pair_id
string
label
int64
pair_type
string
pair_subtype
string
a_doc_id
string
a_snippet_id
int64
a_text_type
string
a_text
string
b_doc_id
string
b_snippet_id
int64
b_text_type
string
b_text
string
a_metadata
unknown
b_metadata
unknown
pos-4300
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1973
0
translation_chunk
The estimation results for the export volume function and overseas demand function showed results that supported the
1973
1
translation_chunk
theory and hypothesis, and most coefficient estimates showed statistically significant results along with the expected sign.
{}
{}
pos-4301
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1974
0
sentence_chunk
์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์—…์ข…๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๋†’์€ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰
1974
1
sentence_chunk
๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ—ค์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4302
1
positive
sentence_translation
1974
null
sentence
์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์—…์ข…๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๋†’์€ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ—ค์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค.
1974
null
translation
The results of export elasticity calculated by industry in accordance with credit ratings show that the export elasticity of high-credit companies is smaller than that of low-credit companies, which proves that the hedge level of high-credit companies is high.
{}
{}
pos-4303
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1974
0
translation_chunk
The results of export elasticity calculated by industry in accordance with credit ratings show that the export elasticity of
1974
1
translation_chunk
high-credit companies is smaller than that of low-credit companies, which proves that the hedge level of high-credit companies is high.
{}
{}
pos-4304
1
positive
sentence_translation
1975
null
sentence
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ—ค์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์—…์ข…๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ถœํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1975
null
translation
In addition, we observed how export elasticity by industry changes as the company's hedge level changes.
{}
{}
pos-4305
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1976
0
sentence_chunk
์‹ ์šฉ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์ž๋ณธ ์œ ์ถœ ๋ฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ 2009๋…„ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
1976
1
sentence_chunk
ํฐ ํญ์˜ ๋งˆ์ด๋„ˆ์Šค ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 4๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4306
1
positive
sentence_translation
1976
null
sentence
์‹ ์šฉ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์ž๋ณธ ์œ ์ถœ ๋ฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ 2009๋…„ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํญ์˜ ๋งˆ์ด๋„ˆ์Šค ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 4๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1976
null
translation
The global economy recorded the biggest negative growth since the Great Depression in 2009 due to the credit crunch, capital outflow, and decrease in global trade. It has not recovered yet until now after four years.
{}
{}
pos-4307
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1976
0
translation_chunk
The global economy recorded the biggest negative growth since the Great Depression in 2009 due to the credit
1976
1
translation_chunk
crunch, capital outflow, and decrease in global trade. It has not recovered yet until now after four years.
{}
{}
pos-4308
1
positive
sentence_translation
1977
null
sentence
์•„์‹œ์•„ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ธฐ๊ฒฝ๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ชจํ˜•๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
1977
null
translation
After the Asian financial crisis, interest in early warning increased, and many models were actually developed.
{}
{}
pos-4309
1
positive
sentence_translation
1978
null
sentence
ํƒœ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์  ๊ณ ๋„์„ฑ์žฅ๊ตญ์ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํŒŒ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
1978
null
translation
Not many predicted that the financial crisis in Thailand would spread to Korea and Taiwan, two of the leading fast growing countries.
{}
{}
pos-4310
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1979
0
sentence_chunk
์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฒ•์›์€ ํŒฉ์‹œ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ ์‚ฌ์„œํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ,
1979
1
sentence_chunk
์ž๋™ ์ „ํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‹ค์—… ์ˆ˜๋‹น ์ฒญ๊ตฌ ๋“ฑ์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4311
1
positive
sentence_translation
1979
null
sentence
์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฒ•์›์€ ํŒฉ์‹œ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ ์‚ฌ์„œํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ, ์ž๋™ ์ „ํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‹ค์—… ์ˆ˜๋‹น ์ฒญ๊ตฌ ๋“ฑ์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.
1979
null
translation
In this aspect, the court viewed the use of facsimile, access to telephone voice mailboxes, and claims for unemployment benefits through the automatic telephone system as the use of computers.
{}
{}
pos-4312
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1979
0
translation_chunk
In this aspect, the court viewed the use of facsimile, access to telephone voice mailboxes, and
1979
1
translation_chunk
claims for unemployment benefits through the automatic telephone system as the use of computers.
{}
{}
pos-4313
1
positive
sentence_translation
1980
null
sentence
์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ด๋ณด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์ด๋‹ค.
1980
null
translation
One of the most basic problems regarding computer fraud security is what a computer is.
{}
{}
pos-4314
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1981
0
sentence_chunk
ํ–ฅํ›„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„๋ณดํ—˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•์ œ, ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณดํ—˜์•ฝ๊ด€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ
1981
1
sentence_chunk
๋ฒ•์›์˜ ํŒ๋ก€๋“ค์„ ์ ๊ทน ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ณด์ƒ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ณดํ—˜์ƒํ’ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์ฃผ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4315
1
positive
sentence_translation
1981
null
sentence
ํ–ฅํ›„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„๋ณดํ—˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•์ œ, ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณดํ—˜์•ฝ๊ด€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์›์˜ ํŒ๋ก€๋“ค์„ ์ ๊ทน ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ณด์ƒ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ณดํ—˜์ƒํ’ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์ฃผ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
1981
null
translation
In preparation for the domestic cyber insurance market, which will grow significantly in the future, it is necessary to focus on developing insurance products suitable for cyber crime damage compensation by actively reviewing related laws, related insurance terms, and various court precedents of foreign countries.
{}
{}
pos-4316
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1981
0
translation_chunk
In preparation for the domestic cyber insurance market, which will grow significantly in the future, it is necessary to focus on developing insurance products
1981
1
translation_chunk
suitable for cyber crime damage compensation by actively reviewing related laws, related insurance terms, and various court precedents of foreign countries.
{}
{}
pos-4317
1
positive
sentence_translation
1982
null
sentence
๋Œ€์†์ถฉ๋‹น๊ธˆ๋น„์œจ ๋•Œ ๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์€ํ–‰์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1982
null
translation
It is analyzing how the expansion of loans affects the risk of banks in terms of the provision for bad debt ratio.
{}
{}
pos-4318
1
positive
sentence_translation
1983
null
sentence
๋Œ€์ถœํ™•๋Œ€๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์†์ถฉ ๋‹น๊ธˆ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋†’์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
1983
null
translation
It has been observed that loan expansion generally has a negative impact on risk by increasing the loan-loss provision ratio.
{}
{}
pos-4319
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1984
0
sentence_chunk
Becker and Noone์€ ์ง์ ‘ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฌ๊ฑด์—
1984
1
sentence_chunk
๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์žฅ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์ „๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4320
1
positive
sentence_translation
1984
null
sentence
Becker and Noone์€ ์ง์ ‘ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์žฅ๊ธฐํˆฌ์ž ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์ „๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1984
null
translation
Becker and Noone stated that direct investment is influenced by the economic fundamentals of the target country, indicating a strong inclination towards long-term investment with a low likelihood of reversal.
{}
{}
pos-4321
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1984
0
translation_chunk
Becker and Noone stated that direct investment is influenced by the economic fundamentals of the target
1984
1
translation_chunk
country, indicating a strong inclination towards long-term investment with a low likelihood of reversal.
{}
{}
pos-4322
1
positive
sentence_translation
1985
null
sentence
๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ž์˜ ํ•ด์™ธ ์ง์ ‘ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ž์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ง์ ‘ํˆฌ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.
1985
null
translation
It indicates that the resident's overseas direct investment is larger than the non-resident's domestic direct investment.
{}
{}
pos-4323
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1986
0
sentence_chunk
๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ์ž๋ณธ์ด๋™๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์™ธ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ •์ฑ…
1986
1
sentence_chunk
๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ โ€˜์ •๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰ ์ฐจ์ž…โ€™์€ ๋ถ„์„๋Œ€์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4324
1
positive
sentence_translation
1986
null
sentence
๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ์ž๋ณธ์ด๋™๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์™ธ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ โ€˜์ •๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰ ์ฐจ์ž…โ€™์€ ๋ถ„์„๋Œ€์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1986
null
translation
Excluding the analysis of "government and central bank borrowing," which is strongly influenced by exogenous policy decisions, unlike the capital movement of the private sector affected by changes in global liquidity conditions.
{}
{}
pos-4325
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1986
0
translation_chunk
Excluding the analysis of "government and central bank borrowing," which is strongly influenced by exogenous policy
1986
1
translation_chunk
decisions, unlike the capital movement of the private sector affected by changes in global liquidity conditions.
{}
{}
pos-4326
1
positive
sentence_translation
1987
null
sentence
์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1987
null
translation
The results of the study differ provided the research method and data period.
{}
{}
pos-4327
1
positive
sentence_translation
1988
null
sentence
์ตœ๊ทผ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฐ ๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ ์žฅ์€ ์ •์ฒด ๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฝ๊ตญ๋ฉด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด G5 ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์–‘์ ์™„ํ™” ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ๋งž๋ฌผ๋ ค ์ƒ์Šน๊ตญ ๋ฉด์— ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1988
null
translation
Recently, Korean and East Asian stock markets have been stagnant or a downward trend, while the G5 stock market is on the rise in line with quantitative easing policies.
{}
{}
pos-4328
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1988
0
translation_chunk
Recently, Korean and East Asian stock markets have been stagnant or a downward trend,
1988
1
translation_chunk
while the G5 stock market is on the rise in line with quantitative easing policies.
{}
{}
pos-4329
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1989
0
sentence_chunk
ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์กฐํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ
1989
1
sentence_chunk
๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ  ๋ฐ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4330
1
positive
sentence_translation
1989
null
sentence
ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์กฐํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ  ๋ฐ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
1989
null
translation
Existing studies on the ripple effect or coupling phenomenon caused by the impact of a specific stock market generally takes up a large number of studies analyzing the correlation between stock markets or the ripple effect of returns and volatility.
{}
{}
pos-4331
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1989
0
translation_chunk
Existing studies on the ripple effect or coupling phenomenon caused by the impact of a specific stock market generally takes
1989
1
translation_chunk
up a large number of studies analyzing the correlation between stock markets or the ripple effect of returns and volatility.
{}
{}
pos-4332
1
positive
sentence_translation
1990
null
sentence
์ฃผ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ์œ„์˜ ์‹๋ฅผ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง€์•ˆ ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ถ”๋ก ๋œ๋‹ค.
1990
null
translation
The current state of the stock return is deduced as follows by applying the above equation to the equation according to Bayesian theory.
{}
{}
pos-4333
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1991
0
sentence_chunk
๋ฐฐ์„ฑ์ข…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ ์‚ฐ์—…๋ณ„ ์žฌํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด
1991
1
sentence_chunk
๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4334
1
positive
sentence_translation
1991
null
sentence
๋ฐฐ์„ฑ์ข…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ ์‚ฐ์—…๋ณ„ ์žฌํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1991
null
translation
In the study of Bae Sung-jong, the effect of global liquidity on the prices of goods for each industry were analyzed, but a close analysis of the overall prices level was not conducted.
{}
{}
pos-4335
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1991
0
translation_chunk
In the study of Bae Sung-jong, the effect of global liquidity on the prices of goods for each
1991
1
translation_chunk
industry were analyzed, but a close analysis of the overall prices level was not conducted.
{}
{}
pos-4336
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
1992
0
sentence_chunk
์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตฌ์กฐ VAR ๋ชจํ˜•์„
1992
1
sentence_chunk
์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์กด์žฌ ์—ฌ๋ถ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4337
1
positive
sentence_translation
1992
null
sentence
์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตฌ์กฐ VAR ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์กด์žฌ ์—ฌ๋ถ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1992
null
translation
For this, since independent global liquidity fluctuations must be identified, the structural VAR model was established and estimated, and based on the estimation results, the existence of ripple effects was analyzed.
{}
{}
pos-4338
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1992
0
translation_chunk
For this, since independent global liquidity fluctuations must be identified, the structural VAR model was
1992
1
translation_chunk
established and estimated, and based on the estimation results, the existence of ripple effects was analyzed.
{}
{}
pos-4339
1
positive
sentence_translation
1993
null
sentence
์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์— ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€ ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
1993
null
translation
It was found that the shocks had a positive effect on the production of some industries in the short or long term.
{}
{}
pos-4340
1
positive
sentence_translation
1994
null
sentence
์™„์ „ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋งˆ์ฝ”ํ”„ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค.
1994
null
translation
In the case of complete independence, each hidden Markov process is proceeded independently.
{}
{}
pos-4341
1
positive
sentence_translation
1995
null
sentence
์šฐ์„  Phillips์˜ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‘ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์„ ์™„์ „ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์™„์ „ ์ข…์†๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ด๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.
1995
null
translation
First, according to the method suggested by Phillips, the two price earnings ratios are set in the form of bivariates, divided into fully independent and fully dependent cases.
{}
{}
pos-4342
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
1995
0
translation_chunk
First, according to the method suggested by Phillips, the two price earnings ratios are
1995
1
translation_chunk
set in the form of bivariates, divided into fully independent and fully dependent cases.
{}
{}
pos-4343
1
positive
sentence_translation
1996
null
sentence
์‹œ์žฅ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ณ€ํ™” ์‹œ์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด 1์ฐจ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์  ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” 10๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ์‹œ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
1996
null
translation
Comparing the timing of structural changes in market interest rates, there was a lag of 10 months between the timing of the first structural changes.
{}
{}
pos-4344
1
positive
sentence_translation
1997
null
sentence
์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„ ๋ณธ ์ ˆ์—๋Š” ์›”๋ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ผ๋ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„์šฉ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1997
null
translation
Empirical Analysis In this section, monthly data and daily data were selectively used in accordance with the purpose of analysis.
{}
{}
pos-4345
1
positive
sentence_translation
1998
null
sentence
์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ์„  ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ณ€ํ™” ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
1998
null
translation
To classify the empirical analysis period, an analysis was conducted first on whether there is a structural change in the financial market.
{}
{}
pos-4346
1
positive
sentence_translation
1999
null
sentence
์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์˜ ๊ฐ•๋“ฑ์€ ์ •๋ถ€๋ถ€์ฑ„ ์šด์šฉ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์ค‘์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ •๋ถ€๋ถ€์ฑ„ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์„ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
1999
null
translation
The downgrade of the credit rating makes it difficult to raise stable mid and long-term government debt, one of the government debt management goals.
{}
{}
pos-4347
1
positive
sentence_translation
2000
null
sentence
์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์†๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋“ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒ์Šน์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
2000
null
translation
The rate of change in credit ratings shows a lot of difference in downgrades and upgrades.
{}
{}
pos-4348
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2001
0
sentence_chunk
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ OECD 34๊ฐœ๊ตญ์˜ 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰, ๊ตญ์ฑ„ 10๋…„๋ฌผ ์ด์ž์œจ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋„์˜
2001
1
sentence_chunk
์œ„ํ—˜์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” CDS ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4349
1
positive
sentence_translation
2001
null
sentence
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ OECD 34๊ฐœ๊ตญ์˜ 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰, ๊ตญ์ฑ„ 10๋…„๋ฌผ ์ด์ž์œจ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋„์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” CDS ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
2001
null
translation
In fact, this relevance can be seen by looking at the average of the CDS premium, which shows the national credit ratings of 34 OECD countries in the 2000s, the interest rates of 10-year government bonds, and the risk levels of national bankruptcy.
{}
{}
pos-4350
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2001
0
translation_chunk
In fact, this relevance can be seen by looking at the average of the CDS premium, which shows the national credit ratings of
2001
1
translation_chunk
34 OECD countries in the 2000s, the interest rates of 10-year government bonds, and the risk levels of national bankruptcy.
{}
{}
pos-4351
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2002
0
sentence_chunk
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ˜„๋œ ์ ํ”„ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, 2003๋…„๊ณผ 2010๋…„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘์— ํ•œ๊ตญ
2002
1
sentence_chunk
์›ํ™”์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฏธ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌํ™˜์œจ์€ 0๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ ์ ํ”„๊ฐ€ 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4352
1
positive
sentence_translation
2002
null
sentence
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ˜„๋œ ์ ํ”„ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, 2003๋…„๊ณผ 2010๋…„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘์— ํ•œ๊ตญ ์›ํ™”์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฏธ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌํ™˜์œจ์€ 0๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ ์ ํ”„๊ฐ€ 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
2002
null
translation
As can be seen from the graph of the last realized jumps statistics, during the period of 2003 and 2010, significant volatility jumps that differ from zero in the dollar exchange rate of the won, are occurring very frequently in the 2000s.
{}
{}
pos-4353
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2002
0
translation_chunk
As can be seen from the graph of the last realized jumps statistics, during the period of 2003 and 2010, significant
2002
1
translation_chunk
volatility jumps that differ from zero in the dollar exchange rate of the won, are occurring very frequently in the 2000s.
{}
{}
pos-4354
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2003
0
sentence_chunk
์ ํ”„ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹คํ˜„๋œ ์ ํ”„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์‹คํ˜„๋œ ์ ํ”„ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์ด 0๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์˜
2003
1
sentence_chunk
๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ ์ ํ”„๊ฐ€ 0๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ ์ ํ”„๋Š” 0์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4355
1
positive
sentence_translation
2003
null
sentence
์ ํ”„ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹คํ˜„๋œ ์ ํ”„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์‹คํ˜„๋œ ์ ํ”„ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์ด 0๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ ์ ํ”„๊ฐ€ 0๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ ์ ํ”„๋Š” 0์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.
2003
null
translation
The relationship between jumps statistics and realized jumps is that when the realized jumps statistics are significantly greater than 0, the volatility jump of the yield is greater than 0, but when it is not significant, the volatility jump is 0.
{}
{}
pos-4356
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2003
0
translation_chunk
The relationship between jumps statistics and realized jumps is that when the realized jumps statistics are significantly
2003
1
translation_chunk
greater than 0, the volatility jump of the yield is greater than 0, but when it is not significant, the volatility jump is 0.
{}
{}
pos-4357
1
positive
sentence_translation
2004
null
sentence
ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํ›„ 2010๋…„๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ํฌ๊ณ  ์ž‘์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ์ ํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
2004
null
translation
It occurred largely and frequently, and large and small irregular jumps occurred until 2010.
{}
{}
pos-4358
1
positive
sentence_translation
2005
null
sentence
์ด๋Š” OECD ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ฅ  ํ‰๊ท  ๋น„๊ต์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค.
2005
null
translation
This is because of the average comparison of economic growth rates among OECD group countries.
{}
{}
pos-4359
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2006
0
sentence_chunk
๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์—…์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์ˆ˜, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ  ๋“ฑ 2๊ฐœ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜
2006
1
sentence_chunk
๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์ „๋…„๋™๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋น„ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ ์„, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฝœ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4360
1
positive
sentence_translation
2006
null
sentence
๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์—…์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์ˆ˜, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ  ๋“ฑ 2๊ฐœ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ์ „๋…„๋™๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋น„ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ ์„, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฝœ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
2006
null
translation
As economic variables, the domestic industrial production index and the domestic unemployment rate were used, while the domestic inflation variable was the consumer price growth rate compared to the same period last year, and the domestic short-term interest rate was represented by the call rate.
{}
{}
pos-4361
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2006
0
translation_chunk
As economic variables, the domestic industrial production index and the domestic unemployment rate were used, while the domestic inflation variable
2006
1
translation_chunk
was the consumer price growth rate compared to the same period last year, and the domestic short-term interest rate was represented by the call rate.
{}
{}
pos-4362
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2007
0
sentence_chunk
๋จผ์ € ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ ์‚ฐ์—…์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘ํ‰๊ท , ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์—…์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
2007
1
sentence_chunk
์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ VIX, ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ , ์ฝœ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋“ฑ 6๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ VAR ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4363
1
positive
sentence_translation
2007
null
sentence
๋จผ์ € ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ์ฃผ์š” ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ ์‚ฐ์—…์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘ํ‰๊ท , ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์—…์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ VIX, ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน๋ฅ , ์ฝœ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋“ฑ 6๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ VAR ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
2007
null
translation
First, we estimated a 6-variable structural VAR model, including VIX, consumer price growth rate, call rate, and global liquidity variables, by selecting the weighted average of the industrial production index of major developed countries among the global economic variables and the domestic economic variables as the re...
{}
{}
pos-4364
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2007
0
translation_chunk
First, we estimated a 6-variable structural VAR model, including VIX, consumer price growth rate, call rate, and
2007
1
translation_chunk
global liquidity variables, by selecting the weighted average of the industrial production index of major
{}
{}
pos-4365
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2007
0
translation_chunk
First, we estimated a 6-variable structural VAR model, including VIX, consumer price growth rate, call rate, and
2007
2
translation_chunk
developed countries among the global economic variables and the domestic economic variables as the reference model.
{}
{}
pos-4366
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2007
1
translation_chunk
global liquidity variables, by selecting the weighted average of the industrial production index of major
2007
2
translation_chunk
developed countries among the global economic variables and the domestic economic variables as the reference model.
{}
{}
pos-4367
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2008
0
sentence_chunk
์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋ˆ„์ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์€ ๋น„๋ชจ์ˆ˜ boot- straping์„
2008
1
sentence_chunk
์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„์ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4368
1
positive
sentence_translation
2008
null
sentence
์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋ˆ„์ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์€ ๋น„๋ชจ์ˆ˜ boot- straping์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„์ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
2008
null
translation
The confidence intervals for the impulse response function and the cumulative impulse response function were estimated using nonparametric boot-strapping, and the cumulative impulse response function was employed to investigate long-term effects.
{}
{}
pos-4369
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2008
0
translation_chunk
The confidence intervals for the impulse response function and the cumulative impulse response function were estimated using
2008
1
translation_chunk
nonparametric boot-strapping, and the cumulative impulse response function was employed to investigate long-term effects.
{}
{}
pos-4370
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2009
0
sentence_chunk
ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ ์„ค๋ช… ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์ƒ์Šน ํ˜น์€ ํ•˜๋ฝ์‹œํ‚จ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„
2009
1
sentence_chunk
์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‚˜ ํšก๋‹จ๋ฉด ์ž๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ณ€๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4371
1
positive
sentence_translation
2009
null
sentence
ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ ์„ค๋ช… ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์ƒ์Šน ํ˜น์€ ํ•˜๋ฝ์‹œํ‚จ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‚˜ ํšก๋‹จ๋ฉด ์ž๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ณ€๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
2009
null
translation
It is not possible to find an example of upgrading or downgrading the credit rating through changes in each explanatory variable within a country, but it can be viewed as an estimated part due to changes in cross-sectional data.
{}
{}
pos-4372
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2009
0
translation_chunk
It is not possible to find an example of upgrading or downgrading the credit rating through changes in each explanatory
2009
1
translation_chunk
variable within a country, but it can be viewed as an estimated part due to changes in cross-sectional data.
{}
{}
pos-4373
1
positive
sentence_translation
2010
null
sentence
ํ•œํŽธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ ์„ค๋ช…๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์ด ๋ณ€๋™ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๋‹ค.
2010
null
translation
Meanwhile, the part estimated to be changes within a country is the case where an example of changes in credit rating can be found through the changes of each explanatory variable within a country.
{}
{}
pos-4374
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2010
0
translation_chunk
Meanwhile, the part estimated to be changes within a country is the case where an example of changes
2010
1
translation_chunk
in credit rating can be found through the changes of each explanatory variable within a country.
{}
{}
pos-4375
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2011
0
sentence_chunk
์ฃผ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์™ธํ™˜ ๋“ฑ ๊ธˆ์œต์ž์‚ฐ์˜ ์ผ๊ฐ„ ํ˜น์€ ์›”๊ฐ„ ์ž์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜
2011
1
sentence_chunk
์—†์œผ๋‚˜, ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹น๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•™์ž๋“ค ๊ฐ„์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}
pos-4376
1
positive
sentence_translation
2011
null
sentence
์ฃผ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์™ธํ™˜ ๋“ฑ ๊ธˆ์œต์ž์‚ฐ์˜ ์ผ๊ฐ„ ํ˜น์€ ์›”๊ฐ„ ์ž์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋‚˜, ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹น๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•™์ž๋“ค ๊ฐ„์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
2011
null
translation
It is known among scholars that the daily or monthly return on financial assets such as stocks and foreign exchange is hardly predictable, yet the volatility of the return is considerably predictable.
{}
{}
pos-4377
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2011
0
translation_chunk
It is known among scholars that the daily or monthly return on financial assets such as stocks and
2011
1
translation_chunk
foreign exchange is hardly predictable, yet the volatility of the return is considerably predictable.
{}
{}
pos-4378
1
positive
sentence_translation
2012
null
sentence
ํŠนํžˆ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์  ๊ต๋ž€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์˜ ๋ถˆ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ์ ํ”„์˜ ์กด์žฌ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ธˆ์œต์ž์‚ฐ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ๋ชจ์ˆ˜์  ์ถ”์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
2012
null
translation
In particular, the method of parametric estimation of financial asset prices due to the presence of discontinuous jumps of volatility and the micro-market disturbance structure of the market has a serious problem.
{}
{}
pos-4379
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2012
0
translation_chunk
In particular, the method of parametric estimation of financial asset prices due to the presence of
2012
1
translation_chunk
discontinuous jumps of volatility and the micro-market disturbance structure of the market has a serious problem.
{}
{}
pos-4380
1
positive
sentence_translation
2013
null
sentence
์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์œ ์ง€, ์ƒํ–ฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ…์  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.
2013
null
translation
It is intended to present conditions and policy implications for maintaining and upgrading the credit rating.
{}
{}
pos-4381
1
positive
sentence_translation
2014
null
sentence
์ œ โ…ข์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” OECD ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„ ๋กœ์ง“ ๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
2014
null
translation
Chapter โ…ข analyzes the determinants of the credit ratings of OECD countries through a ranking logit model.
{}
{}
pos-4382
1
positive
sentence_translation
2015
null
sentence
์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ถ„์„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์„ ํ˜•ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ ์ด์‚ฐ ์„ ํƒ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
2015
null
translation
Since linear regression analysis has a clear limitation in the analysis of credit ratings, discrete choice models should be introduced for credit ratings.
{}
{}
pos-4383
1
positive
sentence_translation
2016
null
sentence
์œ„์˜ ํŒจ๋„๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์„ค๋ช…๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์† ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค.
2016
null
translation
The panel analysis method above is strictly an analysis method that can be used when the explanatory variable is a continuous variable.
{}
{}
pos-4384
1
positive
sentence_translation
2017
null
sentence
ํ•œํŽธ, Ruud๋Š” ์ถ”์ • ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ํ™•๋ฅ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์ •์น˜์˜ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํ›ผ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.
2017
null
translation
Meanwhile, Ruud showed that the difference in the probability distribution assumption in the estimation model did not undermine the consistency of the estimates.
{}
{}
pos-4385
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2017
0
translation_chunk
Meanwhile, Ruud showed that the difference in the probability distribution
2017
1
translation_chunk
assumption in the estimation model did not undermine the consistency of the estimates.
{}
{}
pos-4386
1
positive
sentence_translation
2018
null
sentence
ํŠนํžˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ™์ฝฉ, ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋งŒ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.
2018
null
translation
In particular, the correlation coefficient between Korea and Hong Kong, and between Korea and Taiwan shows the highest.
{}
{}
pos-4387
1
positive
sentence_translation
2019
null
sentence
ํ‰๊ท ์™€ ํ‰๊ท ๋Š” Harding and Pagan์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์€ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์˜ ์ƒ์Šน์žฅ๊ณผ ํ•˜๋ฝ์žฅ ํ‰๊ท ์ด๋‹ค.
2019
null
translation
The average is the average of the bullish and bearish markets of the price earnings return (PER) obtained by Harding and Pagan.
{}
{}
pos-4388
1
positive
sentence_translation
2020
null
sentence
์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ฆ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์ถ”์ •์น˜์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ์œ ์˜์„ฑ์€ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ •์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
2020
null
translation
As the number of data decreased, the statistical significance of the impulse response function estimates was generally weakened, but it was found that there was no change in qualitative.
{}
{}
pos-4389
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2020
0
translation_chunk
As the number of data decreased, the statistical significance of the impulse response function
2020
1
translation_chunk
estimates was generally weakened, but it was found that there was no change in qualitative.
{}
{}
pos-4390
1
positive
sentence_translation
2021
null
sentence
ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌํ™” ์ง€์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
2021
null
translation
In particular, the impact of the dollar index and the difference between internal and external interest rates on inflation level was statistically significant.
{}
{}
pos-4391
1
positive
sentence_translation
2022
null
sentence
ํ‘œ๋ณธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์„ ํƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๊ฑด์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ <Figure 3>์— ์ตœ๊ทผ 3๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
2022
null
translation
In order to verify the robustness of the sample period selection, the estimation results analyzed by excluding the data for the last three years are shown in <Figure 3>.
{}
{}
pos-4392
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2022
0
translation_chunk
In order to verify the robustness of the sample period selection, the estimation
2022
1
translation_chunk
results analyzed by excluding the data for the last three years are shown in <Figure 3>.
{}
{}
pos-4393
1
positive
sentence_translation
2023
null
sentence
์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์žฌ์ •์œ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ์žฌ์ •๊ฑด์ „์„ฑ์ด ์‹ ์šฉ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๊ฐ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์ „ํ•œ ์žฌ์ •์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.
2023
null
translation
As fiscal soundness has been highlighted as a major factor in the credit rating assessment caused by the European fiscal crisis, a relatively sound fiscal situation will receive a positive assessment.
{}
{}
pos-4394
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2023
0
translation_chunk
As fiscal soundness has been highlighted as a major factor in the credit rating assessment caused by
2023
1
translation_chunk
the European fiscal crisis, a relatively sound fiscal situation will receive a positive assessment.
{}
{}
pos-4395
1
positive
sentence_translation
2024
null
sentence
์ด๋“ค ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์‹œ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์ด ์‹ ์šฉ์Šคํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์— ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค.
2024
null
translation
According to these studies, macro volatility has a statistically significant impact on credit spreads.
{}
{}
pos-4396
1
positive
sentence_translation
2025
null
sentence
ํŒจ๋„์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹œ๊ณ„์—ด์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ ์ธ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.
2025
null
translation
The panel data can overcome this insufficient time series and increase the statistical reliability of analysis results.
{}
{}
pos-4397
1
positive
sentence_translation
2026
null
sentence
๋…์ผ ๋ณดํ—˜๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ฒ• ์ œ6์กฐ ๋…์ผ ๏ฝข์ฆ๊ถŒ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฒ•๏ฝฃ ์ œ31์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ถŒ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์—…์ž์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ์˜๋ฌด ๋“ฑ์€ ๋ณดํ—˜์—…์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ถ”์ ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
2026
null
translation
The obligation of providing advice to customers by securities traders, as stipulated in Article 6 of the German Insurance Contract Law and Article 31 of the German Securities Exchange Act, does not apply to insurers.
{}
{}
pos-4398
1
positive
translation_chunk_internal
2026
0
translation_chunk
The obligation of providing advice to customers by securities traders, as stipulated in Article 6 of the
2026
1
translation_chunk
German Insurance Contract Law and Article 31 of the German Securities Exchange Act, does not apply to insurers.
{}
{}
pos-4399
1
positive
sentence_chunk_internal
2027
0
sentence_chunk
๋ณดํ—˜์—…์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜๋ฌด์— ์ถฉ์‹คํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” 2002/92/EC ์ง€์นจ์˜ ์ทจ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ
2027
1
sentence_chunk
ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋™๋ฒ• ์ œ6์กฐ์˜ ์ž…๋ฒ•์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ ์ง€์นจ์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ดํ–‰์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
{}
{}