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Sextuple bond Theoretical analysis Sextuple_bond > Theoretical analysis Roos et al argue that no stable element can form bonds of higher order than a sextuple bond, because the latter corresponds to a hybrid of the s orbital and all five d orbitals, and f orbitals contract too close to the nucleus to bond in the lantha... |
Flight control Hydro-mechanical Aircraft_flight_control_system > Flight control systems > Hydro-mechanical At first, only-partially boosted systems were used in which the pilot could still feel some of the aerodynamic loads on the control surfaces (feedback).A hydro-mechanical flight control system has two parts: The m... |
Chemical indicator Naturally occurring pH indicators Acid-base_indicator > Naturally occurring pH indicators In acid soils, chemical reactions occur in the soil that make aluminium available to these plants, turning the flowers blue. In alkaline soils, these reactions cannot occur and therefore aluminium is not taken u... |
Eulerian finite strain tensor Derivatives of stretch Green-Lagrange_strain > Fundamental strain tensors > Derivatives of stretch Derivatives of the stretch with respect to the right Cauchy–Green deformation tensor are used to derive the stress-strain relations of many solids, particularly hyperelastic materials. These ... |
KEK digital accelerator Summary KEK_digital_accelerator Sense and response would be the right words to describe the principle behind the digital particle accelerator. Instead of radio-frequency cavities, a digital accelerator ring is equipped with devices called induction accelerating cells. Particles travel around the... |
IR filter IR transmitting/passing filters in photography Infrared_filter > IR transmitting/passing filters in photography Such sensors may extend to 1000 nm. Digital cameras are usually equipped with IR-blocking filters to prevent unnatural-looking images. IR-transmitting (passing) filters, or removal of factory IR-blo... |
Computer Memory Protected memory Off-chip_memory > Management > Protected memory At times programs intentionally alter the memory used by other programs. This is done by viruses and malware to take over computers. It may also be used benignly by desirable programs which are intended to modify other programs, debuggers,... |
Arbitrium Regulation Arbitrium > Regulation The mature protein is transported to neighboring bacteria using the oligopeptide permease (OPP) transporter channel. The OPP transport channel is capable of transporting peptides inside the bacteria cell with no specific size, composition, charge, or sequence. Once inside, th... |
Electronics engineering Specialist areas Electronic_Engineering > Specialist areas For analog signals, signal processing may involve the amplification and filtering of audio signals for audio equipment and the modulation and demodulation of radio frequency signals for telecommunications. For digital signals, signal pro... |
Premature aging Bloom syndrome Progeroid_syndromes > Defects in DNA repair > RecQ-associated PS > Bloom syndrome During this time, the homologous (corresponding) copies are in close physical proximity to each other, allowing them to 'cross' and exchange genetic information, a process called homologous recombination. De... |
Transcription inhibitor Summary Transcription_initiation Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. The segments of DNA transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins are said to produce messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are copied into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (nc... |
Integrity checker Authenticity verification File_verification > Authenticity verification For this purpose, cryptographic hash functions are employed often. As long as the hash sums cannot be tampered with — for example, if they are communicated over a secure channel — the files can be presumed to be intact. Alternativ... |
Nonrival good Non-rivalry Rivalry_(economics) > Non-rivalry In fact, certain types of intellectual property become more valuable as more people consume them (anti-rival). For example, the more people use a particular language, the more valuable that language becomes. Non-rivalry does not imply that the total production... |
Cluster headache History Cluster_headaches > History They had found no relief from the usual methods of treatment. Their pain was so severe that several of them had to be constantly watched for fear of suicide. Most of them were willing to submit to any operation which might bring relief." CH has alternately been calle... |
Scientific field Natural sciences Scientific_discipline > Natural sciences Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation. Mechanisms such as peer review and repeatability of find... |
Related rates Example Related_rates > Example A 10-meter ladder is leaning against the wall of a building, and the base of the ladder is sliding away from the building at a rate of 3 meters per second. How fast is the top of the ladder sliding down the wall when the base of the ladder is 6 meters from the wall? The dis... |
China seismic intensity scale Liedu scale China_seismic_intensity_scale > Liedu scale Unlike the magnitude scales that objectively estimate the released seismic energy, liedu denotes how strongly an earthquake affects a specific place. It is determined by a combination of subjective evaluations (such as human senses an... |
Double fertilization Megagametophyte Double_fertilisation > Related structures and functions > Megagametophyte The megagametophyte, which is usually haploid, originates from the (usually diploid) megaspore mother cell, also called the megasporocyte. The next sequence of events varies, depending on the particular specie... |
Adiabatic heating Conceptual significance in thermodynamic theory Adiabatic_principle > Conceptual significance in thermodynamic theory Rather, the definition of absolute thermodynamic temperature is best left till the second law is available as a conceptual basis.In the eighteenth century, the law of conservation of e... |
Superlubricity Summary Superlubricity In physics (specifically tribology), superlubricity is a regime of motion in which friction vanishes or very nearly vanishes. However, a "vanishing" friction level is not clear, which makes the term vague. As an ad hoc definition, a kinetic coefficient of friction less than 0.01 ca... |
Sweet taste Sweet receptor pathway Sweet_taste > Sweet receptor pathway To depolarize the cell, and ultimately generate a response, the body uses different cells in the taste bud that each express a receptor for the perception of sweet, sour, salty, bitter or umami. Downstream of the taste receptor, the taste cells for... |
Isoperimetric ratio Summary Isoperimetric_ratio In analytic geometry, the isoperimetric ratio of a simple closed curve in the Euclidean plane is the ratio L2/A, where L is the length of the curve and A is its area. It is a dimensionless quantity that is invariant under similarity transformations of the curve. According... |
Crop production Genetic engineering Crop_farming > Crop alteration and biotechnology > Genetic engineering These seeds allow the farmer to grow a crop that can be sprayed with herbicides to control weeds without harming the resistant crop. Herbicide-tolerant crops are used by farmers worldwide. With the increasing use ... |
CH3CH(NH2)COOH Glucose–alanine cycle CH3CH(NH2)COOH > Physiological function > Glucose–alanine cycle The alanine aminotransferase reaction takes place in reverse in the liver, where the regenerated pyruvate is used in gluconeogenesis, forming glucose which returns to the muscles through the circulation system. Glutamat... |
Periodic system Valence and oxidation states Periodic_tables > Periodic trends > Valence and oxidation states The valence of an element can be defined either as the number of hydrogen atoms that can combine with it to form a simple binary hydride, or as twice the number of oxygen atoms that can combine with it to form ... |
God Particle Names used by physicists The_Higgs_Boson > Public discussion > Naming > Names used by physicists Of the PRL papers' authors, only the paper by Higgs explicitly offered as a prediction that a massive particle would exist and calculated some of its properties;: 167 he was therefore "the first to postulate th... |
Aerobatic loop Summary Aerobatic_loop A spin is more complex, involving intentionally stalling a single wing, causing the plane to descend spiraling around its yaw axis in a corkscrew motion. A hammerhead (also known as a stall turn) is performed by pulling the aircraft up until it is pointing straight up (much like th... |
Moroidin Anti-mitotic agent Moroidin > Toxicity > Anti-mitotic agent Moroidin has shown to have anti-mitotic properties, chiefly by inhibiting the polymerization of tubulin. Tubulin protein polymers are the major component of microtubules. During mitosis, microtubules form the organizing structure called the mitotic ap... |
RNA therapeutics Vaccines RNA_therapeutics > mRNA > Applications > Vaccines One of the other ways is injecting a two-component vaccine which is containing an mRNA adjuvant and naked IVT mRNA encoding influenza hemagglutinin antigen only or in combination with neuraminidase encoding IVT mRNA.For example, for the HIV tre... |
Software observability Metrics Software_observability > Telemetry types > Metrics Application developers choose what kind of metrics to instrument their software with before it is released. Examples of common metrics include: number of HTTP requests per second; total number of query failures; database size in bytes; ti... |
Planimeter Polar coordinates Planimeter > Mathematical derivation > Polar coordinates The connection with Green's theorem can be understood in terms of integration in polar coordinates: in polar coordinates, area is computed by the integral ∫ θ 1 2 ( r ( θ ) ) 2 d θ , {\textstyle \int _{\theta }{\tfrac {1}{2}}(r(\theta... |
Concatenative programming language Summary Concatenative_programming_language A concatenative programming language is a point-free computer programming language in which all expressions denote functions, and the juxtaposition of expressions denotes function composition. Concatenative programming replaces function appli... |
Reinforced Concrete Common failure modes of steel reinforced concrete Reinforced_Concrete > Common failure modes of steel reinforced concrete Reinforced concrete can fail due to inadequate strength, leading to mechanical failure, or due to a reduction in its durability. Corrosion and freeze/thaw cycles may damage poorl... |
List of uncertainty propagation software Software List_of_uncertainty_propagation_software > Software It supports: multivariate uncertainties, complex values, correlations, vector, and matrix algebra. metRology package for R metRology is an R package to support metrological applications. Among other functions for metro... |
Page table entry The translation process Page_table > The translation process The memory management unit (MMU) inside the CPU stores a cache of recently used mappings from the operating system's page table. This is called the translation lookaside buffer (TLB), which is an associative cache. When a virtual address need... |
Dummy code Data-parallel Skeleton_(computer_programming) > Parallel programming > Data-parallel To increase efficiency, a number of data sets have this operation applied to them simultaneously, before the data is structured together again at the end. ‘Forks’ are similar to ‘maps’ but they use a different operation for ... |
Hydrogenic atom Schrödinger solution Hydrogenic_atom > Schrödinger solution The Schrödinger equation of atoms or ions with more than one electron has not been solved analytically, because of the computational difficulty imposed by the Coulomb interaction between the electrons. Numerical methods must be applied in order... |
Orthodontic technology Additional benefits Orthodontic_technology > Functional appliances > Additional benefits Tulloch et al. (1998) found that functional appliances reduce the need for orthognathic surgery. The use of functional appliances to correct Class II malocclusion can also have psychological benefits. O’Brien... |
Filter bag Low- to medium-energy scrubbers Dust_collector > Wet scrubbers > Types of scrubbers > Low- to medium-energy scrubbers Wet cyclones use centrifugal force to spin the dust particles (similar to a cyclone), and throw the particulates upon the collector's wetted walls. Water introduced from the top to wet the cy... |
Ramer–Douglas–Peucker algorithm Algorithm Ramer–Douglas–Peucker_algorithm > Algorithm The starting curve is an ordered set of points or lines and the distance dimension ε > 0. The algorithm recursively divides the line. Initially it is given all the points between the first and last point. It automatically marks the fi... |
Direct Rendering Manager Software architecture Kernel_Mode_Setting > Software architecture Each GPU detected by DRM is referred to as a DRM device, and a device file /dev/dri/cardX (where X is a sequential number) is created to interface with it. User-space programs that want to talk to the GPU must open this file and ... |
Otto Heinrich Warburg Cancer hypothesis Otto_Heinrich_Warburg > Cancer hypothesis Warburg hypothesized that cancer growth is caused by tumor cells generating energy (as, e.g., adenosine triphosphate/ATP) mainly by anaerobic breakdown of glucose (known as fermentation, or anaerobic respiration). This is in contrast to h... |
CLMUL instruction set CPUs with CLMUL instruction set CLMUL_instruction_set > CPUs with CLMUL instruction set Intel Westmere processor (March 2010). Sandy Bridge processor Ivy Bridge processor Haswell processor Broadwell processor (with increased throughput and lower latency) Skylake (and later) processor Goldmont proc... |
Neurogenesis Epigenetic modification Neurogenesis > Neurogenesis in mammals > Developmental neurogenesis > Epigenetic modification Epigenetic modifications include DNA cytosine methylation to form 5-methylcytosine and 5-methylcytosine demethylation. These modifications are critical for cell fate determination in the de... |
Lambek calculus Relation to context-free grammars Lambek_calculus > Lambek calculus > Relation to context-free grammars It is necessary to verify that the extra inference rules do not change the generated language. This can be done and shows that every context-free language is generated by some Lambek grammar. To show ... |
Elimination (pharmacology) Summary Elimination_(pharmacology) As the acid is ionised, it cannot pass through the plasma membrane back into the blood stream and instead gets excreted with the urine. Acidifying the urine has the same effect for weakly basic drugs. On other occasions drugs combine with bile juices and ent... |
Key management system Inventory Key_management_system > Inventory Some other considerations: Regulations and requirements, like PCI-DSS, demand stringent security and management of cryptographic keys and auditors are increasingly reviewing the management controls and processes in use. Private keys used with certificate... |
Manning's equation Hydraulic radius Manning_equation > Hydraulic radius The hydraulic radius is not half the hydraulic diameter as the name may suggest, but one quarter in the case of a full pipe. It is a function of the shape of the pipe, channel, or river in which the water is flowing. Hydraulic radius is also import... |
Androgen antagonist Insulin sensitizers Androgen_antagonist > Mechanism of action > Miscellaneous > Insulin sensitizers In women with insulin resistance, such as those with polycystic ovary syndrome, androgen levels are often elevated. Metformin, an insulin-sensitizing medication, has indirect antiandrogenic effects in... |
Matrix determinant lemma Application Matrix_determinant_lemma > Application If the determinant and inverse of A are already known, the formula provides a numerically cheap way to compute the determinant of A corrected by the matrix uvT. The computation is relatively cheap because the determinant of A + uvT does not hav... |
SnRNP Summary SnRNP snRNPs (pronounced "snurps"), or small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, are RNA-protein complexes that combine with unmodified pre-mRNA and various other proteins to form a spliceosome, a large RNA-protein molecular complex upon which splicing of pre-mRNA occurs. The action of snRNPs is essential to the ... |
Outline of electronics Summary Outline_of_electronics The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to electronics: Electronics – branch of physics, engineering and technology dealing with electrical circuits that involve active semiconductor components and associated passive interconnection tec... |
Cyclical theory Schlesinger's liberal-conservative cycle Cyclical_theory > Schlesinger's liberal-conservative cycle This process then repeats, causing cycles. Arthur Schlesinger Jr. |
Data Presentation Architecture Terminology Data_presentation > Terminology Continuous variables capture the idea that measurements can always be made more precisely. While discrete variables have only a finite number of possibilities, such as a count of some outcomes or an age measured in whole years.The distinction be... |
Kaṇāda (philosopher) The concept of paramanu (atom) Kaṇāda_(philosopher) > Ideas > The concept of paramanu (atom) Each substance is supposed to consist of all four kinds of atoms. Kaṇāda's conception of the atom was likely independent from the similar concept among the ancient Greeks, because of the differences between... |
Ubiquitin Polyubiquitin chains Ubiquitin > Ubiquitylation > Types > Polyubiquitin chains Multi-ubiquitin chains at least four ubiquitin molecules long must be attached to a lysine residue on the condemned protein in order for it to be recognised by the 26S proteasome. This is a barrel-shape structure comprising a centr... |
MAX-3SAT Theorem 1 (inapproximability) MAX-3SAT > Theorem 1 (inapproximability) The PCP theorem implies that there exists an ε > 0 such that (1-ε)-approximation of MAX-3SAT is NP-hard. Proof: Any NP-complete problem L ∈ P C P ( O ( log ( n ) ) , O ( 1 ) ) {\displaystyle L\in {\mathsf {PCP}}(O(\log(n)),O(1))} by the P... |
Rotational diffusion Relation to translational diffusion Rotational_diffusion > Relation to translational diffusion Much like translational diffusion in which particles in one area of high concentration slowly spread position through random walks until they are near-equally distributed over the entire space, in rotatio... |
Is functions Summary Is_functions The Is functions (also known as data information functions, data inspection functions, or data-testing functions) are a set of functions in Microsoft's Visual Basic 6, Visual Basic for Applications, VBScript, and Visual Basic .NET. Several of them are also provided in Transact-SQL by t... |
Expression proteomics Bioinformatics for proteomics (proteome informatics) Call-map_proteomics > Bioinformatics for proteomics (proteome informatics) Much proteomics data is collected with the help of high throughput technologies such as mass spectrometry and microarray. It would often take weeks or months to analyze t... |
Apoptosis Pathway knock-outs Apoptotic_pathway > Pathway knock-outs Many knock-outs have been made in the apoptosis pathways to test the function of each of the proteins. Several caspases, in addition to APAF1 and FADD, have been mutated to determine the new phenotype. In order to create a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) k... |
SR protein Splicing SR_protein > Function > Splicing Some evidence suggests that selection of the mRNA splicing variant depends upon the relative ratios of SR proteins. SR proteins appear to be redundant. |
Bogoliubov transformation Applications Bogoliubov_transformation > Single bosonic mode example > Applications The most prominent application is by Nikolai Bogoliubov himself in the context of superfluidity. Other applications comprise Hamiltonians and excitations in the theory of antiferromagnetism. When calculating qu... |
Idealized greenhouse model Additional bibliography Idealized_greenhouse_model > Additional bibliography ISBN 978-3-527-40503-9. Petty, Grant W. (2006). |
Real time locating Errors and accuracy Real-time_locating_system > Errors and accuracy False locationThe measured location may appear entirely faulty. This is a generally result of simple operational models to compensate for the plurality of error sources. |
Peer group Summary Peer_group In sociology, a peer group is both a social group and a primary group of people who have similar interests (homophily), age, background, or social status. The members of this group are likely to influence the person's beliefs and behaviour.During adolescence, peer groups tend to face drama... |
Object-capability model Glossary of related terms Object-capability_model > Glossary of related terms object-capability system A computational system that implements principles described in this article. object An object has local state and behavior. An object in this sense is both a subject and an object in the sense ... |
Isotopomer 13C-NMR Isotopomer > Use > 13C-NMR Nearly all of the carbon in normal samples of carbon-based chemicals is 12C, with only about 1% abundance of 13C, so there is only about a 1% abundance of the total of the singly-substituted isotopologues, and exponentially smaller amounts of structures having two or more 1... |
Communicative Constitution of Organizations Activity coordination Communicative_Constitution_of_Organizations > McPhee & Zaug's Four Flows > Activity coordination Activity coordination is a result of the fact that organizations inherently have at least one purpose to which the members' activity is contributing. Often a... |
Validation set Summary Validation_set In particular, three data sets are commonly used in different stages of the creation of the model: training, validation, and test sets. The model is initially fit on a training data set, which is a set of examples used to fit the parameters (e.g. weights of connections between neur... |
Ohm's Law History Ohms_Law > History Also, Ohm's brother Martin, a mathematician, was battling the German educational system. These factors hindered the acceptance of Ohm's work, and his work did not become widely accepted until the 1840s. However, Ohm received recognition for his contributions to science well before h... |
Tilting trike Terminology Tilting_trike > Terminology Tilting vehicles may exhibit nearly any combination of the above behaviors, due to any combination of their geometry, mass distribution, suspension characteristics, rider input, or some other active control system. active, passive, and free usually refer to how the ... |
Domain theory Motivation and intuition Domain_theory > Motivation and intuition The important step to finding a model for the lambda calculus is to consider only those functions (on such a partially ordered set) that are guaranteed to have least fixed points. The set of these functions, together with an appropriate ord... |
Non-random segregation of chromosomes Rodents Non-random_segregation_of_chromosomes > Single chromosomes or chromosome pairs > Rodents During meiosis, this mutated chromosome (X*) enters the egg nucleus more frequently than the Y chromosome and is therefore more likely to be transmitted to the offspring. A second examp... |
Income inequality metrics Summary Income_inequality_metrics Income inequality metrics or income distribution metrics are used by social scientists to measure the distribution of income and economic inequality among the participants in a particular economy, such as that of a specific country or of the world in general. ... |
Kalina cycle Summary Kalina_cycle The Kalina cycle, developed by Alexander Kalina, is a thermodynamic process for converting thermal energy into usable mechanical power. It uses a solution of 2 fluids with different boiling points for its working fluid. Since the solution boils over a range of temperatures as in distil... |
Morphogenesis Cellular basis Nanos_gene > Cellular basis Cell "sorting out" consists of cells moving so as to sort into clusters that maximize contact between cells of the same type. The ability of cells to do this has been proposed to arise from differential cell adhesion by Malcolm Steinberg through his differential ... |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex 3D structures Pyruvate_dehydrogenase_complex > External links > 3D structures 16 (1): 104–114. doi:10.1016/j.str.2007.10.024. ISSN 0969-2126. PMC 4807695. PMID 18184588., human full-length and truncated E2 (tE2) cores of PDC, expressed in E. coli |
Current densities Total current in materials Electric_current_density > Calculation of current densities in matter > Total current in materials The total current is simply the sum of the free and bound currents: |
Resonance Raman spectroscopy Theory Resonance_Raman_spectroscopy > Theory Resonance Raman spectroscopy takes advantage of an increase in the intensity of Raman scattering when the incident photons match the energy of an electronic transition. If the energy of the photon striking the sample is equal or close to that of ... |
Molar mass constant Summary Molar_mass_constant The molar mass constant, usually denoted by Mu, is a physical constant defined as one twelfth of the molar mass of carbon-12: Mu = M(12C)/12. The molar mass of any element or compound is its relative atomic mass (atomic weight) multiplied by the molar mass constant. The m... |
Loudspeaker Efficiency vs. sensitivity Passive_speakers_(audio) > Specifications > Efficiency vs. sensitivity Driver ratings based on the SPL for a given input are called sensitivity ratings and are notionally similar to efficiency. Sensitivity is usually defined as so many decibels at 1 W electrical input, measured at... |
Ionic bonds Formation Ionic_interaction > Formation In general, the reaction is exothermic, but, e.g., the formation of mercuric oxide (HgO) is endothermic. The charge of the resulting ions is a major factor in the strength of ionic bonding, e.g. a salt C+A− is held together by electrostatic forces roughly four times w... |
Designer babies CRISPR/Cas9 Designer_baby > Human germline engineering > CRISPR/Cas9 The CRISPR/Cas9 system (CRISPR – Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, Cas9 – CRISPR-associated protein 9) is a genome editing technology based on the bacterial antiviral CRISPR/Cas system. The bacterial system has... |
Geometric rigidity The rigidity matrix as a linear transformation Geometric_rigidity > The rigidity matrix as a linear transformation The information in this section can be found in. The rigidity matrix can be viewed as a linear transformation from R d | V | {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{d|V|}} to R | E | {\displaystyle... |
Water clock India Water_clock > Regional development > India At Nalanda, a Buddhist university, four hour intervals were measured by a water clock, which consisted of a similar copper bowl holding two large floats in a larger bowl filled with water. The bowl was filled with water from a small hole at its bottom; it san... |
Complex Adaptive System Overview Complex_Adaptive_System > Overview CAS can be hierarchical, but more often exhibit aspects of "self-organization".The term complex adaptive system was coined in 1968 by sociologist Walter F. Buckley who proposed a model of cultural evolution which regards psychological and socio-cultura... |
Bohlen–Pierce scale Timbre and the tritave Bohlen-Pierce_scale > Timbre and the tritave 3:1 serves as the fundamental harmonic ratio, replacing the diatonic scale's 2:1 (the octave). () This interval is a perfect twelfth in diatonic nomenclature (perfect fifth when reduced by an octave), but as this terminology is base... |
Experimental confirmation Hypothesis Scientific_studies > Overview > Process > Hypothesis A hypothesis is a conjecture, based on knowledge obtained while formulating the question, that may explain any given behavior. The hypothesis might be very specific; for example, Einstein's equivalence principle or Francis Crick's... |
NetBeans NetBeans Profiler NetBeans > Integrated modules > NetBeans Profiler One of those techniques is dynamic bytecode instrumentation, which is particularly useful for profiling large Java applications. Using dynamic bytecode instrumentation and additional algorithms, the NetBeans Profiler is able to obtain runtime ... |
GQL Graph Query Language Querying with visual path patterns Graph_Query_Language > Extending existing graph query languages > Cypher > Querying with visual path patterns Queries are therefore able to first project a sub-graph of the graph input into the query, and then extract the data values associated with that subgr... |
Martinus Beijerinck Scientific career Martinus_Beijerinck > Life > Scientific career Bacteria perform nitrogen fixation, dwelling inside root nodules of certain plants (legumes). In addition to having discovered a biochemical reaction vital to soil fertility and agriculture, Beijerinck revealed this archetypical exampl... |
Memory disorder Parkinson's disease Memory_disorder > In alphabetical order > Parkinson's disease Specific parkinsonian symptoms, bradykinesia and rigidity, have been shown to be associated with decline of cognitive function. The underlying neuropathological disturbance in PD involves selective deterioration of subcort... |
Communication theory Information Theory Communication_theory > Communication Theory by Perspective/Subdiscipline > Information Theory Alan Turing in 1940 used similar ideas as part of the statistical analysis of the breaking of the German second world war Enigma ciphers. The main landmark event that opened the way to t... |
Mertens-stable equilibrium Summary Mertens-stable_equilibria This solution concept is now called Mertens stability, or just stability. Like other refinements of Nash equilibrium used in game theory stability selects subsets of the set of Nash equilibria that have desirable properties. Stability invokes stronger criteri... |
Shelving buffer Summary Shelving_buffer A shelving buffer is a technique used in computer processors to increase the efficiency of superscalar processors. It allows for multiple instructions to be dispatched at once regardless of the data dependencies between those instructions. This allows for out-of-order execution t... |
Foster's reactance theorem Summary Foster's_reactance_theorem The theorem can be extended to admittances and the encompassing concept of immittances. A consequence of Foster's theorem is that zeros and poles of the reactance must alternate with frequency. Foster used this property to develop two canonical forms for rea... |
Adaptive noise cancelling Applications Adaptive_noise_cancelling > Applications The extraction of the remnant recipient pacemaker signal from a heart transplant animal from an ECG which also included the stronger ECG signal of the donor heart. (see proof of concept above) Similarly fetal electrocardiograms are received... |
Comfort cab Safety Comfort_cab > Features > Safety The modern comfort cab design is usually built with a specially reinforced nose. Instead of sheet metal, ⅜-inch-thick steel is employed with additional reinforcement behind the armor. As a moving locomotive cannot maneuver to avoid collisions and frequently cannot stop... |
Polyelectrolyte adsorption Poor solvent Polyelectrolyte_adsorption > Effects of contents and quality of the solution > Poor solvent In a poor solvent, the solvent molecules interact poorly or unfavorably with the charged portions of the polyelectrolyte. The inability of the solvent to effectively screen the charges bet... |
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