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Glossary of genetics (M–Z) O Glossary_of_genetics_(M–Z) > O operon A functional unit of gene expression consisting of a cluster of adjacent structural genes which are collectively under the control of a single promoter, along with one or more adjacent regulatory sequences such as operators which affect transcription of... |
Peripheral tolerance Tolerogenic DCs Peripheral_tolerance > Cells mediating peripheral tolerance > Tolerogenic DCs DCs are a major cell population responsible for the initiation of the adaptive immune response. They present short peptides on MHCII, which are recognized by specific TCR. After encountering an antigen wit... |
Exon junction complex Mechanism Exon_junction_complex > Mechanism In order for the translocation of mRNAs through the nuclear pore complex to occur, a heterodimer consisting of NXF1/TAP and NXT1/p15 must bind to the transcripts. NXF1/TAP is a major receptor for the export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm. This is because it i... |
Newton's cradle Simple solution Newton's_cradle > Physics explanation > Simple solution The simple effect from two same-mass efficiently elastic colliding objects constrained to a straight path is the basis of the effect seen in the cradle and gives an approximate solution to all its activities. For a sequence of same-... |
Mir-16 microRNA precursor family Clinical relevance Mir-16_microRNA_precursor_family > Clinical relevance Altered expression of microRNA-16 has been observed in cancer, including malignancies of the breast, colon, brain , lung, lymphatic system, ovaries, pancreas , prostate and stomach. This difference in expression le... |
Pyridoxine deficiency Absorption, metabolism and excretion Vitamin_B6 > Absorption, metabolism and excretion The PLP-albumin complex is what is released by the liver to circulate in plasma. Protein-binding capacity is the limiting factor for vitamin storage. Total body stores, the majority in muscle, with a lesser amou... |
Madelung equations Derivation Madelung_equations > Derivation The Madelung equations are derived by writing the wavefunction in polar form: and substituting this form into the Schrödinger equation The flow velocity is defined by from which we also find that where j {\displaystyle \mathbf {j} } is the probability curren... |
Block swap algorithms Reversal algorithm Block_swap_algorithms > Reversal algorithm The reversal algorithm is the simplest to explain, using rotations. A rotation is an in-place reversal of array elements. This method swaps two elements of an array from outside in within a range. The rotation works for an even or odd n... |
Negishi coupling Reaction mechanism Negishi_coupling > Reaction mechanism In one Negishi model system the formation of homocoupling was found to be the result of a second transmetalation reaction between the diarylmetal intermediate and arylmetal halide: Ar–Pd–Ar' + Ar'–Zn–X → Ar'–Pd–Ar' + Ar–Zn–X Ar'–Pd–Ar' → Ar'–Ar' ... |
Relative velocity time dilation Simple inference Relative_velocity_time_dilation > Time dilation caused by a relative velocity > Simple inference The separation of the mirrors is L and the clock ticks once each time the light pulse hits mirror A. In the frame in which the clock is at rest (see left part of the diagram)... |
Organic life DNA Organic_life > Environmental conditions > Chemical elements > DNA Under the genetic code, RNA strands are translated to specify the sequence of amino acids within proteins. These RNA strands are initially created using DNA strands as a template in a process called transcription. Within cells, DNA is or... |
Boolean rings Summary Boolean_ring In mathematics, a Boolean ring R is a ring for which x2 = x for all x in R, that is, a ring that consists only of idempotent elements. An example is the ring of integers modulo 2. Every Boolean ring gives rise to a Boolean algebra, with ring multiplication corresponding to conjunction... |
Simultaneously triangularizable Triangularisability Back_substitution > Triangularisability A more precise statement is given by the Jordan normal form theorem, which states that in this situation, A is similar to an upper triangular matrix of a very particular form. The simpler triangularization result is often suffic... |
Lactobacillus vaccine Humoral immune response Lactobacillus_vaccine > Mechanism of action > Humoral immune response The agglutination titres were determined by preparing two-fold serial dilutions of the serum samples in isotonic saline (dilutions of 1:10 to 1:1280), using 0.5 ml concentrated lactobacillus vaccine as an... |
Autonomous agency theory Development Autonomous_agency_theory > Development This is normally used to model plural situations like organisations or a nation states, when its personality system is taken to have normative characteristics (see also Normative personality), that is, driven by cultural norms as represented in... |
Cellular evolution Community metabolism Cell_evolution > Community metabolism The archean prokaryote cell concept is often termed as the endosymbiotic theory. There is still debate about whether organelles like the hydrogenosome predated the origin of mitochondria, or vice versa: see the hydrogen hypothesis for the ori... |
Adrenal insufficiency Cortisol deficiency Adrenocortical_insufficiency > Pathophysiology > Cortisol deficiency Cortisol increases blood sugar by inducing gluconeogenesis (glucose production) in the liver, lipolysis (fat breakdown) in adipose tissue, and proteolysis (muscle breakdown) in muscle while increasing glucagon... |
Riemann integration Similar concepts Riemann_integrability > Similar concepts However, combining these restrictions, so that one uses only left-hand or right-hand Riemann sums on regularly divided intervals, is dangerous. If a function is known in advance to be Riemann integrable, then this technique will give the corr... |
Heater core Control Heater_core > Control Simpler systems allow the driver to control the valve or door directly (usually by means of a rotary knob, or a lever). More complicated systems use a combination of electromechanical actuators and thermistors to control the valve or doors to deliver air at a precise temperatur... |
H3R17me2 Epigenetic implications H3T45P > Epigenetic implications The post-translational modification of histone tails by either histone-modifying complexes or chromatin remodeling complexes is interpreted by the cell and leads to complex, combinatorial transcriptional output. It is thought that a histone code dictates... |
IABG Aeronautics IABG > Business areas > Aeronautics The company tests aircraft and individual assemblies for their strength and durability. This includes life and safety analyses, test concepts and programs, test simulation, static load tests, operational strength tests on entire skin and substructures, material testi... |
Microbial symbiosis and immunity Regulation of immune responses Microbial_symbiosis_and_immunity > Gastrointestinal tract > Regulation of immune responses Maturation of the GI tract is mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which recognize non-self pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including bac... |
Point-of-care ultrasound Resuscitation of the critically ill Point-of-care_ultrasound > Scope > Resuscitation of the critically ill People presenting with hypotension of unknown cause, ultrasound has been utilized to determine the cause of shock. Evaluation of the heart and inferior vena cava (IVC) can help the clinici... |
Enteric nervous system Neurogastroenterology societies Enteric_nervous_system > Neurogastroenterology societies American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society European Society of Neurogastroenterology and MotilityNeurogastroenterology & Motility |
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids Inflammation Epoxyeicosatrienoic_acid > Clinical significance > Inflammation In vitro and animal model studies indicate that the EETs possess anti-inflammatory activity that is directed toward reducing, resolving, and limiting the damage caused by inflammation. Most of these studies have focus... |
Intravitreal injection Antibiotics Intravitreal_injection > Common medications used in injection > Antimicrobials > Antibiotics This type of drug targets on bacterial infection. The first use of intravitreal antibiotics was dated back to experiments in the 1940s, in which penicillin and sulfonamides were used to treat ... |
Comparison of vector algebra and geometric algebra Matrix Related Comparison_of_vector_algebra_and_geometric_algebra > Translations between formalisms > Matrix Related When the wedge product is coupled with the Clifford product and put into a natural geometric context, the fact that the determinants are used in the exp... |
Freiling's axiom of symmetry Objections to Freiling's argument Freiling's_axiom_of_symmetry > Objections to Freiling's argument A minor variation of his argument gives a contradiction with the axiom of choice whether or not one accepts the continuum hypothesis, if one replaces countable additivity of probability by add... |
Search engine optimization copywriting Relationship with Google Search-engine_optimization > History > Relationship with Google Patents related to search engines can provide information to better understand search engines. In 2005, Google began personalizing search results for each user. Depending on their history of p... |
CAD/CAM dentistry History CAD/CAM_dentistry > History Although CAD/CAM dentistry was used in the mid-1980s, early efforts were considered a cumbersome novelty, requiring an inordinate amount of time to produce a viable product. This inefficiency prevented its use within dental offices and limited it to labside use (tha... |
Daria Hazuda Research on HIV-1 integrase inhibitors Daria_Hazuda > Career and research > Research on HIV-1 integrase inhibitors As a retrovirus, HIV has an RNA genome which it reverse transcribes into a double-stranded DNA copy, which it then inserts into the host cell's genome. This insertion is done by an enzyme call... |
Bayesian models Summary Bayesian_models Bayesian statistics ( BAY-zee-ən or BAY-zhən) is a theory in the field of statistics based on the Bayesian interpretation of probability where probability expresses a degree of belief in an event. The degree of belief may be based on prior knowledge about the event, such as the r... |
Osmoregulation In plants Osmoregulation > In plants Other plants have leaf modifications to reduce water loss, such as needle-shaped leaves, sunken stomata, and thick, waxy cuticles as in the pine. The sand-dune marram grass has rolled leaves with stomata on the inner surface. Hydrophytes are plants that grow in aquati... |
Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly Summary Programmable_Universal_Machine_for_Assembly The operating system is loaded from external storage through a serial port, usually from a floppy disk. The control unit also contains the servo power supply, analog and digital feedback processing boards, and servo drive sy... |
Space (mathematics) Spaces and structure Mathematical_space > Spaces and structure Clearly, groups are algebraic, while Euclidean spaces are geometric. Modules over rings are as algebraic as groups. In particular, when the ring appears to be a field, the module appears to be a linear space; is it algebraic or geometric... |
MO diagram Diatomic MO diagrams Molecular_orbital_diagram > Diatomic MO diagrams A diatomic molecular orbital diagram is used to understand the bonding of a diatomic molecule. MO diagrams can be used to deduce magnetic properties of a molecule and how they change with ionization. They also give insight to the bond orde... |
Prime divisor Definition and examples Prime_factor > Definition and examples This leads to an equivalent definition of prime numbers: they are the numbers with exactly two positive divisors. Those two are 1 and the number itself. As 1 has only one divisor, itself, it is not prime by this definition. |
Nonrenormalization theorems Summary Nonrenormalization_theorem In theoretical physics a nonrenormalization theorem is a limitation on how a certain quantity in the classical description of a quantum field theory may be modified by renormalization in the full quantum theory. Renormalization theorems are common in theori... |
Analytic–synthetic distinction Kant's version and the a priori–a posteriori distinction Analytic–synthetic_distinction > Kant > Kant's version and the a priori–a posteriori distinction In the Introduction to the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant contrasts his distinction between analytic and synthetic propositions with ano... |
Absolute Zero Limit to the "degree of cold" Zero_temperature > History > Limit to the "degree of cold" The question whether there is a limit to the degree of coldness possible, and, if so, where the zero must be placed, was first addressed by the French physicist Guillaume Amontons in 1702, in connection with his impro... |
Mathematical sociology History Mathematical_sociology > History Through formalization by mathematician Frank Harary, this work produced the fundamental theorem of this theory. It says that if a network of interrelated positive and negative ties is balanced, e.g. as illustrated by the psychological principle that "my fr... |
DNS blocking Summary DNS_blocking DNS blocking can be applied to individual servers/IP address, or entire blocks of IP addresses for multiple reasons. Some public DNS Resolvers, like Quad9 and CleanBrowsing offer filters are part of their DNS. Quad9, for example, blocks access to known phishing and malicious domains. C... |
Spring tides Current Ebb_tide > Observation and prediction > Current Also, although a water channel's center is the most useful measuring site, mariners object when current-measuring equipment obstructs waterways. A flow proceeding up a curved channel may have similar magnitude, even though its direction varies continu... |
Press fitting Summary Press_fitting An interference fit, also known as a pressed fit or friction fit, is a form of fastening between two tightfitting mating parts that produces a joint which is held together by friction after the parts are pushed together.Depending on the amount of interference, parts may be joined usi... |
Electromagnetic emission Derivation from electromagnetic theory Electromagnetic_signal > Derivation from electromagnetic theory The electric field, magnetic field, and direction of wave propagation are all orthogonal, and the wave propagates in the same direction as E × B {\displaystyle \mathbf {E} \times \mathbf {B} }... |
Reducible polynomial Algorithms Reducible_polynomial > Algorithms The unique factorization property of polynomials does not mean that the factorization of a given polynomial may always be computed. Even the irreducibility of a polynomial may not always be proved by a computation: there are fields over which no algorith... |
Linear time-invariant system Z and discrete-time Fourier transforms Linear_time-invariant_system > Discrete-time systems > Z and discrete-time Fourier transforms The discrete-time Fourier transform Fourier series may be used for analyzing periodic signals. Due to the convolution property of both of these transforms, th... |
Folk physics Solidity Folk_physics > Psychological research > Types of experiments > Solidity An experiment that tests an infant's knowledge of solidity involves the impossible event of one solid object passing through another. First, the infant is shown a flat, solid square moving from 0° to 180° in an arch formation.... |
Magnetic tension Summary Magnetic_tension In physics, magnetic tension is a restoring force with units of force density that acts to straighten bent magnetic field lines. In SI units, the force density f T {\displaystyle \mathbf {f} _{T}} exerted perpendicular to a magnetic field B {\displaystyle \mathbf {B} } can be e... |
Formalized mathematics Summary Formalized_mathematics It is not the primary aim of this article to say anything about the relative merits of these theories as foundations for mathematics. The reason for the use of two different set theories is to illustrate that multiple approaches to the implementation of mathematics ... |
Continuum robot Advantages Continuum_robot > Advantages The particular design of continuum robots offers several advantages with respect to rigid-link robots. First of all, as already said, continuum robots can more easily operate in environments that require a high level of dexterity, adaptability and flexibility. Mor... |
Mir-625 microRNA precursor family Summary Mir-625_microRNA_precursor_family In molecular biology mir-625 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. Many microRNAs play important roles in cancer development and progression. |
Soy protein Biological value Soy_protein > Nutrition > Biological value Another measure of a protein's use in nutrition is the biological value scale, which dates back to 1911; it relies on nitrogen retention as a measurement of protein quality. Soybean protein isolate has a biological value of 74. Whole soybean has a ... |
Hydrogen bond catalysis Challenges and future goals Hydrogen_bond_catalysis > Challenges and future goals Ideally, rational catalyst design will eventually replace screening of families of catalysts and the choice of building blocks will become more systematic. Scope: While new reactions are constantly being discovered... |
Array processing Applications Array_processing > Applications NORSAR has ongoing work to improve array processing to improve monitoring of seismic activity not only in Norway but around the globe. Communications (wireless)Communication can be defined as the process of exchanging of information between two or more parti... |
Hereditary coproporphyria Treatment Hereditary_coproporphyria > Treatment Hospitalization is typically required for administration of hemin, and appropriate drug selection is key to avoid exacerbating symptoms with drugs that interact poorly with porphyrias. Proper drug selection is most difficult when it comes to trea... |
Algebraic multiplicity Overview Eigenvalue,_eigenvector_and_eigenspace > Overview Moreover, these eigenvectors all have an eigenvalue equal to one, because the mapping does not change their length either. Linear transformations can take many different forms, mapping vectors in a variety of vector spaces, so the eigenve... |
Photoelectric Effect 20th century Photoelectric_Effect > History > 20th century The paper proposed a simple description of energy quanta, and showed how they explained the blackbody radiation spectrum. His explanation in terms of absorption of discrete quanta of light agreed with experimental results. |
Duane's hypothesis Summary Duane's_hypothesis Duane argued that the way that crystal scattering can be explained by quantization of momentum is not explicable by models based on diffraction by classical waves, as in Bragg's Law. Duane applied his hypothesis to derive the scattering angles of X-rays by a crystal. Subseq... |
Adaptive noise cancelling Adaptive noise cancelling configuration and concept Adaptive_noise_cancelling > Adaptive noise cancelling configuration and concept This paper sets out the basic concepts of adaptive noise cancelling and summarises subsequent early work and applications. Earlier unpublished efforts to eliminat... |
Data provenance Architecture Data_lineage > Architecture This design solves 2 problems. It allows horizontal scaling of the lineage store. If a single centralized lineage store was used, then this information had to be carried over the network, which would cause additional network latency. The network latency is also a... |
Cardiotoxicity Summary Cardiovascular_toxicity Cardiotoxicity is the occurrence of heart dysfunction as electric or muscle damage, resulting in heart toxicity. The heart becomes weaker and is not as efficient in pumping blood. Cardiotoxicity may be caused by chemotherapy (a usual example is the class of anthracyclines)... |
Air hockey History Air_hockey > History The table top was a sandwich of fiberboard or plexiglass sheets separated by a honeycomb structure. The top surface was drilled with a grid of small holes, and the space between the boards was supplied with low-pressure compressed air, just enough to allow "air pucks" to float ov... |
Particle theory Summary Particle_theory The three fundamental interactions known to be mediated by bosons are electromagnetism, the weak interaction, and the strong interaction. Quarks cannot exist on their own but form hadrons. Hadrons that contain an odd number of quarks are called baryons and those that contain an e... |
Stress-strain relationship Thermodynamic basis Spring_Constant > Thermodynamic basis Using the relation between the Cauchy stress and the surface traction, t = n · σ (where n is the unit outward normal to ∂Ω), we have Converting the surface integral into a volume integral via the divergence theorem gives Using the symm... |
5-HT5A receptor Clinical significance 5-HT5A_receptor > Clinical significance The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been implicated in a wide range of psychiatric conditions and also has vasoconstrictive and vasodilatory effects. |
Fluent (mathematics) Summary Fluent_(mathematics) Newton described any variable that changed its value as a fluent – for example, the velocity of a ball thrown in the air. The derivative of a fluent is known as a fluxion, the main focus of Newton's calculus. A fluent can be found from its corresponding fluxion through ... |
Vibronic transition Polyatomic molecules and ions Vibronic_spectroscopy > Polyatomic molecules and ions For polyatomic molecules, progressions are most often observed when the change in bond lengths upon electronic excitation coincides with the change due to a ″totally symmetric″ vibration. This is the same process tha... |
Thrombolytic drug Medical uses Clot_buster > Medical uses Diseases where thrombolysis is used: ST elevation myocardial infarction: Large trials have shown that mortality can be reduced using thrombolysis (particularly fibrinolysis) in treating heart attacks. It works by stimulating secondary fibrinolysis by plasmin thr... |
Artificial immune system Summary Artificial_immune_systems In artificial intelligence, artificial immune systems (AIS) are a class of computationally intelligent, rule-based machine learning systems inspired by the principles and processes of the vertebrate immune system. The algorithms are typically modeled after the ... |
Euclidean traveling salesman problem Related problems Travelling_salesman_problem > Description > Related problems An equivalent formulation in terms of graph theory is: Given a complete weighted graph (where the vertices would represent the cities, the edges would represent the roads, and the weights would be the cost... |
Nutrient recycling Outline Nutrient_cycle > Outline Nutrient cycle is more often used in direct reference to the idea of an intra-system cycle, where an ecosystem functions as a unit. From a practical point, it does not make sense to assess a terrestrial ecosystem by considering the full column of air above it as well ... |
Recovery (metallurgy) Deformed structure Recovery_(metallurgy) > Process > Deformed structure A heavily deformed metal contains a huge number of dislocations predominantly caught up in 'tangles' or 'forests'. Dislocation motion is relatively difficult in a metal with a low stacking fault energy and so the dislocation d... |
Carbonyl ligand Metallurgical uses Metal_carbonyl > Applications > Metallurgical uses Metal carbonyls are used in several industrial processes. Perhaps the earliest application was the extraction and purification of nickel via nickel tetracarbonyl by the Mond process (see also carbonyl metallurgy).By a similar process ... |
Fixed gear Advantages and disadvantages Fixed-gear_bicycle > Advantages and disadvantages Alternatively, though far less efficiently, one can brake by stopping the motion of the pedals in mid-rotation, causing the rear wheel to lock in place, allowing the bicycle to skid and slow down from kinetic friction (see below).... |
Cancer Registry SEER Registries Cancer_Registry > Registries by country > United States > SEER Registries The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute collects and publish data on cancer incidence and survival throughout the United States. The information from populati... |
Thermoelectric power source Uses Thermoelectric_generator > Uses The manufacturers of generators for gas pipelines are Global Power Technologies (formerly Global Thermoelectric) (Calgary, Canada) and TELGEN (Russia). Microprocessors generate waste heat. |
Intercellular bridge Cell junctions Intercellular_communication > Communication within an organism > Cell signalling > Cell junctions Complex organisms may have molecules to hold the cells together which can also be involved in intercellular communication. Some binding molecules are termed the extracellular matrix and ... |
Morse potential Vibrational states and energies Morse_potential > Vibrational states and energies For energies above n m {\displaystyle n_{m}} , all the possible energy levels are allowed and the equation for E n {\displaystyle E_{n}} is no longer valid. Below n m {\displaystyle n_{m}} , E n {\displaystyle E_{n}} is a ... |
Controllable pitch propeller Summary Controllable_pitch_propeller Vessels with medium or high speed diesel or gasoline engines use a reduction gear to reduce the engine output speed to an optimal propeller speed—although the large low speed diesels, whose cruising RPM is in the 80 to 120 range, are usually direct drive... |
Rational canonical form Motivation Rational_canonical_form > Motivation A basis of such a subspace is obtained by taking v and its successive images as long as they are linearly independent. The matrix of the linear operator with respect to such a basis is the companion matrix of a monic polynomial; this polynomial (th... |
M-Theory (learning framework) Invariant representations M-Theory_(learning_framework) > Intuition > Invariant representations For training and testing of the first instance, images with arbitrary viewpoints were used. Another instance received only images seen from a particular viewpoint, which was equivalent to traini... |
Stem cell differentiation Histone acetylation and methylation Stem_cell_differentiation > Epigenetic control > Mechanisms of epigenetic regulation > Nucleosome positioning > Histone acetylation and methylation DNA-nucleosome interactions are characterized by two states: either tightly bound by nucleosomes and transcrip... |
Algorithm characterization 1936, 1963, 1964 Gödel's characterization Algorithm_characterization > 1936, 1963, 1964 Gödel's characterization J. Math., vol. 58 (1936) ).Church's definitions encompass so-called "recursion" and the "lambda calculus" (i.e. the λ-definable functions). |
Diffusion capacity Blood CO levels may not be negligible Diffusing_capacity > Interpretation > Blood CO levels may not be negligible Alveolar hemorrhage Goodpasture's syndrome, polycythemia, left to right intracardiac shunts, due increase in volume of blood exposed to inspired gas. Asthma due to better perfusion of api... |
Location arithmetic Napier's Method Location_arithmetic > Square roots > Napier's Method This process requires one to add counters to the abacus (board) to make square figures. The top of page 149 shows diagrams that explain this process. Begin by placing a single counter on the board (it will actually go on one of the... |
Hemostasis Steps of mechanism Hemostasis > Steps of mechanism Platelets play one of major roles in the hemostatic process. When platelets come across the injured endothelium cells, they change shape, release granules and ultimately become ‘sticky’. Platelets express certain receptors, some of which are used for the adh... |
Treatment modality Lines of therapy Medical_therapy > Types of therapies > By chronology, priority, or intensity > Lines of therapy If a first-line therapy either fails to resolve the issue or produces intolerable side effects, additional (second-line) therapies may be substituted or added to the treatment regimen, fol... |
Multidimensional empirical mode decomposition Motivation Multidimensional_empirical_mode_decomposition > Motivation Multidimensional empirical mode decomposition is a popular method because of its applications in many fields, such as texture analysis, financial applications, image processing, ocean engineering, seismic... |
Black body spectrum Further explanation Black-body_radiation > Theory > Further explanation Calculating the blackbody curve was a major challenge in theoretical physics during the late nineteenth century. The problem was solved in 1901 by Max Planck in the formalism now known as Planck's law of blackbody radiation. By ... |
Object Database Overview Object_persistence > Overview As the usage of web-based technology increases with the implementation of Intranets and extranets, companies have a vested interest in OODBMSs to display their complex data. Using a DBMS that has been specifically designed to store data as objects gives an advantag... |
Jordan canonical form Invariant subspace decompositions Jordan_canonical_form > Consequences > Invariant subspace decompositions Spectral projections are mutually orthogonal in the sense that P(λi ; A) P(vj ; A) = 0 if i ≠ j. Also they commute with A and their sum is the identity matrix. Replacing every vi in the Jorda... |
Social Trends Scope Social_Trends > Scope It covers various different topics and policy areas e.g. housing, crime, income and wealth, transport, population. |
Hardness tester Relation between hardness number and stress-strain curve Hardness_tester > Relation between hardness number and stress-strain curve This applies to the outcome of an indentation test (with a given size and shape of indenter, and a given applied load). However, while a hardness number thus depends on the... |
Approximate Bayesian Computation Prior distribution and parameter ranges Approximate_Bayesian_Computation > Pitfalls and remedies > General risks in statistical inference exacerbated in ABC > Prior distribution and parameter ranges In principle, uninformative and flat priors, that exaggerate our subjective ignorance ab... |
Tomaž Prosen Research Tomaž_Prosen > Research Tomaž Prosen is primarily known for providing the first exact solutions for models of open quantum many-body systems and for the discovery of novel kinds of quantum conservation laws that settled long-standing questions about the nature of transport in fundamental models of... |
PID Controller Basing proportional action on PV Proportional–integral–derivative_controller > Alternative nomenclature and forms > Basing proportional action on PV Most commercial control systems offer the option of also basing the proportional action solely on the process variable. This means that only the integral ac... |
Statistical data Meaning Data > Meaning Data, information, knowledge, and wisdom are closely related concepts, but each has its role concerning the other, and each term has its meaning. According to a common view, data is collected and analyzed; data only becomes information suitable for making decisions once it has be... |
Acute abdomen Workup Acute_abdomen > Workup Stable patients presenting to accident and emergency department or ER (emergency room) with severe abdominal pain will almost always have an abdominal x-ray and/or a CT scan. These tests can provide a differential diagnosis between simple and complex pathologies. However, in ... |
Parkinson's disease Prognosis Parkinson's_disease > Prognosis These symptoms, especially cognitive decline, greatly increase disability.The life expectancy of people with PD is reduced. Mortality ratios are around twice those of unaffected people. Cognitive decline and dementia, old age at onset, a more advanced diseas... |
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