pair_id
string
label
int64
pair_type
string
pair_subtype
string
a_doc_id
string
a_snippet_id
int64
a_text_type
string
a_text
string
b_doc_id
string
b_snippet_id
int64
b_text_type
string
b_text
string
a_metadata
unknown
b_metadata
unknown
pos-4000
1
positive
sentence_translation
1829
null
sentence
์ œ โ…ข์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ ฅ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ์ด์ „๊ณผ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค.
1829
null
translation
Chapter โ…ข presents an empirical analysis framework that can examine whether East Asian countries' investment in the US is excessive through a gravity model, dividing it into before and after the global financial crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4001
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1829
0
translation_chunk
Chapter โ…ข presents an empirical analysis framework that can examine whether East Asian countries' investment
1829
1
translation_chunk
in the US is excessive through a gravity model, dividing it into before and after the global financial crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4002
1
positive
sentence_translation
1830
null
sentence
๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๋Š” ์€ํ–‰์˜ z-score๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด ๋„์‚ฐ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
1830
null
translation
Looking at the results of the model, it was found that in general, the loan expansion increases the bankruptcy risk by lowering the bank's z-score.
{}
{}
pos-4003
1
positive
sentence_translation
1831
null
sentence
๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ผ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์€ํ–‰์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1831
null
translation
When used as a variable, we analyze how the loan expansion affects the risk of banks.
{}
{}
pos-4004
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1832
0
sentence_chunk
ํ•œํŽธ ๊ณผ์ž‰๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๋Š” z-score ์ฆ‰ ๋„์‚ฐ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€
1832
1
sentence_chunk
์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” z-score๋ฅผ ๋†’์—ฌ ๋„์‚ฐ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4005
1
positive
sentence_translation
1832
null
sentence
ํ•œํŽธ ๊ณผ์ž‰๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๋Š” z-score ์ฆ‰ ๋„์‚ฐ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” z-score๋ฅผ ๋†’์—ฌ ๋„์‚ฐ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
1832
null
translation
Meanwhile, looking at the model with the addition of the excess loan expansion variable, it was confirmed that normal loan expansion did not significantly affect the z-score, that is, the bankruptcy risk. Whereas in the case of excessive loan expansion, it increased z-score, which significantly adversely affects the ba...
{}
{}
pos-4006
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1832
0
translation_chunk
Meanwhile, looking at the model with the addition of the excess loan expansion variable, it was confirmed that
1832
1
translation_chunk
normal loan expansion did not significantly affect the z-score, that is, the bankruptcy risk. Whereas in the case
{}
{}
pos-4007
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1832
0
translation_chunk
Meanwhile, looking at the model with the addition of the excess loan expansion variable, it was confirmed that
1832
2
translation_chunk
of excessive loan expansion, it increased z-score, which significantly adversely affects the bankruptcy risk.
{}
{}
pos-4008
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1832
1
translation_chunk
normal loan expansion did not significantly affect the z-score, that is, the bankruptcy risk. Whereas in the case
1832
2
translation_chunk
of excessive loan expansion, it increased z-score, which significantly adversely affects the bankruptcy risk.
{}
{}
pos-4009
1
positive
sentence_translation
1833
null
sentence
์ฝ”์Šคํ”ผ์™€ ์›/๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌํ™˜์œจ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์œ„๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์œ„๊ธฐ ์ด์ „ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ดํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฌ๋‹ค.
1833
null
translation
The response of the KOSPI and the won/dollar exchange rate is especially large and significant during the crisis period and much larger in the subsequent period than in the previous period of crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4010
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1833
0
translation_chunk
The response of the KOSPI and the won/dollar exchange rate is especially large and significant during
1833
1
translation_chunk
the crisis period and much larger in the subsequent period than in the previous period of crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4011
1
positive
sentence_translation
1834
null
sentence
ํ•œํŽธ ๋‹ค์šฐ์กด์Šค์ง€์ˆ˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ฝ”์Šคํ”ผ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์šฐ์กด์Šค์ง€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€ ์›/๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌํ™˜์œจ์— ๋” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1834
null
translation
Meanwhile, compared to the Dow Jones Index shock, it can be seen that it has a greater impact on the won/dollar exchange rate than the KOSPI.
{}
{}
pos-4012
1
positive
sentence_translation
1835
null
sentence
๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ์ด์ „๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋ณธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์กฐํ™” ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์กฐํ™”๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ปค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
1835
null
translation
In contrast to the period before the global financial crisis, it has been observed that the level of coordination with Japan has become greater than that with the United States.
{}
{}
pos-4013
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1835
0
translation_chunk
In contrast to the period before the global financial crisis, it has been observed that
1835
1
translation_chunk
the level of coordination with Japan has become greater than that with the United States.
{}
{}
pos-4014
1
positive
sentence_translation
1836
null
sentence
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋งŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ 0.071๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์•˜๋‹ค.
1836
null
translation
Finally, examining the estimates for the period after the global financial crisis, the estimate for Taiwan was the lowest at 0.071.
{}
{}
pos-4015
1
positive
sentence_translation
1837
null
sentence
๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋™์กฐํ™”๋Š” ์•ฝํ™”๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.
1837
null
translation
However, Korea's alignment with the United States and Europe appears to have diminished.
{}
{}
pos-4016
1
positive
sentence_translation
1838
null
sentence
์ฆ‰, ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์กฐํ™”๊ฐ€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์กฐํ™”๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ปค์กŒ๋‹ค.
1838
null
translation
In other words, the synchronization with the United States has become greater than that with Europe after the global financial crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4017
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1839
0
sentence_chunk
์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ƒ์—…์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์—…์˜ ์‹ฌํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ž‘์—… ์ข…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ
1839
1
sentence_chunk
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ ฅ, ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ, ์ •์‹ ์  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋‘”ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4018
1
positive
sentence_translation
1839
null
sentence
์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ƒ์—…์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์—…์˜ ์‹ฌํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ž‘์—… ์ข…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ ฅ, ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ, ์ •์‹ ์  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋‘”ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.
1839
null
translation
According to Smith, most workers suffer from a slow-moving in understanding, judgment, and mental abilities due to simple work caused by the deepening of the division of labor in the commercial society stage.
{}
{}
pos-4019
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1839
0
translation_chunk
According to Smith, most workers suffer from a slow-moving in understanding, judgment, and mental abilities
1839
1
translation_chunk
due to simple work caused by the deepening of the division of labor in the commercial society stage.
{}
{}
pos-4020
1
positive
sentence_translation
1840
null
sentence
์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜ ์ดํ›„ 1770๋…„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ์†Œ์œ„ โ€œ์ฆ๋ฅ˜์ฃผ ์—ดํ’โ€์ด ์ „๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
1840
null
translation
In the UK, from the early to mid 18th century to the 1770s, the so-called "Spirits Craze" took place.
{}
{}
pos-4021
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1841
0
sentence_chunk
์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๋…์ฃผ์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ธต์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ธต๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋™์ž์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ทœ์œจ์˜ ์ •์ฐฉ ์—†์ด ์ €๋ ดํ•œ
1841
1
sentence_chunk
์ฆ๋ฅ˜์ฃผ ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋งˆ์•ฝ์ค‘๋…๊ณผ ๋ฒ„๊ธˆ๊ฐˆ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4022
1
positive
sentence_translation
1841
null
sentence
์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๋…์ฃผ์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ธต์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ธต๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋™์ž์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ทœ์œจ์˜ ์ •์ฐฉ ์—†์ด ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ฆ๋ฅ˜์ฃผ ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋งˆ์•ฝ์ค‘๋…๊ณผ ๋ฒ„๊ธˆ๊ฐˆ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
1841
null
translation
Most of the sole consumers of such hard liquor were the poor and workers. The rapid increase in the consumption of cheap spirits without the establishment of liquor culture or discipline raised social concerns, which was second only to drug addiction in modern Europe.
{}
{}
pos-4023
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1841
0
translation_chunk
Most of the sole consumers of such hard liquor were the poor and workers. The rapid increase in the consumption of cheap spirits without
1841
1
translation_chunk
the establishment of liquor culture or discipline raised social concerns, which was second only to drug addiction in modern Europe.
{}
{}
pos-4024
1
positive
sentence_translation
1842
null
sentence
ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์‘๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ฒด์งˆ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1842
null
translation
Management and response measures for exchange risks can be divided into measures that focus on currency risk management and measures that focus on improving the constitution of a company.
{}
{}
pos-4025
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1842
0
translation_chunk
Management and response measures for exchange risks can be divided into measures that focus on
1842
1
translation_chunk
currency risk management and measures that focus on improving the constitution of a company.
{}
{}
pos-4026
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1843
0
sentence_chunk
ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ํ˜„๊ธˆํ๋ฆ„์— ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„
1843
1
sentence_chunk
๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ—ค์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ ๋กœ ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4027
1
positive
sentence_translation
1843
null
sentence
ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ํ˜„๊ธˆํ๋ฆ„์— ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ—ค์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ ๋กœ ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1843
null
translation
Since foreign exchange risks increase uncertainty regarding earnings of companies and negatively affect cash flows, managing foreign exchange risk through hedges is becoming increasingly important.
{}
{}
pos-4028
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1843
0
translation_chunk
Since foreign exchange risks increase uncertainty regarding earnings of companies and negatively
1843
1
translation_chunk
affect cash flows, managing foreign exchange risk through hedges is becoming increasingly important.
{}
{}
pos-4029
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1844
0
sentence_chunk
ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ž์‚ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ฑ„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ˜„๊ธˆํ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ
1844
1
sentence_chunk
๋ณ€๋™์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๋Œ€์‘๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4030
1
positive
sentence_translation
1844
null
sentence
ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ž์‚ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ฑ„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ˜„๊ธˆํ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๋Œ€์‘๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ์ด๋‹ค.
1844
null
translation
Foreign exchange risks not only affect companies' assets or liabilities, but also cause changes in the their profitability, such as changes in cash flow. Therefore, a close analysis of the company's response to foreign exchange risk is a very important task.
{}
{}
pos-4031
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1844
0
translation_chunk
Foreign exchange risks not only affect companies' assets or liabilities, but also cause changes in the their profitability, such
1844
1
translation_chunk
as changes in cash flow. Therefore, a close analysis of the company's response to foreign exchange risk is a very important task.
{}
{}
pos-4032
1
positive
sentence_translation
1845
null
sentence
์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌํƒ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์ ์ •๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ž๋ณธ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋ ฅ๋ชจํ˜•์‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹ค์ฆ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1845
null
translation
The empirical analysis using the gravity model was conducted to see if the US is investing more than the optimum scale of capital compared to other countries in the world.
{}
{}
pos-4033
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1845
0
translation_chunk
The empirical analysis using the gravity model was conducted to see if the US is investing
1845
1
translation_chunk
more than the optimum scale of capital compared to other countries in the world.
{}
{}
pos-4034
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1846
0
sentence_chunk
์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ์ž๋ณธ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋“์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ผ์ธ๋‹น ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์†Œ๋“์„
1846
1
sentence_chunk
ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฐœ ๋ฐฉ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์ถ”์ • ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4035
1
positive
sentence_translation
1846
null
sentence
์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ์ž๋ณธ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋“์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ผ์ธ๋‹น ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์†Œ๋“์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํšŒ๊ท€์‹์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฐœ ๋ฐฉ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋‹ค์ถ”์ • ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
1846
null
translation
This is because the degree of opening of each country's capital market is closely related to the level of income, in a regression equation that does not include per capita national income, variables representing the degree of opening of the capital market may be overestimated.
{}
{}
pos-4036
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1846
0
translation_chunk
This is because the degree of opening of each country's capital market is closely related to the level of income, in a regression equation
1846
1
translation_chunk
that does not include per capita national income, variables representing the degree of opening of the capital market may be overestimated.
{}
{}
pos-4037
1
positive
sentence_translation
1847
null
sentence
ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ ฅ๋ชจํ˜•์‹์— ์„ค๋ช…๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” GDP๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ผ์ธ ๋‹น GDP๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
1847
null
translation
In particular, in this study, GDP, which is generally included as an explanatory variable in the gravity model, is divided into GDP per capita and per population.
{}
{}
pos-4038
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1847
0
translation_chunk
In particular, in this study, GDP, which is generally included as an explanatory
1847
1
translation_chunk
variable in the gravity model, is divided into GDP per capita and per population.
{}
{}
pos-4039
1
positive
sentence_translation
1848
null
sentence
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์งˆ์ฃผํƒ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ํญ์˜ ์ฃผ์š”๋„์‹œ๋ณ„ ํŽธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‡„๋๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1848
null
translation
It can be seen that the reason why Korea had less change in real housing prices on average compared to the US was because the large deviation by major cities was offset.
{}
{}
pos-4040
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1848
0
translation_chunk
It can be seen that the reason why Korea had less change in real housing prices on
1848
1
translation_chunk
average compared to the US was because the large deviation by major cities was offset.
{}
{}
pos-4041
1
positive
sentence_translation
1849
null
sentence
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋“ฑ๋ฝ์ด ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
1849
null
translation
More studies are needed on why Korea has such ups and downs by region.
{}
{}
pos-4042
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1850
0
sentence_chunk
์ฆ‰ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ณผ์—ด ํ›„ ๊ธ‰๋žญ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ 
1850
1
sentence_chunk
์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ์ฃผํƒ๊ธˆ์œต๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4043
1
positive
sentence_translation
1850
null
sentence
์ฆ‰ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ณผ์—ด ํ›„ ๊ธ‰๋žญ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ์ฃผํƒ๊ธˆ์œต๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
1850
null
translation
Put another way, by region, the real estate market in the Seoul metropolitan area is showing signs of rapid cooling after overheating, thus Korea is also showing the nature of the financial crisis related to housing finance.
{}
{}
pos-4044
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1850
0
translation_chunk
Put another way, by region, the real estate market in the Seoul metropolitan area is showing signs of rapid cooling
1850
1
translation_chunk
after overheating, thus Korea is also showing the nature of the financial crisis related to housing finance.
{}
{}
pos-4045
1
positive
sentence_translation
1851
null
sentence
์‹œ์žฅ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค.
1851
null
translation
It is impossible to make a profit using external macro information known to all players.
{}
{}
pos-4046
1
positive
sentence_translation
1852
null
sentence
์‹œ์žฅํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  ํšจ์œจ์  ์‹œ์žฅ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์ •๋ณด์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ธˆ์œต์ž์‚ฐ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ๋‹ค.
1852
null
translation
Implications for Market Efficiency According to the efficient market theory, if the market is efficient, the effect of external macro information is already reflected in the prices or returns of financial assets.
{}
{}
pos-4047
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1852
0
translation_chunk
Implications for Market Efficiency According to the efficient market theory, if the market is efficient,
1852
1
translation_chunk
the effect of external macro information is already reflected in the prices or returns of financial assets.
{}
{}
pos-4048
1
positive
sentence_translation
1853
null
sentence
ํ†ตํ™”์ •์ฑ… ๋ฐœํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ข…๊ฐ€์—๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ •๋ณดํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
1853
null
translation
This is because the monetary policy announcement no longer has the information effect at the closing price.
{}
{}
pos-4049
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1854
0
sentence_chunk
์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ™˜์œจ๋ณ€๋™์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ’ˆ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ฐ™์€
1854
1
sentence_chunk
๋น„๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ณผ๋Œ€ ์ถ”์ •๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4050
1
positive
sentence_translation
1854
null
sentence
์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ™˜์œจ๋ณ€๋™์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ’ˆ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ณผ๋Œ€ ์ถ”์ •๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
1854
null
translation
Although the variable that has the greatest influence on export elasticity is price variables including exchange rate fluctuations, the possibility that export elasticity has been overestimated cannot be ruled out because it is also affected by non-price variables such as quality and design.
{}
{}
pos-4051
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1854
0
translation_chunk
Although the variable that has the greatest influence on export elasticity is price variables including exchange rate fluctuations, the possibility
1854
1
translation_chunk
that export elasticity has been overestimated cannot be ruled out because it is also affected by non-price variables such as quality and design.
{}
{}
pos-4052
1
positive
sentence_translation
1855
null
sentence
์ง๊ด€์  ํŒ๋‹จ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‘ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ ํƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด Hausman ๊ฒ€์ •์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1855
null
translation
The Hausman test was carried out for selection between the two models with intuitive judgment.
{}
{}
pos-4053
1
positive
sentence_translation
1856
null
sentence
์—ฌํƒ€ ๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ๊ตญ ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ฑ„๊ถŒ ํˆฌ์ž์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ํฌ์ง€์…˜์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ณธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์ด๋‹ค.
1856
null
translation
Although other East Asian countries are also showing positive positions in investing in long-term bonds in the US, they are very small in size compared to China and Japan.
{}
{}
pos-4054
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1856
0
translation_chunk
Although other East Asian countries are also showing positive positions in investing
1856
1
translation_chunk
in long-term bonds in the US, they are very small in size compared to China and Japan.
{}
{}
pos-4055
1
positive
sentence_translation
1857
null
sentence
ํฌ์ง€์…˜์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ฃผ์‹ํˆฌ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1857
null
translation
Looking at the position, we can see the opposite phenomenon from the case of stock investment.
{}
{}
pos-4056
1
positive
sentence_translation
1858
null
sentence
ํ•œํŽธ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 1์ฒœ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ํฌ์ง€์…˜์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1858
null
translation
Meanwhile, Korea is in a positive position of USD 100 billion.
{}
{}
pos-4057
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1859
0
sentence_chunk
์•„๋ž˜ <Table 4>์€ ์ „์ฒด๊ธฐ์—…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ 14๊ฐœ ์—…์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ—ค์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”
1859
1
sentence_chunk
๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ—ค์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4058
1
positive
sentence_translation
1859
null
sentence
์•„๋ž˜ <Table 4>์€ ์ „์ฒด๊ธฐ์—…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ 14๊ฐœ ์—…์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ—ค์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ—ค์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค.
1859
null
translation
<Table 4> below is the result of comparing export elasticity for all companies, assuming perfect hedge cases for 14 industries and non-hedge cases.
{}
{}
pos-4059
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1860
0
sentence_chunk
์™„์ „ ํ—ค์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—…์ข…์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ž‘์•„์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ ํŠนํžˆ, ๊ฒฝ๊ณต์—…ํ’ˆ,
1860
1
sentence_chunk
์„ฌ์œ ์‚ฌโ€ค์ง๋ฌผโ€ค์˜๋ฅ˜, ์ข…์ด ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋ฅ˜, ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅ˜ ์—…์ข…์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ฝํญ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4060
1
positive
sentence_translation
1860
null
sentence
์™„์ „ ํ—ค์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—…์ข…์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ž‘์•„์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ ํŠนํžˆ, ๊ฒฝ๊ณต์—…ํ’ˆ, ์„ฌ์œ ์‚ฌโ€ค์ง๋ฌผโ€ค์˜๋ฅ˜, ์ข…์ด ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋ฅ˜, ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅ˜ ์—…์ข…์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ฝํญ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
1860
null
translation
In the case of a perfect hedge, export elasticity decreases in almost all industries. Especially, it dropped largely in light industry products, textile companies, textiles, clothing, paper and wood, and machinery sectors.
{}
{}
pos-4061
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1860
0
translation_chunk
In the case of a perfect hedge, export elasticity decreases in almost all industries. Especially, it dropped
1860
1
translation_chunk
largely in light industry products, textile companies, textiles, clothing, paper and wood, and machinery sectors.
{}
{}
pos-4062
1
positive
sentence_translation
1861
null
sentence
2008๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž ์‹œ ๊ฐ€๋ผ์•‰๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ 2012๋…„ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ์ ํ™” ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•๊ตญ์ด๋‹ค.
1861
null
translation
The global financial crisis, which originated in the United States in 2008, appeared to temporarily subside before resurfacing due to the 2012 European financial crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4063
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1861
0
translation_chunk
The global financial crisis, which originated in the United States in 2008, appeared
1861
1
translation_chunk
to temporarily subside before resurfacing due to the 2012 European financial crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4064
1
positive
sentence_translation
1862
null
sentence
๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
1862
null
translation
Many scholars acknowledge the connection between global imbalances and the global financial crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4065
1
positive
sentence_translation
1863
null
sentence
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ก ๋„ ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค.
1863
null
translation
There are also counterarguments being raised against the claim that these global imbalances are the cause of the global financial crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4066
1
positive
sentence_translation
1864
null
sentence
๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€์ง€๋ถ„์œจ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฌด๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—… ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ค‘๊ฒฌโ€ค์ค‘์†Œ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๋‹น๋œ๋‹ค.
1864
null
translation
Companies with a significant stake in financial institutions typically refer to large corporations with strong financial structures or certain mid-sized and small-sized businesses.
{}
{}
pos-4067
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1864
0
translation_chunk
Companies with a significant stake in financial institutions typically refer to large
1864
1
translation_chunk
corporations with strong financial structures or certain mid-sized and small-sized businesses.
{}
{}
pos-4068
1
positive
sentence_translation
1865
null
sentence
๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข€ ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.
1865
null
translation
This study aims to perform a wider range of analyses by utilizing several characteristics presented in previous studies.
{}
{}
pos-4069
1
positive
sentence_translation
1866
null
sentence
์ด๋“ค ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์šฐ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฌด๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ˆ˜์ถœ๊ธฐ์—…์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์ด์œคํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜ ์ถ•์†Œ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ ๊ทน์ ์ด๋‹ค.
1866
null
translation
If these companies are exporters with a strong financial structure, they are highly proactive in minimizing exchange risk to ensure stable profitability.
{}
{}
pos-4070
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1867
0
sentence_chunk
์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†’์€ ์ง€๋ถ„๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์œต์ƒํ’ˆ์„
1867
1
sentence_chunk
๊ตฌ๋งค ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4071
1
positive
sentence_translation
1867
null
sentence
์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†’์€ ์ง€๋ถ„๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์œต์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ๋งค ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค.
1867
null
translation
Due to their high equity structure, they are more likely to have purchased or subscribed to a variety of financial products compared to companies with a different ownership structure, and are inevitably susceptible to such demands from financial institutions.
{}
{}
pos-4072
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1867
0
translation_chunk
Due to their high equity structure, they are more likely to have purchased or subscribed to a variety of financial products compared
1867
1
translation_chunk
to companies with a different ownership structure, and are inevitably susceptible to such demands from financial institutions.
{}
{}
pos-4073
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1868
0
sentence_chunk
๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š”
1868
1
sentence_chunk
๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์›์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด์†Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4074
1
positive
sentence_translation
1868
null
sentence
๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์›์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด์†Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜• ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1868
null
translation
On the contrary, another group of scholars argue that the current global imbalance will inevitably continue without addressing the more fundamental causes of this balance, as global imbalances are indicative of a balanced state.
{}
{}
pos-4075
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1868
0
translation_chunk
On the contrary, another group of scholars argue that the current global imbalance will inevitably continue without
1868
1
translation_chunk
addressing the more fundamental causes of this balance, as global imbalances are indicative of a balanced state.
{}
{}
pos-4076
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1869
0
sentence_chunk
์ด๋“ค ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์—๋Š” GDP ๋Œ€๋น„ 10%๋ฅผ ์ƒํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋„์˜ ์ˆœํ•ด์™ธ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ž”์•ก๊ทœ๋ชจ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ ๋‚˜,
1869
1
sentence_chunk
2008๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ GDP ๋Œ€๋น„ 25%์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœํ•ด์™ธ์ฑ„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4077
1
positive
sentence_translation
1869
null
sentence
์ด๋“ค ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์—๋Š” GDP ๋Œ€๋น„ 10%๋ฅผ ์ƒํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋„์˜ ์ˆœํ•ด์™ธ์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ž”์•ก๊ทœ๋ชจ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ ๋‚˜, 2008๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ GDP ๋Œ€๋น„ 25%์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœํ•ด์™ธ์ฑ„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
1869
null
translation
According to these claims, the US showed a net overseas bond balance of more than 10% of GDP in the early 1980s. As of 2008, it has a net overseas debt of 25% of GDP, which is no longer sustainable.
{}
{}
pos-4078
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1869
0
translation_chunk
According to these claims, the US showed a net overseas bond balance of more than 10% of GDP in the
1869
1
translation_chunk
early 1980s. As of 2008, it has a net overseas debt of 25% of GDP, which is no longer sustainable.
{}
{}
pos-4079
1
positive
sentence_translation
1870
null
sentence
ํŠนํžˆ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜ ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
1870
null
translation
In particular, this study focuses on the fact that two arguments have been raised about the sustainability of the global imbalance.
{}
{}
pos-4080
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1871
0
sentence_chunk
๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ง€๋ถ„์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์—…์ข… ์ค‘ ์Œ์‹๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์ง์ ‘์†Œ๋น„์žฌ, ์ข…์ด ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋ฅ˜, ํ™”๊ณตํ’ˆ, ์ฒ ๊ฐ•์ œํ’ˆ์ด
1871
1
sentence_chunk
์™„์ „ ํ—ค์ง€์‹œ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ ํ•˜๋ฝํญ์ด ํฌ๋ฉฐ ์„์œ ์ œํ’ˆ, ์ •๋ฐ€๊ธฐ๊ธฐ, ๊ฐ€์ „์ œํ’ˆ, ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฝํญ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4081
1
positive
sentence_translation
1871
null
sentence
๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ง€๋ถ„์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์—…์ข… ์ค‘ ์Œ์‹๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์ง์ ‘์†Œ๋น„์žฌ, ์ข…์ด ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋ฅ˜, ํ™”๊ณตํ’ˆ, ์ฒ ๊ฐ•์ œํ’ˆ์ด ์™„์ „ ํ—ค์ง€์‹œ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ ํ•˜๋ฝํญ์ด ํฌ๋ฉฐ ์„์œ ์ œํ’ˆ, ์ •๋ฐ€๊ธฐ๊ธฐ, ๊ฐ€์ „์ œํ’ˆ, ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฝํญ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
1871
null
translation
Among industries with a low stake in financial institutions, the sectors of food and beverage, direct consumer goods, paper and wood, chemical and steel products experience a significant decline in export elasticity when fully hedged, while petroleum products, precision devices, home appliances, and information and com...
{}
{}
pos-4082
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1871
0
translation_chunk
Among industries with a low stake in financial institutions, the sectors of food and beverage, direct consumer goods, paper
1871
1
translation_chunk
and wood, chemical and steel products experience a significant decline in export elasticity when fully hedged, while
{}
{}
pos-4083
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1871
0
translation_chunk
Among industries with a low stake in financial institutions, the sectors of food and beverage, direct consumer goods, paper
1871
2
translation_chunk
petroleum products, precision devices, home appliances, and information and communication devices show a minimal decline.
{}
{}
pos-4084
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1871
1
translation_chunk
and wood, chemical and steel products experience a significant decline in export elasticity when fully hedged, while
1871
2
translation_chunk
petroleum products, precision devices, home appliances, and information and communication devices show a minimal decline.
{}
{}
pos-4085
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1872
0
sentence_chunk
๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ง€๋ถ„์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์—…์ข…์ด ํ—ค์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ—ค์ง€
1872
1
sentence_chunk
์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์น˜์™€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์—…์ข…์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4086
1
positive
sentence_translation
1872
null
sentence
๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ง€๋ถ„์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์—…์ข…์ด ํ—ค์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ—ค์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์น˜์™€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์—…์ข…์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
1872
null
translation
The results showed that export elasticity does not significantly differ from the export elasticity figures at the current hedge level, except for a few industries, when industries with a low stake in financial institutions do not engage in hedging.
{}
{}
pos-4087
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1872
0
translation_chunk
The results showed that export elasticity does not significantly differ from the export elasticity figures at the current
1872
1
translation_chunk
hedge level, except for a few industries, when industries with a low stake in financial institutions do not engage in hedging.
{}
{}
pos-4088
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1873
0
sentence_chunk
์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์—…์ข… ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ ๊ธฐ์—…๋ณ„๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ถœ๋น„์ค‘์ด
1873
1
sentence_chunk
์ƒ์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์—…๋ณ„ ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜ ๋Œ€์‘ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์ฒœ์ฐจ๋งŒ๋ณ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ธฐ์ธ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4089
1
positive
sentence_translation
1873
null
sentence
์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์—…์ข… ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ ๊ธฐ์—…๋ณ„๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ถœ๋น„์ค‘์ด ์ƒ์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์—…๋ณ„ ํ™˜์œ„ํ—˜ ๋Œ€์‘ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์ฒœ์ฐจ๋งŒ๋ณ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ธฐ์ธ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.
1873
null
translation
It is determined that these asymmetric changes in export elasticity are due to the varying proportions of exports by companies within the same industry and the diverse levels of exchange risk response by companies.
{}
{}
pos-4090
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1873
0
translation_chunk
It is determined that these asymmetric changes in export elasticity are due to the varying proportions of
1873
1
translation_chunk
exports by companies within the same industry and the diverse levels of exchange risk response by companies.
{}
{}
pos-4091
1
positive
sentence_translation
1874
null
sentence
๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ธ๋ถ„๋œ ์ž๋ณธ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
1874
null
translation
In this study, the subdivided type of capital above is used as a dependent variable.
{}
{}
pos-4092
1
positive
sentence_translation
1875
null
sentence
์ด ์ง€์ˆ˜ ์™€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ ์ž๋ณธ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์™€๋Š” ์—ญ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.
1875
null
translation
It is depended upon showing an inverse relationship between this index and capital transactions between countries.
{}
{}
pos-4093
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1876
0
sentence_chunk
์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” CEPII์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜
1876
1
sentence_chunk
์ธ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํฌ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ ์„  ํƒํ•œ ํ›„ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4094
1
positive
sentence_translation
1876
null
sentence
์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” CEPII์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํฌ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ ์„  ํƒํ•œ ํ›„ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค.
1876
null
translation
The geographical distance is the weighted average distance measured after selecting the center of each country, considering the population distribution of each country, not just the distance, through CEPII data.
{}
{}
pos-4095
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1876
0
translation_chunk
The geographical distance is the weighted average distance measured after selecting the center of each
1876
1
translation_chunk
country, considering the population distribution of each country, not just the distance, through CEPII data.
{}
{}
pos-4096
1
positive
sentence_translation
1877
null
sentence
์—…์ข…, ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํŽธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์ถœ์•ก ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์‚ฐ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.
1877
null
translation
Because the variation is large depending on the type of business and unique characteristics, it is common to standardize and use as sales or asset size.
{}
{}
pos-4097
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1878
0
sentence_chunk
์ด๋ฒˆ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ๊ธˆ์œต์˜ ๊ณผ์—ด๋กœ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„
1878
1
sentence_chunk
๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „ ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ํ†ตํ™”์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ ฅ์ด ๋” ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4098
1
positive
sentence_translation
1878
null
sentence
์ด๋ฒˆ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ๊ธˆ์œต์˜ ๊ณผ์—ด๋กœ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „ ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ํ†ตํ™”์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ ฅ์ด ๋” ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
1878
null
translation
This crisis differs from the previous crisis in that it occurred in advanced countries caused by the overheating of the real estate market and real estate finance. Therefore, the forecasting power of this crisis is lower than that of the previous simple financial crisis or monetary crisis.
{}
{}
pos-4099
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1878
0
translation_chunk
This crisis differs from the previous crisis in that it occurred in advanced countries caused by the overheating of the real estate market and
1878
1
translation_chunk
real estate finance. Therefore, the forecasting power of this crisis is lower than that of the previous simple financial crisis or monetary crisis.
{}
{}