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Metabolic Theory of Ecology Theoretical background Metabolic_Theory_of_Ecology > Theoretical background Metabolic rate scales with the mass of an organism of a given species according to Kleiber's law where B is whole organism metabolic rate (in watts or other unit of power), M is organism mass (in kg), and Bo is a mas... |
Object Data Management Group Major components of the ODMG 3.0 specification Object_Data_Management_Group > Major components of the ODMG 3.0 specification The ODMG Object Definition Language (ODL) was used to define the object types that conform to the ODMG Object Model. The ODMG Object Interchange Format (OIF) was used... |
Dynamic arrest Silica, SiO2 Glass_transition_temperature > In specific materials > Silica, SiO2 Alternatively, P, which has a valency of 5, helps to reinforce an ordered lattice, and thus increases the Tg.Tg is directly proportional to bond strength, e.g. it depends on quasi-equilibrium thermodynamic parameters of the ... |
Precision matrix Usage Precision_matrix > Usage This means that precision matrices tend to be sparse when many of the dimensions are conditionally independent, which can lead to computational efficiencies when working with them. It also means that precision matrices are closely related to the idea of partial correlatio... |
Minisatellite Mutability Minisatellite > Mutability In alternative models, it is the presence of neighbouring double-strand hotspots which is the primary cause of minisatellite repeat copy number variations. Somatic changes are suggested to result from replication difficulties (which might include replication slippage,... |
Alternation of generations A complex life cycle Alternation_of_generation > Alternation of generations in plants > A complex life cycle Megaspores develop within the megasporangium; typically one of the four spores produced by meiosis gains bulk at the expense of the remaining three, which disappear. 'Female' willow tr... |
Statistically close Summary Probability_metric In statistics, probability theory, and information theory, a statistical distance quantifies the distance between two statistical objects, which can be two random variables, or two probability distributions or samples, or the distance can be between an individual sample po... |
Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi Scientific contributions Carl_Gustav_Jacob_Jacobi > Scientific contributions He was also one of the early founders of the theory of determinants. In particular, he invented the Jacobian determinant formed from the n2 partial derivatives of n given functions of n independent variables, which pla... |
Bacterial morphological plasticity Bimodal effect Bacterial_morphological_plasticity > Environmental cues > Bimodal effect As a result of this, the predator cannot handle more prey until the previous ingested material is consumed or expelled. Moreover, bacterial cell surface charge and hydrophobicity have also been sug... |
60 (number) In mathematics 60_(number) > In mathematics 60 is a highly composite number. Because it is the sum of its unitary divisors (excluding itself), it is a unitary perfect number, and it is an abundant number with an abundance of 48. Being ten times a perfect number, it is a semiperfect number. 60 is a Twin-prim... |
A New Kind of Science Computation and its implications A_New_Kind_of_Science > Contents > Computation and its implications The thesis of A New Kind of Science (NKS) is twofold: that the nature of computation must be explored experimentally, and that the results of these experiments have great relevance to understanding... |
Decomposition of spectrum (functional analysis) Self-adjoint operators on Hilbert space Decomposition_of_spectrum_(functional_analysis) > Self-adjoint operators on Hilbert space Hilbert spaces are Banach spaces, so the above discussion applies to bounded operators on Hilbert spaces as well. A subtle point concerns the ... |
Optometer (ophthalmic instrument) The modern phoropter or refractor Optometer_(ophthalmic_instrument) > The modern phoropter or refractor Around 1910, binocularity was tested using trial frames which sat on the patient's face or on a support bar, with extra testing devices added to the front of the frames, such as Madd... |
Cooper pairing Description Cooper_pair > Description The BCS theory is also applicable to other fermion systems, such as helium-3. Indeed, Cooper pairing is responsible for the superfluidity of helium-3 at low temperatures. In 2008 it was proposed that pairs of bosons in an optical lattice may be similar to Cooper pair... |
Back annotation Backannotation Back_annotation > Hierarchy > Backannotation Backannotation is data that could be added to a hierarchical netlist. Usually they are kept separate from the netlist, because several such alternate sets of data could be applied to a single netlist. These data may have been extracted from a p... |
Endometrial transformation dose Summary Endometrial_transformation_dose However, decidualization-like reactions have also been observed in some species that don't display hemochorial placentation.In humans, decidualization occurs after ovulation during the menstrual cycle. After implantation of the embryo, the decidua ... |
Autophagy database Use in bioinformatics Autophagy_database > Use in bioinformatics Given that these databases are a large store of biological information, these can be used in bioinformatics applications to simplify information collection and analysis. Bioinformatics looks to pair biological discoveries with big data,... |
Chemotherapy Dosage Chemotherapy > Treatment strategies > Dosage Because of their higher BSA, clinicians often arbitrarily reduce the dose prescribed by the BSA formula for fear of overdosing. In many cases, this can result in sub-optimal treatment.Several clinical studies have demonstrated that when chemotherapy dosin... |
Normalisable wavefunction Historical background Normalized_wavefunction > Historical background In 1900, Max Planck postulated the proportionality between the frequency f {\displaystyle f} of a photon and its energy E {\displaystyle E} , E = h f {\displaystyle E=hf} , and in 1916 the corresponding relation between a ph... |
Β+ decay Angular momentum Beta_decay > Conservation rules for beta decay > Angular momentum For allowed decays, the net orbital angular momentum is zero, hence only spin quantum numbers are considered. The electron and antineutrino are fermions, spin-1/2 objects, therefore they may couple to total S = 1 {\displaystyle ... |
Polycistronic mRNA Nonsense-mediated decay Polycistronic_mRNA > Degradation > Nonsense-mediated decay Eukaryotic messages are subject to surveillance by nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), which checks for the presence of premature stop codons (nonsense codons) in the message. These can arise via incomplete splicing, V(D)J ... |
Calculator application Computer algebra systems Calculator_application > Related software packages > Computer algebra systems Computer algebra systems are not normally called calculators because their main purpose is to perform symbolic manipulation of mathematical expressions that can contain variables and complex ope... |
AeroLift CycloCrane Design and development AeroLift_CycloCrane > Design and development The stalks are gradually rotated in the opposite direction causing them to act as a propeller again to take the ship back into rotation and hover. The load is then released and the ship can return for another load or if the ship is ... |
Jahn–Teller distortion Implications for dynamics Jahn–Teller_distortion > Theory > Potential energy surfaces > Implications for dynamics Here the nonadiabatic couplings become very large and the behaviour of the system cannot be described within the familiar Born–Oppenheimer (BO) separation between the electronic and n... |
Tissue hypoxia Summary Hypoxic_tissue Hypoxia in which there is complete absence of oxygen supply is referred to as anoxia. Hypoxia can be due to external causes, when the breathing gas is hypoxic, or internal causes, such as reduced effectiveness of gas transfer in the lungs, reduced capacity of the blood to carry oxy... |
Microsoft Active Accessibility Challenges and limitations Microsoft_Active_Accessibility > Challenges and limitations MSAA represents the UI as a hierarchy of accessible objects in a manner similar to Windows' Window Manager. Clients navigate from one accessible object to another using the IAccessible::accNavigate meth... |
Epigenetic regulation of neurogenesis Histone modifications Epigenetic_regulation_of_neurogenesis > Embryonic neurogenesis > Histone modifications Mutant analysis has shown that histone methylation modulates the production of deep layer and upper layer neurons through epigenetic regulation. Specifically, deletion of a ... |
Second-order differential equation History Differential_equation > History Lagrange solved this problem in 1755 and sent the solution to Euler. Both further developed Lagrange's method and applied it to mechanics, which led to the formulation of Lagrangian mechanics. In 1822, Fourier published his work on heat flow in ... |
NMR Chemical Shift Re-referencing General References Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_chemical_shift_re-referencing > General References "The C-13 chemical-shift index - a simple method for the identification of protein secondary structure using C-13 chemical-shift data". Journal of Biomolecular NMR. 4 (2): 171–180. |
Thermal management (electronics) Thermal interface material Heat_dissipation > Overview > Thermal interface material A thermal interface material or mastic (aka TIM) is used to fill the gaps between thermal transfer surfaces, such as between microprocessors and heatsinks, in order to increase thermal transfer efficienc... |
Amazon SimpleDB Limitations Amazon_SimpleDB > Limitations partition tolerance – components in the system are connected to one another by a computer network. If components are not able to contact one another using the network (a condition known as a network partition), operation of the system will continue.Component fai... |
Ecological selection Circumstances in which it occurs Ecological_selection > Circumstances in which it occurs Each of these is a vehicle for ecological selection to do its work in the course of evolution. However, ecological selection can be much more specific, not only working within species but within populations, ev... |
Mitotic phase Forms of mitosis Mitosis > Variations > Forms of mitosis Closed orthomitosis is found among diatoms, ciliates, some Microsporidia, unicellular yeasts and some multicellular fungi. Semiopen pleuromitosis is typical of most Apicomplexa. Semiopen orthomitosis occurs with different variants in some amoebae (L... |
Generalizability theory Overview Generalizability_theory > Overview The usefulness of data gained from a G study is crucially dependent on the design of the study. Therefore, the researcher must carefully consider the ways in which he/she hopes to generalize any specific results. Is it important to generalize from one ... |
Stem and leaf plot Summary Stem-and-leaf_plot The popularity during those years is attributable to their use of monospaced (typewriter) typestyles that allowed computer technology of the time to easily produce the graphics. Modern computers' superior graphic capabilities have meant these techniques are less often used.... |
Drug-resistant TB Summary Multidrug-resistant_TB Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a form of tuberculosis (TB) infection caused by bacteria that are resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful first-line anti-TB medications (drugs): isoniazid and rifampin. Some forms of TB are also resistan... |
Adrenal cortex Layers Adrenal_cortex > Layers The synthesis and secretion of aldosterone are mainly regulated by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. The zona glomerulosa cells express a specific enzyme aldosterone synthase (also known as CYP11B2). Aldosterone is largely responsible for the long-term regulation of... |
AI@50 Selected Submitted Papers: Future Possibilities for AI AI@50 > Conference Program and links to published papers > Selected Submitted Papers: Future Possibilities for AI Eric Steinhart, Survival as a Digital Ghost Colin T. A. Schmidt, Did You Leave That 'Contraption' Alone With Your Little Sister? Michael Anderson... |
Brian G. Gardiner (meteorologist) Summary Brian_G._Gardiner_(meteorologist) Brian Gerard Gardiner is a retired British meteorologist, formerly working for the British Antarctic Survey. Together with Joe Farman and Jonathan Shanklin he discovered the "Ozone Hole". Their results were first published on 16 May 1985. They ... |
Slenderness ratio Summary Slenderness_ratio Slenderness captures the influence on buckling of all the geometric aspects of the column, namely its length, area, and second moment of area. The influence of the material is represented separately by the material's modulus of elasticity E {\displaystyle E} . Structural engi... |
Proof of identity (blockchain consensus) The proof of identity Proof_of_identity_(blockchain_consensus) > Biometric data-based proofs > The proof of identity The system can be implemented according to CanDID methodology.The proof of identity addresses the problems with the proof of personhood and UniqueID, however, the... |
Generalised beam theory Description Generalised_beam_theory > Description The theory can be applied without restrictions to any prismatic thin-walled structural member exhibiting straight or curved axial axis (any loading, any cross-section geometry, any boundary conditions). GBT is in some ways analogous to the finite... |
Scientific realism Constructivist epistemology Scientific_realism > Arguments for and against scientific realism > Constructivist epistemology Social constructivists might argue that scientific realism is unable to account for the rapid change that occurs in scientific knowledge during periods of scientific revolution.... |
Andrey Kolmogorov Adulthood Andrey_Kolmogorov > Biography > Adulthood In 1971, Kolmogorov joined an oceanographic expedition aboard the research vessel Dmitri Mendeleev. He wrote a number of articles for the Great Soviet Encyclopedia. In his later years, he devoted much of his effort to the mathematical and philosophic... |
Energy functional Summary Energy_functional This energy is a scalar quantity, a function of the state, hence the term functional. The system tends to develop from the state with higher energy (higher cost) to the state with lower energy, thus local minima of this functional are usually related to the stable stationary ... |
Tree stack automaton Summary Tree_stack_automaton A tree stack automaton (plural: tree stack automata) is a formalism considered in automata theory. It is a finite state automaton with the additional ability to manipulate a tree-shaped stack. It is an automaton with storage whose storage roughly resembles the configura... |
Space diagonal Space diagonals of magic cubes Space_diagonal > Space diagonals of magic cubes A magic square is an arrangement of numbers in a square grid so that the sum of the numbers along every row, column, and diagonal is the same. Similarly, one may define a magic cube to be an arrangement of numbers in a cubical... |
Protein–ligand complex Functions Protein–ligand_complex > Functions Protein–ligand complexes can be found in almost any cellular process. Binding of a ligand causes a conformational change in the protein and often also in the ligand. This change initiates a sequence of events leading to different cellular functions. |
Fock state Vacuum fluctuations Photon_number > Vacuum fluctuations Thus it is easy to see that the expectation values of these field operators vanishes in the vacuum state: ⟨ 0 | F | 0 ⟩ = 0 {\displaystyle \langle 0|F|0\rangle =0} However, it can be shown that the expectation values of the square of these field operato... |
Model risk Testing Model_risk > Mitigation > Testing Stress testing and backtesting. Avoid letting small issues snowball into large issues later on. Independent validation Ongoing monitoring and against market |
Gravitational contact terms Summary Gravitational_contact_terms The contact term then generates a correction to the full action of the theory. Contact terms occur in gravity when there are non-minimal interactions, ( M P l a n c k 2 + α ϕ 2 ) R {\displaystyle (M_{Planck}^{2}+\alpha \phi ^{2})R} , or in Brans-Dicke Theo... |
Field aligned current Summary Field_aligned_current A Birkeland current (also known as field-aligned current) is a set of electrical currents that flow along geomagnetic field lines connecting the Earth's magnetosphere to the Earth's high latitude ionosphere. In the Earth's magnetosphere, the currents are driven by the... |
Matrix decomposition Singular value decomposition Matrix_decomposition > Decompositions based on eigenvalues and related concepts > Singular value decomposition Applicable to: m-by-n matrix A. Decomposition: A = U D V ∗ {\displaystyle A=UDV^{*}} , where D is a nonnegative diagonal matrix, and U and V satisfy U ∗ U = I ... |
Classifier system Methodology Learning_classifier_system > Methodology As a result, the LCS paradigm can be flexibly applied to many problem domains that call for machine learning. The major divisions among LCS implementations are as follows: (1) Michigan-style architecture vs. Pittsburgh-style architecture, (2) reinfo... |
Heat sinks Experimental methods Heat_sink > Methods to determine performance > Experimental methods Experimental tests are one of the more popular ways to determine the heat sink thermal performance. In order to determine the heat sink thermal resistance, the flow rate, input power, inlet air temperature and heat sink ... |
Equilibrium state Cited bibliography Thermodynamical_equilibrium > Cited bibliography An Advanced Treatise, ed. H. Eyring, D. Henderson, W. Jost, Academic Press, New York, lcn 73–117081. Kirkwood, J.G., Oppenheim, I. |
Nucleophilic catalysis Proton donors or acceptors Enzyme_catalysis > Mechanisms of an alternative reaction route > Proton donors or acceptors It is important to clarify that the modification of the pKa's is a pure part of the electrostatic mechanism. Furthermore, the catalytic effect of the above example is mainly asso... |
Null hypothesis Goals of null hypothesis tests Exclusion_of_the_null_hypothesis > Goals of null hypothesis tests If not true, the theory of the early universe may need revision. Null hypotheses of homogeneity are used to verify that multiple experiments are producing consistent results. For example, the effect of a med... |
Prion protein Interactions Prion_protein > Interactions A strong interaction exists between PrP and the cochaperone Hop (Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein; also called STI1 (Stress-induced protein 1)). |
Index of protein-related articles Nutrition Index_of_protein-related_articles > Nutrition Carbohydrates (nutrient), role of protein in nutrition Soy protein, storage protein held in discrete particles called protein bodies Whey protein, the name for a collection of globular proteins that can be isolated from whey |
Quasi-experiment Ethics Quasi-experiment > Ethics A quasi-experiment generally does not involve actual randomization.Quasi-experiments have outcome measures, treatments, and experimental units, but do not use random assignment. Quasi-experiments are often the design that most people choose over true experiments. It is ... |
Baroreflex activation therapy Medical uses Baroreflex_activation_therapy > Medical uses Baroreflex activation therapy is used to reduce the symptoms of heart failure in patients who do not qualify for cardiac resynchronization therapy. |
Complex-base system Base −1 ± i Complex-base_system > Base −1 ± i Of particular interest are the quater-imaginary base (base 2i) and the base −1 ± i systems discussed below, both of which can be used to finitely represent the Gaussian integers without sign. Base −1 ± i, using digits 0 and 1, was proposed by S. Khmelnik... |
Coreolis effect Corollaries Coriolis_Force > Formula > Corollaries For example, on Earth, this situation occurs for a body at the equator falling downward, as in the Dechales illustration above, where the falling ball travels further to the east than does the tower. if the velocity is straight outward from the axis, th... |
Income inequality metrics Common income inequality metrics Income_inequality_metrics > Common income inequality metrics Among the most common metrics used to measure inequality are the Gini index (also known as Gini coefficient), the Theil index, and the Hoover index. They have all four properties described above. An a... |
MadeInGermany Summary MadeInGermany For this undertaking, a new vehicle has been designed to meet the criteria for a city approval to drive autonomously on real roads. The vehicle was named MadeInGermany and has driven over 3,000 kilometers autonomously on Berlin’s city roads and highways with no human intervention. Th... |
Eye movement in music reading Summary Eye_movement_in_music_reading Saccades are separated from each other by fixations, during which the eyes are relatively stationary on the page. It is well established that the perception of visual information occurs almost entirely during fixations and that little if any informatio... |
Compressive strength Summary Compression_strength In mechanics, compressive strength (or compression strength) is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size (as opposed to tensile strength which withstands loads tending to elongate). In other words, compressive strength resists co... |
Chemical Science Industry Applied_Chemistry > Practice > Industry The chemical industry represents an important economic activity worldwide. The global top 50 chemical producers in 2013 had sales of US$980.5 billion with a profit margin of 10.3%. |
Astronomical albedo Trees Astronomical_albedo > Examples of terrestrial albedo effects > Trees The water vapor causes cooling on the land surface, causes heating where it condenses, acts a strong greenhouse gas, and can increase albedo when it condenses into clouds. Scientists generally treat evapotranspiration as a ne... |
Journal of Statistical Physics Summary Journal_of_Statistical_Physics Phys., vol. 21(6), 669–706, (1979). Times Cited: 1,071 Wertheim, MS, Fluids with highly directional attractive forces. |
Grounding in communication Grounding in conversation Grounding_in_communication > Elements of theory > Grounding in conversation Grounding in communication theory has described conversation as a form of collaborative action. While grounding in communication theory has been applied to mediated communication, the theory ... |
Span loading Effect on turning performance Wing_loading > Effect on performance > Effect on turning performance Like any body in circular motion, an aircraft that is fast and strong enough to maintain level flight at speed v in a circle of radius R accelerates towards the center at v 2 R {\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\f... |
Discrete-event simulation State Discrete_event_simulation > Components > State A system state is a set of variables that captures the salient properties of the system to be studied. The state trajectory over time S(t) can be mathematically represented by a step function whose value can change whenever an event occurs. |
Nonstructural estimation Methods Nonstructural_estimation > Methods One of the fundamental statistical methods used by econometricians is regression analysis. Regression methods are important in econometrics because economists typically cannot use controlled experiments. Econometricians often seek illuminating natural ... |
Radial basis function network Summary Radial_basis_function_network In the field of mathematical modeling, a radial basis function network is an artificial neural network that uses radial basis functions as activation functions. The output of the network is a linear combination of radial basis functions of the inputs a... |
Genomic instability The usual genome situation Genome_instability > The usual genome situation Usually, all cells in an individual in a given species (plant or animal) show a constant number of chromosomes, which constitute what is known as the karyotype defining this species (see also List of number of chromosomes of ... |
Prosolvable group Examples Prosolvable_group > Examples Let p be a prime, and denote the field of p-adic numbers, as usual, by Q p {\displaystyle \mathbf {Q} _{p}} . Then the Galois group Gal ( Q ¯ p / Q p ) {\displaystyle {\text{Gal}}({\overline {\mathbf {Q} }}_{p}/\mathbf {Q} _{p})} , where Q ¯ p {\displaystyle {\ove... |
Ulnar deviation Summary Ulnar_deviation Ulnar deviation, also known as ulnar drift, is a hand deformity in which the swelling of the metacarpophalangeal joints (the big knuckles at the base of the fingers) causes the fingers to become displaced, tending towards the little finger. Its name comes from the displacement to... |
Sub domain Overview Sub_domain > Overview The Domain Name System (DNS) has a tree structure or hierarchy, which includes nodes on the tree being a domain name. A subdomain is a domain that is part of a larger domain. Each label may contain from 0 to 63 octets. The full domain name may not exceed a total length of 253 A... |
Cockayne's syndrome Laboratory Studies Cockayne's_syndrome > Diagnosis > Laboratory Studies In Cockayne syndrome patients, UV-irradiated cells show decreased DNA and RNA synthesis. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1115866-workup#c5 Laboratory studies are mainly useful to eliminate other disorders. For example, sk... |
Virus genome Epidemiology Virus > Role in human disease > Epidemiology The rate or speed of transmission of viral infections depends on factors that include population density, the number of susceptible individuals, (i.e., those not immune), the quality of healthcare and the weather.Epidemiology is used to break the ch... |
By inspection Philosophy of mathematics Angle_chasing > Philosophy of mathematics The concept of "elementary proof" is used specifically in number theory, where it usually refers to a proof that does not resort to methods from complex analysis. folklore A result is called "folklore" if it is non-obvious, non-published,... |
Carroll's paradox Summary Carroll's_paradox In physics, Carroll's paradox arises when considering the motion of a falling rigid rod that is specially constrained. Considered one way, the angular momentum stays constant; considered in a different way, it changes. It is named after Michael M. Carroll who first published ... |
Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool History Fatigue_Avoidance_Scheduling_Tool > History However, all of these applications involved experts or personnel that they had trained. Attempts to apply FAST to daily flying scheduling operations were unsuccessful because the user interface was designed originally for scientists, ... |
Axonal projection Clinical significance Axonal_initial_segment > Clinical significance The dysfunction of axons in the nervous system is one of the major causes of many inherited and acquired neurological disorders that affect both peripheral and central neurons.When an axon is crushed, an active process of axonal dege... |
Hemostasis Steps of mechanism Hemostasis > Steps of mechanism Platelets are a large factor in the hemostatic process. They allow for the creation of the "platelet plug" that forms almost directly after a blood vessel has been ruptured. Within seconds of a blood vessel's epithelial wall being disrupted, platelets begin ... |
Digital Identity Trust, authentication and authorization Digital_Identity > Technical aspects > Trust, authentication and authorization In order to assign a digital representation to an entity, the attributing party must trust that the claim of an attribute (such as name, location, role as an employee, or age) is corre... |
Muscle fatigue Metabolites Muscle_fatigue > Metabolic fatigue > Metabolites Metabolites are the substances (generally waste products) produced as a result of muscular contraction. They include chloride, potassium, lactic acid, ADP, magnesium (Mg2+), reactive oxygen species, and inorganic phosphate. Accumulation of meta... |
Stress analysis Simplifications Stress_analysis > Mathematical methods > Simplifications Stress analysis is simplified when the physical dimensions and the distribution of loads allow the structure to be treated as one- or two-dimensional. In the analysis of a bridge, its three dimensional structure may be idealized as... |
Decision trees Optimizing a decision tree Decision_trees > Optimizing a decision tree The leaves will represent the final classification decision the model has produced based on the mutations a sample either has or does not have. The left tree is the decision tree we obtain from using information gain to split the node... |
Hydrogen-like atom Solution to Dirac equation Hydrogen-like_atom > Solution to Dirac equation The modifications of the energy due to using the Dirac equation rather than the Schrödinger solution is of the order of α2, and for this reason α is called the fine-structure constant. The solution to the Dirac equation for qu... |
Session Initiation Protocol Protocol operation Session_Initiation_Protocol > Protocol operation SIP reuses most of the header fields, encoding rules and status codes of HTTP, providing a readable text-based format. SIP can be carried by several transport layer protocols including Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Us... |
Friction drag Definition Skin_friction > Skin friction coefficient > Definition A fundamental fact in aerodynamics states that ( τ w ) l a m i n a r < ( τ w ) t u r b u l e n t {\displaystyle ({\tau _{w}})_{laminar}<({\tau _{w}})_{turbulent}} . This immediately implies that laminar skin friction drag is smaller than tu... |
Cloud computing architecture Software as a service (SaaS) Cloud_computing_architecture > Delivery > Software as a service (SaaS) The software-as-a-service (SaaS) service-model involves the cloud provider installing and maintaining software in the cloud and users running the software from cloud over the Internet (or Int... |
Mathematical algorithm Formal versus empirical Algorithm_design > Algorithmic analysis > Formal versus empirical The analysis, and study of algorithms is a discipline of computer science, and is often practiced abstractly without the use of a specific programming language or implementation. In this sense, algorithm ana... |
Creep-testing machine Applications Creep-testing_machine > Applications Creep machines are most commonly used in experiments to determine how efficient and stable a material is. The machine is used by students and companies to create a creep curve on how much pressure and stress a material can handle. The machine is ab... |
Multiple Virtual Storage MVS filesystem Multiple_Virtual_Storage > MVS filesystem That is, Unix programs using fopen() can access an MVS dataset and a user can allocate a Unix file as though it were a dataset, with some restrictions. The Hierarchical File System (HFS) (not to be confused with Apple's Hierarchical File ... |
QUIC Background QUIC > Background Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP, aims to provide an interface for sending streams of data between two endpoints. Data is handed to the TCP system, which ensures the data makes it to the other end in exactly the same form, or the connection will indicate that an error condition ex... |
Metric unit Background Metric_symbol > Background Derived units may have their own unit name, such as the watt (J/s) and lux (cd/m2), or may just be expressed as combinations of base units, such as velocity (m/s) and acceleration (m/s2).The metric system was designed to have properties that make it easy to use and wide... |
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