pair_id
string
label
int64
pair_type
string
pair_subtype
string
a_doc_id
string
a_snippet_id
int64
a_text_type
string
a_text
string
b_doc_id
string
b_snippet_id
int64
b_text_type
string
b_text
string
a_metadata
unknown
b_metadata
unknown
pos-11200
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5097
0
sentence_chunk
이러한 인식을 바탕으로 운영체제 개혁을 위한 유로존의 과제 는 재정규율의 강화,
5097
1
sentence_chunk
정책조율 체계의 확립 및 재정통합의 강화, 역내불균형의 해소라고 판단된다.
{}
{}
pos-11201
1
positive
sentence_translation
5097
null
sentence
이러한 인식을 바탕으로 운영체제 개혁을 위한 유로존의 과제 는 재정규율의 강화, 정책조율 체계의 확립 및 재정통합의 강화, 역내불균형의 해소라고 판단된다.
5097
null
translation
Based on this recognition, the task of the eurozone for reforming the operating system is deemed to enhance fiscal discipline, establish a policy coordination system, reinforce fiscal integration, and address regional imbalances.
{}
{}
pos-11202
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5097
0
translation_chunk
Based on this recognition, the task of the eurozone for reforming the operating system is deemed to enhance fiscal
5097
1
translation_chunk
discipline, establish a policy coordination system, reinforce fiscal integration, and address regional imbalances.
{}
{}
pos-11203
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5098
0
sentence_chunk
용익물권설은 담보지상권의 특수성을 고려하지 않고 일 반적인 지상권의 내용에 치우쳐 판단한 것이고 담보물권설은
5098
1
sentence_chunk
담보지상권의 특수성만 을 생각하여 우리 민법상의 지상권은 용익물권이라는 점을 판단하지 않아 따를 수 없다.
{}
{}
pos-11204
1
positive
sentence_translation
5098
null
sentence
용익물권설은 담보지상권의 특수성을 고려하지 않고 일 반적인 지상권의 내용에 치우쳐 판단한 것이고 담보물권설은 담보지상권의 특수성만 을 생각하여 우리 민법상의 지상권은 용익물권이라는 점을 판단하지 않아 따를 수 없다.
5098
null
translation
The theory of usufruct is evaluated by examining the substance of ordinary superficies without taking into account the distinctiveness of security superficies, while the theory of security superficies is grounded on the specificity of the security superficies, and it cannot be adhered to as it fails to determine that t...
{}
{}
pos-11205
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5098
0
translation_chunk
The theory of usufruct is evaluated by examining the substance of ordinary superficies without taking into account the distinctiveness
5098
1
translation_chunk
of security superficies, while the theory of security superficies is grounded on the specificity of the security superficies,
{}
{}
pos-11206
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5098
0
translation_chunk
The theory of usufruct is evaluated by examining the substance of ordinary superficies without taking into account the distinctiveness
5098
2
translation_chunk
and it cannot be adhered to as it fails to determine that the superficies under the Korean Civil Act constitute usufruct.
{}
{}
pos-11207
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5098
1
translation_chunk
of security superficies, while the theory of security superficies is grounded on the specificity of the security superficies,
5098
2
translation_chunk
and it cannot be adhered to as it fails to determine that the superficies under the Korean Civil Act constitute usufruct.
{}
{}
pos-11208
1
positive
sentence_translation
5099
null
sentence
이는 담보가 치를 하락시키는 침해를 배제함으로써 저당 토지의 담보가치를 유지한다.
5099
null
translation
This preserves the collateral value of the mortgaged land by excluding any infringements that diminish the value of the collateral.
{}
{}
pos-11209
1
positive
sentence_translation
5100
null
sentence
이러한 담보지상권에 대하여는 학계에서는 용익물권설, 담보물권설, 혼합물권설 등이 대립하고 있다.
5100
null
translation
With respect to such security superficies, the theories of usufruct, security, and mixed right are debated in academia.
{}
{}
pos-11210
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5101
0
sentence_chunk
위기 이후에는 개별 국가의 부도가능성이 부각되면서 경상수지 가 가장 큰 영향을 미치는
5101
1
sentence_chunk
것으로 인식되면서, 회원국 간의 경상수지 격차 축소를 위한 대응방안들이 제시되었다.
{}
{}
pos-11211
1
positive
sentence_translation
5101
null
sentence
위기 이후에는 개별 국가의 부도가능성이 부각되면서 경상수지 가 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 인식되면서, 회원국 간의 경상수지 격차 축소를 위한 대응방안들이 제시되었다.
5101
null
translation
After the crisis, as the potential for individual countries to go bankrupt was emphasized, the current account was acknowledged as having the most significant influence, and measures to reduce the current account deficit among member countries were suggested.
{}
{}
pos-11212
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5101
0
translation_chunk
After the crisis, as the potential for individual countries to go bankrupt was emphasized, the current account was acknowledged as
5101
1
translation_chunk
having the most significant influence, and measures to reduce the current account deficit among member countries were suggested.
{}
{}
pos-11213
1
positive
sentence_translation
5102
null
sentence
유로존 내 경상수지 격차의 심화는 통화공동체로서 유로존이 갖고 있는 구조적 문제점 으로 남부유럽 국가들이 재정위기를 겪게된 대표적인 원인이다.
5102
null
translation
The growing disparity in the current account within the eurozone is a fundamental issue in the eurozone as a monetary community, which serves as a significant factor contributing to the fiscal crisis in southern European countries.
{}
{}
pos-11214
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5102
0
translation_chunk
The growing disparity in the current account within the eurozone is a fundamental issue in the eurozone as a monetary
5102
1
translation_chunk
community, which serves as a significant factor contributing to the fiscal crisis in southern European countries.
{}
{}
pos-11215
1
positive
sentence_translation
5103
null
sentence
MB 정부 2년의 경제운용 성과와 향후 방향
5103
null
translation
MB government’s two-year economic management performance and future direction
{}
{}
pos-11216
1
positive
sentence_translation
5104
null
sentence
독일은 개별 회원국이 거시경제운영을 원칙에 맞게 실시할 경우 유로존의 원활한 운영이 이루어질 수 있음을 재차 강조하는 입장을 보였다.
5104
null
translation
Germany reaffirmed its stance that the smooth operation of the eurozone can be achieved if individual member states adhere to the principles of macroeconomic management.
{}
{}
pos-11217
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5104
0
translation_chunk
Germany reaffirmed its stance that the smooth operation of the eurozone can be achieved
5104
1
translation_chunk
if individual member states adhere to the principles of macroeconomic management.
{}
{}
pos-11218
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5105
0
sentence_chunk
메르켈 총리는 2011년 초부터 사회, 세제정책, 노동권, 공공분야의 임금변동
5105
1
sentence_chunk
추세 등을 상호 간에 조율할 수 있는 조치가 필요하다고 언급하기 시작하였다.
{}
{}
pos-11219
1
positive
sentence_translation
5105
null
sentence
메르켈 총리는 2011년 초부터 사회, 세제정책, 노동권, 공공분야의 임금변동 추세 등을 상호 간에 조율할 수 있는 조치가 필요하다고 언급하기 시작하였다.
5105
null
translation
Since early 2011, Chancellor Merkel has started mentioning the necessity of measures to coordinate the trends of wage fluctuations, tax policies, labor rights, and public sectors among each other.
{}
{}
pos-11220
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5105
0
translation_chunk
Since early 2011, Chancellor Merkel has started mentioning the necessity of measures to coordinate
5105
1
translation_chunk
the trends of wage fluctuations, tax policies, labor rights, and public sectors among each other.
{}
{}
pos-11221
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5106
0
sentence_chunk
이 제안에 대해 이탈리아와 스페인은 찬성의 입 장을 보였으나, 독일은 이 제안이 유로화 사용여부에
5106
1
sentence_chunk
따라 EU 회원국을 1등 국가와 2등 국가로 양분시킬 수 있다는 우려로 반대를 표시한 바 있다.
{}
{}
pos-11222
1
positive
sentence_translation
5106
null
sentence
이 제안에 대해 이탈리아와 스페인은 찬성의 입 장을 보였으나, 독일은 이 제안이 유로화 사용여부에 따라 EU 회원국을 1등 국가와 2등 국가로 양분시킬 수 있다는 우려로 반대를 표시한 바 있다.
5106
null
translation
Italy and Spain have shown support for this proposal, but Germany has expressed opposition due to concerns that the proposal could divide EU member countries into first and second-tier nations based on the use of the euro.
{}
{}
pos-11223
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5106
0
translation_chunk
Italy and Spain have shown support for this proposal, but Germany has expressed opposition due to concerns that
5106
1
translation_chunk
the proposal could divide EU member countries into first and second-tier nations based on the use of the euro.
{}
{}
pos-11224
1
positive
sentence_translation
5107
null
sentence
본 논문은 확률할인요인 모형으로부터 두 가지 새로운 시사점을 제시한다.
5107
null
translation
This paper introduces two novel implications derived from the probability discount factor model.
{}
{}
pos-11225
1
positive
sentence_translation
5108
null
sentence
이는 기후변화의 잠재적 피해와 정책효과가 어떤 상관 관계를 가질지에 대한 고려에 바탕한다.
5108
null
translation
This is based on the consideration of the correlation between the potential damage of climate change and the policy effects.
{}
{}
pos-11226
1
positive
sentence_translation
5109
null
sentence
이는 무위험자산 수익률과 위험 프 리미엄이 국가마다 다르고, 특히 이머징마켓에서 높다는 점에서 유추해 볼 수 있다.
5109
null
translation
This implies that the yield on risk-free assets and risk premium differ across countries, particularly in emerging markets.
{}
{}
pos-11227
1
positive
sentence_translation
5110
null
sentence
독일은 2010년 8월 재정건전화를 위한 대규모의 출구전략을 발표하면서, 자체적인 재정적자 상한선을 도입한 바 있다.
5110
null
translation
In August 2010, Germany declared a comprehensive exit strategy for fiscal consolidation, implementing its own fiscal deficit ceiling.
{}
{}
pos-11228
1
positive
sentence_translation
5111
null
sentence
이 조치는 SGP를 국내법제화한 첫 번째 사례로 경기와 정치적 여건에 따른 재량적 재정운영의 폭을 가능한 줄이고자 하는 것이다.
5111
null
translation
This measure represents the initial implementation of the SGP as a domestic legislation, aiming to minimize the extent of discretionary fiscal management in accordance with economic and political circumstances.
{}
{}
pos-11229
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5111
0
translation_chunk
This measure represents the initial implementation of the SGP as a domestic legislation, aiming to minimize
5111
1
translation_chunk
the extent of discretionary fiscal management in accordance with economic and political circumstances.
{}
{}
pos-11230
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5112
0
sentence_chunk
정년연장은 인구 고령 화에 따른 노동인구의 감소에 대응하고 연금지출 부담을 줄이기 위한 조치로, 상당수의
5112
1
sentence_chunk
회담을 가진 바 있는데, 이 회의에서 메르켈 총리는 채권자-채무자의 손실분담 원칙을 공식적 으로 언급했다.
{}
{}
pos-11231
1
positive
sentence_translation
5112
null
sentence
정년연장은 인구 고령 화에 따른 노동인구의 감소에 대응하고 연금지출 부담을 줄이기 위한 조치로, 상당수의 회담을 가진 바 있는데, 이 회의에서 메르켈 총리는 채권자-채무자의 손실분담 원칙을 공식적 으로 언급했다.
5112
null
translation
The extension of the retirement age is a measure aimed at responding to a decline in the working population caused by population aging and reducing the burden of pension spending, which has held a number of meetings, with Merkel officially referring to the principle of sharing losses among creditors and debtors.
{}
{}
pos-11232
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5112
0
translation_chunk
The extension of the retirement age is a measure aimed at responding to a decline in the working population caused by population aging and reducing the burden
5112
1
translation_chunk
of pension spending, which has held a number of meetings, with Merkel officially referring to the principle of sharing losses among creditors and debtors.
{}
{}
pos-11233
1
positive
sentence_translation
5113
null
sentence
최근 우리나라의 잠재성장률은 추세적으로 하락하고 있고, 조만간 음수가 될 것으로 예측되고 있다.
5113
null
translation
Recently, Korea's potential growth rate has been decreasing, and it is anticipated to become negative in the near future.
{}
{}
pos-11234
1
positive
sentence_translation
5114
null
sentence
한국은행이 표면적으로 내세 운 논리는 근원 인플레이션이 아직 높다는 것이다.
5114
null
translation
The logic purportedly presented by the Bank of Korea is that core inflation remains elevated.
{}
{}
pos-11235
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5115
0
sentence_chunk
비록 관심변수의 통계적 유의성은 약하지만 외국인직접투자와 지식재산권 보호 사이에는 양의 상관관계가 존재하고
5115
1
sentence_chunk
투자대상국의 지식재산권 보호 정도가 강할수록 선진국으로부터 외국인직접투자 유입이 증가함을 보여준다.
{}
{}
pos-11236
1
positive
sentence_translation
5115
null
sentence
비록 관심변수의 통계적 유의성은 약하지만 외국인직접투자와 지식재산권 보호 사이에는 양의 상관관계가 존재하고 투자대상국의 지식재산권 보호 정도가 강할수록 선진국으로부터 외국인직접투자 유입이 증가함을 보여준다.
5115
null
translation
Despite the weak statistical significance of the variable of interest, there exists a positive correlation between foreign direct investment and the protection of intellectual property rights, and this demonstrates that as the level of intellectual property rights protection in the target country strengthens, there is ...
{}
{}
pos-11237
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5115
0
translation_chunk
Despite the weak statistical significance of the variable of interest, there exists a positive correlation between foreign direct
5115
1
translation_chunk
investment and the protection of intellectual property rights, and this demonstrates that as the level of intellectual property rights
{}
{}
pos-11238
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5115
0
translation_chunk
Despite the weak statistical significance of the variable of interest, there exists a positive correlation between foreign direct
5115
2
translation_chunk
protection in the target country strengthens, there is an increase in the inflow of foreign direct investment from developed countries.
{}
{}
pos-11239
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5115
1
translation_chunk
investment and the protection of intellectual property rights, and this demonstrates that as the level of intellectual property rights
5115
2
translation_chunk
protection in the target country strengthens, there is an increase in the inflow of foreign direct investment from developed countries.
{}
{}
pos-11240
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5116
0
sentence_chunk
비선형 관계를 가정한 모형에서도 지식재산권 보 호 정도를 나타내는 변수의 부호는
5116
1
sentence_chunk
10% 유의수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 양의 부호를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.
{}
{}
pos-11241
1
positive
sentence_translation
5116
null
sentence
비선형 관계를 가정한 모형에서도 지식재산권 보 호 정도를 나타내는 변수의 부호는 10% 유의수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 양의 부호를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.
5116
null
translation
In the model assuming a nonlinear relationship, it was found that the variable representing the degree of protection of intellectual property rights had a statistically significant positive sign at the 10% significance level.
{}
{}
pos-11242
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5116
0
translation_chunk
In the model assuming a nonlinear relationship, it was found that the variable representing the degree of protection
5116
1
translation_chunk
of intellectual property rights had a statistically significant positive sign at the 10% significance level.
{}
{}
pos-11243
1
positive
sentence_translation
5117
null
sentence
외국인직접투자와 지식재산권 보호 변수 사이에 비선형 관계를 가정하여 추정한 다.
5117
null
translation
It is estimated by assuming a nonlinear correlation between foreign direct investment and variables related to intellectual property protection.
{}
{}
pos-11244
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5118
0
sentence_chunk
이러한 추정방법을 통해 지식재산권 보호 정도가 외국인직접투자에 미치는 영향에 대해서 일관된 결과가 도출되는지
5118
1
sentence_chunk
확인하여 개발도상국의 지식재산권 보호 정도가 선진국의 직접투자 결 정에 유의미한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고자 한다.
{}
{}
pos-11245
1
positive
sentence_translation
5118
null
sentence
이러한 추정방법을 통해 지식재산권 보호 정도가 외국인직접투자에 미치는 영향에 대해서 일관된 결과가 도출되는지 확인하여 개발도상국의 지식재산권 보호 정도가 선진국의 직접투자 결 정에 유의미한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고자 한다.
5118
null
translation
Through this estimation method, the aim is to assess whether the level of intellectual property protection in developing countries significantly impacts the decision to make direct investments in developed countries by confirming if consistent results are obtained from the effect of the degree of intellectual property ...
{}
{}
pos-11246
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5118
0
translation_chunk
Through this estimation method, the aim is to assess whether the level of intellectual property protection in developing
5118
1
translation_chunk
countries significantly impacts the decision to make direct investments in developed countries by confirming if consistent
{}
{}
pos-11247
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5118
0
translation_chunk
Through this estimation method, the aim is to assess whether the level of intellectual property protection in developing
5118
2
translation_chunk
results are obtained from the effect of the degree of intellectual property protection on foreign direct investment.
{}
{}
pos-11248
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5118
1
translation_chunk
countries significantly impacts the decision to make direct investments in developed countries by confirming if consistent
5118
2
translation_chunk
results are obtained from the effect of the degree of intellectual property protection on foreign direct investment.
{}
{}
pos-11249
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5119
0
sentence_chunk
중력모형은 직접투자의 결정요인을 규명하기 위해 빈번히 사용되고 있는데 기본적으로
5119
1
sentence_chunk
외국인직접투자는 양국 간 경제규모에 비례하고 거리에 반비례함을 모형으로 설정한다.
{}
{}
pos-11250
1
positive
sentence_translation
5119
null
sentence
중력모형은 직접투자의 결정요인을 규명하기 위해 빈번히 사용되고 있는데 기본적으로 외국인직접투자는 양국 간 경제규모에 비례하고 거리에 반비례함을 모형으로 설정한다.
5119
null
translation
The gravity model is commonly employed to ascertain the factors influencing direct investment, and essentially, foreign direct investment is positively correlated with the size of the economy between the two countries and negatively correlated with the distance.
{}
{}
pos-11251
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5119
0
translation_chunk
The gravity model is commonly employed to ascertain the factors influencing direct investment, and essentially, foreign direct
5119
1
translation_chunk
investment is positively correlated with the size of the economy between the two countries and negatively correlated with the distance.
{}
{}
pos-11252
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5120
0
sentence_chunk
주요국의 소위 경쟁적 평가절하 정책은 당시 관세율 인상 등 보호무역주의와 맞물려
5120
1
sentence_chunk
세계교역량을 급감시키고 글로벌 경제의 동반 회복시기를 지연시 키는 결과를 초래하였다.
{}
{}
pos-11253
1
positive
sentence_translation
5120
null
sentence
주요국의 소위 경쟁적 평가절하 정책은 당시 관세율 인상 등 보호무역주의와 맞물려 세계교역량을 급감시키고 글로벌 경제의 동반 회복시기를 지연시 키는 결과를 초래하였다.
5120
null
translation
The competitive devaluation policies adopted by major countries, which were aligned with protectionism and involved raising tariff rates, resulted in a significant decline in global trade capabilities and delayed the timing of the global economy's simultaneous recovery.
{}
{}
pos-11254
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5120
0
translation_chunk
The competitive devaluation policies adopted by major countries, which were aligned with protectionism and involved raising tariff rates,
5120
1
translation_chunk
resulted in a significant decline in global trade capabilities and delayed the timing of the global economy's simultaneous recovery.
{}
{}
pos-11255
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5121
0
sentence_chunk
통계적인 결과에 의하면 투자결정에 영향을 미치는 많은 요인 중에서 지식재산권의
5121
1
sentence_chunk
보호 정도가 약할수록 투자 결정에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보였다.
{}
{}
pos-11256
1
positive
sentence_translation
5121
null
sentence
통계적인 결과에 의하면 투자결정에 영향을 미치는 많은 요인 중에서 지식재산권의 보호 정도가 약할수록 투자 결정에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보였다.
5121
null
translation
According to statistical findings, it has been demonstrated that the level of protection of intellectual property rights is inversely proportional to the negative impact it can have on investment decisions among various influencing factors.
{}
{}
pos-11257
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5121
0
translation_chunk
According to statistical findings, it has been demonstrated that the level of protection of intellectual property rights
5121
1
translation_chunk
is inversely proportional to the negative impact it can have on investment decisions among various influencing factors.
{}
{}
pos-11258
1
positive
sentence_translation
5122
null
sentence
특히 화학, 의약, 기계, 전기 장비와 같은 기술집약적인 산업에서의 외국인직접투자를 통한 기술이전 동기를 저하시킨다는 연구 결과를 제시하였다.
5122
null
translation
The research findings presented that foreign direct investment in technology-intensive industries such as chemistry, medicine, machinery, and electric equipment reduces the motivation for technology transfer.
{}
{}
pos-11259
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5122
0
translation_chunk
The research findings presented that foreign direct investment in technology-intensive industries such
5122
1
translation_chunk
as chemistry, medicine, machinery, and electric equipment reduces the motivation for technology transfer.
{}
{}
pos-11260
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5123
0
sentence_chunk
성장기회는 레버리지에 음의 영향을 미치며, 성장기회와 부채만기간의 상호작용변수도 레버리지에 음 의 영향을 미치는데,
5123
1
sentence_chunk
이는 부채만기 단축이 성장기회가 레버리지 비율에 미치는 음의 영향, 즉 과소투자 문제를 완화시킴을 의미한다.
{}
{}
pos-11261
1
positive
sentence_translation
5123
null
sentence
성장기회는 레버리지에 음의 영향을 미치며, 성장기회와 부채만기간의 상호작용변수도 레버리지에 음 의 영향을 미치는데, 이는 부채만기 단축이 성장기회가 레버리지 비율에 미치는 음의 영향, 즉 과소투자 문제를 완화시킴을 의미한다.
5123
null
translation
Growth opportunities have a negative impact on leverage, and the interaction variable between growth opportunities and debt maturity also has a negative impact on leverage, and this means that shortening debt maturity alleviates the problem of underinvestment by reducing the negative effect of growth opportunities on t...
{}
{}
pos-11262
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5123
0
translation_chunk
Growth opportunities have a negative impact on leverage, and the interaction variable between growth opportunities
5123
1
translation_chunk
and debt maturity also has a negative impact on leverage, and this means that shortening debt maturity alleviates
{}
{}
pos-11263
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5123
0
translation_chunk
Growth opportunities have a negative impact on leverage, and the interaction variable between growth opportunities
5123
2
translation_chunk
the problem of underinvestment by reducing the negative effect of growth opportunities on the leverage ratio.
{}
{}
pos-11264
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5123
1
translation_chunk
and debt maturity also has a negative impact on leverage, and this means that shortening debt maturity alleviates
5123
2
translation_chunk
the problem of underinvestment by reducing the negative effect of growth opportunities on the leverage ratio.
{}
{}
pos-11265
1
positive
sentence_translation
5124
null
sentence
즉, 부채만기를 단축시 켜 단기부채의 비중을 증가시키면, 유동성위험이 증가하여 파산비용이 증가하 고 부채수용력이 약화되어 레버리지가 감소한다.
5124
null
translation
In other words, if the debt maturity is shortened and the proportion of short-term debt is increased, it will lead to an increase in liquidity risk, resulting in higher bankruptcy costs and a weakened debt capacity, ultimately reducing leverage.
{}
{}
pos-11266
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5124
0
translation_chunk
In other words, if the debt maturity is shortened and the proportion of short-term debt is increased, it will lead to an
5124
1
translation_chunk
increase in liquidity risk, resulting in higher bankruptcy costs and a weakened debt capacity, ultimately reducing leverage.
{}
{}
pos-11267
1
positive
sentence_translation
5125
null
sentence
한편, 미국 등 주요 선진국의 양적완화 정책은 재정정책의 경기부양 여력이 고갈된 상황하에서 글로벌 경기가 추락하는 것을 억제하였다.
5125
null
translation
Meanwhile, the quantitative easing policies implemented by major advanced countries like the United States prevented the global economy from plummeting amidst the depletion of fiscal policy's capacity to stimulate economic growth.
{}
{}
pos-11268
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5125
0
translation_chunk
Meanwhile, the quantitative easing policies implemented by major advanced countries like the United States prevented
5125
1
translation_chunk
the global economy from plummeting amidst the depletion of fiscal policy's capacity to stimulate economic growth.
{}
{}
pos-11269
1
positive
sentence_translation
5126
null
sentence
신용도가 낮은 기업은 유동성위험 증가 효과가 과소투자 완화효과보다 더 크기 때문에 부채만기 단축이 레버리지에 미치는 순효 과는 음이 된다.
5126
null
translation
For companies with low creditworthiness, shortening debt maturity has a negative impact on leverage, as the increase in liquidity risk outweighs the easing of underinvestment.
{}
{}
pos-11270
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5126
0
translation_chunk
For companies with low creditworthiness, shortening debt maturity has a negative impact
5126
1
translation_chunk
on leverage, as the increase in liquidity risk outweighs the easing of underinvestment.
{}
{}
pos-11271
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5127
0
sentence_chunk
이 상호작용변수는 부채만기를 조건부로 성장기회가 레버리지에 미치는 음의 영향, 즉 과소투자
5127
1
sentence_chunk
문제를 측정하며, 부채만기 단축이 과소투 자 문제를 완화시킨다는 가설을 검정하는데 사용된다.
{}
{}
pos-11272
1
positive
sentence_translation
5127
null
sentence
이 상호작용변수는 부채만기를 조건부로 성장기회가 레버리지에 미치는 음의 영향, 즉 과소투자 문제를 측정하며, 부채만기 단축이 과소투 자 문제를 완화시킨다는 가설을 검정하는데 사용된다.
5127
null
translation
This interaction variable is used to measure the negative impact of growth opportunities on leverage on debt maturity on condition of debt maturity, that is, the problem of underinvestment, and to test the hypothesis that shortening debt maturity alleviates the problem of underinvestment.
{}
{}
pos-11273
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5127
0
translation_chunk
This interaction variable is used to measure the negative impact of growth opportunities on leverage on debt maturity on condition of debt maturity,
5127
1
translation_chunk
that is, the problem of underinvestment, and to test the hypothesis that shortening debt maturity alleviates the problem of underinvestment.
{}
{}
pos-11274
1
positive
sentence_translation
5128
null
sentence
이러한 분석을 위해, 레버리지와 부채만기에 관한 연립방정식 모형을 설정한다.
5128
null
translation
For this analysis, we establish a system of equations for leverage and debt maturity.
{}
{}
pos-11275
1
positive
sentence_translation
5129
null
sentence
앞서 기술한 할인율 논쟁을 확률할인요인 모형의 관점에서 다시 서술하면 다음과 같다.
5129
null
translation
Rewriting the discount rate debate from the perspective of the probability discount factor model is as follows, while retaining the "." at the end.
{}
{}
pos-11276
1
positive
sentence_translation
5130
null
sentence
할인율은 위 식에서 계산된 현재가치가 미래가치에 비해 비교적 높은지, 비교적 낮은지을 표현하는데 도움을 줄 뿐이다.
5130
null
translation
The discount rate merely assists in determining whether the present value computed in the above equation is comparatively high or low in relation to the future value.
{}
{}
pos-11277
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5130
0
translation_chunk
The discount rate merely assists in determining whether the present value computed
5130
1
translation_chunk
in the above equation is comparatively high or low in relation to the future value.
{}
{}
pos-11278
1
positive
sentence_translation
5131
null
sentence
확률할인요인 모형의 기본식이 보여 주듯 적정 할인율을 정하기 위해서 는 현재가치를 알고 있어야 한다.
5131
null
translation
As the fundamental formula of the probability discount factor model indicates, to ascertain a suitable discount rate, one must possess knowledge of the present value.
{}
{}
pos-11279
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5131
0
translation_chunk
As the fundamental formula of the probability discount factor model indicates, to
5131
1
translation_chunk
ascertain a suitable discount rate, one must possess knowledge of the present value.
{}
{}
pos-11280
1
positive
sentence_translation
5132
null
sentence
본 절에서는 기업의 투자수준문제와 유동성위험 기업의 부채만기구조와 레버리지간의 상호관계를 실증적으로 분석한다.
5132
null
translation
This section empirically examines the relationship between the investment level issue of a company and the debt maturity structure and leverage of a liquidity risk company.
{}
{}
pos-11281
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5132
0
translation_chunk
This section empirically examines the relationship between the investment level issue
5132
1
translation_chunk
of a company and the debt maturity structure and leverage of a liquidity risk company.
{}
{}
pos-11282
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5133
0
sentence_chunk
즉, 부채만기 단축이 성장기회와 레버리지간의 음의 관계, 즉 과소투자 문제를 완화시키는가, 부채만기 단축이 유동성위험을
5133
1
sentence_chunk
증가시키는가, 그리고 부채만기와 레버리지는 과소투자 문제를 완화시키기 위한 대체수단이 될 수 있는 가를 분석한다.
{}
{}
pos-11283
1
positive
sentence_translation
5133
null
sentence
즉, 부채만기 단축이 성장기회와 레버리지간의 음의 관계, 즉 과소투자 문제를 완화시키는가, 부채만기 단축이 유동성위험을 증가시키는가, 그리고 부채만기와 레버리지는 과소투자 문제를 완화시키기 위한 대체수단이 될 수 있는 가를 분석한다.
5133
null
translation
In other words, it analyzes whether the reduction in debt maturity alleviates the negative relationship between growth opportunity and leverage, that is, the problem of underinvestment, whether the reduction in debt maturity increases liquidity risk, and whether debt maturity and leverage can be alternative means to al...
{}
{}
pos-11284
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5133
0
translation_chunk
In other words, it analyzes whether the reduction in debt maturity alleviates the negative relationship between growth
5133
1
translation_chunk
opportunity and leverage, that is, the problem of underinvestment, whether the reduction in debt maturity increases
{}
{}
pos-11285
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5133
0
translation_chunk
In other words, it analyzes whether the reduction in debt maturity alleviates the negative relationship between growth
5133
2
translation_chunk
liquidity risk, and whether debt maturity and leverage can be alternative means to alleviate the problem of underinvestment.
{}
{}
pos-11286
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5133
1
translation_chunk
opportunity and leverage, that is, the problem of underinvestment, whether the reduction in debt maturity increases
5133
2
translation_chunk
liquidity risk, and whether debt maturity and leverage can be alternative means to alleviate the problem of underinvestment.
{}
{}
pos-11287
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5134
0
sentence_chunk
2007년 미국의 서브파라임 모기지 시장에서 발생된 금융위기가 한국의 외환 및 금융위기로 파급되면서, 국제적
5134
1
sentence_chunk
전염에 대한 논의가 ‘선진국-> 선진국 그리고 선진국-> 중진국.후진국’의 국제적 전염형태로 인식하게 되었다.
{}
{}
pos-11288
1
positive
sentence_translation
5134
null
sentence
2007년 미국의 서브파라임 모기지 시장에서 발생된 금융위기가 한국의 외환 및 금융위기로 파급되면서, 국제적 전염에 대한 논의가 ‘선진국-> 선진국 그리고 선진국-> 중진국.후진국’의 국제적 전염형태로 인식하게 되었다.
5134
null
translation
The financial crisis that originated in the U.S. subprime mortgage market in 2007 had a ripple effect on Korea's foreign exchange and financial crisis, leading to the recognition of discussions on international contagion as a form of "developed countries -> developed countries and developed countries -> middle-develope...
{}
{}
pos-11289
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5134
0
translation_chunk
The financial crisis that originated in the U.S. subprime mortgage market in 2007 had a ripple effect on Korea's foreign
5134
1
translation_chunk
exchange and financial crisis, leading to the recognition of discussions on international contagion as a form of "developed
{}
{}
pos-11290
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5134
0
translation_chunk
The financial crisis that originated in the U.S. subprime mortgage market in 2007 had a ripple effect on Korea's foreign
5134
2
translation_chunk
countries -> developed countries and developed countries -> middle-developed countries and underdeveloped countries."
{}
{}
pos-11291
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5134
1
translation_chunk
exchange and financial crisis, leading to the recognition of discussions on international contagion as a form of "developed
5134
2
translation_chunk
countries -> developed countries and developed countries -> middle-developed countries and underdeveloped countries."
{}
{}
pos-11292
1
positive
sentence_translation
5135
null
sentence
금융위기 및 외환위기는 그 동안 ‘중진국 및 후진국’의 사건으로 폄하되었다.
5135
null
translation
The financial crisis and the foreign exchange crisis have been belittled as incidents of "middle-developed and underdeveloped countries".
{}
{}
pos-11293
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5136
0
sentence_chunk
자본유입 과정에서 자연 헷징이 되지 않은 거래, 즉 금융기관이 국내 대출이나
5136
1
sentence_chunk
국내 투 자를 위해 이용하게 되는 해외 차입거래는 외환 상환부담을 주게 된다.
{}
{}
pos-11294
1
positive
sentence_translation
5136
null
sentence
자본유입 과정에서 자연 헷징이 되지 않은 거래, 즉 금융기관이 국내 대출이나 국내 투 자를 위해 이용하게 되는 해외 차입거래는 외환 상환부담을 주게 된다.
5136
null
translation
Overseas borrowing transactions that financial institutions utilize for domestic loans or domestic investments, which are not naturally hedged in the process of capital inflow, impose a burden of foreign exchange repayment.
{}
{}
pos-11295
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5136
0
translation_chunk
Overseas borrowing transactions that financial institutions utilize for domestic loans or domestic investments,
5136
1
translation_chunk
which are not naturally hedged in the process of capital inflow, impose a burden of foreign exchange repayment.
{}
{}
pos-11296
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
5137
0
sentence_chunk
송준협은 1998년부터 2004년까지 국내 에 상장된 340개 기업-년 수를 대상으로 소유구조와
5137
1
sentence_chunk
부채만기간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 소유집중도는 부채만기에 음의 영향을 미친다고 하였다.
{}
{}
pos-11297
1
positive
sentence_translation
5137
null
sentence
송준협은 1998년부터 2004년까지 국내 에 상장된 340개 기업-년 수를 대상으로 소유구조와 부채만기간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 소유집중도는 부채만기에 음의 영향을 미친다고 하였다.
5137
null
translation
Song Jun-hyup examined the correlation between ownership structure and debt maturity for 340 companies listed in Korea from 1998 to 2004, and discovered that ownership concentration adversely impacted debt maturity.
{}
{}
pos-11298
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
5137
0
translation_chunk
Song Jun-hyup examined the correlation between ownership structure and debt maturity for 340 companies listed
5137
1
translation_chunk
in Korea from 1998 to 2004, and discovered that ownership concentration adversely impacted debt maturity.
{}
{}
pos-11299
1
positive
sentence_translation
5138
null
sentence
신용등급 을 보유한 기업은 과소투자 완화효과가 유동성위험 증가효과보다 더 크기 때문에 부채만 기 단축이 레버리지에 미치는 순효과는 양이 된다.
5138
null
translation
For companies with credit ratings, the overall impact of reducing debt alone on leverage is favorable because the influence of alleviating underinvestment outweighs the influence of heightening liquidity risk.
{}
{}