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Imaginary value Summary Imaginary_value An imaginary number is a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit i, which is defined by its property i2 = −1. The square of an imaginary number bi is −b2. For example, 5i is an imaginary number, and its square is −25. By definition, zero is considered to be both real and ima... |
Language construct Summary Language_construct In computer programming, a language construct is a syntactically allowable part of a program that may be formed from one or more lexical tokens in accordance with the rules of the programming language. The term "language construct" is often used as a synonym for control str... |
Henry's law Effective Henry's law constants Heff Bunsen_solubility_coefficient > Effective Henry's law constants Heff {\displaystyle H_{\rm {s,eff}}={\frac {c_{{\ce {tot}}}}{p\left({\ce {H2CO}}\right)}}={\frac {c\left({\ce {H2CO}}\right)+c\left({\ce {H2C(OH)2}}\right)}{p\left({\ce {H2CO}}\right)}}.} For acids and bases... |
Tempering (metallurgy) Normalized steel Tempered_steel > Carbon steel > Normalized steel Tempering provides a way to carefully decrease the hardness of the steel, thereby increasing the toughness to a more desirable point. Cast steel is often normalized rather than annealed, to decrease the amount of distortion that ca... |
Force Concept Inventory Summary Force_Concept_Inventory During the collision: the truck exerts a greater amount of force on the car than the car exerts on the truck. the car exerts a greater amount of force on the truck than the truck exerts on the car. neither exerts a force on the other, the car gets smashed simply b... |
Maternal effects High fat diets during gestation correlated with metabolic syndrome Maternal_effect > Maternal diet and environment epigenetically influences susceptibility for adult diseases > High fat diets during gestation correlated with metabolic syndrome Therefore, there was less adiponectin to help cells take up... |
Canonical angular momentum Newton's derivation Introduction_to_angular_momentum > History > The Law of Areas > Newton's derivation As a planet orbits the Sun, the line between the Sun and the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. This had been known since Kepler expounded his second law of planetary... |
Scaling and root planing After scaling Full_mouth_ultrasonic_debridement > Periodontal intervention > After scaling This allows the medication to seep into the tissues and destroy bacteria that may be living within the gingiva, providing even further disinfection and facilitation of healing. Certain site specific antib... |
Tide-predicting machine Principle Tide-predicting_machine > Principle Thomson conceived his aim as to construct a mechanism that would evaluate this trigonometrical sum physically, e.g. as the vertical position of a pen that could then plot a curve on a moving band of paper. There were several mechanisms available to h... |
Molecular Operating Environment Future Implications Molecular_Operating_Environment > Future Implications Computational/theoretical chemistry and biology methods are continuously pushing the horizon. Recently, DeepMind, which is a company specializing in the development of artificial intelligence (AI), created an AI sy... |
End group NMR spectroscopy End_group > Analysis of polymers using end groups > NMR spectroscopy The advantage of NMR for end groups is that it allows for not only the identification of the end group units, but also allows for the quantification of the number-average length of the polymer. End-group analysis with NMR re... |
Non-shivering thermogenesis In avians and eutherians Non-shivering_thermogenesis > Evolutionary history > In avians and eutherians The reason that both avians and eutherians both developed the capacity to perform thermogenesis is a subject of ongoing study by evolutionary biologists, and two competing explanations have... |
Jacob Bernoulli Important works Jacob_Bernoulli > Important works Jacob Bernoulli also discovered a general method to determine evolutes of a curve as the envelope of its circles of curvature. He also investigated caustic curves and in particular he studied these associated curves of the parabola, the logarithmic spira... |
Giorgi Japaridze Research Giorgi_Japaridze > Research In "On the system CL12 of computability logic", on the platform of computability logic, Japaridze generalized the traditional concepts of time and space complexities to interactive computations, and introduced a third sort of a complexity measure for such computatio... |
Bamberger rearrangement Reaction mechanism Bamberger_rearrangement > Reaction mechanism The mechanism of the Bamberger rearrangement proceeds from the monoprotonation of N-phenylhydroxylamine 1. N-protonation 2 is favored, but unproductive. O-protonation 3 can form the nitrenium ion 4, which can react with nucleophiles... |
History of speciation Darwin's dilemmas History_of_speciation > Early history > Darwin's dilemmas Chapter 6 of Darwin's book is entitled "Difficulties of the Theory." In discussing these "difficulties" he noted "Firstly, why, if species have descended from other species by insensibly fine gradations, do we not everywhe... |
Symmetry (geometry) Reflectional symmetry Symmetry_(geometry) > Reflectional symmetry Reflectional symmetry, linear symmetry, mirror symmetry, mirror-image symmetry, or bilateral symmetry is symmetry with respect to reflection.In one dimension, there is a point of symmetry about which reflection takes place; in two dim... |
Control Theory Control specification Control_strategy > Topics in control theory > Control specification These include the rise time (the time needed by the control system to reach the desired value after a perturbation), peak overshoot (the highest value reached by the response before reaching the desired value) and o... |
Educational research Mixed methods (Pragmatic) Discipline-based_education_research > Methodology > Mixed methods (Pragmatic) There also exists a new school of thought that these derivatives of the scientific method are far too reductionist in nature. Since educational research includes other disciplines such as psychol... |
Efaproxiral Summary Efaproxiral Efaproxiral (INN) is an analogue of the cholesterol drug bezafibrate developed for the treatment of depression, traumatic brain injury, ischemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes, hypoxia, sickle cell disease, hypercholesterolemia and as a radio sensitiser.The chemical is a deriva... |
Size effect on structural strength Type 1: Structures that fail at crack initiation Size_effect > Energetic Size Effect > Type 1: Structures that fail at crack initiation This condition is satisfied by the generalized energetic-statistical size effect law: where r , m {\displaystyle r,m} are empirical constants ( r n d... |
Gene co-expression network Co-expression measure Gene_co-expression_network > Constructing gene co-expression networks > Co-expression measure Moreover, Pearson correlation assumes that the gene expression data follow a normal distribution. Song et al. have suggested biweight midcorrelation (bicor) as a good alternativ... |
Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Summary Ozone_Mapping_and_Profiler_Suite Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS), is a suite of instruments built by Ball Aerospace that measure the global distribution of ozone and, less frequently, how it is distributed vertically within the stratosphere. The suite flies on the Suomi ... |
Flag and pennant patterns Flag pattern Flag_and_pennant_patterns > Flag pattern The flag pattern is encompassed by two parallel lines. These lines can be either flat or pointed in the opposite direction of the primary market trend. The pole is formed by a line which represents the primary trend in the market. The patte... |
Timeline of scientific computing 19th century Timeline_of_scientific_computing > Before modern computers > 19th century It is considered the first algorithm ever specifically tailored for implementation on a computer, and thus the first-ever computer programme. The engine was never completed, however, so her code was n... |
Germline mutation Cancer Germinal_mutation > Clinical implications > Cancer Mutations in tumour suppressor genes or proto-oncogenes can predispose an individual to developing tumours. It is estimated that inherited genetic mutations are involved in 5-10% of cancers. These mutations make a person susceptible to tumour d... |
CMOS Sensor Design variants Active-pixel_sensor > Design variants Pixel size can be traded for desirable qualities such as noise reduction or reduced image lag. Noise is a measure of the accuracy with which the incident light can be measured. Lag occurs when traces of a previous frame remain in future frames, i.e. the ... |
Arcadia (play) Contextual information Arcadia_(play) > Contextual information "Entropy is the measure of the randomness or disorder of a system. The law of increase of entropy states that as a whole, the universe is evolving from order to disorder. This relates to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that hea... |
Tension-type headache Chronic Tension-type_headache > Treatment > Medications > Chronic Classes of medications involved in treatment of CTTH include tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), SSRIs, benzodiazepine (Clonazepam in small evening dose), and muscle relaxants. The most commonly utilized TCA is amitriptyline due to th... |
Double slit experiment Overview Double-slit_interference > Overview When Thomas Young (1773–1829) first demonstrated this phenomenon, it indicated that light consists of waves, as the distribution of brightness can be explained by the alternately additive and subtractive interference of wavefronts. Young's experiment, ... |
Glossary of genetics (M–Z) T Glossary_of_genetics_(M–Z) > T For example, a DNA-binding protein acts "in trans" if it binds to or interacts with a sequence located on any strand or molecule different from the one on which it is encoded. Contrast cis-acting. trans-splicing transcribed spacer A spacer sequence that is tra... |
T helper cell Hypersensitivity CD4(+)_T_cell > Role in disease > Hypersensitivity Cellular auto-immune disease occurs because the host antigen recognition systems fail, and the immune system believes, by mistake, that a host antigen is foreign. As a result, the CD8+ T cells treat the host cell presenting that antigen a... |
Perron–Frobenius theorem Lemma Primitive_matrix > Proof methods > Perron root is strictly maximal eigenvalue for positive (and primitive) matrices > Lemma Given a non-negative A, assume there exists m, such that Am is positive, then Am+1, Am+2, Am+3,... are all positive. Am+1 = AAm, so it can have zero element only if ... |
Causa sui Summary Causa_sui Causa sui (pronounced ; transl. cause of itself, self-caused) is a Latin term that denotes something that is generated within itself. Used in relation to the purpose that objects can assign to themselves, the concept was central to the works of Baruch Spinoza, Sigmund Freud, Jean-Paul Sartre... |
Social architecture Summary Social_architecture Social architecture is the conscious design of an environment that encourages a desired range of social behaviors leading towards some goal or set of goals. The environment social architecture influences may be social systems, or digital spaces such as media tools (someti... |
Protein Structure Summary Protein_Structure By physical size, proteins are classified as nanoparticles, between 1–100 nm. Very large protein complexes can be formed from protein subunits. For example, many thousands of actin molecules assemble into a microfilament. A protein usually undergoes reversible structural chan... |
DNS management software Background DNS_management_software > Background During the late 1990s, the sheer quantity of DNS data was overwhelming the tools available to manage it. The cost of managing the data instigated the birth of DNS management software. The costs can best be explained by illustration. |
NCBI Epigenomics Summary NCBI_Epigenomics The Epigenomics database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information was a database for whole-genome epigenetics data sets. It was retired on 1 June 2016. |
DNA oxidation Increased 8-oxo-dG in carcinogenesis and disease DNA_oxidation > Increased 8-oxo-dG in carcinogenesis and disease Deoxycholate increases intracellular production of reactive oxygen resulting in increased oxidative stress, and this may contribute to tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis. Of 22 mice fed the diet... |
Common Source Data Base Summary Common_Source_Data_Base A Common Source Data Base (CSDB) is to provide the user (mainly technical authors, illustrators and publication managers) with automated processes to handle the complete palette of CSDB objects. Technical documentation is used in many areas of the everyday life. P... |
Diffusion rate Onsager's equations for multicomponent diffusion and thermodiffusion Diffusion_rate > Basic models of diffusion > Onsager's equations for multicomponent diffusion and thermodiffusion The matrix of the kinetic coefficients L i j {\displaystyle L_{ij}} should be symmetric (Onsager reciprocal relations) and... |
Semi-infinite In ordered structures and Euclidean spaces Semi-infinite > In ordered structures and Euclidean spaces For instance, one might study solutions of the heat equation in an idealised semi-infinite metal bar. A semi-infinite integral is an improper integral over a semi-infinite interval. More generally, object... |
Quick Sort Optimizations Quick_Sort > Algorithm > Implementation issues > Optimizations Stopping the recursion early leaves the array k-sorted, meaning that each element is at most k positions away from its final sorted position. In this case, insertion sort takes O(kn) time to finish the sort, which is linear if k is ... |
Lithium naphthalene Redox Lithium_naphthalene > Reactions > Redox With a reduction potential near −2.5 V versus the normal hydrogen electrode, the naphthalene radical anion is a strong reducing agent. |
G2-M DNA damage checkpoint Pathway response to DNA damage G2/M_checkpoint > Pathway response to DNA damage These pathways also stimulate the tumor suppressor p53. p53 regulates the function of the Cdk2 inhibitor p21 and the 14-3-3 proteins that phosphorylate (and thereby inactivate) and sequester Cdc25 in the cytoplasm... |
Quantum Bayesianism Other uses of Bayesian probability in quantum physics Quantum_Bayesian > Relation to other interpretations > Other uses of Bayesian probability in quantum physics QBism should be distinguished from other applications of Bayesian inference in quantum physics, and from quantum analogues of Bayesian in... |
Feature space vector Summary Features_(pattern_recognition) In machine learning and pattern recognition, a feature is an individual measurable property or characteristic of a phenomenon. Choosing informative, discriminating and independent features is a crucial element of effective algorithms in pattern recognition, cl... |
Bitmap Index Summary Bitmap_Index A bitmap index is a special kind of database index that uses bitmaps. Bitmap indexes have traditionally been considered to work well for low-cardinality columns, which have a modest number of distinct values, either absolutely, or relative to the number of records that contain the data... |
Particle physics and representation theory Approximate symmetries Particle_physics_and_representation_theory > Approximate symmetries Although the above symmetries are believed to be exact, other symmetries are only approximate. |
Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation Edition history and reception Introduction_to_Automata_Theory,_Languages,_and_Computation > Edition history and reception Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation (3rd ed.). Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-321-45536-3. |
Learning Operant conditioning Learning > Types > Associative learning > Operant conditioning Operant conditioning is a way in which behavior can be shaped or modified according to the desires of the trainer or head individual. Operant conditioning uses the thought that living things seek pleasure and avoid pain, and th... |
Integration by reduction formulae How to compute the integral Integration_by_reduction_formulae > How to compute the integral To compute the integral, we set n to its value and use the reduction formula to express it in terms of the (n – 1) or (n – 2) integral. The lower index integral can be used to calculate the high... |
Infinite scroll Implementation Scrolling > Computing > Implementation Scrolling is often carried out on a computer by the CPU (software scrolling) or by a graphics processor. Some systems feature hardware scrolling, where an image may be offset as it is displayed, without any frame buffer manipulation (see also hardwar... |
Transition metal isocyanide complexes Scope of isocyanide ligands Transition_metal_isocyanide_complexes > Scope of isocyanide ligands Several thousand isocyanides are known, but the coordination chemistry is dominated by a few ligands. Common isonitrile ligands are methyl isocyanide, tert-butyl isocyanide, phenyl isocy... |
Periodic boundary conditions Summary Periodic_boundary_condition . , x n ) , {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial ^{m}}{\partial x_{2}^{m}}}\phi (x_{1},a_{2},...,x_{n})={\frac {\partial ^{m}}{\partial x_{2}^{m}}}\phi (x_{1},b_{2},...,x_{n}),} . . |
Multivariate adaptive regression splines Generalized cross validation Multivariate_adaptive_regression_splines > The model building process > The backward pass > Generalized cross validation We penalize flexibility because models that are too flexible will model the specific realization of noise in the data instead of ... |
Heliotrope (building) Water usage and natural waste management Heliotrope_(building) > Water usage and natural waste management In order to limit water usage, a gray water circuit (for washing dishes and clothes) is used.Wastewater is purified in a vegetated cascade pond outside the edifice and it also collects rainwat... |
Design for Six Sigma Similarities with other methods Design_for_Six_Sigma > Similarities with other methods Arguments about what makes DFSS different from Six Sigma demonstrate the similarities between DFSS and other established engineering practices such as probabilistic design and design for quality. In general Six S... |
Kidney transplantation Kidney-pancreas transplant Renal_transplantation > Kidney-pancreas transplant The cells are then injected through a catheter into the recipient and they generally lodge in the liver. The recipient still needs to take immunosuppressants to avoid rejection, but no surgery is required. Most people n... |
Wetterich equation Applications Wetterich_equation > Applications The method was applied to numerous problems in physics, e.g.: In statistical field theory, FRG provided a unified picture of phase transitions in classical linear O ( N ) {\displaystyle O(N)} -symmetric scalar theories in different dimensions d {\display... |
Data deduplication Drawbacks and concerns Data_deduplication > Drawbacks and concerns One method for deduplicating data relies on the use of cryptographic hash functions to identify duplicate segments of data. If two different pieces of information generate the same hash value, this is known as a collision. The probabi... |
Protein precipitation Energetics involved in salting out Protein_precipitation > Methods > Salting out > Energetics involved in salting out Salting out is a spontaneous process when the right concentration of the salt is reached in solution. The hydrophobic patches on the protein surface generate highly ordered water s... |
Congestion collapse TCP/IP congestion avoidance Congestion_collapse > Mitigation > TCP/IP congestion avoidance The TCP congestion avoidance algorithm is the primary basis for congestion control on the Internet.Problems occur when concurrent TCP flows experience tail-drops, especially when bufferbloat is present. This d... |
Infinite game Determinacy from elementary considerations Determinacy > Determinacy from elementary considerations If player I cannot do this, then it means player II had a winning strategy from the beginning. On the other hand, if player I can play in this way, then I must win, because the game will be over after some ... |
Mechanical advantage device Pulleys Mechanical_advantage_device > Pulleys Consider a pulley attached to a weight being lifted. A rope passes around it, with one end attached to a fixed point above, e.g. a barn roof rafter, and a pulling force is applied upward to the other end with the two lengths parallel. |
Item tree analysis Summary Item_tree_analysis Other typical examples are questionnaires where the items are statements to which subjects can agree (1) or disagree (0). Depending on the content of the items it is possible that the response of a subject to an item j determines her or his responses to other items. It is, ... |
Bold hypothesis Brief explanation Bold_hypothesis > Brief explanation " In Popper's philosophy of science, scientific statements are always provisional, they have limits of application, and they could always be wrong. If a statement cannot even in principle be proved wrong, it cannot be a scientific statement. |
Eddy saturation and eddy compensation Formation of eddies and overturning response Eddy_saturation_and_eddy_compensation > Formation of eddies and overturning response Dynamics in the Southern Ocean are dominated by two cells with opposing rotation, each is forced by surface buoyancy fluxes. Via isopycnals, tracers are... |
Algorithm selection Boolean satisfiability problem (and other hard combinatorial problems) Algorithm_selection > Examples > Boolean satisfiability problem (and other hard combinatorial problems) A well-known application of algorithm selection is the Boolean satisfiability problem. Here, the portfolio of algorithms is a... |
Sedimentary basin Mechanics of formation Sedimentary_basins > Mechanics of formation Sedimentary basins form as a result of regional subsidence of the lithosphere, mostly as a result of a few geodynamic processes. |
Viral meningitis Signs and symptoms Viral_meningitis > Signs and symptoms Viral meningitis characteristically presents with fever, headache and neck stiffness. Fever is the result of cytokines released that affect the thermoregulatory (temperature control) neurons of the hypothalamus. Cytokines and increased intracrani... |
Symmetry of diatomic molecules Rotational spectrum Symmetry_of_diatomic_molecules > Observable consequences > Rotational spectrum In the electric dipole approximation the transition amplitude for emission or absorption of radiation can be shown to be proportional to the vibronic matrix element of the component of the e... |
Glossary of areas of mathematics E Glossary_of_areas_of_mathematics > E Experimental mathematics an approach to mathematics in which computation is used to investigate mathematical objects and identify properties and patterns. Exterior algebra Exterior calculus Extraordinary cohomology theory Extremal combinatorics a b... |
Chelsea Bridge Design and construction Chelsea_Bridge > New Chelsea Bridge > Design and construction The horizontal stresses are absorbed by stiffening girders in the deck itself and the suspension cables are not anchored to the ground, relieving stress on the abutments which are built on soft and unstable London clay.... |
Resistant statistic Speed-of-light data Breakdown_point > Examples > Speed-of-light data Thus, if the mean is intended as a measure of the location of the center of the data, it is, in a sense, biased when outliers are present. Also, the distribution of the mean is known to be asymptotically normal due to the central l... |
Chemical revolution John Dalton Chemical_revolution > John Dalton John Dalton was an English chemist who developed the idea of atomic theory of chemical elements. Dalton's atomic theory of chemical elements assumed that each element had unique atoms associated with and specific to that atom. This was in opposition to L... |
Cytoplasmic dynein Mitotic spindle positioning Cytoplasmic_dynein > Function > Mitotic spindle positioning When the end of the microtubules become close to the cell membrane, they release a chemical signal that punts the dynein to the other side of the cell. It does this repeatedly so the chromosomes end up in the cent... |
Engine efficiency Piston engine Engine_efficiency > External combustion engines > Steam engine > Piston engine Watt's engine operated with steam at slightly above atmospheric pressure. Watt's improvements increased efficiency by a factor of over 2.5. The lack of general mechanical ability, including skilled mechanics, ... |
Zero to the power of zero Current situation Zero_to_the_power_of_zero > History > Current situation Some authors define 00 as 1 because it simplifies many theorem statements. According to Benson (1999), "The choice whether to define 00 is based on convenience, not on correctness. If we refrain from defining 00, then ce... |
Power systems Supplies Electric_power_system > Components of power systems > Supplies If the load on the system increases, the generators will require more torque to spin at that speed and, in a steam power station, more steam must be supplied to the turbines driving them. Thus the steam used and the fuel expended dire... |
Factorial design Example of advantages of factorial experiments Factorial_designs > Advantages of factorial experiments > Example of advantages of factorial experiments In his book, Improving Almost Anything: Ideas and Essays, statistician George Box gives many examples of the benefits of factorial experiments. Here is... |
Helminthic therapy Hypotheses Helminthic_therapy > Hypotheses Although the mechanism(s) of autoimmune disease development is(are) not fully understood, there is broad agreement that the majority of autoimmune diseases are caused by inappropriate immunological responses to innocuous antigens; these are generally called ... |
Kirchhoff's circuit laws Kirchhoff's voltage law Kirchhoff's_voltage_law > Kirchhoff's voltage law This law, also called Kirchhoff's second law, or Kirchhoff's loop rule, states the following: The directed sum of the potential differences (voltages) around any closed loop is zero. Similarly to Kirchhoff's current law, ... |
Modulo (mathematics) Original use Modulo_(mathematics) > Usage > Original use Gauss originally intended to use "modulo" as follows: given the integers a, b and n, the expression a ≡ b (mod n) (pronounced "a is congruent to b modulo n") means that a − b is an integer multiple of n, or equivalently, a and b both leave th... |
Quadratic residue Complexity of finding square roots Least_quadratic_non-residue > Complexity of finding square roots That is, given a number a and a modulus n, how hard is it to tell whether an x solving x2 ≡ a (mod n) exists assuming one does exist, to calculate it?An important difference between prime and composite ... |
Photodiode arrays Photoconductive mode Photo_transistor > Principle of operation > Photoconductive mode In photoconductive mode the diode is reverse biased, that is, with the cathode driven positive with respect to the anode. This reduces the response time because the additional reverse bias increases the width of the ... |
Diastolic blood pressure Regulation of blood pressure Home_blood_pressure_monitoring > Physiology > Regulation of blood pressure Renin–angiotensin system (RAS): This system is generally known for its long-term adjustment of arterial pressure. This system allows the kidney to compensate for loss in blood volume or drops... |
Lamport signature Summary Lamport_signature In cryptography, a Lamport signature or Lamport one-time signature scheme is a method for constructing a digital signature. Lamport signatures can be built from any cryptographically secure one-way function; usually a cryptographic hash function is used. Although the potentia... |
Colligative property Osmotic pressure Colligative_Properties > Osmotic pressure Two laws governing the osmotic pressure of a dilute solution were discovered by the German botanist W. F. P. Pfeffer and the Dutch chemist J. H. van’t Hoff: The osmotic pressure of a dilute solution at constant temperature is directly propo... |
Francis Galton Model for population stability Francis_Galton > Model for population stability Each group was not centred on the parent's weight, but rather at a weight closer to the population average. Galton called this reversion, as every progeny group was distributed at a value that was closer to the population aver... |
Sodium percarbonate Chemistry Sodium_percarbonate > Chemistry Dissolved in water, sodium percarbonate yields a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (which eventually decomposes to water and oxygen), sodium cations Na+, and carbonate CO2−3. 2 Na 2 CO 3 ⋅ 3 H 2 O 2 ⟶ 3 H 2 O 2 + 4 Na + + 2 CO 3 2 − {\displaystyle {\ce {2Na2CO3*3... |
Domain objects Kinds of models Domain_objects > Overview > Kinds of models When people exchange business cards, for instance, they only care about the information on the card (its attributes) rather than trying to distinguish between each unique card. Models can also define events (something that happened in the past).... |
Vitamin K reaction Vitamin K as reversal agent for vitamin K antagonists Vitamin_K_reaction > Treatment > Vitamin K as reversal agent for vitamin K antagonists The intravenous (IV) route of administration has a faster onset of action when compared to the oral and subcutaneous routes, thus IV vitamin K is more appropria... |
Whisper (speech recognition system) Training and capabilities Whisper_(speech_recognition_system) > Training and capabilities Whisper has been trained using semi-supervised learning on 680,000 hours of multilingual and multitask data, of which about one-fifth (117,000 hours) were non-English audio data. Whisper does no... |
127 (number) In mathematics 127_(number) > In mathematics As a Mersenne prime, 127 is related to the perfect number 8128. 127 is also the largest known Mersenne prime exponent for a Mersenne number, 2 127 − 1 {\displaystyle 2^{127}-1} , which is also a Mersenne prime. It was discovered by Édouard Lucas in 1876 and held... |
Hypertree network Summary Hypertree_network A hypertree network is a network topology that shares some traits with the binary tree network. It is a variation of the fat tree architecture.A hypertree of degree k depth d may be visualized as a 3-dimensional object whose front view is the top-down complete k-ary tree of d... |
Interchange of limiting operations List of related theorems Interchange_of_limiting_operations > List of related theorems Interchange of limits: Moore-Osgood theorem Interchange of limit and infinite summation: Tannery's theorem Interchange of partial derivatives: Schwarz's theorem Interchange of integrals: Fubini's th... |
Ornstein–Uhlenbeck operator The Laplacian Ornstein–Uhlenbeck_operator > Introduction: the finite-dimensional picture > The Laplacian Consider the gradient operator ∇ acting on scalar functions f: Rn → R; the gradient of a scalar function is a vector field v = ∇f: Rn → Rn. The divergence operator div, acting on vector f... |
Increased urinary frequency Mechanism Increased_urinary_frequency > Mechanism Polyuria in osmotic cases, increases flow amount in the distal nephron where flow rates and velocity are low. The significant pressure increase occurring in the distal nephron takes place particularly in the cortical-collecting ducts. One stu... |
Rotation plane Eigenvalues and eigenplanes Rotation_plane > Mathematical properties > Eigenvalues and eigenplanes The planes of rotations for a particular rotation using the eigenvalues. Given a general rotation matrix in n dimensions its characteristic equation has either one (in odd dimensions) or zero (in even dimen... |
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