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Frequency synthesizer Principle of PLL synthesizers Frequency_synthesiser > Principle of PLL synthesizers See main article: Phase-locked loopA phase locked loop is a feedback control system. It compares the phases of two input signals and produces an error signal that is proportional to the difference between their pha... |
Atomic oxygen Singlet oxygen Oxygen_molecule > Dioxygen > Singlet oxygen Singlet oxygen is the common name used for the two metastable states of molecular oxygen (O2) with higher energy than the ground state triplet oxygen. Because of the differences in their electron shells, singlet oxygen has different chemical and p... |
Interpreted programming language Compilers versus interpreters Interpreted_programming_language > Compilers versus interpreters On the other hand, compiled and linked programs for small embedded systems are typically statically allocated, often hard coded in a NOR flash memory, as there is often no secondary storage an... |
Tolman's rule Summary Tolman's_rule Tolman's rule states that, in a certain chemical reaction, the steps involve exclusively intermediates of 18- and 16 electron configuration. The rule is an extension of the 18-electron rule. This rule was proposed by American chemist Chadwick A. Tolman. As stated above, Tolman's rule... |
Collective investment scheme Switzerland Managed_fund > European collective investments > Switzerland open-ended Anlagefonds (unincorporated investment fund or common fund) SICAV (Société d'investissement à capital variable) (Investment company with variable capital) closed-ended Kommanditgesellschaft für Kapitalanlage... |
Bacterial sepsis Pathophysiology Blood_poisoning > Pathophysiology Sepsis is caused by a combination of factors related to the particular invading pathogen(s) and to the status of the immune system of the host. The early phase of sepsis characterized by excessive inflammation (sometimes resulting in a cytokine storm) m... |
Agent-based social simulation Further studies Agent-based_social_simulation > Further studies p. 208. ISBN 0-262-55025-3. |
Transgenerational epigenetics Epigenetic categories Transgenerational_epigenetic_inheritance > Epigenetic categories The prions use themselves as a template and then edit the folding of normal proteins to match their own folding pattern. The changes in the protein folding results in an alteration in the normal protein'... |
Inertial Navigation Strapdown systems Inertial_reference_system > Basic schemes > Strapdown systems The higher rate is needed to let the navigation system integrate the angular rate into an attitude accurately. The data updating algorithms (direction cosines or quaternions) involved are too complex to be accurately per... |
Recall and precision Imbalanced data Precision_and_recall > Imbalanced data For example, for a search engine that returns 30 results (retrieved documents) out of 1,000,000 documents, the PPCR is 0.003%. According to Saito and Rehmsmeier, precision-recall plots are more informative than ROC plots when evaluating binary ... |
Attention schema theory Summary of the theory Attention_schema_theory > Summary of the theory In the theory, the attention schema provides the requisite information that allows the machine to make claims about consciousness. When the machine claims to be conscious of thing X – when it claims that it has a subjective aw... |
Partial sums Summary Series_(mathematics) This value is the limit as n tends to infinity (if the limit exists) of the finite sums of the n first terms of the series, which are called the nth partial sums of the series. That is, When this limit exists, one says that the series is convergent or summable, or that the sequ... |
Sliding mode control Summary Sliding_mode_control In control systems, sliding mode control (SMC) is a nonlinear control method that alters the dynamics of a nonlinear system by applying a discontinuous control signal (or more rigorously, a set-valued control signal) that forces the system to "slide" along a cross-secti... |
Split attention effect A visual example of split attention Split_attention_effect > A visual example of split attention In several studies and experiments, Sweller and his associates found that learners had difficulty following some worked examples with diagrams separated from formulas, whereas learners using integrate... |
Sulfonylurea herbicide Treatment of type 2 diabetes Sulfonylurea_herbicide > Uses > Medical uses > Treatment of type 2 diabetes They are widely used as antidiabetic drugs in the management of diabetes mellitus type 2. They act by increasing secretion of insulin from the beta cells in the pancreas.Sulfonylureas are inef... |
The Master Algorithm Reception The_Master_Algorithm > In the media > Reception A computer science educator stated in Times Higher Education that the examples are clear and accessible. In contrast, The Economist agreed Domingos "does a good job" but complained that he "constantly invents metaphors that grate or confuse"... |
Nitrogen compounds Nitrides, azides, and nitrido complexes Nitrogen_compounds > Nitrides, azides, and nitrido complexes They are normally prepared by directly reacting a metal with nitrogen or ammonia (sometimes after heating), or by thermal decomposition of metal amides: 3 Ca + N2 → Ca3N2 3 Mg + 2 NH3 → Mg3N2 + 3 H2 (... |
Foucault's measurements of the speed of light 1862 experiment Foucault's_measurements_of_the_speed_of_light > Foucault's determination of the speed of light > 1862 experiment Despite this limited path length, Foucault was able to measure the displacement of the slit image (less than 1 mm) with considerable accuracy. In... |
Pseudo-spectral method Polynomials Pseudo-spectral_method > Special pseudospectral schemes > Polynomials This basis, together with the quadrature points can then be used for the pseudo-spectral method. For the discussion of the error, note that if f {\displaystyle f} is well represented by N f {\displaystyle N_{f}} bas... |
Browder fixed-point theorem Summary Browder_fixed-point_theorem The Browder fixed-point theorem is a refinement of the Banach fixed-point theorem for uniformly convex Banach spaces. It asserts that if K {\displaystyle K} is a nonempty convex closed bounded set in uniformly convex Banach space and f {\displaystyle f} is... |
Affine connection Motivation and history Affine_connection > Motivation and history A smooth manifold is a mathematical object which looks locally like a smooth deformation of Euclidean space Rn: for example a smooth curve or surface looks locally like a smooth deformation of a line or a plane. Smooth functions and vec... |
DNA Polymerase I Mechanism DNA_Polymerase_I > Mechanism Its role in replication was proven when, in 1969, John Cairns isolated a viable polymerase I mutant that lacked the polymerase activity. Cairns' lab assistant, Paula De Lucia, created thousands of cell free extracts from E. coli colonies and assayed them for DNA-p... |
Object manager Summary Object_manager An object manager is a concept, and often a piece of software, found in object-oriented programming. The object manager provides rules for retention, naming and security of objects. |
Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering M Glossary_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineering > M mechanical rectifier An electromechanical device for converting alternating current to direct current, using sets of contacts which operate in synchronism with the AC. mechatronics Combinations of mechanical syst... |
Foam cells Composition Foam_cell > Composition The oxidized LDL accumulates in the macrophages and other phagocytes, which are then known as foam cells. Foam cells form the fatty streaks of the plaques of atheroma in the tunica intima of arteries. Foam cells are not dangerous as such, but can become a problem when they... |
Inline function Example Inline_function > Example An inline function can be written in C or C++ like this: Then, a statement such as the following: may be translated into (if the compiler decides to do the inlining, which typically requires optimization to be enabled): When implementing a sorting algorithm doing lots o... |
Laser converting Summary Laser_converting For industrial processes, Laser converting or laser digital converting is a production technology that enables device manufacturers to produce features that otherwise would be problematic or even impossible to die-cut, without the need for tooling. In contrast to traditional me... |
Proline isomerization in epigenetics Cell signaling Proline_isomerization_in_epigenetics > Cell signaling Cell signaling involves many different processes and proteins. One of the most studied cell signaling phenomena involving proline is the interactions with p53 and prolyl isomerases, specifically Pin1. The protein p... |
Methylazoxymethanol acetate Schizophrenia Methylazoxymethanol_acetate > MAM animal models > Schizophrenia In rat models, the specific effect of MAM on neural development depends on the gestational age of the subject. At the seventeenth gestational day (GD17), administration of MAM produces behavioral and histopathologi... |
Glucose oxidation reaction Regulated Enzymes in Glycolysis Glycolysis > Regulation > Regulated Enzymes in Glycolysis The regulated enzymes catalyzing these reactions perform these functions when they have been dephosphorylated through the action of insulin on the liver cells. Between meals, during fasting, exercise or ... |
Tracing just-in-time compilation Profiling phase Tracing_just-in-time_compilation > Technical details > Profiling phase The goal of profiling is to identify hot loops. This is often done by counting the number of iterations for every loop. After the count of a loop exceeds a certain threshold, the loop is considered to... |
Parameterized approximation algorithm Approximate kernelization Parameterized_approximation_algorithm > Approximate kernelization Kernelization is a technique used in fixed-parameter tractability to pre-process an instance of an NP-hard problem in order to remove "easy parts" and reveal the NP-hard core of the instance... |
Correlation ratio Summary Correlation_ratio In statistics, the correlation ratio is a measure of the curvilinear relationship between the statistical dispersion within individual categories and the dispersion across the whole population or sample. The measure is defined as the ratio of two standard deviations represent... |
Reverse Monte Carlo Issues with the RMC method Reverse_Monte_Carlo > Issues with the RMC method The RMC method suffers from a number of potential problems. The most notable problem is that often more than one qualitatively different model will give similar agreement with experimental data. For example, in the case of a... |
Homomorphism Examples Homomorphism > Examples {\displaystyle f(z)=|z|.} That is, f {\displaystyle f} is the absolute value (or modulus) of the complex number z {\displaystyle z} . Then f {\displaystyle f} is a homomorphism of groups, since it preserves multiplication: f ( z 1 z 2 ) = | z 1 z 2 | = | z 1 | | z 2 | = f (... |
Energy return on investment Non-manmade energy inputs Energy_return_on_investment > Non-manmade energy inputs The natural or primary energy sources are not included in the calculation of energy invested, only the human-applied sources. For example, in the case of biofuels the solar insolation driving photosynthesis is ... |
Mastery learning Summary Mastery_learning Mastery learning (or, as it was initially called, "learning for mastery"; also known as "mastery-based learning") is an instructional strategy and educational philosophy, first formally proposed by Benjamin Bloom in 1968. Mastery learning maintains that students must achieve a ... |
Fibromyalgia syndrome Neuroendocrine system Fibromyalgia_syndrome > Pathophysiology > Nervous system > Neuroendocrine system Studies on the neuroendocrine system and HPA axis in fibromyalgia have been inconsistent. One study found fibromyalgia patients exhibited higher plasma cortisol, more extreme peaks and troughs, a... |
HIV vaccine development Future work HIV_vaccine > Future work Scientists are researching novel strategies to develop a non-virulent live attenuated HIV-1 vaccine. For example, a genetically modified form of HIV has been created in which the virus's codons (a sequence of three nucleotides that form genetic code) are man... |
Bone marrow barrier Donation and transplantation Bone_marrow_stroma > Clinical significance > Donation and transplantation The patient's own marrow is first killed off with drugs or radiation, and then the new stem cells are introduced. Before radiation therapy or chemotherapy in cases of cancer, some of the patient's ... |
Tree structure Terminology and properties Tree_structure > Terminology and properties The tree elements are called "nodes". The lines connecting elements are called "branches". Nodes without children are called leaf nodes, "end-nodes", or "leaves". |
Input validation Validation types Validation_rule > Validation types For example, an input box accepting numeric data may reject the letter 'O'.File existence check Checks that a file with a specified name exists. This check is essential for programs that use file handling.Format check Checks that the data is in a spec... |
Lovelock theory of gravity Other contexts Lovelock_theory_of_gravity > Other contexts Because Lovelock action contains, among others, the quadratic Gauss–Bonnet term (i.e. the four-dimensional Euler characteristic extended to D dimensions), it is usually said that Lovelock theory resembles string-theory-inspired models... |
Mathematical equations Differential equations Mathematical_equations > Differential equations In pure mathematics, differential equations are studied from several different perspectives, mostly concerned with their solutions — the set of functions that satisfy the equation. Only the simplest differential equations are ... |
Higher-spin theory Reconstruction Higher-spin_theory > Various approaches to higher-spin theories > Reconstruction The higher-spin AdS/CFT correspondence can be used in the reverse order – one can attempt to build the interaction vertices of the higher-spin theory in such a way that they reproduce the correlation funct... |
Magnetization Summary Magnetization_reversal Magnetization also describes how a material responds to an applied magnetic field as well as the way the material changes the magnetic field, and can be used to calculate the forces that result from those interactions. It can be compared to electric polarization, which is th... |
Bayesian methods Elementary Bayesian_analysis > Further reading > Elementary (2008). Bayesian Methods for Data Analysis, Third Edition. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman and Hall/CRC. |
Charles Kittel Works Charles_Kittel > Works Berkeley Physics Course. Mechanics. Vol. |
Italophilia Modern era Italophilia > Modern era Her methods are in use today in schools throughout the world. Toward the end of the 19th century, mathematicians Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro and Tullio Levi-Civita developed tensor calculus, which provided the mathematical framework for Einstein's General Theory of Relativit... |
Parallel running Examples of parallel running implementation Parallel_running > Examples of parallel running implementation The new system is implemented using parallel running strategy so all accounts and invoices have to be handled both in the new and old systems. If the new system does not function correctly, data f... |
Aerodynamic potential-flow code Summary Aerodynamic_potential-flow_code In fluid dynamics, aerodynamic potential flow codes or panel codes are used to determine the fluid velocity, and subsequently the pressure distribution, on an object. This may be a simple two-dimensional object, such as a circle or wing, or it may ... |
Wallpaper group Symmetries of patterns Plane_group > Symmetries of patterns A symmetry of a pattern is, loosely speaking, a way of transforming the pattern so that it looks exactly the same after the transformation. For example, translational symmetry is present when the pattern can be translated (in other words, shift... |
Random variate Definition Deviate_(statistics) > Definition Devroye defines a random variate generation algorithm (for real numbers) as follows: Assume that Computers can manipulate real numbers. Computers have access to a source of random variates that are uniformly distributed on the closed interval . Then a random v... |
Constructionism (learning theory) Computer programming languages Constructionism_(learning_theory) > Computer programming languages Its creators were Wally Feurzeig, Cynthia Solomon, and Papert. Smalltalk is an object-oriented language that was designed and created at Xerox PARC by a team led by Alan Kay. AgentSheets i... |
Several complex variables Historical perspective Functions_of_several_complex_variables > Historical perspective Many examples of such functions were familiar in nineteenth-century mathematics; abelian functions, theta functions, and some hypergeometric series, and also, as an example of an inverse problem; the Jacobi ... |
Monocistronic mRNA Eukaryotic mRNA turnover Monocistronic_mRNA > Degradation > Eukaryotic mRNA turnover Inside eukaryotic cells, there is a balance between the processes of translation and mRNA decay. Messages that are being actively translated are bound by ribosomes, the eukaryotic initiation factors eIF-4E and eIF-4G... |
Microbial cooperation Quorum sensing Microbial_cooperation > Other microbial interactions > Quorum sensing This important link between quorum sensing and anaerobiosis has a significant impact on production of virulence factors of this organism. It is hoped that the therapeutic enzymatic degradation of the signaling mol... |
Faster-than-light neutrino anomaly The measurement Faster-than-light_neutrino_anomaly > The measurement The neutrinos in the experiment emerged at CERN and flew to the OPERA detector. The researchers divided this distance by the speed of light in vacuum to predict what the neutrino travel time should be. They compared ... |
Computer Program C++ Computer_code > Programming paradigms and languages > Imperative languages > C++ An assigned function is then referred to as a method, member function, or operation. Object-oriented programming is executing operations on objects.Object-oriented languages support a syntax to model subset/superset re... |
Mouse-Ear Cress Non-Mendelian inheritance controversy Thale_cress > Use as a model organism > Genetics > Non-Mendelian inheritance controversy In 2005, scientists at Purdue University proposed that A. thaliana possessed an alternative to previously known mechanisms of DNA repair, producing an unusual pattern of inherit... |
Lechler The 1970s: the start of a systemic model in product formulation and the organisation Lechler > The 1970s: the start of a systemic model in product formulation and the organisation The 1970s marked the beginning of modernisation for Lechler: the management team got renewed with the entry of the sons of the two o... |
Oxidative phosphorylation Chemiosmosis ATP_generation > Chemiosmosis It has two components: a difference in proton concentration (a H+ gradient, ΔpH) and a difference in electric potential, with the N-side having a negative charge.ATP synthase releases this stored energy by completing the circuit and allowing protons t... |
Marginal revenue Definition Marginal_revenue > Definition Marginal revenue is equal to the ratio of the change in revenue for some change in quantity sold to that change in quantity sold. This can be formulated as: M R = Δ T R Δ Q {\displaystyle MR={\frac {\Delta TR}{\Delta Q}}} This can also be represented as a deriva... |
Euclidean traveling salesman problem Pairwise exchange Euclidean_traveling_salesman_problem > Computing a solution > Heuristic and approximation algorithms > Pairwise exchange If we start with an initial solution made with a greedy algorithm, the average number of moves greatly decreases again and is O ( n ) {\displays... |
Metal bondage Materials Metal_bondage > Materials Soft objects such as these can also be used for binding in front of the restrained partner's eyes, temporarily blinding them. "Verbal bondage" is bondage without physical restraint; the subject is simply given orders not to move, or only move in a restrained fashion. Th... |
Lazy tongs Drafting Pantograph > Uses > Drafting The original use of the pantograph was for copying and scaling line drawings. Modern versions are sold as technical toys. |
RNA silencing Background RNA_silencing > Background RNA silencing describes several mechanistically related pathways which are involved in controlling and regulating gene expression. RNA silencing pathways are associated with the regulatory activity of small non-coding RNAs (approximately 20–30 nucleotides in length) t... |
Japanese tea utensils Mizusashi Japanese_tea_utensils > Water containers > Mizusashi A mizusashi (水指) is a lidded container for fresh cold water used by the host in the tea room during ceremonies. The water is mainly used to replenish the water in the kama at the end of certain ceremonies. Mizusashi are generally made ... |
Synthetic colorant Summary Synthetic_dye A colorant is any substance that changes the spectral transmittance or reflectance of a material. Synthetic colorants are those created in a laboratory or industrial setting. The production and improvement of colorants was a driver of the early synthetic chemical industry, in fa... |
Bioethics Medical ethics Biomedical_ethics > Medical ethics Medical ethics is concerned with the duties that doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare providers have to patients, society, and other health professionals. The health profession has a set of ethical standards that are relevant to various organizations of he... |
Conventional undercarriage Advantages Conventional_landing_gear > Advantages The tailwheel configuration offers several advantages over the tricycle landing gear arrangement, which make tailwheel aircraft less expensive to manufacture and maintain. Due to its position much further from the center of gravity, a tailwhee... |
Symmetries in quantum mechanics Gauge theory Symmetries_in_quantum_mechanics > Symmetries in quantum field theory and particle physics > Gauge theory In quantum electrodynamics, the local symmetry group is U(1) and is abelian. In quantum chromodynamics, the local symmetry group is SU(3) and is non-abelian. The electrom... |
Compiler construction History Compiler_back-end > History In many application domains, the idea of using a higher-level language quickly caught on. Because of the expanding functionality supported by newer programming languages and the increasing complexity of computer architectures, compilers became more complex. DARP... |
PDMS (software) Summary PDMS_(software) PDMS (Plant Design Management System) as it is known in the 3D CAD industry, is a customizable, multi-user and multi-discipline, engineer controlled design software package for engineering, design and construction projects in offshore and onshore. The Computer-Aided Design Centre... |
Cross-validation (statistics) Motivation Out_of_sample_testing > Motivation Assume a model with one or more unknown parameters, and a data set to which the model can be fit (the training data set). The fitting process optimizes the model parameters to make the model fit the training data as well as possible. If an inde... |
Caustic Soda Reaction with acidic oxides Caustic_Soda > Properties > Chemical properties > Reaction with acidic oxides Sodium hydroxide also reacts with acidic oxides, such as sulfur dioxide. Such reactions are often used to "scrub" harmful acidic gases (like SO2 and H2S) produced in the burning of coal and thus preven... |
Multi-agent system Summary Multi-agent_system The goal of an ABM is to search for explanatory insight into the collective behavior of agents (which don't necessarily need to be "intelligent") obeying simple rules, typically in natural systems, rather than in solving specific practical or engineering problems. The termi... |
Warfarin sodium Pharmacokinetics Warfarin_sodium > Pharmacology > Pharmacokinetics Warfarin consists of a racemic mixture of two active enantiomers—R- and S- forms—each of which is cleared by different pathways. S-warfarin is two to five times more potent than the R-isomer in producing an anticoagulant response. Both t... |
Dot-decimal notation Texts Dot-decimal_notation > Texts Dot-decimal notation is often used for sections within a large text. This was standardized in ISO 2145. |
C10H18O Summary C10H18O The molecular formula C10H18O (molar mass: 154.25 g/mol) may refer to: Borneol Citronellal Eucalyptol 2-Decenal Fenchol Geraniol Grandisol Lavandulol Linalool Menthone Myrcenol Nerol 2-Pinanol Rose oxide Terpinen-4-ol Terpineol |
Reduced gravity Summary Reduced_gravity Near a black hole, such tidal effects can be very strong, meeting to spaghettification. In the case of the Earth, the effects are minor, especially on objects of relatively small dimensions (such as the human body or a spacecraft) and the overall sensation of weightlessness in th... |
Glossary of industrial automation A Glossary_of_industrial_automation > A analog output channel amplifierAn amplifier attached to one or more analog output channels, that adapts the output signal range of the digital-to-analog converter to the signal level necessary to control the technical process. analog representati... |
Inverse problem Numerical solution of the optimization problem Forward_problem > Linear inverse problems > Mathematical and computational aspects > Numerical solution of the optimization problem The numerical method to be used for solving the optimization problem depends in particular on the cost required for computing... |
Space-time continuum Reference frames Lorentz_interval > Spacetime in special relativity > Reference frames To determine the angle of this tilt, we recall that the slope of the world line of a light pulse is always ±1. Fig. 2-3c presents a spacetime diagram from the viewpoint of observer O′. Event P represents the emis... |
Loop (graph theory) Summary Loop_(graph_theory) In graph theory, a loop (also called a self-loop or a buckle) is an edge that connects a vertex to itself. A simple graph contains no loops. Depending on the context, a graph or a multigraph may be defined so as to either allow or disallow the presence of loops (often in ... |
Adversarial machine learning Carlini & Wagner (C&W) Adversarial_machine_learning > Specific attack types > Adversarial examples > White box attacks > Carlini & Wagner (C&W) In an effort to analyze existing adversarial attacks and defenses, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, Nicholas Carlini and Davi... |
Case study Case selection and structure Case_study > Research designs > Case selection and structure For example, outlier cases (those which are extreme, deviant or atypical) can reveal more information than the potentially representative case. A case may also be chosen because of the inherent interest of the case or t... |
Orthopedic pathology Degenerative Diseases Orthopedic_pathology > Types of Disorders > Degenerative Diseases Degenerative diseases are classified due to their nature of destroying Motor neurons, responsible for the movement of all muscle groups within the body. Common examples of degenerative diseases are Parkinson's d... |
HTML code Attributes HyperText_Markup_Language > Markup > Elements > Attributes For example, an HTML document might semantically use the designation to indicate that all elements with this class value are subordinate to the main text of the document. In presentation, such elements might be gathered together and present... |
Matrix representation of conic sections Axes Matrix_representation_of_conic_sections > Central conics > Axes By the principal axis theorem, the two eigenvectors of the matrix of the quadratic form of a central conic section (ellipse or hyperbola) are perpendicular (orthogonal to each other) and each is parallel to (in ... |
Origin of replication Replicon model Replication_origin > Replicon model Although replicators and origins can be spaced physically apart on chromosomes, they often co-localize or are located in close proximity; for simplicity, we will thus refer to both elements as ‘origins’ throughout this review. Taken together, the ... |
Pipeline burst cache Pipelining mode Pipeline_burst_cache > Principles of operation > Pipelining mode In this mode, one memory value can be accessed in Cache at the same time that another memory value is accessed in DRAM. The pipelining operation suggests that the transfer of data and instructions from or to the cache ... |
PI controller Reciprocal gain, a.k.a. proportional band PD_controller > Alternative nomenclature and forms > Reciprocal gain, a.k.a. proportional band In many cases, the manipulated variable output by the PID controller is a dimensionless fraction between 0 and 100% of some maximum possible value, and the translation i... |
Space-charge limited current In semiconductors Space-charge_limited_current > Space-charge-limited current > In semiconductors In semiconductors and insulating materials, an electric field causes charged particles, electrons, to reach a specific drift velocity that is parallel to the direction of the field. This is dif... |
Ampère's force law Notable derivations of Ampère's force law Ampère's_force_law > Notable derivations of Ampère's force law 309-332 (in French) Alfred O'Rahilly's 1938 derivation: Electromagnetic Theory: A Critical Examination of Fundamentals vol. 1, pp. 102–104 (cf. the following pages, too) |
Galilean equivalence Development of gravitational theory Galilean_equivalence > Development of gravitational theory The direction or vector of acceleration equivalence on the surface of the earth is "up" or directly opposite the center of the planet while the vector of acceleration in a spaceship is directly opposite f... |
Epigenetic inheritance In Humans Transgenerational_epigenetic_inheritance > Examples of TEI > In Humans These maternal risk factors and environmental stressors coupled with transgenerational epigenetic changes can result in prolonged insult to the signaling pathways associated with the vascular development during fetal... |
Hardware stack Compile-time memory management Stack_(abstract_data_type) > Applications of stacks > Compile-time memory management This type of stack is used implicitly by the compiler to support CALL and RETURN statements (or their equivalents) and is not manipulated directly by the programmer. Some programming langua... |
Nested function definition Higher-order functions Nested_function > Purpose > Other uses > Higher-order functions As in most languages functions are valid return types, it is possible to create a nested function that accesses a set of parameters from the outer function, that is a closure, and have that function be the ... |
Cholangiocyte Function Cholangiocyte > Function In the healthy liver, cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via release of bicarbonate and water. Several hormones and locally acting mediators are known to contribute to cholangiocyte fluid/electrolyte secretion. These include secretin, acetylcholine, ATP, and bomb... |
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