, as a practical matter, the technical errors in determining alveolar and peripheral arterial ... | Can alveolar pCO2 exceed pulmonary end-capillary CO2? No. The exchanges and chemical reactions of CO2 within the blood are not complete during its transit time through the alveolar capillaries, so that theoretically alveolar PCO2 cannot exactly equal end-capillary blood PCO2. However, as a practical matter, the technic... | [
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PMID:14101 | Pulmonary vascular response to increase in intracranial pressure: role of sympathetic mechanisms. | The pulmonary vascular response to intracranial hypertension was studied in anesthetized controlled ventilated dogs in which intracranial pressure (ICP) was elevated to 20 Torr below the mean arterial pressure for a 20-min period, and regulated at this level. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) increased from control v... | Pulmonary vascular response to increase in intracranial pressure: role of sympathetic mechanisms. The pulmonary vascular response to intracranial hypertension was studied in anesthetized controlled ventilated dogs in which intracranial pressure (ICP) was elevated to 20 Torr below the mean arterial pressure for a 20-min... | [
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PMID:14102 | Cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic adjustments to exercise in dogs. | Cardiovascular and metabolic parameters were studied in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, and while awake resting or exercising for 30 min at either 6.4 km/h, 10% grade (32% VO2 max) or 8.0 km/h, 16% grade (50% VO2 max). The anesthetized dogs had lower cardiac outputs, stroke volumes, arterial-mixed venous o... | Cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic adjustments to exercise in dogs. Cardiovascular and metabolic parameters were studied in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, and while awake resting or exercising for 30 min at either 6.4 km/h, 10% grade (32% VO2 max) or 8.0 km/h, 16% grade (50% VO2 max). The anesthet... | [
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PMID:14103 | Effect of respiratory acidosis and activity on airway smooth muscle intracellular pH. | Previous work in our laboratory has shown that respiratory acidosis (RA) impaired mechanical function in canine tracheal smooth muscle (TSM). Since an intracellular acidosis could be brought on by the increased CO2 content of the bathing medium and alter the Km's of rate-limiting glycolytic enzymes in the pathway of en... | Effect of respiratory acidosis and activity on airway smooth muscle intracellular pH. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that respiratory acidosis (RA) impaired mechanical function in canine tracheal smooth muscle (TSM). Since an intracellular acidosis could be brought on by the increased CO2 content of the bath... | [
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PMID:14104 | Biochemical parameters of glutamine synthetase from Klebsiella aerogenes. | The glutamine synthetase (GS) from Klebsiella aerogenes is similar to that from Escherichia coli in several respects: (i) it is repressed by high levels of ammonia in the growth medium; (ii) its biosynthetic activity is greatly reduced by adenylylation; and (iii) adenylylation lowers the pH optimum and alters the respo... | Biochemical parameters of glutamine synthetase from Klebsiella aerogenes. The glutamine synthetase (GS) from Klebsiella aerogenes is similar to that from Escherichia coli in several respects: (i) it is repressed by high levels of ammonia in the growth medium; (ii) its biosynthetic activity is greatly reduced by adenyly... | [
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PMID:14105 | Isolation and properties of a thermostable restriction endonuclease (ENDO R-Bst1503). | A restriction endonuclease was isolated from Bacillus stearothermophilus1503-4R (Bst1503) and purified to homogeneity. The enzyme required Mg2+ ion as a cofactor. Bst1503 exhibited maximal activity between pH 7.5 and 8.0, between 60 and 65 degrees C, and with about 0.2 mM Mg2+. Bst1503 was not inactivated after exposur... | Isolation and properties of a thermostable restriction endonuclease (ENDO R-Bst1503). A restriction endonuclease was isolated from Bacillus stearothermophilus1503-4R (Bst1503) and purified to homogeneity. The enzyme required Mg2+ ion as a cofactor. Bst1503 exhibited maximal activity between pH 7.5 and 8.0, between 60 a... | [
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PMID:14106 | Repression of the tyrosine, lysine, and methionine biosynthetic pathways in a hisT mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. | A comparison was made of the repressibility of certain enzymes in the tyrosine, methionine, and lysine biosynthetic pathways in wild-type Salmonella typhimurium and a hisT mutant. The results show that (i) tyrosine represses the synthesis of the tyrosine-sensitive 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulsonic acid 7-phosphate syntheta... | Repression of the tyrosine, lysine, and methionine biosynthetic pathways in a hisT mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. A comparison was made of the repressibility of certain enzymes in the tyrosine, methionine, and lysine biosynthetic pathways in wild-type Salmonella typhimurium and a hisT mutant. The results show that (... | [
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PMID:14107 | Killer toxin for sake yeast: properties and effects of adenosine 5'-diphosphate and calcium ion on killing action. | The killer character of strain isolated from the main mash of sake brewing which produces a killer substance for sake yeast was transmitted to hybrids of the strain and a standard strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae through a cytoplasmic determinant. The character was eliminated at 41 degrees C by incubation followed by... | Killer toxin for sake yeast: properties and effects of adenosine 5'-diphosphate and calcium ion on killing action. The killer character of strain isolated from the main mash of sake brewing which produces a killer substance for sake yeast was transmitted to hybrids of the strain and a standard strain of Saccharomyces c... | [
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PMID:14108 | Membrane-bound thioesterase activity in mycoplasmas. | Thioesterase activity was found in all mycoplasmas tested. Activity was highest in Acholeplasma species, whereas most of the sterol-requiring Mycoplasma species showed little activity. The thioesterase activity of Acholoplasma laidlawii is confined to the cell membrane. The enzyme could not be released from the membran... | Membrane-bound thioesterase activity in mycoplasmas. Thioesterase activity was found in all mycoplasmas tested. Activity was highest in Acholeplasma species, whereas most of the sterol-requiring Mycoplasma species showed little activity. The thioesterase activity of Acholoplasma laidlawii is confined to the cell membra... | [
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PMID:14109 | Characterization of autolysins from Mycobacterium smegmatis. | This study demonstrates, for the first time, the autolytic enzymes associated with mycobacterial cell walls. Based on the release of radioactivity and ninhydrin-reactive material from isolated cell walls, it was shown that maximum activity occurs during the late log phase of growth and at a buffer pH of about 8.0. Chem... | Characterization of autolysins from Mycobacterium smegmatis. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the autolytic enzymes associated with mycobacterial cell walls. Based on the release of radioactivity and ninhydrin-reactive material from isolated cell walls, it was shown that maximum activity occurs during the l... | [
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PMID:14110 | Adenosine 5'-triphosphate synthesis driven by a protonmotive force in membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli. | Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis energized by an artificially imposed protonmotive force (delta p) in adenosine 5'-diphosphate-loaded membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli was investigated. The protonmotive force is composed of an artificially imposed pH gradient (delta pH) or membrane potential (deltapsi), or... | Adenosine 5'-triphosphate synthesis driven by a protonmotive force in membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis energized by an artificially imposed protonmotive force (delta p) in adenosine 5'-diphosphate-loaded membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli was investigated. The protonmo... | [
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PMID:14111 | Induction and general properties of beta-galactosidase and beta-galactoside permease in Pseudomonas BAL-31. | The hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) by BAL-31, a marine Pseudomonas that acts as a host for bacteriophage PM2, was studied with intact cells and with cell-free extracts. A transport system for ONPG in whole cells and a beta-galactosidase activity in extracts were evident for cells grown on l... | Induction and general properties of beta-galactosidase and beta-galactoside permease in Pseudomonas BAL-31. The hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) by BAL-31, a marine Pseudomonas that acts as a host for bacteriophage PM2, was studied with intact cells and with cell-free extracts. A transport sy... | [
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PMID:14112 | Glycoprotein enzymes secreted by Aspergillus niger: purification and properties of alpha-glaactosidase. | An alpha-galactosidase (alpha-D-galactoside galactohydrolase [EC 3.2.1.22]) was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of Aspergillus niger. The enzyme had an apparent molecular weight of 45,000 and was a glycoprotein. Radioactive enzyme was prepared by growing cells in [14C]fructose and this enzyme was used... | Glycoprotein enzymes secreted by Aspergillus niger: purification and properties of alpha-glaactosidase. An alpha-galactosidase (alpha-D-galactoside galactohydrolase [EC 3.2.1.22]) was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of Aspergillus niger. The enzyme had an apparent molecular weight of 45,000 and was a ... | [
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PMID:14113 | Levels of oxidized and reduced pyridine nucleotides in dormant spores and during growth, sporulation, and spore germination of Bacillus megaterium. | Dormant spores of Bacillus megaterium contained no detectable reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) despite significant levels of the oxidized forms of these nucleotides (NAD and NADP). During the first minutes of spore germination there was rapi... | Levels of oxidized and reduced pyridine nucleotides in dormant spores and during growth, sporulation, and spore germination of Bacillus megaterium. Dormant spores of Bacillus megaterium contained no detectable reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH... | [
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PMID:14114 | Regulation of glnA messinger ribonucleic acid synthesis in Klebsiella aerogenes. | We examined wild-type and mutant strains of Klebsiella aerogenes for the relative amounts of ribonucleic acid (RNA) hybridizing specifically to deoxyribonucleic acid from a transducing phage carrying glnAK, the structural gene for glutamine synthetase. Our data showed a positive correlation between the intracellular le... | Regulation of glnA messinger ribonucleic acid synthesis in Klebsiella aerogenes. We examined wild-type and mutant strains of Klebsiella aerogenes for the relative amounts of ribonucleic acid (RNA) hybridizing specifically to deoxyribonucleic acid from a transducing phage carrying glnAK, the structural gene for glutamin... | [
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PMID:14115 | Isolation of an Escherichia coli mutant deficient in thioredoxin reductase. | A mutant of Escherichia coli defective in thioredoxin reductase has been isolated and partially characterized. This mutant has no detectable thioredoxin reductase activity in vitro and yet it exhibits no in vivo defect in reduction of ribonucleotides. Evidence is presented that indicates that, in cells permeabilized vi... | Isolation of an Escherichia coli mutant deficient in thioredoxin reductase. A mutant of Escherichia coli defective in thioredoxin reductase has been isolated and partially characterized. This mutant has no detectable thioredoxin reductase activity in vitro and yet it exhibits no in vivo defect in reduction of ribonucle... | [
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PMID:14116 | Factors affecting genetic transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. | Piliated gonococci were competent in genetic transformation in all stages of growth in minimal and enriched media, but nonpiliated cells were almost totally incompetent. Uptake of deoxyribonucleic acid into a deoxyribonuclease-insensitive state was observed only in competent piliated cells. Competence was not affected ... | Factors affecting genetic transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Piliated gonococci were competent in genetic transformation in all stages of growth in minimal and enriched media, but nonpiliated cells were almost totally incompetent. Uptake of deoxyribonucleic acid into a deoxyribonuclease-insensitive state was obse... | [
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PMID:14117 | Glutamine synthetase of Klebsiella aerogenes: genetic and physiological properties of mutants in the adenylylation system. | Mutations resulting in defects in the adenylylation system of glutamine synthetase (GS) affect the expression of glnA, the structural gene for GS. Mutants with lesions in glnB are glutamine auxotrophs and contain repressed levels of highly adenylylated GS. Glutamine-independent revertants of the glnB3 mutant have acqui... | Glutamine synthetase of Klebsiella aerogenes: genetic and physiological properties of mutants in the adenylylation system. Mutations resulting in defects in the adenylylation system of glutamine synthetase (GS) affect the expression of glnA, the structural gene for GS. Mutants with lesions in glnB are glutamine auxotro... | [
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PMID:14118 | Characterization of beta-galactosidase from a special strain of Aspergillus oryzae. | beta-Galactosidase [EC 3.2.1.23] was isolated from a partially purified preparation obtained from cultured cells of a special strain of Aspergillus oryzae, RT 102 (FERM-P1680). The enzyme preparation gave a single protein band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and was free from alpha-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-... | Characterization of beta-galactosidase from a special strain of Aspergillus oryzae. beta-Galactosidase [EC 3.2.1.23] was isolated from a partially purified preparation obtained from cultured cells of a special strain of Aspergillus oryzae, RT 102 (FERM-P1680). The enzyme preparation gave a single protein band on polyac... | [
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PMID:14119 | The structure and function of ribonuclease T1. XX. Specific inactivation of ribonuclease T1 by reaction with tosylglycolate. | 1. Ribonuclease T1 [EC 3.1.4.8] was inactivated by reaction with tosylglycolate (carboxymethyl rho-toluenesulfonate). At pH 5.5 and 8.0, alkylation of the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamic acid-58 appeared to be the predominant reaction and the major cause of inactivation by tosylglycolate, as in the case of the iodoace... | The structure and function of ribonuclease T1. XX. Specific inactivation of ribonuclease T1 by reaction with tosylglycolate. 1. Ribonuclease T1 [EC 3.1.4.8] was inactivated by reaction with tosylglycolate (carboxymethyl rho-toluenesulfonate). At pH 5.5 and 8.0, alkylation of the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamic acid-58... | [
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PMID:14120 | The structure and function of ribonuclease T1. XXI. Modification of histidine residues in ribonuclease T1 with iodoacetamide. | 1. When ribonuclease T1 [EC 3.1.4.8] (0.125% solution) was treated with a 760-fold molar excess of iodoacetamide at pH 8.0 and 37 degrees, about 90% of the original activity was lost in 24 hr. The half-life of the activity was about 8 hr. The binding ability for 3'-GMP was lost simultaneously. Changes were detected onl... | The structure and function of ribonuclease T1. XXI. Modification of histidine residues in ribonuclease T1 with iodoacetamide. 1. When ribonuclease T1 [EC 3.1.4.8] (0.125% solution) was treated with a 760-fold molar excess of iodoacetamide at pH 8.0 and 37 degrees, about 90% of the original activity was lost in 24 hr. T... | [
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PMID:14121 | Dog renal kallikrein: purification and some properties. | The contents of kallikrein [EC 3.4.21.8] in the kidneys of various animals were estimated and the activity was found to be most potent in dogs. The dog renal kallikrein (DRK) was located mainly in the kidney cortex. Following the activation of a dog kidney cortex homogenate with acetone, kallikrein was purified about 2... | Dog renal kallikrein: purification and some properties. The contents of kallikrein [EC 3.4.21.8] in the kidneys of various animals were estimated and the activity was found to be most potent in dogs. The dog renal kallikrein (DRK) was located mainly in the kidney cortex. Following the activation of a dog kidney cortex ... | [
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PMID:14122 | The reactive site of eggplant trypsin inhibitor. | The reactive site peptide bond of the eggplant inhibitor against trypsin [EC 3.4.21.4] was identified by chemical modifications with 1,2-cyclohexanedione, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, acetic anhydride and glyoxal, and by sequential treatments with trypsin and carboxypeptidase B [EC 3.4.12.3]. The inhibitor was s... | The reactive site of eggplant trypsin inhibitor. The reactive site peptide bond of the eggplant inhibitor against trypsin [EC 3.4.21.4] was identified by chemical modifications with 1,2-cyclohexanedione, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, acetic anhydride and glyoxal, and by sequential treatments with trypsin and carb... | [
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PMID:14123 | A study of the native-denatured (N in equilibrium with D) transition in lysozyme. III. Effect of alteration of net charge by acetylation. | Measurement of the enzymic activity and fluorescence properties showed that the gross conformation of acetylated lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] is very similar to that of the native enzyme. On the other hand, protease digestion, t-butyl hypochloride modification and thermal denaturation experiments performed on native, acetyla... | A study of the native-denatured (N in equilibrium with D) transition in lysozyme. III. Effect of alteration of net charge by acetylation. Measurement of the enzymic activity and fluorescence properties showed that the gross conformation of acetylated lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] is very similar to that of the native enzyme. ... | [
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PMID:14124 | Exchange reactions catalyzed by methioninase from Pseudomonas putida. Isolation and characterization of the exchange products. | Gel-electrophoretically homogeneous methioninase [L-methionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating), EC 4.4.1.11] of Pseudomonas putida, which catalyzes alpha, beta- and alpha, gamma-eliminations from S-substituted amino acids, could also catalyze a variety of beta- and gamma-exchange reactions, according to the following ... | Exchange reactions catalyzed by methioninase from Pseudomonas putida. Isolation and characterization of the exchange products. Gel-electrophoretically homogeneous methioninase [L-methionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating), EC 4.4.1.11] of Pseudomonas putida, which catalyzes alpha, beta- and alpha, gamma-eliminations f... | [
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PMID:14125 | Determination of the intravesicular pH of fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum with 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione. | The intravesicular pH (pHi) of fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the skeletal muscle was determined from the distribution of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione (DMO), a weak organic acid, between the intra- and extravesicular spaces. The pHi's thus obtained were found to be slightly lower (0.02-0.17 pH unit) tha... | Determination of the intravesicular pH of fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum with 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione. The intravesicular pH (pHi) of fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the skeletal muscle was determined from the distribution of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione (DMO), a weak organic acid, between t... | [
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PMID:14126 | Interactions of outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 with peptidoglycan sacculus of Escherichia coli K-12. | The outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 were specifically bound to the peptidoglycan sacculus in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution. Other cellular proteins failed to interact with the peptidoglycan sacculus under the same conditions. When the outer membrane was preheated in SDS solution, the binding did not take pl... | Interactions of outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 with peptidoglycan sacculus of Escherichia coli K-12. The outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 were specifically bound to the peptidoglycan sacculus in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution. Other cellular proteins failed to interact with the peptidoglycan sacculus und... | [
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PMID:14127 | A novel neutral protease(s) from monkey liver. | A novel neutral protease(s), which is presumably membrane-bound, was found in monkey liver using heat-denatured casein as a substrate and was separated from other major catheptic proteases by successive procedures of gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA 22, solubilization by deoxycholate and gel filtration on Sepharose 6B. T... | A novel neutral protease(s) from monkey liver. A novel neutral protease(s), which is presumably membrane-bound, was found in monkey liver using heat-denatured casein as a substrate and was separated from other major catheptic proteases by successive procedures of gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA 22, solubilization by deo... | [
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PMID:14128 | Control of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase by endogenously synthesized sterols in vitro and in vivo. | Isolated rat hepatocytes converted mevalonolactone into sterol intermediates and fatty acids 6- to 8-fold faster than mevalonate salt at concentrations less than 6 X 10(-4) M. Incubation of hepatocytes for 3 h normally results in induction of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase. This increase in enzyme activity wa... | Control of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase by endogenously synthesized sterols in vitro and in vivo. Isolated rat hepatocytes converted mevalonolactone into sterol intermediates and fatty acids 6- to 8-fold faster than mevalonate salt at concentrations less than 6 X 10(-4) M. Incubation of hepatocytes f... | [
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PMID:14129 | Binding of tritiated bovine parathyroid hormone to plasma membranes from bovine kidney cortex. | A membrane fraction enriched in parathyroid hormone (PTH)-sensitive adenylate cyclase and sodium and potassium ion-activated (Na+, K+)-ATPase was prepared from bovine kidney. Tritiated PTH binding to this membrane fraction was dependent on both hormone and membrane protein concentration. Both total and specific binding... | Binding of tritiated bovine parathyroid hormone to plasma membranes from bovine kidney cortex. A membrane fraction enriched in parathyroid hormone (PTH)-sensitive adenylate cyclase and sodium and potassium ion-activated (Na+, K+)-ATPase was prepared from bovine kidney. Tritiated PTH binding to this membrane fraction wa... | [
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PMID:14130 | Studies of binding of parathyroid hormone to a detergent-dispersed preparation from bovine kidney cortex plasma membranes. | Bovine kidney plasma membranes containing parathyroid hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity were dispersed with 1% Triton X-100 and centrifuged at 150,000 X g for 2 h. Approximately 40% of the total membrane protein was extracted by this procedure. The extraction greatly reduces the fluoride-stimulated and the p... | Studies of binding of parathyroid hormone to a detergent-dispersed preparation from bovine kidney cortex plasma membranes. Bovine kidney plasma membranes containing parathyroid hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity were dispersed with 1% Triton X-100 and centrifuged at 150,000 X g for 2 h. Approximately 40% of t... | [
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PMID:14131 | Binding of nucleotides to purified coupling factor-latent ATPase from Mycobacterium phlei. | Binding studies of various nucleotides to the purified coupling factor-latent ATPase from Mycobacterium phlei have been carried out using gel filtration, equilibrium dialysis, and ultrafiltration methods. The purified latent ATPase binds 3 mol of ADP per mol of the enzyme with an apparent dissociation constant of 68 mu... | Binding of nucleotides to purified coupling factor-latent ATPase from Mycobacterium phlei. Binding studies of various nucleotides to the purified coupling factor-latent ATPase from Mycobacterium phlei have been carried out using gel filtration, equilibrium dialysis, and ultrafiltration methods. The purified latent ATPa... | [
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PMID:14132 | Protein kinase activity at the inner membrane of mammalian mitochondria. | This paper reports on the discovery of a protein kinase activity associated with the inner membrane of mammalian mitochondria. The enzyme does not respond to addition of cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP and has a preference for whole histone as phosphate acceptor. Some standard assay systems for the cyclic nucleotide-dependent... | Protein kinase activity at the inner membrane of mammalian mitochondria. This paper reports on the discovery of a protein kinase activity associated with the inner membrane of mammalian mitochondria. The enzyme does not respond to addition of cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP and has a preference for whole histone as phosphate ... | [
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PMID:14133 | Alteration of the kinetic parameters for aminoacylation of Escherichia coli formylmethionine transfer RNA by modification of an anticodon base. | Treatment of Escherichia coli formylmethionine tRNA with 2 M sodium bisulfite, pH 7.0, in 10 mM MgCl2 at 25 degrees results in formation of uridine/bisulfite adducts at U18 in the dihydrouridine loop, U37 in the anticodon, and U48 in the variable loop. Two products, corresponding to the two diastereoisomers of 5,6-dihy... | Alteration of the kinetic parameters for aminoacylation of Escherichia coli formylmethionine transfer RNA by modification of an anticodon base. Treatment of Escherichia coli formylmethionine tRNA with 2 M sodium bisulfite, pH 7.0, in 10 mM MgCl2 at 25 degrees results in formation of uridine/bisulfite adducts at U18 in ... | [
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PMID:14134 | beta-Glucoside hydrolase activity of normal and glucosylceramidotic cultured human skin fibroblasts. | Cultured human skin fibroblasts from normal and glucosylceramidotic subjects are found to contain one beta-glucoside hydrolase as compared with multiple enzymes in other tissues. The fibroblast enzyme has an approximate molecular weight of 150,000 under isotonic conditions, as determined by gel filtration. It occurs as... | beta-Glucoside hydrolase activity of normal and glucosylceramidotic cultured human skin fibroblasts. Cultured human skin fibroblasts from normal and glucosylceramidotic subjects are found to contain one beta-glucoside hydrolase as compared with multiple enzymes in other tissues. The fibroblast enzyme has an approximate... | [
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PMID:14135 | Transport and metabolism of vitamin B6 in lactic acid bacteria. | Streptococcus faecalis 8043 concentrates extracellular [3H]pyridoxal or [3H]pyridoxamine primarily as the corresponding 5'-phosphates. Accumulation of pyridoxamine requires an exogenous energy source and is inhibited by glycolysis inhibitors. A membrane potential is not required for transport of pyridoxamine, and an ar... | Transport and metabolism of vitamin B6 in lactic acid bacteria. Streptococcus faecalis 8043 concentrates extracellular [3H]pyridoxal or [3H]pyridoxamine primarily as the corresponding 5'-phosphates. Accumulation of pyridoxamine requires an exogenous energy source and is inhibited by glycolysis inhibitors. A membrane po... | [
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PMID:14136 | Phosphorylation of cardiac troponin by cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. | The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the phosphorylation of bovine cardiac troponin by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. The purified troponin-tropomyosin complex from beef heart contained 0.78 +/- 0.15 mol of phosphate per mol of protein. Analysis of the isolated protein components indicated that t... | Phosphorylation of cardiac troponin by cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the phosphorylation of bovine cardiac troponin by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. The purified troponin-tropomyosin complex from beef heart contained 0.78 +/- ... | [
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0.03... |
PMID:14137 | Solubility and diffusion coefficient of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. | Several previously unavailable parameters of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate have been determined. The molar extinction coefficient at pH 7.0 is 1.38 X 10(-4), the aqueous solubility at pH 7.0 is 0.0236 M and the diffusion coefficient is 4.44 X 10(-6) cm2/s. | Solubility and diffusion coefficient of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. Several previously unavailable parameters of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate have been determined. The molar extinction coefficient at pH 7.0 is 1.38 X 10(-4), the aqueous solubility at pH 7.0 is 0.0236 M and the diffusion coefficient is 4.44 X 10(-6)... | [
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PMID:14138 | Steady state kinetics and binding of eukaryotic cytochromes c with yeast cytochrome c peroxidase. | 1. The steady state kinetics for the oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by yeast cytochrome c peroxidase are biphasic under most conditions. The same biphasic kinetics were observed for yeast iso-1, yeast iso-2, horse, tuna, and cicada cytochromes c. On changing ionic strength, buffer anions, and pH, the apparent Km values... | Steady state kinetics and binding of eukaryotic cytochromes c with yeast cytochrome c peroxidase. 1. The steady state kinetics for the oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by yeast cytochrome c peroxidase are biphasic under most conditions. The same biphasic kinetics were observed for yeast iso-1, yeast iso-2, horse, tuna, a... | [
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PMID:14139 | Properties of passive binding of calcium to endoplasmic reticulum from adipocytes. | Calcium binding to isolated adipocyte microsomes enriched in endoplasmic reticulum has been characterized. Binding was concentration-dependent, saturable, and totally dissociable. Steady state was reached within 20 min at all calcium concentrations tested. Three apparent classes of binding sites were identified in kine... | Properties of passive binding of calcium to endoplasmic reticulum from adipocytes. Calcium binding to isolated adipocyte microsomes enriched in endoplasmic reticulum has been characterized. Binding was concentration-dependent, saturable, and totally dissociable. Steady state was reached within 20 min at all calcium con... | [
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PMID:14140 | Decreased lysyl oxidase activity in the aneurysm-prone, mottled mouse. | Inbred mice bearing certain alleles at the Mottled locus have defects in connective tissue which result in weakness of skin and of blood vessels. Previous studies have established that cross-links in collagen and elastin are decreased in these animals due to impaired formation of lysine-derived aldehydes. Lysyl oxidase... | Decreased lysyl oxidase activity in the aneurysm-prone, mottled mouse. Inbred mice bearing certain alleles at the Mottled locus have defects in connective tissue which result in weakness of skin and of blood vessels. Previous studies have established that cross-links in collagen and elastin are decreased in these anima... | [
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PMID:14141 | Different molecular forms of D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. | Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (Rbu-P2) carboxylase isolated from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides 2.4.1.Ga was separated into two different forms by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. Both forms, designated Peak I and Peak II have been purified to homogeneity by the criterion of polyacrylamide disc-gel electrophoresis. The ... | Different molecular forms of D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (Rbu-P2) carboxylase isolated from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides 2.4.1.Ga was separated into two different forms by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. Both forms, designated Peak I and Pea... | [
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PMID:14142 | Proton inactivation of Ca2+ transport by sarcoplasmic reticulum. | The effects of acid on fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum from rabbit white skeletal muscle have been studied. Brief exposure of sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes to pH values in the range 5.5 to 6.0 at 37 degrees caused rapid inactivation of calcium accumulation measured at 25 degrees in the presence of oxalate (calcium... | Proton inactivation of Ca2+ transport by sarcoplasmic reticulum. The effects of acid on fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum from rabbit white skeletal muscle have been studied. Brief exposure of sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes to pH values in the range 5.5 to 6.0 at 37 degrees caused rapid inactivation of calcium accumu... | [
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PMID:14143 | Podophyllotoxin as a probe for the colchicine binding site of tubulin. | The binding of [3H]podophyllotoxin to tubulin, measured by a DEAE-cellulose filter paper method, occurs with an affinity constant of 1.8 X 10(6) M-1 (37 degrees at pH 6.7). Like colchicine, approximately 0.8 mol of podophyllotixin are bound per mol of tubulin dimer, and the reaction is entropy-driven (43 cal deg-1 mol-... | Podophyllotoxin as a probe for the colchicine binding site of tubulin. The binding of [3H]podophyllotoxin to tubulin, measured by a DEAE-cellulose filter paper method, occurs with an affinity constant of 1.8 X 10(6) M-1 (37 degrees at pH 6.7). Like colchicine, approximately 0.8 mol of podophyllotixin are bound per mol ... | [
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PMID:14144 | Purification and properties of galactokinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Galactokinase (EC 2.7.1.6; ATP:D-galactose-1-phosphotransferase) was purified to homogeneity with a 50% yield from cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which were fully induced for the production of the galactose metabolizing enzymes. The purification was accomplished by:(a) ammonium sulfate fractionation, (b) streptomyci... | Purification and properties of galactokinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Galactokinase (EC 2.7.1.6; ATP:D-galactose-1-phosphotransferase) was purified to homogeneity with a 50% yield from cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which were fully induced for the production of the galactose metabolizing enzymes. The purifica... | [
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PMID:14145 | Characterization of liver cholic acid coenzyme A ligase activity. Evidence that separate microsomal enzymes are responsible for cholic acid and fatty acid activation. | Investigations on the cholic acid CoA ligase activity of rat liver microsomes were made possible by the development of a rapid, sensitive radiochemical assay based on the conversion of [3H]choloyl-CoA. More than 70% of the rat liver cholic acid CoA ligase activity was associated with the microsomal subcellular fraction... | Characterization of liver cholic acid coenzyme A ligase activity. Evidence that separate microsomal enzymes are responsible for cholic acid and fatty acid activation. Investigations on the cholic acid CoA ligase activity of rat liver microsomes were made possible by the development of a rapid, sensitive radiochemical a... | [
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PMID:14146 | Human endonuclease specific for apurinic/apyrimidinic sites in DNA. Partial purification and characterization of multiple forms from placenta. | Six chromatographically distinct forms of endonuclease active on apurinic and apyrimidinic sites in DNA have been purified away from DNA phosphatases, DNA N-glycosidases, and other DNases of human placenta. The forms seem to be monomeric proteins of 27,000 to 31,000 daltons, and although catalytically similar, they can... | Human endonuclease specific for apurinic/apyrimidinic sites in DNA. Partial purification and characterization of multiple forms from placenta. Six chromatographically distinct forms of endonuclease active on apurinic and apyrimidinic sites in DNA have been purified away from DNA phosphatases, DNA N-glycosidases, and ot... | [
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PMID:14147 | Effect of aspartate on complexes between glutamate dehydrogenase and various aminotransferases. | In previous studies it was found that: (a) aspartate aminotransferase increases the aspartate dehydrogenase activity of glutamate dehydrogenase; (b) the pyridoxamine-P form of this aminotransferase can form an enzyme-enzyme complex with glutamate dehydrogenase; and (c) the pyridoxamine-P form can be dehydrogenated to t... | Effect of aspartate on complexes between glutamate dehydrogenase and various aminotransferases. In previous studies it was found that: (a) aspartate aminotransferase increases the aspartate dehydrogenase activity of glutamate dehydrogenase; (b) the pyridoxamine-P form of this aminotransferase can form an enzyme-enzyme ... | [
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PMID:14148 | Interaction of thyroid peroxidase with concanavalin A covalently coupled to agarose. | We have investigated the interaction between concanavalin A-agarose (Con A-agarose) and thyroid peroxidase, an integral membrane protein found in the 105,000 X g, 1-h particulate fraction of thyroid tissue. An intact form of porcine thyroid peroxidase was obtained by solubilization with the nonionic detergent Triton X-... | Interaction of thyroid peroxidase with concanavalin A covalently coupled to agarose. We have investigated the interaction between concanavalin A-agarose (Con A-agarose) and thyroid peroxidase, an integral membrane protein found in the 105,000 X g, 1-h particulate fraction of thyroid tissue. An intact form of porcine th... | [
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PMID:14149 | Translation of albumin messenger RNA in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system derived from wheat germ. | Purified rat liver albumin mRNA directed the synthesis of albumin in a mRNA-dependent cell-free protein-synthesizing system derived from wheat germ extracts. The [3H]leucine-labeled in vitro translation product reacted with antibodies specific for albumin and co-migrated with authentic 14C-labeled serum albumin during ... | Translation of albumin messenger RNA in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system derived from wheat germ. Purified rat liver albumin mRNA directed the synthesis of albumin in a mRNA-dependent cell-free protein-synthesizing system derived from wheat germ extracts. The [3H]leucine-labeled in vitro translation product reac... | [
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PMID:14150 | Stimulation of human platelet guanylate cyclase by fatty acids. | Guanylate cyclase from human platelets was over 90% soluble, even when assayed in the presence of Triton X-100. A time-dependent increase in activity occurred when the enzyme was incubated at 37 degrees and this spontaneous activation was prevented by dithiothreitol. Arachidonic acid stimulated the soluble enzyme activ... | Stimulation of human platelet guanylate cyclase by fatty acids. Guanylate cyclase from human platelets was over 90% soluble, even when assayed in the presence of Triton X-100. A time-dependent increase in activity occurred when the enzyme was incubated at 37 degrees and this spontaneous activation was prevented by dith... | [
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PMID:14151 | 3-Hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl-CoA synthase. Participation of acetyl-S-enzyme and enzyme-S-hydroxymethylgutaryl-SCoA intermediates in the reaction. | Acetyl-CoA reacts stoichiometrically with a cysteinyl sufhydryl group of avian liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA synthase to yield acetyl-S-enzyme (Miziorko H.M., Clinkenbeard, K.D., Reed, W.D., and Lane, M.D. (1975) J. Biol. Chem. 250, 5768-5773). Evidence that acetyl-S-enzyme condenses with the second substr... | 3-Hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl-CoA synthase. Participation of acetyl-S-enzyme and enzyme-S-hydroxymethylgutaryl-SCoA intermediates in the reaction. Acetyl-CoA reacts stoichiometrically with a cysteinyl sufhydryl group of avian liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA synthase to yield acetyl-S-enzyme (Miziorko H.M., Clink... | [
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PMID:14152 | Characterization and kinetics of native and chemically acitvated human liver alcohol dehydrogenases. | Acetimidylation of the amino groups of alcohol dehydrogenase from human and horse liver yields several modified enzyme forms, which differ in electrophoretic mobility and can be separated by ion exchange chromatography, but which are similar in kinetic characteristics. The acetimidylated, as well as the methylated, enz... | Characterization and kinetics of native and chemically acitvated human liver alcohol dehydrogenases. Acetimidylation of the amino groups of alcohol dehydrogenase from human and horse liver yields several modified enzyme forms, which differ in electrophoretic mobility and can be separated by ion exchange chromatography,... | [
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PMID:14153 | A new large form of transcarboxylase with six outer subunits and twelve biotinyl carboxyl carrier subunits. | A new form of transcarboxylase has been isolated which has a molecular weight of 1,200,000, an s20,w of 26 S, and contains 12 biotinyl groups. Transcarboxylase as isolated previously has a molecular weight of 790,000, an s20,w of 18 S, and contains six biotinyl groups. The larger species of enzyme consists of a central... | A new large form of transcarboxylase with six outer subunits and twelve biotinyl carboxyl carrier subunits. A new form of transcarboxylase has been isolated which has a molecular weight of 1,200,000, an s20,w of 26 S, and contains 12 biotinyl groups. Transcarboxylase as isolated previously has a molecular weight of 790... | [
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PMID:14154 | Transient kinetic and deuterium isotope effect studies on the catalytic mechanism of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. | The catalytic mechanism of the phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase reaction in both directions was investigated by studying: (a) pre-steady state transients in reduced coenzyme appearance or disappearance or disappearance and in protein fluorescence; (b) deuterium isotope effects on the transients and on the steady state re... | Transient kinetic and deuterium isotope effect studies on the catalytic mechanism of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. The catalytic mechanism of the phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase reaction in both directions was investigated by studying: (a) pre-steady state transients in reduced coenzyme appearance or disappearance or ... | [
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PMID:14155 | A novel approach to the identification of surface receptors. The use of photosensitive hetero-bifunctional cross-linking reagent. | Methyl 4-azidobenzoimidate, a photosensitive hetero-bifunctional cross-linking reagent, was synthesized and characterized. This reagent has an imidoester at one end, which reacts spontaneously with primary amines, and an arylazide at the other end, which reacts with a variety of chemical groups upon photolysis by ultra... | A novel approach to the identification of surface receptors. The use of photosensitive hetero-bifunctional cross-linking reagent. Methyl 4-azidobenzoimidate, a photosensitive hetero-bifunctional cross-linking reagent, was synthesized and characterized. This reagent has an imidoester at one end, which reacts spontaneous... | [
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PMID:14156 | Caclium uptake and associated adenosine triphosphatase activity in fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum. Requirement for potassium ions. | The effects of monovalent cations on calcium uptake by fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum have been clarified. Homogenization of muscle tissue in salt-containing solutions leads to contamination of this subcellular fraction with actomyosin and mitochondrial membranes. When, in addition, inorganic cations are contributed... | Caclium uptake and associated adenosine triphosphatase activity in fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum. Requirement for potassium ions. The effects of monovalent cations on calcium uptake by fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum have been clarified. Homogenization of muscle tissue in salt-containing solutions leads to contam... | [
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PMID:14157 | Purification and properties of the urea amidolyase from Candida utilis. | Urea amidolyase was purified to homogeneity from extracts of Candida utilis. The purification involves protamine sulfate precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, polyethylene glycol precipitation, Sepharose 6B gel filtration, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, and hydroxylapatite column chromatography. The fin... | Purification and properties of the urea amidolyase from Candida utilis. Urea amidolyase was purified to homogeneity from extracts of Candida utilis. The purification involves protamine sulfate precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, polyethylene glycol precipitation, Sepharose 6B gel filtration, DEAE-cellulose c... | [
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PMID:14158 | Mechanisms of acylation of chymotrypsin by phenyl esters of benzoic acid and acetic acid. | The kinetics of the acylation of alpha-chymotrypsin by a series of substituted phenyl p-nitrobenzoates have been studied by stopped flow and conventional spectrophotometry. Electron withdrawal in the leaving group accelerates the rate of acylation, and the p value obtained for eight esters is +1.96. The pH- and pD-inde... | Mechanisms of acylation of chymotrypsin by phenyl esters of benzoic acid and acetic acid. The kinetics of the acylation of alpha-chymotrypsin by a series of substituted phenyl p-nitrobenzoates have been studied by stopped flow and conventional spectrophotometry. Electron withdrawal in the leaving group accelerates the ... | [
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PMID:14159 | Endonuclease V of Escherichia coli. | A small endodeoxyribonuclease )2.3 S) that is active on single-stranded DNA has been extensively purified from Escherichia coli so as to be free of other known DNases. It has an alkaline pH optimum (9.5), requires Mg2+, and makes 3'-hydroxy and 5'-phosphate termini. The nuclease nicks duplex DNA, particularly if treate... | Endonuclease V of Escherichia coli. A small endodeoxyribonuclease )2.3 S) that is active on single-stranded DNA has been extensively purified from Escherichia coli so as to be free of other known DNases. It has an alkaline pH optimum (9.5), requires Mg2+, and makes 3'-hydroxy and 5'-phosphate termini. The nuclease nick... | [
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PMID:14160 | Human angiotensinogen. Purification partial characterization, and a comparison with animal prohormones. | The renin-angiotensin system appears to play a major role in the regulation of sodium excretion and fluid intake in a wide variety of animal species from mammals to teleosts. In mammals the system has evolved further importance in terms of blood pressure homeostasis. This hormonal system in all species appears to invol... | Human angiotensinogen. Purification partial characterization, and a comparison with animal prohormones. The renin-angiotensin system appears to play a major role in the regulation of sodium excretion and fluid intake in a wide variety of animal species from mammals to teleosts. In mammals the system has evolved further... | [
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PMID:14162 | Studies of individual carbon sites of hen egg white lysozyme by natural abundance carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Assignment of the nonprotonated aromatic carbon resonances to specific residues in the sequence. | The resonances of nonprotonated aromatic carbons in natural abundance 13C NMR spectra of hen egg white lysozyme are assigned to specific residues of the amino acid sequence. Chemical shift considerations, the effect of pH, and partially relaxed Fourier transform NMR spectra are used to assign each resonance to one of t... | Studies of individual carbon sites of hen egg white lysozyme by natural abundance carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Assignment of the nonprotonated aromatic carbon resonances to specific residues in the sequence. The resonances of nonprotonated aromatic carbons in natural abundance 13C NMR spectra of h... | [
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PMID:14163 | Participation of tryptophan 62 in the self-association of hen egg white lysozyme. Application of natural abundance carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | Self-association of hen egg white lysozyme in solution of 38 degrees) is examined by means of natural abundance 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The effect of pH on the resonances of the nonprotonated aromatic carbons of 9 mM lysozyme, and the effect of protein concentration (at pH 7) on these resonances, b... | Participation of tryptophan 62 in the self-association of hen egg white lysozyme. Application of natural abundance carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Self-association of hen egg white lysozyme in solution of 38 degrees) is examined by means of natural abundance 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscop... | [
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PMID:14165 | Galactosyl transferase of a Golgi fraction from cultured neoplastic mast cells. | Suspension cultures of neoplastic mouse mast cells were used to obtain large quantities of a homogeneous cell population as starting material for cell fractionation. A Golgi fraction was prepared by slight modification of established techniques and identified by electron microscopy. Assay of galactosyl transferase acti... | Galactosyl transferase of a Golgi fraction from cultured neoplastic mast cells. Suspension cultures of neoplastic mouse mast cells were used to obtain large quantities of a homogeneous cell population as starting material for cell fractionation. A Golgi fraction was prepared by slight modification of established techni... | [
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PMID:14166 | The pH and temperature dependence of the interaction of steroid hormones with the transport system of glucose in human erythrocytes. | The thermodynamic parameters deltaH degrees, deltaF degrees, deltaS degrees and the pH dependence of the interaction between steroids and the glucose carrier in human erythrocytes have been studied. The results indicate that, according to the structure of the steroids, hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic bonds can be in... | The pH and temperature dependence of the interaction of steroid hormones with the transport system of glucose in human erythrocytes. The thermodynamic parameters deltaH degrees, deltaF degrees, deltaS degrees and the pH dependence of the interaction between steroids and the glucose carrier in human erythrocytes have be... | [
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PMID:14167 | The in vivo effect of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) on protein synthesis and the polyribosome profile in Paramecium. | When Paramecium tetraurelia in log phase growth is treated with 4% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) for five minutes the amount of polyribosomes is reduced 3- to 4-fold while there is a corresponding increase in 80s ribosomal material. Reducing the concentration of DMSO to 1% allows immediate reversal of the condition. Param... | The in vivo effect of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) on protein synthesis and the polyribosome profile in Paramecium. When Paramecium tetraurelia in log phase growth is treated with 4% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) for five minutes the amount of polyribosomes is reduced 3- to 4-fold while there is a corresponding increase in ... | [
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PMID:14168 | Enzyme inactivation by a cellular neutral protease: enzyme specificity, effects of ligands on inactivation, and implications for the regulation of enzyme degradation. | A protease from Tetrahymena pyriformis inactivated eight of nine commercially available enzymes tested, including lactate deyhdrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (TPN-specific), glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase, D-amino acid oxidase, fumarase, pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, and citrate synthase. Urate oxidase was not in... | Enzyme inactivation by a cellular neutral protease: enzyme specificity, effects of ligands on inactivation, and implications for the regulation of enzyme degradation. A protease from Tetrahymena pyriformis inactivated eight of nine commercially available enzymes tested, including lactate deyhdrogenase, isocitrate dehyd... | [
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PMID:14169 | Quantitative gas chromatographic analysis of flunitrazepam in human serum with electron-capture detection. | A rapid method for the determination of flunitrazepam and desmethylfflunitrazepam in human serum in the range 10-300 ng/ml is described. Both drugs are isolated from biological material by means of a single extraction, part of the organic phase is evaporated to dryness and the residue is dissolved in a small volume of ... | Quantitative gas chromatographic analysis of flunitrazepam in human serum with electron-capture detection. A rapid method for the determination of flunitrazepam and desmethylfflunitrazepam in human serum in the range 10-300 ng/ml is described. Both drugs are isolated from biological material by means of a single extrac... | [
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PMID:14171 | Mass fragmentographic quantitation of ethotoin and some of its metabolites in human urine. | A method for the determination of ethotoin and its p-hydroxylated and dealkylated metabolites in urine has been developed. Ethotoin and the metabolites were extracted from acidified urine with ethyl acetate and silylated before injection into a combined gas chromatograph--mass spectrometer. Four partly identified metab... | Mass fragmentographic quantitation of ethotoin and some of its metabolites in human urine. A method for the determination of ethotoin and its p-hydroxylated and dealkylated metabolites in urine has been developed. Ethotoin and the metabolites were extracted from acidified urine with ethyl acetate and silylated before i... | [
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PMID:14172 | Evidence for the existence of a large molecular weight protein in human pituitary tissue having follicle stimulating hormone activity. | A large molecular weight protein fraction was isolated during purification of follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) from acetone preserved human pituitary glands. This large molecular weight fraction, F-1, was not retarded by Sephadex G-100 as was hFSH, nor did it penetrate 7.5% acrylamide gel upon electrophoresis in sod... | Evidence for the existence of a large molecular weight protein in human pituitary tissue having follicle stimulating hormone activity. A large molecular weight protein fraction was isolated during purification of follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) from acetone preserved human pituitary glands. This large molecular wei... | [
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PMID:14173 | Mechanism for calcium urolithiasis among patients with hyperuricosuria: supersaturation of urine with respect to monosodium urate. | Since monosodium urate (NaU) may play an important etiologic role in the formation of renal stones containing Ca in patients with hyperuricosuria, the current studies were undertaken to define some of the physiocochemical factors which determine the formation of NaU. In solutions containing Na, uric acid was rapidly tr... | Mechanism for calcium urolithiasis among patients with hyperuricosuria: supersaturation of urine with respect to monosodium urate. Since monosodium urate (NaU) may play an important etiologic role in the formation of renal stones containing Ca in patients with hyperuricosuria, the current studies were undertaken to def... | [
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PMID:14174 | Fluorescence polarization studies of rat intestinal microvillus membranes. | Rat intestinal microvillus membranes and lipid extracts prepared from them have been studied by fluorescence polarization with three lipid-soluble fluorophores: diphenylhexatriene, retinol, and anthroyl-stearate. The degree of fluorescence polarization of diphenylhexatriene, which provides an index of the "microviscosi... | Fluorescence polarization studies of rat intestinal microvillus membranes. Rat intestinal microvillus membranes and lipid extracts prepared from them have been studied by fluorescence polarization with three lipid-soluble fluorophores: diphenylhexatriene, retinol, and anthroyl-stearate. The degree of fluorescence polar... | [
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PMID:14176 | Seminal quality, spermatozoal outpost, and testicular changes in growing Holstein bulls. | Nine Holstein bulls, initially between the ages of 17 and 22 mo, awaiting proofs in artificial breeding, were ejaculated each summer for 3 yr, and 8 and 7 survivors for 4 and 5 yr, respectively, to study changes in the same group of bulls and determine the predictive value of early measurements. Semen was collected twi... | Seminal quality, spermatozoal outpost, and testicular changes in growing Holstein bulls. Nine Holstein bulls, initially between the ages of 17 and 22 mo, awaiting proofs in artificial breeding, were ejaculated each summer for 3 yr, and 8 and 7 survivors for 4 and 5 yr, respectively, to study changes in the same group o... | [
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PMID:14177 | Extracellular dextran hydrolase from Streptococcus mutans strain 6715. | Streptococcus mutans strain 6715 was shown to produce an extracellular dextramase with endohydrolytic alpha-(1 leads to 6)-glucan-6-glucanohydrolase activity. The enzyme degraded soluble polymers produced by some oral streptococci but did not disperse the streptococcal plaques tested. Enzyme levels in the culture super... | Extracellular dextran hydrolase from Streptococcus mutans strain 6715. Streptococcus mutans strain 6715 was shown to produce an extracellular dextramase with endohydrolytic alpha-(1 leads to 6)-glucan-6-glucanohydrolase activity. The enzyme degraded soluble polymers produced by some oral streptococci but did not disper... | [
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PMID:14178 | Compratative distortion in three-unit fixed prostheses joined by laser welding, conventioanl soldering, or casting in one piece. | This study evaluated three different joint-forming procedures: laser welding, soldering, and one-piece casting. Fifteen three-unit bridges were fabricated. The findings showed post-jointing distrotion to be significantly less for laser-welded and one-piece castings than for soldering; and significantly greater reliabi... | Compratative distortion in three-unit fixed prostheses joined by laser welding, conventioanl soldering, or casting in one piece. This study evaluated three different joint-forming procedures: laser welding, soldering, and one-piece casting. Fifteen three-unit bridges were fabricated. The findings showed post-jointing d... | [
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PMID:14175 | Reduction of adenylate cyclase activity in lysates of human platelets by the alpha-adrenergic component of epinephrine. | The effects of the alpha- and beta-adrenergic components of epinephrine on adenylate cyclase activity were studied in lyastes of human platelets. The beta-adrenergic component increased enzyme activity between 20 and 50%, whereas the alpha-adrenergic component caused a concentration-dependent reduction of adenylate cyc... | Reduction of adenylate cyclase activity in lysates of human platelets by the alpha-adrenergic component of epinephrine. The effects of the alpha- and beta-adrenergic components of epinephrine on adenylate cyclase activity were studied in lyastes of human platelets. The beta-adrenergic component increased enzyme activit... | [
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PMID:14209 | The distribution of acid and alkaline ribonuclease activities in preneoplastic and neoplastic rat livers. | Ribonuclease (RNase) activities revealed by the substrate film method were compared with reactions for acid and alkaline RNase obtained by lead precipitation technique in serial sections of preneoplastic livers and hepatomas. The preneoplastic parenchymal tissue giving positive reactions with ribonucleic acid films sho... | The distribution of acid and alkaline ribonuclease activities in preneoplastic and neoplastic rat livers. Ribonuclease (RNase) activities revealed by the substrate film method were compared with reactions for acid and alkaline RNase obtained by lead precipitation technique in serial sections of preneoplastic livers and... | [
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PMID:14210 | Surface localization of 5'-nucleotidase on the mouse lymphocyte. | The optimal conditions for the cytochemical localization of 5'-nucleotidase (AMPase) in the mouse lymphocyte have been established. Quantitative monitoring of the effects of fixation and the components of the cytochemical medium showed that the cytochemistry can be performed under conditions that do not lead to loss of... | Surface localization of 5'-nucleotidase on the mouse lymphocyte. The optimal conditions for the cytochemical localization of 5'-nucleotidase (AMPase) in the mouse lymphocyte have been established. Quantitative monitoring of the effects of fixation and the components of the cytochemical medium showed that the cytochemis... | [
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PMID:14211 | Activation of the alternative pathway by pneumococcal cell walls. | The present studies were performed in order to identify the pneumococcal subcellular component responsible for activating the alternative pathway. Purified pneumococcal cell walls were able to activate the alternative pathway at a concentration as low as 5 mug/ml and were more active than crude cell walls, which in tur... | Activation of the alternative pathway by pneumococcal cell walls. The present studies were performed in order to identify the pneumococcal subcellular component responsible for activating the alternative pathway. Purified pneumococcal cell walls were able to activate the alternative pathway at a concentration as low as... | [
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... |
PMID:14212 | Differential effects of alloimmunization on T cells mediating graft-vs-host splenomegaly or the allogeneic effect in F1 mice. | Spleen cells from normal BALB/c mice or mice immunized 10 or 30 days previously with C57BL/6 spleen cells were tested for a) their capacity to produce graft-vs-host (GVH) reactions in newborn F1 mice and b) their capacity to produce an allogeneic effect in adult F1 mice immunized with Type III pneumococcal polysacchari... | Differential effects of alloimmunization on T cells mediating graft-vs-host splenomegaly or the allogeneic effect in F1 mice. Spleen cells from normal BALB/c mice or mice immunized 10 or 30 days previously with C57BL/6 spleen cells were tested for a) their capacity to produce graft-vs-host (GVH) reactions in newborn F1... | [
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PMID:14213 | Suppressor T cells arising in mice undergoing a graft-vs-host response. | We investigated the ability of mice to generate antibody-forming cells when undergoing a graft-vs-host reaction. (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1 mice (BDF1) injected with C57BL/6 spleen cells generated suppressor T cells which inhibit antibody synthesis by BDF1 spleen cells in vitro. These T cells arose from the donor inoculum. Th... | Suppressor T cells arising in mice undergoing a graft-vs-host response. We investigated the ability of mice to generate antibody-forming cells when undergoing a graft-vs-host reaction. (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1 mice (BDF1) injected with C57BL/6 spleen cells generated suppressor T cells which inhibit antibody synthesis by BDF... | [
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PMID:14214 | Immune competence of splenic lymphocytes following graft-vs-host disease in mouse allogeneic radiation chimeras. | The abnormal immune response of long-term mouse allogeneic chimeras is reflected by qualitative deficiencies in either T or B lymphocytes. The present study was undertaken to determine if a relationship existed between the severity of graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) that these animals had experienced and a functional defe... | Immune competence of splenic lymphocytes following graft-vs-host disease in mouse allogeneic radiation chimeras. The abnormal immune response of long-term mouse allogeneic chimeras is reflected by qualitative deficiencies in either T or B lymphocytes. The present study was undertaken to determine if a relationship exis... | [
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PMID:14215 | In vitro inhibition of collagen cross links by catechol analogs. | Catechol analogs inhibit the formation of hydroxylysine-derived intermolecular collagen cross links in tissue cultures of chick embryo calvaria. Formation of intermolecular collagen cross links was measured following incorporation of [14C]lysine, reduction with sodium borohydride, and elution from an ion exchange colum... | In vitro inhibition of collagen cross links by catechol analogs. Catechol analogs inhibit the formation of hydroxylysine-derived intermolecular collagen cross links in tissue cultures of chick embryo calvaria. Formation of intermolecular collagen cross links was measured following incorporation of [14C]lysine, reductio... | [
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PMID:14216 | Photoreactions of 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide with proteins. | The photoreactions of 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide anion (TCSA-) with two serum proteins were studied. TCSA- and anions of two similar compounds, N-ethyl-3,5-dichlorosalicylamide and salicylanilide, bind noncovalently to human serum albumin (HSA) without irradiation in aqueous pH 7.4 buffered solutions. TCSA- no... | Photoreactions of 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide with proteins. The photoreactions of 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide anion (TCSA-) with two serum proteins were studied. TCSA- and anions of two similar compounds, N-ethyl-3,5-dichlorosalicylamide and salicylanilide, bind noncovalently to human serum albumin (HS... | [
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PMID:14218 | Prolonged maintenance of 2,3-DPG in liquid blood storage: use of an internal CO2 trap to stabilize pH. | A close relationship exists between the decrease in concentration of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and a fall in the pH of stored blood. Buffering the stored red cells with bicarbonate is one solution to the problem of maintaining pH during storage. The effectiveness of this buffer depends upon loss from the stored ... | Prolonged maintenance of 2,3-DPG in liquid blood storage: use of an internal CO2 trap to stabilize pH. A close relationship exists between the decrease in concentration of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and a fall in the pH of stored blood. Buffering the stored red cells with bicarbonate is one solution to the proble... | [
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PMID:14219 | Delayed initiation of SS1 pulses in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica: evidence for a fourth conducting system. | 1. Single electrical shocks to the column sometimes elicit a series of 1-6 pulses in the SS1 (ectodermal slow system) but the first pulse does not appear until 5-28 s after stimulation. These pulses occur in addition to the early SS1 pulse which follows every shock and which has a conduction delay of less than 1 s. 2. ... | Delayed initiation of SS1 pulses in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica: evidence for a fourth conducting system. 1. Single electrical shocks to the column sometimes elicit a series of 1-6 pulses in the SS1 (ectodermal slow system) but the first pulse does not appear until 5-28 s after stimulation. These pulses occur... | [
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PMID:14221 | Oxygen-binding properties of hemoglobins from estivating and active African lungfish. | The oxygen-binding characteristics and the multiplicity of the stripped hemoglobiin from active lungfish Protopterus amphibius, are the same as in specimens that have been estivating for about 30 months, showing that alteration in the hemoglobin molecules is not involved in the earlier reported increase in oxygen affin... | Oxygen-binding properties of hemoglobins from estivating and active African lungfish. The oxygen-binding characteristics and the multiplicity of the stripped hemoglobiin from active lungfish Protopterus amphibius, are the same as in specimens that have been estivating for about 30 months, showing that alteration in the... | [
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PMID:14222 | Correlation of structural transitions in coliphage R17 with its loss of infectivity. | A circular dichroism comparative study of isolated and in situ phage R17 RNA reveals in both cases the same degree of base pairing. However, thermal circular dichroism melting profiles exhibit the presence of free energy of interaction between RNA and capsid protein. It is apparent that the capsid stabilizes the RNA st... | Correlation of structural transitions in coliphage R17 with its loss of infectivity. A circular dichroism comparative study of isolated and in situ phage R17 RNA reveals in both cases the same degree of base pairing. However, thermal circular dichroism melting profiles exhibit the presence of free energy of interaction... | [
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PMID:14223 | The use of tris-HCl buffer for inoculation of tomato protoplasts with tobacco mosaic virus. | When tris-HCL was used as the buffer for inoculation of tomato protoplasts with tobacco mosaic virus, a greater proportion became infected than when phosphate was used. Using 0-05 M-tris-HCl buffer, pH 8-0, in the presence of poly-L-ornithine or poly-D-lysine, 50 to 80 % infection was obtained. | The use of tris-HCl buffer for inoculation of tomato protoplasts with tobacco mosaic virus. When tris-HCL was used as the buffer for inoculation of tomato protoplasts with tobacco mosaic virus, a greater proportion became infected than when phosphate was used. Using 0-05 M-tris-HCl buffer, pH 8-0, in the presence of po... | [
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PMID:14224 | Adsorption of phage P22 to Salmonella typhimurium. | Adsorption of phage P22 to its receptor in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the envelope of Salmonella typhimurium is accompanied by a hydrolytic cleavage of the O polysaccharide chain. The enzyme, and endorhamnosidase, is found in the phage tail. Propagation of a mutant of phage P22, containing two amber mutations, und... | Adsorption of phage P22 to Salmonella typhimurium. Adsorption of phage P22 to its receptor in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the envelope of Salmonella typhimurium is accompanied by a hydrolytic cleavage of the O polysaccharide chain. The enzyme, and endorhamnosidase, is found in the phage tail. Propagation of a mutan... | [
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PMID:14227 | Traditional versus individualized nursing instruction: comparison of State Board Examination scores as a result of these two methods of nursing instruction. | There is no evidence as a result of this study to preclude that the LEGS Program is not worthwhile. Achievement of State Board Examination Scores have not suffered as a result of this method of instruction, at least in the three schools studied. Statistically, there is no significant difference in mean achievement of S... | Traditional versus individualized nursing instruction: comparison of State Board Examination scores as a result of these two methods of nursing instruction. There is no evidence as a result of this study to preclude that the LEGS Program is not worthwhile. Achievement of State Board Examination Scores have not suffered... | [
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PMID:14229 | Teaching patient assessment: the pros & cons of clinical rounds. | The first step in the nursing process is assessment. Facility with patient assessment skills precludes planning, implementing and evaluating patient care. Teaching patient assessment is time consuming and potentially anxiety-provoking. Classroom lectures and practice labs are not enough if students are to learn how to ... | Teaching patient assessment: the pros & cons of clinical rounds. The first step in the nursing process is assessment. Facility with patient assessment skills precludes planning, implementing and evaluating patient care. Teaching patient assessment is time consuming and potentially anxiety-provoking. Classroom lectu... | [
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PMID:14233 | Instructor and course evaluation based on student-identified criteria. | Students have come to school for an education and it is their right to evaluate the quality of the education they are receiving. They should not have to demand or even ask for the privilege of saying what they think. Instructors should be providing the opportunity for evaluation by requesting that information from the ... | Instructor and course evaluation based on student-identified criteria. Students have come to school for an education and it is their right to evaluate the quality of the education they are receiving. They should not have to demand or even ask for the privilege of saying what they think. Instructors should be providing ... | [
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PMID:14237 | An experience with a systems approach to curriculum design. | Learning system design, based on general systems theory, is a powerful facilitator for planning and implementing programs of curriculum and instruction. Curriculum planners are directed to a practical consideration of all systems components, and an awareness of their interrelatedness. Specifically they must deal with: ... | An experience with a systems approach to curriculum design. Learning system design, based on general systems theory, is a powerful facilitator for planning and implementing programs of curriculum and instruction. Curriculum planners are directed to a practical consideration of all systems components, and an awareness o... | [
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-0... |
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