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PMID:15102 | Active form of ketamine in squid giant axons. | The active form of ketamine has been studied with internally perfused squid qiant axons. The drug was applied internally, and decreases in peak transient and steady-state conductances as measured by voltage clamp technique were taken as an index of activity. When the total internal ketamine concentration was maintained... | Active form of ketamine in squid giant axons. The active form of ketamine has been studied with internally perfused squid qiant axons. The drug was applied internally, and decreases in peak transient and steady-state conductances as measured by voltage clamp technique were taken as an index of activity. When the total ... | [
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PMID:15103 | Uptake of uric acid by separated renal tubules of the rabbit. I. Characteristics of transport. | A rapid filtration procedure was used to determine rates of uric acid uptake by a preparation of separated renal cortical tubules of the rabbit. The rate of uric acid uptake was temperature dependent and showed saturation kinetics with a K of 3.2 mM. The uptake was 50% lower when measured under nitrogen as compared wit... | Uptake of uric acid by separated renal tubules of the rabbit. I. Characteristics of transport. A rapid filtration procedure was used to determine rates of uric acid uptake by a preparation of separated renal cortical tubules of the rabbit. The rate of uric acid uptake was temperature dependent and showed saturation kin... | [
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PMID:15104 | Further evaluation of the discriminative effects of morphine in the rat. | Rats were trained in a two-choice discrete trial avoidance paradigm to discriminate between saline and 3.0 mg/kg of morphine. Behavior was considered to be under stimulus ocntrol when the rats completed at least 90% of the trials in a 20-trial session on the morphine-appropriate choice lever after receiving morphine an... | Further evaluation of the discriminative effects of morphine in the rat. Rats were trained in a two-choice discrete trial avoidance paradigm to discriminate between saline and 3.0 mg/kg of morphine. Behavior was considered to be under stimulus ocntrol when the rats completed at least 90% of the trials in a 20-trial ses... | [
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PMID:15105 | Discriminative effects of morphine in the squirrel monkey. | Squirrel monkeys were trained in a two-choice discrete trial avoidance task to discriminate between intramuscular injections of saline and 3.0 mg/kg of morphine. Morphine (0.1-10 mg/kg) produced a dose-related increase in the number of trials completed on the morphine-appropriate lever. The stimulus control produced by... | Discriminative effects of morphine in the squirrel monkey. Squirrel monkeys were trained in a two-choice discrete trial avoidance task to discriminate between intramuscular injections of saline and 3.0 mg/kg of morphine. Morphine (0.1-10 mg/kg) produced a dose-related increase in the number of trials completed on the m... | [
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PMID:15108 | Control of hepatic and intestinal blood flow: effect of isovolaemic haemodilution on blood flow and oxygen uptake in the intact liver and intestines. | 1. Limited isovolaemic haemodilution was produced in cats by addition of dextran 75-Ringer solution to an extracorporeal blood reservoir connected in series with the cat. Total hepatic venous outflow was neasured using a hepatic venous long-circuit and hepatic arterial flow was measured with an electromagnetic flow pro... | Control of hepatic and intestinal blood flow: effect of isovolaemic haemodilution on blood flow and oxygen uptake in the intact liver and intestines. 1. Limited isovolaemic haemodilution was produced in cats by addition of dextran 75-Ringer solution to an extracorporeal blood reservoir connected in series with the cat.... | [
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PMID:15109 | The measurement of distortion: theoretical considerations. | When very find measurements are recorded for the purpose of establishing distortion values, from the standpoint of accuracy, specific procedures must be developed. In the procedural system defined here, a potential major source of error is indicated and the means of overcoming this error established. From the standpoin... | The measurement of distortion: theoretical considerations. When very find measurements are recorded for the purpose of establishing distortion values, from the standpoint of accuracy, specific procedures must be developed. In the procedural system defined here, a potential major source of error is indicated and the mea... | [
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PMID:15110 | Cathepsin D activity in bovine articular cartilage, synovial membrane and fluid: degradation of cartilage proteoglycans from same joint. | Cathepsin D type proteases were extracted from articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and synovial fluid from normal, adult bovine knee joints. A sensitive enzyme assay made it possible to measure protease activity in the different tissues from individual joints. Highest activity was found in the synovial membrane, wh... | Cathepsin D activity in bovine articular cartilage, synovial membrane and fluid: degradation of cartilage proteoglycans from same joint. Cathepsin D type proteases were extracted from articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and synovial fluid from normal, adult bovine knee joints. A sensitive enzyme assay made it possi... | [
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PMID:15111 | 3-Halo-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidines, a nonbenzodiazepinoid class of antianxiety agents devoid of potentiation of central nervous system depressant effects of ethanol or barbiturates. | Forty derivatives (1-40) of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine were synthesized and evaluated for antianxiety properties via gross behavioral observations in rats. Five of these compounds, including 5,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (6) and the 3-fluoro (7), 3-chloro (8), 3-bromo (9), and 3-iodo (10) derivatives, were selec... | 3-Halo-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidines, a nonbenzodiazepinoid class of antianxiety agents devoid of potentiation of central nervous system depressant effects of ethanol or barbiturates. Forty derivatives (1-40) of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine were synthesized and evaluated for antianxiety properties via gross beha... | [
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PMID:15112 | Synthesis and adrenergic beta-blocking activity of some 1,3-benzodioxole derivatives. | A series of 1,3-benzodioxole derivatives was synthesized. We found four compounds (2,3,10 and 11 in Table IV) to have about the same order of beta-blocking activity as that of sotalol. In addition, it is of interest that some of the compounds (2-4) were found to have hypotensive activites, although they were about one-... | Synthesis and adrenergic beta-blocking activity of some 1,3-benzodioxole derivatives. A series of 1,3-benzodioxole derivatives was synthesized. We found four compounds (2,3,10 and 11 in Table IV) to have about the same order of beta-blocking activity as that of sotalol. In addition, it is of interest that some of the c... | [
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PMID:15113 | Beta-adrenoceptor studies. 2. Effects of alkyl substitution on beta-adrenoceptor blocking, antiarrhythmic, and local anesthetic activities of 1,1'-(o-phenylenedioxy)bis(3-isopropylamino-2-propanol). | A series of bis(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropyl) ethers of nuclear-substituted catechols (1-7) has been synthesized and examined in vitro for beta-adrenoceptor blocking activity, antagonism of ouabain-induced arrhythmias, and local anesthetic activity. Both tracheal and right atrial beta-adrenoceptor blocking activity... | Beta-adrenoceptor studies. 2. Effects of alkyl substitution on beta-adrenoceptor blocking, antiarrhythmic, and local anesthetic activities of 1,1'-(o-phenylenedioxy)bis(3-isopropylamino-2-propanol). A series of bis(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropyl) ethers of nuclear-substituted catechols (1-7) has been synthesized and ... | [
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PMID:15114 | Synthesis and hypoglycemic activity of S-acyl derivatives of 3-mercaptopicolinic acid. | A series of S-alkanoyl and benzoyl derivatives of 3-mercaptopicolinic acid (3-MPA) was prepared and studied for hypoglycemic activity. Three alkanoyl derivatives (propionyl, pivaloyl, and 1-adamantanecarbonyl, 19-21) were prepared with increasing bulk around the thio ester bond. The benzoyl derivatives contained aromat... | Synthesis and hypoglycemic activity of S-acyl derivatives of 3-mercaptopicolinic acid. A series of S-alkanoyl and benzoyl derivatives of 3-mercaptopicolinic acid (3-MPA) was prepared and studied for hypoglycemic activity. Three alkanoyl derivatives (propionyl, pivaloyl, and 1-adamantanecarbonyl, 19-21) were prepared wi... | [
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PMID:15115 | Relative concentrations of zwitterionic and uncharged species in catecholamines and the effect of N-substituents. | The relative concentrations of zwitterionic and uncharged species for the series of N-substituted catecholamines (I, R1 = R2 = OH; R = H, Me, Et, i-Pr, t-Bu) are derived from the pKa data published in 1962 by Sinistri and Villa. The concentration ratios, represented by the tautomeric equilibrium constant Kt, show a def... | Relative concentrations of zwitterionic and uncharged species in catecholamines and the effect of N-substituents. The relative concentrations of zwitterionic and uncharged species for the series of N-substituted catecholamines (I, R1 = R2 = OH; R = H, Me, Et, i-Pr, t-Bu) are derived from the pKa data published in 1962 ... | [
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PMID:15123 | Interviewing skills: a comprehensive approach to teaching and evaluation. | Evaluation procedures utilizing standardized interviews scored by means of a formal objective rating system which make it possible to measure the interviewing skills of health professional students have been developed in recent years. These procedures have been used in the Child Health Associate Program at the Universi... | Interviewing skills: a comprehensive approach to teaching and evaluation. Evaluation procedures utilizing standardized interviews scored by means of a formal objective rating system which make it possible to measure the interviewing skills of health professional students have been developed in recent years. These proce... | [
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PMID:15124 | Evaluation of a child health associate program. | The staff of the University of Colorado Child Health Associate Program critically reviewed the effectiveness of the program's structure and content during an intensive two-day seminar. The review was conducted through workshops involving participants representing students, graduates, faculty, employers, funding agencie... | Evaluation of a child health associate program. The staff of the University of Colorado Child Health Associate Program critically reviewed the effectiveness of the program's structure and content during an intensive two-day seminar. The review was conducted through workshops involving participants representing students... | [
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PMID:15125 | A protonmotive force as the source of energy for galactoside transport in energy depleted Escherichia coli. | An artificially produced electrochemical potential difference for protons (portonmotive force) provided the energy for the transport of galactosides in Escherichia coli cells which were depleted of their endogenous energy reserves. The driving force for the entry of protons was provided by either a transmembrane pH gra... | A protonmotive force as the source of energy for galactoside transport in energy depleted Escherichia coli. An artificially produced electrochemical potential difference for protons (portonmotive force) provided the energy for the transport of galactosides in Escherichia coli cells which were depleted of their endogeno... | [
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PMID:15126 | Studies on the cation permeability of human red cell ghosts. Characterization and biological significance of two membrane sites with high affinities for Ca. | Net K movements in reconstituted human red cell ghosts and the resealing of ghosts to cations after osmotic hemolysis of red cells have been studied as functions of the free Ca ion concentration. The Ca-dependent specific increase in K permeability was shown to be mediated by a site close to the internal surface of the... | Studies on the cation permeability of human red cell ghosts. Characterization and biological significance of two membrane sites with high affinities for Ca. Net K movements in reconstituted human red cell ghosts and the resealing of ghosts to cations after osmotic hemolysis of red cells have been studied as functions o... | [
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PMID:15129 | Enhancement of 5-iododeoxyuridine-induced endogenous C-type virus activation by polycyclic hydrocarbons: apparent lack of parallelism between enhancement and carcinogenicity. | When mouse MLg cells were treated with 3-methylcholanthrene or 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene in the presence of microsomal enzymes and NADPH after 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUDR) treatment, the induction rate of the endogenous C-type virus was increased fivefold to sixfold in comparison with the culture treated with IUD... | Enhancement of 5-iododeoxyuridine-induced endogenous C-type virus activation by polycyclic hydrocarbons: apparent lack of parallelism between enhancement and carcinogenicity. When mouse MLg cells were treated with 3-methylcholanthrene or 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene in the presence of microsomal enzymes and NADPH... | [
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PMID:15130 | Lack of influence of hypophysectomy on estrogen-induced DNA synthesis in Leydig cells of BALB/c mice. | In mice of strains susceptible to Leydig cell tumor induction, treatment with estrogens induced a "spurt" of DNA synthesis within the first few days. This synthetic activity generally subsided, until areas of Leydig cell hyperplasia developed several months later. Autoradiographic and quantitative biochemical studies i... | Lack of influence of hypophysectomy on estrogen-induced DNA synthesis in Leydig cells of BALB/c mice. In mice of strains susceptible to Leydig cell tumor induction, treatment with estrogens induced a "spurt" of DNA synthesis within the first few days. This synthetic activity generally subsided, until areas of Leydig ce... | [
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PMID:15131 | Effect of hyperthermia and environmental acidity on the proteolytic activity in murine ascites tumor cells. | The influence of hyperthermia and environmental pH on proteolytic activity was studied in murine ascites tumor cells in vitro. PNJ ascites tumor cells were incubated with [125I]cytochrome c at 42.5 or 37 degrees C in a modified Krebs-Ringer buffer adjusted to pH 7.2 or 6.4. Incubation at normal temperature at pH 6.4 an... | Effect of hyperthermia and environmental acidity on the proteolytic activity in murine ascites tumor cells. The influence of hyperthermia and environmental pH on proteolytic activity was studied in murine ascites tumor cells in vitro. PNJ ascites tumor cells were incubated with [125I]cytochrome c at 42.5 or 37 degrees ... | [
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PMID:15132 | Nature of the delayed graft-versus-host reactivity of fetal liver cell transplants in mice. | Experiments were designed to determine which actual differences in the cellular composition between fetal liver and bone marrow account for the distinct types of graft-versus-host (GvH) disease. The assay of reactive lymphocytes (by in vitro mitogenic stimulation) in fetal liver transplants in mice, the purification of... | Nature of the delayed graft-versus-host reactivity of fetal liver cell transplants in mice. Experiments were designed to determine which actual differences in the cellular composition between fetal liver and bone marrow account for the distinct types of graft-versus-host (GvH) disease. The assay of reactive lymphocytes... | [
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PMID:15133 | Characterization of group H streptococcal temperate bacteriophage phi 227. | phi 227, a temperate phage from a group H streptococcus (Streptococcus sanguis), was propagated vegetatively in group H strain Wicky 4-EryR, and its characteristics were determined. A procedure dependent on multiplicity of infection, incubation time, and treatment of crude lysates with diatomaceous earth was found to o... | Characterization of group H streptococcal temperate bacteriophage phi 227. phi 227, a temperate phage from a group H streptococcus (Streptococcus sanguis), was propagated vegetatively in group H strain Wicky 4-EryR, and its characteristics were determined. A procedure dependent on multiplicity of infection, incubation ... | [
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PMID:15134 | Characterization of components released by alkali disruption of simian virus 40. | Treatment of simian virus 40 (SV40) particles at pH 9.8 in the presence of 1 mM dithiothreitol for 5 min at 37 degrees C disrupted the virions into a 60S DNA-protein complex and DNA-free 7S protein particles. The DNA-protein complex contained approximately equal amounts of DNA and protein, and appeared by electron micr... | Characterization of components released by alkali disruption of simian virus 40. Treatment of simian virus 40 (SV40) particles at pH 9.8 in the presence of 1 mM dithiothreitol for 5 min at 37 degrees C disrupted the virions into a 60S DNA-protein complex and DNA-free 7S protein particles. The DNA-protein complex contai... | [
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PMID:15135 | Temperature-sensitive defect of vesicular stomatitis virus in complementation group II. | The prototype member of the complementation group II temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus, ts II 052, has been investigated. In ts II 052-infected HeLa cells at the restrictive temperature (39.5 degrees C), reduced viral RNA synthesis was observed by comparison with infections conducted at t... | Temperature-sensitive defect of vesicular stomatitis virus in complementation group II. The prototype member of the complementation group II temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus, ts II 052, has been investigated. In ts II 052-infected HeLa cells at the restrictive temperature (39.5 degrees C... | [
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PMID:15136 | Receptor interaction between eastern equine encephalitis virus and chicken embryo fibroblasts. | The attachment of eastern equine encephalitis virus to chicken embryo fibroblasts was studied at 0 degrees C. The binding specifically responsible for initiating infection was studied in the initial experiments by employing plaque-forming ability as the measured response. Results from these initial studies were closely... | Receptor interaction between eastern equine encephalitis virus and chicken embryo fibroblasts. The attachment of eastern equine encephalitis virus to chicken embryo fibroblasts was studied at 0 degrees C. The binding specifically responsible for initiating infection was studied in the initial experiments by employing p... | [
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PMID:15137 | Priapism: evolution of management in 48 patients in a 22-year series. | The choice of an effective method to treat priapism is challenging because precise causes in the majority of patients have not been well defined. A review of 48 patients treated during a 22-year period shows evolution of a regimen of management that has yielded a high percentage of success. Idiopathic priapism and sick... | Priapism: evolution of management in 48 patients in a 22-year series. The choice of an effective method to treat priapism is challenging because precise causes in the majority of patients have not been well defined. A review of 48 patients treated during a 22-year period shows evolution of a regimen of management that ... | [
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PMID:15139 | Venographic localization of the non-palpable undescended testis in children. | In cases of bilateral non-palpable undescended testes in which human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation has shown the presence of testicular tissue and in cases of unilateral non-palpable undescended testes selective transfemoral gonadal venography with a modified Seldinger technique has been used for the preoperative ... | Venographic localization of the non-palpable undescended testis in children. In cases of bilateral non-palpable undescended testes in which human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation has shown the presence of testicular tissue and in cases of unilateral non-palpable undescended testes selective transfemoral gonadal venog... | [
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PMID:15141 | The effects of glucose infusion on myocardial performance during acute hypoxia. | The effects of hypoxia with or without glucose infusion on the cardiac contractility, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, blood electrolytes (sodium and potassium), glucose, pH, Po2, and Pco2 in anesthetized dogs were studied. Hypoxia was induced by ventilating the dogs with reduced oxygen (10%) in the inspired air. Hyp... | The effects of glucose infusion on myocardial performance during acute hypoxia. The effects of hypoxia with or without glucose infusion on the cardiac contractility, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, blood electrolytes (sodium and potassium), glucose, pH, Po2, and Pco2 in anesthetized dogs were studied. Hypoxia was in... | [
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PMID:15142 | Effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents on the blood pressure, plasma renin activity and hemodynamics of hypertensive patients. | Changes in blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and hemodynamic components were studied in 23 patients with essential hypertension treated with oral pindolol or propranolol. These beta-adrenergic blocking agents effectively lowered the blood pressure in the majority of the patients. Although plasma renin activity was... | Effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents on the blood pressure, plasma renin activity and hemodynamics of hypertensive patients. Changes in blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and hemodynamic components were studied in 23 patients with essential hypertension treated with oral pindolol or propranolol. These beta-ad... | [
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PMID:15147 | [Metabolism of tetrachloroethylene in guinea pigs (author's transl)]. | Tetrachloroethylene oxide was chemically prepared from tetrachloroethylene, and the metabolites of the oxide in guinea pigs were analyzed by gaschromatography and Fujiwara reaction. The results obtained are as follows: 1) Trichloroacetic acid appeared in gaschromatogram after injection of tetrachloroethylene oxide, but... | [Metabolism of tetrachloroethylene in guinea pigs (author's transl)]. Tetrachloroethylene oxide was chemically prepared from tetrachloroethylene, and the metabolites of the oxide in guinea pigs were analyzed by gaschromatography and Fujiwara reaction. The results obtained are as follows: 1) Trichloroacetic acid appeare... | [
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PMID:15148 | Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as a diagnostic aid in the periodic health examination. | Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is one of the enzymes in diagnosis of liver diseases, since a new colorimetric method was devised by Orlowski, M. et al. Forty mU/ml of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity is said to be the upper limit at clinical level. When this value is set up as a screening level in the ... | Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as a diagnostic aid in the periodic health examination. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is one of the enzymes in diagnosis of liver diseases, since a new colorimetric method was devised by Orlowski, M. et al. Forty mU/ml of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity is said to ... | [
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PMID:15149 | [Studies on the adsorption removal of ammonia gas. 1) Adsorption of ammonia gas on several kinds of activated carbons (author's transl)]. | The present study was designed to secure some fundamental informations on the adsorption removal of ammonia gas by the static method. In order to find out the suitable activated carbons for the adsorption removal of ammonia gas, amounts of ammonia gas adsorbed on twelve kinds of activated carbons were measured at 30 de... | [Studies on the adsorption removal of ammonia gas. 1) Adsorption of ammonia gas on several kinds of activated carbons (author's transl)]. The present study was designed to secure some fundamental informations on the adsorption removal of ammonia gas by the static method. In order to find out the suitable activated carb... | [
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PMID:15153 | Effects of bufetolol and propranolol on active and passive membrane properties of dog papillary muscle. | Effects of bufetolol and propranolol, adrenergic beta-receptor blocking and anti-arrhythmic drugs, on active and passive membrane properties of the dog papillary muscle were investigated with microelectrode and sucrose-gap methods. Bufetolol (10(-5) to 10(-4) g/ml) and propranolol (10(-6) g/ml) significantly decreased ... | Effects of bufetolol and propranolol on active and passive membrane properties of dog papillary muscle. Effects of bufetolol and propranolol, adrenergic beta-receptor blocking and anti-arrhythmic drugs, on active and passive membrane properties of the dog papillary muscle were investigated with microelectrode and sucro... | [
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PMID:15154 | Effects of L-glutamine on acetylsalycylic acid induced gastric lesions and acid back diffusion in dogs. | Effects of L-glutamine on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-induced gastric mucosal lesions were studied in mongrel dogs. It was confirmed that when oral ASA at 1.0 or 2.0 g per dog is given in two divided doses, there is severe and consistent dose-dependent mucosal damage in the glandular portion of the stomach in fasted dog... | Effects of L-glutamine on acetylsalycylic acid induced gastric lesions and acid back diffusion in dogs. Effects of L-glutamine on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-induced gastric mucosal lesions were studied in mongrel dogs. It was confirmed that when oral ASA at 1.0 or 2.0 g per dog is given in two divided doses, there is s... | [
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PMID:15157 | Complement-independent nephrotoxic nephritis in the guinea pig. | Immunologic mechanisms of proteinuria were investigated in guinea pigs (GP) injected with sheep antiserum (NTS) to GP glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Linear deposition of sheep gamma 1 and gamma 2 IgG led to a prompt but transient (36 hr) increase in albumin excretion from control values of 0.026 +/- 0.013 mg/hr to... | Complement-independent nephrotoxic nephritis in the guinea pig. Immunologic mechanisms of proteinuria were investigated in guinea pigs (GP) injected with sheep antiserum (NTS) to GP glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Linear deposition of sheep gamma 1 and gamma 2 IgG led to a prompt but transient (36 hr) increase in a... | [
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PMID:15159 | [Chloroquine keratopathy as an example of drug-induced phospholipidosis (contribution to the pathogenesis of cornea verticillata) (author's transl)]. | Chronic treatment with certain drugs induces morphological alterations in the eye which are histologically and electron microscopically identical with those found in hereditary lipidoses (cornea verticillata, e.g. in M. Fabry). Hereditary storage diseases are the consequence of enzyme defects, the mechanism underlying ... | [Chloroquine keratopathy as an example of drug-induced phospholipidosis (contribution to the pathogenesis of cornea verticillata) (author's transl)]. Chronic treatment with certain drugs induces morphological alterations in the eye which are histologically and electron microscopically identical with those found in here... | [
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PMID:15163 | Carbon tetrachloride-induced changes in mixed function oxidases and microsomal cytochromes in the rat lung. | The effects of a single exposure, by gastric intubation or inhalation, to carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) on rat lungs were assessed. By 1 to 7 days, focal areas of alveolar collapse, septal edema, and modification of type II pneumonocytes were observed. By 24 hours after exposure to the toxin, there were no identifiable c... | Carbon tetrachloride-induced changes in mixed function oxidases and microsomal cytochromes in the rat lung. The effects of a single exposure, by gastric intubation or inhalation, to carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) on rat lungs were assessed. By 1 to 7 days, focal areas of alveolar collapse, septal edema, and modification o... | [
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PMID:15164 | Acid hydrolases. Assay of activity and latency in the varied mixed cell populations of canine gastric mucosa. | The specific enzymic properties, membrane or particle binding capacities, and the total activities of certain acid hydrolases, including cathepsin D, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, and five acid glycosidases have been compared in normal canine antral and fundic mucosae and in liver. The two major regions of the gastr... | Acid hydrolases. Assay of activity and latency in the varied mixed cell populations of canine gastric mucosa. The specific enzymic properties, membrane or particle binding capacities, and the total activities of certain acid hydrolases, including cathepsin D, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, and five acid glycosidases ... | [
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PMID:15165 | An evaluation of the immune state in leprosy. | An evaluation of the immune state in leprosy was done by the application of a system of graft-versus-host reaction. Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from patients with different forms of leprosy and from normal healthy individuals were injected intravenously into the irradiated mice. The rate of blast transformati... | An evaluation of the immune state in leprosy. An evaluation of the immune state in leprosy was done by the application of a system of graft-versus-host reaction. Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from patients with different forms of leprosy and from normal healthy individuals were injected intravenously into the i... | [
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PMID:15161 | [Intestinal autoflora of the test subjects in a 6-month biological engineering experiment]. | During a 6-month bioengineering experiment the intestinal microflora of four test subjects was examined. Changes in the composition of different groups of intestinal microflora (bifidobacteria, lactic-acid bacteria, sporogenous anaerobes, proteus, etc) were found. In spite of the unstable pattern of the intestinal micr... | [Intestinal autoflora of the test subjects in a 6-month biological engineering experiment]. During a 6-month bioengineering experiment the intestinal microflora of four test subjects was examined. Changes in the composition of different groups of intestinal microflora (bifidobacteria, lactic-acid bacteria, sporogenous ... | [
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PMID:15162 | [Sensitivity of animals to central nervous system stimulants in hypokinesia]. | The experiments were carried out on 1150 non-inbred white male rats weighing 200+/-50 g. The animals were housed in small cages for 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Control rats remained normally active. The experimental and control animals were given a typical diet. On the above days the rats were injected intraperit... | [Sensitivity of animals to central nervous system stimulants in hypokinesia]. The experiments were carried out on 1150 non-inbred white male rats weighing 200+/-50 g. The animals were housed in small cages for 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Control rats remained normally active. The experimental and control animals ... | [
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PMID:15169 | Immunohistochemical studies on the localization and distribution of monoamine neuron systems in the rat brain II. Tyrosine hydroxylase in the telencephalon. | Extensive plexuses of TH-positive nerve terminals were found in many parts of the telencephalon, mainly confined to the subcortical and limbic cortical structures. Of special interest were the distinct networks of varying densities in the amygdaloid cortex, the entorhinal cortex, the prepiriform cortex, the anterior ci... | Immunohistochemical studies on the localization and distribution of monoamine neuron systems in the rat brain II. Tyrosine hydroxylase in the telencephalon. Extensive plexuses of TH-positive nerve terminals were found in many parts of the telencephalon, mainly confined to the subcortical and limbic cortical structures.... | [
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PMID:15170 | pH-dependency in diffusion of some weakly acidic drugs, warfarin, sulfaethidole, and barbital, into organic phases. | The diffusion of three weakly acidic drugs (warfarin, sulfaethidole, and barbital) in cyclohexane-buffer and n-octanol-buffer systems was studied by two different methods; shaking and model cell type of experimentation. At low pH values the drugs moved generally more readily into the organic phases than at higher pH. M... | pH-dependency in diffusion of some weakly acidic drugs, warfarin, sulfaethidole, and barbital, into organic phases. The diffusion of three weakly acidic drugs (warfarin, sulfaethidole, and barbital) in cyclohexane-buffer and n-octanol-buffer systems was studied by two different methods; shaking and model cell type of e... | [
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PMID:15177 | Involvement of cytochrome b5 in the oxidative desaturation of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid in rat liver microsomes. | The effects of antibodies against microsomal electron-transport components on the in vitro activity of delta6-desaturation of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid have been studied in intact microsomal membranes of rat liver. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide... | Involvement of cytochrome b5 in the oxidative desaturation of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid in rat liver microsomes. The effects of antibodies against microsomal electron-transport components on the in vitro activity of delta6-desaturation of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid have been studied in intact mic... | [
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PMID:15178 | Glycerokinase in human adipose tissue. | The presence of glycerokinase has been demonstrated in human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The enzyme reaction showed a linear time course for 5 min at 30 C and pH optima at pH 7.6 and 9.0. Saturation of the enzyme was observed at 1.8 mM adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the double reciprocal plot of activity... | Glycerokinase in human adipose tissue. The presence of glycerokinase has been demonstrated in human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The enzyme reaction showed a linear time course for 5 min at 30 C and pH optima at pH 7.6 and 9.0. Saturation of the enzyme was observed at 1.8 mM adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and... | [
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PMID:15181 | Some respiratory and metabolic effects of exercise in moderately obese men. | The effects of varying levels of exercise on oxygen uptake, CO2 production, blood pressure, arterial blood gasses, and arterial concentrations of glucose, insulin, and growth hormone were examined in ten normal weight and ten moderately overweight young men. At comparable external work loads with a bicycle ergometer, t... | Some respiratory and metabolic effects of exercise in moderately obese men. The effects of varying levels of exercise on oxygen uptake, CO2 production, blood pressure, arterial blood gasses, and arterial concentrations of glucose, insulin, and growth hormone were examined in ten normal weight and ten moderately overwei... | [
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PMID:15198 | Paradoxical reaction to a new minor tranquilizer. | This case report demonstrates that paradoxical reactions to the benzodiazepine class of minor tranquilizer can occur, and that lorazepam, a new derivative, is not free from this effect. It also lends support to the hypothesis that such reactions may be precipitated by a frustrating stimulus, and this has clinical relev... | Paradoxical reaction to a new minor tranquilizer. This case report demonstrates that paradoxical reactions to the benzodiazepine class of minor tranquilizer can occur, and that lorazepam, a new derivative, is not free from this effect. It also lends support to the hypothesis that such reactions may be precipitated by a... | [
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PMID:15207 | Enzyme transformations. | The paper briefly discusses the current theories on the processes underlying the transformation of the catalytic activity of a number of enzymes. The phenomenon of transformation, which is induced by mild chemical effects acting on a protein, is of interest both from the point of view of the investigation of its molecu... | Enzyme transformations. The paper briefly discusses the current theories on the processes underlying the transformation of the catalytic activity of a number of enzymes. The phenomenon of transformation, which is induced by mild chemical effects acting on a protein, is of interest both from the point of view of the inv... | [
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PMID:15209 | Interaction of transfer RNA with 50S ribosomal subunits of Escherichia coli in absence of templates. | The equilibrium constant of a complex of tRNA with the 50S ribosomal subunit was measured in the absence of a template. It was shown that the stability of the complex increases with an increase in the concentration of Mg2+, it decreases with an increase in the concentration of univalent ions, and does not depend on the... | Interaction of transfer RNA with 50S ribosomal subunits of Escherichia coli in absence of templates. The equilibrium constant of a complex of tRNA with the 50S ribosomal subunit was measured in the absence of a template. It was shown that the stability of the complex increases with an increase in the concentration of M... | [
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PMID:15208 | Presence of a proteinase in polyribosomes of rat liver. | The presence of a proteinase in the composition of the ribosomal proteins of rat liver is demonstrated. The enzyme possesses optimal activity in the zone of pH 7.0-7.2. Soybean trypsin inhibitor and 1-chloro-4-phenyl-3-tosylamido-2-butanone inhibit the enzyme by 50-60%. | Presence of a proteinase in polyribosomes of rat liver. The presence of a proteinase in the composition of the ribosomal proteins of rat liver is demonstrated. The enzyme possesses optimal activity in the zone of pH 7.0-7.2. Soybean trypsin inhibitor and 1-chloro-4-phenyl-3-tosylamido-2-butanone inhibit the enzyme by 5... | [
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PMID:15211 | Ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease activity of exonuclease A5. | A comparative study was made of the specificity and some properties of the RNase and DNase activities of exonuclease A5. The results obtained indicate that RNA and denatured DNA are hydrolyzed in the same active center of the enzyme and, consequently, exonuclease A5 is an enzyme which is not specific for the sugar of n... | Ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease activity of exonuclease A5. A comparative study was made of the specificity and some properties of the RNase and DNase activities of exonuclease A5. The results obtained indicate that RNA and denatured DNA are hydrolyzed in the same active center of the enzyme and, consequently, exonu... | [
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PMID:15215 | The influence of pH on the effects of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Na salt) on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Salmonella typhimurium. | The genetic effects of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Na salt) have been investigated in cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium in experiments in vitro and in vivo. Experiments in vitro showed that the killing of both yeast and bacteria is dependent on the pH in ... | The influence of pH on the effects of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Na salt) on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Salmonella typhimurium. The genetic effects of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Na salt) have been investigated in cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and of the bacterium Salmonella typhi... | [
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PMID:15210 | Physicochemical properties of Sendai virus RNA. II. Effect of ionic strength on thermostability of RNA. | The dependence of the melting point (Tm) and width of the melting range (deltaTm) on the ionic strength and pH of the medium was investigated for the double-stranded RNA formed through self-hybridization during the isolation of RNA from Sendai virus. It was shown that Tm is a linear function of the logarithm of the sod... | Physicochemical properties of Sendai virus RNA. II. Effect of ionic strength on thermostability of RNA. The dependence of the melting point (Tm) and width of the melting range (deltaTm) on the ionic strength and pH of the medium was investigated for the double-stranded RNA formed through self-hybridization during the i... | [
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PMID:15216 | Induction of DNA single-strand breaks in barley by sodium azide applied at pH 3. | Sodium azide (1 to 50 mM), adjusted to pH 3 and applied for 2 h to presoaked barley seeds, induced a dose-dependent frequency of single-strand breaks in DNA of non-germinating embryos. This was demonstrated by sedimentation analyses of isolated DNA samples in alkaline sucrose gradients and in neutral sucrose gradients ... | Induction of DNA single-strand breaks in barley by sodium azide applied at pH 3. Sodium azide (1 to 50 mM), adjusted to pH 3 and applied for 2 h to presoaked barley seeds, induced a dose-dependent frequency of single-strand breaks in DNA of non-germinating embryos. This was demonstrated by sedimentation analyses of iso... | [
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PMID:15212 | Acceptor activity of tRNAPhe from yeasts under special conditions of aminoacylation. | The reaction of aminoacylation of tRNAPhe from yeasts and the erroneous acylation of total tRNA from E. coli by yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase under special conditions was studied. It was shown that the decrease in the degree of acylation of tRNAPhe and the increase in the degree of erroneous acylation of the total... | Acceptor activity of tRNAPhe from yeasts under special conditions of aminoacylation. The reaction of aminoacylation of tRNAPhe from yeasts and the erroneous acylation of total tRNA from E. coli by yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase under special conditions was studied. It was shown that the decrease in the degree of ac... | [
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PMID:15214 | Thermodynamic parameters of helix-random coil transitions in polypeptide chains. IV. Random copolymers of L-alanine with L-glutamic acid. | pH-Induced helix-random coil transitions in random copolymers of Ala with Glu have been investigated in order to determine the effect of Ala on the stability of the helical state of polyglutamic acid. The free energies for the transfer of one uncharged Glu residue from a random coil to a helix (deltaGo) have been deter... | Thermodynamic parameters of helix-random coil transitions in polypeptide chains. IV. Random copolymers of L-alanine with L-glutamic acid. pH-Induced helix-random coil transitions in random copolymers of Ala with Glu have been investigated in order to determine the effect of Ala on the stability of the helical state of ... | [
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PMID:15219 | Use of amylum derivatives for isolation of amylolytic enzymes. | In a leading article literature is reviewed concerning isolation of amylolytic enzymes by adsorption on differently modified starches, resp. on other adsorbents. DEAE amylum, DEAHP amylum and DEAE-Sephadex A 25 were found to be most suitable adsorbents. The other adsorbents examined did not reach claimed parameters. | Use of amylum derivatives for isolation of amylolytic enzymes. In a leading article literature is reviewed concerning isolation of amylolytic enzymes by adsorption on differently modified starches, resp. on other adsorbents. DEAE amylum, DEAHP amylum and DEAE-Sephadex A 25 were found to be most suitable adsorbents. The... | [
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PMID:15213 | Labilization of the phosphoester linkage in enzyme-inhibitor complexes of aspartate aminotransferase. | Individual enzyme-inhibitor complexes with characteristic absorption spectra have been obtained as a result of the reaction of the apoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase with Nalpha-(5'-phosphopyridoxyl)-L-glutamic acid, Nalpha-(5'-phosphopyridoxyl)-D-glutamic acid, and Nalpha-(5'-phosphopyridoxyl)-L-pyroglutamic acid... | Labilization of the phosphoester linkage in enzyme-inhibitor complexes of aspartate aminotransferase. Individual enzyme-inhibitor complexes with characteristic absorption spectra have been obtained as a result of the reaction of the apoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase with Nalpha-(5'-phosphopyridoxyl)-L-glutamic ac... | [
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PMID:15220 | Isolation of amylolytic system of Aspergillus oryzae by sorption on DEAHP amylum. | Conditions of effective sorption of amylolytic enzyme from a solution or from fermentative liquid on DEAHP amylum were studied. Isolating action is in a direct dependence on the relation between activity and amount of DEAHP amylum, the curve of this dependence was illustrated. The enzyme can be released by elution or a... | Isolation of amylolytic system of Aspergillus oryzae by sorption on DEAHP amylum. Conditions of effective sorption of amylolytic enzyme from a solution or from fermentative liquid on DEAHP amylum were studied. Isolating action is in a direct dependence on the relation between activity and amount of DEAHP amylum, the cu... | [
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PMID:15232 | [Fauna and ecology of bloodsucking mosquitoes of Evenkia]. | This paper presents data on the specific composition, number, hatching sites, seasonal and daily activity of mosquitoes attacking man and reindeer and the influence of weather factors on the attacking activity of mosquitoes in Central Siberia. 23 species of 3 genera are reported from Central Siberia as follows: Anophel... | [Fauna and ecology of bloodsucking mosquitoes of Evenkia]. This paper presents data on the specific composition, number, hatching sites, seasonal and daily activity of mosquitoes attacking man and reindeer and the influence of weather factors on the attacking activity of mosquitoes in Central Siberia. 23 species of 3 g... | [
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PMID:15242 | [Nature of the enzymes participating in the transformation of proinsulin into insulin]. | A study was made of the enzymes of the islands of Langerhans which could participate in the transformation of proinsulin into insulin. The homogenate of the islands of Langerhans of rat and man catalized the hyppuril-L-arginine splitting at pH 5.4-5.8 and 6.8-7.2 which was completely blocked with N-ethyl maleimide. The... | [Nature of the enzymes participating in the transformation of proinsulin into insulin]. A study was made of the enzymes of the islands of Langerhans which could participate in the transformation of proinsulin into insulin. The homogenate of the islands of Langerhans of rat and man catalized the hyppuril-L-arginine spli... | [
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PMID:15243 | [Laparoscopic diagnosis of cryptorchism]. | On the basis of observations of 28 patients suffering from cryptorchism in which laparoscopy was conducted for the purpose of diagnosis the authors came to the conclusion on the expediency of using this method in the practice of endocrinologist's work. | [Laparoscopic diagnosis of cryptorchism]. On the basis of observations of 28 patients suffering from cryptorchism in which laparoscopy was conducted for the purpose of diagnosis the authors came to the conclusion on the expediency of using this method in the practice of endocrinologist's work. | [
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PMID:15244 | [Change in the activity of tyrosine aminotransferase in the tissues of rabbits with various levels of corticosteroids in the body]. | Experiments were conducted on rabbits. As revealed, hypocoriticism was accompanied by a reduction of the tyrosineaminotranspherase in the liver, muscles and blood plasma; the enzyme activity was unchanged in the brain and the spleen. An increase of the corticosteroid level in the organism after the administration of hy... | [Change in the activity of tyrosine aminotransferase in the tissues of rabbits with various levels of corticosteroids in the body]. Experiments were conducted on rabbits. As revealed, hypocoriticism was accompanied by a reduction of the tyrosineaminotranspherase in the liver, muscles and blood plasma; the enzyme activi... | [
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PMID:15247 | A monomeric form of pyruvate kinase in human pyruvate kinase deficiency. | A mutant pyruvate kinase (ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.40) from human erythrocytes which is easily separated into monomers and dimers by gel chromatography is described. Tht mutant enzyme shows almost the same pH optimum and thermostability as normal enzyme, but has a decreased stability on shaking wit... | A monomeric form of pyruvate kinase in human pyruvate kinase deficiency. A mutant pyruvate kinase (ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.40) from human erythrocytes which is easily separated into monomers and dimers by gel chromatography is described. Tht mutant enzyme shows almost the same pH optimum and therm... | [
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PMID:15248 | Membrane-associated assembly of M13 phage in extracts of virus-infected Escherichia coli. | Assembly of coliphage M13 is known to occur as the viral DNA crosses the cytoplasmic membrane, shedding its virus-coded DNA unwinding protein and acquiring from the membrane approximately 2400 copies of the major coat protein. Conditions are described in which extracts of M13-infected E. coli and membranes prepared fro... | Membrane-associated assembly of M13 phage in extracts of virus-infected Escherichia coli. Assembly of coliphage M13 is known to occur as the viral DNA crosses the cytoplasmic membrane, shedding its virus-coded DNA unwinding protein and acquiring from the membrane approximately 2400 copies of the major coat protein. Con... | [
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PMID:15249 | Catecholamine binding to the beta-adrenergic receptor. | The adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors of frog erythrocyte membranes have been identified by direct radioligand binding techniques using the potent catecholamine agonist (+/-)[3H]hydroxybenzylisproterenol (2-[3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-hydroxy-1', 1'-dimethyl-2'-[4-hydroxyphenyl]-diethylamine). The succes... | Catecholamine binding to the beta-adrenergic receptor. The adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors of frog erythrocyte membranes have been identified by direct radioligand binding techniques using the potent catecholamine agonist (+/-)[3H]hydroxybenzylisproterenol (2-[3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-hydroxy-1', 1'-... | [
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PMID:15250 | Trans-synaptic induction of adrenomedullary tyrosine hydroxylase activity by choline: evidence that choline administration can increase cholinergic transmission. | Twenty-four hours after rats receive choline chloride (20 mmol/kg, by stomach tube) the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase [tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; L-tyrosine, tetrahydropteridine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating), EC 1.14.16.2] increases by 31% within adrenomedullary chromaffin cells. This treatment also causes ... | Trans-synaptic induction of adrenomedullary tyrosine hydroxylase activity by choline: evidence that choline administration can increase cholinergic transmission. Twenty-four hours after rats receive choline chloride (20 mmol/kg, by stomach tube) the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase [tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; L-tyrosine... | [
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PMID:15251 | Ionic regulation in genetic translation systems. | The polyelectrolyte theory can provide an interpretation of the interdependence of pH, ionic strength, and polyamines one observes in the activity of ribonuclease acting on RNA. According to this theory: (i) A nucleic acid-enzyme complex and the suspending medium may be considered as two phases in equilibrium, even tho... | Ionic regulation in genetic translation systems. The polyelectrolyte theory can provide an interpretation of the interdependence of pH, ionic strength, and polyamines one observes in the activity of ribonuclease acting on RNA. According to this theory: (i) A nucleic acid-enzyme complex and the suspending medium may be ... | [
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PMID:15252 | Catecholamine hormone receptor differences identified on 3T3 and simian virus-transformed 3T3 cells. | Identification and characterization of hormone receptors on the cell surface is an effective tool for studying the plasma membrane. Using the direct binding of a radiolabeled antagonist, (-)[3H]alprenolol, to crude membrane preparations, and a physiological response (cellular cyclic AMP levels), I demonstrated a catech... | Catecholamine hormone receptor differences identified on 3T3 and simian virus-transformed 3T3 cells. Identification and characterization of hormone receptors on the cell surface is an effective tool for studying the plasma membrane. Using the direct binding of a radiolabeled antagonist, (-)[3H]alprenolol, to crude memb... | [
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PMID:15253 | Genetic control of renin activity in the submaxillary gland of the mouse. | Administration of androgen to female mice is known to increase the level of several proteins in the submaxillary gland, including nerve growth factor, epidermal growth factor, esteroproteolytic activity, and renin. In the present study, renin activity has been assessed in extracts of submaxillary gland of female mice f... | Genetic control of renin activity in the submaxillary gland of the mouse. Administration of androgen to female mice is known to increase the level of several proteins in the submaxillary gland, including nerve growth factor, epidermal growth factor, esteroproteolytic activity, and renin. In the present study, renin act... | [
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PMID:15254 | Alterations of spore coat processing and protein turnover in a Bacillus cereus mutant with a defective postexponential intracellular protease. | A mutant with an alteration in the major intracellular serine protease produced by postexponential Bacillus cereus was isolated by screening mutants defective in spore germination. The purified enzyme from the mutant is more labile to heat and alkaline pH than the protease from the wild type. Protease activity appears ... | Alterations of spore coat processing and protein turnover in a Bacillus cereus mutant with a defective postexponential intracellular protease. A mutant with an alteration in the major intracellular serine protease produced by postexponential Bacillus cereus was isolated by screening mutants defective in spore germinati... | [
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PMID:15255 | Dehydrogenase and transhydrogenase properties of the soluble NADH dehydrogenase of bovine heart mitochondria. | The soluble NADH dehydrogenase of low molecular weight, isolated from complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.5.3) of the respiratory chain, has been shown to have NADPH dehydrogenase and NADPH leads to NAD transhydrogenase activities. Both activities are greatly increased in the presence of added guanidine-H... | Dehydrogenase and transhydrogenase properties of the soluble NADH dehydrogenase of bovine heart mitochondria. The soluble NADH dehydrogenase of low molecular weight, isolated from complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.5.3) of the respiratory chain, has been shown to have NADPH dehydrogenase and NADPH leads ... | [
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PMID:15256 | 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of glycogen phosphorylase from rabbit skeletal muscle: ionization states of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. | 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at 72.8 MHZ has been used to study glycogen phosphorylase from rabbit muscle (1,4-alpha-D-glucan:orthophosphate alpha-glucosyltransferase, EC 2.4.1.1) at concentrations as low as 25 mg/ml, using a WH-180 wide-bore superconducting spectrometer. The use of a thio analogue for 5'-AMP a... | 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of glycogen phosphorylase from rabbit skeletal muscle: ionization states of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at 72.8 MHZ has been used to study glycogen phosphorylase from rabbit muscle (1,4-alpha-D-glucan:orthophosphate alpha-glucosyltransferase, EC 2.... | [
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PMID:15257 | High-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of metabolism in aerobic Escherichia coli cells. | 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at 145.7 MHZ were obtained of concentrated suspensions of E. coli cells. The position of the Pi resonance was used to determine the pH, and in most experiments it was possible to distinguish the intracellular (pHin) and extracellular (pHex) values. During respiration pHin approach... | High-resolution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies of metabolism in aerobic Escherichia coli cells. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at 145.7 MHZ were obtained of concentrated suspensions of E. coli cells. The position of the Pi resonance was used to determine the pH, and in most experiments it was possible t... | [
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PMID:15258 | Intracellular binding of radioactive hydroxocobalamin to cobalamin-dependent apoenzymes in rat liver. | We identified previously an intracellular cobalamin (Cbl) binding protein(s) in cultured human fibroblasts, distinct from known Cbl "R" binders and absent from mutant cells deficient in the synthesis of the two Cbl coenzymes. In order to further characterize this binding activity, we have investigated its homologue in ... | Intracellular binding of radioactive hydroxocobalamin to cobalamin-dependent apoenzymes in rat liver. We identified previously an intracellular cobalamin (Cbl) binding protein(s) in cultured human fibroblasts, distinct from known Cbl "R" binders and absent from mutant cells deficient in the synthesis of the two Cbl coe... | [
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PMID:15259 | Recognition of two intracellular cobalamin binding proteins and their identification as methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and methionine synthetase. | The granulocyte R-type cobalamin binding protein delivers cobalamin (Cbl) exclusively to hepatocytes, and transcobalamin II delivers Cbl to various mammalian cells. Both protein-Cbl complexes enter cells by pinocytosis, and the protein moieties are rapidly degraded in lysosomes. The liberated Cbl is subsequently bound ... | Recognition of two intracellular cobalamin binding proteins and their identification as methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and methionine synthetase. The granulocyte R-type cobalamin binding protein delivers cobalamin (Cbl) exclusively to hepatocytes, and transcobalamin II delivers Cbl to various mammalian cells. Both protein-Cb... | [
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PMID:15260 | Affinity labeling of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and location of the gamma-glutamyl binding site on the light subunit. | Gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase, which consists of two nonidentical subunits, is rapidly inactivated with respect to its transpeptidase and hydrolase activities by the gamma-glutamyl analogs 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine and L-azaserine. Inactivation, which is prevented by gamma-glutamyl substrates (but not by acceptor subs... | Affinity labeling of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and location of the gamma-glutamyl binding site on the light subunit. Gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase, which consists of two nonidentical subunits, is rapidly inactivated with respect to its transpeptidase and hydrolase activities by the gamma-glutamyl analogs 6-diazo-5-... | [
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PMID:15261 | Detection in bovine adrenal cortex of a lipoidal substance that yields pregnenolone upon treatment with alkali. | Bovine adrenal cortical tissue contains a lipoidal derivative of pregnenolone (3beta-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one) from which the free steroid can be liberated by treatment with alkali. Evidence for the presence of such an entity comes from examination of a nonpolar extract of tissue from which pregnenolone and its sulfat... | Detection in bovine adrenal cortex of a lipoidal substance that yields pregnenolone upon treatment with alkali. Bovine adrenal cortical tissue contains a lipoidal derivative of pregnenolone (3beta-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one) from which the free steroid can be liberated by treatment with alkali. Evidence for the presence... | [
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PMID:15262 | Regulation of hepatic nuclear guanylate cyclase. | In immunohistochemical studies of rat liver tissue slices and purified nuclei, adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) immunofluorescence on the nuclear membrane are sequentially increased after glucagon administration. An explanation for the increased cGMP immunofluo... | Regulation of hepatic nuclear guanylate cyclase. In immunohistochemical studies of rat liver tissue slices and purified nuclei, adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) immunofluorescence on the nuclear membrane are sequentially increased after glucagon administration.... | [
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PMID:15263 | Effect of batrachotoxin on the electroplax of electric eel: evidence for voltage-dependent interaction with sodium channels. | Batrachotoxin under certain conditions has a strong depolarizing effect on the innervated membrane of the monocellular electroplax preparation from the electric eel, El-ectrophorus electricus. No effect is observed when the toxin (50-200 nM) is applied to the resting membrane for periods up to 1 hr. However, if the mem... | Effect of batrachotoxin on the electroplax of electric eel: evidence for voltage-dependent interaction with sodium channels. Batrachotoxin under certain conditions has a strong depolarizing effect on the innervated membrane of the monocellular electroplax preparation from the electric eel, El-ectrophorus electricus. No... | [
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PMID:15284 | Phencyclidine-induced rotational behavior in rats with nigrostriatal lesions and its modulation by dopaminergic and cholinergic agents. | The peripheral administration of the psychotomimetic drug phencyclidine (1-(phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine hydrochloride) (PCP) induces a dose-related ipsilateral rotation in unilateral substantia nigra electrolytically-lesioned rats. The intensity of this rotation can be modulated by administration of various dopaminerg... | Phencyclidine-induced rotational behavior in rats with nigrostriatal lesions and its modulation by dopaminergic and cholinergic agents. The peripheral administration of the psychotomimetic drug phencyclidine (1-(phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine hydrochloride) (PCP) induces a dose-related ipsilateral rotation in unilateral ... | [
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PMID:15285 | Differential motor effects of intraventricular infusion of morphine and etonitazene. | The motor effects produced by intraventricular infusions of morphine were compared to the effects of etonitazene. Despite the similarity in the peripheral actions of these drugs, motor effects of central infusions differed dramatically. Intraventricular morphine infusions resulted in explosive motor behavior whereas et... | Differential motor effects of intraventricular infusion of morphine and etonitazene. The motor effects produced by intraventricular infusions of morphine were compared to the effects of etonitazene. Despite the similarity in the peripheral actions of these drugs, motor effects of central infusions differed dramatically... | [
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PMID:15288 | The different influence of predominantly antiadrenergic and antidopaminergic neuroleptics on the estrous cycle in rats. | In experiments performed on rats, single subcutaneous doses of predominantly antidopaminergic neuroleptics (fluspirilene, pimozide, and thioproperazine in large doses) elicited persistent diestrus, i.e. pseudopregnancy. Neuroleptics with predominantly antiadrenergic action (levomepromazine, thioridazine, chlorpromazine... | The different influence of predominantly antiadrenergic and antidopaminergic neuroleptics on the estrous cycle in rats. In experiments performed on rats, single subcutaneous doses of predominantly antidopaminergic neuroleptics (fluspirilene, pimozide, and thioproperazine in large doses) elicited persistent diestrus, i.... | [
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PMID:15290 | The functional anatomy of the mantle complex and columellar muscle of tectibranch molluscs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia), and its bearing on the evolution of opisthobranch organization. | An account is given of the anatomy of a series of opisthobranch molluscs principally to assess the change in importance and functioning of the mantle cavity and columellar muscle throughout the transition from prosobranch to opisthobranch organization. Intermediate steps are represented by living tectibranchs, of which... | The functional anatomy of the mantle complex and columellar muscle of tectibranch molluscs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia), and its bearing on the evolution of opisthobranch organization. An account is given of the anatomy of a series of opisthobranch molluscs principally to assess the change in importance and functionin... | [
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PMID:15294 | [Electrolyte-water balance and acid-base equilibrium in brain tumor patients]. | Electrolyte variations, water-balance disturbances, and acid-base equilibrium disorders observed in patients with brain tumors are due, in the majority of cases, to increases in intracranial pressure and, in a relatively small number of cases, to the particular location of the tumor. Severe pathological pictures are no... | [Electrolyte-water balance and acid-base equilibrium in brain tumor patients]. Electrolyte variations, water-balance disturbances, and acid-base equilibrium disorders observed in patients with brain tumors are due, in the majority of cases, to increases in intracranial pressure and, in a relatively small number of case... | [
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PMID:15295 | Medazepam and the driving ability of anxious patients. | A double-blind crossover trial of Medazepam was carried out in 14 anxious hospital patients. The mean self-adjusted dosage was 16.5 mg daily. The active drug was no more effective than placebo in relieving anxiety, which was rated both clinically and by the Middlesex Health Questionnaire (M.H.Q.) (Crown and Crisp, 1970... | Medazepam and the driving ability of anxious patients. A double-blind crossover trial of Medazepam was carried out in 14 anxious hospital patients. The mean self-adjusted dosage was 16.5 mg daily. The active drug was no more effective than placebo in relieving anxiety, which was rated both clinically and by the Middles... | [
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PMID:15296 | Effects of oxazolam, cloxazolam, and CS-386, new anti-anxiety drugs, on socially induced suppression and aggression in pairs of monkeys. | This experiment was conducted to examine effects of oxazolam, cloxazolam, CS-386, and reference drugs on socially induced suppression and aggression in pairs of monkeys. Oxazolam, cloxazolam, and CS-386, as well as other benzodiazepines, at both ataxic and non-ataxic doses, attenuated the socially induced suppression, ... | Effects of oxazolam, cloxazolam, and CS-386, new anti-anxiety drugs, on socially induced suppression and aggression in pairs of monkeys. This experiment was conducted to examine effects of oxazolam, cloxazolam, CS-386, and reference drugs on socially induced suppression and aggression in pairs of monkeys. Oxazolam, clo... | [
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PMID:15297 | Intensive design in evaluating anxiolytic agents. | The purposes of this study were: (1) to test the usefulness of intensive design in detecting the effects of an established antianxiety agent in a single patient studied for a period as brief as 8 weeks and (2) to explore the usefulness of combining intensive and extensive designs by jointly analyzing the results from s... | Intensive design in evaluating anxiolytic agents. The purposes of this study were: (1) to test the usefulness of intensive design in detecting the effects of an established antianxiety agent in a single patient studied for a period as brief as 8 weeks and (2) to explore the usefulness of combining intensive and extensi... | [
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PMID:15299 | Spectrum of angiographically demonstrable renal pathology in young hypertensive patients. | The renal diseases which cause systemic hypertension in the first two decades of life differ from the adult in their incidence and etiology. Seventeen patients (11 days to 20 years old), studied angiographically, demonstrated a wide spectrum of renal pathology including arterial thrombosis, fibromuscular hyperplasia, v... | Spectrum of angiographically demonstrable renal pathology in young hypertensive patients. The renal diseases which cause systemic hypertension in the first two decades of life differ from the adult in their incidence and etiology. Seventeen patients (11 days to 20 years old), studied angiographically, demonstrated a wi... | [
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PMID:15300 | The influence of hypoxia and acidity on the hyperthermic response of malignant cells in vitro. | Colony formation of JB-1-E tumor cells was studied after hyperthermic treatment (42.5 degrees C) at a pH of 6.4 or 7.2 under hypoxic and euoxic conditions. At a pH of 7.2 and normal oxygen tension, there was a moderate decrease in colony formation with increasing duration of hyperthermic treatment (To = 65 min.). This ... | The influence of hypoxia and acidity on the hyperthermic response of malignant cells in vitro. Colony formation of JB-1-E tumor cells was studied after hyperthermic treatment (42.5 degrees C) at a pH of 6.4 or 7.2 under hypoxic and euoxic conditions. At a pH of 7.2 and normal oxygen tension, there was a moderate decrea... | [
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PMID:15301 | Evidence against the release of prostaglandin-like material from isolated intestinal tissue by pure cholera toxin. | Prostaglandin-like material was released from finely cut guinea-pig ileum or human intestinal mucosa during incubation with Krebs solution. The tissue inactivated some significant change in release of prostaglandin-like material when pure cholera toxin was incubated with guinea-pig ileum or human intestinal mucosa. The... | Evidence against the release of prostaglandin-like material from isolated intestinal tissue by pure cholera toxin. Prostaglandin-like material was released from finely cut guinea-pig ileum or human intestinal mucosa during incubation with Krebs solution. The tissue inactivated some significant change in release of pros... | [
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PMID:15302 | Multiple molecular forms of prostaglandin 15-hydroxydehydrogenase and 9-ketoreductase in chicken kidney. | Prostaglandin-15-hydroxydehydrogenase and prostaglandin-9-keto-reductase were purified from chicken kidney. Both enzymes exist in multiple forms as determined by isoelectric focusing. The dehydrogenases catalyze the transformation of the functional group at C-15 but not the functional group at C-9. The preferred cofact... | Multiple molecular forms of prostaglandin 15-hydroxydehydrogenase and 9-ketoreductase in chicken kidney. Prostaglandin-15-hydroxydehydrogenase and prostaglandin-9-keto-reductase were purified from chicken kidney. Both enzymes exist in multiple forms as determined by isoelectric focusing. The dehydrogenases catalyze the... | [
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PMID:15304 | Studies on membrane receptor sites for serotonin in the brain. | The competitive effect of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine, morphine and chlorpromazine on the binding of serotonin (5-HT) to rat brain slices was investigated. Ths busynaptosomal localization of the binding of morphine in bovine midbrain preparations was compared to that of 5-HT and found to be considerably higher. The condens... | Studies on membrane receptor sites for serotonin in the brain. The competitive effect of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine, morphine and chlorpromazine on the binding of serotonin (5-HT) to rat brain slices was investigated. Ths busynaptosomal localization of the binding of morphine in bovine midbrain preparations was compared t... | [
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PMID:15305 | Action of glucagon and aspirin on ionic flux, mucosal blood flow and bleeding in the fundic pouch of dogs. | Into vagally denervated (Heidenhain) pouches of 4 dogs 25 ml of 0.1 M HCl was instilled and removed at 30 min intervals for 6 hours. During the 4th, 5th, and 6th 30 min periods the acid instillate contained 5 mg/ml of aspirin. Aspirin significantly increased gastric-mucosal clearance of aminopyrine (mucosal blood flow)... | Action of glucagon and aspirin on ionic flux, mucosal blood flow and bleeding in the fundic pouch of dogs. Into vagally denervated (Heidenhain) pouches of 4 dogs 25 ml of 0.1 M HCl was instilled and removed at 30 min intervals for 6 hours. During the 4th, 5th, and 6th 30 min periods the acid instillate contained 5 mg/m... | [
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PMID:15306 | The Wien effect in compensated metabolic acidosis. | CSF and blood acid-base values were measured in compensated metabolic acidosis, induced in anesthetized dogs by infusion of dilute HCl during hyperventilation. We observed cerebral blood flow-related steady-state differences in PCO2 between CSF and arterial venous blood from the brain. The steady-state values of CSF-bl... | The Wien effect in compensated metabolic acidosis. CSF and blood acid-base values were measured in compensated metabolic acidosis, induced in anesthetized dogs by infusion of dilute HCl during hyperventilation. We observed cerebral blood flow-related steady-state differences in PCO2 between CSF and arterial venous bloo... | [
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PMID:15303 | [An unusual case of small intestine infarction of venous origin]. | The evolution is presented, of a partial infarction of the small bowel, of venous origin, without apparent cause. In the 10-th day after onset, following a segmentary resection of the jejunum and termino-terminal anastomosis, the patient had another segmentar infarction of the ileon, also of venous origin, that was cur... | [An unusual case of small intestine infarction of venous origin]. The evolution is presented, of a partial infarction of the small bowel, of venous origin, without apparent cause. In the 10-th day after onset, following a segmentary resection of the jejunum and termino-terminal anastomosis, the patient had another segm... | [
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PMID:15307 | Postnatal changes in blood respiratory characteristics in an American opossum (Didelphis virginiana). | The oxygen affinity of opossum blood changes in the postnatal period. The youngest opossums studied were 53 days of age (dated from the day of transit from vagina to pouch) and still confined to the maternal pouch: they had a blood P50 of 32.6 +/- 2.9 mm Hg. The blood P50 value then increased significantly, in two step... | Postnatal changes in blood respiratory characteristics in an American opossum (Didelphis virginiana). The oxygen affinity of opossum blood changes in the postnatal period. The youngest opossums studied were 53 days of age (dated from the day of transit from vagina to pouch) and still confined to the maternal pouch: the... | [
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PMID:15309 | Hemoglobin function in stored blood, XVII. Maintenance of red cell 2,3 DPG (function) and ATP (viability) for six weeks in ACD or CPD-adenine-inosine-methylene blue. | Blood preservatives containing adenine for six week storage have been prepared with inosine and methylene blue at various pH levels in order to maintain, 23-DPG levels for immediate oxygen transport upon transfusion. In one experiment, the adverse effect of a high pH on ATP maintenance was demonstrated in the presence ... | Hemoglobin function in stored blood, XVII. Maintenance of red cell 2,3 DPG (function) and ATP (viability) for six weeks in ACD or CPD-adenine-inosine-methylene blue. Blood preservatives containing adenine for six week storage have been prepared with inosine and methylene blue at various pH levels in order to maintain, ... | [
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PMID:15311 | The effect of intragastric pH-variations on the gastric acid response to insulin hypoglycaemia in healthy subjects and duodenal ulcer patients. | The gastric acid response to i.v. injection of 0.15 U of soluble insulin/kg b.w. was determined in healthy subjects and duodenal ulcer patients during intragastric perfusion with water, 0.1 M HC1, and alkaline buffer (pH 8.3). Perfusion with hydrochloric acid significantly reduced the peak gastric acid output following... | The effect of intragastric pH-variations on the gastric acid response to insulin hypoglycaemia in healthy subjects and duodenal ulcer patients. The gastric acid response to i.v. injection of 0.15 U of soluble insulin/kg b.w. was determined in healthy subjects and duodenal ulcer patients during intragastric perfusion wi... | [
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PMID:15312 | Pancreatic extract and the intestinal uptake of vitamin B12. III. Stimulatory effect in the presence of a non-intrinsic factor vitamin B12 binder. | To determine the mechanism by which pancreatic extract (PE) corrects the malabsorption of vitamin B12 in chronic pancreatic insufficiency (CPI), the following hypotheses were investigated: Firstly, PE might stimulate the absorption of vitamin B12 by changing the intestinal pH, secondly PE might stimulate the intestinal... | Pancreatic extract and the intestinal uptake of vitamin B12. III. Stimulatory effect in the presence of a non-intrinsic factor vitamin B12 binder. To determine the mechanism by which pancreatic extract (PE) corrects the malabsorption of vitamin B12 in chronic pancreatic insufficiency (CPI), the following hypotheses wer... | [
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PMID:15313 | Effect of changes in the intragastric milieu on competence of the gastro-oesophageal region. A study in normal subjects. | Acid-reflux studies were carried out in 10 healthy subjects in the basal state, during continuous infusion of pentagastrin (0.015 mug/kg body-weight) after bolus injection of insulin (0.2 IU/kg bodyweight), and after intragastric instillation of 200 ml hydrochloric acid. Basal gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure and ... | Effect of changes in the intragastric milieu on competence of the gastro-oesophageal region. A study in normal subjects. Acid-reflux studies were carried out in 10 healthy subjects in the basal state, during continuous infusion of pentagastrin (0.015 mug/kg body-weight) after bolus injection of insulin (0.2 IU/kg bodyw... | [
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