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Portable Aqua Unit for Lifesaving Performance Portable_Aqua_Unit_for_Lifesaving > Technology > Performance At about 1.15 metres of water pressure, the water is filtered through the membrane with a pore size of 20 to 100 nm. The device removes bacteria with an efficiency of 99.999% (measurement Institut Fresenius, E. co... |
Privacy in education Student expectation of privacy Privacy_in_education > Student expectation of privacy In line with the general meaning of "expectation of privacy," student expectation of privacy refers to a student's inherent right to privacy in the school system. Examples of student expectation of privacy, especia... |
Diffeomorphism Surface deformations Diffeomorphism > Examples > Surface deformations {\displaystyle f(x,y)=(u,v).} The total differential of u is d u = ∂ u ∂ x d x + ∂ u ∂ y d y {\displaystyle du={\frac {\partial u}{\partial x}}dx+{\frac {\partial u}{\partial y}}dy} , and similarly for v.Then the image ( d u , d v ) = ... |
Supervisory control References: Human Supervisory Control Supervisory_control > References: Human Supervisory Control New York: Academic Press. Jones, P. M. and Jasek, C. A. (1997). |
Germán Sierra Russian doll renormalization group Germán_Sierra > Research > Russian doll renormalization group In 2003–04, Sierra, in conjunction with A. LeClair and J.M. Román, introduced multiple models exhibiting a Russian doll renormalization group flow, featuring a cyclic nature instead of converging to a fixed po... |
Approximation ratio Hardness of approximation Approximation_algorithm > Hardness of approximation While inapproximability results have been proved since the 1970s, such results were obtained by ad hoc means and no systematic understanding was available at the time. It is only since the 1990 result of Feige, Goldwasser,... |
Student's t-distribution Integral of Student's probability density function and p-value Student's_t-distribution > Further properties > Integral of Student's probability density function and p-value The function A(t | ν) is the integral of Student's probability density function, f(t) between −t and t, for t ≥ 0. It thu... |
Graph Theory Graph classes Algorithmic_graph_theory > Problems > Graph classes Many problems involve characterizing the members of various classes of graphs. Some examples of such questions are below: Enumerating the members of a class Characterizing a class in terms of forbidden substructures Ascertaining relationship... |
Broad Water Summary Broad_Water Broad Water, or Broadwater (Welsh: Aber Dysynni) is a salt water lagoon near Tywyn, Wales formed from the silted up estuary of the River Dysynni. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the estuary was used by the shipbuilding industry, as small sailing ships were launched to carry p... |
Polar organic chemical integrative sampler Theory and modeling Polar_organic_chemical_integrative_sampler > Fundamentals > Theory and modeling To date, a limited number of chemical sampling rates have been determined.Accumulation of chemicals by a POCIS device generally follows first order kinetics. The kinetics are ch... |
Flow map Flow phenomena Flow_map > Flow phenomena This is a ratio variable that is similar to, but distinct from the amount of movement. An example would be representing highway traffic levels using mean vehicle speed, or wind velocity.These are not distinct types of maps; a flow map may portray any of all of these asp... |
Genetic draft Neutral theory of molecular evolution Genetic_hitchhiking > Applications > Neutral theory of molecular evolution The neutral theory of molecular evolution assumes that most new mutations are either deleterious (and quickly purged by selection) or else neutral, with very few being adaptive. It also assumes... |
Testing of advanced thermoplastic composite welds Fatigue strength Testing_of_advanced_thermoplastic_composite_welds > Weld testing and analysis > Fatigue strength 1800 cycles/minute are recommended unless otherwise specified. Tests are generally run at ambient temperature and humidity which is specified at 50% relativ... |
Zoogleal mat Formation of biofilms Bacterial_mats > Origin and formation > Formation of biofilms The matrix exopolysaccharides can trap QS autoinducers within the biofilm to prevent predator detection and ensure bacterial survival. In addition to the polysaccharides, these matrices may also contain material from the su... |
Firefly (cache coherence protocol) Processor-side Requests Firefly_(cache_coherence_protocol) > Processor-side Requests Processor-side requests or CPU requests are the accesses that the processor makes to its own caches. These may be classified into 4 types of requests namely: PrRdMiss: Processor side request to read a... |
BRST quantization The Kugo–Ojima answer to unitarity questions BRST_supersymmetry > The BRST operator and asymptotic Fock space > The Kugo–Ojima answer to unitarity questions The properties of the other fields we have added are fundamentally analytical rather than geometric. The bias we have introduced towards connecti... |
Business agility Comparison with complex systems Business_agility > Topics in agile enterprise studies > Comparison with complex systems Co-evolution is a key process through which the enterprise learns from experience and adapts. The agile enterprise is constantly evolving in concert with (and in reaction to) external... |
Process Automation System The background and technology Process_Automation_System > The background and technology In the absence of process automation, plant operators have to physically monitor performance values and the quality of outputs to determine the best settings on which to run the production equipment. Mainte... |
Discriminant function analysis Practical use Linear_Discriminant_Analysis > Practical use In practice, the class means and covariances are not known. They can, however, be estimated from the training set. Either the maximum likelihood estimate or the maximum a posteriori estimate may be used in place of the exact value... |
Public opinion on climate change Economic Factors Public_opinion_on_climate_change > Influences on individual opinion > Economic Factors Development of climate change policies is influenced by economic conditions. For a long period of time, such conditions were seen to play an important role in influencing political be... |
State equation Overview JWL_equation_of_state > Overview In most cases this model will comprise some empirical parameters that are usually adjusted to measurement data. Equations of state can also describe solids, including the transition of solids from one crystalline state to another. Equations of state are also used... |
Anaerobic digestate Methanogenic digestate Anaerobic_digestate > Methanogenic digestate During syntrophic methanogens bacteria belonging mainly to the Clostridia class oxidize acetate into hydrogen and CO2, which are successively exploited by hydrogenotrophic Archaea for the methanogens. The methanogenic microbes are f... |
Fluorescence spectroscopy Analysis of data Fluorescence_spectroscopy > Analysis of data Correction of all these instrumental factors for getting a ‘standard’ spectrum is a tedious process, which is only applied in practice when it is strictly necessary. This is the case when measuring the quantum yield or when finding ... |
Glossary of genetics (0–L) C Glossary_of_gene_expression_terms > C The term is commonly used in medical genetics in the context of a disease-causing recessive allele. CCAAT box Also CAAT box or CAT box. |
Rigid motion segmentation Problems Rigid_motion_segmentation > Problems These mismatched feature points from the objects and the background often introduce outliers. The presence of image noise and outliers further affect the accuracy of structure from motion (SFM) estimation. Another issue is that of motion models or ... |
Time-space continuum Summary Space-time_continuum In physics, spacetime is any mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum. Spacetime diagrams are useful in visualizing and understanding relativistic effects such as how different obs... |
Regulator gene Summary Regulatory_gene They are usually constantly expressed so the cell always has a supply of repressor molecules on hand. Inducers cause repressor proteins to change shape or otherwise become unable to bind DNA, allowing RNA polymerase to continue transcription. |
First degree atrioventricular block Causes First-degree_atrioventricular_block > Causes The most common causes of first-degree heart block are AV nodal disease, enhanced vagal tone (for example in athletes), myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction (especially acute inferior MI), electrolyte disturbances and medication... |
Artificial heart valves Advantages of mechanical valves Bioprosthetic_heart_valve > Mechanical valves > Advantages of mechanical valves The major advantage of mechanical valves over bioprosthetic valves is their greater durability. Made from metal and/or pyrolytic carbon, they can last 20–30 years. |
Parallel algorithms for minimum spanning trees Kruskal's algorithm Parallel_algorithms_for_minimum_spanning_trees > Kruskal's algorithm Kruskal's MST algorithm utilises the cycle property of MSTs. A high-level pseudocode representation is provided below. T ← {\displaystyle T\gets } forest with every vertex in its own s... |
Ranschburg effect Short-term memory input and output Ranschburg_effect > Findings > Short-term memory input and output During the input process of information within the short-term memory, the encoding, attentional, and perceptual processes play an important role in the ability to accurately output and recall a sequenc... |
Tutte polynomial Exact computation Tutte_polynomial > Computational complexity > Exact computation In his paper on the dichotomy for planar graphs, Vertigan claims (in his conclusion) that the same result holds when further restricted to graphs with vertex degree at most three, save for the point T G ( 0 , − 2 ) {\disp... |
Adaptor proteins, vesicular transport Formation of transport vesicles Adaptor_proteins,_vesicular_transport > Formation of transport vesicles The best characterized type of vesicle is the clathrin coated vesicle (CCV). The formation of a COPII vesicle at the endoplasmic reticulum and its transport to the Golgi body. Th... |
Distant Early Warning Line Operations Distant_Early_Warning_Line > Operations Service buildings, garages, connecting roads, storage tanks, and perhaps an aircraft hangar completed the community. Drifting snow was a constant menace. |
Atelocyanobacterium thalassa Life cycle Atelocyanobacterium_thalassa > Life cycle The lifecycle of A. thalassa is not well understood. As an obligate endosymbiont, A. thalassa is thought to be unable to survive outside of the host, suggesting its entire life cycle takes place inside of the host. The division and replic... |
Mechanical systems Structural components Mechanical_systems > Machine elements > Structural components A number of machine elements provide important structural functions such as the frame, bearings, splines, spring and seals. The recognition that the frame of a mechanism is an important machine element changed the nam... |
Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering I Glossary_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineering > I impulse responseThe response of a network to a sudden narrow pulse input. incandescent light bulbA device that uses a fine wire filament heated by an electric current to make light...and heat. induction coilAn ea... |
Electromotive Force Distinction with potential difference Electromotive_Force > Distinction with potential difference Although an electrical potential difference (voltage) is sometimes called an emf, they are formally distinct concepts: Potential difference is a more general term that includes emf. Emf is the cause of ... |
Newton's theorem of revolving orbits Newton's derivation Newton's_theorem_of_revolving_orbits > Derivations > Newton's derivation Newton's derivation is found in Section IX of his Principia, specifically Propositions 43–45. His derivations of these Propositions are based largely on geometry. Proposition 43; Problem 30I... |
Groundwater hydrology Other methods Hydrogeology > Calculation of groundwater flow > Numerical methods > Other methods These include mesh-free methods like the Analytic Element Method (AEM) and the Boundary Element Method (BEM), which are closer to analytic solutions, but they do approximate the groundwater flow equati... |
Instant indexing Criticisms Instant_indexing > Criticisms Over time, if a website is popular or authoritative, it is assumed that other websites will eventually link to it. If a search engine service provides instant indexing, it bypasses this quality control mechanism by not requiring incoming links. This infers that ... |
Space Time Continuum Energy and momentum conservation Lorentz_interval > Basic mathematics of spacetime > Conservation laws > Energy and momentum conservation In the case of a completely inelastic collision with total loss of kinetic energy, the outgoing velocities of the rebounding particles will be zero. : 241–245 Ne... |
Superfactorial Properties Superfactorial > Properties Just as the factorials can be continuously interpolated by the gamma function, the superfactorials can be continuously interpolated by the Barnes G-function.According to an analogue of Wilson's theorem on the behavior of factorials modulo prime numbers, when p {\dis... |
Caustic (optics) Computer graphics Caustic_(optics) > Computer graphics In computer graphics, most modern rendering systems support caustics. Some of them even support volumetric caustics. This is accomplished by raytracing the possible paths of a light beam, accounting for the refraction and reflection. Photon mapping... |
Poincaré–Bendixson theorem Theorem Poincaré–Bendixson_theorem > Theorem Given a differentiable real dynamical system defined on an open subset of the plane, every non-empty compact ω-limit set of an orbit, which contains only finitely many fixed points, is either a fixed point, a periodic orbit, or a connected set comp... |
Low-alloy steel Material science High-alloy_steel > Material science Molybdenum helps to resist embrittlement. Zirconium, cerium, and calcium increase toughness by controlling the shape of inclusions. |
Climate sensitivity State dependence Climate_sensitivity > State dependence If a tipping point is crossed, climate sensitivity is expected to change at the time scale of the subsystem that hits its tipping point. Especially if there are multiple interacting tipping points, the transition of climate to a new state may b... |
Energy transition Renewable energy Energy_transition > Key technologies and approaches > Renewable energy However, because of its heavy dependence on geography and the generally high environmental and social impact of hydroelectric power plants, the growth potential of this technology is limited. Wind and solar power a... |
RNA World RNA as an enzyme RNA_World > Properties of RNA > RNA as an enzyme Amino acid-RNA ligation The ability to conjugate an amino acid to the 3'-end of an RNA in order to use its chemical groups or provide a long-branched aliphatic side-chain. Peptide bond formation The ability to catalyse the formation of peptide ... |
Split-complex number Geometry Split-complex_number > Geometry While analogous to ordinary orthogonality, particularly as it is known with ordinary complex number arithmetic, this condition is more subtle. It forms the basis for the simultaneous hyperplane concept in spacetime. The analogue of Euler's formula for the sp... |
Google Wave Features Google_Wave > Features The ability to show messages as they are typed could be disabled, similar to conventional instant messaging.The ability to modify a wave at any location let users create collaborative documents, edited in a manner akin to wikis. Waves could easily link to other waves. In many... |
Mobile Security Security in operating systems Mobile_Security > Countermeasures > Security in operating systems This could occur if a process managed to reach an area allocated to other processes, where it could write in the memory of a process with rights superior to its own (with 'root' in the worst case) and perform... |
Free fatty acid receptor 2 Type 1 diabetes Free_fatty_acid_receptor_2 > FFAR2 functions and actions > Diabetes > Type 1 diabetes Ffar2 gene knockout mice (i.e., mice that have had their Ffar2 genes removed or inactivated) have decreased pancreatic beta cell masses at birth and throughout adulthood but do not develop di... |
Opposite number Summary Unary_minus In mathematics, the additive inverse of a number a (sometimes called the opposite of a) is the number that, when added to a, yields zero. The operation taking a number to its additive inverse is known as sign change or negation. For a real number, it reverses its sign: the additive i... |
Indeterminate form Summary Indeterminate_form In each case, if the limits of the numerator and denominator are substituted, the resulting expression is 0 / 0 {\displaystyle 0/0} , which is indeterminate. In this sense, 0 / 0 {\displaystyle 0/0} can take on the values 0 {\displaystyle 0~} , 1 {\displaystyle 1} , or ∞ {\... |
Operating Systems History General-purpose_operating_system > History It is said that Alan Turing was a master of this on the early Manchester Mark 1 machine, and he was already deriving the primitive conception of an operating system from the principles of the universal Turing machine.Later machines came with libraries... |
Flash player Streaming protocols Flash_player > Features > Streaming protocols HTTP: Support for communicating with web servers using HTTP requests and POST data. However, only websites that explicitly allow Flash to connect to them can be accessed via HTTP or sockets, to prevent Flash being used as a tool for cross-si... |
Trace tree Summary Trace_tree A trace tree is a data structure that is used in the runtime compilation of programming code. Trace trees are used in tracing just-in-time compilation where tracing is used during code execution to look for hot spots before compilation. When those hot spots are entered again the compiled c... |
Directory-based cache coherence Sparse directory format Directory-based_cache_coherence > Sparse directory format A cache only stores a small subset of blocks in main memory at a particular time. Hence most of the entries in the directory will belong to uncached blocks. In the sparse directory format the wastage is red... |
Feedback amplifier Overview Negative_feedback_amplifier > Overview Feedback amplifiers share these properties:Pros: Can increase or decrease input impedance (depending on type of feedback). Can increase or decrease output impedance (depending on type of feedback). Reduces total distortion if sufficiently applied (incre... |
Hand gestures Made with other body parts Hand_gestures > Made with other body parts When shaken once firmly, it is an expression of strong agreement such as "Indeed" or "Yes sir." When shaken quickly the person is indicating a desire to move along with the topic. Orant, a gesture made during prayer in which the hands a... |
Electric displacement field Summary Electric_displacement_field In physics, the electric displacement field (denoted by D) or electric induction is a vector field that appears in Maxwell's equations. It accounts for the electromagnetic effects of polarization and that of an electric field, combining the two in an auxil... |
Cray-1 Vector machines Cray-1 > Background > Vector machines In the STAR, new instructions essentially wrote the loops for the user. The user told the machine where in memory the list of numbers was stored, then fed in a single instruction a(1..1000000) = addv b(1..1000000), c(1..1000000). At first glance it appears th... |
OpenMP Pros and cons OpenMP > Pros and cons Incremental parallelism: can work on one part of the program at one time, no dramatic change to code is needed. Unified code for both serial and parallel applications: OpenMP constructs are treated as comments when sequential compilers are used. Original (serial) code stateme... |
Reliability modeling The importance of language Reliable_system_design > Reliability prediction and improvement > The importance of language (Ring et al. 2000) For part/system failures, reliability engineers should concentrate more on the "why and how", rather that predicting "when". Understanding "why" a failure has o... |
Robotic sensors Summary Robotic_sensors Robotic sensors are used to estimate a robot's condition and environment. These signals are passed to a controller to enable appropriate behavior.Sensors in robots are based on the functions of human sensory organs. Robots require extensive information about their environment in ... |
Natural logarithm History Natural_logarithms > History An early mention of the natural logarithm was by Nicholas Mercator in his work Logarithmotechnia, published in 1668, although the mathematics teacher John Speidell had already compiled a table of what in fact were effectively natural logarithms in 1619. It has been... |
Super-prime Summary Super-prime Their proof relies on a result resembling Bertrand's postulate, stating that (after the larger gap between super-primes 5 and 11) each super-prime number is less than twice its predecessor in the sequence. Broughan & Barnett (2009) show that there are x ( log x ) 2 + O ( x log log ... |
Logit (unit) Conversions Decibel_scale > Definition > Conversions Since logarithm differences measured in these units often represent power ratios and root-power ratios, values for both are shown below. The bel is traditionally used as a unit of logarithmic power ratio, while the neper is used for logarithmic root-powe... |
List of mathematical symbols by subject Complex numbers List_of_mathematical_symbols_by_subject > Numbers > Complex numbers Remark: real and imaginary parts of a complex number are often also denoted by Re {\displaystyle \operatorname {Re} } and Im {\displaystyle \operatorname {Im} } . |
Convergence-divergence zone Arborescences of CDZ Convergence-divergence_zone > Arborescences of CDZ It can thus make a synthesis of detection and production capabilities of all the CDZs thus recruited. To make a model of the CDZ system, we distinguish in the nervous system a peripheral part and a central one, with a gr... |
Light field microscopy Light field generation Light_field_microscopy > Light field generation A light field is generated by placing a microlens array at the intermediate image plane of the objective (or the rear focal plane of an optional relay lens) and is further captured by placing the camera sensor at the rear foca... |
Semantic model Place/transition net Abstract_model > Modelling techniques > Place/transition net Also known as Petri nets, this conceptual modeling technique allows a system to be constructed with elements that can be described by direct mathematical means. The petri net, because of its nondeterministic execution prope... |
Linearity Linear polynomials Linearity > In mathematics > Linear polynomials In a different usage to the above definition, a polynomial of degree 1 is said to be linear, because the graph of a function of that form is a straight line.Over the reals, a simple example of a linear equation is given by: y = m x + b {\displ... |
Speed of Light Summary Speed_of_light_in_vacuum The speed of light can be used in time of flight measurements to measure large distances to extremely high precision. Ole Rømer first demonstrated in 1676 that light does not travel instantaneously by studying the apparent motion of Jupiter's moon Io. Progressively more a... |
Precursor messenger RNA Regulation Precursor_RNA > Production > Regulation A number of factors contribute to the activation and inhibition of transcription and therefore regulate the production of primary transcripts from a given DNA template. Activation of RNA polymerase activity to produce primary transcripts is ofte... |
Self ligation Class II elastics Self_ligation > Class II elastics Class 2 elastics are used from the lower first molar to the upper canine tooth. They can be used for many different reasons, such as Class 2 malocclusions, to reinforce anchorage in a case where an extraction has been done, to allow the maxillary incisor... |
Respiration in plant Efficiency of ATP production Aerobic_metabolism > Efficiency of ATP production The above value of 3 H+/ATP for the synthase assumes that the synthase translocates 9 protons, and produces 3 ATP, per rotation. The number of protons depends on the number of c subunits in the Fo c-ring, and it is now k... |
Quadratic funding Sybil attacks Quadratic_voting > Criticisms of quadratic voting mechanisms > Sybil attacks With one of its priorities being an open, peer-to-peer network, an anti-sybil identification software is a requirement to implement widespread quadratic voting.Some future possible avenues of inquiries include t... |
Lactocillin Function in Human Body Lactocillin > Function in Human Body Lactocillin is seen to be very functional in killing certain pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antibiotic is the lowest concentration of an antibiotic needed to inhibit the growth of a bacteria. The MIC was calculated for ... |
Control (management) Organizational and operational control Control_(management) > Classifications > Organizational and operational control The direction for organizational control comes from the goals and strategic plans of the organization. General plans are translated into specific performance measures such as share... |
Annual growth rate Calculations Annual_growth_rate > Economics > Calculations When evaluating the comparatives, one might say that results in Year 2 were, for example, 110% of those in Year 1. To convert this figure to a growth rate, one need only subtract 100%. The periods considered are often years, but any time-fram... |
Monoprotic acid Arrhenius acids Monobasic_acid > Definitions and concepts > Arrhenius acids This decreases the concentration of hydronium because the ions react to form H2O molecules: H3O+(aq) + OH−(aq) ⇌ H2O(liq) + H2O(liq)Due to this equilibrium, any increase in the concentration of hydronium is accompanied by a decr... |
History of variational principles in physics In quantum mechanics History_of_variational_principles_in_physics > 20th century > In quantum mechanics Several approaches were also considered for quantum mechanics. Inspired by 1933 paper by Paul Dirac, Richard Feynman developed 1948 the path integral formulation, that lin... |
Pseudo-covariance matrix Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy Pseudo-covariance_matrix > Applications > Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy employs correlation analysis to obtain 2D spectra of the condensed phase. There are two versions of this analysis: synchronous and asynchro... |
Church–Turing thesis The thesis as a definition Church–Turing_thesis > History > The thesis as a definition The thesis can be viewed as nothing but an ordinary mathematical definition. Comments by Gödel on the subject suggest this view, e.g. "the correct definition of mechanical computability was established beyond any... |
BRST symmetry Gauge fixing and perturbation theory BRST_supersymmetry > Gauge transformations in QFT > Gauge fixing and perturbation theory To use the Dyson series to calculate anything, one needs more than a gauge-invariant Lagrangian density; one also needs the quantization and gauge fixing prescriptions that enter i... |
Landiolol Uses Landiolol > Uses The efficacy and safety of landiolol in septic shock has been investigated in a multi-center prospective randomized controlled trial, and the results of the study have been published in the renown Journal Lancet Respiratory in 2020, demonstrating clinical impact of landiolol in sepsis pa... |
Tight frame Motivating example: computing a basis from a linearly dependent set Tight_frame > Definition and motivation > Motivating example: computing a basis from a linearly dependent set There are some problems with this plan: Removing arbitrary vectors from the set may cause it to be unable to span V {\displaystyle... |
Neo (The Matrix) The Matrix Resurrections Neo_(The_Matrix) > Fictional character biography > The Matrix Resurrections One day, a man known as "Morpheus" approaches Neo with the red pill, but agents and a police force storm the building where Neo works in order to kill Morpheus; who is revealed to be a rogue agent who o... |
Sleep–wake cycle In plants Sleep–wake_cycles > In plants Gene expression of CCA1 and LHY oscillates and peaks in the early morning, whereas TOC1 gene expression oscillates and peaks in the early evening. While it was previously hypothesised that these three genes model a negative feedback loop in which over-expressed C... |
Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy Treatment Chronic_relapsing_inflammatory_optic_neuritis > Treatment 3. Long-term phase: To avoid adverse effects of long-term steroids and to avoid relapse of disease, physicians can transition to a steroid-sparing agent. B-cell depleting therapy, azathioprine, methotrexa... |
Limit cycles Applications Limit_cycle > Applications Limit cycles are important in many scientific applications where systems with self-sustained oscillations are modelled. Some examples include: Aerodynamic limit-cycle oscillations The Hodgkin–Huxley model for action potentials in neurons. The Sel'kov model of glycoly... |
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling Heart rate Cardiac_excitation-contraction_coupling > Heart rate Heart rate is affected by nerves. Sympathetic nerves, coming from the spinal cord, increase heart rate, whereas parasympathetic nerves (branching from the vagus nerves) work to decrease it.Sympathetic nerves work by ... |
Queue (abstract data type) Purely functional implementation Queue_(abstract_data_type) > Purely functional implementation Queues can also be implemented as a purely functional data structure. There are two implementations. The first one only achieves O ( 1 ) {\displaystyle O(1)} per operation on average. That is, the a... |
Blankenship–Oporowski conjecture Relation to other graph invariants Book_embedding > Properties > Relation to other graph invariants This can be formalized by considering an arbitrary sequence of push and pop operations on a stack, and forming a graph in which the stack operations correspond to the vertices of the grap... |
Discrete rate simulation Compared to discrete-event and continuous simulation Discrete_rate_simulation > Compared to discrete-event and continuous simulation Another difference is that discrete event simulation models are overwhelmingly concerned with the status of system entities (discrete objects moving through the s... |
Algorithm analysis Cost models Run-time_analysis > Cost models For example, if the numbers involved in a computation may be arbitrarily large, the time required by a single addition can no longer be assumed to be constant. Two cost models are generally used: the uniform cost model, also called unit-cost model (and simi... |
Progressive systemic sclerosis Kidney disease Systemic_scleroderma > Treatment > Kidney disease An elevated serum creatinine level is not a contraindication for ACE inhibitors in this population, and slight elevations in creatinine are common during drug initiation. Scleroderma renal crisis, the occurrence of acute kid... |
P16 (gene) Role in carcinogenesis Protein_P16 > Clinical significance > Role in carcinogenesis Mutations resulting in deletion or reduction of function of the CDKN2A gene are associated with increased risk of a wide range of cancers, and alterations of the gene are frequently seen in cancer cell lines. Examples include... |
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