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PMID:18467 | Purification of human erythropoietin. | Human erythropoietin, derived from urine of patients with aplastic anemia, has been purified to apparent homogeneity. The seven-step procedure, which included ion exchange chromatography, ethanol precipitation, gel filtration, and adsorption chromatography, yielded a preparation with a potency of 70,400 units/mg of pro... | Purification of human erythropoietin. Human erythropoietin, derived from urine of patients with aplastic anemia, has been purified to apparent homogeneity. The seven-step procedure, which included ion exchange chromatography, ethanol precipitation, gel filtration, and adsorption chromatography, yielded a preparation wi... | [
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PMID:18468 | Kinetic mechanism of tRNA nucleotidyltransferase from Escherichia coli. | A kinetic analysis of the incorporation of AMP into tRNA lacking the 3'-terminal residue by tRNA nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.2.7.25) from Escherichia coli is presented. Initial velocity studies demonstrate that the mechanism is sequential and that high concentrations of tRNA give rise to substrate inhibition which is ... | Kinetic mechanism of tRNA nucleotidyltransferase from Escherichia coli. A kinetic analysis of the incorporation of AMP into tRNA lacking the 3'-terminal residue by tRNA nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.2.7.25) from Escherichia coli is presented. Initial velocity studies demonstrate that the mechanism is sequential and that... | [
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PMID:18469 | Human thymidylate kinase. Purification, characterization, and kinetic behavior of the thymidylate kinase derived from chronic myelocytic leukemia. | Thymidylate kinase derived from the blast cells of human chronic myelocytic leukemia was purified 2186-fold to near homogeneity by means of alcohol precipitation, alumina-Cgamma gel fractionation, calcium phosphate gel fraction, ultrafiltration, and affinity column chromatography. The molecular weight was estimated by ... | Human thymidylate kinase. Purification, characterization, and kinetic behavior of the thymidylate kinase derived from chronic myelocytic leukemia. Thymidylate kinase derived from the blast cells of human chronic myelocytic leukemia was purified 2186-fold to near homogeneity by means of alcohol precipitation, alumina-Cg... | [
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PMID:18471 | Partial purification of 6-(D-erythro-1',2',3'-trihydroxypropyl)-7,8-dihydropterin triphosphate synthetase from chicken liver. | An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 6-(D-erythro-1',2',3'-trihydroxypropyl)-7,8-dihydropterin triphosphate (D-erythrodihydroneopterin triphosphate) and formic acid from GTP has been purified about 3700-fold from homogenates of chicken liver. The molecular weight of the enzyme, D-erythrodihydroneopterin triphospha... | Partial purification of 6-(D-erythro-1',2',3'-trihydroxypropyl)-7,8-dihydropterin triphosphate synthetase from chicken liver. An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 6-(D-erythro-1',2',3'-trihydroxypropyl)-7,8-dihydropterin triphosphate (D-erythrodihydroneopterin triphosphate) and formic acid from GTP has been purifi... | [
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PMID:18475 | Selective de novo synthesis of tyrosine hydroxylase in organ cultures of rat superior cervical ganglia after in vivo administration of nerve growth factor. | Tyrosine hydroxylase is synthesized de novo in rat superior cervical ganglia in organ culture. The differential rate of synthesis is not increased significantly by the addition of nerve growth factor to the culture. Prior administration of nerve growth factor in vivo, however, leads to an augmented synthesis of tyrosin... | Selective de novo synthesis of tyrosine hydroxylase in organ cultures of rat superior cervical ganglia after in vivo administration of nerve growth factor. Tyrosine hydroxylase is synthesized de novo in rat superior cervical ganglia in organ culture. The differential rate of synthesis is not increased significantly by ... | [
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PMID:18477 | Solubilization and partial purification of heme oxygenase from rat liver. | Hepatic microsomal heme oxygenase was solubilized, partially purified, and characterized from Co2+-treated rats. The enzyme on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis exhibited a minimum molecular weight of greater than or equal to 68,000. The solubilized enzyme was totally devoid of contamination wit... | Solubilization and partial purification of heme oxygenase from rat liver. Hepatic microsomal heme oxygenase was solubilized, partially purified, and characterized from Co2+-treated rats. The enzyme on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis exhibited a minimum molecular weight of greater than or equal... | [
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PMID:18479 | Biochemical and cytochemical evidence for ATPase activity in basal bodies isolated from oviduct. | Biochemical and cytochemical techniques were used to determine whether oviduct basal bodies have ATPase activity. All studies were carried out on basal bodies isolated and purified from the chicken oviduct. These preparations contained structurally intact basal bodies with basal feet, rootlet, and alar sheet accessory ... | Biochemical and cytochemical evidence for ATPase activity in basal bodies isolated from oviduct. Biochemical and cytochemical techniques were used to determine whether oviduct basal bodies have ATPase activity. All studies were carried out on basal bodies isolated and purified from the chicken oviduct. These preparatio... | [
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PMID:18480 | The activity of the pneumococcal autolytic system and the fate of the bacterium during ingestion by rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | The extent to which autolytic microbial enzymes are involved in the fate of microorganisms ingested by phagocytes has not been determined. It is known, however, that activation of degradative enzymes occurs during certain microbicidal events. We examined the possible role of the pneumococcal autolytic enzyme (an N-acet... | The activity of the pneumococcal autolytic system and the fate of the bacterium during ingestion by rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The extent to which autolytic microbial enzymes are involved in the fate of microorganisms ingested by phagocytes has not been determined. It is known, however, that activation of deg... | [
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PMID:18478 | Hypopotassemia following open heart surgery by cardio-pulmonary bypass. | 1. In this study where potassium concentration of perfusate of heart-lung machine was made high and no potassium was given until two hours after by-pass, the fall of plasma potassium level due to heart-lung bypass occurred in two stages, namely one hour of complete bypass and two hours after the end of bypass. 2. Regar... | Hypopotassemia following open heart surgery by cardio-pulmonary bypass. 1. In this study where potassium concentration of perfusate of heart-lung machine was made high and no potassium was given until two hours after by-pass, the fall of plasma potassium level due to heart-lung bypass occurred in two stages, namely one... | [
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PMID:18481 | Renal enzymes in kidney cells selected by D-valine medium. | The ability of D-valine medium to inhibit fibroblasts in cultures derived from kidneys of various mammals has enabled the selective proliferation of epithlial cells in the absence of fibroblast overgrowth. Studies of these selected epithelial cells have demonstrated the presence of D-amino acid oxidase, carbonic anhydr... | Renal enzymes in kidney cells selected by D-valine medium. The ability of D-valine medium to inhibit fibroblasts in cultures derived from kidneys of various mammals has enabled the selective proliferation of epithlial cells in the absence of fibroblast overgrowth. Studies of these selected epithelial cells have demonst... | [
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PMID:18483 | Interaction of local anesthetics with the transport system of glucose in human erythrocytes. | Local anesthetics inhibit the exhange transport of glucose in human erythroytes. All compounds tested showed a competitive inhibition except lidocaine and baycaine causing a non-competitive one. Moreover the transport system can bind two inhibitor molecules to one transport site as described for tetracaine and oxybupro... | Interaction of local anesthetics with the transport system of glucose in human erythrocytes. Local anesthetics inhibit the exhange transport of glucose in human erythroytes. All compounds tested showed a competitive inhibition except lidocaine and baycaine causing a non-competitive one. Moreover the transport system ca... | [
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PMID:18484 | Reversion in expression of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in 6-thioguanine resistant neuroblastoma: evidence for reduced enzyme levels associated with unaltered catalytic activity. | Five clones of mouse neuroblastoma cells able to grow in hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine containing medium were isolated from a hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT; EC 2.4.2.8; IMP: pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase) deficient cell line. These hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine resistant reve... | Reversion in expression of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in 6-thioguanine resistant neuroblastoma: evidence for reduced enzyme levels associated with unaltered catalytic activity. Five clones of mouse neuroblastoma cells able to grow in hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine containing medium were isolated... | [
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PMID:18486 | Analysis of medazepam, diazepam, and metabolites in plasma by gas-liquid chromatography with electrolytic conductivity detection. | An improved electrolytic conductivity detector allowed the gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of medazepam, diazepam, and major metabolites in 2 ml plasma at concentrations of 20 microgram/l. The detector had a sensitivity limit of less than 1 ng (or 100 pg nitrogen) when operated in the nitrogen-selective mode and a ... | Analysis of medazepam, diazepam, and metabolites in plasma by gas-liquid chromatography with electrolytic conductivity detection. An improved electrolytic conductivity detector allowed the gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of medazepam, diazepam, and major metabolites in 2 ml plasma at concentrations of 20 microgram/... | [
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PMID:18487 | Use of an amino-silica column for the high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of synthetic oligodeoxy-nucleotides. | The use of an amino-silica column in the chromatographic analysis of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides and their derivatives from different stages of oligonucleotide synthesis has been investigated. By eluting with 0.10 M potassium phosphate solution of pH 3.30, the nucleotide composition of oligonucleotides can be e... | Use of an amino-silica column for the high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of synthetic oligodeoxy-nucleotides. The use of an amino-silica column in the chromatographic analysis of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides and their derivatives from different stages of oligonucleotide synthesis has been investiga... | [
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PMID:18488 | Cimetidine, an H2-antihistamine, stimulates prolactin secretion in man. | Intravenous administration of cimetidine, a histamine (H2) receptor antagonist, provoked an immediate 2 to 3-fold rise in serum prolactin concentrations in 8 normal men; serum thyrotropin, growth hormone, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were not significantly affected. Diphenhydramine, an H1-antagonist, was without eff... | Cimetidine, an H2-antihistamine, stimulates prolactin secretion in man. Intravenous administration of cimetidine, a histamine (H2) receptor antagonist, provoked an immediate 2 to 3-fold rise in serum prolactin concentrations in 8 normal men; serum thyrotropin, growth hormone, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were not si... | [
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PMID:18489 | Value of sputum culture in diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. | In our laboratory, culture of sputum was extremely useful in diagnosing the etiology of pneumococcal pneumonia. Of 31 consecutive patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, 29 (94%) had Streptococcus pneumoniae cultured from sputum. Recovery of pneumococci in culture was enhanced by anaerobic incubation as well a... | Value of sputum culture in diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. In our laboratory, culture of sputum was extremely useful in diagnosing the etiology of pneumococcal pneumonia. Of 31 consecutive patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, 29 (94%) had Streptococcus pneumoniae cultured from sputum. Recovery of pneum... | [
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PMID:18490 | Cytochemical reactions of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes. | Rosetting and non-rosetting lymphocytes collected from normal individuals were stained for the presence of beta-glucuronidase, periodic-acid Schiff activity, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase, and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase. Lymphocytes which formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes and non-rosette f... | Cytochemical reactions of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes. Rosetting and non-rosetting lymphocytes collected from normal individuals were stained for the presence of beta-glucuronidase, periodic-acid Schiff activity, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, acid phosphatase, and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase. Lymphocytes wh... | [
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PMID:18491 | The effect of a new benzodiazepine on the polygraphically monitored sleep of normal volunteers. | All-night sleep was polygraphically monitored from ten normal volunteers who took placebo and three dosage levels of a new benzodiazepine hypnotic, SCH 16134, in a double-blind, crossover design. All dosages of the drug decreased the time to fall asleep, and the two highest dosages also decreased interspersed wakefulne... | The effect of a new benzodiazepine on the polygraphically monitored sleep of normal volunteers. All-night sleep was polygraphically monitored from ten normal volunteers who took placebo and three dosage levels of a new benzodiazepine hypnotic, SCH 16134, in a double-blind, crossover design. All dosages of the drug decr... | [
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PMID:18492 | Multiclinic double-blind comparison of triazolam and flurazepam for seven nights in outpatients with insomnia. | In this two-clinic seven-day double-blind study, 0.5 mg triazolam (Halcion) was compared to flurazepam (Dalmane) in the treatment of insomnia. Two clinical investigators completed 118 outpatients, 61 on triazolam and 57 on flurazepam. Five patients, four on triazolam and one on flurazepam, discontinued because of side ... | Multiclinic double-blind comparison of triazolam and flurazepam for seven nights in outpatients with insomnia. In this two-clinic seven-day double-blind study, 0.5 mg triazolam (Halcion) was compared to flurazepam (Dalmane) in the treatment of insomnia. Two clinical investigators completed 118 outpatients, 61 on triazo... | [
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PMID:18493 | Effect of a new benzodiazepine derivate, clobazam, in anxious patients with gastrointestinal disorders. | Thirty-four anxious patients with gastrointestinal disorders were studied in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a new 1,5-benzodiazepine antianxiety agent (HR 376). The disorders were classified as organic or functional according to the presence or absence of radiologic signs of ulcer. Dietetic measures, gastric an... | Effect of a new benzodiazepine derivate, clobazam, in anxious patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Thirty-four anxious patients with gastrointestinal disorders were studied in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a new 1,5-benzodiazepine antianxiety agent (HR 376). The disorders were classified as organic or fun... | [
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PMID:18494 | Effect of electrical stimulation of the autonomic nerves on the levels and synthesis of cyclic nucleotides in the rat salivary glands: relationship to enhanced growth. | Electrical stimulation of either the parasympathetic or the sympathetic nerve supply to the parotid and submaxillary glands increases the intracellular level of cyclic GMP and the rate of DNA synthesis and cell division while only sympathetic stimulation raises cyclic AMP levels. The periods of electrical stimulation i... | Effect of electrical stimulation of the autonomic nerves on the levels and synthesis of cyclic nucleotides in the rat salivary glands: relationship to enhanced growth. Electrical stimulation of either the parasympathetic or the sympathetic nerve supply to the parotid and submaxillary glands increases the intracellular ... | [
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PMID:18496 | Fetal and maternal plasma electrolytes, blood gases, and pH in dairy cows during late gestation. | Sodium, potassium, and chloride were determined in fetal and maternal plasma of six cows between 208 and 269 days of gestation. Blood pH and partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide also were measured in samples collected from the jugular vein of the cow and the caudal aorta and vena cava of the fetus. Concentrat... | Fetal and maternal plasma electrolytes, blood gases, and pH in dairy cows during late gestation. Sodium, potassium, and chloride were determined in fetal and maternal plasma of six cows between 208 and 269 days of gestation. Blood pH and partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide also were measured in samples colle... | [
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PMID:18540 | Biochemical and histocytochemical studies on response of ammonia-producing enzymes for nh4cl-induced acidosis. | NH4Cl-induced acidosis in rats resulted in renal enlargement and increase in activities of phosphate-dependent glutaminase and glutamic dehydrogenase. The renal enlargement was associated with protein synthesis but not deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. In control rats histochemical activity of glutamic dehydrogenase was... | Biochemical and histocytochemical studies on response of ammonia-producing enzymes for nh4cl-induced acidosis. NH4Cl-induced acidosis in rats resulted in renal enlargement and increase in activities of phosphate-dependent glutaminase and glutamic dehydrogenase. The renal enlargement was associated with protein synthesi... | [
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PMID:18541 | Bunyavirus isolations from mosquitoes in the western Canadian Arctic. | Strains of California encephalitis virus (snowshoe hare subtype) were isolated from 8 of 475 pools comprising 23 747 unengorged female mosquitoes of five species collected at three of six locations throughout the Mackenzie Valley of the Northwest Territories, Canada, from latitudes 60 to 69 degrees N between 10 and 24 ... | Bunyavirus isolations from mosquitoes in the western Canadian Arctic. Strains of California encephalitis virus (snowshoe hare subtype) were isolated from 8 of 475 pools comprising 23 747 unengorged female mosquitoes of five species collected at three of six locations throughout the Mackenzie Valley of the Northwest Ter... | [
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PMID:18543 | Regulation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. III. Synergism of cortico-resistant with anti-thymocyte serum-resistant splenic T cells in the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes in graft-vs-host reactions. | Lethally irradiated F1 hybrid mice were given an i.v. injection of parental strain spleen cells. Six days later, their spleen cells were used as the effector cells to measure the in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) of the parental cells. The treatment of the donors with hydrocortisone resulted in a marked decreas... | Regulation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. III. Synergism of cortico-resistant with anti-thymocyte serum-resistant splenic T cells in the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes in graft-vs-host reactions. Lethally irradiated F1 hybrid mice were given an i.v. injection of parental strain spleen cells. Six days later, their ... | [
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PMID:18546 | Differential susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis to mouse urine and to urea. | The purpose of this investigation was to compare the antimicrobial properties of mouse urine and of urea against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Nornal urine was found to inhibit the growth of E. coli and P. mirabilis, whereas urine from diuresing animals permitted multiplication of these bacteria. Addition of ... | Differential susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis to mouse urine and to urea. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the antimicrobial properties of mouse urine and of urea against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Nornal urine was found to inhibit the growth of E. coli and P. mirabi... | [
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PMID:18549 | Alteration of structure and penetrability of the vitelline envelope after passage of eggs from coelom to oviduct in Xenopus laevis. | The vitelline envelope (VE) that surrounds an egg released from the ovary into the coelom of Xenopus laevis differs markedly, in structure and penetrability, from the VE surrounding an oviposited egg. In a coelomic egg, the filaments that form the VE are arranged in distinct fascicles or bundles. The exterior surface o... | Alteration of structure and penetrability of the vitelline envelope after passage of eggs from coelom to oviduct in Xenopus laevis. The vitelline envelope (VE) that surrounds an egg released from the ovary into the coelom of Xenopus laevis differs markedly, in structure and penetrability, from the VE surrounding an ovi... | [
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PMID:18550 | Ribonucleotide reductase from herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2) infected and uninfected KB cells: properties of the partially purified enzymes. | Mammalian ribonucleotide reductase is a complex enzyme modified in its activity by a complex regulatory system involving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. Infection of KB cells with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 or 2 induces the formation of an altered ribonucleotide reductase. The... | Ribonucleotide reductase from herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2) infected and uninfected KB cells: properties of the partially purified enzymes. Mammalian ribonucleotide reductase is a complex enzyme modified in its activity by a complex regulatory system involving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and deoxyribonucleoside... | [
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PMID:18551 | MMPI changes in briefly hospitalized non-narcotic drug users. | The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was administered to 66 non-narcotic drug abusers as part of an intensive study of polydrug abuse. Patients were classified into four primary drug-of-abuse groups using either stimulants, barbiturates, other sedative-hypnotics, or a combination of these drugs. It wa... | MMPI changes in briefly hospitalized non-narcotic drug users. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was administered to 66 non-narcotic drug abusers as part of an intensive study of polydrug abuse. Patients were classified into four primary drug-of-abuse groups using either stimulants, barbiturates, ot... | [
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PMID:18552 | Inhibition of catecholamine release by alpha-adrenergic activation: interaction with Na, K-ATPase. | In rat adrenal gland incubated in vitro, phenylephrine and naphazoline inhibited the release of catecholamines (CA) induced in a medium containing K+ (5.6mM). In K+-free medium or in the presence of ouabain (10(-3) M) phenylephrine and naphazoline had no effect on CA release. The alpha-adrenergic blockers, phentolamine... | Inhibition of catecholamine release by alpha-adrenergic activation: interaction with Na, K-ATPase. In rat adrenal gland incubated in vitro, phenylephrine and naphazoline inhibited the release of catecholamines (CA) induced in a medium containing K+ (5.6mM). In K+-free medium or in the presence of ouabain (10(-3) M) phe... | [
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PMID:18553 | Suppression by GABAergic drugs of the locomotor stimulation induced by morphine, amphetamine, and apomorphine: evidence for both pre- and post-synaptic inhibition of catecholamine systems. | Locomotor stimulation induced in mice by morphine and amphetamine was antagonized by pretreatment with gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA) at doses which had little effect on saline treated animals. The effects of morphine and AOAA on the turnover of brain catecholamines (CA) were determined by me... | Suppression by GABAergic drugs of the locomotor stimulation induced by morphine, amphetamine, and apomorphine: evidence for both pre- and post-synaptic inhibition of catecholamine systems. Locomotor stimulation induced in mice by morphine and amphetamine was antagonized by pretreatment with gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) an... | [
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PMID:18565 | Metabolic fate of cyanocobalamin taken up by Spirometra mansonoides spargana. | Analysis of tissue from Spirometra mansonoides spargana has shown that cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) is metabolized to adenosylcobalamin and hydroxocobalamin. No methylcobalamin was detected. When the tissues were examined for enzymes which are known to utilize coenzyme forms of vitamin B12, only methylmalonyl CoA mutas... | Metabolic fate of cyanocobalamin taken up by Spirometra mansonoides spargana. Analysis of tissue from Spirometra mansonoides spargana has shown that cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) is metabolized to adenosylcobalamin and hydroxocobalamin. No methylcobalamin was detected. When the tissues were examined for enzymes which ar... | [
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PMID:18568 | The pharmacology of benoxaprofen (2-[4-chlorophenyl]-alpha-methyl-5-benzoxazole acetic acid), LRCL 3794, a new compound with antiinflammatory activity apparently unrelated to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. | Benoxaprofen is a potent and long-acting anti-inflammatory and antipyretic compound. Its anti-inflammatory activity has been demonstrated in carrageenan-induced oedema, in cellulose pellet granuloma and in both developing and established adjuvant arthritis tests in rats. Its antipyretic activity is greater than either ... | The pharmacology of benoxaprofen (2-[4-chlorophenyl]-alpha-methyl-5-benzoxazole acetic acid), LRCL 3794, a new compound with antiinflammatory activity apparently unrelated to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Benoxaprofen is a potent and long-acting anti-inflammatory and antipyretic compound. Its anti-inflammatory... | [
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PMID:18571 | The in vitro metabolism of 2-nitroso-1-phenylpropane dimer by fortified 9000g supernatants from rabbit liver. | 2-Nitroso-1-phenylpropane dimer, a postulated metabolic product of amphetamine, was metabolized by fortified 9000 g supernatants from rabbit liver, mainly by oxidation on the carbon beta to the nitrogen to form a "beta-hydroxylated nitroso dimer'. The corresponding nitro compound, ketone and alcohol were also products,... | The in vitro metabolism of 2-nitroso-1-phenylpropane dimer by fortified 9000g supernatants from rabbit liver. 2-Nitroso-1-phenylpropane dimer, a postulated metabolic product of amphetamine, was metabolized by fortified 9000 g supernatants from rabbit liver, mainly by oxidation on the carbon beta to the nitrogen to form... | [
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PMID:18572 | Application of orthogonal functions to the spectrophotometric determination of phenytoin and phenobarbitone in pharmaceutical preparations. | Orthogonal polynomial functions have been used in the simultaneous determination of mixtures of phenytoin and phenobarbitone in pharmaceutical preparations. The mean recovery (9 determinations) and coefficeint of variation were 100-0 +/- 1-4% for phenobarbitone and 100-0 +/-1-3% for phenytoin. Neither the delta A metho... | Application of orthogonal functions to the spectrophotometric determination of phenytoin and phenobarbitone in pharmaceutical preparations. Orthogonal polynomial functions have been used in the simultaneous determination of mixtures of phenytoin and phenobarbitone in pharmaceutical preparations. The mean recovery (9 de... | [
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PMID:18573 | Autoxidation of N-hydroxyphenylalkylamines: the inhibitory effect of some anions on copper catalysed autoxidation of N-hydroxyphentermine. | The inhibitory effect of certain electrolytes and buffers on the copper catalysed autoxidation of N-hydroxyphentermine (2-hydroxylamino-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane) has been investigated. The presence of ions such as SO4(2-), Cl- or Br- markedly reduced the rate of oxidation. Phosphate and carbonate buffers had a similar ... | Autoxidation of N-hydroxyphenylalkylamines: the inhibitory effect of some anions on copper catalysed autoxidation of N-hydroxyphentermine. The inhibitory effect of certain electrolytes and buffers on the copper catalysed autoxidation of N-hydroxyphentermine (2-hydroxylamino-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane) has been investiga... | [
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PMID:18574 | Generated surface area measurement of disintegrating tablets. | The surface areas generated by the disintegration and dissolution of six commercial brands of phenylbutazone tablets B.P. 100 mg have been measured using a Model TA Coulter Counter. The graphs of surface area generated against time were all of the same shape and always reached a maximum value. The initial surface area ... | Generated surface area measurement of disintegrating tablets. The surface areas generated by the disintegration and dissolution of six commercial brands of phenylbutazone tablets B.P. 100 mg have been measured using a Model TA Coulter Counter. The graphs of surface area generated against time were all of the same shape... | [
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PMID:18591 | Hydrolysis and epimerization kinetics of hetacillin in aqueous solution. | Methods were developed for quantitating epimerization to epihetacillin and hydrolysis to ampicillin in the alkaline degradation of hetacillin, and both rates in deuterium oxide at 35 degrees and in water at various temperatures were determined. In each case, plots of log k for the epimerization against pH or pD yielded... | Hydrolysis and epimerization kinetics of hetacillin in aqueous solution. Methods were developed for quantitating epimerization to epihetacillin and hydrolysis to ampicillin in the alkaline degradation of hetacillin, and both rates in deuterium oxide at 35 degrees and in water at various temperatures were determined. In... | [
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PMID:18592 | Actions of mescaline on isolated rat atria. | Mescaline, in concentrations of 5 x 10(-4) and 1 x 10(-3) M, produced negative chronotropic and positive inotropic responses in isolated, spontaneously beating rat atria. In tissues driven at a constant rate, the inotropic response was diminished greatly, indicating that the increment in the force of contraction was se... | Actions of mescaline on isolated rat atria. Mescaline, in concentrations of 5 x 10(-4) and 1 x 10(-3) M, produced negative chronotropic and positive inotropic responses in isolated, spontaneously beating rat atria. In tissues driven at a constant rate, the inotropic response was diminished greatly, indicating that the ... | [
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PMID:18593 | Electronic absorption spectra and protolytic equilibria of doxorubicin: direct spectrophotometric determination of microconstants. | The ground- and excited-state dissociation constants and the electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra of doxorubicin were investigated by spectrophotometry. A general method for the direct calculation of individual microscopic dissociation constants was derived using the spectrophotometric data obtained. It was c... | Electronic absorption spectra and protolytic equilibria of doxorubicin: direct spectrophotometric determination of microconstants. The ground- and excited-state dissociation constants and the electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra of doxorubicin were investigated by spectrophotometry. A general method for the d... | [
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PMID:18594 | Solubility and ionization characteristics of phenytoin. | The solubility of phenytoin was determined in pH 7.4 and 5.4 phosphate buffers at five temperatures; in hydroalcoholic solutions, 0--4% methanol; and in pH 4.8--8.4 buffer solutions. From the temperature data, the enthalpy and entropy of solution of this nonideal system were calculated and were similar at both pH value... | Solubility and ionization characteristics of phenytoin. The solubility of phenytoin was determined in pH 7.4 and 5.4 phosphate buffers at five temperatures; in hydroalcoholic solutions, 0--4% methanol; and in pH 4.8--8.4 buffer solutions. From the temperature data, the enthalpy and entropy of solution of this nonideal ... | [
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PMID:18595 | Determination of acenocoumarol in plasma and urine by double radioisotope derivative analysis. | Acenocoumarol, to which a 14C-labeled internal standard has been added, is extracted at pH 4 into ethyl acetate-heptane (20:80 v/v), back-extracted into aqueous sodium hydroxide solution after solvent washing with a pH 7 buffer, and reextracted after acidification in the solvent mixture. It is then acetylated with 3H-a... | Determination of acenocoumarol in plasma and urine by double radioisotope derivative analysis. Acenocoumarol, to which a 14C-labeled internal standard has been added, is extracted at pH 4 into ethyl acetate-heptane (20:80 v/v), back-extracted into aqueous sodium hydroxide solution after solvent washing with a pH 7 buff... | [
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PMID:18596 | Kinetics of accumulation, efflux and the pharmacological effects of tritiated dihydroazapetine on the rabbit aorta. | Azepatine, a potent alpha adrenergic antagonist, was catalytically reduced with tritium and hydrogen gas to form dihydroazapetine. The pA2 azapetine was 7.9 whereas that of dihydroazapetine was 6.6, corresponding to a 20-fold decrease in potency. 3H-dihydroazapetine is accumulated into three kinetically distinct compar... | Kinetics of accumulation, efflux and the pharmacological effects of tritiated dihydroazapetine on the rabbit aorta. Azepatine, a potent alpha adrenergic antagonist, was catalytically reduced with tritium and hydrogen gas to form dihydroazapetine. The pA2 azapetine was 7.9 whereas that of dihydroazapetine was 6.6, corre... | [
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PMID:18599 | Differences in pulmonary and cardiovascular beta receptors in the guinea pig and rabbit. | An in vivo preparation, in which a body plethysmograph was incorporated, was useful in monitoring the cardiopulmonary effects of pharmacological agents in the guinea pig and rabbit. Isoproterenol, given 30 seconds prior to histamine challenge, reproducibly blocked histamine-induced dynamic compliance decreases and incr... | Differences in pulmonary and cardiovascular beta receptors in the guinea pig and rabbit. An in vivo preparation, in which a body plethysmograph was incorporated, was useful in monitoring the cardiopulmonary effects of pharmacological agents in the guinea pig and rabbit. Isoproterenol, given 30 seconds prior to histamin... | [
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PMID:18601 | Phosphofructokinase of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania braziliensis and its role in glycolysis. | It was shown in an investigation of the phosphofructokinases of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania braziliensis that both enzymes are similar to that of Crithidia fasciculata. Although the enzymes are allosteric with respect to their substrates and require AMP for activation, there is no influence by other heterotropic... | Phosphofructokinase of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania braziliensis and its role in glycolysis. It was shown in an investigation of the phosphofructokinases of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania braziliensis that both enzymes are similar to that of Crithidia fasciculata. Although the enzymes are allosteric with resp... | [
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PMID:18603 | Nature of the rabbit acrosome reaction-inducing activity of follicular fluid. | Follicular fluid samples from rabbits, cats, pigs, women and cows had acrosome reaction-inducing activity (ARIA) on rabbit spermatozoa as determined by differential staining after incubation with these fluids. Activity was retained after dialysis and at least 50% was found to be labile when heated to 56 degrees C for a... | Nature of the rabbit acrosome reaction-inducing activity of follicular fluid. Follicular fluid samples from rabbits, cats, pigs, women and cows had acrosome reaction-inducing activity (ARIA) on rabbit spermatozoa as determined by differential staining after incubation with these fluids. Activity was retained after dial... | [
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PMID:18606 | Experimental E. coli arthritis in the rabbit. A model of infectious and post-infectious inflammatory synovitis. | Rabbit knee joints challenged with E. coli 06 underwent a self-limited infection lasting several weeks followed by a prolonged post-infectious inflammatory arthritis. The E. coli used did not possess collagenolytic activity nor did a variety of common aerobic clinical isolates. Articular cartilage destruction occurred ... | Experimental E. coli arthritis in the rabbit. A model of infectious and post-infectious inflammatory synovitis. Rabbit knee joints challenged with E. coli 06 underwent a self-limited infection lasting several weeks followed by a prolonged post-infectious inflammatory arthritis. The E. coli used did not possess collagen... | [
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PMID:18608 | An analysis of the professional performance of physician's assistants. | The job performance of a national sample of 939 physician's assistants has been assessed by means of a self-rating scale as well as by a rating scale completed by supervising physicians. Three-quarters of the participating supervising physicians are greatly satisfied with the work of their physician's assistants and a ... | An analysis of the professional performance of physician's assistants. The job performance of a national sample of 939 physician's assistants has been assessed by means of a self-rating scale as well as by a rating scale completed by supervising physicians. Three-quarters of the participating supervising physicians are... | [
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PMID:18614 | Glycosidase susceptibility: a probe for the distribution of glycoprotein oligosaccharides in Sindbis virus. | Intact Sindbis virus and Triton-solubilized viral glycoprotein were treated with alpha-mannosidase and with a preparation of mixed glycosidases from Diplococcus pneumoniae to probe the accesibility of carbohydrate units on the viral surface. The products of glycosidase attack on Triton-solubilized virus showed that mos... | Glycosidase susceptibility: a probe for the distribution of glycoprotein oligosaccharides in Sindbis virus. Intact Sindbis virus and Triton-solubilized viral glycoprotein were treated with alpha-mannosidase and with a preparation of mixed glycosidases from Diplococcus pneumoniae to probe the accesibility of carbohydrat... | [
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PMID:18616 | Acute purulent otitis media in children older than 5 years. Incidence of Haemophilus as a causative organism. | It is generally believed that Haemophilus influenzae is not commonly a causative agent of otitis media in children older than 5 years of age. We recently studied cases of 58 children, aged from 5 to 9 years, who had acute otitis media. Haemophilus species were the causative agents in 36% of cases. This high incidence o... | Acute purulent otitis media in children older than 5 years. Incidence of Haemophilus as a causative organism. It is generally believed that Haemophilus influenzae is not commonly a causative agent of otitis media in children older than 5 years of age. We recently studied cases of 58 children, aged from 5 to 9 years, wh... | [
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PMID:18618 | Severe combined immunodeficiency disease. Characterization of the disease and results of transplantation. | Pretransplant and posttransplant data for 69 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease are presented. Both B and T lymphocyte functions were absent in approximately 80% of the children and markedly depressed in the remainder. Transplantation of marrow from HLA genotypically identical donors provided the hi... | Severe combined immunodeficiency disease. Characterization of the disease and results of transplantation. Pretransplant and posttransplant data for 69 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease are presented. Both B and T lymphocyte functions were absent in approximately 80% of the children and markedly dep... | [
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PMID:18620 | Nephropathia epidemica. The Scandinavian form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. | We report epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and biopsy findings in 14 cases of nephropathia epidemica. The patients were between 19 and 49 years of age. The onset of the disease was characterized by high fever, nausea, headache, backache, abdominal pain, proteinuria, oliguria, hematuria, and uremia. The symptoms sub... | Nephropathia epidemica. The Scandinavian form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. We report epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and biopsy findings in 14 cases of nephropathia epidemica. The patients were between 19 and 49 years of age. The onset of the disease was characterized by high fever, nausea, headache, ... | [
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PMID:18623 | Pharmacologic analysis of stretch-induced sinus acceleration of the isolated dog atrium. | Using isolated, blood-perfused atrium preparation of the dogs, the effect of stretch on sinus rate was studied in 11 preparations. Stretching usually produced sinus acceleration in all 11 spontaneously beating atria. Within a range of 0--30 Gm, greater degrees of stretch produced greater degrees of sinus acceleration. ... | Pharmacologic analysis of stretch-induced sinus acceleration of the isolated dog atrium. Using isolated, blood-perfused atrium preparation of the dogs, the effect of stretch on sinus rate was studied in 11 preparations. Stretching usually produced sinus acceleration in all 11 spontaneously beating atria. Within a range... | [
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PMID:18629 | A comparative study of the effects of OPC-1085 and propranolol on isolated guinea pig atrium. | Effects of a newly synthesized beta-blocker, 5-(3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxy) propoxy-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril (OPC-1085) were compared with those of propranolol. OPC-1085 had a potency about 3 times greater than that of propranolol in blocking the positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of isoprenaline on the isolate... | A comparative study of the effects of OPC-1085 and propranolol on isolated guinea pig atrium. Effects of a newly synthesized beta-blocker, 5-(3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxy) propoxy-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril (OPC-1085) were compared with those of propranolol. OPC-1085 had a potency about 3 times greater than that of proprano... | [
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PMID:18630 | Stimulative effects of chelating agents, 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline, on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. | Well known lipid peroxidation inhibitors, 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2'-bipyridine, stimulated microsomal NADPH- and ascorbic acid-dependent lipid peroxidation when low concentrations of these chelating agents were added to incubation mixture. The stimulatory effects of the chelating agents on lipid peroxidation were en... | Stimulative effects of chelating agents, 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline, on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Well known lipid peroxidation inhibitors, 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2'-bipyridine, stimulated microsomal NADPH- and ascorbic acid-dependent lipid peroxidation when low concentrations of these... | [
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PMID:18631 | Analysis of hypotensive mechanisms of pindolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in rats. | The hypotensive mechanisms of pindolol in anesthetized and conscious rats were investigated. Pindolol caused a fall in blood pressure in anesthetized, conscious and spinal rats, though in conscious rats a higher dose of the drug was required to produce such a response. This hypotension with pindolol in anesthetized and... | Analysis of hypotensive mechanisms of pindolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in rats. The hypotensive mechanisms of pindolol in anesthetized and conscious rats were investigated. Pindolol caused a fall in blood pressure in anesthetized, conscious and spinal rats, though in conscious rats a higher dose of the drug... | [
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PMID:18635 | Drug-induced dystonic reactions. | In the 12 unusual cases of drug-induced dystonic reaction discussed, major tranquilizers were ingested unaccompanied by anti-parkinsonian drugs. The five characteristics of the drug-induced dystonic reactions are oculogyric crisis, torticollic crisis, buccolingual crisis, opisthotonic crisis, and tortipelvic and gait c... | Drug-induced dystonic reactions. In the 12 unusual cases of drug-induced dystonic reaction discussed, major tranquilizers were ingested unaccompanied by anti-parkinsonian drugs. The five characteristics of the drug-induced dystonic reactions are oculogyric crisis, torticollic crisis, buccolingual crisis, opisthotonic c... | [
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PMID:18637 | [Ocular disturbances in asthenic neurosis and their treatment (author's transl)]. | The author has studied over 200 cases of asthenic neurosis. The ocular manifestations could be classified into four clinical types according to the dominant ocular symptoms. 58.34% of these patients were female and 41.66% were male. 78% of the patients were between 20 and 40 years. 59% were students. In 75% of these ca... | [Ocular disturbances in asthenic neurosis and their treatment (author's transl)]. The author has studied over 200 cases of asthenic neurosis. The ocular manifestations could be classified into four clinical types according to the dominant ocular symptoms. 58.34% of these patients were female and 41.66% were male. 78% o... | [
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PMID:18638 | Plasma catecholamines in exercise induced bronchoconstriction. | Plasma nor-epinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) levels at rest and immediately after exercise were estimated in 8 patients with asymptomatic extrinsic allergic bronchial asthma. The patients had a normal airway resistance at rest and developed a marked bronchoconstriction (EIB) during exercise, which could be prevented... | Plasma catecholamines in exercise induced bronchoconstriction. Plasma nor-epinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) levels at rest and immediately after exercise were estimated in 8 patients with asymptomatic extrinsic allergic bronchial asthma. The patients had a normal airway resistance at rest and developed a marked bron... | [
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PMID:18640 | Allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Report and analysis of 30 cases. | The clinical and morphologic findings of allergic granulomatosis and angiitis of Churg and Strauss in 21 men and 9 women were reviewed. The classic features are those of systemic vasculitis in a setting of bronchial asthma and eosinophilia. Pathologically there is necrotizing vasculitis of small arteries and veins with... | Allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Report and analysis of 30 cases. The clinical and morphologic findings of allergic granulomatosis and angiitis of Churg and Strauss in 21 men and 9 women were reviewed. The classic features are those of systemic vasculitis in a setting of bronchial asthma a... | [
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PMID:18647 | Interrelationship between the dietary regulation of fatty acid synthesis and the fatty acyl-CoA desaturases. | In this paper we present further evidence for the close control of fatty acid synthetase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Furthermore, we have established that whereas dietary palmitic acid may influence the activity of this desaturase but not of fatty acid synthetase, dietary linoleic acid appears to control both these en... | Interrelationship between the dietary regulation of fatty acid synthesis and the fatty acyl-CoA desaturases. In this paper we present further evidence for the close control of fatty acid synthetase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Furthermore, we have established that whereas dietary palmitic acid may influence the activit... | [
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PMID:18648 | Studies on the inhibition of the desaturases by cyclopropenoid fatty acids. | Unwashed rat liver microsomes were used to study the inhibition of the delta6 and delta9 desaturases by cyclopropenoid fatty acids with the ring structure about the 9,10 or 6,7 carbon atoms. The 9,10 cyclopropenoid acid (sterculic acid) is shown to be an effective inhibitor of only delta9 desaturase and then only in th... | Studies on the inhibition of the desaturases by cyclopropenoid fatty acids. Unwashed rat liver microsomes were used to study the inhibition of the delta6 and delta9 desaturases by cyclopropenoid fatty acids with the ring structure about the 9,10 or 6,7 carbon atoms. The 9,10 cyclopropenoid acid (sterculic acid) is show... | [
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PMID:18651 | Penicillin combinations against multi-resistant urinary pathogens as an alternative to gentamycin treatment. | A total of 42 multi-resistant urinary pathogens, sensitive to gentamycin only, were investigated with regard to the effects of dicloxacillin and ampicillin or cloxacillin/flucloxacillin and amoxycillin in combination. A synergistic antibiotic effect with resulting low MIC levels was demonstrated for 81% of the strains.... | Penicillin combinations against multi-resistant urinary pathogens as an alternative to gentamycin treatment. A total of 42 multi-resistant urinary pathogens, sensitive to gentamycin only, were investigated with regard to the effects of dicloxacillin and ampicillin or cloxacillin/flucloxacillin and amoxycillin in combin... | [
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PMID:18652 | Pathway of glucose catabolism in Caulobacter crescentus. | Glucose when present as a sole organic carbon source in a mineral salts medium is dissimilated by Caulobacter crescentus ATCC 15252 (strain CB-2) by the Entner-Doudoroff pathway throughout the culture cycle (exponential, transition, and stationary phase). Most of the available glucose that is present at the onset of ex... | Pathway of glucose catabolism in Caulobacter crescentus. Glucose when present as a sole organic carbon source in a mineral salts medium is dissimilated by Caulobacter crescentus ATCC 15252 (strain CB-2) by the Entner-Doudoroff pathway throughout the culture cycle (exponential, transition, and stationary phase). Most of... | [
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PMID:18656 | Changes in blood pressure and antihypertensive treatment in a community over four years. | In 1971 persons aged 50 to 59 years in Albury were screened for hypertension and those with diastolic blood pressure equal to or over 110 mm Hg were notified. On screening of the sample in 1975, the proportion of persons receiving treatment had doubled to 22%. Most of those newly receiving treatment in 1975 had had dia... | Changes in blood pressure and antihypertensive treatment in a community over four years. In 1971 persons aged 50 to 59 years in Albury were screened for hypertension and those with diastolic blood pressure equal to or over 110 mm Hg were notified. On screening of the sample in 1975, the proportion of persons receiving ... | [
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PMID:18653 | [Influence of amino acids on synthesis of extracellular proteases by Actinomyces thermovulgaris]. | Various amino acids had different effect on the synthesis of exocellular proteases by Actinomyces thermovulgaris T-54. Glutamine and arginine induced the synthesis, the effect depending on their concentration in the medium. Other amino acids inhibited the synthesis of proteases. The synthesis of alkaline and neutral pr... | [Influence of amino acids on synthesis of extracellular proteases by Actinomyces thermovulgaris]. Various amino acids had different effect on the synthesis of exocellular proteases by Actinomyces thermovulgaris T-54. Glutamine and arginine induced the synthesis, the effect depending on their concentration in the medium... | [
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PMID:18658 | A comparison of the genetic and physical size of the streptomycin resistance locus in Pneumococcus. | Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the 30S ribosomal proteins derived from six streptomycin resistant strains indicates that each mutation alters the same ribosomal protein (str-r protein). Preliminary data utilizing SDS gels indicates that the str-r protein has a molecular weight between 10,000 and 20,000 daltons. ... | A comparison of the genetic and physical size of the streptomycin resistance locus in Pneumococcus. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the 30S ribosomal proteins derived from six streptomycin resistant strains indicates that each mutation alters the same ribosomal protein (str-r protein). Preliminary data utilizing ... | [
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PMID:18655 | [Ecologic features of cultures of the species Clostridium gürfelii]. | The Clostridium cultures decomposing pectin were isolated from flax straw during flax retting. The activity was manifested only at high pH values, the optimum pH being 6.7--8.2. Such ecological adaptation of the cultures is determined by the properties of the pectolytic enzyme complex which they synthesize. The complex... | [Ecologic features of cultures of the species Clostridium gürfelii]. The Clostridium cultures decomposing pectin were isolated from flax straw during flax retting. The activity was manifested only at high pH values, the optimum pH being 6.7--8.2. Such ecological adaptation of the cultures is determined by the propertie... | [
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PMID:18664 | Organization of purpine degradation in the liver of a teleost (carp; Cyprinus carpio L.). A study of its subcellular distribution. | Carp liver was fractionated by differential and density gradient centrifugation and assayed for enzymes of purine catabolism. While urate oxidase is an exclusively peroxisomal enzyme, only a very small percentage of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, allantoinase and allantoicase is associated with subcellular or ganelle fr... | Organization of purpine degradation in the liver of a teleost (carp; Cyprinus carpio L.). A study of its subcellular distribution. Carp liver was fractionated by differential and density gradient centrifugation and assayed for enzymes of purine catabolism. While urate oxidase is an exclusively peroxisomal enzyme, only ... | [
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PMID:18665 | Enzymatic synthesis of polyprenol monophosphate mannose in insects. | The microsomal fraction of insects was found to contain an enzyme which transfers mannose from guanosine diphosphate mannose to an endogenous or exogenous insect lipid and to other acceptors such as dolichol monophosphate or ficaprenol monophosphate. This activity depended on the presence of Triton X-100 and magnesium ... | Enzymatic synthesis of polyprenol monophosphate mannose in insects. The microsomal fraction of insects was found to contain an enzyme which transfers mannose from guanosine diphosphate mannose to an endogenous or exogenous insect lipid and to other acceptors such as dolichol monophosphate or ficaprenol monophosphate. T... | [
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PMID:18666 | A primer independent activity of rabbit muscle phosphorylase b. | Rabbit muscle phosphorylase b was found to be capable of forming protein bound alpha-1,4 glucosyl chains upon incubation of the enzyme with appropriate concentrations of glucose-1-phosphate with no primer addition (unprimed synthesis). This activity would only be present in a small fraction of the total muscle phosphor... | A primer independent activity of rabbit muscle phosphorylase b. Rabbit muscle phosphorylase b was found to be capable of forming protein bound alpha-1,4 glucosyl chains upon incubation of the enzyme with appropriate concentrations of glucose-1-phosphate with no primer addition (unprimed synthesis). This activity would ... | [
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PMID:18667 | Sucrose metabolism in green algae. I. The presence of sucrose synthetase and sucrose phosphate synthetase. | The presence of sucrose synthetase and sucrose phosphate synthetase has been demonstrated in two species of green algae: Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus. Partial purification from crude extracts allowed the determination of the kinetic constants of algae enzymes. They are very similar to the ones reported f... | Sucrose metabolism in green algae. I. The presence of sucrose synthetase and sucrose phosphate synthetase. The presence of sucrose synthetase and sucrose phosphate synthetase has been demonstrated in two species of green algae: Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus. Partial purification from crude extracts allowe... | [
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PMID:18668 | Trisialoganglioside synthesis by a chicken brain sialyltransferase. Comparative study with the similar reaction for the synthesis of disialoganglioside. | An enzyme preparation from embryonic chicken brain catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid to ceramide-Glc-Gal(NeuAc-NeuAc)-GalNAc-Gal (GDlb) to form ceramide-Glc-Gal(NeuAc-NeuAc)-GalNAc-Gal-NeuAc (GTlb). The sialyltransferase activity was measured during the development of the embryo, th... | Trisialoganglioside synthesis by a chicken brain sialyltransferase. Comparative study with the similar reaction for the synthesis of disialoganglioside. An enzyme preparation from embryonic chicken brain catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid to ceramide-Glc-Gal(NeuAc-NeuAc)-GalNAc-Gal (... | [
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PMID:18669 | Porphyrin biosynthesis. Immobilized enzymes. IV. Studies on aminolaevulate dehydratase attached to Sepharose. | Bovine liver aminolaevulate dehydratase (ALA-D) has been chemically attached to Sepharose 4B and its properties have been studied. The optimal conditions for coupling have been determined. It was found that the immobilized enzyme retained a significant percentage of the activity of the free enzyme. The coupling yield w... | Porphyrin biosynthesis. Immobilized enzymes. IV. Studies on aminolaevulate dehydratase attached to Sepharose. Bovine liver aminolaevulate dehydratase (ALA-D) has been chemically attached to Sepharose 4B and its properties have been studied. The optimal conditions for coupling have been determined. It was found that the... | [
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PMID:18670 | [Complications of pertussis immunization (author transl)]. | 16 cases of neurological disease and/or death shortly after pertussis immunization are reported. Eight patients had convulsions, six with ensuing permanent defects. Severe polymyositis was observed in one case. Five infants died 12 h to 4 days after vaccination: two after acute encephalopathy and three in the form of a... | [Complications of pertussis immunization (author transl)]. 16 cases of neurological disease and/or death shortly after pertussis immunization are reported. Eight patients had convulsions, six with ensuing permanent defects. Severe polymyositis was observed in one case. Five infants died 12 h to 4 days after vaccination... | [
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PMID:18672 | Amelioration of metabolic acidosis with fludrocortisone therapy in hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. | In four patients with renal hyperchloremic acidosis and hyperkalemia, hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism and chronic renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rates of 13, 31, 35 and 44 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), prolonged administration of fludrocortisone increased urinary potassium and net acid excretion, corrected hy... | Amelioration of metabolic acidosis with fludrocortisone therapy in hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. In four patients with renal hyperchloremic acidosis and hyperkalemia, hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism and chronic renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rates of 13, 31, 35 and 44 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), prolonge... | [
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PMID:18682 | The scientific foundations of clinical enzymology. | Clinical enzymology is the study of the activity and properties of enzymes in specimens (usually of blood) taken from patients, as an aid to the diagnosis and understanding of disease. Research in many areas of enzymology is undertaken to strengthen the foundations on which the clinical interpretation of such enzyme me... | The scientific foundations of clinical enzymology. Clinical enzymology is the study of the activity and properties of enzymes in specimens (usually of blood) taken from patients, as an aid to the diagnosis and understanding of disease. Research in many areas of enzymology is undertaken to strengthen the foundations on ... | [
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PMID:18683 | Modification of actins by phallotoxins. | Phallotoxins bind to filamentous actin (F-actin) from liver or rabbit muscle with Kdiss approximately 10(-8) M. By this combination the structure of F-actin is stabilized to such an extent that it will be resistant to the depolymerizing action of 0.6 M KI and of deoxyribonuclease I, to denaturation by heat (70 degrees ... | Modification of actins by phallotoxins. Phallotoxins bind to filamentous actin (F-actin) from liver or rabbit muscle with Kdiss approximately 10(-8) M. By this combination the structure of F-actin is stabilized to such an extent that it will be resistant to the depolymerizing action of 0.6 M KI and of deoxyribonuclease... | [
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PMID:18684 | Characteristics of chick cerebral beta-adrenoceptors assessed by cyclic adenosine 3',5' monophosphate formation and [3H]-propranolol binding. | Chick cerebral beta-adrenoceptors have been characterised by measurement of cyclic AMP accumulation in brain slices and assessment of the specific binding of [3H]-propranolol to cerebral membranes. The binding of [3H]-propranolol was inhibited by beta-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists with affinities that correlate... | Characteristics of chick cerebral beta-adrenoceptors assessed by cyclic adenosine 3',5' monophosphate formation and [3H]-propranolol binding. Chick cerebral beta-adrenoceptors have been characterised by measurement of cyclic AMP accumulation in brain slices and assessment of the specific binding of [3H]-propranolol to ... | [
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PMID:18686 | On the optimal dosage of Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (MIF) in neuropharmacological tests and clinical use. | Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (MIF) inhibits the tremor induced by oxotremorine. Objective measurement of this tremor permits the drawing of a dose-effect curve. The inhibitory effect of the peptide increases linearly with increasing doses until an optimum is reached (between 30 and 40 mg/kg i.p.). At still higher doses the peptide ... | On the optimal dosage of Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (MIF) in neuropharmacological tests and clinical use. Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (MIF) inhibits the tremor induced by oxotremorine. Objective measurement of this tremor permits the drawing of a dose-effect curve. The inhibitory effect of the peptide increases linearly with increasing doses... | [
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PMID:18689 | [Use of an anxiolytic agent (lorazepam) in low doses in the treatment of anxiety states]. | A nonblind clinical study was carried out by administering Lorazepam at a low dosage to patients with a light to moderate state of reactive anxiety. The drug was shown to be effective in the management of the target symptoms studied: anorexia, sleep induction, rhythm, and duration disturbances, depression, irritability... | [Use of an anxiolytic agent (lorazepam) in low doses in the treatment of anxiety states]. A nonblind clinical study was carried out by administering Lorazepam at a low dosage to patients with a light to moderate state of reactive anxiety. The drug was shown to be effective in the management of the target symptoms studi... | [
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PMID:18698 | Injuries to the ankle and foot in athletics. | Accurate diagnosis in ligament and ligament-bone injuries of the foot and ankle demands a knowledge of the anatomy and mechanics of the foot and ankle, a good history of the mechanism of injury, clinical examination including fingertip palpation and assessment of stability, and adequate x-ray studies, perferably in the... | Injuries to the ankle and foot in athletics. Accurate diagnosis in ligament and ligament-bone injuries of the foot and ankle demands a knowledge of the anatomy and mechanics of the foot and ankle, a good history of the mechanism of injury, clinical examination including fingertip palpation and assessment of stability, ... | [
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PMID:18701 | Polyarteritis nodosa in older children. | Polyarteritis in the older child is thought to be a rare disease. This study describes 11 children, 3 to 12 years of age, with polyarteritis seen over a five-year period. Fever, abdominal pain, hypertension, and leukocytosis were found in almost all. Renal disease occurred in eight. Examination of muscle, gut, or kidne... | Polyarteritis nodosa in older children. Polyarteritis in the older child is thought to be a rare disease. This study describes 11 children, 3 to 12 years of age, with polyarteritis seen over a five-year period. Fever, abdominal pain, hypertension, and leukocytosis were found in almost all. Renal disease occurred in eig... | [
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PMID:18703 | Properties of the HCO-3-stimulated Mg2+ -ATPase activity in red cell membranes. | The HCO-3-stimulated Mg2+ -ATPase activity in red cell ghost fragments was investigated. Increasing the HCO-3 concentration in the incubation medium resulted in increased ATPase activity. NaHCO3 appeared to be more effective than KHCO3 in this regard. The ATPase activities were slightly stimulated by increases in ionic... | Properties of the HCO-3-stimulated Mg2+ -ATPase activity in red cell membranes. The HCO-3-stimulated Mg2+ -ATPase activity in red cell ghost fragments was investigated. Increasing the HCO-3 concentration in the incubation medium resulted in increased ATPase activity. NaHCO3 appeared to be more effective than KHCO3 in t... | [
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PMID:18728 | Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa. | Two cases of lung granulomata associated with "crescentic" glomerulonephritis both in a clinical setting of polyarteritis nodosa were treated with high doses of intravenous methylprednisolone ("pulse therapy") in single injections of 30 mg/kg body-weight. In the first case rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with 10... | Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa. Two cases of lung granulomata associated with "crescentic" glomerulonephritis both in a clinical setting of polyarteritis nodosa were treated with high doses of intravenous methylprednisolone ("pulse therapy") in single injections of 30 mg/kg bo... | [
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PMID:18734 | Cryoenzymology in mixed solvents without cosolvent effects on enzyme specific activity. | Water-soluble polyelectrolytes in interaction with proteins are described. These polyelectrolytes make it possible to investigate enzyme-catalyzed reactions in cooled mixed solvents without the usual effects of their organic solvent component on enzyme specific activity. The applicability of techniques developed is il... | Cryoenzymology in mixed solvents without cosolvent effects on enzyme specific activity. Water-soluble polyelectrolytes in interaction with proteins are described. These polyelectrolytes make it possible to investigate enzyme-catalyzed reactions in cooled mixed solvents without the usual effects of their organic solvent... | [
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PMID:18735 | A role for asparaginyl-tRNA in the regulation of asparagine synthetase in a mammalian cell line. | The expression of asparagine synthetase activity [L-aspartate:ammonia ligase (AMP-forming), EC 6.3.1.1] in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells is regulated by asparagine. After transfer of CHO cells from an asparagine-supplemented medium to a medium lacking asparagine, activity increases 1.5- to 2-fold. If aspar... | A role for asparaginyl-tRNA in the regulation of asparagine synthetase in a mammalian cell line. The expression of asparagine synthetase activity [L-aspartate:ammonia ligase (AMP-forming), EC 6.3.1.1] in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells is regulated by asparagine. After transfer of CHO cells from an asparagin... | [
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PMID:18736 | Isolation of a chloroplast N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding proteolipid, active in proton translocation. | The N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding proteolipid from lettuce chloroplast membranes has been purified by a novel, rapid technique involving I-butanol extraction and ether precipitation. Reconstitution of this proteolipid into liposomes composed of chloroplast lipids and subsequent incorporation of bacteriorhodopsi... | Isolation of a chloroplast N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding proteolipid, active in proton translocation. The N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding proteolipid from lettuce chloroplast membranes has been purified by a novel, rapid technique involving I-butanol extraction and ether precipitation. Reconstitution of t... | [
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PMID:18744 | Lack of effect of chronically administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on regional rat brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity. | Chronic treatment of adult male rats with TRH (1 or 10 mg/kg IP) for 5 or 9 days failed to alter the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the enzyme regulating the rate-limiting step in catecholamine biosynthesis. In contrast, as previously described, chronic reserpine administration (0.5 mg/kg IP: 9 days) resulted i... | Lack of effect of chronically administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on regional rat brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity. Chronic treatment of adult male rats with TRH (1 or 10 mg/kg IP) for 5 or 9 days failed to alter the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the enzyme regulating the rate-limiting step in ... | [
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PMID:18746 | Phosphohistone and glycogen synthase D phosphatase activities in a liver glycogen pellet preparation. | A liver glycogen pellet preparation previously found to contain synthase D phosphatase activity was shown to contain also phosphohistone phosphatase activity. Pellet phosphohistone phosphatase and synthase D phosphatase competed for the same substrates and appeared to be the same enzyme. ATP, a potent inhibitor, and G-... | Phosphohistone and glycogen synthase D phosphatase activities in a liver glycogen pellet preparation. A liver glycogen pellet preparation previously found to contain synthase D phosphatase activity was shown to contain also phosphohistone phosphatase activity. Pellet phosphohistone phosphatase and synthase D phosphatas... | [
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PMID:18750 | Antagonism of the analeptic activity of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) by agents which enhance GABA transmission. | Administration of 10 mg/kg TRH to mice was found to reduce the sleep and hypothermia induced by 4.7 g/kg ethanol. However, TRH did not reduce the sleep of mice that were given gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHBA), baclophen, or aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) in combination with 3 g/kg/ ethanol. TRH also failed to reverse the h... | Antagonism of the analeptic activity of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) by agents which enhance GABA transmission. Administration of 10 mg/kg TRH to mice was found to reduce the sleep and hypothermia induced by 4.7 g/kg ethanol. However, TRH did not reduce the sleep of mice that were given gamma-hydroxybutyric acid... | [
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PMID:18751 | Benzodiazepines and discrimination behaviour: dissociation of response and sensory factors. | Ten London pigeons were trained on a schedule which allowed concurrent measurement of motor and exteroceptive sensory changes. The task involved a conditional colour discrimination contingent upon the completion of a fixed interval schedule of responding. As a preliminary pharmacological study the effects of the benzod... | Benzodiazepines and discrimination behaviour: dissociation of response and sensory factors. Ten London pigeons were trained on a schedule which allowed concurrent measurement of motor and exteroceptive sensory changes. The task involved a conditional colour discrimination contingent upon the completion of a fixed inter... | [
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PMID:18752 | Effect of apomorphine on the antinociceptive activity of morphine. | Apomorphine pretreatment potentiated the analgesic effect of morphine in a dose-dependent manner both in rats and in mice measured by five different tests (writhing, hot plate, inflamed foot, tail-pinch and tail-flick procedures). Furthermore, apomorphine augmented the antinociceptive activity of morphine in tolerant a... | Effect of apomorphine on the antinociceptive activity of morphine. Apomorphine pretreatment potentiated the analgesic effect of morphine in a dose-dependent manner both in rats and in mice measured by five different tests (writhing, hot plate, inflamed foot, tail-pinch and tail-flick procedures). Furthermore, apomorphi... | [
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PMID:18766 | Assay and characterization of serum-stimulated lipolytic activity in homogenates of human adipose tissue. | An assay of lipolytic activity in human adipose tissue is described, in which native homogenates of the adipose tissue yield the enzyme, as well as the triglyceride substrate, and the emulsifying phospholipids. The lipolytic activity in the presence of serum is characterized mainly as lipoprotein lipase activity by a p... | Assay and characterization of serum-stimulated lipolytic activity in homogenates of human adipose tissue. An assay of lipolytic activity in human adipose tissue is described, in which native homogenates of the adipose tissue yield the enzyme, as well as the triglyceride substrate, and the emulsifying phospholipids. The... | [
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PMID:18767 | Oxygen affinity of duck blood determined by in vivo and in vitro technique. | Half saturation partial pressure of O2,P50, was determined in domestic Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) both by in vivo and in vitro techniques. For in vivo determination, blood samples were drawn from the anesthetized, artificially ventilated animals and analyzed both for O2 content, Co2, and O2 partial pressure, Po2.... | Oxygen affinity of duck blood determined by in vivo and in vitro technique. Half saturation partial pressure of O2,P50, was determined in domestic Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) both by in vivo and in vitro techniques. For in vivo determination, blood samples were drawn from the anesthetized, artificially ventilated ... | [
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PMID:18787 | Inhibition of secretin release and pancreatic bicarbonate secretion by somatostatin infusion in man. | Five healthy students were investigated on two different days with or without a constant infusion of somatostatin (500 microgram/h) into an arm vein a fluoroscopically placed Lagerlöf tube was used for the collection of gastric and duodenal juice. After 30-min basal period, 40 ml 100 mmol/l HCl was infused into the mid... | Inhibition of secretin release and pancreatic bicarbonate secretion by somatostatin infusion in man. Five healthy students were investigated on two different days with or without a constant infusion of somatostatin (500 microgram/h) into an arm vein a fluoroscopically placed Lagerlöf tube was used for the collection of... | [
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PMID:18788 | Gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure, motility and acid clearing. A study of hiatus hernia patients and normal subjects and of the effect of a modified belsey MK IV repair on the results of the manometric and acid-clearing tests. | Basal gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure was recorded in 68 patients with symptomatic, radiologically verified sliding hiatus hernia, and in 37 healthy subjects. The diameter of the probe was 2.5 mm, and the flow rate 0.5 ml/min. Mean sphincter pressure was lower in patients (6 mm Hg) than in normal subjects (15 mm ... | Gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure, motility and acid clearing. A study of hiatus hernia patients and normal subjects and of the effect of a modified belsey MK IV repair on the results of the manometric and acid-clearing tests. Basal gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure was recorded in 68 patients with symptomatic,... | [
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PMID:18789 | Enzymatic Determination of bile acids. the NADP-specific 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from P. testosteroni (ATCC 11996). | By use of the specific substrates, 7alpha-hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid and 3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha-trihydroxy-3,12-diacetyl-5beta-cholanic acid methyl ester, crude extracts of P. testosteroni grown on a steroid-containing medium have been shown to exhibit 7alpha-hydroxysteroid: NADP-oxidoreductase activity. The enzyme i... | Enzymatic Determination of bile acids. the NADP-specific 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from P. testosteroni (ATCC 11996). By use of the specific substrates, 7alpha-hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid and 3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha-trihydroxy-3,12-diacetyl-5beta-cholanic acid methyl ester, crude extracts of P. testosteroni g... | [
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PMID:18790 | Quantitative determination of serum bile acids using a 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. | A crude 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isolate from P. testosteroni requires NADP specifically and provides a simple and specific means for the determination of 7alpha-hydroxy bile acids and their conjugates. A specific and reliable enzymatic-fluorimetric method for the quantitative measurement of the primary bile... | Quantitative determination of serum bile acids using a 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. A crude 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isolate from P. testosteroni requires NADP specifically and provides a simple and specific means for the determination of 7alpha-hydroxy bile acids and their conjugates. A specific and... | [
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PMID:18791 | Effect of cimetidine on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion in healthy man. | Two series of experiments were carried out in three healthy volunteers. In one series increasing doses of cimetidine were tested on a constant background stimulation with 0.15 microgram-kg-1h-1 of pentagastrin. In the other series of experiments increasing doses of pentagastrin were given either alone or in combination... | Effect of cimetidine on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion in healthy man. Two series of experiments were carried out in three healthy volunteers. In one series increasing doses of cimetidine were tested on a constant background stimulation with 0.15 microgram-kg-1h-1 of pentagastrin. In the other series of expe... | [
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0... |
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