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Crossover junction endodeoxyribonuclease Structure Crossover_junction_endodeoxyribonuclease > Structure E. coli RuvC, a Crossover junction endodeoxyribonuclease, is a small protein of about 20 kD, and its active form is a dimer that requires and binds a magnesium ion . RuvC is a 3-layer alpha-beta sandwich with a beta-... |
R naught The SEIR model with vital dynamics and constant population Basic_reproduction_number > Definitions in specific cases > Compartmental models in epidemiology > Next-generation matrix for compartmental models > The SEIR model with vital dynamics and constant population As in the previous example, we can use the t... |
Ocean planet Oxygen Ocean_planet > Astrobiology > Oxygen Molecular oxygen (O2) can be produced by geophysical processes, as well as a byproduct of photosynthesis by life forms, so although encouraging, O2 is not a reliable biosignature. In fact, planets with high concentration of O2 in their atmosphere may be uninhabit... |
Energy distribution 100–120 volt systems Electric_distribution_network > Secondary distribution > Regional variations > 100–120 volt systems Most of the Americas use 60 Hz AC, the 120/240 volt split-phase system domestically and three phase for larger installations. North American transformers usually power homes at 24... |
Induction welding Summary Induction_welding In a ferromagnetic workpiece, the heating is caused mainly by hysteresis, as the electromagnetic field repeatedly distorts the magnetic domains of the ferromagnetic material. In practice, most materials undergo a combination of these two effects. Nonmagnetic materials and ele... |
Organoargon chemistry Summary Organoargon_chemistry Argon ionises at 15.76 eV, which is higher than hydrogen, but lower than helium, neon or fluorine. Molecules containing argon can be van der Waals molecules held together very weakly by London dispersion forces. Ionic molecules can be bound by charge induced dipole in... |
EIA Class 2 dielectric HF use, inductance (ESL) and self-resonant frequency EIA_Class_1_dielectric > Electrical characteristics > HF use, inductance (ESL) and self-resonant frequency For any AC application the self-resonant frequency is the highest frequency at which a capacitor can be used as a capacitive component. A... |
Genetic engineering in agriculture Research Genetic_engineering_in_agriculture > Applications > Research It is used especially frequently in developmental biology. When this is done by creating a library of genes with point mutations at every position in the area of interest, or even every position in the whole gene, t... |
Glossary of virology C Glossary_of_virology > C cap cap snatching capsid The outer shell of protein that encloses and protects the genetic material of a virus. capsomere A subunit of the viral capsid which self-assembles with other capsomeres to form the capsid. co-option coinfection The simultaneous infection of a cel... |
Josephson frequency Applications Josephson_penetration_depth > Applications Josephson junctions are integral in superconducting quantum computing as qubits such as in a flux qubit or others schemes where the phase and charge act as the conjugate variables.Superconducting tunnel junction detectors (STJs) may become a vi... |
Acid egg Acid Egg Acid_egg > Acid Egg This was specifically devised to deal with the highly corrosive sulfuric acid, but was extended to other corrosive substances. It was traditionally made of ceramic (to be corrosion resistant) and spherical in shape (to withstand the pressure) thus giving its name. A cylindrical ver... |
Zero-error Probabilistic Polynomial time Summary Zero-error_Probabilistic_Polynomial_time It returns DO NOT KNOW with probability at most 1/2 for every input (and the correct answer otherwise).The two definitions are equivalent. The definition of ZPP is based on probabilistic Turing machines, but, for clarity, note tha... |
MRN complex Role in human cancer MRN_complex > Role in human cancer The MRN complex's roles in cancer development are as varied as its biological functions. Double-strand DNA breaks, which it monitors and signals for repair, may themselves be the cause of carcinogenic genetic alteration, suggesting MRN provides a prote... |
Tail recursive Example programs Tail_recursive > Example programs The following program is an example in Scheme: This is not written in a tail-recursive style, because the multiplication function ("*") is in the tail position. This can be compared to: This program assumes applicative-order evaluation. The inner procedu... |
Itch mite Clinical significance Itch_mite > Clinical significance In the hair follicles, the larvae show the first nymphal stages, with eight legs. In the nymphal stages, the creature feeds and moults, and if male, gives rise to the adult. In the case of females, another moult occurs before adulthood. |
Period 7 element Elements Period_7_element > Elements (?) Prediction (*) Exception to the Madelung rule. In many periodic tables, the f-block is erroneously shifted one element to the right, so that lanthanum and actinium become d-block elements, and Ce–Lu and Th–Lr form the f-block tearing the d-block into two very un... |
Nucleosynthesis Minor mechanisms and processes Nucleosynthesis > Minor mechanisms and processes This process happens when an energetic particle from radioactive decay, often an alpha particle, reacts with a nucleus of another atom to change the nucleus into another nuclide. This process may also cause the production of... |
Middle tumor antigen Structure and expression Middle_tumor_antigen > Structure and expression The result of this genetic encoding is three proteins that share a common N-terminal sequence, forming a protein domain called the J domain which has sequence homology to DnaJ molecular chaperone proteins. MTag and STag share ... |
Aufbau Principle Exceptions in the d-block Atomic_build-up > Madelung energy ordering rule > Exceptions in the d-block The rule then predicts the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d9 4s2, abbreviated 3d9 4s2 where denotes the configuration of argon, the preceding noble gas. However, the measured electron co... |
Vaccine ingredients Immunogens Vaccine_ingredients > Immunogens Many vaccines developed in the 20th century contain whole bacteria or viruses, which are either inactivated (killed), attenuated (weakened) or a strain chosen to be harmless in humans. Since these are so small, even a tiny amount of them contains a huge nu... |
Economic graph Summary Economic_graph The social science of economics makes extensive use of graphs to better illustrate the economic principles and trends it is attempting to explain. Those graphs have specific qualities that are not often found (or are not often found in such combinations) in other sciences. A common... |
RNS formalism Overview RNS_formalism > Overview This overcounting is eliminated by dividing by the volume of the gauge group V G {\displaystyle V_{G}} . BRST quantization proceeds by gauge fixing the path integral via the Fadeev–Popov procedure, which gives rise to a ghost action in addition to the now gauge fixed acti... |
C13H13NO4 Summary C13H13NO4 The molecular formula C13H13NO4 (molar mass: 247.25 g/mol, exact mass: 247.0845 u) may refer to: CPCCOEt CX614 |
Levels of organization Summary Levels_of_organization_(ecology) Biological organisation is the organisation of complex biological structures and systems that define life using a reductionistic approach. The traditional hierarchy, as detailed below, extends from atoms to biospheres. The higher levels of this scheme are ... |
Route of administration Parenteral Oral_drug > Choice of routes > Parenteral The term parenteral is from para-1 'beside' + Greek enteron 'intestine' + -al. This name is due to the fact that it encompasses a route of administration that is not intestinal. However, in common English the term has mostly been used to descr... |
Renal physiology Osmolality Renal_physiology > Other functions > Maintaining homeostasis > Osmolality However, when plasma blood volume is low and ADH is released the aquaporins that are opened are also permeable to urea. This allows urea to leave the collecting duct into the medulla, creating a hyperosmotic solution t... |
Vision Pro Hardware Apple_Vision_Pro > Specifications > Hardware The Vision Pro has an outward-facing display called EyeSight, which displays the eyes of the user's CGI persona. Its eyes appear dimmed when in AR and obscured when in full immersion to indicate the user's environmental awareness. When someone else approa... |
Tertiary amine Solvation effects Tertiary_amine > Basicity > Solvation effects The order of pKb's (basicities in water) does not follow this order. Similarly aniline is more basic than ammonia in the gas phase, but ten thousand times less so in aqueous solution.In aprotic polar solvents such as DMSO, DMF, and acetonitr... |
Succinic acid Chemical reactions Succinic_acid > Chemical reactions Succinic acid can be dehydrogenated to fumaric acid or be converted to diesters, such as diethylsuccinate (CH2CO2CH2CH3)2. This diethyl ester is a substrate in the Stobbe condensation. Dehydration of succinic acid gives succinic anhydride. Succinate ca... |
Close-up lens Optical power Close-up_lens > Optical power It can be inferred as the reciprocal of the maximum specified working distance in meters (i.e., a lens with a maximum working distance of 25cm has a strength of +4 diopters). Several close-up lenses may be used in combination; the optical power of the combinatio... |
Metric System Summary Metric_unit A unit derived from the base units is used for expressing quantities of dimensions that can be derived from the base dimensions of the system—e.g., the square metre is the derived unit for area, which is derived from length. These derived units are coherent, which means that they invol... |
Electromagnetically induced acoustic noise General explanation Electromagnetically_induced_acoustic_noise_and_vibration > General explanation Lorentz or Laplace forces act on conductors plunged in an external magnetic field. Equivalent electromagnetic forces due to the presence of an electrical field can involve electr... |
Distributed operating system Connection Distributed_operating_system > Distributed computing models > Three basic distributions > Connection Centralized systems connect constituents directly to a central master entity in a hub and spoke fashion. A decentralized system (aka network system) incorporates direct and indire... |
Thyroid storm Increases in free thyroid hormone Thyroid_storm > Pathophysiology > Increases in free thyroid hormone Individuals with thyroid storm tend to have increased levels of free thyroid hormone, although total thyroid hormone levels may not be much higher than in uncomplicated hyperthyroidism. The rise in the av... |
Messenger line Applications Messenger_line > Applications A heaving line thrown from a ship to shore then used to pull the mooring warp from the ship to a bollard. A light line installed inside a mast during manufacture, which is later used to reeve a halyard or pull an electrical cable into place. A line used to lower... |
Pioneer 11 Pioneer anomaly Pioneer_11 > Pioneer anomaly Analysis of the radio tracking data from the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft at distances between 20 and 70 AU from the Sun had consistently indicated the presence of a small but anomalous Doppler frequency drift. The drift can be interpreted as due to a constant acc... |
G2-M DNA damage checkpoint Maintaining the checkpoint G2-M_DNA_damage_checkpoint > Pathway response to DNA damage > Maintaining the checkpoint Its necessity is demonstrated by the fact that in the absence of rad18, DNA is unable to be repaired even when G2 arrest is prolonged by other means. The maintenance of such arr... |
Vector space Summary Linear_space A vector space is finite-dimensional if its dimension is a natural number. Otherwise, it is infinite-dimensional, and its dimension is an infinite cardinal. Finite-dimensional vector spaces occur naturally in geometry and related areas. |
Desktop operating system Signal Desktop_operating_system > Components > Kernel > Interrupts > Signal The categories are: when a process finishes normally. when a process has an error exception. when a process runs out of a system resource. |
List of textbooks on classical mechanics and quantum mechanics Quantum mechanics List_of_textbooks_on_classical_mechanics_and_quantum_mechanics > Advanced undergraduate and graduate > Quantum mechanics Sakurai, J. J.; Napolitano, Jim (2017). Modern Quantum Mechanics (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. |
Internet Protocol Version 4 Allocation Internet_Protocol_Version_4 > Addressing > Allocation CIDR was designed to permit repartitioning of any address space so that smaller or larger blocks of addresses could be allocated to users. The hierarchical structure created by CIDR is managed by the Internet Assigned Numbers A... |
Richard Feynman Textbooks and lecture notes Richard_Feynman > Bibliography > Textbooks and lecture notes ISBN 0-7382-0296-7. Computer science also differs from physics in that it is not actually a science. It does not study natural objects. Neither is it, as you might think, mathematics; although it does use mathematic... |
Psychology of learning Neuroscience Psychology_of_learning > Psychology of learning theories > Neuroscience The neuroscience of learning focuses on the relationships among the central nervous system, learning, and behavior. This central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain and spinal cord which are responsible... |
Chlororespiration The relation between chlororespiration, photosynthesis and respiration Chlororespiration > The relation between chlororespiration, photosynthesis and respiration The mutant Chlamydomonas alga species, lacks photosystems one and two (PS I and PS II), so when the alga underwent flash-induced PS I activi... |
Phi Josephson junction Applications Phi_Josephson_junction > Applications If the φ junctions switches to the voltage state, its state was −φ, otherwise, it was +φ. The use of φ junctions as a memory cell (1 bit) was already demonstrated. In quantum domain the φ junction can be used as a two-level system (qubit). |
Anderson acceleration Definition Anderson_acceleration > Definition Given a function f: R n → R n {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} ^{n}} , consider the problem of finding a fixed point of f {\displaystyle f} , which is a solution to the equation f ( x ) = x {\displaystyle f(x)=x} . A classical approach ... |
Quantum digital signature Quantum Digital Signature Quantum_digital_signature > Quantum Digital Signature Like classical digital signatures, quantum digital signatures make use of asymmetric keys. Thus, a person who wants to sign a message creates one or more pairs of sign and corresponding public keys. In general we c... |
Gas embolism Treatment of divers Gas_embolism > Treatment > Treatment of divers Oxygen first aid treatment is useful for suspected gas embolism casualties or divers who have made fast ascents or missed decompression stops. Most fully closed-circuit rebreathers can deliver sustained high concentrations of oxygen-rich br... |
C14H19N3O Summary C14H19N3O The molecular formula C14H19N3O (molar mass: 245.320 g/mol, exact mass: 245.1528 u) may refer to: Methafurylene, an antihistamine Oxolamine, a cough suppressant |
Fabric structure Vinyl-laminated polyesters Fabric_structure > Fabric structure basics > Vinyl-laminated polyesters The adhesive enables the seam to meet shear forces and load requirements for a structure at all temperatures. The adhesive prevents wicking of moisture into the scrim’s fibers, which also prevents fungal ... |
RF resonant cavity thruster Theoretical inconsistencies EmDrive > Theoretical inconsistencies Extraction of a net momentum "from nothing" has been postulated in an inhomogeneous vacuum, but this remains highly controversial as it will violate Lorentz invariance.Both Harold White's and Mike McCulloch's theories of how t... |
Chemical warfare agent Summary Chemical_Weapon All may be used in warfare and are known by the military acronym NBC (for nuclear, biological, and chemical warfare). Weapons of mass destruction are distinct from conventional weapons, which are primarily effective due to their explosive, kinetic, or incendiary potential.... |
Proper acceleration Acceleration in (1+1)D Proper_acceleration > Viewed from a flat spacetime slice > Acceleration in (1+1)D In the unidirectional case i.e. when the object's acceleration is parallel or antiparallel to its velocity in the spacetime slice of the observer, proper acceleration α and coordinate acceleratio... |
Left recursion Accommodating left recursion in top-down parsing Left_recursion > Accommodating left recursion in top-down parsing In 2006, Frost and Hafiz described an algorithm which accommodates ambiguous grammars with direct left-recursive production rules. That algorithm was extended to a complete parsing algorithm... |
Codomain Summary Codomain In mathematics, the codomain or set of destination of a function is the set into which all of the output of the function is constrained to fall. It is the set Y in the notation f: X → Y. The term range is sometimes ambiguously used to refer to either the codomain or image of a function. A codo... |
Immune surveillance Manipulation in medicine Immune_surveillance > Manipulation in medicine The immune response can be manipulated to suppress unwanted responses resulting from autoimmunity, allergy, and transplant rejection, and to stimulate protective responses against pathogens that largely elude the immune system (... |
Artificial general intelligence Benefits Artificial_general_intelligence > Benefits AGI could have a wide variety of applications. If oriented towards such goal, AGI could help mitigate various problems in the world such as hunger, poverty and health problems.AGI could improve the productivity and efficiency in most jo... |
Assistive Technology for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Video captioning Assistive_Technology_for_Deaf_and_Hard_of_Hearing > Communication Support Technology > Real time captioning > Video captioning Video captions make video content more accessible to all audiences. The 21st Century Communications & Video Accessibility Act ... |
Gametogenesis Summary Gametogenesis Gametogenesis is a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid gametes. Depending on the biological life cycle of the organism, gametogenesis occurs by meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into var... |
Fujifilm F-mount Optical design Fujifilm_F-mount > Nikkor > Designations > Optical design To counteract chromatic aberration. It replaces several lens elements, thus reducing the size and weight of a lens. Reflex — Designates a catadioptric (mirror) lens. |
Distributed Hash Table Implementations Distributed_Hash_Table > Implementations Some DHTs may also publish objects of different types. For example, key k could be the node ID and associated data could describe how to contact this node. This allows publication-of-presence information and often used in IM applications, e... |
Definition Recursive definitions Definition > In logic and mathematics > Recursive definitions All other things are excluded from the setFor instance, we could define a natural number as follows (after Peano): "0" is a natural number. Each natural number has a unique successor, such that: the successor of a natural num... |
Technological theory of social production Implementations Technological_theory_of_social_production > Implementations The written above relations present a framework of description of economic development, which can be applied in case, if availability of production factors, determined by their rates of potential growth... |
Finite element History Finite_element_solver > History Courant's contribution was evolutionary, drawing on a large body of earlier results for PDEs developed by Rayleigh, Ritz, and Galerkin. The finite element method obtained its real impetus in the 1960s and 1970s by the developments of J. H. Argyris with co-workers a... |
System virtual machine Summary System_virtual_machine In computing, a system virtual machine is a virtual machine (VM) that provides a complete system platform and supports the execution of a complete operating system (OS). These usually emulate an existing architecture, and are built with the purpose of either providi... |
Maxwell's demon Original thought experiment Maxwell's_demon > Original thought experiment The second law of thermodynamics ensures (through statistical probability) that two bodies of different temperature, when brought into contact with each other and isolated from the rest of the Universe, will evolve to a thermodyna... |
Aging clock Definition and characteristics Immune_system_theory_of_aging > Definition and characteristics Aging has been defined as "a progressive deterioration of physiological function, an intrinsic age-related process of loss of viability and increase in vulnerability. "In 2013, a group of scientists defined nine ha... |
State diagram State diagrams versus flowcharts State_diagram > State diagrams versus flowcharts Newcomers to the state machine formalism often confuse state diagrams with flowcharts. The figure below shows a comparison of a state diagram with a flowchart. A state machine (panel (a)) performs actions in response to expl... |
Angiotensin II Summary Angiotensin_I An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. Angiotensin was isolated in the late 1930s (first named 'angiotonin' or 'hypertensin') and subsequently characterized and synt... |
Primary progressive multiple sclerosis Adverse effects Primary_progressive_multiple_sclerosis > Management > Chronic management > Adverse effects The disease-modifying treatments have several adverse effects. One of the most common is irritation at the injection site for glatiramer acetate and the interferons (up to 90... |
Procedural knowledge Activation Procedural_knowledge > Activation There are evidences found that motor planning occurs by changing features of successively needed motor plans. Also, Rosenhaum et al. (2007) found that even single movements appear to be controlled with hierarchically organized plans. With starting and go... |
Internet Governance Background Internet_Governance > Background There has been a long-held dispute over the management of the DNS root zone, whose final control fell under the supervision of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Considering ... |
Topological group Homotopy theory of topological groups Topological_groups > Homotopy theory of topological groups Finally, compact connected Lie groups have been classified by Wilhelm Killing, Élie Cartan, and Hermann Weyl. As a result, there is an essentially complete description of the possible homotopy types of Lie... |
Algebraic number Properties Algebraic_number > Properties The set of algebraic numbers is countable (enumerable), and therefore its Lebesgue measure as a subset of the complex numbers is 0 (essentially, the algebraic numbers take up no space in the complex numbers). That is to say, "almost all" real and complex numbers... |
Two-dimensional manifold Charts Real_manifold > Charts, atlases, and transition maps > Charts A coordinate map, a coordinate chart, or simply a chart, of a manifold is an invertible map between a subset of the manifold and a simple space such that both the map and its inverse preserve the desired structure. For a topol... |
Cambrian radiation Ozone formation Cambrian_radiation > Possible causes > Changes in the environment > Ozone formation The amount of ozone (O3) required to shield Earth from biologically lethal UV radiation, wavelengths from 200 to 300 nanometers (nm), is believed to have been in existence around the Cambrian explosion... |
Mesoscale eddy Mesoscale ocean eddies Mesoscale_eddies > Mesoscale ocean eddies Eddies are common in the ocean, and range in diameter from centimeters to hundreds of kilometers. The smallest scale eddies may last for a matter of seconds, while the larger features may persist for months to years. Eddies that are between... |
Jacobi equation Examples Jacobi_field > Examples For Riemannian manifolds of constant negative sectional curvature − k 2 {\displaystyle -k^{2}} , any Jacobi field is a linear combination of γ ˙ ( t ) {\displaystyle {\dot {\gamma }}(t)} , t γ ˙ ( t ) {\displaystyle t{\dot {\gamma }}(t)} and exp ( ± k t ) e i ( t ) {\d... |
Vector network analyzer Calibration and error correction Vector_network_analyzer > Calibration and error correction From these three measurements the network analyzer can account for the three errors above.A more complex calibration is a full 2-port reflectivity and transmission calibration. For two ports there are 12 ... |
Autonomous racing Future Autonomous_racing > Future Porsche is developing autonomous car technology to enable a driver to experience hands free how a professional motor racing champion would tackle a racetrack. They are aiming to use software that will capture data from professional drivers as they rip around a racecou... |
Shannon's entropy Relationship to thermodynamic entropy Shannon's_entropy > Aspects > Relationship to thermodynamic entropy As the minuteness of the Boltzmann constant kB indicates, the changes in S / kB for even tiny amounts of substances in chemical and physical processes represent amounts of entropy that are extreme... |
Symmetric group Definition and first properties Symmetric_group > Definition and first properties {\displaystyle X!} , and Sym ( X ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Sym} (X)} . If X {\displaystyle X} is the set { 1 , 2 , … , n } {\displaystyle \{1,2,\ldots ,n\}} then the name may be abbreviated to S n {\displaystyle \m... |
Quaternions and spatial rotation Visualizing the space of rotations Quaternions_and_spatial_rotation > Quaternion rotation operations > The hypersphere of rotations > Visualizing the space of rotations The magnitude of the unit quaternion will be unity, corresponding to a hypersphere of unit radius. The vector part of ... |
Bloch spectrum Summary Bloch_spectrum The Bloch spectrum is a concept in quantum mechanics in the field of theoretical physics; this concept addresses certain energy spectrum considerations. Let H be the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation operator H = − d 2 d x 2 + U α , {\displaystyle H=-{\frac {d^{2}}{dx^{2}}}+U_{\... |
Functionalism (philosophy of mind) Machine-state functionalism Functionalism_(philosophy_of_mind) > Types > Machine-state functionalism The machine has a read-write head that scans cells and moves in left and right directions. The action of the machine is determined by the symbol in the cell being scanned and a table o... |
Emergent curriculum Learning plans Emergent_curriculum > Planning an emergent curriculum > Learning plans In emergent curriculum settings, learning plans are often more of a loose outline. This because success in the program often generates spontaneous deterrence by students to plans to support engagement (MachLachlan ... |
Diagonalization argument Ordering of cardinals Cantor's_diagonalization_method > Consequences > Ordering of cardinals With equality defined as the existence of a bijection between their underlying sets, Cantor also defines binary predicate of cardinalities | S | {\displaystyle |S|} and | T | {\displaystyle |T|} in term... |
Obstructive pulmonary disease Exacerbations Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disorder > Exacerbations Bushfires in Australia add to the high risk factors for COPD and its worsening for farmers.The number of exacerbations is not seen to relate to any stage of the disease; those with two or more a year are classed as freque... |
D* Summary D*_search_algorithm It makes assumptions about the unknown part of the terrain (for example: that it contains no obstacles) and finds a shortest path from its current coordinates to the goal coordinates under these assumptions. The robot then follows the path. When it observes new map information (such as pr... |
General adversarial network Mechanisms General_adversarial_network > Defenses > Mechanisms A number of defense mechanisms against evasion, poisoning, and privacy attacks have been proposed, including: Secure learning algorithms Byzantine-resilient algorithms Multiple classifier systems AI-written algorithms. AIs that e... |
Heisenberg's inequality Signal processing Heisenberg_limit > Harmonic analysis > Signal processing In the context of signal processing, and in particular time–frequency analysis, uncertainty principles are referred to as the Gabor limit, after Dennis Gabor, or sometimes the Heisenberg–Gabor limit. The basic result, whi... |
Carcinogenesis Genome instability Carcinogenesis > Causes > Genome instability When expression of DNA repair genes is reduced, DNA damage accumulates in cells at a higher than normal rate, and this excess damage causes an increased frequency of mutation and/or epimutation. Mutation rates strongly increase in cells defe... |
Electron diffraction Geometrical considerations Electron_diffraction > Basics > Geometrical considerations One can also have intensities further out from reciprocal lattice points which are in a higher layer. The first of these is called the first order Laue zone (FOLZ); the series is called by the generic name higher ... |
Attentional shift Overt vs. covert attention Attentional_shift > Overt vs. covert attention Changes in spatial attention can occur with the eyes moving, overtly, or with the eyes remaining fixated, covertly. Within the human eye only a small part, the fovea, is able to bring objects into sharp focus. However, it is thi... |
Fosinopril Medical uses Fosinopril > Medical uses Renin converts the inactive angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II (AII) by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). AII can have negative effects on the cardiovascular system after events such as heart failure and myocardial infarction. AI... |
Discrete transistor Classification Silicon_transistor > Types > Classification Physical packaging: through-hole metal, through-hole plastic, surface mount, ball grid array, power modules (see Packaging). Amplification factor hFE, βF (transistor beta) or gm (transconductance). Working temperature: Extreme temperature tr... |
Particle-laden flow Modeling Particle-laden_flow > Modeling Like all fluid dynamics-related disciplines, the modelling of particle-laden flows is an enormous challenge for researchers - this is because most flows of practical interest are turbulent. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) for single-phase flow, let alone tw... |
Weng Cho Chew Recent publications Weng_Cho_Chew > Recent publications (open access) "Casimir Force: Vacuum Fluctuation, Zero-Point Energy, and Computational Electromagnetics," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine. doi:10.1109/MAP.2021.3073118. Chew, W. C., Na, D.-Y., Roth, T. E., Ryu, C. J., & Kudeki, E. |
Generic-case complexity NP complete problems Generic-case_complexity > Theory and applications > NP complete problems As it is well known that NP-complete problems can be easy on average, it is not a surprise that several of them are generically easy too. The three satisfiability problem is in ExpGenP. The subset sum p... |
McShane integral Example 2 McShane_integral > Examples > Example 2 . , r n , . . |
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