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PMID:13946 | D-Glucaric acid and gamma-glutamyltransferase as indices of hepatic enzyme induction in pregnancy. | Increased activity of hepatic microsomal enzymes can be evaluated by measuring D-glucaric acid excretion in urine and gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) activity in serum. Aside from diverse foreign compounds, endogenous steroid hormones have been shown to be normal substrates of the microsomal enzyme system. Becau... | D-Glucaric acid and gamma-glutamyltransferase as indices of hepatic enzyme induction in pregnancy. Increased activity of hepatic microsomal enzymes can be evaluated by measuring D-glucaric acid excretion in urine and gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) activity in serum. Aside from diverse foreign compounds, endogen... | [
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PMID:13950 | Ganglioside GM2 N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase and asialo GM2 (GA2) N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase; studies in human skin fibroblasts. | Ganglioside GM2 and its asialo-derivative, GA2 were radiolabeled in their N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl moieties by oxidation with galactose oxidase and reduction with tritiated sodium borohydride. Specific activities of 6 X 10(4) dpm/nmol (GM2) and 1.8 X 10(6) dpm/nmol (GA2) were achieved. About 98% of the label was in N-... | Ganglioside GM2 N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase and asialo GM2 (GA2) N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase; studies in human skin fibroblasts. Ganglioside GM2 and its asialo-derivative, GA2 were radiolabeled in their N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl moieties by oxidation with galactose oxidase and reduction with tritiated sodiu... | [
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PMID:13951 | Injuries of the forefoot. | Dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the tarsometatarsal joints, fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone, fractures of the shafts and necks of the metatarsal bones, dislocations of the metatarsophalangeal joints, fractures of the phalanges and dislocations of the interphalangeal joints each have a speci... | Injuries of the forefoot. Dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the tarsometatarsal joints, fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone, fractures of the shafts and necks of the metatarsal bones, dislocations of the metatarsophalangeal joints, fractures of the phalanges and dislocations of the interphalangea... | [
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PMID:13952 | Injuries of the hindfoot. | Although the long term prognosis for many injuries of the hind foot is poor, prompt diagnosis and treatment can lead to a satisfactory result. Failure to treat these injuries promptly can lead to circulatory problems and skin necrosis. Stiffness and post-traumatic arthritis may occur despite adequate treatment due to t... | Injuries of the hindfoot. Although the long term prognosis for many injuries of the hind foot is poor, prompt diagnosis and treatment can lead to a satisfactory result. Failure to treat these injuries promptly can lead to circulatory problems and skin necrosis. Stiffness and post-traumatic arthritis may occur despite a... | [
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PMID:13954 | Altered hepatic blood flow and drug disposition. | For some drugs, delivery to the liver by the hepatic circulation is an important determinant of removal by this organ. Classical pharmacokinetic analyses cannot predict the changes produced by altering any of the biological determinants of drug elimination by the liver; hepatic blood flow, metabolic enzyme activity, dr... | Altered hepatic blood flow and drug disposition. For some drugs, delivery to the liver by the hepatic circulation is an important determinant of removal by this organ. Classical pharmacokinetic analyses cannot predict the changes produced by altering any of the biological determinants of drug elimination by the liver; ... | [
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PMID:13953 | Lacerations of the plantar aspect of the foot. | The absence of any known reference in the medical literature to lacerations of the plantar aspect of the foot prompted the author to send an questionnaire to members of the American Orthopaedic Foot Society and Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons asking each one to outline his treatment for various combinations of l... | Lacerations of the plantar aspect of the foot. The absence of any known reference in the medical literature to lacerations of the plantar aspect of the foot prompted the author to send an questionnaire to members of the American Orthopaedic Foot Society and Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons asking each one to outl... | [
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PMID:13955 | Clincial pharmacokinetics in neonates. | Recent concern over toxic effects of drugs in newborns, infants and children have stressed the need for better knowledge of drug kinetics during development. The present review focuses on the available data on clinical pharmacokientics in the neonate. Despite the lack of systematic approaches on drug disposition during... | Clincial pharmacokinetics in neonates. Recent concern over toxic effects of drugs in newborns, infants and children have stressed the need for better knowledge of drug kinetics during development. The present review focuses on the available data on clinical pharmacokientics in the neonate. Despite the lack of systemati... | [
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PMID:13956 | Renal failure, drug pharmacokinetics and drug action. | Patients with renal insufficiency often react abnormally to a number of drugs. Small doses that are safe under normal conditions may cause severe and even fatal side-effects. As a consequence, modification of the usual drug dosage of these drugs in required in renal insufficiency. Since the risk of retention concerns o... | Renal failure, drug pharmacokinetics and drug action. Patients with renal insufficiency often react abnormally to a number of drugs. Small doses that are safe under normal conditions may cause severe and even fatal side-effects. As a consequence, modification of the usual drug dosage of these drugs in required in renal... | [
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PMID:13957 | The relationship of pharmacokinetics to pharmacological activity: morphine, methadone and naloxone. | This review illustrates current approaches to the study of the disposition in man of the strong analagesics morphine and methadone and the narcotic antagonist naloxone. Morphine administered orally is rapidly absorbed but equally rapidly metabolised to morphine glucuronide. This contributes to the diminished oral effic... | The relationship of pharmacokinetics to pharmacological activity: morphine, methadone and naloxone. This review illustrates current approaches to the study of the disposition in man of the strong analagesics morphine and methadone and the narcotic antagonist naloxone. Morphine administered orally is rapidly absorbed bu... | [
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PMID:13958 | Clinical pharmacokinetics of beta-adrenoreceptor blocking drugs. | All beta-adrenoreceptor blocking drugs seem to be fairly rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. The rate of absorption, however, appears to be lower in elderly patients and possibly also in patients with renal failure than in younger patients. The extent of bioavailability varies considerably... | Clinical pharmacokinetics of beta-adrenoreceptor blocking drugs. All beta-adrenoreceptor blocking drugs seem to be fairly rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. The rate of absorption, however, appears to be lower in elderly patients and possibly also in patients with renal failure than in yo... | [
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PMID:13959 | Monoamine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid and serotonin uptake inhibition during treatment with chlorimipramine. | The effects of chlorimipramine on the concentrations of the main metabolites of serotonin (5-HT) norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine, i.e. 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl glycol (HMPG) and homovanillic acid (HVA), respectively, were studied in cerebrospinal fluid from 14 depressed patients,... | Monoamine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid and serotonin uptake inhibition during treatment with chlorimipramine. The effects of chlorimipramine on the concentrations of the main metabolites of serotonin (5-HT) norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine, i.e. 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl glyc... | [
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PMID:13960 | Clinical pharmacokinetics of lorazepam. II. Intramuscular injection. | A single dose of 4 mg of lorazepam was injected into the deltoid muscles of six healthy male volunteers. Multiple venous blood samples were drawn during 48 hr after the dose and all urine was collected for 24 hr after the dose. Concentrations of lorazepam and its major metabolite, lorazepam glucuronide, were determined... | Clinical pharmacokinetics of lorazepam. II. Intramuscular injection. A single dose of 4 mg of lorazepam was injected into the deltoid muscles of six healthy male volunteers. Multiple venous blood samples were drawn during 48 hr after the dose and all urine was collected for 24 hr after the dose. Concentrations of loraz... | [
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PMID:13961 | Toxicity of high-dose flurazepam in the elderly. | To assess the potential hazards of flurazepam (Dalmane) therapy of insomnia in the elderly, the relation of dosage and patient age to the frequency of flurazepam-attributed adverse reactions was studied in 2,542 hospitalized medical patients. Adverse reactions, predominantly unwanted residual drowsiness, were reported ... | Toxicity of high-dose flurazepam in the elderly. To assess the potential hazards of flurazepam (Dalmane) therapy of insomnia in the elderly, the relation of dosage and patient age to the frequency of flurazepam-attributed adverse reactions was studied in 2,542 hospitalized medical patients. Adverse reactions, predomina... | [
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PMID:13962 | Quantitative immunological determination of brush-border protein in urine. Their role in the progression of inflammatory and toxic renal damage. | In urine concentrates form patients with acute and chronic glomerulonephritis and patients under cytostatic treatment, remarkable amounts of membrane-bound alanine-aminopeptidase, alkaline-phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase could be recognized. With an anti-brush-border antisera membrane-bound enzymes could be... | Quantitative immunological determination of brush-border protein in urine. Their role in the progression of inflammatory and toxic renal damage. In urine concentrates form patients with acute and chronic glomerulonephritis and patients under cytostatic treatment, remarkable amounts of membrane-bound alanine-aminopeptid... | [
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PMID:13963 | Measurement of carbon dioxide in blood. | The remarkable combination of physical and chemical properties displayed by carbon dioxide has enabled the development of a very wide variety of analytical methods for its measurement in blood or blood plasma. Both for historical and technical reasons, the gasometric method of Van Slyke and Neill is preeminent, but gre... | Measurement of carbon dioxide in blood. The remarkable combination of physical and chemical properties displayed by carbon dioxide has enabled the development of a very wide variety of analytical methods for its measurement in blood or blood plasma. Both for historical and technical reasons, the gasometric method of Va... | [
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PMID:13964 | Treatment of asthma with theophylline and beta adrenergic agents. | The understanding of the properties of adrenergic receptors and modification of ring and the N-alkyl side chain constituents have resulted in adrenergic agents with a high degree of specificity for the lung and few cardiac and central nervous system stimulating problems. These agents are useful by aerosol and oral rout... | Treatment of asthma with theophylline and beta adrenergic agents. The understanding of the properties of adrenergic receptors and modification of ring and the N-alkyl side chain constituents have resulted in adrenergic agents with a high degree of specificity for the lung and few cardiac and central nervous system stim... | [
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PMID:13967 | An in vitro investigation of barium meals. | A technique is described for the in vitro study of the interaction of barium sulphate suspensions, used as radiopaques, with rat ileum. The technique, which allows close approximation to the in vivo situation with accurate control of the experimental conditions, was shown to give reproducible results. The thickness of ... | An in vitro investigation of barium meals. A technique is described for the in vitro study of the interaction of barium sulphate suspensions, used as radiopaques, with rat ileum. The technique, which allows close approximation to the in vivo situation with accurate control of the experimental conditions, was shown to g... | [
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PMID:13968 | Effect of ultrasonic nebulization on arterial oxygen saturation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | Twenty patients with mild to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received ultrasonic nebulization to assess the danger of short-term changes in blood gas levels during this therapy. The status of arterial oxygenation was monitored during 20 minutes of therapy and for 20 minutes following therapy. In nine patie... | Effect of ultrasonic nebulization on arterial oxygen saturation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Twenty patients with mild to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received ultrasonic nebulization to assess the danger of short-term changes in blood gas levels during this therapy. The status of arterial ... | [
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PMID:13969 | Controlled comparison of bromazepam, amitriptyline, and placebo in anxiety-depressive neurosis. | Seventy-two private practice patients with moderate or severe anxiety-depressive neurosis received mean daily oral doses of 23.8 mg bromazepam, 94 mg amitriptyline, or 4.6 capsules of placebo in a double-blind four-week study. The patient's condition was assessed initially and at weekly intervals by using the Brief Ps... | Controlled comparison of bromazepam, amitriptyline, and placebo in anxiety-depressive neurosis. Seventy-two private practice patients with moderate or severe anxiety-depressive neurosis received mean daily oral doses of 23.8 mg bromazepam, 94 mg amitriptyline, or 4.6 capsules of placebo in a double-blind four-week stud... | [
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PMID:13970 | Characteristics of a microsomal cytochrome P-448-mediated reaction. Ethoxyresorufin O-de-ethylation. | Certain characteristics of ethoxyresorufin O-de-ethylation, as catalyzed by microsomes of liver, lung, and intestine of control and pretreated rats and hamsters, were studied. The results support previous suggestions that the reaction is catalyzed primarily by a 3-methyl-cholanthrene (MC)-inducible mono-oxygenase which... | Characteristics of a microsomal cytochrome P-448-mediated reaction. Ethoxyresorufin O-de-ethylation. Certain characteristics of ethoxyresorufin O-de-ethylation, as catalyzed by microsomes of liver, lung, and intestine of control and pretreated rats and hamsters, were studied. The results support previous suggestions th... | [
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PMID:13971 | Microsomal glucuronidation of a quaternary ammonium compound, 3-hydroxyphenyltrimethylammonium. | 3-Hydroxyphenyltrimethylammonium (HPTMA) is glucuronidated in vitro by rat liver microsomes supplemented with UDP-glucuronic acid. Little reaction occurred in the postmicrosomal supernatant fraction. Triton X-100 doubled the maximal velocity for the microsomecatalyzed reaction without altering the apparent KM value for... | Microsomal glucuronidation of a quaternary ammonium compound, 3-hydroxyphenyltrimethylammonium. 3-Hydroxyphenyltrimethylammonium (HPTMA) is glucuronidated in vitro by rat liver microsomes supplemented with UDP-glucuronic acid. Little reaction occurred in the postmicrosomal supernatant fraction. Triton X-100 doubled the... | [
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PMID:13972 | The perinatal development of epoxide-metabolizing enzyme activities in liver and extrahepatic organs of guinea pig and rabbit. | We have measured the activities of epoxide hydrase in microsomes and glutathione S-epoxidetransferase and glutathione S-aryltransferase in cytosol fractions of liver, lungs, kidneys, and small intestine from fetal and neonatal guinea pigs and rabbits. The rates at which adult values of these enzyme activities are reach... | The perinatal development of epoxide-metabolizing enzyme activities in liver and extrahepatic organs of guinea pig and rabbit. We have measured the activities of epoxide hydrase in microsomes and glutathione S-epoxidetransferase and glutathione S-aryltransferase in cytosol fractions of liver, lungs, kidneys, and small ... | [
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PMID:13973 | Metabolism of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate by subcellular fractions from rainbow trout liver. | Trout liver homogenates metabolized di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) to monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) without added NADPH and to MEHP and more polar metabolites with added NADPH. Both hydrolysis and oxidative metabolism of DEHP were inhibited by piperonyl butoxide. The 10,000g pellet, 100,000g pellet and 100,000g sup... | Metabolism of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate by subcellular fractions from rainbow trout liver. Trout liver homogenates metabolized di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) to monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) without added NADPH and to MEHP and more polar metabolites with added NADPH. Both hydrolysis and oxidative metabolism of DEHP... | [
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PMID:13974 | Biotransformation of D(-)-ephedrine and L(+)-ephedrine in the rabbit, in vivo and in vitro. | Investigations were carried out with radiolabeled D(-)-ephedrine and L(+)-ephedrine to establish whether differences exist in their metabolic fate in the rabbit, in vivo and in vitro. In liver microsomal preparations, a) D(-)-ephedrine was metabolized at a faster rate than L(+)-ephedrine, b) benzoic acid was formed fro... | Biotransformation of D(-)-ephedrine and L(+)-ephedrine in the rabbit, in vivo and in vitro. Investigations were carried out with radiolabeled D(-)-ephedrine and L(+)-ephedrine to establish whether differences exist in their metabolic fate in the rabbit, in vivo and in vitro. In liver microsomal preparations, a) D(-)-ep... | [
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PMID:13975 | Identification of glucuronide metabolites of benzomorphan narcotic analgesic drugs in bile from the isolated perfused rat liver by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. | The metabolism of four benzomorphan compounds was studied in the isolated perfused rat liver, and glucuronide metabolites were identified by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Cyclazocine, ketocyclazocine, volazocine, and pantazocine were each added to the perfusate of the isolated perfused rat live... | Identification of glucuronide metabolites of benzomorphan narcotic analgesic drugs in bile from the isolated perfused rat liver by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The metabolism of four benzomorphan compounds was studied in the isolated perfused rat liver, and glucuronide metabolites were identified by combin... | [
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PMID:13976 | Mirex-induced impairment of hepatobiliary function. Suppressed biliary excretion of imipramine and sulfobromophthalein. | Effect of pre-exposure to the pesticide mirex on hepatic uptake, metabolism, and biliary excretion of the tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine (IMP), was studied by using isolated perfused rat liver preparations obtained from control and treated animals. Pretreatment of male rats with mirex (50 mg/kg/day, po, for 3 day... | Mirex-induced impairment of hepatobiliary function. Suppressed biliary excretion of imipramine and sulfobromophthalein. Effect of pre-exposure to the pesticide mirex on hepatic uptake, metabolism, and biliary excretion of the tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine (IMP), was studied by using isolated perfused rat liver p... | [
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PMID:13977 | Metabolic fate of phenobarbital. A quantitative study of p-hydroxyphenobarbital elimination in man. | Biotransformation of phenobarbital (PB) to p-hydroxyphenobarbital (PHPB) was studied quantitatively by gas-liquid chromatography in 8 epileptic patients who were receiving an established regimen of antiepileptic drugs including PB. PB and both conjugated and unconjugated PHPB were present in each patient's urine; m-hyd... | Metabolic fate of phenobarbital. A quantitative study of p-hydroxyphenobarbital elimination in man. Biotransformation of phenobarbital (PB) to p-hydroxyphenobarbital (PHPB) was studied quantitatively by gas-liquid chromatography in 8 epileptic patients who were receiving an established regimen of antiepileptic drugs in... | [
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PMID:13978 | N-Hydroxylation of pentobarbital in man. | After oral administration of 14C-labeled pentobarbital to healthy subjects, most ot the radioactivity was recovered in urine over a period of 6 days. Only a minute amount (approximately 1%) of unchanged pentobarbital was found in the urine. Four major metabolites were found and isolated. One was 3'-hydroxypentobarbital... | N-Hydroxylation of pentobarbital in man. After oral administration of 14C-labeled pentobarbital to healthy subjects, most ot the radioactivity was recovered in urine over a period of 6 days. Only a minute amount (approximately 1%) of unchanged pentobarbital was found in the urine. Four major metabolites were found and ... | [
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PMID:13983 | Narcotic and narcotic antagonist pKa's and partition coefficients and their significance in clinical practice. | The pKa's, partition coefficients and drug distribution coefficients (apparent partition coefficients) have been investigated for a number of narcotics and where possible for their congener narcotic antagonist. These studies were carried out by a novel microelectrometric titration technique as a function of temperature... | Narcotic and narcotic antagonist pKa's and partition coefficients and their significance in clinical practice. The pKa's, partition coefficients and drug distribution coefficients (apparent partition coefficients) have been investigated for a number of narcotics and where possible for their congener narcotic antagonist... | [
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PMID:13979 | Metabolism of sudoxicam by the rat, dog, and monkey. | Sudoxicam, N-(2-thiazolyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide 1, 1-dioxide, was prepared in radiolabeled form and administered to rats, dogs, and monkeys. Urine contained approximately 60, 25, and 49% of the label given to rats, dogs, and monkeys, respectively; the remainder was cleared via feces. In... | Metabolism of sudoxicam by the rat, dog, and monkey. Sudoxicam, N-(2-thiazolyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide 1, 1-dioxide, was prepared in radiolabeled form and administered to rats, dogs, and monkeys. Urine contained approximately 60, 25, and 49% of the label given to rats, dogs, and monkeys, ... | [
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PMID:13984 | Clinical trial in post-addicts with oxilorphan (levo-BC-2605): a new narcotic antagonist. | Oxilorphan (levo-BC-2605) is a new, long-acting, narcotic antagonist that has agonist properties. Twenty-one (21) heroin addicts in Los Angeles were detoxified and given at least one oral dose of oxilorphan. Only three (14.3%) patients took daily doses for 14 days, which was the maximal time allowed for oxilorphan admi... | Clinical trial in post-addicts with oxilorphan (levo-BC-2605): a new narcotic antagonist. Oxilorphan (levo-BC-2605) is a new, long-acting, narcotic antagonist that has agonist properties. Twenty-one (21) heroin addicts in Los Angeles were detoxified and given at least one oral dose of oxilorphan. Only three (14.3%) pat... | [
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PMID:13980 | Renal N-oxidation of trimethylamine in the chicken during tubular excretion. | The Sperber technique of infusion into the renal portal circulation in chickens was used to investigate in vivo the renal tubular transport and renal metabolism of trimethylamine (TMA). When 14C-TMA was infused at a rate of 1 x 10(-9) mol/min the transport efficiency (TE), that is, the tubular excretion of the 14C-labe... | Renal N-oxidation of trimethylamine in the chicken during tubular excretion. The Sperber technique of infusion into the renal portal circulation in chickens was used to investigate in vivo the renal tubular transport and renal metabolism of trimethylamine (TMA). When 14C-TMA was infused at a rate of 1 x 10(-9) mol/min ... | [
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PMID:13986 | [An unusual case of panarteritis nodosa associated with chronic mercury poisoning (author's transl)]. | In a 50-year-old woman, working as a dental assistant for more than ten years, chronic mercury poisoning developed insidiously, apparently from careless handling of mercury-amalgam. The main signs consisted of mental and neurological changes such as erethism, tremor and mercurial psellism. Peripheral arterial circulato... | [An unusual case of panarteritis nodosa associated with chronic mercury poisoning (author's transl)]. In a 50-year-old woman, working as a dental assistant for more than ten years, chronic mercury poisoning developed insidiously, apparently from careless handling of mercury-amalgam. The main signs consisted of mental a... | [
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PMID:13981 | Studies on the N-demethylation and O-de-ethylation of ethylmorphine by hepatic microsomes from male rats. | On the basis of inhibition studies of the dealkylation of morphine and norcodeine, George and Tephly concluded that O-dealkylation and N-dealkylation are catalyzed by different enzymes. We have examined the microsomal dealkylation of 3-O-[1'-14Clethylmorphine by measuring HCHO colorimetrically and [1-14C]acetaldehyde r... | Studies on the N-demethylation and O-de-ethylation of ethylmorphine by hepatic microsomes from male rats. On the basis of inhibition studies of the dealkylation of morphine and norcodeine, George and Tephly concluded that O-dealkylation and N-dealkylation are catalyzed by different enzymes. We have examined the microso... | [
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PMID:13988 | Perfused lung preparation for studying altered gaseous environments. | An isolated perfused lung (IPL) preparation was used to investigate the influence of acute environmental stress on lung substrate metabolism. The IPL apparatus consists of four perfusion flasks housed in a temperature-controlled Lucite box with a circulation fan. Lungs are ventilated by a positive pressure ventilation ... | Perfused lung preparation for studying altered gaseous environments. An isolated perfused lung (IPL) preparation was used to investigate the influence of acute environmental stress on lung substrate metabolism. The IPL apparatus consists of four perfusion flasks housed in a temperature-controlled Lucite box with a circ... | [
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PMID:13989 | Increase in activity of partially purified alkaline phosphatase after treatment with Mg2+, Zn2+ and lysolecithin. | When lysolecithin predispersed in 0.15 mol/l KCl was sonicated with partially purified alkaline phosphatase, the enzyme activity was increased. Lysolecithin moderately modified the kinetic parameters by increasing the apparent Vmax and decreasing the apparent Km. The pH profile of the enzyme was shifted slightly from a... | Increase in activity of partially purified alkaline phosphatase after treatment with Mg2+, Zn2+ and lysolecithin. When lysolecithin predispersed in 0.15 mol/l KCl was sonicated with partially purified alkaline phosphatase, the enzyme activity was increased. Lysolecithin moderately modified the kinetic parameters by inc... | [
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PMID:13990 | Changes in the activities of the enzymes of hepatic ketogenesis in the rat between late fetal life and weaning. | The activities of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase have been determined in the mitochondria and cytosol of the liver during development of the rat. Both mitochondrial enzymes exhibit similar developmental patterns with rapid rises in activity after birth, peaks of activity during e... | Changes in the activities of the enzymes of hepatic ketogenesis in the rat between late fetal life and weaning. The activities of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase have been determined in the mitochondria and cytosol of the liver during development of the rat. Both mitochondrial enz... | [
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PMID:13991 | Regulation of nitrogen catabolic enzymes in chick liver: effects of insulin. | Previous studies have shown that a group of nitrogen catabolic enzymes including xanthine dehydrogenase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and tyrosine aminotransferase are all increased in chick liver by dietary protein as well as single amino acids (e.g. methionine) and certain antimetabolites (e.g. hydrazine). A simi... | Regulation of nitrogen catabolic enzymes in chick liver: effects of insulin. Previous studies have shown that a group of nitrogen catabolic enzymes including xanthine dehydrogenase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and tyrosine aminotransferase are all increased in chick liver by dietary protein as well as single amino... | [
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PMID:13992 | Recent advances in equine reproduction. | Mares rarely ovulate in winter; ovulation is induced by increase in daylight length. Ova accumulate in the oviducts of unserved mares. During pregnancy, corpora lutea accumulate; all regress together at mid pregnancy. Plasma progesterone levels rise and oestrogen levels fall towards the end of pregnancy. Methods are av... | Recent advances in equine reproduction. Mares rarely ovulate in winter; ovulation is induced by increase in daylight length. Ova accumulate in the oviducts of unserved mares. During pregnancy, corpora lutea accumulate; all regress together at mid pregnancy. Plasma progesterone levels rise and oestrogen levels fall towa... | [
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PMID:13993 | Heart rate and ventilation in relation to venous [K+], osmolality, pH, PCO2, PO2, [orthophosphate], and [lactate] at transition from rest to exercise in athletes and non-athletes. | To evaluate to what metabolci event in contracting muscles heart rate (HR) and VE are related, time courses of femoral and cubital venous [K=], osomolality (OSM), pH, POC2, PO2, [lactate], and [orthophosphate] ([Pi]) at onset of exercise were studied in athletes (TR) and non-athletes (UT) and compared to time courses o... | Heart rate and ventilation in relation to venous [K+], osmolality, pH, PCO2, PO2, [orthophosphate], and [lactate] at transition from rest to exercise in athletes and non-athletes. To evaluate to what metabolci event in contracting muscles heart rate (HR) and VE are related, time courses of femoral and cubital venous [K... | [
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PMID:13994 | Photooxidation of human serum albumin and its complex with bilirubin. | Irradiation with visible light of human serum albumin in aqueous solution at pH 8, in the presence of catalytic amounts of rose bengal or methylene blue, resulted in random oxidation of the histidine residues in the protein under consumption of one mole O2, and release of somewhat less than one proton, per histidine re... | Photooxidation of human serum albumin and its complex with bilirubin. Irradiation with visible light of human serum albumin in aqueous solution at pH 8, in the presence of catalytic amounts of rose bengal or methylene blue, resulted in random oxidation of the histidine residues in the protein under consumption of one m... | [
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PMID:13995 | CO2-mediated control of fatty acid metabolism in isolated hamster brown-fat cells during norepinephrine stimulation. | 1. Addition of norepinephrine to isolated hamster brown-fat cells suspended in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer induces a pronounced, but temporary increase in respiratory rate. 2. If Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer is bubbled with CO2 prior to the addition of cells and norepinephrine, the respiratory capacity of the cells ... | CO2-mediated control of fatty acid metabolism in isolated hamster brown-fat cells during norepinephrine stimulation. 1. Addition of norepinephrine to isolated hamster brown-fat cells suspended in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer induces a pronounced, but temporary increase in respiratory rate. 2. If Krebs-Ringer phosphate... | [
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PMID:13996 | Synthesis of stereospecifically deuterated phenylalamines and determination of their configuration. | 1. Starting from trans-cinnamic acid a chiral (-)3-phenyl-[2,3-2H]propionic acid has been synthesized using Clostridium kiuyveri cells as catalyst. 2. The chiral dideuterated acid has been converted by chemical methods to a mixture of (2R) and (2S)-phenyl[2,3-2H]-alanine. 3. By means of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance sp... | Synthesis of stereospecifically deuterated phenylalamines and determination of their configuration. 1. Starting from trans-cinnamic acid a chiral (-)3-phenyl-[2,3-2H]propionic acid has been synthesized using Clostridium kiuyveri cells as catalyst. 2. The chiral dideuterated acid has been converted by chemical methods t... | [
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PMID:13997 | Stereospecificity of phenylpyruvate tautomerase. A convenient method for the preparation of chirally labelled phenylpyruvates. | 1. By 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy it has been shown that phenylpyruvate tautomerase from beef kidney catalyses the stereospecific exchange of one of the enantiotopic 3H-atoms in the side-chain of the substrate with solvent protons, the rate of spontaneous exchange being slow under physiological condition... | Stereospecificity of phenylpyruvate tautomerase. A convenient method for the preparation of chirally labelled phenylpyruvates. 1. By 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy it has been shown that phenylpyruvate tautomerase from beef kidney catalyses the stereospecific exchange of one of the enantiotopic 3H-atoms in ... | [
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PMID:13998 | Mitochondrial and cytosolic NADPH systems and isocitrate dehydrogenase indicator metabolites during ureogensis from ammonia in isolated rat hepatocytes. | 1. Citrate isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate levels were determined in isolated rat hepatocytes and in particulate and soluble fractions, thereof, obtained by the digitonin and silicone oil fractionation technique. 2. Caculated from isocitrate/2-oxoglutarate ratios ("indicator metabolite method"), the redox potential of mi... | Mitochondrial and cytosolic NADPH systems and isocitrate dehydrogenase indicator metabolites during ureogensis from ammonia in isolated rat hepatocytes. 1. Citrate isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate levels were determined in isolated rat hepatocytes and in particulate and soluble fractions, thereof, obtained by the digitoni... | [
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PMID:13999 | Preparation of coenzymic activity of soluble polyethyleneimine-bound NADP+ derivatives. | Alkylation at N-1 of the NADP+ adenine ring with 3,4-epoxybutanoic acid gave 1-(2-hydroxy-3-carboxypropyl)-NADP+. Enzymic reduction of the latter, followed by alkaline Dimroth rearrangement and enzymic reoxidation, gave N6-(2-hydroxy-3-carboxypropyl)-NADP+. On the other hand, bromination at C-8 of the NADP+ adenine rin... | Preparation of coenzymic activity of soluble polyethyleneimine-bound NADP+ derivatives. Alkylation at N-1 of the NADP+ adenine ring with 3,4-epoxybutanoic acid gave 1-(2-hydroxy-3-carboxypropyl)-NADP+. Enzymic reduction of the latter, followed by alkaline Dimroth rearrangement and enzymic reoxidation, gave N6-(2-hydrox... | [
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PMID:14000 | Purification and properties of blood-group-specific lectins from Vicia cracca. | The lectins from the seeds of Vicia cracca react specifically with human blood group A erythrocytes. They were purified by affinity chromatography on an adsorbent containing matrix-bound N-acyl-D-galactosamine. By a continuous pH gradient the lectins could be separated into two fractions each of which was shown to cons... | Purification and properties of blood-group-specific lectins from Vicia cracca. The lectins from the seeds of Vicia cracca react specifically with human blood group A erythrocytes. They were purified by affinity chromatography on an adsorbent containing matrix-bound N-acyl-D-galactosamine. By a continuous pH gradient th... | [
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PMID:14001 | Biophysical and enzymological studies upon the interaction of trans-cinnamic acid with higher plant microsomal cytochromes P-450. | The interaction of trans-cinnamic acid with the cytochrome P-450 of microsomes derived from washed potato slices has been studied. The washing process increased the specific content of microsomal electron transport components and hence provided a useful material in which to study the interaction. Evidence is presented ... | Biophysical and enzymological studies upon the interaction of trans-cinnamic acid with higher plant microsomal cytochromes P-450. The interaction of trans-cinnamic acid with the cytochrome P-450 of microsomes derived from washed potato slices has been studied. The washing process increased the specific content of micro... | [
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PMID:14002 | Detergent-resistant phospholipase A of Escherichia coli K-12. Purification and properties. | Detergent-resistant phospholipase A, which is tightly bound to the outer membranes of Escherichia coli K-12 cells, was purified approximately 2000-fold to near homogeneity by solubilization with sodium dodecylsulfate and butan-1-ol, acid precipitation, acetone fractionation and column chromatographies on Sephadex G-100... | Detergent-resistant phospholipase A of Escherichia coli K-12. Purification and properties. Detergent-resistant phospholipase A, which is tightly bound to the outer membranes of Escherichia coli K-12 cells, was purified approximately 2000-fold to near homogeneity by solubilization with sodium dodecylsulfate and butan-1-... | [
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PMID:14003 | Relation between the gradient of the ATP/ADP ratio and the membrane potential across the mitochondrial membrane. | The relation between the intramitochondrial and extramitochondrial ratio ATP/ADP, the transmembrane potential and pH gradient is investigated in the present communication. For this purpose mitochondria are equilibrated with added [14C]ATP in the presence of substrate and oligomycin for eliminating phosphate transfer by... | Relation between the gradient of the ATP/ADP ratio and the membrane potential across the mitochondrial membrane. The relation between the intramitochondrial and extramitochondrial ratio ATP/ADP, the transmembrane potential and pH gradient is investigated in the present communication. For this purpose mitochondria are e... | [
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PMID:14004 | Stabilization of human beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase A towards proteolytic inactivation by coupling it to poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone). | Human hexosaminidase A was covalently bound to soluble poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone), and the effect of this binding on the enzyme inactivation by various procedures was investigated. Whereas the polymer-bound hexosaminidase underwent inactivation to the same extent as the free enzyme, when exposed to heat or acidic pH, the... | Stabilization of human beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase A towards proteolytic inactivation by coupling it to poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone). Human hexosaminidase A was covalently bound to soluble poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone), and the effect of this binding on the enzyme inactivation by various procedures was investigated. Whereas t... | [
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PMID:14005 | The effect of Mg2+ on the Ca2+-binding properties of non-activated phosphorylase kinase. | The calcium binding properties of non-activated phosphorylase kinase at pH 6.8 have been studied by the gel filtration technique at calcium concentrations from 50 nM to 50 muM. Taking into account the subunit structure alpha4beta4gamma4 the enzyme binds 12 mol Ca2+ per mol with an association constant of 6.0 X 10(7) M-... | The effect of Mg2+ on the Ca2+-binding properties of non-activated phosphorylase kinase. The calcium binding properties of non-activated phosphorylase kinase at pH 6.8 have been studied by the gel filtration technique at calcium concentrations from 50 nM to 50 muM. Taking into account the subunit structure alpha4beta4g... | [
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PMID:14006 | Interactions of corticosterone, 5alpha-dihydrocorticosterone and dexamethasone with proteins in rat-liver cytosol. | The intracellular binding of [3H]corticosterone and [3H]dexamethasone and their metabolites to macromolecules in rat liver cytosol was studied in vivo and in vitro. The macromolecules binding corticosterone and its metabolites were characterized as (a) a steroid conjugate-binding (Stokes radius 2.5 nm and sedimentation... | Interactions of corticosterone, 5alpha-dihydrocorticosterone and dexamethasone with proteins in rat-liver cytosol. The intracellular binding of [3H]corticosterone and [3H]dexamethasone and their metabolites to macromolecules in rat liver cytosol was studied in vivo and in vitro. The macromolecules binding corticosteron... | [
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PMID:14007 | Studies by small-angle x-ray scattering of the quaternary structure of dissociation products of the beta-haemocyanin of Helix pomatia. | Helix pomatia beta-haemocyanin was split into dissociation products by varying the pH and the ionic strength. The purity of the solution was checked in an ultracentrifuge. Two defined dissociation products were studied in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering. In Tris-HC1 buffer, pH 8.0 and ionic strength 1 M, the f... | Studies by small-angle x-ray scattering of the quaternary structure of dissociation products of the beta-haemocyanin of Helix pomatia. Helix pomatia beta-haemocyanin was split into dissociation products by varying the pH and the ionic strength. The purity of the solution was checked in an ultracentrifuge. Two defined d... | [
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PMID:14008 | Study of the role of puring phosphoribosyltransferases in the uptake of adenine and guanine by Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells. | 1. In the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-, the uptake rate of both adenine and guanine is related to variations in the specific activity of the corresponding phosphoribosyltransferases during the growth of the culture. Furthermore, the mutant strains dap 1, devoid of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activity, an... | Study of the role of puring phosphoribosyltransferases in the uptake of adenine and guanine by Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells. 1. In the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-, the uptake rate of both adenine and guanine is related to variations in the specific activity of the corresponding phosphoribosyltransferases d... | [
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PMID:14009 | Modification of the adrenal stress response by age and prior experience. | The adrenal stress response was examined in young and mature rats of both sexes by measuring the increase in adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity and serum corticosterone following exposure to electric footshock. Exposure to electric footshock for six minutes on three consecutive days elevated tyrosine hydroxylase act... | Modification of the adrenal stress response by age and prior experience. The adrenal stress response was examined in young and mature rats of both sexes by measuring the increase in adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity and serum corticosterone following exposure to electric footshock. Exposure to electric footshock fo... | [
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PMID:14010 | Relationship between plasma concentrations and pharmacological effects of labetalol. | In healthy normal subjects following the administration of labetalol the pharmacological effects were measured and compared with the plasma concentrations achieved. The inhibition of exercise induced tachycardia and inhibition of exercise induced increases in systolic pressure were significantly related to the administ... | Relationship between plasma concentrations and pharmacological effects of labetalol. In healthy normal subjects following the administration of labetalol the pharmacological effects were measured and compared with the plasma concentrations achieved. The inhibition of exercise induced tachycardia and inhibition of exerc... | [
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PMID:14011 | Beta-adrenoceptor blocking and electrophysiological effects of bufetolol in the guinea pig atria. | The potency of blockade of bufetolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, and effects of bufetolol on the action potential, contractile force and various electrophysiological properties of the atrium were investigated in comparison with propranolol and quinidine. Bufetolol had a pA2 of 8.65 against the positive chronotr... | Beta-adrenoceptor blocking and electrophysiological effects of bufetolol in the guinea pig atria. The potency of blockade of bufetolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, and effects of bufetolol on the action potential, contractile force and various electrophysiological properties of the atrium were investigated in co... | [
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PMID:14012 | Aminotetralins as selective beta-adrenergic agonists. | Aminotetralin derivatives M-8 and JOD-176, were studied in relation to isoproterenol for beta-adrenergic activity. M-8 and JOD-176 were found to be very weak in activating cardiac beta-receptors. These compounds were also found to be considerably more active in uterine and bronchial smooth muscle. Because these compoun... | Aminotetralins as selective beta-adrenergic agonists. Aminotetralin derivatives M-8 and JOD-176, were studied in relation to isoproterenol for beta-adrenergic activity. M-8 and JOD-176 were found to be very weak in activating cardiac beta-receptors. These compounds were also found to be considerably more active in uter... | [
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PMID:14020 | "Direct" effect of reserpine on various preparations. | The action of reserpine added to the bathing solution has been studied in isolated organs, examining various kinds of receptor systems and biological preparations. The investigation has been comparatively carried out in normal and reserpine-pretreated animals. The most important effect of reserpine is the inhibition of... | "Direct" effect of reserpine on various preparations. The action of reserpine added to the bathing solution has been studied in isolated organs, examining various kinds of receptor systems and biological preparations. The investigation has been comparatively carried out in normal and reserpine-pretreated animals. The m... | [
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PMID:14035 | [The histaminergic mechanisms in the regulation of prolactin secretion in urethan-anesthetized rats (author's transl)]. | In an attempt to detect the existence of histaminergic mechanisms in the regulation of prolactin secretion in rats, the effects of histidine and histamine-receptor antagonists (chlorpheniramine and metiamide) on plasma prolactin levels in urethan-anesthetized rats were investigated in relation to other aminergic mechan... | [The histaminergic mechanisms in the regulation of prolactin secretion in urethan-anesthetized rats (author's transl)]. In an attempt to detect the existence of histaminergic mechanisms in the regulation of prolactin secretion in rats, the effects of histidine and histamine-receptor antagonists (chlorpheniramine and me... | [
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PMID:14037 | Chromosomal breakage in systemic sclerosis and related disorders. | Chromosome aberrations such as gaps and breaks of one or both chromatids, acentric fragments, dicentrics, ring chromosomes and other abnormal chromosomes are observed in lymphocyte and fibroblast cultures as well as in direct bone marrow preparations from patients with systemic sclerosis. A serum factor producing chrom... | Chromosomal breakage in systemic sclerosis and related disorders. Chromosome aberrations such as gaps and breaks of one or both chromatids, acentric fragments, dicentrics, ring chromosomes and other abnormal chromosomes are observed in lymphocyte and fibroblast cultures as well as in direct bone marrow preparations fro... | [
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PMID:14038 | Pilot open-label study of alprazolam (U-31,889) in anxious alcoholic out-patients. | Twenty out-patients suffering from anxiety and tension after withdrawal from alcohol were treated for 28 days with alprazolam. Three patients dropped out for intercurrent events, and 2 dropped out for recurrent drinking. Of the 15 patients completing the study, analysis of variance showed significant improvement in all... | Pilot open-label study of alprazolam (U-31,889) in anxious alcoholic out-patients. Twenty out-patients suffering from anxiety and tension after withdrawal from alcohol were treated for 28 days with alprazolam. Three patients dropped out for intercurrent events, and 2 dropped out for recurrent drinking. Of the 15 patien... | [
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PMID:14039 | Diphenylpyraline (Lergobine) in the treatment of patients suffering from allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. | In a double-blind study, diphenylpyraline (Lergobine) was given to 63 patients whose main symptoms were stuffiness of the nose, increased secretion of mucus, snuffling, sneezing and redness of the eyes. Fifty-seven patients were given placebo for identical symptoms. Diphenylpyraline was found to have a better effect on... | Diphenylpyraline (Lergobine) in the treatment of patients suffering from allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. In a double-blind study, diphenylpyraline (Lergobine) was given to 63 patients whose main symptoms were stuffiness of the nose, increased secretion of mucus, snuffling, sneezing and redness of the eyes. Fifty-seven... | [
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PMID:14040 | A follow-up study of the use of benoral tablets in non-articular rheumatism. | A multicentric follow-up study was conducted in general practice to assess disease characteristics which determine analgesic needs in non-articular rheumatism. Of 127 patients studied, those with chronic conditions such as brachial fibrositis and tennis elbow with a history extending over more than a month tended to re... | A follow-up study of the use of benoral tablets in non-articular rheumatism. A multicentric follow-up study was conducted in general practice to assess disease characteristics which determine analgesic needs in non-articular rheumatism. Of 127 patients studied, those with chronic conditions such as brachial fibrositis ... | [
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PMID:14041 | Comparison of the in vitro conversion of estradiol-17 beta to estrone of normal and neoplastic human breast tissue. | Specific activity of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD) was measured in 48 tissue specimens of human female breast cancer and, in addition, 48 nonmalignant tissue specimens obtained in each case from the same cancer-bearing breast. In all cases the nonmalignant tissue showed greater conversion of estra... | Comparison of the in vitro conversion of estradiol-17 beta to estrone of normal and neoplastic human breast tissue. Specific activity of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD) was measured in 48 tissue specimens of human female breast cancer and, in addition, 48 nonmalignant tissue specimens obtained in ea... | [
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PMID:14042 | Back-diffusion--fact or fiction? | Alterations in the concentration of acid in gastric juice secreted at different flow rates and disappearance of acid from the gastric lumen, when the gastric mucosa is exposed to acid luminal contents, have been interpreted as indicating "back-diffusion" of acid into the gastric mucosa from the luminal contents. The lo... | Back-diffusion--fact or fiction? Alterations in the concentration of acid in gastric juice secreted at different flow rates and disappearance of acid from the gastric lumen, when the gastric mucosa is exposed to acid luminal contents, have been interpreted as indicating "back-diffusion" of acid into the gastric mucosa ... | [
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PMID:14043 | Effect of cimetidine on lower esophageal sphincter pressure, intragastric pH and serum levels of immunoreactive gastrin in man. | The influence of cimetidine on the lower esophageal sphincter, the intragastric pH and the serum levels of immunoreactive gastrin was investigated in eight volunteers and compared with a control group. After oral application of 400 mg cimetidine, the intragastric pH rose from 1.7 +/- 0.13 to 6.2 +/- 0.4 and the lower e... | Effect of cimetidine on lower esophageal sphincter pressure, intragastric pH and serum levels of immunoreactive gastrin in man. The influence of cimetidine on the lower esophageal sphincter, the intragastric pH and the serum levels of immunoreactive gastrin was investigated in eight volunteers and compared with a contr... | [
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PMID:14044 | Effects of posture on gastro-oesophageal reflux. | Continuous oesophageal pH measurements have been used to assess the influence of posture (lying, sitting, bed-up) on gastro-oesophageal reflux. The percentage of time during which oesophageal pH was below 5 and the number of reflux episodes was significantly reduced when patients were in bed-up position than when sitti... | Effects of posture on gastro-oesophageal reflux. Continuous oesophageal pH measurements have been used to assess the influence of posture (lying, sitting, bed-up) on gastro-oesophageal reflux. The percentage of time during which oesophageal pH was below 5 and the number of reflux episodes was significantly reduced when... | [
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PMID:14045 | Effect of cimetidine on gastric mucosal histamine and histidine decarboxylase activity in rats. | In conscious rats and in anaesthetized gastric fistula rats, the effects of low and high doses of the histamine H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine was studied on gastric mucosal histamine concentration and histidine decarboxylase activity with or without concomitant administration of pentagastrin. In conscious animals a... | Effect of cimetidine on gastric mucosal histamine and histidine decarboxylase activity in rats. In conscious rats and in anaesthetized gastric fistula rats, the effects of low and high doses of the histamine H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine was studied on gastric mucosal histamine concentration and histidine decarboxy... | [
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PMID:14046 | Glutamine synthetase induction in embryonic neural retina. Interactions of receptor-hydrocortisone complexes with cell nuclei. | In the neural retina of the chick embryo, hydrocortisone (HC) elicits differential gene expression resulting in the induction of glutamine synthetase (GS), which is an enzyme marker of differentiation in the retina. The relationship between nuclear binding of receptor-hydrocortisone (R-HC) complexes and GS induction wa... | Glutamine synthetase induction in embryonic neural retina. Interactions of receptor-hydrocortisone complexes with cell nuclei. In the neural retina of the chick embryo, hydrocortisone (HC) elicits differential gene expression resulting in the induction of glutamine synthetase (GS), which is an enzyme marker of differen... | [
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0.02960... |
PMID:14047 | Changes in the antral mucosal pepsin in dogs with chronic ulcer: pathogenesis of cinchophen ulcer. | All of the dogs given continuous injection of 100 mg/kg sodium cinchophen for 21 days developed chronic ulcers in the pyloric portion of the stomach. Those dogs given cinchophen exhibited a definite increase in gastric pepsin secretion. Readings of gastric mucosal pepsinogen showed a significant high concentration both... | Changes in the antral mucosal pepsin in dogs with chronic ulcer: pathogenesis of cinchophen ulcer. All of the dogs given continuous injection of 100 mg/kg sodium cinchophen for 21 days developed chronic ulcers in the pyloric portion of the stomach. Those dogs given cinchophen exhibited a definite increase in gastric pe... | [
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PMID:14048 | Carcinoembryonic character of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in primary hepatocellular carcinoma. | As a characteristic isoenzyme of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) has been detected in sera of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, which migrates to alpha-globulin region on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, biochemical studies on human fetal liver, Morris hepatoma (7316-A, 7794-A), and human hep... | Carcinoembryonic character of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in primary hepatocellular carcinoma. As a characteristic isoenzyme of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) has been detected in sera of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, which migrates to alpha-globulin region on polyacrylamide-gel electropho... | [
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PMID:14049 | Comparison of lactulose and neomycin in the treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy. A double blind controlled trial. | A randomized double blind clinical comparison of neomycin and lactulose was performed in 33 cirrhotic patients with chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE) at seven cooperating hospitals. In order to maintain double blindness, sorbitol syrup was used as a control solution along with neomycin and was compared with ... | Comparison of lactulose and neomycin in the treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy. A double blind controlled trial. A randomized double blind clinical comparison of neomycin and lactulose was performed in 33 cirrhotic patients with chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE) at seven cooperating hospital... | [
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PMID:14050 | Heartburn of pregnancy. | Lower esophageal sphincter pressure, basal gastric pH, fasting plasma gastrin, and plasma concentrations of estrone, estradiol, and progesterone were measured in pregnant volunteers at 12, 24, and 36 weeks of gestation, and again at 1 to 4 weeks postpartum. In addition, basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretory ... | Heartburn of pregnancy. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure, basal gastric pH, fasting plasma gastrin, and plasma concentrations of estrone, estradiol, and progesterone were measured in pregnant volunteers at 12, 24, and 36 weeks of gestation, and again at 1 to 4 weeks postpartum. In addition, basal and pentagastrin-st... | [
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PMID:14051 | Acid secretion and serum gastrin at graded intragasric pressures in man. | In 16 healthy subjects, gastric distention was produced by infusion of 5% mannitol solution, pH 5.5. Constant intragastric pressure was maintained by use of a barostat. Over successive 1-hr periods the head of pressure was raised in 5-cm increments from an arbitrary zero point to 15 cm. Gastric acid secretion was measu... | Acid secretion and serum gastrin at graded intragasric pressures in man. In 16 healthy subjects, gastric distention was produced by infusion of 5% mannitol solution, pH 5.5. Constant intragastric pressure was maintained by use of a barostat. Over successive 1-hr periods the head of pressure was raised in 5-cm increment... | [
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PMID:14056 | Diurnal variations in the pH of pathological gallbladder bile. | The pH of gallbladder and common duct bile from patients undergoing surgery for cholecystectomy has been measured. The bile was collected and kept anaerobically at 37 degrees C, and the pH measured at 37 degrees C, generally within 30-60 minutes of the bile being taken from the patient. Only data from patients having f... | Diurnal variations in the pH of pathological gallbladder bile. The pH of gallbladder and common duct bile from patients undergoing surgery for cholecystectomy has been measured. The bile was collected and kept anaerobically at 37 degrees C, and the pH measured at 37 degrees C, generally within 30-60 minutes of the bile... | [
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PMID:14057 | Sulphasalazine in asymptomatic Crohn's disease. A multicentre trial. | During a six year period 43 patients with Crohns disease were included in a double-blind controlled trial of sulphasalazine given for one year as a possible treatment for reducing the relapse rate after resection or in asymptomatic patients with established disease. No trend in favour of sulphasalazine over the control... | Sulphasalazine in asymptomatic Crohn's disease. A multicentre trial. During a six year period 43 patients with Crohns disease were included in a double-blind controlled trial of sulphasalazine given for one year as a possible treatment for reducing the relapse rate after resection or in asymptomatic patients with estab... | [
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PMID:14058 | Differences in the reactivities of human urokinase and the porcine tissue plasminogen activator. | It has previously been shown, that large differences exist between the effects of 6-aminohexanoic acid or alpha1-antitrypsin on fibrinolysis caused by a porcine tissue plasminogen activator or by human urokinase, while insignificant differences exist between the effects of a number of natural protease inhibitors on fib... | Differences in the reactivities of human urokinase and the porcine tissue plasminogen activator. It has previously been shown, that large differences exist between the effects of 6-aminohexanoic acid or alpha1-antitrypsin on fibrinolysis caused by a porcine tissue plasminogen activator or by human urokinase, while insi... | [
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PMID:14060 | [Synthesis of norepinephrine from 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine by L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase of the rat brain and kidneys]. | The enzymic decarboxylation of stereoisomers of DOPS was examined using rat brain and kidney decarboxylase. Optimal assay conditions for racemic threo- and racemic erythro-DOPS decarboxylation were determined by the experiments concerning 1) time course, linear for 20 min, 2) optimal pH, pH 8.2, 3) optimal temperature,... | [Synthesis of norepinephrine from 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine by L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase of the rat brain and kidneys]. The enzymic decarboxylation of stereoisomers of DOPS was examined using rat brain and kidney decarboxylase. Optimal assay conditions for racemic threo- and racemic erythro-DOPS decarboxylati... | [
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PMID:14061 | The fermentative production of oxytetracycline on industrial by-products by Streptomyces rimosus 12907. | Three strains of Streptomyces rimosus were grown on four different media. The one suitable for the production of oxytetracycline by Streptomyces rimosus 12907 was modified by black strap molasses, fodder yeast (40% total protein) and rice bran. The volume of the fermentation medium was sealed up in a 1200-litre ferment... | The fermentative production of oxytetracycline on industrial by-products by Streptomyces rimosus 12907. Three strains of Streptomyces rimosus were grown on four different media. The one suitable for the production of oxytetracycline by Streptomyces rimosus 12907 was modified by black strap molasses, fodder yeast (40% t... | [
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PMID:14063 | [Congenital gastrointestinal diseases with manifestations in adulthood]. | A genetic background is discussed in many disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with a disposition in addition to environmental factors. The pathophysiology of most hereditary diseases is unknown although the mode of inheritance is established. Biochemical analysis may show molecular defects or inborn lack of enzymes... | [Congenital gastrointestinal diseases with manifestations in adulthood]. A genetic background is discussed in many disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with a disposition in addition to environmental factors. The pathophysiology of most hereditary diseases is unknown although the mode of inheritance is established. ... | [
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PMID:14064 | [Significance of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase in the diagnosis of liver diseases]. | The serum levels of gamma-GT are raised early in most hepatic disorders. The highest levels usually are found in cholestasis, especially due to malignancy of the liver and the pancreas and in chronic alcoholism and drug abuse. The gamma-GT is not strictly a cholestatic enzyme. The highest score of information is yielde... | [Significance of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase in the diagnosis of liver diseases]. The serum levels of gamma-GT are raised early in most hepatic disorders. The highest levels usually are found in cholestasis, especially due to malignancy of the liver and the pancreas and in chronic alcoholism and drug abuse. The gamma... | [
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PMID:14065 | [Therapy of peptic ulcer and chronic pancreatitis]. | Medical treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcerations has recently been improved and extended by anti-aggressive and protectively acting drugs (e.g., H2-receptor antagonists and carbenoxolone sodium). However, antacids and anticholinergic treatment are still being used in modern ulcer management. The most important the... | [Therapy of peptic ulcer and chronic pancreatitis]. Medical treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcerations has recently been improved and extended by anti-aggressive and protectively acting drugs (e.g., H2-receptor antagonists and carbenoxolone sodium). However, antacids and anticholinergic treatment are still being use... | [
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PMID:14066 | [Paroxysmal alveolar hypoventilation syndrome (author's transl)]. | The case of a 42-year-old female patient with central disturbance of respiration was reported which, contrary to the previously described forms of central alveolar hypoventilation, could be characterized by paroxysmal-like apnoic conditions without any feeling of suffocation. Clinically, initial cardiopulmonary complic... | [Paroxysmal alveolar hypoventilation syndrome (author's transl)]. The case of a 42-year-old female patient with central disturbance of respiration was reported which, contrary to the previously described forms of central alveolar hypoventilation, could be characterized by paroxysmal-like apnoic conditions without any f... | [
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PMID:14067 | [The use of beta-blocking agents in psychiatry and neurology (author's transl)]. | This paper is an up-to-date review of the literature on the subject, as well as of own research. The paper discusses pharmacological and experimental data concerning the central nervous activity of beta-blocking agents. Their use in anxiolysis - in adults and children -, ethological research, their indications in the t... | [The use of beta-blocking agents in psychiatry and neurology (author's transl)]. This paper is an up-to-date review of the literature on the subject, as well as of own research. The paper discusses pharmacological and experimental data concerning the central nervous activity of beta-blocking agents. Their use in anxiol... | [
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PMID:14068 | [Purification and properties of two beta-glycosidases from Cicer arietinum L. with preferential specificity for biochanin A 7-beta-apiosylglucoside (author's transl)]. | Four different beta-glycosidases have been separated from leaves of chick pea plants, Cicer arietinum L., by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. One is specific for isoflavone 7-beta-glucosides and has been described elsewhere. Two others showed very similar protein properties and identical catalytic activities. They have b... | [Purification and properties of two beta-glycosidases from Cicer arietinum L. with preferential specificity for biochanin A 7-beta-apiosylglucoside (author's transl)]. Four different beta-glycosidases have been separated from leaves of chick pea plants, Cicer arietinum L., by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. One is speci... | [
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PMID:14069 | Effects of yeast proteinase A, proteinase B and carboxypeptidase Y on yeast phosphofructokinase. | Incubation of a crude yeast extract containing phosphofructokinase with proteinase A, proteinase B or carboxypeptidase Y gave the following results: Proteinase B and carboxypeptidase Y did not change the activity of phosphofructokinase during incubation. On the other hand, incubation with proteinase A resulted in a 40-... | Effects of yeast proteinase A, proteinase B and carboxypeptidase Y on yeast phosphofructokinase. Incubation of a crude yeast extract containing phosphofructokinase with proteinase A, proteinase B or carboxypeptidase Y gave the following results: Proteinase B and carboxypeptidase Y did not change the activity of phospho... | [
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PMID:14070 | Species distribution and properties of hepatic phenylalanine (histidine):pyruvate aminotransferase. | Hepatic phenylalanine(histidine):pyruvate aminotransferase activity is much higher in the mouse and rat than in other animal species (human, guinea-pig, rabbit, pig, dog and chicken). The activity is elevated in the mouse and rat by the injection of glucagon but not in other species (guinea-pig, rabbit and chicken). Th... | Species distribution and properties of hepatic phenylalanine (histidine):pyruvate aminotransferase. Hepatic phenylalanine(histidine):pyruvate aminotransferase activity is much higher in the mouse and rat than in other animal species (human, guinea-pig, rabbit, pig, dog and chicken). The activity is elevated in the mous... | [
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PMID:14071 | Catecholamines, adrenal hormones, and stress. | From its beginnings about a century ago, research into the mechanisms underlying the stress response has led by many avenues to the adrenal medulla and its chromaffin cells. The latter possess cholinergic synapses that, when activated by a wide variety of stimuli, trigger discharge of catecholamines directly into the b... | Catecholamines, adrenal hormones, and stress. From its beginnings about a century ago, research into the mechanisms underlying the stress response has led by many avenues to the adrenal medulla and its chromaffin cells. The latter possess cholinergic synapses that, when activated by a wide variety of stimuli, trigger d... | [
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PMID:14072 | Atmospheric stability in cell culture vessels. | We have investigated that atmospheric stability in polystyrene and glass cell culture vessels by measuring the dissolved O2 and CO2 in the media of both seeded and unseeded culture vessels incubated at 37 degrees C. There was no diffusion of either O2 or CO2 through glass vessels. At low partial pressures of oxygen (PO... | Atmospheric stability in cell culture vessels. We have investigated that atmospheric stability in polystyrene and glass cell culture vessels by measuring the dissolved O2 and CO2 in the media of both seeded and unseeded culture vessels incubated at 37 degrees C. There was no diffusion of either O2 or CO2 through glass ... | [
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PMID:14073 | Culture of fetal mouse liver in plastic chambers: a new technique for organ culture. | A new technique for organ culture which uses plastic culture chambers and the advantages of the cellophane-sheet technique is described with the results of a study of cultivations of fetal mouse liver. Two chambers, each containing cells, were placed in gas permeable roller tubes and rotated at 0.1 rpm in a CO2-air gas... | Culture of fetal mouse liver in plastic chambers: a new technique for organ culture. A new technique for organ culture which uses plastic culture chambers and the advantages of the cellophane-sheet technique is described with the results of a study of cultivations of fetal mouse liver. Two chambers, each containing cel... | [
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PMID:14076 | The antihypertensive effect of lexotan (bromazepam)- a new benzodiazepine derivative. | Clinical observations led to the assumption that there is an antihypertensive effect of bromazepam in patients suffering from mild benign hypertension. Because of this observation we studied the antihypertensive effect of bromazepam by means of a standardized simple submaximal ergometric load performed weekly over a 4-... | The antihypertensive effect of lexotan (bromazepam)- a new benzodiazepine derivative. Clinical observations led to the assumption that there is an antihypertensive effect of bromazepam in patients suffering from mild benign hypertension. Because of this observation we studied the antihypertensive effect of bromazepam b... | [
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PMID:14078 | Studies on groundnut proteins. VI. Isolation, characterisation and hydrogen ion titration of conarachin II. | A method is described for isolating conarachin II in a homogeneous form by the techniques of DEAE-cellulose chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sedimentation velocity. The protein contains 0.72% carbohydrate and no phosphate. Hydrogen ion titration curve indicated that the sidechain carboxyl, imidazo... | Studies on groundnut proteins. VI. Isolation, characterisation and hydrogen ion titration of conarachin II. A method is described for isolating conarachin II in a homogeneous form by the techniques of DEAE-cellulose chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sedimentation velocity. The protein contains 0.72... | [
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PMID:14079 | Reaction of bovine and equine growth hormones with tetranitromethane. | Bovine and equine growth hormones were chemically modified with tetranitromethane, at pH 7.4 during 5 h and at pH 8.0 in the presence of 8 M urea during 1 h. a) Both hormones have very similar but not identical reactivities. b) The nitration of the reactive tyrosines and tryptophan residues at pH 7.4 produces no detect... | Reaction of bovine and equine growth hormones with tetranitromethane. Bovine and equine growth hormones were chemically modified with tetranitromethane, at pH 7.4 during 5 h and at pH 8.0 in the presence of 8 M urea during 1 h. a) Both hormones have very similar but not identical reactivities. b) The nitration of the r... | [
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PMID:14080 | The secondary structure of histone IV and its stability. | The secondary structure within histone IV and its fragments obtained by cyanogen bromide (CNBr) and cleavage at Met 84 has been examined by circular dichroism and spectophotometric pH titration measurements. These studies have confirmed the existence of stable secondary structure within the C-terminal fragment of histo... | The secondary structure of histone IV and its stability. The secondary structure within histone IV and its fragments obtained by cyanogen bromide (CNBr) and cleavage at Met 84 has been examined by circular dichroism and spectophotometric pH titration measurements. These studies have confirmed the existence of stable se... | [
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PMID:14081 | Effect of clamping of the renal vein in dogs on certain biochemical and histopathological changes. | Experimental investigations were carried out on dogs in which the renal vein was clamped for a period of 15 min, 30, and 60 min consecutively. It has been found that clamping of the renal vein for 15 min results in tissue anoxia and degeneration of the epithelium of the renal tubules. Clamping for 60 min causes cellula... | Effect of clamping of the renal vein in dogs on certain biochemical and histopathological changes. Experimental investigations were carried out on dogs in which the renal vein was clamped for a period of 15 min, 30, and 60 min consecutively. It has been found that clamping of the renal vein for 15 min results in tissue... | [
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PMID:14082 | Gastric secretion. | This review has attempted to cover some of the findings that have been made in the mechanism of gastric secretion in recent years. It is hard to offer any firm conclusions, whether at the level of stimulus, metabolism, or the terminal process of secretion. However, some generalizations may be possible. At least amphibi... | Gastric secretion. This review has attempted to cover some of the findings that have been made in the mechanism of gastric secretion in recent years. It is hard to offer any firm conclusions, whether at the level of stimulus, metabolism, or the terminal process of secretion. However, some generalizations may be possibl... | [
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... |
PMID:14089 | Cellular immune competence in patients with malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. | The local graft-vs-host reaction (GVHR) test was used to assess the cellular immune competence of lymphocytes obtained from 29 patients with malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract before and after removal of the tumor. Prior to removal most patients showed impairment of cellular immune competence; 10 to 14 days... | Cellular immune competence in patients with malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The local graft-vs-host reaction (GVHR) test was used to assess the cellular immune competence of lymphocytes obtained from 29 patients with malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract before and after removal of the tumor. P... | [
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PMID:14086 | The impact of a physician assistant in diagnostic radiology [PA-DR] on the delivery of diagnostic radiologic clincial services. | A program to train highly selected, experienced radiologic technologists to become Physician Assistants in Diagnostic Radiology [PA-DRs] was initiated at the University of Kentucky Medical Center in 1970. The initial postgraduate year of employment in several different radiologic environments for the first twelve train... | The impact of a physician assistant in diagnostic radiology [PA-DR] on the delivery of diagnostic radiologic clincial services. A program to train highly selected, experienced radiologic technologists to become Physician Assistants in Diagnostic Radiology [PA-DRs] was initiated at the University of Kentucky Medical Cen... | [
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