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72827917
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lillemor%20Aars
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Lillemor Aars
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Lillemor Aars (née Julie Thaulow Aubert; 17 January 1904 – 21 October 1992) was a Norwegian ceramist and artisan. She designed products for Porsgrund Porcelain Factory, Hadeland Glassverk, and Graverens Teglverk, and eventually established her own ceramic workshop.
Personal life
Aars was born as Julie Thaulow Aubert on 17 January 1904 in Kristiania, a daughter of Julius Th. Aubert and Birgitte Myhre. She was married to artist Ferdinand Aars from 1927 to 1947, and to Olaf Bang from 1948.
Career
Aars studied at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry from 1920 to 1922, and in 1924 with André Lhote. Originally a painter and printmaker, she made her debut at the annual art exhibition Høstutstillingen in Oslo in 1926. Following her marriage in 1927, she started working on applied arts, and as designer for companies such as Porsgrund Porcelain Factory, Hadeland Glassverk and . She had assignments for Jakob Prytz and , and established her own ceramic workshop in 1937.
In 1937 she contributed to the International Exposition of Art and Technology in Modern Life in Paris, and two years later to the 1939 New York World's Fair. In 1947 she had an assignment in Helsinki at the factory Arabia.
Her works were bought by various museums, and were acquired for The Royal Lodge, Holmenkollen. She is represented in the Norwegian National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design, and at the Röhsska Museum. She also contributed with illustrations, and illustrated several books.
Aars died in Oslo on 21 October 1992.
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72828181
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namni%20and%20%E1%B8%AAazzi
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Namni and Ḫazzi
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Worship
In ritual texts, Namni and Ḫazzi appear as members of the circle of deities associated with Teššub and his wife Ḫepat. In offering lists, they typically follow Šeri and Ḫurri, two bulls also counted among the members of the weather god’s entourage. They might have been worshiped alongside Teššub in Aleppo, though no direct evidence has been identified so far. It has been argued that an association between these two deities and the form of the weather god worshiped in Aleppo is supported by a Hurrian prayer to the latter which uses the phrase “you are with Namni, you are with Ḫazzi” (Namni=ram=ma, Ḫazzi=ram=ma) and by an Old Babylonian document from Tigunānum in northern Mesopotamia which states that the god of Aleppo, here identified as Adad, “will support the king like Nanni and Ḫazzi” (kīma šadî Nanni Ḫazzi). In the ritual KUB 27.38, Namni and Ḫazzi are mentioned after a section dedicated to deified kings (šarrēna). They also appear in a birth ritual, KBo 27.117. During the festival, they received offerings referred to as keldi and ambašši in the temple of the weather god Manuzzi. The text CTH 785 has been identified as a festival focused on the mountain Ḫazzi. According to Alfonso Archi it originated in Mukiš, and was later transferred to Kizzuwatna from this area.
Namni and Ḫazzi were also incorporated into the pantheon of the Hittite Empire alongside Teššub and other members of his circle. They appear in (offering lists) dedicated to this group of deities, venerated together in Šapinuwa. In Emar they are attested in the so-called “Anatolian ritual” alongside Mušitu. According to Daniel E. Fleming, the deities attested in it should be considered separate from the local pantheon, and were only celebrated due to their role in the religion of the Hittite Empire, which controlled the city at the time.
Individuals bearing theophoric names invoking Ḫazzi have been identified in texts from Alalakh (Arip-Ḫazzi) and Ugarit (Ewri-Ḫazzi).
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72828304
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francine%20Laden
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Francine Laden
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Francine Laden is an American epidemiologist who is Professor of Environmental Epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Her research has investigated the environmental epidemiology of chronic disease. She serves as co-director of the Harvard University and Boston University center for research on environmental and social stressors in housing across the life course. Laden has also served on the United States Environmental Protection Agency advisory board.
Early life and education
Laden was an undergraduate at Princeton University and graduate student at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Her doctoral research looked for environmental risk factors for breast cancer. At the time, the incidence of breast cancer was rising in the United States, and Laden wondered whether specific exposures/environments made people more susceptible to the disease. Whilst her results were inconclusive, they did not indicate environmental risk factors played a considerable role in the disease. She went on to show that long-term rotating night shift work was associated with a higher incidence of breast cancer, and that women who did shiftwork younger were more at risk. In 2007, the World Health Organization classified night shift work as a probable carcinogen.
Research and career
Laden studies the epidemiology of chronic disease. She has studied how air pollution, persistent organic pollutants and second hand smoke can impact human health, and how risk is distributed across America. Laden has studied the environmental risk factors of various cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. She has studied how diesel exhaust exposure impacts lung cancer mortality in America's trucking industry. Alongside cancer, Laden showed that exposure to particulate matter was associated with high levels of anxiety.
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72828337
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen%20Pengnian
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Chen Pengnian
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Chen Pengnian (, 10 January 1664 – 9 February 1723) was a Han Chinese politician and scholar in the Qing dynasty.
Biography
Chen was a native of Xiangtan, Hunan. He spent much of his early life in the mountains where his family fled to avoid the disturbances of the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. During this time, he studied the classics and took the imperial examination upon his return to Xiangtan. He obtained a jinshi degree in 1691. He began his official career five years later as a magistrate in Xian, Zhejiang, before occupying the same post in Shanyang, Jiangsu. His upright and incorruptible character became renowned. Chen was a model official, earning the nickname “Chen Qingtian” for his honesty and frugality. From 1703 to 1705, he served as prefect of Nanjing. During this time, his superior, Ašan, governor-general of Jiangsu, falsely accused Chen of bribery and establishing lecture halls in former brothels. Chen was sentenced to death but given an imperial pardon by the Kangxi Emperor, who put him on a commission to edit the Sichao shi (四朝詩), an anthology of Song, Jin, Yuan, and Ming poetry.
Chen was appointed prefect of Suzhou in 1708 and acting-financial commissioner of Jiangsu in 1709. In 1711, Gali, the governor-general of Jiangsu, accused Chen of treason for a poem he wrote; however, these charges were dismissed by the emperor. Chen was then summoned to Beijing and from 1719 to 1722, he worked on the compilation of a phrase dictionary, Fenlei zi jin. He later participated in an official survey of the Grand Canal before he was appointed director-general of Yellow River Conservancy in Henan in 1721. He served in this post until his death in 1723. He was canonized as Keqin (恪勤).
During his lifetime, Chen authored collections of prose works as well as treatises on public administration and river conservancy.
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72828998
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svadesha-dharmabhimani
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Svadesha-dharmabhimani
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Svadesha-dharmabhimani (IAST: Svadeśadharmābhimānī) is an 1834 Marathi-language Hindu apologetic text by Narayan Rao (IAST: Nārāyana Rāo) of Satara, British India.
Background
In 1831, Hindu pandit Morobhatt Dandekar and Christian missionary John Wilson debated in Bombay, each aiming to defend his religion. Dandekar summarized his arguments in the Marathi-language text Shri-hindu-dharma-sthapana, to which Wilson responded with An Exposure of the Hindu Religion.
Narayana Rao was an English-language instructor at a college founded by the ruler of Satara. He wrote the Marathi-language Svadesha-dharmabhimani (IAST: Svadeśa-dharmābhimānī, "One Who Takes Pride in His Country's Religion") as a response to criticism of Hinduism by Christian missionaries, particularly Wilson. Rao combined rationalism and traditional Hindu thinking in an attempt to prove that the Christian Bible is logically inconsistent.
Rao's work was edited by Dandekar, and Wilson repsonded to it with A Second Exposure of the Hindoo Religion (1834). A partial translation of Rao's text appears in Wilson's work.
Contents
Rao's work expounds Vedanta and critically examines the Bible. Some of his arguments against Christianity include:
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72829032
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyck%20family
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Buyck family
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The heraldic family motto is in the old French language spelling: « Ainsy Dieu Plaist » (modern spelling: « ainsi dieu plaît »), translating to « as it pleases to God ».
The region where the family originated from is formerly part of West Francia. The formal education was furthermore conducted in French, considered the Lingua Franca of the upper class and the higher culture (see Split of the Catholic University of Leuven). It is therefore not uncommon to thus find heraldic mottoes in French.
Etymology
The origins of the family name are Flemish. They are from a derivative of the ancient Germanic personal name Burghard (see Burkhart) and can compare with the German Buck. It is also found under a Dutch variant, mostly archaic Buijk or Buik.
The Germanic Burkhart originates from the medieval personal name Burkhard from ancient Germanic Burghard. This is composed of the elements "burg" standing for ‘fort castle’ and "hard" as for 'hardy', 'brave' or 'strong’.
Military
The Buyck family has a history of political involvement and was first recorded for its role in military and in politics thereafter.
Jean Buyck, Flanders' first Admiral
Jean (Jan in Flemish) Buyck was a knight, born in Flanders in the 14th century, and commander of the Flemish fleet. He originated from the County of Flanders (also known as Comté de Flandre in French), also known as "Royal Flanders". For centuries, the estates around the cities of Ghent, Bruges and Ypres formed one of the most affluent regions in Europe.
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72829189
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Grymes%20%28burgess%29
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John Grymes (burgess)
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John Grymes or Grimes (1691 – November 2, 1748) was a Virginia planter and politician who served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly, first representing Middlesex County in the House of Burgesses(1718-1722) and on Virginia Governor's Council(1726-1748).
Early life and education
The elder of two sons born to the former Alice Townley (1675–1710) of Gloucester County (granddaughter of burgess Augustine Warner) and her husband John Grymes (1660–1709). His grandfather, Rev. Charles Grymes (1612-1661) had emigrated from England to then-large Gloucester County, Virginia. The family included a younger brother Charles Grymes (1693–1743) and sisters Anne (1689–1730; who never married) and Elizabeth Lucy Grymes (1692–1750) who married John Holcomb, and whose son (also John Holcombe) would serve in the House of Virginia Delegates, as would several of this man's grandsons.
Career
Their father built a plantation called "Grymesby" in Middlesex County, which this man inherited when he reached legal age, along with all his father's lands in Middlesex, Gloucester and King and Queen Counties. He built a plantation he called "Brandon" in that county, which he operated using enslaved labor, as had his father.
In 1717 Middlesex County voters elected John Grymes as one of their delegates in the House of Burgesses, where he served alongside fellow planter Gawin Corbin and was re-elected once. In 1726, Grymes received an appointment to the Virginia Governor's Council, and served until 1748. He briefly served as the colony's auditor general in 1718 and the colony's receiver general from 1732 until his death.
Personal life
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72829189
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Grymes%20%28burgess%29
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John Grymes (burgess)
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On December 22, 1715, at her father's Green Spring plantation near Williamsburg, John Grymes married Lucy Ludwell (1698-1748), the daughter of wealthy merchant and planter Philip Ludwell. They had five sons and four daughters, of whom about half survived to adulthood and had children. Their eldest son, Philip Grymes (1721-1762), married Mary Randolph to cement his family's ties to the First Families of Virginia and succeeded his father both as governor's councilor and as Brandon's owner. Although his namesake son John never reached adulthood (or died at a plantation also named Green Spring in Louisa County, Virginia in 1749) and Charles died as a boy in 1727, this man hired a painter to portray his youngest sons, Benjamin Grymes (1725-1774; who moved to Spotsylvania County, which he represented in the House of Burgesses) and Ludwell Grymes (1733-1795). His daughters included: Lucy Ludwell Grymes (1720-1792) who married burgess Carter Burwell and Alice Grymes (1724-1746) who married burgess Mann Page II, as well as Hannah (who may not have married), and Sarah (who died as an infant).
Death and legacy
Grymes died on November 2, 1748, and his widow on March 3, 1749. Both are buried at Christ Church in Middlesex County, on whose vestry this man had served for decades.
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72829195
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medgar%20Evers%20Historic%20District
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Medgar Evers Historic District
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Medgar Evers Historic District is a U.S. historic district and residential neighborhood in Jackson, Mississippi. The neighborhood contains the Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument, the former home of African American civil rights activist Medgar Evers (1925–1963). Poet and writer Margaret Abigail Alexander Walker (1915–1998) lived in the neighborhood, and has a street named after her. The district is roughly bound by Margaret Walker Alexander Street, W. of Missouri and E. of Miami Streets, and is 3 miles northwest from downtown Jackson. The district has been listed as one of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) since September 18, 2013.
History
The area was developed between 1955 and 1957 by African American developers Winston J. Thompson and Leroy Burnett, and was known as the Elraine Subdivision. It was the first modem subdivision designed specifically for middle-class Blacks in Mississippi after World War II. To sell the houses, Thompson and Burnett advertised in the Jackson Advocate, a local African American newspaper. They were all designed as three bedrooms, a large bath, central heat, attached storage room, and landscaped lawns. It is listed as one of the NRHP historic districts because of the architecture, Black ethnic heritage, and its social history.
The neighborhood contains 44 properties, primarily 1950s Ranch-style homes; and was designed as a suburban development. There is not much variance in the architecture.
In more recent history the community has struggled with blight.
Architectural landmarks
Margaret Walker Alexander House (1955), 2205 Margaret Walker Alexander Drive (formerly 2205 Guynes Street), Jackson, Mississippi
Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument (1956), 2332 Margaret Walker Alexander Drive (formerly 2332 Guynes Street), Jackson, Mississippi
Greater Mount Mariah Missionary Baptist Church (c. 1956; formerly Elraine Baptist Church), 3672 Medgar Evers Boulevard, Jackson, Mississippi
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72831209
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witch%20trials%20in%20New%20York
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Witch trials in New York
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In 1657-1658, Elizabeth "Goody" Garlick, a resident of East Hampton, was accused and tried for witchcraft following the mysterious death of a 16-year-old girl named Elizabeth, the daughter of Lion Gardiner, an English engineer and colonist who founded the first English settlement in New York. According to the court records, her trial had been for "some detestable and wicked Arts, commonly called Witchcraft and Sorcery, [you] did (as is suspected) maliciously and feloniously, practice at the said town of Seatalcott in the East Riding of Yorkshire on Long Island." The jury and magistrate, which included John Winthrop the Younger, found Garlick not guilty, but did find "grounds for suspicion." After the trial, Garlick continued to live in East Hampton with her husband.
Ralph and Mary Hall
In 1665, Ralph and Mary Hall of Setauket were accused of witchcraft and causing the death of their neighbor, George Wood, along with his child. A three-year witch hunt, investigations, and trials followed where the Halls found themselves fighting for their freedom and livelihoods in the court system, only to eventually be released and acquitted of all charges by order of Colonial Governor Richard Nicolls in 1668.
Katherine Harrison
In June of 1670, after being convicted of witchcraft in a trial in Wethersfield, Connecticut, Katherine Harrison moved to Westchester County, New York as an order of the court and with hopes of escaping the vandalism and demolishing of her property by neighbors. Shortly after, residents in Westchester complained about her presence and ordered her to leave the city, but once she was brought into court in June of 1670, Westchester was allowed her to live where she pleased. In early 1672, Harrison sued 11 of her neighbors for defamation of property.
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72831315
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikas%20Petrauskas
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Mikas Petrauskas
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Consilium facultatis (Meeting of Doctors) is one of Petrauskas' most popular operettas. It was performed 29 times in interwar Kaunas. It was reworked by the composer and musicologist in 1961. It was recorded for the radio and TV by the Lithuanian National Radio and Television. Petrauskas based it on a vaudeville by Aleksander Fredro which makes fun of a rich landlord and his supposed illnesses. The operetta has nine musical numbers which are generally cheerful and rather simple. It became popular due to its subtle humor, educational moral, small number of characters, melodious music.
Songs
Petrauskas wrote or harmonized more than 200 songs: over 50 songs for choirs and 169 songs for solos and duets. Of these, most valued are about 30 Lithuanian folk songs that Petrauskas perfected for mixed choirs.
Petrauskas used several different techniques when harmonizing and improving the Lithuanian folk songs. In simple couplet songs, he preserved the original melody and harmonized only the first stanza (examples: "Saulelė raudona", "Motuš motuše", "Per girelę", "Kam šėrei žirgelį", "Nusipyniau vaininkėlį"). In more complex songs, he also preserved the folk melody, but introduced variations in the texture, voice, and sometimes the harmony, enriched the choral texture with polyphonic means (examples: "Oi, motule ma", "Siuntė močiutė", "Oi, tu ieva", "Kur tas šaltinėlis").
Petrauskas also expanded some songs by using imitations, stretto, tonality (examples: "Dega ugnį", "Aš palikau motinėlę", "Gieda ryliuoja"). He was also the first to introduce choral accompaniment, especially in songs with a lively tempo (examples: "Parsivedžiau mergelę", "Suktinis", "Oi, tu ieva", "Pasėjau kanapę"). Following Russian examples, Petrauskas wrote piano accompaniment for about 100 solo and duet songs. The piano part is modest, usually only accompanying the soloist or duplicating the melody (examples: "Bernužėli, nes'voliok", "Jojau dieną", "Tykiai, tykiai Nemunėlis teka", "Kai mes augom du broliukai").
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77249070
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrymead%20Regional%20Park
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Ferrymead Regional Park
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Ferrymead Regional Park is a regional park in Christchurch, New Zealand, near the mouth of the Ōpāwaho / Heathcote River. The park is adjacent to Ferrymead Heritage Park, and the Ferrymead Railway runs through the eastern section of the park.
Geography
Ferrymead Regional Park is located on the southern banks of the Ōpāwaho / Heathcote River, an area which features saltmarshes.
Biodiversity
The Heathcote-Opawaho Lizard Sanctuary, a lizard sanctuary dedicated to protecting McCann's skink, is found in Ferrymead Regional Park.
History
The wider area was a traditional Ngāi Tahu food resource, where eels, lampreys and shellfish were collected.
Ferrymead Regional Park was established in 2018. In 2024, work began on coastal wetlands habitat restoration in Ferrymead Regional Park, including the removal of pine trees. The coastal wetland redevelopment project with continue to be developed in stages until 2030.
Recreation
The park includes sports fields and Ferrymead Golf Course. The park includes two walking tracks, the Ōpāwaho River Track and Matuku Lakes Loop Track. Portions of the Ferrymead Railway are found within Ferrymead Regional Park.
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77249086
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Shia%20Practices%20of%20Mu%E1%B8%A5arram%20in%20South%20Asia%20and%20the%20Diaspora
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Non-Shia Practices of Muḥarram in South Asia and the Diaspora
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Non-Shia Practices of Muḥarram in South Asia and the Diaspora: Beyond Mourning is a 2021 non-fiction book edited by Pushkar Sohoni and Torsten Tschacher and published by Routledge in their Routledge South Asian Religions series. The book's various essays present case studies of the observance of Muharram in non-Islamic contexts through time and in different regions of the world. It is one of the few works that deals with non-Muslim observances of Muharram, at the intersection of South Asian culture and nationalism.
Synopsis
The book begins with an introductory chapter by the editors, who explain the multi-cultural appropriation of Muharram across the world, driven largely by South Asian diasporas. They argue for a theoretical position that challenges prescribed and scriptural religion as the basis of understanding faith. The following seven chapters present cases from South-east Asia, South Africa, the Caribbean, and different parts of India and Pakistan, using source material from various languages including Bahasa, Bhojpuri, Gujarati, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil, and Urdu.
Reception
The journal Asian Ethnography published a review by Karen G. Ruffle which laments the lack of a concluding essay, but praises the book for providing "compelling material, ritual, and documentary evidence of how the Muharram ritual complex has taken “on new shapes and guises” outside of South Asia and has become an integral part of non-Shi’i ritual calendars in the subcontinent". Ali Teymour said that the book focused on Muḥarram "beyond the script provided by Shia Muḥarram practices."
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77249311
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane%20Beryl
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Hurricane Beryl
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Greater Antilles
The Caribbean coast of the Dominican Republic and Haiti were put under a tropical storm warning on July 2. The advisory was raised on July 3 to a hurricane watch for southwestern Haiti, and an orange alert was put into effect. Additionally, a national cloud cover warning was activated for the Dominican Republic. At least 89 people were in shelters in the southwest of the country.
Jamaica's Disaster Risk Coordination Committee convened on July 1 to prepare for the hurricane. The island was placed under a hurricane warning on July 2. Additionally, a state of emergency was imposed as the island was declared a disaster zone as the hurricane approached. Also, a nationwide evacuation order was issued for residents of communities prone to flooding and landslides. Norman Manley International Airport and Sangster International Airport were closed on July 3. A nationwide curfew was implemented by the government on July 3. Over 1,000 people across the nation were in shelters. The Miss Universe Jamaica Grand Coronation, which was scheduled for July 6, was postponed.
The Cayman Islands was put under a hurricane warning on July 2. Owen Roberts International Airport and Charles Kirkconnell International Airport were closed the following day. Just under 4000 persons were evacuated off of the Cayman Islands; several hundred people were evacuated into government Shelters. Cayman Islands Regiment and Cayman Islands Coast Guard fully deployed for humanitarian aid and disaster relief operations.
Norwegian, Carnival, and Disney cruise lines all altered their planned itineraries to avoid the hurricane. Additionally, the various air carriers, including: Cayman Airways, American Airlines, Southwest, Delta, United, Air Canada, adjusted their flight schedules in the region on account of the storm.
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77249311
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane%20Beryl
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Hurricane Beryl
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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) estimated the total cost in the United States to be $7.2 billion. Wind damage nationwide ranged from $2.5 billion to $3.5 billion, based on an estimate by CoreLogic. A prolific tornado outbreak spawned by Hurricane Beryl happened in eastern Texas, western Louisiana, and Arkansas on July 8. Overall, 113 tornado warnings were issued by the National Weather Service on July 8, the most for a single day in July, surpassing the 67 issued on July 6, 2005, which were related to Hurricane Cindy. The outbreak continued into July 9 with more tornadoes being confirmed, before impacting the interior Northeastern United States and Ontario on July 10. In all, 68 tornadoes were confirmed.
A federal disaster declaration was approved by President Joe Biden on July 2, for parts of Texas hit by the storm. Louisiana Governor Jeff Landry declared a state of emergency in areas there impacted.
Due to the impact of the storm in Texas, Amtrak canceled the July 10 runs of the Sunset Limited in its entirety in both directions and had the train run only from San Antonio, Texas, to Los Angeles, California and vice versa until the July 17 westbound run.
Texas
Beryl made landfall near Matagorda with the east side of the eyewall impacting Brazoria County. It produced wind gusts over with a peak gust of in Brazoria. Significant impacts from Beryl took place in Surfside Beach, where siding was completely ripped off from the second story of a house. Multiple A frame homes along the beach were mostly destroyed as a result of Beryl's winds. Numerous other structures suffered extensive damage within the town. In Lake Jackson, Beryl's winds peeled back roofs, knocked down chimneys, and destroyed exterior brick facades.
As Beryl tracked into Texas, Houston was directly impacted by Beryl's eyewall. More than 2.7 million lost power. Over of rain fell in and around Houston, with a peak rainfall amount for the state being west-southwest of the city at .
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77249581
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandrowska%20Street%2C%20%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA
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Aleksandrowska Street, Łódź
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During World War II, from 1940 to 1945, the German occupiers introduced the German name Alexanderhofstraße, which covered the entire route to Aleksandrów, starting from Bałuty Market, including the former Bolesław Limanowski Street (within the administrative boundaries of Łódź), Bronisław Pieracki Street, and Aleksandrowska Road (outside the boundaries of Łódź). In 1941, the Germans closed the orphanage in the village of Kały and converted its building into barracks for members of the Hitler Youth, which remained in place until the end of the war.
1945–1989
After the German occupation of Łódź ended, the city's new authorities temporarily reinstated the pre-war name of Bronisław Pieracki Street for the section extending westward from the railway crossing (still outside the boundaries of Łódź). From 17 October 1945 – the day of the official incorporation of the city of into Łódź – another street named Aleksandrowska appeared within Łódź’s boundaries. This street, depicted in the 1939 German Verkehrsplan Łódź, was a short connection between the equally short Olszowa and Wodna streets. On 14 November 1946, it was renamed Kwietniowa Street (by resolution no. 190 of the City National Council of Łódź on 27 May 1946). On 13 February 1946, a government decree from 20 December 1945 regarding the expansion of Łódź's city limits took effect. As a result, the entirety of Bronisław Pieracki Street fell within the city's boundaries and was renamed Aleksandrowska Street on 14 November 1946 by the same resolution of the City National Council. The street began at the railway crossing and ended at the western boundary of Łódź, which at that time intersected the street near the yet-to-be-built Zimna Woda Street.
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77249700
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation%20First%20Light%202024
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Operation First Light 2024
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Operation First Light 2024 was an international law enforcement operation targeting online scammers. Scams that were taken down included phishing, romance scams, investment scams, fake shopping websites, and other internet fraud. The operation is believed to have identified 14,643 other suspects.
Background
Operation First Light is a global law enforcement operation between 61 countries and European Union Intelligence Agency Europol. The operation was part of the international strategies to address the problems of online scams. Agency's that took part in this global effort were AFRIPOL, ASEANAPOL, GCCPOL, and Europol. China's Ministry of Public Security, Singapore Police Force's Anti-Scam Center, Hong Kong, China Police Force's Anti-Deception Coordination Center.
To help recovery and trace the funds INTERPOLS Global Rapid Intervention of Payments (I-GRIP) mechanism was used.
Raids
Law enforcement in 61 countries arrested 3,900 suspect and seized $257 million in illegal assets. During the raids police froze 6,745 bank accounts, real estate, vehicles, and jewelry.
In the raid in Australia police were able to recover over $3.7 million in an impersonation scam money that had been transfer to bank accounts in Hong Kong & Malaysia.
In the raids in Namibia the operation rescued over 88 children who were being forced to conduct the scams.
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77250013
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwaja%20Ajmal
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Khwaja Ajmal
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Khwaja Mohammad Ajmal (1905 – 17 December 1971) was one of the pioneers of the Bengali-language films during the British Indian era (present-day Bangladesh). He was associated with early silent Bengali films such as Sukumari (1927) and The Last Kiss (1931). He was a member of the Nawab family of Dhaka.
He was born in 1905. He was the second child of Khwaja Mohammad Azam, superordinate of Panchayati raj in Dhaka and artist Meherbanu Khanam, daughter of Khwaja Ahsanullah. Journalist and poet Khwaja Mohammad Adil was his elder brother. He worked for Wari Club and Dhaka Sports Association. He used to play table tennis and hockey in the 1930s and 1940s. He was the first motor vehicle user in Dhaka.
He played a significant leading role both as an actor and a cameraman in Sukumari and The Last Kiss.
He joined the Dhaka station in Radio Pakistan as an announcer in 1949 and also participated in many radio dramas. One of his sons collaborated with the Pakistani forces during the Bangladesh Liberation War, which led to his assassination by the Mukti Bahini on 17 December 1971.
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77250425
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu%20Hajer%20al-Hadhrami
|
Abu Hajer al-Hadhrami
|
He was one of the pioneers of jihadist nasheeds. His nasheeds were famous for many factors, including the topics, rhythm, background effects, as well as singing in the local Yemeni dialect rather than Standard Arabic. He sang over 90 nasheeds in less than 6 years. Many of his nasheeds praised Osama bin Laden, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, and Abu Mohammad al-Julani. He made nasheeds for various groups, including Al-Qaeda, Al-Nusra Front, Ansar al-Sharia in Yemen, the Islamic State, and others. Despite being a member of AQAP, which opposed the Islamic State, his Islamic State nasheeds were released before the rivalry of AQAP and the Islamic State. It was common for AQAP members to support the Islamic State, as Nasir al-Wuhayshi had intended to join the Islamic State if they came to Yemen, although in 2015 he chose to remain with Ayman al-Zawahiri. When the Islamic State eventually came to Yemen in 2015, it also sparked a rivalry and defections amid the Al-Qaeda–Islamic State conflict.
After AQAP took control of Mukalla on April 2 2015, he made his first public appearance. He was killed in an American airstrike on Mukalla on July 10, 2015, that killed many other significant members of AQAP. His funeral was held in his childhood home in Mukalla. Al-Malahem Media released a documentary about his life. Despite him being an official member of AQAP, after his death, there were debates over his allegiance, as members of Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State both claimed that Abu Hajer was loyal to their organisation.
| 2.078125
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77250471
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ourisia%20integrifolia
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Ourisia integrifolia
|
Ourisia integrifolia flowers from December to February and fruits from January to March.
The chromosome number of Ourisia integrifolia is 2n=32.
Distribution and habitat
Ourisia integrifolia is endemic to Tasmania, Australia.
This species is usually found at or above the bushline, in montane to alpine, damp to wet herbfields, bogs, shrubland, and plateaus, in shady areas near streams or waterfalls, from 800 to 1615 m above sea level.
Phylogeny
Two individuals of O. integrifolia were included in phylogenetic analyses of all species of the genus Ourisia using standard DNA sequencing markers (two nuclear ribosomal DNA markers and two chloroplast DNA regions) and morphological data. The placement of O. integrifolia was not fully resolved by this analysis, and depending on the analysis, it was either placed sister to the New Zealand clade, or sister to a clade of New Zealand + South American herbaceous species.
In another phylogenetic study using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), six individuals were sampled of O. integrifolia. O. integrifolia was monophyletic with high support in the phylogenetic analyses of AFLP data, and was used as an outgroup to the New Zealand species and to root the tree. The six sampled individuals of O. integrifolia also comprised one of the significant clusters in the Bayesian clustering analysis.
| 2.75
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77250506
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological%20history%20of%20Hindustani
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Phonological history of Hindustani
|
Tadbhava (, "arising from that") refers to terms that are inherited from vernacular Apabhraṃśa (, "corrupted"), from the dramatic Prakrits, and further from Sanskrit. An example is Hindustani jībh "tongue", inherited through Prakrit jibbhā, from Sanskrit jihvā. Such words are the focus of this article.
Tatsama (, "same as that") refers to words that are borrowed into Hindi or Old Hindi directly from Sanskrit with minor phonological modification (e.g. lack of pronunciation of the final schwa). The Hindi register of Hindustani is associated with a large number of tatsama words through Sanskritisation. An example is Hindustani jihvāmūlīy "guttural", directly from Sanskrit jihvāmūlīya.
Ardhatatsama (, "half-same as that") refers to words that are semi-learned borrowings from Sanskrit. That is, words that underwent some tadbhava sound changes, but were adapted on the basis of a Sanskrit word. An example is Hindustani sūraj "sun", which is from Prakrit sujja, from Sanskrit sūrya. We would expect Hindustani *sūj from Prakrit, but the -r- was added later on after the Sanskrit word. Such adaptation to Sanskrit occurred continuously and as early as the Middle Indo-Aryan stage. Adapted words were crucial to determining the date and chronology of sound changes.
Deśaj (, "indigenous") refers to words that may or may not be derived from Prakrit, but cannot be shown to have a clear Sanskrit etymon. This is sometimes complicated by Sanskrit re-borrowing of Prakrit words. Such words sometimes derive from Non-Indo-Aryan languages—primarily Austroasiatic (Munda) languages, as well as Dravidian and Tibeto-Burman languages. An example is Hindustani ōṛhnā "to cover up, veil", from Prakrit ǒḍḍhaṇa "covering, cloak", from Dravidian, whence Tamil உடு (uṭu, "to wear").
In the context of Hindustani, other etymological classes of relevance are:
| 2.546875
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77250506
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological%20history%20of%20Hindustani
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Phonological history of Hindustani
|
Perso-Arabic loanwords, which came to Old Hindi from Classical Persian. The pronunciation is closer to Classical Persian, rather than modern Iranian Persian. The Urdu register of Hindustani is associated with a large number of Perso-Arabic loanwords. An example is Hindustani zubān "tongue, language", from Classical Persian zubān (whence Persian zobân).
Borrowings from Northwestern Indo-Aryan. Modern Hindustani, while based primarily on the language of the Khariboli region, comes from a dialectal mixture. Many of the Western Hindi dialects are transitional to Punjabi and the Northwestern Indo-Aryan languages, and have donated words to Hindustani that underwent Northwestern sound changes. We often encounter doublets like Hindustani makkhan "butter", borrowed from Northwestern dialects (compare Punjabi makkhaṇ), and Hindustani mākhan, the native tadbhava term which is now archaic/obsolete outside of fossilized phrases.
Like many other languages, many phenomena in the historical evolution of Hindustani are better explained by the wave model than by the tree model. In particular, the oldest changes like the retroflexion of dental stops and loss of ṛ have been subject to a great deal of dialectal variance and borrowing. In the face of doublets like Hindustani baṛhnā "to increase" and badhnā "to increase" where one has undergone retroflexion and the other has not, it is difficult to know exactly under what conditions the sound change operated. One often encounters sound changes described as "spontaneous" or "sporadic" in the literature (such as "spontaneous nasalization"). This means that the sound change's context and/or isogloss (i.e. dialects in which the sound change operated) have been sufficiently obscured by inter-dialect borrowing, semi-learned adaptations to Classical Sanskrit or Prakrits, or analogical leveling.
From Vedic Sanskrit to Early Middle-Indo-Aryan
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77250506
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological%20history%20of%20Hindustani
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Phonological history of Hindustani
|
Counter-examples to vowel rules
The above rules and their caveats still do not sufficiently explain all cases of vowel length and gemination encountered in Hindustani, but it is closest to the ordering of the rules that Turner proposes in his analyses of Gujarati, Marathi, and Hindi. More complex phenomena must be employed to explain the counter-examples.
The first set of counter-examples are cases where gemination appears to have been lost early-on, predating the VCː > VːC rule. These are confined to:
The Prakrit participle suffix -aṃta(ō), which loses nasalization and becomes Old Hindi -atā > Hindustani -tā, as in kartā "doing"
Geminate consonants in pleonastic suffixes, e.g. -akka-, -illa-, -ulla-, -aṭṭa-, etc. — Prakrit pālakka > pālaka > Hindustani pālak "spinach", rather than pālakka > *pālāka > Hindustani *palāk.
Geminates after prefixes (e.g. from Sanskrit ud-, nis-, and vi-), unless the prefix syllable carried the positional stress of the word.
The second set of examples are from semi-learned adaptation to Sanskrit. For instance, from Prakrit aṃdhaa we predict Hindustani *ā̃dhā but find andhā "blind", under influence of the Sanskrit etymon andha. From Prakrit suddhi we predict Old Hindi *sūdha (> Hindustani *sūdh) but find sudha "memory, sense" (> Hindustani sudh), under influence of the Sanskrit etymon śuddhi.
| 2.171875
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77251013
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo%20Buonamici
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Carlo Buonamici
|
In 1895 Buonamici returned to Italy where he served his required year of compulsory military service in the Italian Army. After completing his military duties, He immigrated to the United States in 1896 where he ultimately settled in Boston. He was a prominent piano pedagogue in Boston. In 1898 he co-founded the Fox-Buonamici School in Boston with the concert pianist Felix Fox. One of his pupils was the pianist Margaret Cravens who was known for her close friendship with the poet and critic Ezra Pound. Other students of note included concert pianist George Copeland, the soprano and Juilliard School voice teacher Florence Kimball; concert pianist, Vassar College professor, and founder of Chicago's Lake Forrest School of Music Marta Milinowski; pianist and singer Erva Giles who had a career during the early years of American radio and made recordings for the Victor Talking Machine Company and Brunswick Records during the 1920s; composer and pianist Grace Cotton Marshall who published her music under the pseudonym G. Marshal-Loepke; and the concert pianist John Adams Warner; the latter of whom became a police officer after having a career as a concert pianist, ultimately serving as state superintendent of the New York State Police. In addition to teaching at his own piano school, he taught music at Miss Porter's School in Farmington, Connecticut.
Buonamici was active as a concert pianist in Boston for many years; performing in many recitals and concerts. He performed as a soloist with the Boston Symphony Orchestra on numerous occasions; including in the 1901-1902 season when he performed Liszt's Hungarian Fantasy. In 1908 he toured Europe as a concert pianist.
Buonamici served in the Italian Army during World War I from 1916 until the Armistice of 11 November 1918.
Buonamici died suddenly while at work at Miss Porter's School in Farmington, Connecticut on 30 September 1920 at the age of 45.
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77251119
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto%20Adolf%20Weismann%20von%20Wei%C3%9Fenstein
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Otto Adolf Weismann von Weißenstein
|
In 1771 he made a number of brave searches beyond the Danube, where he once captured 170 cannons and destroyed large supplies of food. He was awarded the Order of St. George, 2nd degree, and received a division. The swiftness of his actions earned him the nickname "Achilles" in the Russian army.
In 1773, Weismann was appointed to cross the Danube at Izmail with his division, go up the right bank to Gurobal, from Silistra/Silistria, and to there provide cover for the crossing of the main forces of Pyotr Rumyantsev's army. Weismann executed this maneuver, defeated an 8,000-strong Turkish detachment observing a course of the river, and then through Hîrșova moved to Gurobal. There he attacked the 10,000-strong corps of Osman Pasha at their flank and defeated them. This ensured that the transfer of the army across the Danube could be made unhindered. However, during its further movement towards Silistra, Weismann had to hand over his division to Stupishin, the senior among the lieutenant generals, and was appointed head of the vanguard.
Osman Pasha, who was defending Silistra, tried to delay the Russian movement and with 30,000 troops took a favourable position below the fortress. Relying on it, he attacked the vanguard with cavalry, but Weismann immediately formed his 3 battalions into infantry squares and repelled all attacks, thus giving time for the cavalry to arrive and drive the Ottomans away. Pursuing them, Weismann reached the fortress, where his appearance caused great confusion. Weismann did not dare, however, to take advantage of the confusion and use his small forces to take Silistra, as the main Russian forces were still moving through 2 passes.
| 2.65625
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77251141
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alina%2C%20a%20Girl%20with%20a%20Jug
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Alina, a Girl with a Jug
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Alina, a Girl with a Jug, also simply known as Alina, and as Girl with a Jug, is a statue located in the Stefan Żeromski Park in Warsaw, Poland. It was made by Henryk Kuna and unveiled in 1936. The sculpture depicts a woman holding a jug, and it is placed on top of a fountain. It is commonly regarded as a symbol of the district of Żoliborz.
History
The sculpture Alina, a Girl with a Jug was made by Henryk Kuna and unveiled in 1936 at the main entrance of the Stefan Żeromski Park. The artist named it after the main character of 1834 drama Balladyna by Juliusz Słowacki. It became a popular symbol of Żoliborz.
In 1989, the sculpture was given the status of a protected cultural property. In 1990, it was stolen by unknown perpetrators, most likely between 27 and 28 October. It was found a year later buried in the ground in Olszynka Grochowska and broken into several parts. It was restored and unveiled in its original location on 17 June 1992. Later it was also given the honourary citizenship of Żoliborz.
In 1997, a replica of the statue was made for the art exhibition Żoliborz. Obrazy z dziejów. Afterwards, it was moved to the Żoliborz Civic Centre, where it remains to this day.
Characteristics
The sculpture depicts a woman in a dress, holding a jug in her right hand. It is placed on a top of a fountain and located at the main entrance of the Stefan Żeromski Park. The sculpture is regarded as a symbol of the city district of Żoliborz, and it has the status of its honourary citizen, as well as a protected cultural property.
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77251328
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil%20Weilsh%C3%A4user
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Emil Weilshäuser
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Emil Weilshäuser (31 July 1827 – unknown) was a German publisher, writer, translator, and lebensreformer ("life reformer") who advocated for vegetarianism. He was a leading figure in the early German vegetarianism movement and published and translated a number of English-language works on vegetarianism into German. He also authored several works on the subject, including a vegetarian cookbook, which went through several editions. Weilshäuser served as President of the Vegetarian Society of Germany from 1882 to 1885 and was a member of the British Vegetarian Society and Victoria Street and International Anti-Vivisection Society.
Life and work
Emil Weilshäuser was born in Oppeln, Silesia, on 31 July 1827, as the sixth child in a family where his father was a printer. Educated at the local gymnasium, he learned printing in his father's office. His eldest brother, Gustave, a lifelong vegetarian who died in 1890, was a strong influence.
Weilshäuser became a vegetarian himself after a butchered calf fixed their dying gaze on him. In May 1844, his brother lent him Wilhelm Zimmerman's Der Weg zum Paradies ("The Way to Paradise"), which solidified his commitment to vegetarianism. Despite early opposition from his father, reading Gustav Struve's Mandaras''' Wanderungen ("The Wanderings of Mandaras") and Jean-Antoine Gleizes's Thalysie further reinforced his beliefs. Weilshäuser translated Thalysie into German but struggled to find a publisher.
In 1850, Weilshaeuser emigrated to Texas with fellow Silesians but returned the following year due to the challenges of maintaining his vegetarianism. From 1855 to 1862, he ran a printing office in Neustadt, Silesia. After several failed business attempts, he retired with a modest income, realizing his true talent did not lie in business.
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77251363
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef%20Ludv%C3%ADk%20Fischer
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Josef Ludvík Fischer
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Josef Ludvík Fischer (6 November 1894 – 17 February 1973) was a Czech philosopher and sociologist, and an exponent of philosophical structuralism.
Life
Fischer was born on 6 November 1894 in Prague. After studies at upper secondary schools in České Budějovice and Třeboň (he graduated in 1912) he graduated from the Faculty of Arts, Charles University, majoring in Czech, German, and philosophy. He received his doctorate in 1919 (PhD. dissertation: Arthur Schopenhauer. Genese díla – Arthur Schopenhauer. Genesis of his works). From 1921 to 1923, he worked in Prague libraries and was actively involved in the left-wing movement. He contributed articles to Stanislav Kostka Neumann's Června, Bedřich Václavek's Studentské revue, and worked with Zdeněk Nejedlý on the magazine Var. Due to his left-wing activities, he was transferred away from Prague, to the Student Library in Olomouc, where he was employed until 1933. From 1924 to 1930, he was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
In 1927, with his habilitation work Saint-Simon and Auguste Comte, Masaryk University in Brno awarded him the title Docent in Sociology, and in 1930 Docent in Philosophy. At the turn of the 1920s and 1930s, together with Bedřich Václavek and Jiří Mahen, he edited the magazine Index (1929–1939), and with Inocenc Arnošt Bláha and Emanuel Chalupný, he founded and edited the Sociologická revue (1930–1940, 1945–1948). From 1933 to 1935, he worked for the university library in Brno, and became an associate professor of sociology and the history of philosophy at Masaryk University in 1935. In Brno, he took part in the Left Front and in 1938 he became the head of the Brno office of the Společnost přátel demokratického Španělska (Society of Friends of Democratic Spain).
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77251647
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haasea
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Haasea
|
Haasea is a genus of millipedes in the family Haaseidae. This genus is the largest in this family, with 17 accepted species. Millipedes in this genus have either 28 or 30 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last).
Distribution
Millipedes in this genus are widespread in central Europe, with a distribution across about 650 km from the Harz mountains in northern Germany down to the Durmitor massif in Montenegro, and from Luxembourg and the French-Swiss border across to the Eastern Carpathian mountains in Romania. Most species appear in the Alps and the Dinarides, also extending to the Bohemian massif, the Ore mountains, the Sudeten mountains, and both the Western and Eastern Carpathian mountains, across the Pannonian Basin, and to the Southern Carpathian mountains and the Balkan mountains. Although these millipedes are found in most of the Alps, they are absent from the Western Alps, including the Pennine Alps.
Taxonomy
The German zoologist Karl W. Verhoeff first proposed Haasea in 1895 as a subgenus in the genus Craspedosoma to contain three species, including C. flavescens. Later in same year, however, the American biologists Orator F. Cook and Guy N. Collins instead proposed Xiphogona as a genus for C. flavescens, which they designated as the type species. Verhoeff responded in 1897 by proposing Orobainosoma as a genus for the same species. In 1898, the Italian zoologist Filippo Silvestri proposed Rhopalogona as a genus to replace Haasea. More names and confusion followed, until the Dutch myriapodologist Casimir Albrecht Willem Jeekel recognized the validity of Haasea as a genus with Haasea flavescens as the type species in 1971. Authorities have since deemed all the other names proposed for this genus to be junior synonyms of Haasea.
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77251778
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration%20and%20Extension%20of%20South%20African%20Citizenship%20Act%2C%201993
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Restoration and Extension of South African Citizenship Act, 1993
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The Restoration and Extension of South African Citizenship Act (Act No. 196 of 1993) was a naturalisation law passed at the end of the apartheid era in South Africa in 1993 and prior to first election in 1994. It restored South African citizenship rights to black South African's, lost after the creation of four independent "homelands" or Bantustans.
Background
This Act of Parliament restored South African citizenship to Black inhabitants of independent homelands of Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda, and Ciskei. These independent states where given self-government between 1972 and 1977 due to an Apartheid policy of forced removal of all black inhabitants out of what was planned to be, a "white South Africa", and into homelands belonging to one of ten possible Black racial groups. Around seven million people regained their citizenship and allowed them to vote in the first 1994 South African general election open to all races.
Content of the Act
The following is a brief description of the sections of the Restoration and Extension of South African Citizenship Act, 1993:
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77252657
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Tawahin%20%28978%29
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Battle of Tawahin (978)
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The Battle of Tawahin took place on 15 August 978 between the Fatimid army, led in person by Caliph al-Aziz, and the forces of Alptakin, the Turkic ruler of Damascus.
The battle followed a series of back-and-forth operations by both sides for control of Palestine and southern Syria during the previous years, in which Fatimid forces had advanced from Egypt, only to be defeated and thrown back by varying combinations of regional rivals. At Tawahin, Alptakin defeated the Fatimid left, but al-Aziz managed to break through the Daylamites holding the Turk's centre and right, winning the battle, and with it control of Syria. Alptakin was captured but treated honorably, and his Turkic and Daylamite soldiery, who had proven their worth against the Kutama Berbers who until then composed the bulk of the Fatimid military, were taken into Fatimid service. Augmented with these forces, the Fatimids were able to expand their rule over Syria in the following decade and enter into a conflict with the Byzantine Empire. The battle thus marked the beginning of the eclipse of the Kutama as the mainstay of the Fatimid Caliphate.
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77252931
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How%20to%20Lie%20with%20Maps
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How to Lie with Maps
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Impact and reception
How to Lie with Maps has been widely acclaimed for its insightful and accessible treatment of a complex subject, and is considered a classic in cartographic literature. It has been referred to as a "bible for cartographers" by Steven Bernard of the Financial Times, and "the closest thing to a religious text we have in cartography" in Spatial Literacy in Public Health: Faculty-Librarian Teaching Collaborations. The book has been used as assigned reading in classrooms, and translated into Chinese, Czech, French, German, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish, and has had a global impact on cartographic research. The book is praised for making the technical aspects of map-making understandable to a general audience while highlighting the importance of critical thinking when interpreting maps. The magazine Geographical listed How to Lie with Maps as one of the "Eight essential books for geographers" in 2020.
Across the various editions, there are several consistent criticisms of the work. Examples are dated and include references to the Soviet Union, even in the 3rd edition, when more contemporary examples may have worked, and statistics reviewers considered dated in the 1st edition were still included in the 3rd. The figures are often difficult to read, and several criticized in the 1st edition were not replaced in later editions. While chapters added to later editions are considered to have improved the work, one reviewer stated that they thought the original chapters "still need a new coat of paint."
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77253091
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte%20Bue
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Monte Bue
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Mount Bue, located north of Mount Maggiorasca, from which it is separated by the Colletta Pass, is characterized by a vaguely pyramidal shape and a grassy summit. It is composed of resurfaced ophiolitic sandstones that are the origin of the mountain's smoother shapes compared to the neighboring mountain peaks generated by outcrops of basalts and peridotites.
The summit of Mount Bue is the point where the ridge dividing the Aveto valley from the Ceno valley splits, giving rise to the Nure valley.
On the slopes of the mountain, in the municipality of Ferriere, there is the Sacchi bivouac and the short Mazzocchi ferrata, while in the municipality of Santo Stefano d'Aveto there is a refuge at Prato della Cipolla.
Tourism
On the Aveto side there is a ski resort, called Santo Stefano Ski Area with a ski lift, two chairlifts and a treadmill in service of the school camp where people can learn to ski. The area also includes a ring for cross-country skiing.
In summer, the area is popular for hiking and rock climbing, with the crags of Rocca del Prete, Mt. Maggiorasca, Waiting for Fred, and Dente delle Ali; these crags are characterized by the presence of often quite crumbly ophiolite.
| 2.03125
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77253152
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mykola%20Mykhalevych
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Mykola Mykhalevych
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Mykola Mykhalevych (; 1 July 1843 – 27 November 1922) was a Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest, popularizer of beekeeping, public figure.
Biography
Mykola Mykhalevych was born on 1 July 1843 in Romashivka (now the Bilobozhnytsia rural hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine).
Mykhalevych studied theology in Lviv. In 1866 he was ordained a priest; he served in parishes in Chystyliv, Ternopil Raion, as a staff member at St. George's Cathedral in Lviv, and in 1871–1914 in the parish of Cherneliv-Ruskyi.
In his last years he lived with the parish priest, dean, and his student Sydor Hlynskyi, in Butsniv, Ternopil Raion, where he died on 27 November 1922. He was buried in Cherneliv-Ruskyi, Ternopil Raion.
Public activities
He was active in public life. In particular, he initiated the creation of the regional "Tovarystvo ukrainskykh pasichnykiv" in Ternopil (1913). The founder and chairman of the primary branch of the Prosvita in Cherneliv-Ruskyi, he promoted bee breeding and also took care of schooling.
Beekeeping
He established an apiary with more than 100 bee colonies (he conducted observations and experiments), introduced new types of hives, including the "Halytskyi" type. During the World War I, the apiary was destroyed, and only 30 bee colonies were restored.
Contributed to several journals ("Ukrainske bdzhilnytstvo", "Ukrainskyi pasichnyk", "Hospodarskyi chasopys"), published the book "Pasika", which was later reprinted several times.
Commemorating
A street in Ternopil was named after Mykhalevych (1991), and a statue was unveiled in Cherneliv-Ruskyi (2001, sculptor Vasyl Sadovnyk, architect Danylo Chepil; initiator of the construction was Bohdan Rudka). The Ternopil Regional Association of Beekeepers named after him was founded.
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77253275
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odete%20Isabel
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Odete Isabel
|
Isabel served a three-year term, which was particularly notable for her development of a network of kindergartens, having noticed the difference between local children and her nephews who went to a kindergarten near Aveiro funded by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. In her job she was a daily victim of sexism, discovering that men did not like to be told what to do by women. She also discovered that the municipality had virtually no resources. At a later stage in her political career she had a falling out with the PS, being expelled from the party in 2003 for having successfully run for the council as an independent in 2001. She would reconcile with the party in 2017.
Freemasonry
In 2000, inspired by her friend, António Arnaut, a writer, politician and freemason, Isabel joined the Grande Loja Feminina de Portugal (Women's Grand Lodge of Portugal), the only masonic lodge for women in the country. She was Grand Master of the lodge between 2010 and 2012 and re-elected to the position in October 2021. She has been a campaigner for men-only lodges to be opened to women.
Honours and awards
Isabel received a gold medal for distinguished service from the ministry of health on World Health Day, 2010 and in the same year the Medal of Honour from the Order of Pharmacists in Portugal. A kindergarten, now a primary school, has been named after her in Mealhada.
| 2.0625
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77253498
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinocereus%20scopulorum
|
Echinocereus scopulorum
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Echinocereus scopulorum is a species of cactus native to Mexico.
Description
Echinocereus scopulorum grows as a solitary cactus with cylindrical shoots ranging from long and up to in diameter, concealed by spines. It has 13 to 15 ribs, with three to ten central spines shorter than the approximately 20 peripheral spines, which are whitish with darker tips and long.
The fragrant, funnel-shaped flowers are light pink to magenta with a white throat, appearing near the tips of the shoots. They are centimeters long and up to in diameter. The spherical to egg-shaped fruits are dark green with white pulp, dry when ripe, but do not crack open.
Distribution
Echinocereus scopulorum is found along the coastal xeric scrublands of the Mexican state of Sonora, on Isla Tiburón, and in the states of Sinaloa and Nayarit. It lives in the Sonoran desert, on rocky soils at elevations of .
Taxonomy
First described by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose in 1922 in The Cactaceae, the species name scopulorum, meaning 'mountain peak', 'cliff', or 'rock' in Latin, refers to its preferred habitat.
| 2.84375
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77253535
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles%20of%20Narol
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Battles of Narol
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Battles in June 1944
In the first days of June 1944, near Narol, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) attacked the "Lusia" company from Lubaczów. The soldiers of this company manned an outpost in Majdan and Chlewiska. After the experience of 21 May, when the UPA easily approached Lipsko, the attacking Ukrainians most likely intended to repeat this manoeuvre. In the initial phase of the battle, a Polish soldier from the advanced lookout was killed, followed by an exchange of fire for over an hour with the entire Lubaczow company. Before the subunits of the "Narol" company arrived with relief from Kadlubiska and Narol, the UPA partisans retreated to their starting positions in Kołajce and Pawliszcze.
The Ukrainian Insurgent Army again unsuccessfully stormed Narol on 4 June where the defenders inflicted heavy losses on them and repulsed the attack.
According to the account of a soldier from the "Narol" company, Stanislaw Woloszyn "Wolf", it appears that in response to the Ukrainian attack, soldiers from the Brzeziny Bełżeckie outpost surrounded and burnt down Kołajce. After "Wrzos"'s men withdrew, several AK soldiers from the Łukawica outpost entered the burning village and threw grenades at the unoccupied Ukrainian buildings. At the same time, the "Lusia" company attacked and set fire to Pawliszcze. According to Ukrainian documents, on the night of 5-6 June, Poles burnt down the villages of Kolajce and Pawliszcze, killing four civilians. The next day, 6 June, AK soldiers attacked Płazów, where they killed nine Ukrainians. Further attacks occurred in the following days.
In retaliation for these attacks, on 16 June on the Bełżec-Rawa Ruska railway section near the village of Zatyle, a 20-strong Ukrainian subunit stopped a passenger train and selected the passengers. The Ukrainians murdered 40 Poles and wounded four others. Among those killed was a Volksdeutsch from Tomaszów Lubelski. Three women managed to escape.
| 2.15625
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77253571
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah%20Business%20and%20Chancery%20Court
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Utah Business and Chancery Court
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In 2023, in the American state of Utah, the Utah Legislature (Senate and House of Representatives), unanimously passed statutory amendments creating a statewide business court, the Utah Business and Chancery Court, and Utah's governor signed it into law. The Business and Chancery Court is to become operational in 2024.
History of the Business and Chancery Court
Utah House Bill 216 creating the Business and Chancery Court was chiefly sponsored by Representative Brady Brammer. The final version of the bill was unanimously passed by the Utah Senate and House of Representatives, and was signed into law by the governor on March 20, 2023. The new court will not become operational until October 1, 2024. The Business and Chancery Court's creation was supported by the Utah State Bar. Utah Code § 78A-1-101, addressing courts of record in the state, added the Business and Chancery Court as one of Utah's courts of justice and courts of record, effective July 1, 2024.
Nature and design of the Business and Chancery Court
The Business and Chancery Court is a specialized business court with limited, statewide, jurisdiction, concurrent with Utah's district courts per Utah Code § 78A-5a-102. The statute setting out its jurisdiction, Utah Code § 78A-5a-103, lists certain case types of a business or commercial nature that fall within the court's jurisdiction, as well as case types that fall outside of its jurisdiction. In addition, to come within the Business and Chancery Court's jurisdiction, cases must have a minimum amount in controversy of $300,000 or seek equitable relief. Jury trials are not permitted in the Business and Chancery Court.
The law creating the Business and Chancery Court provides for distinct judges and court administrators, with a physical location in Salt Lake City, Utah, but it can carry out its functions in any part of the state. The Business and Chancery Court judges are required to publish all final decisions and orders, and to make them publicly available on a website.
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77253647
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinocereus%20waldeisii
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Echinocereus waldeisii
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Echinocereus waldeisii is a species of cactus native to Mexico.
Description
Echinocereus waldeisii typically grows with a main shoot that can produce several climbing side shoots and up to eight carrot-like rhizomes. This plant usually forms a symbiotic relationship with creosote bushes (Larrea tridentata) via mycorrhiza, allowing its thin shoots to lean on them. The green, slender, cylindrical shoots have a diameter of and can grow over high. They have eight low, slightly tuberculated ribs. The thorn pads consist of 20 to 27 radial spines and 6 to 10 central spines, each long.
The funnel-shaped flowers are light to creamy yellow with brown central stripes on the outer petals. They usually appear at the shoot tips and are up to long and in diameter.
The olive-green to brownish, egg-shaped fruits have a few thorny pads that fall off when ripe. The fruits are sweet and fruity, reaching up to in size.
Distribution
Echinocereus waldeisii is a steno-endemic species found in the semidesert brushlands of Mier and Noriega region, on the border of the Mexican states of Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, and San Luis Potosí growing between elevations of . It is considered endangered due to its limited and specialized habitat.
Taxonomy
The species was first described by Erich Haugg in 1993. The species is named in honor of Dieter Waldeis, who discovered it.
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77253708
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinocereus%20adustus
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Echinocereus adustus
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Echinocereus adustus is a species of cactus native to Mexico.
Description
Echinocereus adustus typically grows as a solitary cactus. Its shoots are depressed spherical to short cylindrical, reaching up to long and in diameter, with fibrous roots. It has 11 to 20 wavy, slightly tuberous ribs. The cactus may have up to nine dark brown to blackish central spines, up to 3.2 cm long, with the top spine being very short and the bottom spines spreading horizontally. It also has 8 to 31 white marginal spines with darker tips, up to long, with the radial spines being the longest.
The short, funnel-shaped flowers are pink, appearing well below the shoot tips. They are long and in diameter, with white or very light green scars. The egg-shaped fruits are up to long with falling thorns, and when ripe, they are almost dry and split vertically.
Subspecies
There are two recognized subspecies:
Distribution
Echinocereus adustus is found growing in sandy loam in grasslands in the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Durango at altitudes between .
Taxonomy
The species was first described by George Engelmann in 1848. The specific epithet "adustus" is Latin for "blackened" or "burnt," referring to the blackish spines of the cactus.
| 2.828125
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77253768
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinocereus%20pulchellus
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Echinocereus pulchellus
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Echinocereus pulchellus is a species of cactus native to Mexico.
Description
Echinocereus pulchellus typically grows alone, shrinking during the dry season and retreating underground. Its blue-green spherical shoots range from in length and have the same diameter, with thickened roots. The plant has nine to 17 widely spaced, slightly tuberculated ribs. It has three to 14 radial spines that are yellowish to whitish, darkening with age, and are long. The broadly funnel-shaped flowers are pink to magenta or white, appearing on the sides of the shoots. They are long and up to in diameter. The small spherical fruits are nearly dry when ripe and contain only a few seeds.
Distribution
Echinocereus pulchellus is found in the Mexican states of Oaxaca, Hidalgo, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas, and Nuevo León, growing on grassy patches at altitudes of 1800 to 2400 meters. Despite its large distribution area, populations are limited to narrow habitats.
Taxonomy
Originally described as Echinocactus pulchellus by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in 1832, the specific epithet pulchellus derives from the Latin word pulcher, meaning 'pretty'.
| 2.875
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77253772
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinocereus%20schereri
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Echinocereus schereri
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Echinocereus schereri is a species of cactus native to Mexico.
Description
Echinocereus schereri typically grows solitary with gray-green cylindrical shoots up to long and in diameter. It has 12 to 18 tuberous ribs and no central spines. There are 21 to 24 comb-like radial spines, slightly pink to brownish with darker tips, measuring long. The flowers are funnel-shaped and reddish-purple, appearing near the shoot tips. They are long and in diameter. The fruits are spherical to egg-shaped, starting green and turning brown.
Distribution
Echinocereus schereri is found growing in the rocky slopes and shrub-land in Sonora ( Sierra de Alamos, San Antonio, Arroyo Gochico, Rio Cuchujaqui, upper Rio Cuchujaqui, E of Maicoba), Chihuahua ( Sierra Charuco), and Durango, Mexico at elevations between 350 to 1800 meters. Plants are found along with Cochemiea grahamii, Mammillaria standleyi, Mammillaria marksiana, Mammillaria mercadensis, Mammillaria standleyi, and Echinocereus subinermis.
Taxonomy
It was first described by Gerhard R. W. Frank in 1990. The species is named in honor of German cactus collector Egon Scherer.
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77253934
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysistrata%3A%20Adapted%20from%20Aristophanes%20for%20modern%20performance
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Lysistrata: Adapted from Aristophanes for modern performance
|
After taking a solemn oath to withhold sex from their husbands and lovers, and after seizing the city’s treasury in the Acropolis – without money, Lysistrata assures the audience, the men will be unable to wage war – the women succeed in chasing away a group of soldiers sent to re-take the treasury. In doing so, the women make a strong case that their household skills are all that is needed to introduce good and peaceful government throughout Greece.
Lysistrata also makes a convincing case that it is the women who suffer more than the men during times of war, since it is the women who lose their sons and husbands, and who are left alone to weep without consolation.
Even so, once the soldiers retreat, it turns out the that women begin to miss their men, so much that they start plotting ways to escape their promise and return to their beds, even if only for a single night.
In desperation, Lysistrata calls on the goddess Athena to encourage the women to be true to their oath. For a while, Athena’s speech emboldens them, until Myrrhine’s desperate husband, Kinesias, appears and tries to convince Myrrhine to break her oath.
Although wanting to spend the night with Kinesias, Myrrhine succeeds in stringing him along. Eventually, when he fails to agree to propose a peace treaty to the city’s Assembly, she abandons him in frustration.
Soon afterward, an Envoy arrives in Athens from Sparta. After an initial scuffle, it turns out that both the Athenians and the Spartans are so frustrated by the situation that they have no option but to give in to Lysistrata’s proposal for peace.
With Lysistrata’s help, a new alliance is formed, and the play ends with a great celebration.
Characters
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77253974
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20J.%20Barron
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Thomas J. Barron
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Thomas J. Barron (13 November 1903 – 5 March 1992), known as Tom, was an Irish folklorist and amateur historian. A primary school teacher by profession, Barron became respected through extensive local field research, conservation efforts, and his regular contributions to the Irish Folklore Commission, with articles largely gathering and detailing the folklore of the East Cavan area.
He is best known for bringing a number of pre-historical Irish objects to national attention, including a late Neolithic gold lunula, objects excavated from late Bronze Age crannogs, and the Iron Age Corleck and Corraghy stone idol heads. According to the writer and archeologist Anne Ross, Barron was the first to associate the cultic stone heads with calendar festivals, specifically the Lughnasadh harvest festival.
Life and career
Thomas Barron was born on 13 November 1903 to John James and Margaret (née White) Barron, and had two brothers and a sister. He was raised in Knockbride, County Cavan, and spent all his life in the county. The Barron family descended from Scottish Covenanters who settled in County Armagh, before moving to Cavan c. 1760. Barron started work as an assistant teacher in the early 1930s, before attaining a permanent position at Knockbride National School in 1935. He became principal of Bailieborough National School in 1950. He married Sarah Elizabeth Mahood Canningstown (also a teacher) in August 1944. Throughout his life he was a respected educator, and in 1990, he was asked to advise on a proposed cross-community curriculum in Northern Ireland.
| 2.671875
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77254570
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Turrah
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Al-Turrah
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The culture
The town's culture is part of the broader cultural landscape of the Hauran Plain. In the past, the town's mudafis or dawawin served as cultural forums where public affairs were discussed, poetry was recited, and the rebab was played, among other activities. Conversely, folk dances, the most significant of which is the Jawfiya, are regarded as a representative emblem of Hauran as a whole. However, they exhibit regional variations in terms of the poems sung and certain aspects of the performance. The dance is performed by two rows of men who meet in a manner similar to that of the Dahiya dance. The men clasp their hands together and then one of the men recites poetic verses in a lyrical manner, which the men then repeat. This gives the attendees a sense of enthusiasm.
Conversely, the Hauran Dabke represents a significant aspect of the cultural heritage of the Hauran Plain, particularly in the context of Al-Turrah. It is regarded as a distinctive and distinctive folkloric heritage in the region. In terms of poetry, it held a significant position in the affections of the town's inhabitants, both men and women, who frequently recited verses of Nabati poetry in their daily lives, particularly women. Additionally, older women are accustomed to chanting with their voices what is referred to as "hijini," which is distinct from the conventional hijini, which is analogous to singing with a daha. It is merely a method of reciting verses of poetry, and these women engage in this practice to entertain themselves when they are alone or with other women. This is due to the nature of the population, their ancient Bedouin origins, the nature of their settlement, and the influence of the environment on them as well. They have always considered themselves owners of a culture that blends nomadism and agriculture. Their nature blends the arrogance of the Bedouin and the discipline of the farmer with the same personality.
Cuisine
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77254570
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Turrah
|
Al-Turrah
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The town's agricultural history is inextricably linked to that of the Hauran Plain. Indeed, the Romans were so reliant on the plain for wheat crops that they named the area Ehra' Rome. Additionally, the region is renowned for its summer crops, including watermelon, cantaloupe, okra, pumpkin, and other varieties. These crops are cultivated in what is locally referred to as suhari. Despite the richness and quality of the soil in Al-Turrah, the land was reserved for non-permanent crops such as cereals and summer crops for a very long time. This may have been due to the necessity of providing pasture for the sheep and goats of Al-Turrah. The introduction of permanent trees would have impeded this process, but this changed in the latter part of the 20th century. The planting of permanent trees commenced gradually, although they remained exclusively olive trees with a few exceptions, such as grape, fig, and pomegranate trees.
Education and health care
The history of educational institutions in the town commences with the establishment of the Emirate of Transjordan. At that time, Al-Turrah Primary School for Boys was established, as education had previously been based solely on kuttabs. The schools were:
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77254735
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosuge%20Slip%20Dock
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Kosuge Slip Dock
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The is the remains of Japan's first western-style dock, erected in the Bakumatsu period in what is now the Kosuge neighborhood of the city of Nagasaki of Japan. The site was designated a National Historic Site in 2009. and was later designed as a component of the Sites of Japan's Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining, which received UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 2015.
Overview
The Kosuge Slip Dock is the remains of a patent slip-style dry dock for ship repairs, located on the west coast of Nagasaki Port in the western part of Nagasaki City. This style of dock is an inclined plane extending from shoreline into water, featuring a "cradle" onto which a ship is first floated, and a mechanism to haul the ship, attached to the cradle, out of the water onto a slip. It was commonly known as the "Soroban Dock", as the slide used to pull up ships looks like an abacus.
It was constructed by Godai Tomoatsu in 1867, with Komatsu Kiyokado of the trading company Yamato Trading, and British merchant Thomas Blake Glover as investors. All the equipment for the slip dock, including the towing machinery and boilers, was imported from Great Britain, and the manufacturing method for the bricks used on the exterior walls was learned from the Dutch. It was completed in 1868, but was sold in 1869 to the Meiji government and made into an annex of the government-run Nagasaki Ironworks. . In 1872, Emperor Meiji inspected the site in person. In 1884, the main factory, land, buildings, machinery, and all other equipment were sold to Mitsubishi, and became the foundation for the current Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Nagasaki Shipyard. The towing shed, towing machinery, tracks, and stone walls remain in good condition.
It is located approximately 3.7 kilometers southwest of Nagasaki Station, or 1.6 kilometers southwest of the Glover House.
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77254790
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mattei%20Athena
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Mattei Athena
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The Mattei Athena is a Parian marble sculpture dating to the 2nd or 1st century BC. It is considered by scholars to be a copy of the Piraeus Athena. It It was purchased by the Louvre in 1824 and is currently on exhibit at the Louvre Abu Dhabi.
Structure
The Mattei Athena and the bronze Piraeus Athena are almost identical in regards to their size, stance, and dress. The statue has several areas of damage, including to the head, which had been broken at the top of the neck. The nose is a modern restoration along with several other areas of the face. The Mattei Athena's left hand and wrist are also part of a modern restoration, but it is considered likely that they matched the Piraeus Athena originally.
The position of the right hand and arm differ between the sculptures — the Piraeus Athena's right arm extends forward with her palm up, while the Mattei Athena's arm is bent and her hand sits on her hip. This difference is attributed by scholars to economic and technical reasons. To carve the right arm extending forward would have required more marble, and the arm might not have been strong enough to hold something, as it is believed the Piraeus Athena originally did. The Corinthian helmet also differs slightly between the Piraeus Athena and the Mattei Athena, with the cheek-pieces of the Mattei Athena's helmet depicting ram's heads rather than the owls.
| 2.859375
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77255329
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich%20Klostermann
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Erich Klostermann
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In 1907 he was appointed as an associate professor of New Testament and early Christian literature at Kiel. In 1911, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Jena. He also finally gained a job as a full professor in 1911, at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universität (the modern University of Strasbourg) in Strassburg, Alsace–Lorraine. During World War I he served as a hospital chaplain in addition to his professorship in Strasbourg. For his work, he received the Red Cross Medal and the Iron Cross, Second Class. At the end of the war in 1918, Alsace was returned to France, and all the German professors were expelled from Strassburg (now Strasbourg). In 1919, he took a job at University of Münster, and in 1923, he moved to the University of Königsberg to teach there. In 1927 he was appointed a corresponding member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences.
In 1928, he once again received a full professorship position, this time at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in Halle (Saale). At Halle he resumed his work on the commentaries, and focused on Origen's commentary on Matthew, taking advantage of the university's extensive collection of patristics which he became the main curator of. After Harnack's death, in 1931 Klostermann became co-editor of (Texts and Studies on the History of Early Christian Literature). Klostermann took emeritus status in 1936. In his retirement, he undertook a new edition of the Homilies of Macarius-Symeon, but he was unable to complete it. After the fall of the Nazi government and subsequent de-Nazification efforts in 1945 removing various compromised staff members, Klostermann was reactivated from retirement to teach again. He continued teaching at Halle until 1954.
Personal life
In his personal life, Klostermann married Melania Smugge in 1902. The couple had 2 sons and 1 daughter.
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77255546
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin%C3%A9ad%20Donnelly
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Sinéad Donnelly
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Sinéad Donnelly (also Ni Dhonnghaile) is an Irish–New Zealand academic, and is a full professor at the University of Otago, specialising in palliative care.
Academic career
Donnelly was born in Ireland, and trained there as a palliative and general medicine physician. Her father was a physician, and her whole family trained in health care. Donnelly trained with Ireland's first palliative medicine specialists Dr Michael Kearney and Professor Tony O’Brien.
Donnelly completed a Master of Health Science in 2020 titled The experiences of ethical issues at the end of life for first and second year doctors at the University of Otago. Donnelly then completed a research PhD at the Cleveland Clinic in America. She was the first Irish doctor to be awarded a doctorate for research on palliative medicine. Donnelly joined the faculty of the University of Otago in Wellington in 2009, and works at Wellington Hospital. She was appointed associate professor in 2020 and full professor in 2024.
Donnelly is Chair of the network Hospital Palliative Care Aotearoa, and a founding member of the Palliative Care Collaborative Aotearoa, which advocates for "better, more equitable palliative care available across New Zealand". Donnelly has produced six documentaries about social justice issues and palliative care, some of which have been shown on television and used in medical training. In 2023 her documentary Te Whakahemohemo, The Way We Care, showed stories of dying patients and their carers, and the healthcare professionals around them. It premiered at the Roxy Cinema in Miramar, Wellington, and was shown on Maori TV.
Selected works
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77255768
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell%20Caves
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Russell Caves
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The Russell Caves are a group of seven rock-cut caves that Count Henry Russell, a renowned Pyrenean mountaineer, had dug into the Vignemale massif in the French department of Hautes-Pyrénées, to serve as a shelter and holiday resort.
Exploring the Pyrenees since 1858, Count Russell spent many nights on the peaks he climbed. In the early 1880s, he decided to settle on a mountain and build a natural shelter for long stays at high altitudes during the summer. He chose the Vignemale, the highest peak in the French Pyrenees. In 1881, a contractor from Gèdre drilled his first cave near the Cerbillona pass, the "Villa Russell", at an altitude of 3,205 meters. Six other caves were created up to 1893, at altitudes varying between 2,400 and 3,280 meters: the "Grotte des Guides", the "Grotte des Dames", the three "Bellevue caves" and the "Grotte Paradis".
In his caves, Henry Russell hosted meals and welcomed numerous guests, all of whom praised the quality of his hospitality. By the end of the 19th century, the caves had become a must for Pyrenean visitors to the region, who left a testimonial in the visitors' book at the top of the Pique Longue. At the beginning of the 21st century, the retreat of the Ossoue glacier rendered some of these caves inaccessible.
Henry Russell, the Pyrenees and Vignemale
After climbing several Pyrenean peaks in the summer of 1858, Henry Russell turned his attention to exploring the range from 1861 onwards, becoming one of the leading figures in Pyrenean climbing. That same year, on September 14, he climbed the Vignemale, the highest peak in the French Pyrenees, for the first time. From then on, he had a special relationship with this peak, making what is considered Europe's first major winter ascent on February 11, 1869, with guides Hippolyte and Henri Passet.
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77255965
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1931%20Lower%20Hutt%20mayoral%20election
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1931 Lower Hutt mayoral election
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The 1931 Lower Hutt mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. The elections were held for the role of Mayor of Lower Hutt plus other local government positions including the nine borough councillors, also elected biennially. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.
Background
A committee waited on the mayor, Sir Alex Roberts, requesting that he accept nomination for a second term as mayor. Roberts said he would consider the matter. He later said he would not accept nomination for another term. His time as mayor had been dominated by the Great Depression where he did what he could to provide relief for impoverished. Former mayor Will Strand was asked to stand in place of Roberts, which he accepted to do. The Lower Hutt branch of the Labour Party decided not to run a candidate for the mayoralty or a full ticket of council candidates. With no other candidates emerging Strand was declared elected unopposed. The Labour Party did nominate two council candidates.
Councillor results
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77256330
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarikh-i-Khan-Jahani
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Tarikh-i-Khan-Jahani
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The work was principally written by Nimat Allah al-Harawi, a waqia-navis (newswriter) of Iranian descent in the Mughal Empire, but may have been based on substantial material previously formulated by Haybat Khan Kakar, an Afghan from Samana who served as an attendant of Khan Jahan Lodi. The Tarikh also involved the input of several assistants and informants, similar to other written histories of the era. Sections on the history of different Afghan ruling dynasties mostly drew from previous written sources, while the information on Afghan tribal lineages largely drew from oral histories that circulated among the Afghan diaspora in the early 17th century. The Tarikh-i-Khan-Jahani is an example of the Mughal court's Persianizing effect on different tribal leaders who had been assimilated into the imperial fold, reflected by the choice of tarikh (Persian chronicling) as the medium for this early history of the Pashtuns over their native language of Pashto. Previous written histories sponsored by Mughal rulers served as the text's immediate models.
The Tarikh-i-Khan-Jahani was completed around 1613. Shortly after its initial conception, it was abridged into a version termed the Makhzan-i-Afghani ().
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77256874
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20Weekly%20Messenger
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New York Weekly Messenger
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New York Weekly Messenger was a weekly periodical that was established in the 1830s in New York City.
Early history
Badger's Weekly Messenger was established by Barber Badger on July 4, 1831, in New York City, New York until July 11, 1832. It was soon continued as the New York Weekly Messenger from 1832 to 1833. From 1833 to 1836, the publication underwent a name change, becoming the New York Weekly Messenger, and Young Men's Advocate. In 1836, the publication shortened its name back to New York Weekly Messenger.
The publication was committed to covering topics in religion, literature, science, agriculture, commerce, and public affairs.
The editor, Barber Badger, launched the project after having been the editor of the Methodist Episcopal Church's weekly newspaper, The Christian Advocate starting in 1826.
The New York Weekly Messenger was first published by Barber Badger and William Burnett. In 1832, the publishers Burnett & Smith published the newspaper at 17 Ann Street in Manhattan. It was later published by Abijah Abbot from 1836 to 1837.
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77257290
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Goriola
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Daniel Goriola
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Daniel Goriola (born 29 March 2005) is a British hurdler. He became British national champion in the 110m hurdles in 2024.
Early life
Daniel attended Our Lady’s Catholic Primary School, Dartford. He proceeded to Dartford Grammar School for his secondary education]. In 2023, he was runner up in the 110m hurdles at the English Schools Championships. He attends Nottingham University from 2023 where he studies law.
Career
He is coached by Tony Jarrett at Blackheath and Bromley Athletics Club. In June 2023, he became the England under-20 champion in the 110m hurdles in Chelmsford.
In February 2024, he finished third in the 60m hurdles at the 2024 British Indoor Athletics Championships in Birmingham. That month, he set a personal best of 7.72 in the process of winning the British Universities and Colleges Sport (BUCS) 60m hurdles title. The time placed him second all-time in the British under-20 age group to Jon Ridgeon’s 7.68 which was set almost 40 years previously. He also won the BUCS outdoor 110m hurdles title in May 2024 in Manchester, running 13.66 seconds.
In June 2024, he won the South of England U20 title over 110m hurdles. That month, he won the 2024 British Athletics Championships in Manchester over 110m hurdles. At the age of 19 years-old, he became the first U20 athlete to win the title since Colin Jackson. In July, Daniel secured his place for the U20 World Championships, 2024 by winning the U20 110m hurdles at the Alexander Stadium in Birmingham. He was subsequently selected for the 2024 World Athletics U20 Championships in Lima, Peru.
In October 2024, he was nominated by Athletics Weekly for best British male junior. In November 2024, he was named by British Athletics on the Olympic Futures Programme for 2025.
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77258226
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20Shelters
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Death Shelters
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Death Shelters () is a term used for the fortified shelters located at Re'im Junction and Alumim Junction, where dozens of young Israelis were killed and taken hostage while fleeing the Re'im music festival massacre on October 7, 2023.
Background
As part of the surprise attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, fighters who Israeli sources describe as Hamas' Nukhba forces arrived at a music festival called "Nova Festival," which took place in a forest near Kibbutz Re'im on the night between October 6 and 7, 2023. Hamas forces raided the festival, killing 364 civilians and injuring hundreds of others. Additionally, 44 individuals were kidnapped by Hamas forces and other organizations to the Gaza Strip, some of whom were later released as part of a hostage exchange and "Operation Arnon." During the massacre, the militants also committed sexual assaults and rapes. This was the largest terrorist attack in Israel's history.
Israeli law has mandated shelters; known as Merkhav Mugan (Hebrew: מרחב מוגן), for several decades. The first security room or shelter was based on a 1951 civil defense law which has gone through several revisions after major events such as being targeted with Scud missiles in the Gulf War. The shelters are reportedly designed to withstand blast and shrapnel from standard weapons, and some protection against chemical and biological weapons.
Attacks and abductions during 7 October 2023
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77258243
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto%20Buchwitz
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Otto Buchwitz
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Nazi Germany
After the Nazis came to power, Buchwitz, along with other SPD Reichstag deputies, voted against the Enabling Act and subsequently went into exile in Denmark.
From there, he organized the escape of German regime opponents to Sweden and wrote for the anti-fascist weekly "Freies Deutschland" published in Brussels. On 16 September 1937, he was stripped of his German citizenship. Only a few days after the German occupation of Denmark in April 1940, he was arrested in Copenhagen and handed over to the Gestapo in July. In July 1941, he was sentenced to eight years in prison.
Buchwitz was first imprisoned in Brandenburg-Görden Prison, then in Sonnenburg concentration camp. There, the illegal communist leadership contacted him, and they discussed their course of action until the end of Nazi rule and thereafter.
On 27 April 1945, the prison director Thümmler and most of the guards fled before the approaching Red Army. The political prisoners disarmed the remaining guards and took over the leadership of the prison. A military formation occupied the gate. Around 2 PM, the first Soviet tank reached the prison. On 28 April, about 100 former political prisoners moved via Bagow and Nauen to Berlin. Buchwitz was so weakened that he had to be transported in a handcart.
Soviet occupation zone
After 1945, Buchwitz actively participated in the forced merger of the SPD and KPD into the SED, despite not being a friend of the KPD before the war. His fiercest adversary in this regard in Saxony was Stanislaw Trabalski, whom he called Krawalski ("Krawall" meaning "riot" in German). Subsequently, from April 1946 to December 1948, he co-chaired the SED state leadership in Saxony in parity with former Communist Wilhelm Koenen. From April 1946 to July 1964, he was a full member of the Party Executive Committee (PV), later Central Committee of the SED.
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77258285
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism%20in%20Lebanon
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Terrorism in Lebanon
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Islamic extremism
During the Lebanese Civil War, the Islamist Islamic Unification Movement (Tawheed) militiamen were responsible for several acts of violence in Tripoli against the local cells of the Alawite ADP and LCP. In October 1983, the IUM/Tawheed executed a series of terrorist attacks against the Tripoli offices of the Communist Party, targeting Party cadres and their families. In one occasion, Tawheed fighters rounded up some 52 top Communist members, forced them to renounce their atheism and then summarily shot them, dumping the victims' bodies into the Mediterranean.
Fatah al-Islam is an Islamist group operating out of the Nahr al-Bared refugee camp in northern Lebanon. It was formed in November 2006, by fighters who broke off from the pro-Syrian Fatah al-Intifada, itself a splinter group of the Palestinian Fatah movement, and is led by a Palestinian fugitive militant named Shaker al-Abssi. The group's members have been described as militant jihadists, and the group itself has been described as a terrorist movement that draws inspiration from al-Qaeda. Its stated goal is to reform the Palestinian refugee camps under Islamic sharia law, and its primary targets are the Lebanese authorities, Israel and the United States. On 21 June 2007, Lebanese State Prosecutor Saeed Mirza filed criminal charges against 16 Fatah al-Islam members accused of carrying out bombings against two civilian buses that killed two people and injured 21 others near Ain Alaq, a Lebanese mountain village.
Many Islamist militias have taken base in the Ain el Hilweh refugee camp. Because Lebanese Armed Forces are not allowed to enter the camp, Ain al-Hilweh has been called a "zone of unlaw" by the Lebanese media. Many people wanted by the Lebanese government are believed to have taken refuge in the camp as a result of the lack of Lebanese authority.
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77258285
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism%20in%20Lebanon
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Terrorism in Lebanon
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On 23 August 2013 two mosques were bombed in Tripoli, Lebanon. 47 people were killed and five hundred more injured in what has been called the "biggest and deadliest" bombing in Tripoli since the end of Lebanon's Civil War. Although nobody has claimed responsibility, it was perceived as an attack on the Lebanese Sunni community, with residents blaming Bashar al-Assad and Hezbollah. On 10 January 2015, nine people were killed and more than 30 wounded when two suicide bombers blew themselves up in a crowded café in Jabal Mohsen, Tripoli, Lebanon. The al-Qaeda affiliated terrorist group Nusra Front took responsibility for the attacks that targeted the Alawite area.
Between 2011 and 2017, fighting from the Syrian civil war spilled over into Lebanon as opponents and supporters of the Syrian Arab Republic traveled to Lebanon to fight and attack each other on Lebanese soil. The Syrian conflict stoked a resurgence of sectarian violence in Lebanon, with many of Lebanon's Sunni Muslims supporting the rebels in Syria, while many of Lebanon's Shi'a Muslims supporting the Ba'athist government of Bashar Al-Assad, whose Alawite minority is usually described as a heterodox offshoot of Shi'ism. Killings, unrest and sectarian kidnappings across Lebanon resulted.
The Free Sunnis of Baalbek Brigade, also known as the Ahrar al-Sunna Baalbek Brigade, was a Sunni jihadist group active in Lebanon. It first rose to prominence in November 2013 when it retaliated against the Shia Islamist group Hezbollah, after clashes between locals Sunnis in Baalbek and members of Hezbollah. The group is known for attacking the Iranian embassy in Beirut in 2013 and attacking Christian churches. On 30 June 2014, the group pledged its allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).
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77258426
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Antoinette%20Duchesne
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Marie-Antoinette Duchesne
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Marie-Antoinette (or Marie Antoinette) Cailleau Duchesne (after 1713 – 1793) was an 18th-century bookseller and publisher in Paris, France. In 1767, Voltaire used a commonly used phrase when he called her, "the exact and shrewd widow Duchesne."
Life and work
Marie-Antoinette was born in Paris, the daughter of André Cailleau and Antoinette Pérette Huguier, after 1713. As a child, she became familiar with the world of publishing by way of her father, maternal grandfather, Charles Huguier, and brother, André-Charles Cailleau, all publishers and booksellers.
She married Nicolas-Bonaventure Duchesne on 28 April 1747, a merchant who had traveled to Paris from the Cotentin Peninsula, in Normandy, to find work with various book vendors. With his marriage to Marie-Antoinette, the daughter of a master bookseller, Duchesne was received into the Paris community and took over André Cailleau's successful bookshop. Duchesne went on to develop a very active publishing policy favoring theater and literature, the publication of famous authors such as Voltaire and Rousseau, and the publication of almanacs and periodicals. When Duchesne died on 4 July 1765, Marie-Antoinette took over the business on Rue Saint-Jacques, and became the publisher and retail bookseller in her own right. She became widely known as "Widow Duchesne."
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77258780
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang%20Ziyu
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Zhang Ziyu
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Zhang Ziyu (, born 1 May 2007) is a Chinese basketball player. She is known for her height; sources vary from . She was named the most valuable player of the 2024 FIBA Under-18 Women's Asia Cup.
Early life
Zhang was born on 1 May 2007 and grew up in Shandong province in China. Her parents were both basketball players and began teaching her the sport when she was age five. By first grade, she was reported to have a height of and by sixth grade, she was reported to be , according to the Global Times.
Zhang attended Wenhua East Road Primary School in Jinan, junior high school at Tsinghua University High School in Beijing and later Jinan Sports School, and high school at Shandong Experimental High School in Jinan. When she was age 14, she competed at the U15 National Basketball League tournament and helped her team win the finals. Measuring at a reported at the tournament, she went viral after recording 42 points, 25 rebounds and six blocks in the finals, being noted for "towering over her opponents". She received comparisons to Chinese NBA star Yao Ming.
In 2022, Zhang scored 62 points and 13 rebounds at the national U15 championship and then three weeks later scored 68 points and 24 rebounds at the provincial championships. She was the star player for Shandong at the U17 national championship in 2023, scoring 30 points and 21 rebounds in 26 minutes to help the team win the finals.
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77258838
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles%20of%20Kika%20and%20Velegllava
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Battles of Kika and Velegllava
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The Battles of Kika and Velegllava were fought first on 28 June 1944 and later again on 26 July 1944, during World War II, between Yugoslav Partisans and Balli Kombëtar forces, in the territory of German occupied Albania.
First Battle
The first Offensive by the Yugoslav forces of the 22nd Division, aimed at the Velegllava height of Kika Mountain in the Gollak region, occurred on June 28, 1944. A group of 500-600 men, mobilized from Toplica, Vranje, and Leskovac, launched an offensive towards Kika However, they encountered fierce resistance from Balli Kombëtar units. During the 12-hour-long fight, which continued into June 29, 1944, the Yugoslav partisans were defeated with significant losses. In the first battle, the Yugoslav Partisans suffered heavy losses, with 200 killed and 131 taken as Prisoners of War. The Ballist forces also faced losses, with 17 killed, including 2 officers, and many injured. On the Ballist side several Commanders such as Abdi Gjoka from Mati, Bajram Poliçka, and others were killed in the first battle.
Second Battle
During the night between July 25 and 26, Yugoslav Partisans of the 21st, 22nd, 24th, and 25th divisions, with new military reinforcements of about 3,000-3,500 soldiers, launched a wide-scale offensive on a 20 km front with the goal of capturing Gjilan. The Yugoslav partisans attacked Kika Mountain once more, and the second battle again concluded with a Ballist victory. The Partisans suffered 143 killed and 209 wounded, while on the Albanian side, 34 Ballists were killed. Among the dead was one of the Ballist commanders, Islam Shahiqi.
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77259260
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stowbtsy-Naliboki%20Group
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Stowbtsy-Naliboki Group
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After Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, the Stowbtsy District was incorporated into the newly created Reichskommissariat Ostland. Supported by Belarusian Auxiliary Police, the Germans exterminated most of the local Jews and imposed ruthless terror on the Polish population. Meanwhile, the Naliboki forest became a refuge for Red Army soldiers who had escaped from German camps or avoided capture after the defeat in the Battle of Białystok–Minsk, as well as for Jews who had fled from nearby ghettos. At the turn of 1942 and 1943, Soviet officers and commissars who had been transferred from behind the front lines began transforming these scattered groups of survivors into regular partisan units. Major General Vasily Y. Chernyshev, codenamed Platon, led the Baranovichi Partisan Group, while Grigory A. Sidorok, codenamed Dubov (the district secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in Ivyanyets), was the commander of the Ivyanyets inter-district center. By late September 1943, the Baranovichi Group numbered 8,795 partisans, and ten months later, this number had grown to nearly 25,000. The Soviet partisans significantly harassed the local population, mass-requisitioning food, clothing, and other property. Often, these "economic operations" took the form of outright robbery, accompanied by beatings, murders, and rapes of women. The Jewish units of Bielski partisans and Symcha Zorin were particularly ruthless in looting the peasants.
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77259260
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stowbtsy-Naliboki%20Group
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Stowbtsy-Naliboki Group
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Threatened with encirclement, the Home Army battalion was forced to retreat deeper into the forest. Initially, the Polish partisans successfully evaded the German dragnet, although they had to abandon most of their transport during the crossing of the Shubin-German canal. Soon, the unit was pushed into the most inaccessible part of the Naliboki forest, known as the Bare Swamps. With the encirclement tightening and no possibility of continuing open combat, the Polish command was compelled to split the battalion into small groups of from 20 to 25 soldiers and order them to find safety on their own. Most partisans managed to escape the dragnet, but many were killed or captured. Soviet brigades managed to break through to the vicinity of Minsk but suffered heavy losses in the process.
The blockade of the Naliboki forest ended on August 8. The Polish battalion suffered losses of at least 40 killed, several dozen wounded, and over 100 missing. Among the fallen and murdered were the commander of the 1st Company, Cadet Officer Lech, and the commander of the 3rd Company, Staff Sergeant Szary. The latter company, composed mainly of deserters from the Belarusian auxiliary police, suffered the heaviest losses, as many of its soldiers, having escaped encirclement, chose not to return to the partisans. The battalion lost nearly 60% of its weapons, including all heavy machine guns and mortars, as well as its transport and most of its horses. The greatest victims of Operation Hermann, however, were the civilian population. To deprive the partisans of support, the Germans created a "scorched earth" zone within a radius of between 10 and 15 kilometers around the forest. They completely destroyed 60 villages and an undetermined number of individual farmsteads and forester's lodges, killing 4,280 people. Between 21,000 and 25,000 people were sent for forced labor to the Third Reich. The elderly, women, and children were resettled outside the blockade zone.
Rebuilding the unit
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77259260
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stowbtsy-Naliboki%20Group
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Stowbtsy-Naliboki Group
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The agreement was approved by the command of the Nowogródek District of the Home Army. However, news of Góra's contacts with the Germans was met with a very negative reaction from the Home Army Main Command and the Polish government-in-exile. Both General Tadeusz Komorowski, codenamed Bór, and General Kazimierz Sosnkowski demanded the severance of all relations with the Germans. Given the political and military situation in Nowogródek region, following these orders would have meant the destruction of the Stowbtsy Group and the dismantling of the local underground network. For this reason, the commander of the Nowogródek District, Lieutenant Colonel , took it upon himself to instruct Góra to continue contacts with the Germans, only prohibiting any written agreements. Ultimately, his actions were tacitly approved by the Home Army Main Command.
Initially, it was assumed that the truce would last no more than a few days, but it actually remained in effect until almost the end of June 1944. In the short term, the agreement proved beneficial for both sides. After 1 December 1943, Soviet partisans in the Naliboki forest focused on fighting the Home Army, practically giving up more serious actions against the Germans. Meanwhile, by concluding the truce with the Germans, Góra gained the necessary time and resources to rebuild the unit shattered by the Soviets. Upon learning that the Polish group had not been annihilated and was still fighting, 75 to 150 abducted soldiers escaped from the Soviet units over the next few months. New volunteers also continued to join the unit. By mid-January 1944, Góra's group had 106 soldiers. By early February, this number had risen to 157, and by April, the group's strength had increased to 446 partisans.
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77259260
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stowbtsy-Naliboki%20Group
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Stowbtsy-Naliboki Group
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Fighting from 1 August 1944 to 15 August 1944
On August 1 at 3:00 PM, Captain Szymon received the order from the commander of the Warsaw District of the Home Army to start the uprising in the capital and its outskirts. Given that this happened just two hours before the designated start time, the scattered and not fully mobilized forces of the VIII Region had no chance to complete their concentration and strike their main target, which was the , by the deadline. Ultimately, only the partially mobilized 1st Battalion of the Kampinos forces took part in the first attack on the airfield. The main forces of the VIII Region completed their concentration in the area of Hill 103 in in the night of August 1/2.
The second attack began around 4:00 AM on August 2. At that time, 984 Home Army soldiers attacked, including infantry from Lieutenant Dźwig's battalion and Lieutenant Jar's heavy machine gun squadron (the Naliboki units formed the right wing of the attack). However, the VIII Region forces were too poorly armed and too few to capture the heavily fortified airfield. After hours of fighting, all Polish attacks were repelled. Lieutenant Góra, who took command of all forces in place of the severely wounded Szymon, had to order a retreat to the Łuże area due to a lack of ammunition and the threat of a flank attack from the Modlin road. The VIII Region suffered 31 killed and 45 wounded in this battle, with the Naliboki units losing 9 killed or missing and several wounded. A particularly painful loss was the death of the popular commander of the Third Company, Lieutenant Helski. The Home Army units in the Kampinos Forest remained incapable of conducting significant offensive actions until mid-August 1944. Nevertheless, the German command soon ordered the destruction of the Bielany airfield. Some Polish historians and veterans were convinced that it was the VIII Region's attacks that prompted the Germans to abandon the base.
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77259260
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stowbtsy-Naliboki%20Group
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Stowbtsy-Naliboki Group
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On August 20, there were already six companies from the Kampinos Group in Żoliborz, numbering from 750 to 940 well-armed soldiers. The insurgent command decided to use the forest soldiers to break through the German barrier separating the Old Town from Żoliborz, centered around the Warszawa Gdańska railway station and the nearby circumferential railway line. This task was extremely difficult, as the station and tracks were defended by numerous German defensive positions, reinforced by bunkers and protected by barbed wire entanglements. The defenders were additionally supported by an armored train, and the tracks' foreground was flanked from the west and east by German artillery and machine gun fire from the nearby Chemical Institute, Buraków, Citadel, Traugutt Fort and Romuald Traugutt Park. The Polish units, on the other hand, did not have heavy weapons, and their command had a very vague idea of the enemy's numbers and positions. The forest soldiers were unfamiliar with the future battlefield and had no experience in urban warfare. The commander of insurgent Żoliborz, Lieutenant Colonel , codenamed Żywiciel, did not agree to assign them local guides. Abolishing the previous organizational division into Witold's Naliboki and Mścisław's Kampinos-Sochaczew battalions also proved to be a fatal move. Instead of integrated battalions, waves of mixed composition and limited practical control by their formal commanders went on the offensive.
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77259260
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stowbtsy-Naliboki%20Group
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Stowbtsy-Naliboki Group
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On September 27, the Germans launched a large-scale anti-partisan operation in the Kampinos Forest, codenamed Sternschnuppe (English: Falling Star). Following Major Okoń's earlier plans, Kampinos Group began to retreat towards the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. Despite the poor organization of the march, the Polish group initially evaded the encirclement effectively. During the retreat, Dolina and his soldiers covered the rear of Kampinos Group, fighting the German pursuit in the Łuszczewko and Baranów areas. At dawn on September 29, the Polish group reached the railway tracks of the Warsaw–Żyrardów line near the village of Budy Zosine, near Jaktorów. Okoń unexpectedly ordered a several-hour stop. The major probably intended to allow stragglers and the rear guard to join the main forces and use the break in the march to rest and reorganize the column. This, however, gave the Germans time to gather numerous units in the area and encircle the Polish group. After an all-day battle with superior enemy forces, Kampinos Group was defeated, losing between 150 and 200 killed, about 120 wounded, about 150 taken prisoner, and almost all its heavy weapons and transport. Among the killed were about 75 soldiers of the Stowbtsy Group, including the commander of the 3rd Squadron, Cadet Officer Narcyz, and the quartermaster, Lieutenant Jastrząb, while Captain Nieczaj and Lieutenant Strzała were wounded. The commanders of the 1st and 2nd Uhlan Squadrons, Senior Warrant Officer Wołodyjowski and Senior Warrant Officer Lawina, were captured by the Germans.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stowbtsy-Naliboki%20Group
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Stowbtsy-Naliboki Group
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During the stop in the Przysucha forests, Dolina partially disbanded his unit, leaving the wounded and sick under the care of the local population. He himself, along with 80 cavalrymen, returned around October 10 across the Pilica river to gather more precise information about the scale of the defeat of Kampinos Group. On October 14, Dolina's partisans set an ambush on the road near Wola Pękoszewska. They destroyed several cars and captured some ammunition and other supplies. The next day, during a stop in the village of Pniowe, they attacked a German subunit that unexpectedly approached the Polish positions. For the price of one fallen soldier, they destroyed two vehicles, killed about 30 Germans, and took twelve more prisoners, including the commanding captain. On the evening of October 16, the Polish unit reached the tracks of the Skierniewice–Żyrardów railway line, which turned out to be heavily guarded by the Germans. Faced with the enemy's heavy presence, Dolina abandoned both the idea of breaking through to the Kampinos Forest area and further staying near Skierniewice. Despite pursuit by German armored units, the Polish unit managed to withdraw across the Pilica river again on the night of October 17/18.
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77259300
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas%20Yusupov
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Nicholas Yusupov
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University life
Prince Nicholas studied law at Saint Petersburg University, graduating in 1905. He was an amateur actor and writer. He was friends with the actor Vsevolod "Vova" Blumenthal-Tamarin and the prima ballerina Anna Pavlova. Using the nom-de-plum "Rokov", Nicholas also wrote romantic poems. With his first girlfriend Polya, he helped his younger brother perform as a cross-dressing singer in The Aquarium, a café in Saint Petersburg. Felix remembered: "There was a gap of five years between my brother Nicholas and myself; this at first hampered our intimacy, but by the time I was sixteen we had become fast friends. Nicholas went to school and then to the University of St. Petersburg. He liked military life no better than I did and refused to become a soldier. However, his character differed from mine and resembled my father’s. From my mother, he inherited a gift of music, literature and the arts. At twenty-two he directed a company of amateur comedians who gave private performances. This greatly shocked my father, who always refused to allow him to act in our own theatre."
Romance
In the summer of 1907, Nicholas and his brother went to Paris where he met the famed courtesan Manon Loti, who he fell in love with. When he returned to Saint Petersburg, his mother Zinaida pressured him to marry, settle down and secure the family line. She was growing increasingly concerned with her sons' infamous lifestyles. Maria Rasputin claims in her memoir that Nicholas was engaged to Countess Maria Evgenievna "Munya" Golovina (b. 1881), who later worked as Rasputin's secretary. However, while Nicholas' brother Felix often mentions Munya "Mademoiselle G." in his own memoirs, no mention is made of an engagement between her and his brother.
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77259366
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024%20European%20floods
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2024 European floods
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France
At least one person was killed when 1,300 homes were affected by floods in northern France as a result of Storm Henk in January. Eight departments in northern and western France were put under flood alert. Particularly affected was the town of Arques in the Pas-de-Calais department. The River Aa overflowed following heavy rains. On 10 March, five people were killed by floods following violent storms across southern France, with seven others reported missing. On 31 March, heavy rainfall lead to the severe flooding of the town of Montmorillon. Floods in Central France affected the departments of Yonne and Saône-et-Loire in April. In June, heavy rains caused flooding in Eauze, Montréal, and Fourcès in Gers.
Due to Storm Kirk, a storm swell near the port city of Sete overturned three boats, killing one amateur sailor and leaving another two in critical condition, according to Herault department authorities. Hurricane Leslie's remnants brought significant flooding to the country. Numerous communes recorded over of rain, with rainfall in Mayres exceeding . Some buildings were submerged, along with 700 people losing power. Strong winds uprooted a tree, killing a man and injuring his two children.
Germany
Flooding in Germany caused at least nine deaths, insured property damage of €2.2 billion, and over 3,000 displaced individuals.
In May 2024, over 100 liters of rain per square meter came down in less than 24 hours over Saarland. A woman in Saarbrücken was injured during an evacuation and later died, while a Red Cross worker died following a rescue operation from heart failure.
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77259397
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Gallup
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Lee Gallup
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Fred "Lee" Gallup (August 25, 1896 – October 7, 1995) was an American politician and farmer. He served as the representative for the 19th district in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1949 to 1955.
Early life and career
Fred Gallup was born on August 25, 1896, in Liberty Township in Jefferson County, Iowa, to William Kinney and Stella Thompson Gallup. He graduated from Birmingham High School and was a student at Iowa State College for two years.
He first married Helen Parson in 1918. They had their first child together, and Parson died a few hours later in 1922.
Political career
Before the Iowa House of Representatives, Gallup served as a Libertyville, Iowa, township trustee and the mayor of Libertyville.
Gallup defeated the incumbent, Wilson Reed, in the Republican primary. He won against Democrat Wilbur J. Dole in the general election; Dole was unopposed in the Democratic primary. Gallup was assigned to a steering committee.
Personal life
Gallup was a Methodist and affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. He was the third cousin of statistician George Gallup. Gallup died on October 7, 1995.
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77259474
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Belen%20Pass
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Battle of Belen Pass
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The Battle of Belen Pass was a military engagement between the Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha and the Ottoman army of Hussein Pasha. The Ottoman army suffered a serious setback, causing them to lose Syria to the Egyptians.
Background
Having won his victory at the battle of Homs, Ibrahim occupied Hama and Aleppo and then headed for the Beilan mountain pass, situated between Antakiyah (Antioch) and Alexandretta. The pass was the key to the heart of the Ottoman Empire, Asia Minor, and here were stationed the main forces of the Turkish army, under the command of serdar-i-Akram, Hussein Pasha. The Ottoman army had a force of 17,000 men or 45,000 men and 160 guns. The Egyptians had a force of 14,000 men. Examining the Ottoman position, he determined that facing them face-to-face was impossible, instead, he decided to flank their left wing and occupy the mounds positioned in the center while also sending another force to outflank their right wing.
Battle
Ibrahim led the force towards the left wing. His march was difficult given the rough passages there as they had to endure hardship climbing upwards. The Ottoman noticed their advance and began boarding them, Ibrahim responded with fire cannons. The Egyptians continued their march and passed the Ottoman left-wing area. The Egyptians then occupied the mounds that protected and oversaw the Left-wing position. They placed their cannons and bombarded them, causing heavy casualties to the Ottomans. Meanwhile, another force of Egyptians attacked the Ottomans in the center, similar thing happened on the right. These attacks caused disorder in the Ottoman army and began retreating from their positions. The Ottomans were dispersed in the mountains.
The battle happened on 29/30 July.
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77259552
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orphan%20bicycle
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Orphan bicycle
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An orphan bicycle is a bicycle that is left in public space and has not been used for a long time. The owner is often unknown. They are sometimes called abandoned bikes or ownerless bikes, but this is an imprecise term as it is often difficult to verify whether the bike is stolen or simply abandoned. Since bicycle registration usually is not mandatory, it is often very difficult to find the owner.
Environmental issues
Orphan bicycles are an environmental problem littering the streets. They very often take up bicycle parking spaces in central locations that could have been used by others. Many bicycles are also thrown at the sea, in rivers or in other nature, which disturbs wildlife and can be considered vandalism. There have also been examples of abandoned bicycles starting rescue operations.
Orphan bicycles can often lack essential parts such as saddle, handlebars or wheels, which spoil the streetscape. These parts may have been stolen, or may have been taken off the bike before the owner got rid of it.
Legal status
Refurbishing stolen or abandoned bikes is a legal gray area as it is difficult to verify whether the bike is stolen or just abandoned. The bicycles can be stolen goods. They are often stored for longer periods, possibly to "cool down" after bicycle theft. In other cases, there are bicycles that the owner has left on purpose for various reasons, for example because they consider it obsolete.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss%20Society%20of%20Economics%20and%20Statistics
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Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics
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The Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics (SSES) ( (SGVS), French: Société suisse d'économie et de statistique (SSES); Italian: Società svizzera di economia e di statistica (SSES)) is a Swiss learned society for economics and an association comprising all Swiss universities with faculties of economics, based in Zurich. Kurt Schmidheiny from the University of Basel serves as the current president of the SSES. The society is a member of the . The SSES holds an ex officio position on the executive council of the Verein für Socialpolitik. The society publishes the Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, an open-access peer-reviewed academic journal.
History
The society was founded in 1864 as the Swiss Statistical Society (German: Schweizerische Statistische Gesellschaft, (SSG)). In 1937, it changed its name to the Swiss Society for Statistics and Economics (, (SGSV)). In 2001, the name was slightly altered to the Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics (German: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Volkswirtschaft und Statistik, (SGVS)).
The topics discussed at the annual meetings of the SSES are regularly covered in Swiss newspapers. These meetings attract figures in municipal, cantonal, and federal government in Switzerland, alongside economists and scientists from Switzerland and abroad. Past topics have included the industrialisation of Switzerland, full employment and the right to work, population dynamics and the social position of women, competition, dirigisme and regulation, and the European debt crisis.
The SSES gives several annual awards, including an Economic Journalism Award for journalists.
Presidents
The following persons have been presidents:
Notable members
Johannes Stössel
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty%20of%20Dortmund%20%281609%29
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Treaty of Dortmund (1609)
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In the ensuing treaty Johann Sigismund and Wolfgang Wilhelm agreed to jointly manage the disputed property until the dispute was completely settled. Because the Protestant Union distrusted the Aulic Council and the Emperor, it was decided that the agreement would be settled between the claimants and neutral princes. A time limit of twelve months was set to determine the succession, and a chancellery was established to help with the governance.
Aftermath
By 22 July, the Duchies were practically under Brandenburg and Neuburg rule. Henry IV of France was delighted that the Protestants had peacefully settled the succession, at least temporarily.
Despite the fact that the treaty was clearly against the mandate of the Emperor, the claimants attempted to explain that the treaty was signed only for the matter of securing peace. However, Archduke Albert VII, who was the Governor of the Spanish Netherlands, was not happy with this agreement, which he believed was a direct challenge to Imperial authority. Eventually, the Habsburgs would send soldiers to attempt to occupy the Duchies, which would lead to the first phase of the War of the Julich Succession.
The agreement would later be cancelled when Wolfgang Wilhelm converted to Catholicism, and the alliance between him and Johann Sigismund broke due to religious reasons.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sariyya%20ibn%20Zanim
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Sariyya ibn Zanim
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Sariyya ibn Zanim (Arabic: سارية بن زنيم) also known as Sariya al-Jabal was one of the Sahaba, who lived during the 6th–7th centuries CE. He was from the tribe of Kinana and later served as a military commander under the Rashidun caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Biography
Lineage and name
His full name with patronymic, according to historians, is Sariyya ibn Zanim ibn 'Amr ibn Abdullah ibn Jabir ibn Mahmiyah ibn 'Abd ibn Adiyy ibn ad-Da'il ibn Bakr ibn 'Abd Manat ibn Kinana, and from there his lineage is then traced to Adnan. He is also known as Sariya al-Jabal.
Before Islam
In the pre-Islamic period, Sariyya ibn Zanim was known to be a robber who had the ability to run faster than the average horse.
Conversion to Islam
Sariyya converted to Islam in the 7th century. According to Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Sariyya influenced his nephew to become a convert to Islam, as he was the only one out of the whole tribe of Kinana who had not yet become a Muslim. After the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Sariyya participated in several conquests under the Rashidun Caliphate, and was ordered by Umar ibn al-Khattab to be a military commander for the Islamic conquests of Persia.
The incident of Sariyya and the mountain
According to Islamic tradition, one day while Umar ibn al-Khattab was giving a khutbah in the Prophet's Mosque at Medina, he suddenly blurted out, in a loud voice, "Ya Sariyya! Al-Jabal, al-Jabal! (O Sariyya! The mountain, the mountain!)" Umar's voice reached Sariyya, who was in Persia at the time and commanding Rashidun forces against the Sasanian Empire. When Sariyya and his forces followed Umar's telepathic voice and went to the nearest mountain, they were able to fend off the attacks from the enemy soldiers and defeat them. This incident happened in the 23rd year of the Hijra (and hence is dated to 645 CE).
Tomb
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military%20career%20of%20Hubert%20Gough%20%281914%E2%80%931915%29
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Military career of Hubert Gough (1914–1915)
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Gough was promoted major-general on 26 October 1914. The promotion was backdated to 15 September, the date on which his division had been formed. During this period Gough formed the practice of rotating units through the front lines as quickly as possible, to avoid any single unit being damaged beyond the point of effectiveness, and of holding the front lines thinly to maintain the largest possible reserve. On 27 October Gough offered some of his reserves to Haig's I Corps (he made the offer privately to his brother Johnnie, Haig's chief of staff at the time), but this was countermanded by Allenby.
At 11.30am on 29 October Gough was able to send 5 squadrons out of his reserve to assist Byng's cavalry division. On 30 October, 31 October and the following night Gough's division (3,250 officers and men, assisted by two companies of Baluchis, Wilde's Rifles (an Indian battalion) and the London Scottish territorial battalion) was strongly attacked from the south-east by German forces under von Fabeck, who were trying to capture Messines-Wytschaete Ridge. He held off the assault, assisted by a cavalry charge by Chetwode's 5th Cavalry Brigade to his north and a counterattack by two battalions of Allenby's corps reserve to his south-west. He later reflected that he served his "apprenticeship in India and during the Boer War" but that at First Ypres "the Germans gave me my trade test."
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Michael%27s%20Church%2C%20Crambe
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St Michael's Church, Crambe
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St Michael's Church is the parish church of Crambe, North Yorkshire, a village in England.
The earliest parts of the current church date from the late 11th century, and consist of part of the north and south walls of the nave, along with the chancel arch. The chancel was rebuilt in the 12th century, and in the 13th century, the nave was lengthened to the west by about . In the 14th century, the angle between the chancel and nave was reconstructed, with two windows inserted. In the 15th century, a tower was added at the west end, and the west wall was rebuilt, with buttresses added. The church was restored in 1886 and 1887, with a new east window installed. The building was Grade I listed in 1954.
The nave and chancel are built in sandstone and gritstone incorporating re-used Roman masonry, and the tower is in limestone. The church consists of a two-bay nave, a single-bay chancel and a west tower. The tower has three stages, string courses, diagonal buttresses, a round-headed west doorway with a moulded surround and a hood mould, above which is a five-light Perpendicular window. The bell openings have two round-arched heads, and above is an embattled parapet with eight crocketed pinnacles, and an inscription on the north face.
Inside the church is a 12th-century font. The octagonal pulpit dates from the early 17th century, as do the altar rails. There is a fragment of a 10th-century hogback built into the south wall.
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77260673
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern%20question
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Southern question
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Some astonishing firsts were achieved in the field of transport, such as the first steamship in Italy and the first iron bridge. However, investment in roads and railways was hampered by the hilly hinterland and maritime transport was favoured, facilitated by the significant expansion of the coastline, to the extent that the Bourbon merchant fleet became the third largest in Europe in terms of number of ships and total tonnage, despite the fact that the merchant navies of the other pre-unitary states in the north had greater tonnage. The fact remains that maritime transport was limited to the southern coasts and could not bring goods into the interior, where it had to be carried by animal-drawn wagons or pack animals, to the point that Giustino Fortunato stated in his political speeches that "... transport was carried out by pack animals, as in the plains of the East".
The tonnages of the merchant fleets of the peninsula in 1858 were as follows: Kingdom of Sardinia 208,218; Grand Duchy of Tuscany 59,023; Modena 980; Papal State 41,360; Two Sicilies 272,305; Venice and Trieste 350,899. Out of a total of 932,785 tonnes, the Bourbon kingdom thus had less than a quarter.
On the size of the Bourbon merchant fleet, the southern historian Raffaele de Cesare, in his book La fine di un Regno writes:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dupe%20%28product%29
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Dupe (product)
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A dupe (duplicate) or knockoff is a product similar in appearance, functionality, or design to a higher-end, often more expensive, branded item but sold at a much lower price. Unlike counterfeit products, dupes do not copy trademarked brand names or logos and are often sold at mainstream retailers. The term dupe or knockoff is often used as a pejorative to infer inferior quality, and is often used synonymously with ripoff, replica, imitation and clone.
Description
Dupes are products similar in appearance, functionality, or design to higher-end, often more expensive, branded items but sold at a much lower price. These products offer consumers an affordable alternative to luxury goods without significantly compromising quality or style. Dupes are particularly popular in fashion, beauty, and electronics, where the desire for trendy or high-performance items meets budget constraints. Social media platforms and influencers play a significant role in promoting dupes by sharing their discoveries and recommendations with their audiences.
The term counterfeit is often used interchangeably, although their legal meanings are not identical. Knockoff products are those that copy or imitate the physical appearance of other products but which do not copy the brand name or logo of a trademark. They may still be illegal under trademark laws if they confuse consumers or violate patents.
History
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78617159
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna%20Grayson
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Anna Grayson
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Anna Grayson is a British geologist, writer, broadcaster, and artist. She is known for bringing earth sciences to popular attention in the UK through numerous books and BBC radio and television series in the 1990s and early 2000s, particularly through the programmes Rock Solid, Postcards from the Past and The Essential Guide to Rocks. In 1996, Grayson made headlines around the world with the discovery of a blue mineral which at the time was believed to be hitherto unknown to science. After further research, the rock was confirmed to be an unusually large sample of the rare blue mineral, aerinite.
Since completing an access course at Exeter College of Art in 2012, Grayson has pursued a second career as an artist, focusing on photographic pastiches of famous works of art. Five of her works have been exhibited at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition in London, and she has been featured on Grayson Perry's Art Club on Channel 4 television.
Early life and education
Grayson is the daughter of Harry Grayson, a British scientist who helped to develop in-aircraft radar during the Second World War. She was educated at Walthamstow High School for Girls, and went on to read geology at the University of St. Andrews, graduating in 1974. She married Dr Desmond Clark in 1976.
Media career
Following university, Grayson trained as a radio studio manager with the BBC. She went on to become a producer and presenter, featuring in segments on many popular series on BBC Radio 4 and Radio 5, including Science Now, Woman's Hour, The Food Programme, and You and Yours.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu%CA%BButele%20Island
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Nuʻutele Island
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Fauna
The fauna of Nu’utele Island includes a variety of reptiles, birds, and mammals. Among reptiles, the azure-tailed skink is present. Avian species commonly found on the island include the blue-crowned lory, wattled honeyeater, Samoan starling, and white-rumped swiftlet. Additional bird species recorded on the island include the crimson-crowned fruit dove and white-collared kingfisher. Migratory and invasive birds observed on Nu’utele include the brown booby, red-footed booby, great frigatebird, lesser frigatebird, blue-gray noddy, brown noddy, and white tern. Mammals on the island consist of a species of flying fox, which roosts on the island, the sheath-tailed bat, which inhabits the island's caves, the Polynesian rat, and feral pigs.
Flora
The vegetation of Nu’utele Island is characterized by a coastal forest ecosystem. The ridgeline features flat terrain, while the western side is marked by steep slopes ranging from 30 to 40 degrees, and the eastern side consists of vertical cliffs. Dominant plant species on the island include Diospyros elliptica (30%), Syzygium clusiifolium (21%), Syzygium dealbatum (11%), and Terminalia catappa (11%). Other notable species include Diospyros samoensis (9%), Planchonella linggenensis (8%), and Arytera samoensis (5%). Minority species, each contributing less than 5%, include Hibiscus tiliaceus, Morinda citrifolia, Sterculia fanaiho, Hernandia sonora, Allophylus cobbe, and Psychotria insularum. Near the western shoreline and on the ridgeline, the only extant fruit-bearing trees are coconuts (Cocos nucifera).
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78617574
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Philippe%20and%20His%20Sons
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Louis Philippe and His Sons
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Louis-Philippe and His Sons Riding Out from Versailles is an 1846 oil-on-canvas painting by the French artist Horace Vernet.
History and description
It features a group portrait of Louis Philippe I and his sons riding out from the Palace of Versailles. Versailles, once the residence of the House of Bourbon during the Ancien régime before the French Revolution, had been abandoned for several decades. During the July Monarchy Louis Philippe oversaw its restoration as a national museum. Vernet's painting commemorates its inauguration on 10 June 1837. The king rides out through the gates accompanied by his five sons the Duke of Orléans, the Duke of Nemours, the Prince of Joinville, the Duke of Aumale and the Duke of Montpensier. Orléans, the king's eldest son and heir, had subsequently died in a carriage accident in 1842.
It was exhibited at the Salon of 1847.
The painting was commissioned by the king to hang in Versailles, where it remains. Vernet received 25,000 francs for producing the work. Two years later Louis Philipe was overthrown by the French Revolution of 1848.
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78617988
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Metamorphosis%20%281971%20story%29
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The Metamorphosis (1971 story)
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Matthew's internal monologue persists in a fragmented review of his obsessive concern regarding his duties as a salesman and his distressing awareness that he has disturbed his household. He subsequently descends into utter madness and helplessness. He must be spoon fed and requires a bedpan. He is taken away by an ambulance and institutionalized in an asylum.
Comparison to Kafka's The Metamorphosis
Oates's "The Metamorphosis" is one of a number of "reimagined" stories that represent explicit tributes to the masters of the short story form, in this instance Franz Kafka's and his The Metamorphosis (1915).
In Kafka's original work, the protagonist, Gregor, is acutely aware of his physical transformation and stoically struggles to gain control of his grotesque insect-like body. Oates's Matthew, by contrast, is largely uncomprehending of his deranged condition, and descends into despair. Whereas Kafka casts Gregor as the victim of his family's disgust, Matthew's family appear to suffer due to their father's nervous breakdown. Critic Joanne V. Creighton writes:
Creighton adds: "The result is a story which is undeniably inferior to the Kafka masterpiece."
Footnotes
Sources
Creighton, Joanne V.. 1979. Joyce Carol Oates. Twayne Publishers, New York. Warren G. French, editor.
Johnson, Greg. 1994. Joyce Carol Oates: A Study of the Short Fiction. Twayne's studies in short fiction; no. 57. Twayne Publishers, New York.
Oates, Joyce Carol. 1972. Marriages and Infidelities. Vanguard Press, New York. pp. 361–379
1961 short stories
American short stories
Short story collections by Joyce Carol Oates
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78618525
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Barney%20characters
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List of Barney characters
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Barney is a children's educational musical adventure media franchise that originated with the 1988 direct-to-video series Barney & the Backyard Gang by Sheryl Stamps-Leach and Kathy O'Rourke-Parker. Barney consists of three series—Barney & the Backyard Gang (1988–1991), which consists of only eight episodes, Barney & Friends (1992–2010), a television series that ran on PBS Kids, and Barney's World (2024), a fully animated series set to air on Cartoon Network's Cartoonito, and which is currently streaming on Max—and is currently distributed by 9 Story Media Group, under license from Mattel Television.
The Barney franchise follows the titular character Barney, a purple anthropomorphic Tyrannosaurus rex who conveys educational messages through songs and small dance routines with a friendly, huggable and optimistic attitude.
Overview
Main characters
Dinosaurs
Barney
Barney is the main character of the Barney franchise. He is a purple Tyrannosaurus with a green stomach in stuffed animal likeness, who comes to life through a child's imagination. His theme song is "Barney is a Dinosaur", whose tune is based on "Yankee Doodle". Barney often quotes things as being "Super dee-duper". Episodes frequently end with the song "I Love You", sung to the tune of "This Old Man". Despite being a carnivorous type dinosaur, Barney does not have a carnivore's fearsome teeth. He likes many different foods such as fruits and vegetables, but his main favorite is a peanut butter and jelly sandwich with a glass of milk.
Baby Bop
Baby Bop is a green Triceratops wearing a pink bow and pink ballet slippers and carrying a yellow security blanket. First appearing in the Barney & the Backyard Gang episode "Barney in Concert", she was originally two years old; however, in the Barney & Friends episode "Look at Me, I'm 3!", she turned three. She sings the song "My Yellow Blankey" to show how much her security blanket means to her. She likes to eat macaroni and cheese and pizza. She is the younger sister of Billy.
Billy
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78618636
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint%20Mary%CA%BCs%20College%20Museum%20of%20Art
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Saint Maryʼs College Museum of Art
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The California Collection inludes works from the 19th century to the present day with a special focus on artists of the San Francisco Bay Area and Northern California, including works by Morris Graves, Helen Hyde, Gregory Kondos, Maurice Logan, Roi Partridge, Louis Siegriest, Raimonds Staprans, Wayne Thiebaud, and Frank Van Sloun. The Alberti Collection of European prints and works on paper includes works by Marc Chagall, Pablo Picasso, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri Matisse, and Käthe Kollwitz
Other collections include the Social Justice & Political Prints Collection; the American Photography Collection; the African Art Collection; the Asian, Oceanic, and Indigenous Peoples of the Americas Collection; and the Religious Collection, with works from the Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque eras related to the Catholic church.
Exhibitions
According to its website, "The museum rotates exhibitions twice a year, showcasing the permanent collection, traveling exhibitions, and emerging California artists." All exhibitions and public programs are free and open to the public, and the facility is ADA accessible.
Works from the collection also rotate on view in the campus library, chapel, public spaces, and offices, with sculptural works on the grounds and in gardens.
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78618825
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursula%20Magdalena%20Reinheimer
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Ursula Magdalena Reinheimer
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Ursula Magdalena Reinheimer (27 November 177716 April 1845) née Ursula Magdalena Prestel was a German painter and engraver.
Early life
Ursula Magdalena Prestel was born on 27 November 1777 in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire (now Bavaria, Germany).
She was the daughter of Maria Katharina Höll and Johann Gottlieb Prestel. Her parents' separation in Frankfurt around 1786 led her to move to London, England with her mother.
Career
With engraving and painting skills learned from her parents, she embraced an artistic path, specializing in portraits, landscapes, floral art, and aquatint etchings. Following her mother's death in 1794, she went back to live with her father in Frankfurt, Germany. During this time, he hired Anton Radl, Johann Georg Reinheimer, and Ursula to assist with copperplate engravings for his publishing house. Accompanying her father and Anton Radl, she journeyed to Söder in 1798, where she stayed until May 1799. She drew most of the landscape prints from the Count of Brabeck's collection for her father's studio and painted for him during her stay.
On 1 December 1805, Johann Georg Reinheimer, an engraver and art dealer, married Ursula Magdalena. Almost 15 years later, her husband died on 13 June 1820 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. The widow ran the business under her name after his death.
Around 1830, she painted a portrait of Vienna's Anton Radl.
Ursula Magdalena visited France and Switzerland alongside Mrs. von Bethmann Hollweg, wife of August von Bethmann-Hollweg, and grew accustomed to life among the upper class.
Death
Ursula Magdalena Reinheimer died on 16 April 1845 in the City of Brussels, Belgium.
Works
La Nuit (after van der Neer, aquatint engraving in various tones)
Forest Scene with Resting Farmers (etching)
The Rosstrappe (watercolor)
Nine sheets of flower studies (gouache painting)
Gallery
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78618837
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equus%20suessenbornensis
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Equus suessenbornensis
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Equus suessenbornensis is an extinct species of large equine native to Western Eurasia, including Europe, during the Early Pleistocene to early Middle Pleistocene.
Taxonomy
The species was first described in 1900 based on remains found at the Sussenborn locality in Germany, dating to the early Middle Pleistocene, around 640–620,000 years ago. Many authors have argued that Equus suessenbornensis should be considered related to other "stenonine" equines from the Early Pleistocene of Europe, such as Equus stenonis, though some authors have argued it should be classified in the subgenus Sussemionus. Recent authors have proposed a particularly close relationship to Equus major , a "stenonine" equine known from the first half of the Early Pleistocene in Europe.
Description
Equus suessenbornensis was a large sized equine having an estimated body mass over , with some individuals exceeding making it larger than any other known "stenonine" other than Equus major. The species is distinguished from other equines by a number of characters of the morphology of the teeth. The metapodial bones of the feet tend to be elongate, with a large diaphysis (midsection) and wide epiphyses (end sections).
Distribution and chronology
Equuss suessenbornensis is known from remains found across Europe, spanning from Britain, France and Spain in the west, eastwards to Italy and Greece, and northwards to Germany and the Czech Republic, with possible remains being known from Moldova. Remains are also known from the Akhalkalaki site in Georgia in the Caucasus. The chronology of the species spans from the mid-Early Pleistocene around 1.5 million years ago, until the early Middle Pleistocene, around 600,000 years ago, around the time of arrival of caballine true horses into Europe, assigned to the species Equus mosbachensis.
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78619048
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy%20of%20Israel%2C%20Dublin
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Embassy of Israel, Dublin
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The Embassy of Israel in Dublin is the diplomatic mission of Israel in Ireland.
History
In 1963, Ireland extended de jure recognition to Israel in 1963, and both countries established diplomatic relations in 1975. In 1981, however, Ireland condemned Israel's attack on Iraq's Osirak nuclear reactor. Ireland did not allow an Israeli embassy to open until 20 December 1993.
Zvi Gabay was the first resident Israeli ambassador in Ireland.
In December 2024, Israel announced that its embassy in Ireland would close owing to what the Israeli foreign minister Gideon Sa'ar described as Irish "demonisation of the Jewish state" during the Israel–Hamas war. Ireland's Taoiseach, Simon Harris, responded to the announcement, saying "Ireland’s foreign policy is founded on our deep commitment to dialogue and to the peaceful resolution of disputes." He added, "I utterly reject the assertion that Ireland is anti-Israel. Ireland is pro-peace, pro-human rights and pro-international law." The Tánaiste, Micheál Martin said, "The continuation of the war in Gaza and the loss of innocent lives is simply unacceptable and contravenes international law. It represents the collective punishment of the Palestinian people in Gaza."
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78619328
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burco-Duuray%20offensive
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Burco-Duuray offensive
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Prelude to the Battle
By 1984, the SNM had shifted from smaller raids to full-scale offensives targeting key Somali National Army (SNA) garrisons. One such operation was planned against Burco-duuray, a strategically significant outpost near the border with Somaliland. The SNA stationed approximately 1,000 soldiers, supported by 70 technicals and heavy military equipment, in the area to counter SNM activity.
The SNM's 1st Brigade, led by Mohamed Hashi Lihle, aimed to neutralize the garrison and demonstrate their growing strength. However, the operation came at a significant cost, as Mohammed Hashi Lihle would lose his life in the ensuing battle.
The Battle
On 17 October 1984, the 1st Brigade of the SNM, consisting of around 400 fighters, launched an offensive against the SNA garrison at Burco-duuray. Despite being outnumbered, the SNM utilized guerrilla tactics and their knowledge of the terrain to gain the upper hand.
The SNA, which had numerical superiority and a significant arsenal of technical vehicles, responded with heavy firepower. After hours of intense combat, the SNM succeeded in overwhelming the garrison, inflicting heavy casualties and destroying military vehicles.
The SNM lost 27 fighters, including their commander, Mohammed Hashi Lihle, a major blow to the movement. On the other hand, the SNA suffered 170 fatalities, and 17 vehicles were destroyed.
Aftermath
The Battle of Burco-duuray marked a significant victory for the SNM, demonstrating their ability to challenge the Somali National Army despite being heavily outnumbered. The loss of Mohammed Hashi Lihle, however, was a major setback for the SNM leadership. The victory at Burco-duuray strengthened the SNM's morale and solidified their reputation as a formidable force in the struggle for Somaliland's independence.
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78619397
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing%20of%20Celle
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Bombing of Celle
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The bombing of Celle were a series of American aerial bombing attacks on the city of Celle during World War II. A total of two air raids were carried out by United States Army Air Forces in 1945 as part of the Allied campaign of strategic bombing of Germany. However, unlike nearby Hanover, Braunschweig and Bremen, the city itself escaped major damage.
Background
Unlike the nearby industrial hubs of Hanover and Braunschweig, Celle was not seen as a target of opportunity by the Allies until 1945. Before that, air raid alarms regularly went off but the planes of the Royal Air Force and United States Army Air Forces flew over Celle to target nearby larger cities instead. Before the war began, the city had a total of 37,799 inhabitants in May 1939.
Attacks
Between 1940 and 1944, only very minor incidents took place in Celle. One such incident happened in 1941 when an Allied bomb fell on the old town building on An der Stadtkirche 11, blowing out only the windows as a result. The historic inner city as well as the Celle Castle escaped any major bombings for the time being.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromford%20tunnel
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Bromford tunnel
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The Bromford tunnel is a high-speed railway tunnel under construction in North Warwickshire and Birmingham, England, and will serve to bring the High Speed 2 rail line into Birmingham upon completion.
The twin-bore tunnels will be situated between Water Orton and Washwood Heath.
History
The contract to build the tunnel, as part of the wider N1 and N2 lots on the HS2 programme, was awarded to the Balfour Beatty Vinci JV on 1 April 2020, valued at c.£5 billion. This followed them being named by HS2 as part of the intention to award in July 2017.
The route was initially envisioned in the High Speed Rail (London - West Midlands) Act 2017 to be a tunnel, long (in Work No. 3/203) and partly on viaduct, less than , in length (in Work No. 3/157).
On 20 January 2022, HS2 Ltd made a Transport and Works Act Order application to remove the words "partly on viaduct" in the description of the works, in a bid to extend the tunnel by around instead. This decision was claimed to reduce land take, minimise impacts on the Park Hall Nature Reserve, avoid the need to redirect the River Tame, and reduce construction traffic.
The Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Secretary of State for Transport recovered an appeal to these plans, which had been declined by North Warwickshire Borough Council and had a subsequent appeal dismissed by an inspector of the Planning Inspectorate. It was granted Schedule 17 approval on 14 May 2024.
The two Herrenknecht tunnel boring machines (TBMs) used to construct the tunnel were named Mary Ann, after Mary Ann Evans (with the pen name, George Eliot) and Elizabeth, after Elizabeth Cadbury. Most of the second TBM to be delivered, Elizabeth, was repurposed from TBM Dorothy used to construct the Long Itchington Wood tunnel, with a new outer cutter-head and shield ordered.
Design
The tunnel passes underneath the Park Hall Nature Reserve, River Tame, and M6 motorway, and runs up to underground.
The tunnel will have 13 cross-passages, spaced every , and wide.
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78620081
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Mansfield%20Mitchell
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Alfred Mansfield Mitchell
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Vegetarianism
Mitchell was a vegetarian, non-smoker and teetotaller. He was disappointed that there was a large amount of antagonism against vegetarianism in the Church. He argued that meat dishes at Christmas festivals were non-Christian, stating that they are a "debasing and degrading orgie, a festival of blood, a festival of cruelty". In 1907, he commented that "vegetarians or food reformers are the only consistent worshippers and the flesh-eater is convicted of inconsistency and falsehood". Mitchell stated that meat-eaters who decorated churches for the harvest festival were making the festival a service of lies and questioned why they didn't also use "trophies of the butcher's art". In 1910, he published the pamphlet "The Church and Food Reform". He condemned such festivals as "uric-acid festivals" for meat-eaters.
Mitchell was a vice-president of the Vegetarian Society, from 1922, and a speaker at its meetings. He was a council member of Josiah Oldfield's fruitarian Lady Margaret Hospital in Bromley. He was also a council member of the Order of the Golden Age and wrote for its journal, The Herald of the Golden Age.
Personal life and death
On 8 September 1887, Mitchell married Janet Elizabeth Louisa, the daughter of the solicitor William Hammond of London, at Stratford-sub-Castle, Salisbury.
Mitchell died in Burtonwood on 18 February 1936, aged 83. He was buried at Burtonwood Cemetery.
Selected publications
Humane Education: A Plea for a Humane and Ethical System of Elementary Education. 1906.
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78620536
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichogenes%20claviger
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Trichogenes claviger
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Trichogenes claviger, the Caetés catfish, is a critically endangered species of pencil catfish native to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. It was discovered early in 2010 and scientifically described later in the same year. One of three species within the genus Trichogenes, it is restricted to an area of 16 km² in the Caetés forest, a mountainous area in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. When discovered, the rainforest in which it occurs was unprotected and threatened by deforestation, but a private nature reserve has since been established. The species lives in small, shaded, and slow-moving streams in rainforest. A small fish, it is up to 50.8 mm in length.
Taxonomy
Trichogenes claviger is one of three known species within the genus Trichogenes, and the second to be discovered and described. The first species of the genus, T. longipinnis, was described in 1983 from a very local population discovered in a remnant rainforest between the major cities Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. T. longipinnis was long considered to be unique; a strikingly distinct fish that is not closely related to any other neotropical freshwater fish.
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78621058
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynch%20Fragments
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Lynch Fragments
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After traveling to Africa for the first time in the early 1970s and continuing to visit different parts of the continent throughout the decade, Edwards began using various references to African history and politics as the titles for the works in the series, along with the names of artists and leaders he had met or been inspired by in Africa. He also began using phrases from African languages as titles for Lynch Fragments sculptures like Koyo (1973), which takes its title from an Edo greeting, and Sekuru Knows (1988), titled in reference to a Shona word for elder or grandfather. Additional travels in Africa and throughout Latin America and Asia in the '70s, '80s, and beyond inspired a range of titles relating to additional global histories, figures, and social movements, including Palmares (1988), created to honor the centennial of the abolition of slavery in Brazil. Specific figures named or referenced in the title of sculptures from the series include artists, musicians, activists, politicians, and writers like Charles Alston, J. Max Bond Jr., Amílcar Cabral, critic Wilfred Cartey, Frantz Fanon, Makina Kameya, Martin Luther King Jr., Wifredo Lam, Norman Lewis, Al Loving, Samora Machel, Ana Mendieta, Senegalese blacksmith Bara Niasse, Gilberto de la Nuez, Charlie Parker, Francisco Romão, José Clemente Orozco, John Takawira, Henry Tayali, Ida B. Wells, and Richard Wright, as well as Edwards' late wife, Jayne Cortez. Edwards purposely decided not to name works in the series after any then-broadly known artists or figures of European descent.
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78621414
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%20123
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HD 123
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HD 123 is a hierarchical triple star system in the deep northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It consists of a visual binary between HD 123A and B, of which component B is itself a spectroscopic binary (Ba & Bb). Through the use of a telescope, the visual pair can be resolved, with a separation that varies between 0.5 and 1.6 arcseconds. With a combined apparent magnitude of 5.98, it is faintly visible to the naked eye under dark skies as a yellow-hued star. The system is located approximately distant according to Hipparcos parallax measurements, while the Gaia EDR3 parallaxes for the individual stars point towards slightly closer distances of and , respectively. It is trending closer towards the Solar System at a heliocentric radial velocity of −13.79 km/s.
Designation
Its name, HD 123, denotes that it is the 123rd object in the Henry Draper Catalogue, included within the first volume published in 1918. Alternate designations include HR 5, ADS 61, as well as the variable-star designation V640 Cassiopeiae, which was given in 1985 after it was reported to fluctuate in brightness with a one-day period in 1983, but this was refuted in 1999 as the star was shown to be constant.
Properties
The visible components, A and Ba, are both G-type main-sequence stars like the Sun but slightly less massive, A being the brighter, hotter, and more massive of the two. Weber & Strassmeier (1998) assumed a radius of 0.87 for B, corresponding to a typical late G-type star. One of the G stars exhibit high chromospheric activity while the other is quiescent, an oddity seen in some other solar-like binaries such as HD 137763/HD 137778, 37 Ceti, and Zeta Reticuli. Bb, on the other hand, is thought to be a red dwarf, having approximately three-tenths the mass of the Sun.
The A and B components have an orbital period of 106.83 years spaced about 30 AU apart, while B itself consists of the pair Ba/Bb, which revolve around each other every 47.685 days in an eccentric orbit (eccentricity 0.610).
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%20123
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HD 123
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Alleged variability
In 1983, Brettman et al. reported that HR 5 was a variable star with a period of 1.082 ± 0.002 days. They were unable to distinguish which of the visible components displayed this variability, but theorized that one of them could be either a rapidly rotating star with unevenly distributed starspots, or a spectroscopic binary with a 1.082-day period. Weber & Strassmeier (1998) additionally found radial velocity variations in HR 5B with a period of 1.026 days, and reasoned that Ba must be the variable component. In 1999, however, a comprehensive study by Griffin showed that the star exhibited no signs of photometric variability and that while the radial velocity variations of component B did exist, the reported one-day period was an alias of the true period of 47.685 days. The AAVSO lists HD 123 as a reflection variable (a binary system in which brightness variations are seen because one component reflects light from the other) with the small brightness range of magnitude 5.966 to 5.981.
Footnotes
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78621629
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024%20Port%20Vila%20earthquake
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2024 Port Vila earthquake
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At 12:47:26VUT (01:47:26UTC) on 17December 2024, a earthquake struck near Port Vila, the capital of Vanuatu. At least 14 people died while 265 others were injured. Extensive damage occurred in Port Vila and surrounding areas. The earthquake also generated a tsunami.
Tectonic setting
The primary feature of the Vanuatuan archipelago, located on its west-southwest, is the New Hebrides Trench, the convergent boundary between the Australian and New Hebrides plates. Along the Wadati–Benioff zone, earthquake activity has been observed as shallow, intermediate, and deep-focus events at depths of up to . Volcanic activity is also present along this north-northwest trending and northeast-dipping subduction zone. This subduction zone is one of the most active plate boundaries globally, moving at a rate of approximately per year.
While much of the island arc experiences intermediate-depth earthquakes along a Wadati–Benioff zone that dips steeply at 70°, the area adjacent to the D'entrecasteaux Ridge does not. There is a corresponding gap in seismicity that occurs below where it enters the subduction zone from the west. According to the NUVEL-1 global relative plate motion model, convergence is occurring at roughly per year. The uncertainty, which also affects the Tonga Arc, is due to the influence of spreading at the North Fiji Basin. Of the 58 or greater events that occurred between 1909 and 2001, few were studied.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024%20Port%20Vila%20earthquake
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2024 Port Vila earthquake
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The USGS estimated that the earthquake could cause economic losses measuring between 1–10% of Vanuatu's GDP. The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs estimated that 116,000 people had been directly affected by the earthquake, equivalent to a third of Vanuatu's population. Among them were 14,000 children. At least 2,435 people were displaced, while 20,000 were without water. The Recovery Operation Centre estimated that the amount needed to recover from the earthquake reached 29 billion vatu (US$231.7 million). It also estimated that around 6,000 workers from 200 businesses operating in downtown Port Vila were affected. The education ministry said 45 schools were damaged, including Malapoa College, with rebuilding costs estimated at more than US$8 million. Save the Children said nearly 13,000 children required temporary learning solutions.
Response
A tsunami warning was issued by the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre covering Vanuatu, Fiji, the Kermadec Islands, Kiribati, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Wallis and Futuna, with waves expected to reach . This was lifted on 14:14VUT. The Vanuatu National Disaster Management Office told residents of coastal areas to flee to higher ground. Authorities in the country were placed on high alert with one local journalist telling FBC News that the Vanuatu Mobile Forces (VMF) and government emergency workers were immediately mobilized to assist those affected, adding that "government officials are dealing with several casualties." A mass casualty triage centre was set up outside the emergency ward of Port Vila Central Hospital. The central business district of Port Vila was closed off, while a boil water notice was declared over the city. Officials are currently assessing the extent of the destruction and prioritizing rescue efforts.
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