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75637106
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davoserjazz
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Davoserjazz
|
Davoserjazz is a simple, Danish compendium game using playing cards for three to seven people. It comprises 6 subgames, the first five of which are reverse games and the last one is a shedding game. Its name is also spelt Davoserjas, Davoserjass and Davoserjaz and means "Davos Jass" although it has no connexion with the Swiss resort of Davos nor with the Swiss card game genre of Jass.
Davoserjazz is played in many variations, and both the number of rounds and which cards are penalty cards in reverse games can vary.
Rules
The rules described are based on Dedichen (1971) and Schenkmanis (1999) which, however, vary slightly.
Players and cards
Davoserjazz is for three to seven people using a standard 52-card French-suited pack. With three, five, six and seven players, one or more cards are removed, so that each player receives the same number of cards. The cards removed are in order: 2, 2, 2, 2.
The cards rank is from high to low: A,K,Q,J,10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2. Aces are high, except in the last subgame, Cabale.
Subgames
There are six deals in Davoserjazz, each one comprising a subgame with a specific aim. In the first five, the object is to avoid getting points (penalty points). The subgames are:
| 1.984375
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75637541
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las%20Trampas%20Ridge
|
Las Trampas Ridge
|
Las Trampas Ridge is an 1,827 ft (557 m) ridge in western Contra Costa County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It comprises the western side of the San Ramon Valley.
Etymology
Las Trampas is Spanish for the traps or the snares. This name was given to the area by Spanish and later Mexican settlers who observed the indigenous Saclan peoples' method of trapping herds of Tule elk and deer using the steep canyons on the ridge.
Geography
Las Trampas Ridge is a prominent feature in the geography of the East Bay region. It provides a backdrop for the towns of San Ramon, Alamo and Danville, California. The ridge is paralleled by Interstate 680 between Walnut Creek and San Ramon.
It ascends north-northwest for approximately 8 miles from San Ramon, California to its terminus at Las Trampas Peak just south of the city of Lafayette, California, where it tapers off into a series of steep forested foothills. Las Trampas Ridge is a largely rural landform that is surrounded by a rapidly encroaching network of suburbs.
The Las Trampas area is among the highest and most rugged in the East Bay, second only to Mount Diablo across the San Ramon Valley.
Las Trampas Ridge comprises the western side of the San Ramon Valley along with Mount Diablo and parallels the route of Interstate 680 through the area. The cities of Concord, Walnut Creek, Alamo, San Ramon and much of the Livermore Valley are visible from the ridge. Las Trampas Ridge serves as the backdrop to many of the communities in the central East Bay.
The region has a cool-summer mediterranean climate, with areas on the western side of the ridge staying generally cooler than those on the eastern side during the summer months. Winters are generally cool and wet, while summers can be warm or hot, with very little, if any, precipitation. Las Trampas ridge creates a rain shadow leading to lower rainfall and higher average temperatures in the San Ramon Valley than areas further west.
| 2.578125
| 0
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75637740
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayo%20Aina
|
Tayo Aina
|
Tayo Aina (born December 9, 1992) is a Nigerian YouTuber, photographer, and travel content creator known for his content that delves into lifestyle, travel, and culture. As of 2023, he has over One million subscribers on his YouTube channel. He is an award winner at Future Awards Africa 2022 for Content Creation
Early life and education
Born and raised in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, Tayo Aina attended Ifako International Secondary School before earning his bachelor's degree at the Federal University of Technology Akure.
YouTube and filmmaking
Aina is a content creator who, inspired by the dynamism of Lagos and the absence of its digital representation, made the transition to the YouTube platform. Aina received attention and recognition, resulting in his achievement of the Future Awards Africa 2022 Prize for Content Creation. TECNO brand acknowledged Aina's journey. In a 2024 interview with BBC and CNN, Aina expressed the belief that African nations should facilitate easier movement for Africans within the continent. He attributed the current restrictions to fears of permanent migration and deficiencies in passport and visa systems
Aina's storytelling has attracted collaborations with artists like Adekunle Gold and Davido.
UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
Aina collaborated on a documentary addressing the Boko Haram insurgency in the northern region. The video highlighting UNDP's efforts for positive change, has garnered over 1 million views on YouTube.
Awards and recognitions
| 1.960938
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75639184
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Cairo%20%281367%29
|
Battle of Cairo (1367)
|
The Battle of Cairo or Asandamur's rebellion was a clash that took place in late 1367 during the reign of the Mamluk sultan al-Ashraf Sha'ban and ended with the crushing of the rebellion against his rule.
Background
In late 1367, Emir Sayf al-Din Asandamur bin Abdullah an-Nasiri and his newly acquired mamluks moved against al-Ashraf Sha'ban. The revolt was also supported by Emir Khalil ibn Qawsun, the son of former regent Emir Qawsun (d. 1342). Khalil had been promised the throne by Asandamur.
Battle
According to a contemporary Mamluk chronicler, al-Nuwayri al-Iskandarani, al-Ashraf Sha'ban was significantly assisted by the "common people", who killed many of the mamluk rebels, "making them bite the dust". The support of the commoners was enlisted by al-Ashraf Sha'ban's loyalist commanders, emirs Asanbugha Ibn al-Abu Bakri and Qushtamur al-Mansuri, both of whom withdrew from the battle in Cairo and left the commoners to fight Asandamur's forces alone. The commoners were able to turn the tide in favor of al-Ashraf Sha'ban's partisans, and the latter's emirs and Royal Mamluks returned to the battle, defeated the rebels and arrested Asandamur.
Aftermath
Because of their loyalty and key support during the revolt, al-Ashraf Sha'ban treated the commoners well throughout his reign.
| 2.484375
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75639300
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy%20Sturm
|
Dorothy Sturm
|
Dorothy Sturm (1910 – 1988) was an American artist and educator. She is known for her medical illustrations and her enamel work on metal.
Sturm was born on August 2, 1910, in Memphis, Tennessee. In 1929 she moved to New York where she studied at the Grand Central School of Art and the Art Students League of New York. In New York she became interested in blood cells through her friend Dr. Florence R. Sabin. She studied biology at Columbia University and began creating medical illustrations. She provided the illustrations for the 1956 textbook Morphology of Human Blood Cells by Lemuel Diggs.
In 1934 Sturm returned to Tennessee where she began her career at the Memphis Academy of Art. She was a faculty member until her retirement as a professor emeritus in 1975. In the early 1950s Sturm began working with enamel on metal. She fired her pieces at a high temperature, giving the surface a unique cracked surface.
From 1934 through 1970 Sturm exhibited her work at the Betty Parsons Gallery. In 1956 her work was included in the exhibition Craftsmen in Contemporary Enamels. In 1959 her work was included in the exhibition entitled Enamels at the Museum of Contemporary Crafts.
Sturm died on March 9, 1988, in Shelby County, Tennessee. Her papers are in the Archives of American Art. In 1995 Sturm was honored by the Women of Achievement organization in Memphis.
| 2.53125
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75639571
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas%20O%27Neill
|
Dallas O'Neill
|
Dallas John O'Neill (born 9 March 1943) is an Australian former rugby union international who represented Australia in two Test matches. He also played rugby league for the South Sydney Rabbitohs.
O'Neill, raised in Mackay, Queensland, was educated at St Joseph's College, Nudgee as a boarder. He made his first Queensland representative appearance at the age of 19, only weeks after he had debuted in first-grade for Brothers.
A number eight, O'Neill had early international experience as a Wallabies reserve on the 1962 tour of New Zealand, playing five uncapped matches. He was set to receive his first cap on the following year's tour of South Africa, but had to withdraw from the 1st Test team with a groin injury, which sidelined him for the remainder of the series. On his return to New Zealand for the 1964 tour, O'Neill made his Test debut at Carisbrook and gained a second cap at Lancaster Park.
O'Neill was signed by rugby league club South Sydney in 1967, along with Wallabies teammate Bob Honan. His code switch was not as successful as Honan's, due to limited opportunities in first-grade. He was hampered by a cruciate ligament injury in his first few seasons and spent much of his time in the reserves grade.
| 2.03125
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75639590
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Verdendorps
|
The Verdendorps
|
The Verdendorps is a satirical roman à clef novel about the Vanderbilt family, told from the point of view of Basil Verdendorp, a stand-in for Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt. Written by Charles Marshal Hertig, a former secretary for Cornelius Vanderbilt II, the novel was published in May 1880, with the author listed as Basil Verdendorp himself. The novel follows Basil Verdendorp's attempt at reconciling with his father, and Richard's attempt to drive a wedge between them (as encouraged by his lawyer) to guarantee Richard receives the most in their father's will. Knowing his father was wrongfully swayed, Basil sues Richard to contest the last will and testament.
Characters
May Adella Craver: (A stand-in for Frank Armstrong Crawford Vanderbilt) The second wife of Basilius Verdendorp.
Basil Verdendorp: (A stand-in for Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt) The younger son of Basilius Verdendorp.
Basilius Verdendorp: (A stand-in for Cornelius Vanderbilt) The lead patriarch of the Verdendorp family, and leader of their railroad empire.
Richard Verdendorp: (A stand-in for William Henry Vanderbilt) The elder son of Basilius Verdendorp.
Authorship
At the time of publication, it was noted by the Boston Evening Transcript that whomever wrote the novel was "evidently... versed in the ins and outs of criminal law." The paper went on to say, "The author, whoever he may be, is possessed of a sharp pen and a fair ability to use it."
Charles Hertig, who began his career practicing law in Fort Wayne, Indiana, was later hired as the private secretary to Cornelius Vanderbilt II. After working for Vanderbilt, Hertig went on to be the attorney for the Northern Pacific Railway, and write and publish The Verdendorps.
| 1.921875
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75639970
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS%20Zrinyi%20%281870%29
|
SMS Zrinyi (1870)
|
Later career
Zrinyi went on a lengthy cruise in the West Indies in 1885, returning to Pola the following year. From 1890 to 1891, the ship embarked on a cruise to East Asia. The ship made another visit to South American waters during a long cruise in 1893 and 1894. The voyage also saw visits to ports in western and southern Africa. Austria-Hungary's growing trade with South America was a significant reason for the trip, and while she was in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, she encountered a trio of Austro-Hungarian merchant vessels that were stranded there because of riots in the city that prevented them from being loaded. Zrinyi sent a landing party ashore to help load the vessels and guard them until they could sail for home. After returning to Austria-Hungary in 1894, Zrinyi made another trip to South America and West Africa in 1897–1898.
In 1905, Zrinyi was hulked, and three years later, she was renamed Delta to free her name for the new pre-dreadnought battleship . Delta was later used as a naval mine storage hulk in Pola during World War I. Her fate following Austria-Hungary's defeat in 1918 is unknown.
| 2.796875
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75640131
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle%20Miocene%20Climatic%20Optimum
|
Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum
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The Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO), sometimes referred to as the Middle Miocene Thermal Maximum (MMTM), was an interval of warm climate during the Miocene epoch, specifically the Burdigalian and Langhian stages.
Duration
Based on the magnetic susceptibility of Miocene sedimentary stratigraphic sequences in the Huatugou section in the Qaidam Basin, the MMCO lasted from 17.5 to 14.5 Ma; rocks deposited during this interval have a high magnetic susceptibility due to the production of superparamagnetic and single domain magnetite amidst the warm and humid conditions at the time that defines the MMCO.
Estimates derived from Mg/Ca palaeothermometry in the benthic foraminifer Oridorsalis umbonatus suggest the onset of the MMCO occurred at 16.9 Ma, peak warmth at 15.3 Ma, and the end of the MMCO at 13.8 Ma.
Climate
Global mean surface temperatures during the MMCO were approximately 18.4 °C, about 3 °C warmer than today and 4 °C warmer than preindustrial. The latitudinal zone of tropical climate was significantly extended. The latitudinal climate gradient was about 0.3 °C per degree of latitude. During orbital eccentricity maxima, which corresponded to warm phases, the ocean's lysocline shoaled by approximately 500 metres.
The Arctic was ice free and warm enough to host permanent forest cover across much of its extent. Iceland had a humid and subtropical climate.
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75640131
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle%20Miocene%20Climatic%20Optimum
|
Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum
|
Causes
The global warmth of the MMCO resulted from its elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations relative to the rest of the Neogene. Boron-based records indicate pCO2 varied between 300 and 500 ppm during the MMCO. A MMCO pCO2 estimate of 852 ± 86 ppm has been derived from palaeosols in Railroad Canyon, Idaho. The primary cause of this high pCO2 is generally accepted to be elevated volcanic activity. Hydrothermal alteration by magmatic dikes and sills of sediments rich in organic carbon further contributed to rising pCO2. The activity of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG), a large igneous province in the northwestern United States that emitted 95% of its contents between 16.7 and 15.9 Ma, is believed to be the dominant geological event responsible for the MMCO. The CRBG has been estimated to have added 4090–5670 Pg of carbon into the atmosphere in total, 3000–4000 Pg of which was discharged during the Grande Ronde Basalt eruptions, explaining much of the MMCO's anomalous warmth. Carbon dioxide was released both directly from volcanic activity as well as by cryptic degassing from intrusive magmatic sills that liberated the greenhouse gas from existing sediments. However, CRBG activity and cryptic degassing do not sufficiently explain warming before 16.3 Ma. Enhanced tectonic activity led to increased volcanic degassing at plate margins, causing high background warmth and complementing CRBG activity in driving temperatures upwards.
Albedo decrease from the reduction in Earth's surface area covered by deserts and the expansion of forests was an important positive feedback enhancing the warmth of the MMCO.
| 2.484375
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75640344
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margarita%20%22Tata%22%20Cepeda
|
Margarita "Tata" Cepeda
|
Beyond her own performances, Cepeda has dedicated herself to the preservation and transmission of bomba y plena. She established the renowned Escuela de Bomba y Plena Doña Caridad Brenes de Cepeda in 1976, named after her grandmother. This school serves as a vital center for learning and practicing bomba y plena, offering classes to students of all ages and backgrounds. Through her teaching, Cepeda has nurtured countless bomba and plena practitioners, ensuring the continuation of these cultural treasures for generations to come.
Recognition and legacy
Cepeda's contributions to Puerto Rican culture have been widely recognized. She has received numerous awards and honors, including the Premio Nacional de Cultura del Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña (National Culture Award from the Puerto Rican Institute of Culture). In 2023, the Smithsonian National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C., held a special event titled Bámbula: The Legacy of Tata Cepeda, celebrating her lifetime achievements and the enduring power of bomba.
| 2.359375
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75640559
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiksverige
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Musiksverige
|
Musiksverige is an economic association and an interest organization that since its inception in 2010 represents artists, songwriters, musicians, managers, producers, record companies and music publishers in Sweden and promotes the issues of these groups.
The organization's three focus areas are copyright, music export and educational issues. Linda Portnoff is head of operations.
The association believes that copyright is a "prerequisite for employment in the creative and cultural industries and for a large and varied range of music" and therefore works to promote it so that "artists, musicians, composers and lyricists can make a living from their profession and record companies and music publishers can create growth through their investments in music".
Musicsverige was founded by nine organisations
SAMI (Swedish Artists and Musicians' Interest Organisation)
Swedish Musicians' Union
SYMF (Swedish Union of Professional Musicians)
STIM (Swedish Performing Rights Society)
FST (Swedish Society of Composers)
Music publishers
SKAP (Association of Swedish Composers of Popular Music)
IFPI Swedish (The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry)
SOM (Swedish Independent Music Producers)
Musiksverige has four network members
SSES (Swedish Sound Engineers Society)
Sveriges Dragspelares Riksförbund
MBIN (Music Business Independent Network)
MMF (Music Managers Forum Sweden)
| 2.046875
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75641098
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikkabanavara%20inscriptions%20and%20hero%20stones
|
Chikkabanavara inscriptions and hero stones
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Chikkabanavara Inscription 17th century 'Kam. .Banavara' Fragment Inscription
The inscription is in the Kannada script and Kannada language and is dated to the 17th century based on paleography. It has only two words "kam. . .banavara" This inscription was discovered in 2021 by Dileep Simha a Chikkabanavara resident during restoration work of the Kalyani there. Subsequently, the Mythic Society Bengaluru 3D digital conservation project team have archived and published the inscription.
Characteristics of the inscription
This fragmented inscription stone measures 15 cm tall by 35 cm wide, while the characters themselves are approximately 3.6 cm tall, 4.3 cm wide, and 0.3 cm deep.
Transliteration
The inscription is in two lines, the transliteration of the text in modern Kannada and IAST is as follows,
Chikkabanavara 17th Century Shiva Stuti Fragment Inscription
It is a Kannada inscription and records only the beginning of a verse commonly found in inscriptions related to Shaivism. The complete verse is as follows: "Namastumga sirastumbi camdra camara carave trailokya nagararambha milastambhaya sambhavé".
This verse first appears in the Harshacharitha, penned by the renowned poet Bana.This Inscription was discovered at the time of the restoration of the Chikkabanavara Kalyani.
Characteristics
The inscription is inscribed in the Kannada script and Kannada language and is dated to the 17th century based on paleography. This fragmented inscription stone measures 30 cm tall by 43 cm wide, while the characters themselves are approximately 3.3 cm tall, 4.1 cm wide, and 0.3 cm deep.
Transliteration
Chikkabanavara 14th-century Donation Inscription
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75641192
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennie%20Ellis%20Keysor
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Jennie Ellis Keysor
|
Jennie Ellis Keysor (1860–1945) was an American pioneer in adult education and author of children's books on American literature and art topics. In Omaha, Nebraska, she served on the Board of Lady Managers for the Trans-Mississippi Exposition and led the Art Department of the city's Woman's Club.
Early life and education
Jennie Ellis was born on March 1, 1860, in Austin, Minnesota. Her parents, Allen Valois Ellis (1834–1909) and Helen (Quain) Ellis (1839–1917), were early pioneers of that city. Jennie's siblings were Gertrude, Mattie, Kit, Charles, and Sidney.
She was a high-school graduate of 1878. Immediately, Keysor began teaching in a district school, riding nearly on horseback daily and using the long ride in the study of English literature. She was graduated from the Winona Normal School in 1879.
Career
In 1879, she was appointed to a position in the Austin school. She soon accepted the charge of the preparatory department of United States history, or civil government, of the Southern Minnesota Normal College.
In 1882–83, she completed in Wellesley College her course in English literature, history and Anglo-Saxon.
Keysor again occupied a position in the Winona Normal School, having charge of the department of English literature and rhetoric.
She resigned in 1884, when she married William Winchester Keysor (1852–1922), an attorney of Omaha, Nebraska, who became a district judge. For many years, he served as a professor in the Washington University School of Law.
Keysor wrote more than 40 art texts and reading books for the public schools. She was also a book reviewer, writer for the Popular Educator, and frequent contributor to other periodicals.
In 1888, she went abroad, visiting England and Scotland.
| 2.453125
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75641238
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrea%3A%20Six-Sided%20Oracles
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Astrea: Six-Sided Oracles
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Characters
The game's main characters are each a member of a different race of anthropomorphic beings that inhabit one of the six planets in the star system. The Noctuans are represented by Moonie, an owl who wields a grimoire. The Eridanian champion is Cellarius, a hammerhead shark with an anchor weapon. The Lacertians, a nearly extinct crocodilian race, are represented by Hevelius, a golem created in their image who uses a scepter to control mechanical sentinels, while the desert-dwelling Behenians are represented by Sothis, an exiled jackal who uses a magical hourglass to control time. The insectoid Austra of the Apians wields a lantern allowing her to manipulate the elements, and the final Oracle, Orion, a cuttlefish-like being from the Aquarian race, is the last surviving member of the original six, who was once their leader, and uses orbs to manifest four types of magic powers at once. The main villain is Astrea, the goddess of the six worlds, who has since become corrupted.
Story
Moonie is called to planet Aquarius by her book, and comes across Saiph, a fish-like robot who realizes she is actually an Oracle, and asks her to help his friend Meissa, an Aquarian who has become corrupted. Once freed, Meissa acts as a shopkeeper. Moonie and four other Oracles, each wielding their own Astrarium, journey to Ground Zero to find Astrea, defeating the corrupted enemies that stand in their way, but the path to Astrea is locked by a magical gate. Once the first five Oracles arrive at the gate, Meissa releases Orion from stasis, revealing him to be her older brother, though she has since aged to the point he is younger than her. Orion reveals that he fought to save the other original Oracles from Astrea, but failed, and was burdened by guilt, the intensity of which created a Karma Orb that was constantly corrupting Meissa. Meissa returns the orb to Orion, augmenting the powers of his original three.
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75641467
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allalasandra%20inscriptions%20and%20hero%20stones
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Allalasandra inscriptions and hero stones
|
Allalasandra is a historic locality in North Bengaluru adjoining the Gandhi Krishi Vigyan Kendra (GKVK) campus on Bellary road. Allasandra's historicity tracing back to about 500 years can be attested from the Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription mentions the donation of the entire village of Allalasandra to the Allalanatha temple at Jakkur.
The earliest map of Allalasandra is a 1905CE state land records map which shows the village and adjoining areas being of 2.47sq km, 7.78 km perimeter. The village is shown bounded by Yelahanka kasaba, Shivanahalli, Jakkur Plantation, Bytrayanapura, Kothi Hosahalli, Kodigehalli, Kodigehalli Plantation and Chikka Bommasandra villages. Today the same area has been apportioned between Allalasandra village, GKVK campus, upmarket Judicial Layout and some portions of Bellary road.
Four inscriptions were documented in this locality spanning from the 11th century to the 18th-19th century CE, of which only two are physically present, the status of the rest two remains unknown.
Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription
The inscription is in Kannada language and Kannada script and is first documented in the 1905 edition of the Epigraphia Carnatica, volume 09 published by B.L.Rice as Bengaluru Taluk Inscription No 30. The inscription's installation date is given as Shaka 1462, Krodhi Samvatsara, Margashira, Shukla 5, which corresponds to Wednesday, 19 November 1544 A.D. according to the Julian calendar.
Sun, moon, and a Sudarshan Chakra is inscribed on the stone, sun and moon indicates the eternal nature of the grant and the sudarshana chakra is a vaishnavite symbol indicating the religious nature of the inscription. It can be observed that the scribe '0' is used at the beginning of each line to mark the lines and write directly.
Transliteration Of The Text
The transliteration of the inscription is as follows
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75641467
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allalasandra%20inscriptions%20and%20hero%20stones
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Allalasandra inscriptions and hero stones
|
Summary Of The Inscription
This inscription is a record of the donation of the village of Allalasandra by local administrator, Rachur Narasappa, to the Allalanatha temple at Jakkur.
The religious merit of the donation was to benefit an official Marateya Vittaleshwara.
Allalasandra Yantra Kallu
Yantra Kallu (lit. Yantra stone) is a unique typology of inscription stones, wherein they were installed by the villagers when a mass disaster or event struck a village, priests would be called to perform rituals after which figures and diagrams Tantric designs would be inscribed on the stones which were believed to act as a Talisman protecting the village. The inscription has letters of two scripts, Tamil-Grantha letters can be dated between 15th and 16th century CE and Kannada letters can be dated between the 18th to 19th century CE paleographically. The first line of the inscription records the name "Alalasamudra". They are worshipped by the villagers and are believed to cure diseases of cattle and smallpox disease in children.
Transliteration Of The Text
Kannada reading in the table is transliterated text which originally contains both Grantha and Kannada characters. The transliteration of the inscription is as follows,
Allalsandra 1080CE Ramadeva Boar Hunting Herostone
It is Kannada hero-stone inscription dated to 1080 CE whose present status remains unknown but was documented in Epigraphia carnatica Volume 9 as BN 32. It records the death of a Ramadeva in a hunting of a wild boar. It was inscribed during the reign of Kulottunga I and his feudal Kadeya Nayaka who ruled Sanne nad, an administrative division during the time.
Transliteration
The transliteration is as follows,
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75641672
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan%20Leaf%20%28first%20generation%29
|
Nissan Leaf (first generation)
|
The Nissan Leaf (first generation) is a compact car that was manufactured by Japanese automaker Nissan Motor Company from 2010 to 2017. A battery electric vehicle, its name, stylised as LEAF, serves as a backronym to "leading environmentally-friendly affordable family car." It is the world's first series-produced battery electric automobile and has been offered exclusively as a five-door hatchback.
The Leaf—Nissan's second battery-electric automobile—debuted on 2 August 2009. It is the first generation of the model and was succeeded by the second generation in 2017. Before official production commencement, Nissan developed three prototype battery electric vehicles—dubbed the EV-01, EV-02 and EV-11. The Leaf followed the unsuccessful Altra and began production in Japan on 22 October 2010. The Smyrna plant commenced manufacture of the Leaf on 13 December 2012, and the Sunderland plant followed on 27 March 2013. It was launched in Japan and the United States in December 2010, with subsequent introductions in several European countries and Canada in 2011.
Initially, the Leaf was available exclusively with a large battery pack composed of 192 flat, laminated lithium-ion cells developed in collaboration with NEC, which offers advantages such as simplified design, efficient cooling, and optimal packaging. The battery pack is located under the floor and between the wheels, optimising the vehicle's handling and interior space. The AC electric motor can be powered for up to when the battery is fully charged. Recharging can take 16 hours on 110V or 8 hours on 220V power. Fast charging is also available with a specific charger, which can restore 80% of the battery capacity in approximately 30 minutes.
| 2.171875
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75641672
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan%20Leaf%20%28first%20generation%29
|
Nissan Leaf (first generation)
|
In December 2014, Nissan announced that Leaf owners have collectively driven 1 billion kilometres (625 million miles). This amount of electric distance translates into avoiding 180 million kilograms of CO2 emissions by driving an electric car in comparison to travelling with a gasoline-powered car. In December 2016, Nissan reported that Leaf owners worldwide achieved the milestone of 3 billion kilometres (1.9 billion miles) driven collectively through November 2016, saving nearly 500 million kilograms of CO2 emissions.
Specifications
In North America, the Nissan Leaf falls under the classification of a compact car, while in the UK, it is categorised as a small family car or a C-segment car. The Leaf's boot/trunk space is rated at with rear seats up and with rear seats down. The lower portion of the vehicle is equipped with aerodynamic panelling aimed at minimising drag and enhancing overall aerodynamics. Nissan states that the 2011 model year Leaf has a drag coefficient of which was further improved to in 2012 for the 2013 model year. American automotive magazine Car and Driver, using a wind tunnel, measured a drag coefficient of for the 2012 model year Leaf.
Battery
| 2.5
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75641773
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent%20Children%27s%20Monitor
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Independent Children's Monitor
|
The Independent Children's Monitor (Aroturuki Tamariki) is a departmental agency within New Zealand's Education Review Office. It was established by the New Zealand Government in 2019 to ensure organisations working with children, young people, and their families were complying with the National Care Standards. On 1 May 2023, its role was expanded to include oversight over the entire Oranga Tamariki (Ministry for Children) system. As of 2023, Arran Jones was the Chief Executive of the Independent Children's Monitor while Nova Banaghan served as the Chief Monitor.
Leadership and functions
Arran Jones serves as Chief Executive of the Independent Children's Monitor while Nova Banaghan served as the Chief Monitor. The Monitors are also supported by several Māori leaders known as Te Kāhui. As of 2023, Te Kāhui consists of Tā Mark Solomon, Druis Barrett, Katie Murray and Eugene Ryder. The Independent Children's Monitor also reports to Minister for Social Development and Employment Louise Upston.
The Independent Children's Monitor is governed by the Oversight of Oranga Tamariki System Act 2022, which requires the agency to act independently of all government agencies that it monitors. Per law, its operations and findings are independent of government ministers and agencies. The Monitor also submits its reports to Parliament, whose Ministers do not have the power to comment on drafts. The Independent Children's Monitor also works with the Children and Young People's Commission and the Office of the Ombudsman. While the Commission focuses more on advocacy, the Children's Monitor is primarily a monitoring agency.
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75642707
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suma%20de%20Geographia
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Suma de Geographia
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Suma de Geographia ( Suma de Geografía; ) is a Spanish book on cosmography, geography, and maritime navigation written by Martín Fernández de Enciso and published in 1519 in Seville. Suma is deemed the first pilot's manual to comprehensively describe the New World as then understood by the Spanish and Portuguese. It is further noted as the first appearance in print of the Spanish requerimiento, and as a seminal work in Spanish navigational guides of the period.
Background
Martín Fernández de Enciso is thought to have begun writing his Suma de Geographia in Spain by at least 1518. Enciso was granted a printing patent for Suma in Zaragoza on 5 September 1518. The work was first published in Seville in mid-to-late 1519 by Jacobo Cromberger. A revised edition was published in Seville in 1530 by Juan Cromberger, and later first reprinted posthumously in Seville in 1546 by Andrés de Burgos. A English edition, A briefe description of the weast India, was first published in London in 1578 by Henry Bynneman.
Contents
Suma is deemed to consist of two parts, a cosmographical (cum nautical), and a geographical one, in that order. The cosmographical treatise expounds on the configuration and functioning of the (Ptolemaic, geocentric) universe, and further provides practical guidance on maritime navigation. The geographical discourse presents select human and physical features of the Old and (known) New Worlds, as split by the Tordesillas meridian through El Hierro.
Legacy
Suma has been deemed the first pilot's manual in Spanish, and the first such for the New World. It is further noted as the first print book to include the Spanish requerimiento. It is thought to have been particularly influential for later Spanish works on maritime navigation.
| 2.203125
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75642785
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les%20Mille%20et%20un%20jours
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Les Mille et un jours
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Elsewhere in Europe, themes and names from Les Mille et un jours appear in the stories of Christoph Martin Wieland, and in Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale of "The Flying Trunk". But much more impact on European culture was made by two plays of the Venetian, Carlo Gozzi, deriving from Les Mille et un jours. His Il re cervo (The King Stag) is partly based on its L'Histoire du Prince Fadlallah, and in its turn inspired incidental music by Francis Chagrin as well as Hans Werner Henze's opera König Hirsch (1952–1955), revised in 1962 as Il re cervo. Another of Gozzi's plays, Turandot, was adapted into German blank verse by Friedrich Schiller in 1802 as Turandot, Prinzessin von China, and this adaptation was itself translated back into Italian by Andrea Maffei. Gozzi's or Schiller's versions have been the inspiration for many operas; the two best known are Ferrucio Busoni's Turandot (1917), a work which grew out of his incidental music for a production of the Gozzi play in a translation by Karl Vollmöller, and Puccini's Turandot (1926), the libretto of which, by Giuseppe Adami and Renato Simoni, is based on the Maffei version.
| 2.453125
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75643192
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoreau%3A%20A%20Sublime%20Life
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Thoreau: A Sublime Life
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Thoreau: A Sublime Life () is a biographical comic book about the American philosopher Henry David Thoreau. It was written by Maximilien Le Roy and has art by A. Dan. The original French version was published by Le Lombard in 2012 and the English translation was published by NBM Publishing in 2016.
Synopsis
Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862) is portrayed as a person who lived an active and politically engaged life. He operated a pencil factory his father owned. He was an outspoken abolitionist and assisted escaping slaves. He refused to pay taxes to the United States as a protest against slavery and the Mexican–American War. He sympathized with the abolitionist John Brown and met him in person. He also lived for two years in a cabin at the Walden Pond in Concord, Massachusetts, for which he later became remembered due to his book Walden.
Reception
Benoît Cassel of Planète BD wrote that the worldview portrayed in the book should appeal to those who enjoyed the films Into the Wild and Dead Poets Society. He wrote that it succeeds to present a political philosophy in comic-book format in a sober, didactic and non-idolizing way, where the "semi-realistic" drawing style is in "perfect accord with Thoreau's spirit". Mélanie Monroy of wrote that the landscape drawings make the reader feel the joy of being in contact with nature. She wrote that the book sheds light on less known parts of Thoreau's life, but fails to make him seem like a person of flesh and blood. Quoting from the foreword, where Le Roy writes that he wanted to present Thoreau as a useful model for contemporary subversion, Monroy wrote that this ambition failed. Publishers Weekly called the book a "powerful and impassioned graphic biography" that restores "a luminous fire" to Thoreau.
| 2.625
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75643194
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehri%20and%20Vafa
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Mehri and Vafa
|
Mehri and Vafa is one of the first works written in Azerbaijani language, written by Ummi Isa. The language of the poem is distinguished by its simplicity and comprehensibility, as it is written in a folkloric, colloquial language. Service to the poem "Book of Dede Korkut" and "Dastani-Ahmed Harami" "Mehri va Vafa" is written in a simpler language and is a development form for the modern reader to understand. The language of the poem is dominated by words of Turkish origin. Its grammatical structures differ only slightly from modern Azerbaijani.
Research
"Mehri and Vafa", a love story with two protagonists, has common characteristics in Turkish and Iranian literature. The story, which takes its source from Iranian literature, tells about lovers meeting each other after various events and obstacles, as the theme of a classical masnavi. One of the poets of the 9th century, Arshi Dahlavi and his brother Mir Mahammad Momini Arsh have poems called "Mehri va Vafa". A copy of Mir Muhammad's "Mehri and Vafa" is registered in the Paris National Library Supp 1100. This masnavi consists of 2200 verses. The poet claims that he was the first to write the theme "Mehri and Vafa". Another literary scholar suggested that the story of Mehri and Vafa was first written by Rashidi Samarkandi in the 12th century. It is known as a romantic verse from this work of Rashidi. Dovlatshah mentions Rashidi's Mehri wa Vafa masnawi in his tazkira that "he really gave his word in that epic". Most of the Persian and Turkish "Mehri and Vafa" masnavis written later were influenced by him. The first known Mehri and Vafa masnavi in Turkish language literature was written by Ummi Isa.
The name of the author of the poem is İsa only found in the work itself. No information is found in any other source about this poet's name or details.
| 2.375
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75643194
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehri%20and%20Vafa
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Mehri and Vafa
|
Literary scholars K. Sharifli and A. Sharifli brought the work to light, publishing it twice with introductory notes. A. Sharifli wrote a dissertation on the paleographic, orthographic, and lexicological research of "Mehri and Vafa".
G. Kazimov, in his "Selected Works," analyzed the language of the poem in comparison with the language of "Dastani-Ahmad Harami," providing information about its lexical and morphological structure in an attempt to determine the era it belongs to. He concluded that the creation of the poem could be attributed to a period earlier than the 13th century.
Turkish literary scholar Agah Sirri Levend notes Ummi İsa as a poet who lived in the 15th century. In his book examining pre-15th-century epic poems in Turkish literature, Amil Chelebioghlu evaluates Ummi İsa's epic as a monument from the 14th century. He mentions that the poet explicitly states in the closing verses of his epic that he completed his work in the Hijri year 774 (1372–73).
Topic
The subject of the poem is as follows:
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75643248
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila%20Moriber%20Katz
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Sheila Moriber Katz
|
Sheila Sue Moriber Katz (February 1, 1943 – September 10, 2023) was an American pathologist and writer, dean of the Hahnemann University School of Medicine, and co-founder of the School of Public Health at Drexel. She is sometimes described as the first person to see the bacterium Legionella pneumophila, which causes Legionnaires' disease.
Early life and education
Moriber was born in Brooklyn's Bensonhurst neighborhood, the daughter of Joseph Moriber and Muriel Goldfinger Moriber. Her father was a lawyer and real estate developer. She graduated from Cornell University in 1962 at the age of 19. She earned a medical degree at Duke University School of Medicine in 1966. In 1990 she earned an MBA at the Wharton School.
Career
Katz was a pathologist and professor at Hahnemann University School of Medicine beginning in 1974. She reached full professor status in 1981, and in 1993 became senior associate dean. She was director of the microscopy laboratory at Hahnemann, and co-founder of the School of Public Health there. She was president of the Philadelphia County Medical Society, and of the Duke University Medical School Alumni Council.
Katz studied Legionnaire's disease after a deadly outbreak in Philadelphia in 1976. She may have caught the disease herself, from handling a sample of infected lung tissue. She was the first scientist to see the bacterium Legionella pneumophila. Newsweek magazine included Katz in a list of 100 "unsung heroes" in 1986. In 1993 she was honored by the Girl Scouts of Greater Philadelphia as a woman achiever in science.
In the 1990s, Katz led the White House Commission on Complementary and Alternative Medicine. She was executive officer of the Allegheny Health Education and Research Foundation in Philadelphia. She founded her own business, NewMedicine, in 2000. Katz also wrote poetry.
| 2.109375
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75643536
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternation%20of%20supports
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Alternation of supports
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Italian architecture of the 11th and 12th century actively used the alternating system. However, frequently the column and pier alternation was used for purely decorative purposes, most likely following the Byzantine idea found in the Hagios Demetrios. Examples include San Miniato al Monte (), San Clemente al Laterano (dedicated in 1128), Santa Maria in Cosmedin (1123), Basilica di San Nicola in Bari (1197). The alternation was also used structurally, as in Modena Cathedral (1099-1184), probably as an evolution of the decorative use.
The second area of the frequent use of the alternation was Germany, with the earliest example still standing of the church of Saint Cyriakus, Gernrode (-1014). St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim (1022), Hildesheim Cathedral (1061), and Gandersheim Abbey (1094) form an 11th-century group of churches in Saxony with alternate supports in the "dactyl" arrangement (one pier-two columns in repetition). Dactyl pattern was not new to Saxony in the 11th century, as it was used previously in Gernrode and, likely, in the old Hildesheim Cathedral (852-872). Another group of churches with alternating piers and columns is located in former Lower Lorraine: Abbey of Echternach (1016-1031), church in Zyfflich (early 11th century), Susteren Abbey (mid-11th century), Lobbes Abbey (11th century). The group might also include St Bavo's Cathedral, Ghent. The churches in Lower Lorraine use simple alternation (pier-column) as a base of the double bay system, but without the galleries. A fully developed double bay system with galleries can be found in the church of Soignies.
The use of alternating supports was not common in Normandy, with notable exceptions of Jumièges Abbey (1052-1066) and Lyre Abbey (12th century), the former being an early example of a double-bay transition.
| 2.03125
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68437021
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cork%20Courthouse%2C%20Anglesea%20Street
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Cork Courthouse, Anglesea Street
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Original building
The building's original elevation is Italianate-inspired. The entrance porch features a Serlian style opening and capitals into which foxes, rabbits, and monkeys are carved. It was the first major public building in Cork adjudged to be built with "brick comparable to the best English types". As evidenced by surviving contemporary drawings, the plans drawn up by Owens are an example of total design. Areas of the school building are made from Cork limestone. It has pitched roofs, with contrasting red clay ridge tiles. Sawtooth limestone eaves course on brick brackets, and finials top the roof's gables. The roof has gabled timber vents, and decorative brick chimney stacks with sawtooth detail to limestone capping. While the front façade is in redbrick, the rear of the building is in silver limestone with brick dressings. The masonry style of the front façade is English Garden wall bond. It features a rusticated base in brick, with honey-coloured limestone dressings. As part of the 2015-2018 renovations, 25,000 bricks which were inappropriately added to the building in the 1990s were replaced by hand in order to preserve the English garden bond style.
New development
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68437041
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holubia%20saccata
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Holubia saccata
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Holubia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Pedaliaceae. The only species is Holubia saccata.
Its native range is Botswana, Zimbabwe and the Northern Provinces of South Africa.
It is commonly found in disturbed sandy soils along riverbanks and along roadsides.
General description
It is similar in form to Harpagophytum procumbens, another plant in the family of Pedaliaceae.
An upright, annual, biennial, or perennial, It grows up to tall, with slightly fleshy, square stem and spreading branches. It has opposite leaves, which are also fleshy, circular to ovate shaped. They are petiolate (leaf stalk is long), and spinach-green in colour. They can be up to long, with the petiole reaching long. It blooms from summer to autumn, with large, solitary flowers in shades of yellow-green, yellow, cream or white. They have an unpleasant smell. They have a 30–40 mm long, corolla tube that is fox-glove like, and it has a saccate spur, or a flattened sack at the base, which is 30 mm long and 20 mm wide. After flowering, it produces a fruit or seed capsule, that is often tinged with purple, large and angled, or rotund to circular in shape, and up to long, and wide. It has 4 wings. Inside the capsule, is dark brown, or black seeds, which are obovate shaped, 6 mm long and 4 mm wide. They have a leathery seed coat.
Taxonomy
It is known in Tswana language as 'makgabeathutlwa', and in English as 'Sac flower'.
The generic name of 'Holubia' is in honour of Emil Holub (1847 – 1902), who was Czech physician, explorer, cartographer, and ethnographer in Africa. Also, the specific name of saccata is derived from the Latin saccus, meaning "sac" or "bag", and more specifically "moneybag", which refers to the spurred corolla tube of the flower.
It was first published by Daniel Oliver in Hooker's book Icones Plantarum (Hooker's Icon. Pl.) Vol.15 in table 1475 in 1884.
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68437080
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjatta%20Kujasalo
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Marjatta Kujasalo
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Aune Marjatta Kujasalo (née Palasto, born 12 September 1943) is a Finnish sculptor and chess player, two-times Finnish Women Chess Championship winner (1978, 1980).
Biography
Palasto, who is the daughter of diplomats Soini Palasto and Taina Arhonmaa, studied 1963–1967 at the School of Art and Design (ceramics) and 1967–1868 at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris with César Baldaccini as teacher. She first exhibited in 1970 and is known for her experimental sculptures and reliefs, both figurative and abstract, in wood, fabric, paper and steel, among other things. However, she began with sculptures, which were classically cast in bronze, including portraits of the authors Eeva Kilpi, Anu Kaipainen and Pentti Saaritsa.
Palasto has studied the significance of shadows in his sculptures and reliefs. Her monochrome reliefs give the impression of neoplastic, architectural visions, which, however, are pure compositions with light and shadows. Humor and playfulness have also been included as elements in her work. She has taught at the Art Industrial Vocational School 1968–1969, the Art High School in Savonlinna 1970–1973, the Art School in Lahti 1984–1988 and the Nordic Art School in Kokkola in 1985.
She is married to the painter Matti Kujasalo.
Chess career
From the begin of 1970s to the end of 1980s, Marjatta Kujasalo was one of Finland's leading chess players. In Finnish Chess Championships she has won two gold (1978, 1980), four silver (1973, 1974, 1975, 1981) and bronze (1971) medals. In 1978, in Tel Aviv Marjatta Kujasalo participated in World Women's Chess Championship West European Zonal tournament.
| 1.953125
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68437593
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewels%20of%20Margaret%20Tudor
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Jewels of Margaret Tudor
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Jewels for hoods and hats
The jewels left at Tantallon included bands for the front of hoods or head dresses called "shaffrons", "saferons" or "chaffrouns", and called "cheverons" by the 19th-century historian Agnes Strickland. Similar words were used for the armour covering a horse's face and head. The jewels were set on velvet. The Scottish wardrobe accounts make it clear that the "chaffron" was the name of the velvet strip for a hood, made in 1511 by the queen's tailor, Thomas Edgar. Another kind of chaffron, made of gold wire costing £20 Scots, was supplied by the wife of William Currour. Jewels were also set on textile edgings called "burdes" for hoods or to border other costume. This Scottish word for "border" can be confused with similar words for "bird". In English inventories jewelled "borders" could be for the neckline for the gown or forepart, and when found in pairs were sometimes for sleeves.
A Spanish ambassador Pedro de Ayala wrote in 1498 that Scottish women "dress much better than here (in England), and especially as regards the head-dress (las cabeças), which is, I think, the handsomest in the world". It is not clear if the chaffrons mentioned in Margaret's inventory were very different from the jewelled bands worn in other countries.
There were hats with jewels called "hingers" or "targets". William Currour's wife sold Margaret a "tergat" in May 1511, which cost £18 Scots, to wear on her hood. Margaret also had partlets, worn at the shoulders set with gold fringes and pearls. There was a little coffer with reels of gold wire, perhaps for dressing her hair or for embroidery. The jewels from Tantallon were sent to Margaret at London in two installments.
| 2.5625
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68438069
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan%20Reach-Paskeville%20pipeline
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Swan Reach-Paskeville pipeline
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The Swan Reach to Paskeville pipeline is a 189 km long pipeline to deliver treated water drawn from the River Murray upstream of Swan Reach to the Barossa Valley and Yorke Peninsula and places in between. It was originally constructed as the Swan Reach to Stockwell pipeline, but then extended across the Mid North to Paskeville. It was built in the 1960s. Water is treated at the inlet near Swan Reach.
There are three pumping stations to lift water from near sea level at Swan Reach to the highest point near Moculta in the Mount Lofty Ranges east of the northern Barossa Valley. The first pump station lifts water from Swan Reach to tanks at Black and White Hills. The second lifts the water to Towitta Tanks. The third lifts to Moculta Tanks. Each pumping station has three or four pumps, and can pump up to per day. After 50 years of operation, the pumps and valves required upgrade and replacement.
As part of its upgrade to reduce energy costs, SA Water is installing solar farms next to many of its pump stations, including the first two on the Swan Reach to Stockwell pipeline. These solar farms will be operational in 2021.
| 2.28125
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68438088
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight%20Creek
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Sunlight Creek
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Sunlight Creek is a tributary of Clarks Fork Yellowstone River part of the Yellowstone River watershed, located in Park County, Wyoming, United States in the Shoshone National Forest.
Course
Sunlight Creek begins in the Absaroka Range of the Rocky Mountains and then flows east into the Sunlight Basin. The creek then flows through a granite canyon carved by the creek, Sunlight Gorge, where it is crossed by the Sunlight Creek Bridge, the highest bridge in the state of Wyoming. Sunlight Creek then flows northeast into the Clarks Fork Yellowstone River.
History
In the early 1800s, prospectors and fur traders trapped in dense fog in the mountains named the Sunlight Basin after the sudden sunlight-covered valley. According to them, "the only thing that can get into this valley most of the year, is sunlight." Sunlight Creek, which flows east through the middle of the area from the mountains into the canyon, is named for the basin.
In 1877, Chief Joseph and his Nez Perce travelled through Sunlight Gorge whilst escaping US cavalries, as part of three months and outmaneuvering them through present-day Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana during the Nez Perce War.
On November 20, 2018, work began on a project by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department to prevent erosion of Sunlight Creek, which threatened the area inhabited by moose and elk, the bridges that cross the creek, power lines in the area, and local fishing, by rechanneling the creek.
Sunlight Creek Bridge
In 1985, the Sunlight Creek Bridge was built across the Sunlight Gorge, carrying Chief Joseph Scenic Byway (Wyoming Highway 296) and two pedestrian walkways. At , it is the highest bridge in Wyoming.
Recreation
Sunlight Creek is followed and crossed by a gravel road, Sunlight Road (Forest Road 101), for the majority of its course, which provides access to campgrounds along the river in the North Absaroka Wilderness area, as well as other off-roading trails and forest roads.
| 2.421875
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68438475
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20Corps%20Early%20Warning%20Detachment%2C%20Guadalcanal%20%281942%E2%80%9343%29
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Marine Corps Early Warning Detachment, Guadalcanal (1942–43)
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The Marine Corps Early Warning Detachment, Guadalcanal (1942–43) was a ground based early-warning radar detachment that provided long range detection and rudimentary fighter direction against Japanese air raids during the Battle of Guadalcanal. Initially deployed as part of the headquarters of Marine Aircraft Group 23, this detachment established an SCR-270 long range radar that allowed the Cactus Air Force to husband its critically short fighter assets during the early stages of the battle when control of the island was still very much in doubt. The detachment arrived on Guadalcanal on 28 August 1942, began operating in mid-September, and did not depart until early March 1943. Combat lessons learned from this detachment had a great deal of influence on the Marine Corps' development of its own organic, large scale air warning program which began in early 1943.
History
Background
Dermott H. MacDonnell enlisted into the Marine Corps in Boston, Massachusetts on 9 April 1942, and immediately attained the rank of Staff Sergeant based on previous technical experience. He was immediately sent to Marine Corps Base Quantico, Virginia to attend the Marine Corps' newly established radar school. Two months later he led a detachment of nine Marines attached to Marine Aircraft Group 12 (MAG-12) at Camp Kearney in San Diego, California for a few weeks of training on radar problems in the California desert. The detachment departed San Diego at the end of July and arrived in Oahu, Hawaii on 3 August joining Marine Aircraft Group 23 (MAG-23). The Marines immediately boarded another ship headed west for Efate with follow on orders to Guadalcanal.
| 2.21875
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68438600
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mungo%20Law
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Mungo Law
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Mungo Law (c.1606–1660) was a Scottish minister of the Church of Scotland. He was minister of the Greyfriars Kirk in Edinburgh. He was a noteworthy figure in Scotland during the English Civil War.
Life
He graduated MA at Glasgow University in 1627 and became schoolmaster of Kirkcaldy Parish School in July 1628. In 1635 he became private tutor to the family of "George, Master of Ramsay" for a year.
In October 1636 he was elected "second charge" of the then quite important Dysart Parish Church, on the edge of Kirkcaldy. In December 1643 he was elected by the Town Council of Edinburgh as minister of Old Greyfriars again as "second charge" (in place of James Fairlie), first under George Gillespie then under Rev Robert Traill. He translated to the post from Dysart in March 1644.
In Edinburgh he formed part of the commission on the Assembly from 1644 to 1649. In March 1645 he was involved in the trial of Agnes Finnie, accused of witchcraft.
He took an active role in the English Civil War serving as an Army Chaplain and was present at the Battle of Inverlochy (1645).
He was present at the capture of Edinburgh Castle by the English army under Oliver Cromwell in December 1650. He escaped capture in Edinburgh but was captured in 1651 at the Onfall of Alyth and held prisoner in England.
He returned to Edinburgh and Greyfriars in January 1653 and died there in February 1660. He is buried in Greyfriars Kirkyard.
Family
In May 1638 he married Lilias Turner daughter of Rev Patrick Turner, minister of Dalkeith. They had at least 8 children including:
Rev Mungo Law minister of Perth
John Law
Katherine
Lilias (d.1666)
Anna married Rev John Liddell of Scone
James
Andrew
David
| 2.296875
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68438985
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20W.%20Avery
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John W. Avery
|
After the Civil War, Avery started the John W. Avery & Co., a ship stores and general grocery business at 309 Water Street, New York City. He was a well-known merchant among the local Sandy Hook pilots. The store on Water Street had been for 40 years the regular "headquarters" for New York Sandy Hook pilots. At almost any time, up to a dozen of the pilots could be found lounging around there and exchanging stories of recent sailing adventures. He was collector and disburser for many pilots, collecting and disbursing their earnings. They would settle their accounts before they went to sea. Avery was also a merchant in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire.
Avery would often put ads in the local newspaper on behalf of the Sandy Hook pilots. For example, on February 7, 1863, Avery put an ad in the New York Daily Herald saying that a 16 foot yawl was lost or stolen from the pilot boat James M. Waterbury. The yawl was painted brown on the outside and yellow on the inside, with the name of "David Blackburn" branded on her. A reward for $10 was offered for her recovery. You would then reply to John W. Avery, at 309 Water Street.
| 2.15625
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68439163
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabijan%20%C5%A0antyr
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Fabijan Šantyr
|
Fabijan Šantyr (also spelled Fabiyan Shantyr, ; 4 February 1887 - 29 May 1920) was a Belarusian poet, writer and public figure who has been regarded as “the first victim of [the Bolsheviks] in...Belarusian politics and literature”.
Early years
Šantyr was born into the family of an artist in Slucak and lost his mother at a young age. In his youth he worked as a decorator and was engaged in self-education. "I grew up in an atmosphere of complete independence and never accepted any conditions that in one way or another would limit the will of the individual," he wrote in one of his letters.
He was imprisoned in Slucak between 1905-07 for participation in the events of the 1905 Revolution.
Involvement in the Belarusian independence movement
Šantyr started writing in 1909 and his works were published in the Belarusian newspapers “Naša Niva" and Dzianica. In 1914 he was mobilised into the Russian Imperial Army and served as a supervisor of a field hospital in Babrujsk. From Babrujsk he travelled to Minsk to take part in the activities of Belarusian cultural and political organisations and became one of the leaders of the left wing of the Belarusian Socialist Assembly “Hramada”.
In December 1917 he took part in the First All-Belarusian Congress where he made a "passionate“ pro-independence speech:
"When we are told to forget our homeland, I do not understand this. Assimilation is slavery. Why did you come here? You were brought here by the national feeling. The national revival will never die."
With the Bolsheviks
In 1918 Šantyr was faced with a choice: to stay in the Belarusian independence movement or to support the Bolsheviks. In the end, his long-held far-left views prevailed and he chose the second option.
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68439634
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armley%20Hippo
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Armley Hippo
|
Dating the bones
For a long time there was some question as to the dating of the bones: There have always been concerns about the dating of these bones. Denny recorded that they were all discovered within a small area and that some were still articulated. He concluded that the bodies had not travelled far after death. A workman told T. P. Teale, who went to the site with Denny, that querns had been found in an adjoining field at about the same level. He wrote a paper suggesting that the animals were alive after the last glaciation and possibly during Roman times.
Historically the bones were difficult to date due to a gelatine coating which had been added, probably at the time of discovery. More recently, a molar sample from the skeleton was more precisely dated to 130,000–113,000 (or 130,000–117,000) years ago – during the Ipswichian interglacial period when a warm climate suited the hippopotamus.
By 1878, theories that early Man co-existed with the Yorkshire hippopotamus were being confirmed. For example, at Victoria Cave, near Settle, North Yorkshire, evidence of Paleolithic Man was found alongside hippopotamus bones in the same stratum.
Modern theory says that the skeleton dates to the last interglacial (Eemian) around 130,000 to 115,000 years ago. Hippopotamuses have been intermittently present in Britain during interglacial periods.
Mount and display
The larger bones were originally displayed unmounted on tables, as for example in 1853 at the Leeds Philosophical Society's annual conversazione. In 1862, when the museum was rehoused in the extended Philosophical Hall in Park Row, it was planned to display as many different mammals as possible in the same area, to facilitate public understanding of Linnaean taxonomy. Professor Richard Owen gave the inaugural speech at the opening of this extension, in which he expounded on this plan, which included the bones of the Armley Hippo.
| 2.875
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68439634
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armley%20Hippo
|
Armley Hippo
|
Armley Hippo as an educational tool
In 2008 the geography department of the University of Leeds organised the Leeds Hippo Project for schoolchildren on the theme of the Armley Hippo (under its previous name, Leeds Hippopotamus or Leeds Hippo). Dr Jon Barber said, "We aim to use the bones to engage pupils and families with the University and the museum". The project involved the Royal Armouries, Leeds, Leeds City Museum and four local primary schools. Teaching within the National Curriculum guidelines, workshops and visits to Leeds City Museum were included in the project.
The Armley Hippo was celebrated in the I Love West Leeds Festival of 3–25 July 2010. Armley Primary School children attended the festival, and the organisers made "hundreds of plaster hippos ... inviting local people to have a go at decorating them".
In 2017 and 2019 Leeds City Museum held a week of educational events for children on the subject of the Armley Hippo. A central feature in 2019 was an animation created from a story and drawings by school-children Lochan Chakrabarti and Holly Reeve; it was premiered on Millennium Square, Leeds in front of the museum. Other events included "a display of all the competition entries, hippo crafts and a CSI-style event exploring a fictitious animal crime scene". A mural showing the hippo was created in Armley Town Street in 2019.
| 3.203125
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68439949
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamper%20%28nuclear%20weapon%29
|
Tamper (nuclear weapon)
|
In a boosted fission weapon or a thermonuclear weapon, the neutrons produced by a deuterium-tritium reaction can remain sufficiently energetic to fission uranium-238 even after three collisions with deuterium, but the ones produced by deuterium-deuterium fusion no longer have sufficient energy after even a single collision. A uranium-235 tamper will fission even with slow neutrons. A highly enriched uranium tamper is therefore more efficient than a depleted uranium one, and a smaller tamper can be used to achieve the same yield. The use of enriched uranium tampers therefore became more common once enriched uranium became more plentiful.
An important development after World War II was the lightweight beryllium tamper. In a boosted device the thermonuclear reactions greatly increase the production of neutrons, which makes the inertial property of tampers less important. Beryllium has a low slow neutron absorbency cross section but a very high scattering cross section. When struck by high energy neutrons produced by fission reactions, beryllium emits neutrons. With a beryllium reflector, the critical mass of highly enriched uranium is 14.1 kg, compared with 52.5 kg in an untamped sphere. A beryllium tamper also minimizes the loss of X-rays, which is important for a thermonuclear primary which uses its X-rays to compress the secondary stage.
| 2.296875
| 0
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68440272
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20H.%20Holloman
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William H. Holloman
|
While waiting for selection to a Tuskegee Aviation cadet class, Holloman enrolled in college courses at Tuskegee Institute. En route to Tuskegee, Alabama, a white train conductor physically threatened him. Though the USAAC had assigned Holloman to a train's drawing room to help shield Holloman and other African American recruits from potential racial harassment and white supremacist physical assaults, the train conductor tried to force Holloman to shift to a "Jim Crow car" behind the train's hot engine.
Holloman's cousin, a master sergeant, helped bump Holloman's name to a forthcoming cadet class.
On September 8, 1944, he graduated as a member of the Single Engine Section Cadet Class SE-44-H, receiving his wings and commission as a 2nd Lieutenant.
Between 1944 and 1945, Holloman flew 19 strafing, patrol, and bomber escort missions in Eastern Europe including Germany and Austria.
After World War II, Holloman became a USAAC reservist. Outside of the military, he flew crop duster aircraft in Central America and South America and operated small commercial aircraft in Canada. In 1948, Colonel (later General) Benjamin O. Davis Jr. convinced Holloman to return to active duty as a member of the newly integrated U.S. Air Force (USAF). After attending airborne electronics school, he became the USAF's first African American helicopter pilot.
Reactivated to active duty again in 1966 during the Vietnam War, he trained helicopter pilots in Greenland and examined pilots’ instruments as a director of safety and standards. He earned the designation of master aviator, earning over 17,000 military flying hours. He subsequently switched from the USAF to the US Army. In 1972, he retired from the U.S. Army as a Lieutenant colonel.
| 2.640625
| 0
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68440308
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hutton%20%28cricketer%29
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John Hutton (cricketer)
|
John Leonard Hutton (born 6 May 1946) is an English former first-class cricketer.
Early life and career
Hutton was born to the Test cricketer and former England captain Len Hutton and his wife, Dorothy, at Pudsey in May 1946. He was educated at Repton School, captaining the school cricket team in 1964. Hutton played for the Yorkshire Second XI, but was unable to follow in the footsteps of his father and brother, Richard, who both played for Yorkshire at senior level. He toured East Africa with the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1973/74, playing a single first-class match against East Africa at Nairobi. He batted in both MCC innings, scoring 12 runs in their first innings before he was dismissed by Vasant Tapu and 39 runs in their second innings, before being dismissed by Zulfiqar Ali. With his right-arm medium pace bowling, he dismissed Jawahir Shah and Jagoo Shah in the East African first and second innings respectively to finish with match figures of 2 for 47. Alongside his brother, he unveiled a blue plaque in honour of his father and Herbert Sutcliffe at Pudsey St Lawrence Cricket Club in October 2016. His uncle Frank Dennis and nephew Ben Hutton both played in over fifty first-class matches.
| 1.960938
| 0
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68440318
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsie%20Cameron%20Corbett
|
Elsie Cameron Corbett
|
Corbett then took another unconventional step, and went to train in nursing at Kilmarnock Infirmary and Stobhill Hospital (at that time redesignated 'Scottish Military Hospital No 3') so that she could volunteer to go to the Scottish Women's Hospitals herself, where she worked between 1915 and 1919.
On the sea passage to the war zone, she met Kathleen Nora Dillon (1877–1958) from Aghada, Cork who was put in charge of the transport unit and was to become her lifelong friend, and companion or partner. From Spring 1915, Corbett and Dillon were both with the Red Cross Scottish Ambulance Column.
War experiences in the news
Corbett's arrival in Serbia was front page "war hero" news in the Christmas Day edition of The Daily Record of 1915, although from 10 November 1915 to 29 February 1916, Corbett was a prisoner of the Austro-Hungarian forces. This was noted by the British press a few days after the earlier item. Herne Bay Press included some of Corbett's letter to her father, reassuring him of her safety and saying "being taken prisoner is not nearly so exciting as it sounds".
After four and a half months, her safe return was also headline news. She sailed via a French port on SS Normannia with other women from the British Red Cross unit. A news image had been taken in Switzerland, when they were ready to return following the 'great retreat' from Serbia, published under the headline "Lord Rowallan's Daughter Home from Serbia" and the Daily Record and Mail commented that the women were "none the worse for their adventure".
In summer 1916, Corbett was back home and working in the Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow as well as chairing meetings at the Kilmarnock branch of NUWSS and fundraising, such as when Mrs Gardner Robertson, of Edinburgh's Morningside spoke of her visit to the Royaumont Scottish Women's Hospital.
Serbian ambulance transport service
| 2.375
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68440318
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsie%20Cameron%20Corbett
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Elsie Cameron Corbett
|
She travelled in the summer of 1928 with Dillon (again keeping a diary) across France, Austria and Czechoslovakia. In Spring 1929, at Dillon's home, Spelsbury House, Oxford, she gathered local folk tales and ghost stories for the Women's Institute, which were published in a short article in the journal Folklore. That summer, she and Dillon travelled to Syria and Iraq, as reported in Corbett's diary. She wrote and published a history of the parish of Spelsbury in 1931.
Corbett gave a talk on Albania to the Women's Institute in Turville in April 1939. In 1941, she presented films about 'The Royal Tour of Canada and the USA', 'Poland' and 'Oxford' to the W.I. in Langford, and on the 'charming scenery of The Balkans' in Shenington.
As a teetotaller, Corbett welcomed that her adopted village chose not to have a pub. She set up an animal welfare centre for rescued pit ponies and seaside donkeys. In 1931, Misses Dillon and Corbett's Welsh bull won a prize at the Royal Show in Warwick.
Her father died suddenly in 1933 at age 77 and her brother Thomas inherited the title Lord Rowallan.
She was recruiting a parlourmaid in October 1933 ("2 maids, 2 in family"). The following year she and Dillon travelled across Switzerland, Italy, Croatia, Greece, Hungary and Austria during the months of March to May. In February 1935, the Folk-Lore Society elected Corbett as a member at its 57th annual meeting, where she was nominated by Violet Mason. That summer, Corbett and Dillon were travelling again, this time to Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Romania, Hungary, Austria and Czechoslovakia, as noted in her second travel diary.
| 2.359375
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68441009
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avenida%20Leopoldo%20Lugones
|
Avenida Leopoldo Lugones
|
Avenida Leopoldo Lugones, and its southern continuation, Autopista Dr. Arturo Umberto Illia, is a freeway running from Avenida General Paz in the north, which continues to an interchange with National Route 9 and the Paseo del Bajo (currently a truck and bus only road) in the city center. It provides access to Downtown Buenos Aires from the northern suburbs, and from Rosario, Cordoba, and other northern destinations. Due to the lack of a complete bypass of the city, it also connects truck and bus traffic from La Plata to the north. It runs along the east shore of the city, providing access to Aeroparque Jorge Newbery.
Route description
Autopista Dr. Arturo Umberto Illia
The highway begins at a four way intersection between Arroyo and Avenida 9 de Julio, which continues south. It runs north over a railyard and then Barrio Mugica, a residential neighborhood. Merging with the Paseo de Bajo, it runs to a tollbooth. Running north, the highway has two more interchanges, the northern one leading to Aeroparque Jorge Newbery. After this interchange, the highway changes name to Avenida Leopoldo Lugones.
Avenida Leopoldo Lugones
The highway continues to the north along Coronel Jordan C. Wysocki Park, with the northbound lanes also known as Avenida Intendente Cantilo, with interchanges at Avenida Dorrego, La Pampa, and the road leading to Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti and University of Buenos Aires. At the city limits, there is a sharp bend in the freeway, and then is a turbine interchange with Avenida del Libertador. The freeway changes names again to Avenida General Paz, and continues to an interchange with National Route 9.
History
The highways that make up the Avenida Leopoldo Lugones, along with the Paseo del Bajo (for trucks and buses only as of 2021) were first proposed in the Plan de Autopistas Urbanas. During the military dictatorship, this corridor was not constructed, except for the twinning of the connection between it and Avenida General Paz.
| 1.90625
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68441457
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life%20and%20Miracles%20of%20Saint%20Thecla
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Life and Miracles of Saint Thecla
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The Life and Miracles of Saint Thecla () is a Greek hagiography of Thecla, the reputed follower of Paul of Tarsus. The text was composed between 445 and 474.
It consists of two books, the first a biography and the second an account of 46 posthumous miracles wrought by Thecla. The Life is an expansion of the earlier Greek Acts of Thecla. The full Life and Miracles is about ten times longer than the Acts.
The Life circulated independently of the Miracles, but the Miracles was always transmitted with the Life. There are a total of twelve manuscripts of the Life, but only four of those include the Miracles. The manuscripts that include the Miracles are:
Vaticanus gr. 1667 (10th century), which is lacunose
Mosquensis synod 26 (11th century)
Atheniensis 2095 (12th century), which is in the best condition
Vaticanus gr. 1853 (10th century), a palimpsest with only fragments of the Life and Miracles
"The Miracles give some vivid slices of life in and around the shrine of Hagia Thekla in the last third of the fifth century."
The Life and Miracles is an anonymous work written in Seleucia. In the Middle Ages, it was usually attributed to Bishop Basil of Seleucia, a contemporary of the actual author. This may have been based on the remark by Photios in the 9th century that Basil wrote an verse account of the deeds of Thecla. As the Life and Miracles is prose, it cannot be the work mentioned. In fact, the author remarks that Basil excommunicated him for a time. Nevertheless, he is still often known as Pseudo-Basil of Seleucia.
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68441877
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey%20Rosenfeld
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Jeffrey Rosenfeld
|
He pioneered the surgical technique to remove hypothalamic hamartomas from the brain. This type of tumour causes gelastic epilepsy, and they are located in a very inaccessible area inside the brain. The conventional surgical approach was to access the brain from below, because the tumour is closer to the bottom; Rosenfeld's novel approach was to access it from above, using a microscope to navigate down between the brain's hemispheres. In 1997, he performed the first such operation on 4-year-old Tom Leray-Meyer. Before the surgery, Leray-Meyer had the intellectual development of a one-year old, he could barely walk and he had fits every five to ten minutes. By 2001, his father was able to take him to see his first cricket match. The first international patient for this surgery was American Joelle Rue in May 2000, and she was followed by regular patients from overseas.
In 2001, he won international acclaim for performing life-changing surgery to remove a hypothalamic hamartoma from a nine-year-old British boy, Sebastian Selo. The technique had previously been used successfully on 18 children at that time, but Selo was the most critical; since he was a baby he suffered up to 100 epileptic fits each day and difficulty speaking, caused by a tumour the size of a grape which had grown in his brain, about down, behind his eyes. A surgery attempt in Britain four years earlier had not been successful, and caused a disabling stroke. Rosenfeld liquefied the tumour using a high-frequency aspirator so that it could then be sucked away in a four-hour operation. A year later, Selo's seizures were rare, and they did not prevent him leading a normal life. They were re-united in Great Britain when Rosenfeld visited to teach the technique to British surgeons. After the attention for that success, children from around the world were coming to the Royal Children's Hospital for the same surgery and Rosenfeld personally performed over 70 of them.
| 2.53125
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68441957
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogimara%20and%20Sitabenga%20Caves
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Jogimara and Sitabenga Caves
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The Sitabenga and Jogimara Caves, sometimes referred to either as Sitabenga Cave or Jogimara Cave, are ancient cave monuments nested in the north side of Ramgarh hills in Puta village, Chhattisgarh, India. Dated between the 3rd-century BCE to 1st-century BCE, they are notable for their non-religious inscriptions in Brahmi script and Magadhi language, and one of the oldest colored frescoes in Asia. Some scholars state that the Sitabenga cave is the oldest performance theatre on the Indian subcontinent, but others question whether it was indeed a theatre and suggest that it may have been a resting place (dharmashala) along an ancient trade route. The inscription at the Jogimara cave is equally disputed, with one translation interpreting it as a love-graffiti by a girl and a boy, while another translation interpreting it as a female dancer and a male sculptor-painter creating the two caves together to serve others. The inscription is also the oldest known mention of the word "devadasi", but this seems just a name and it is unlikely that this was related to any ancient Indian temple since the site and nearby area has no evidence of any Buddhist, Hindu or Jain temple built between the 3rd-century BCE and 8th-century CE.
The caves are partly natural, partly sculpted. The regional tradition associates it with the epic of Ramayana, one where Sita, Rama and Lakshmana came at the start of their exile. The oldest ruins and temple artwork found here relate to the Ramayana, all likely from the 8th to 12th-century based on their iconographic features.
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68442101
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenary%20maintenance%20vehicle
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Catenary maintenance vehicle
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A catenary maintenance vehicle (also known as a tower wagon or tower car) is a railroad maintenance of way vehicle that is used to maintain and inspect overhead line (also known as catenary) on electrified railroad or metro tracks. Such vehicles are typically self-propelled by a diesel engine, to allow them to operate when power is shut off to the overhead lines for worker safety or in the event of a power failure. Catenary maintenance vehicles allow maintenance of way workers to safely work on overhead wires and typically include a crane to install or remove wires as needed.
Design
Railroad overhead lines must be suspended high enough to allow a sufficient loading gauge for trains to travel beneath them safely. This means they are suspended too high for workers to reach by hand. Additionally, a specialized vehicle is required to minimize the risk of electric shock when working with overhead wires which are operated at voltages which can be fatal to humans. A catenary maintenance vehicle must allow maintenance of way workers to safely access the catenary and facilitate repair, inspection, and replacement of wires as needed. A typical catenary maintenance vehicle has two features used to access the catenary: a crane, and a top-mounted platform which can be raised to access the catenary, and lowered when not in use to reduce the vehicle's height. This platform can accommodate several workers, and in some vehicles is also capable of rotation. Many also include a grounded pantograph that, when raised, grounds the overhead line for additional protection.
To assist workers in their duties, catenary maintenance vehicles normally include an interior workshop and storage space, along with basic crew amenities such as bathrooms and a kitchen.
Many catenary maintenance vehicles also are capable of towing other vehicles, which can be used to rescue stalled trains or carry additional maintenance of way equipment such as flatcars to carry supplies like wires.
| 2.5625
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68442235
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather%20forecasting%20for%20Operation%20Overlord
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Weather forecasting for Operation Overlord
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In 2020, Maureen Flavin Sweeney was acknowledged by the United States government for her role in weather forecasting from Blacksod which directly influenced the schedule of the operation. Sweeney's weather report from the 3 June 1944 showing rapidly decreasing pressure, led to the delay of the landings by 24 hours by Eisenhower. This was credited with saving the lives of numerous soldiers during the landing. Unbeknownst to Sweeney, the hourly weather reports she sent to the Irish Met Service from the post office she worked as an assistant were forwarded to Allied Expeditionary Force in England. Sweeney was contacted directly by someone from England to confirm the reported readings. She was presented with a special US House of Representatives honour in June 2020. Sweeney went onto marry the lighthouse keeper, Ted, and only became aware of their involvement in the delay of the landings in 1956.
German forecasters
In 1961 while going to his inauguration JFK asked Eisenhower what gave him the edge on D-Day; he replied "Because we had better meteorologists (or weather forecasters) than the Germans."
Allied control of the Atlantic meant that German meteorologists did not have access to as much information as the Allies on incoming weather patterns. As the Luftwaffe meteorological centre in Paris predicted two weeks of stormy weather, many Wehrmacht commanders left their posts to attend war games in Rennes, and men in many units were given leave. Marshal Erwin Rommel returned to Germany for his wife's birthday, and to meet Hitler to try to get more Panzers.
| 2.265625
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68442490
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Idaho%20Vandals%20football
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History of Idaho Vandals football
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The University of Idaho fielded its first football team in 1893. It wasn't until 1917 that the program earned its nickname, the Vandals, after the UI basketball team under alumnus Hec Edmundson played defense with such ferocity that they "vandalized" their opponents and, thus, the nickname of Vandals was adopted for all school sports. Fred Herbold served as the Vandals head football coach in 1900 and 1901, compiling a record of In 1902, John G. Griffith was hired as head football coach and athletic director at the University of Idaho. When Iowa football coach Alden Knipe retired after the 1902 season, school officials considered hiring Griffith but went with John Chalmers instead. Griffith continued as Idaho's head football coach through 1906, and is Idaho's longest tenured head football coach to date. The Vandals' first-ever forward pass was attempted against Washington State in 1907: it was completed for a touchdown from a drop-kick formation in the fourth quarter and led to a 5–4 victory. Following the First World War, Thomas Kelley led the Vandals for two years, then left for Missouri. He played college football as a tackle at the University of Chicago under head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, and was previously the head coach at Alabama. In coach Robert Mathews' four seasons as head coach, the Vandals' first years in the Pacific Coast Conference, they won three consecutive rivalry games over Washington State. Idaho lost the other, Mathews' first in 1922, by a single point, and he remains the only Idaho head coach to date with multiple wins over Washington State. The Vandals made their first significant use of the forward pass under Mathews. Charles Erb was hired in May 1926 as head coach and director of athletics of the Vandals, where he compiled a record in three seasons, including a PCC co-championship in 1927. Erb was the quarterback at California in the early 1920s on the "Wonder Teams" of hall of fame head coach Andy Smith
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68442558
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euprox
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Euprox
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Euprox is an extinct genus of deer that lived in Eurasia during the Miocene.
Taxonomy
The type species Euprox furcatus was originally under the genus Prox, but that name was already taken. Depéret assigned it to the related genus Dicrocerus in 1887, before it was assigned to its current placement in 1928. Euprox dicranocerus and Euprox minimus were transferred to the genus soon after; they were originally described as Cervus dicranocerus and Dicracerus minimus, respectively.
Description
Euprox was some of the earliest types of deer known to have true antlers. It would have resembled a muntjac in size and appearance, standing at up to in height.
The antlers of Euprox were short, with two small prongs projecting from the main branch. Euprox is notable for being the earliest deer to possess the presence of a real burr, which are indicative of the border between permanent and deciduous segments of deer antlers. It possessed brachyodont teeth and likely fed on leaves. The environment that Euprox inhabited would have been warm and humid, with many tropical forests.
Palaeoecology
Paired measurements of 87Sr/86Sr, δ18OCO3, and δ13C derived from the tooth enamel of E. furcatus indicate that it was a subcanopy browser.
| 2.796875
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68442565
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Wintergerst
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Joseph Wintergerst
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Joseph Wintergerst (3 October 1783, Wallerstein - 25 January 1867, Düsseldorf) was a German painter in the Romantic style; associated with the Nazarene movement.
Life and work
He was born to the painter, Anton Wintergerst (1737–1805), and his second wife, Maria Barbara née Bux, daughter of the faience maker, Johann Baptist Bux (1716-1800). After 1804, he attended the Academy of Fine Arts Munich, then the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. There, in 1809, he became one of the co-founders of the "Lukasbund" artists' guild. In 1811, he went to Rome with his friends, Friedrich Overbeck and Franz Pforr, and joined the artists' colony at Sant’Isidoro a Capo le Case.
Pforr's untimely death in 1812 left him unsettled so, in 1813, he went to Switzerland, accompanied by , and taught at the Cantonal school in Aarau. After 1815, he was a drawing teacher at the gymnasium in Ellwangen. In 1822 his friend, Peter von Cornelius, hired him as a drawing teacher at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, where Cornelius was Acting Director. Two years later, Wintergerst succeeded Peter's brother, as "Inspector" and began giving drawing lessons at the . He resigned these positions in the early 1850s and retired.
His sister, was one of his students. She also became a well known painter and drawing teacher.
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68444140
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat%20Vihear%20Suor
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Wat Vihear Suor
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According to tradition, in 1525, Sdach Korn was buried at Vihear Suor, where one of the stupas still claims to hold his remains.
Theravada Buddhism probably came to the area during the 16th century. Srei Santhor, was one of the medieval capitals—and nearby Wat Vihear Suor is also of a royal foundation of early post-Angkorian date. Relative dating of sculpture and large stupas at Wat Sithor, Preah Vihear Suor, and Wat Yeay Bang suggests a workshop of artists, architects, and builders active under elite
patronage between the fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth century.
During the reign of Satha I (1576–1594), Longvek itself came under Thai attack. The king protected his capital by venerating the potent Buddha Kaya Siddhi image at Wat Brah Inda Deba and worshipping at the shrine of Khleang Moeung. To counter these supernatural defenses, two wizards disguised as Buddhist monks were sent to Cambodia by the Thai king, probably Naresuan (r. 1590–1605). Gaining the king's confidence, they drove Satha insane, convincing him that his problems emanated from the malign influences of the Buddha Kaya Siddhi and the previously mentioned Buddha of Wat Tralaeng Kaeng. Satha ordered both images to be broken and thrown into the river. The chronicles tell us that this caused not only the sacred sword of Khmer kingship, preah khan reach to rust but also a Buddha image at Vihear Suor, Srei Santhor, to crack and bleed among other ominous signs.
In 1673, a battle broke out close to Wat Vihear Suor between the Khmer and the Vietnamese troops, which resulted in the capture of Chey Chettha III.
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68444260
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim%20Werzlau
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Joachim Werzlau
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Werzlau wrote his probably most popular song, Weil wir jung sind, ist die Welt so schön (Because we are young, the world is so beautiful) to lyrics by Gerhard Wolfram. Between 1949 and 1952, he was a music consultant (Musikreferent) at Berlin Radio, for which he also worked as a composer and program planner. During this time he also began composing songs for children, pioneers, youth and other mass groups, suitable to socialist holidays. This made him very popular in the GDR. He wrote film scores for DEFA from 1953, and became one of the influential film composers of the GDR. In the 1960 Fünf Patronenhülsen, he used recorder, guitar, trumpet and drums instead of an orchestra.
Werzlau was a founding member of the East German , an association of composers and musicologists, in 1951, and working freelance from then on. He served as chairman of the association's Berlin District from 1960 to 1964. From 1967 to 1981, he was a member of the , and became a member of the Akademie der Künste der DDR in 1969. In 1977, Werzlau became a member of the board of the Composers' Association. From 1985, he was chairman of the advisory board of the , an institution for the protection of performing and reproduction rights for music. In both 1967 and 1981, he was honoured with the National Prize of the GDR.
Werzlau wrote his first opera Regine in 1963, which was premiered at the Hans Otto Theater in Potsdam with moderate success. In 1976, his second opera was premiered at the Berlin Staatsoper Unter den Linden with great success: Meister Röckle, to a libretto by Günther Deicke. The plot is based on motifs from the children's book Meister Hans Röckle und Mister Flammfuß by and . The work was performed at several theatres in the GDR, including Weimar, Meiningen and Leipzig. In 1981, Meister Röckle was also performed in Moscow at the local music theatre for children by Natalia Saz. In the first half of the 1980s, Werzlau worked on his third opera, Zille Heinrich, about the popular Heinrich Zille.
| 2.375
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68444352
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tet%20offensive%20attacks%20on%20Da%20Nang
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Tet offensive attacks on Da Nang
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The attacks on Da Nang (29 January – 11 February 1968), were a series of attacks in the Tet Offensive launched by the North Vietnamese People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Viet Cong (VC) during the Vietnam War. The attacks were repulsed by combined United States Marine Corps (USMC), United States Army, Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and Republic of Korea Marine Corps (ROKMC) forces with the PAVN/VC suffering heavy losses.
Background
Da Nang was a major base area for United States and South Vietnamese military forces supporting operations throughout I Corps. Da Nang Air Base was one of the major air bases used for offensive air operations within South Vietnam and for the support of USMC and ARVN forces. Naval Support Activity Danang operated extensive logistics facilities on the Tiensha (Tiên Sa) peninsula east of the city. Marble Mountain Air Facility supported USMC helicopter operations throughout southern I Corps. III Marine Amphibious Force (III MAF) had its headquarters at Hill 327 west of the Air Base, while ARVN I Corps had its headquarters north of the Air Base.
With the departure of the 5th Marine Regiment to support operations further north in I Corps, there was only one Marine infantry regimental headquarters in the extensive Da Nang Tactical area of responsibility (TAOR). Colonel Ross R. Miner's 7th Marine Regiment with all three of its battalions had the responsibility for the northern, western and southwestern sectors. 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines was in the north, 1st Battalion, 7th Marines was in the center and 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines was in the south. With the departure of the 2nd Battalion, 5th Marines in mid-January for Phu Bai Combat Base, the 3/7 Marines extended its area of operations to include An Hoa Combat Base to the south. Miner attached two additional companies to the 3/7 Marines, Company L, 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines and Company H, 2/7 Marines to cover its extended area.
| 2.109375
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68444352
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tet%20offensive%20attacks%20on%20Da%20Nang
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Tet offensive attacks on Da Nang
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A conglomeration of Marine support units, ARVN, ROKMC and two Marine infantry battalions attempted to secure the remaining area. In the Da Nang Vital Area, the artillery regiment, the 11th Marine Regiment, continued to oversee the Northern Sector Defense Command and the 1st Tank Battalion, the Southern Sector Defense Command. In both these sectors support troops doubled as infantry, manning fixed defensive positions and conducting patrols. Major General Donn J. Robertson, the 1st Marine Division commanding general, kept under his direct control the 3/5 Marines and the 2nd Battalion, 3rd Marines. Located between the Cầu Đỏ and Thanh Quýt Rivers and on either side of Highway 1, the two battalions provided the last line of defense before the so-called "Vital Area." The most eastern of the battalions, the 2nd, shared its area with the 3rd Amphibian Tractor Battalion, which was responsible for the coastal sand flats south of Marble Mountain. Below the Marine battalions, the ROKMC 2nd Marine Brigade secured the Hội An sector and the southeastern approaches above the Ky Lam River to Da Nang Air Base. Behind the Marine and Korean lines, the ARVN 51st Regiment deployed in support of the South Vietnamese Revolutionary Development program. With both fixed-wing and helicopter gunships and more than 120 artillery pieces ranging from 4.2-inch mortars to 175 mm guns, Robertson was confident that he could counter any threat that the enemy posed to Da Nang despite the thinness of his manned defenses.
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68444639
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indospicine
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Indospicine
|
Indospicine is an amino acid not found in proteins, which occurs in Indigofera species. The chemical resembles arginine.
It is toxic to mammals and causes liver damage and abortion. Dogs are particularly sensitive to the toxic effect and can sicken or die after eating a grazing animal that has eaten Indigofera.
History
For years it was known that Indigofera spicata was toxic to cows, rabbits and sheep. Both leaves and seeds are poisonous. Leaves were shown to contain β-nitropropionic acid, which affected chickens, but it was not found in the seeds. M. P. Hegarty, and A. W. Pound performed experiments to isolate the toxin by examining its effect on mouse livers. They used absorption dialysis and paper chromatography to separate chemical components from seeds, focusing on strong bases. Ninhydrin revealed where the different chemicals were on the paper used for chromatography. Bands were cut out of the paper, the substances extracted and then tested on the mice. Only one band was hepatotoxic. The substance was crystallised as a hydrochoride. The hydrochloride melted between 131 and 134°C. (α) + 18°. The ratio of elements was established and a rough molecular weight. From the degradation products, the structure was determined.
Properties
Between pH 2 and 10.5 indospicine is an ion with a single positive charge. In stronger alkaline conditions, it decomposes to ammonia and an amide. In strong acid L-α-amino-pimelic acid is formed.
With ninhydrin, indospicine gives a purple colour. With nitroprusside-alkaline ferricyanide reagent a yellow colour is produced, indicating it is not a guanidine derivative.
| 2.84375
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68444694
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20house%20mouse
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Japanese house mouse
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The Japanese house mouse or Japanese wild mouse (Mus musculus molossinus) is a type of house mouse that originated in Japan. Genetically, it is a hybrid between the southeastern Asian house mouse (M. m. castaneus) and the eastern European house mouse (M. m. musculus). It is thus not a unique subspecies, but is treated as such for its characteristic features. It is among the smallest house mice. Different strains such as MSM/Ms, JF1, Japanese waltzing mouse, C57BL/6J and MSKR exist following cross breeding with other house mice, and are used in different genetic and medical investigations.
Description
The adults can be easily distinguished from common laboratory mice from their size and body colours. They are slightly smaller, and they have characteristic two-coloured body, agouti with white bellies. The two colours are not marked by a distinct margin but fused as the colour fades. The tail is also bi-coloured, white with a black tip. Adult females measure 8.1 cm in length without tail, much larger than males, which are 7.2 cm without the tail. Their tails can be up to 13.8 cm long for males, and 16.2 cm for females.
Taxonomy
Based on classical taxonomy, the Japanese house mouse was first described by Dutch zoologist Coenraad Jacob Temminck as a unique species, Mus molossinus in 1845 from a specimen discovered in Nagasaki. The Japanese zoologist Nagamichi Kuroda adopted this classification in 1940 to describe many species of house mice including subspecies under the species. German zooligists Ernst Schwarz and Henriette K. Schwarz redescribed it as a subspecies under Mus musculus in 1943. The subspecies status was used as valid classification. In 1981, an American zoologist Joe Truesdell Marshall revised Kuroda's taxonomy and merged all subspecies under M. molossinus into the subspecies M. m. molossinus. In 1988, Japanese researchers found that the subspecies is not unique as they are the products of natural hybridisation between other mice subspecies, although they are still treated as subspecies.
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68445690
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmers%27%20suicides%20in%20the%20United%20States
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Farmers' suicides in the United States
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"There's a silent atrophy creeping across the heartland", said Joan Blundall, a mental-health counselor in rural Iowa, in 1987. "And I don't think anyone knows yet where we are headed." As of 2019, farm debt was at $416 billion, an all-time high, and median farm income was projected to be −$1,644. Over half of all farmers have lost money every year since 2013, and farm loan delinquencies are increasing.
According to the National Rural Health Association (NRHA), farmers' suicide rate is three and a half times greater than that observed in the broader population. From 2000 to 2018, there was a 34% increase in the suicide rate in urban areas compared to 48% in rural areas. In March 2023, the association, which has a membership of 21,000 including rural hospitals and clinics, submitted a letter to House and Senate agricultural committees calling on them to respond to what the NRHA's chief executive officer called "a deep-seated and longstanding problem." The association requested a tailored national crisis line to respond to farmers, along with funding increase for the stress assistance network.
Causes of farmers' suicides
Several causes of the farmers' suicides have been pinpointed:
Farmers experienced a loss of pride in being able to either keep their farm, or run it to its full potential. Some farmers expect to reach certain milestones, such as passing the farm on to the next generation or expanding their facility.
Prices for commodities such as corn, soybeans, milk and meat had shrunk by around half between 2012 and 2020.
| 2.21875
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68445690
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmers%27%20suicides%20in%20the%20United%20States
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Farmers' suicides in the United States
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Vermont
In 1964, Romaine Tenney died by suicide after the land his farm sat on was acquired by eminent domain to build an interstate. He was born on the family farm and had only left the property for military service.
Gender
In a six-year study undertaken in Oklahoma, of the 160 farmer deaths by suicide, only three were females. This ratio is reflected nationwide.
Assistance
Crisis hotlines, such as Iowa Rural Concern, began to appear nationwide during the 1980s.
In 1985, Kaye Hagedorn got her husband, Dean, in touch with a counselor, who told the farmer something shocking: he wasn't alone; countless other farmers were in trouble too. "And I learned", he said, "that I may have made some mistakes, but I wasn't a failure."
Calls to a hotline operated by Farm Aid nearly doubled, resulting in a drop in suicide rates. "Every state that had a telephone hotline reduced the number of farming-related suicides", says Mike Rosmann, an Iowan farmer-turned-psychologist. Rosmann received an average of seven calls per week in the spring of 2019 from distressed farmers. Conversely, mental-health care is often regarded as a "luxury" or an "unnecessary expense."
An organization called Sowing Seeds of Hope (SSOH), formed in Wisconsin, connected uninsured and underinsured farmers in seven Midwestern states to behavioral-health services. It ran for fourteen years, fielding approximately 500,000 calls from farmers, as well as training over 10,000 behavioral-health professionals in rural communities and providing subsidized behavioral-health resources to over 100,000 families in the farming industry. It became the blueprint for a nationwide program called the Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network (FRSAN). Although the program was approved as part of the 2008 United States farm bill, it was not funded.
| 2.34375
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68445770
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%20Guinea%20Marburg%20virus%20disease%20outbreak
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2021 Guinea Marburg virus disease outbreak
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The outbreak of Marburg virus disease in Gueckedou district, Guinea started in July 2021, and ended in September. A single individual got sick and died of the virus, with no other known cases.
Background
Marburg virus disease is a highly virulent, epidemic-prone disease, associated with a high case-fatality ratio of 24-90%. In the early phase of the disease, it is hard to distinguish the disease from other diseases. There are no specific treatments or vaccine against the Marburg virus, though supportive care increases the likelihood of survival. 14 outbreaks of the disease have been reported since 1967, when it was first detected, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa.
The disease's usual reservoir species is Egyptian Rousette bats. Among humans, it is transmitted via direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected individual.
Outbreak
The index case, a 46-year-old farmer from Temessadou M'Boké village in Guéckédou prefecture, got his first symptoms on July 25. The patient died on August 2. On August 3, a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test was conducted, returning a positive result for the Marburg virus on August 5. The WHO was informed of the first case the next day. On August 9, the Institut Pasteur Dakar in Senegal provided reconfirmation that the result was positive for the Marburg virus. Sequencing of an isolate from the Guinean patient showed that this outbreak was caused by the Angola-like Marburg virus.
Guinea health authorities conducted contact tracing and monitored 170 known high-risk contacts of the index case. No new cases were detected for twice the length of the incubation period of the virus, in this case 42 day, so the outbreak was declared over around six weeks after it started.
WHO's Africa director Matshidiso Moeti, among others, praised Guinea's rapid and effective response to the outbreak.
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68445846
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagit%20Eldar-Finkelman
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Hagit Eldar-Finkelman
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Hagit Eldar-Finkelman () is an Israeli scientist and a principal investigator of an active research laboratory at the Sackler School of Medicine at Tel Aviv University. Eldar-Finkelman’s research is focused on the signal transduction field and drug development targeting protein kinases. She is well known for her pioneering work on the functions of GSK-3 and its contribution to diabetes and other pathogenies, including depressive behavior, Alzheimer’s diseases, and Huntington’s diseases. Novel findings also include the unique evolution of GSK-3 isozymes. Eldar-Finkelman is a leading figure in developing novel substrate competitive inhibitors (SCIs) for GSK-3 with significant benefits as drug candidates.
Biography
Born in Jerusalem, Eldar-Finkelman obtained her BSc in Chemistry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and her MSc in Physical Chemistry and Ph.D. in Cellular Signaling at the Weizmann Institute of Science (1993). She did Post-doctorate at the University of Washington, working with Nobel Prize Laureate Edwin G. Krebs. She was then an Assistant Professor at Harvard Medical School for two years before joining Tel Aviv University in 2000. She received several awards, including the British Council Award, American Heart Association award, Joslin Diabetes Center Fellowship, Israeli Diabetes Association Award for distinguished Scientist, and the Lindner Prize of the Israel Endocrine Society. She is a Full Professor since 2012.
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68445846
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagit%20Eldar-Finkelman
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Hagit Eldar-Finkelman
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Scientific interests and publications
The research in Eldar-Finkelman’s laboratory studies the molecular mechanisms underlying human disease, focusing on cellular signaling networks. A particular emphasis is given to discovering and developing new chemical tools for regulating protein kinases- key elements in signal transduction networks. Eldar-Finkelman is well known for her pioneering work on the protein kinase function, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), revealing its contribution to pathological disorders. Her pioneering work showed that GSK-3 is a negative feedback regulator of the insulin signaling pathway and showed its contribution to type 2 diabetes. She further presented novels mechanisms linking GSK-3 with neurodegeneration and cancer via autophagy/lysosome regulation. Eldar-Finkelman develops a unique (SCI strategy) strategy in generating highly selective GSK-3 inhibitors that function as competitive substrate inhibitors (SCIs). Accordingly, a novel class of cell-permeable peptide inhibitors was developed and provided proof of concept in treating in vivo models of diabetes depressive behavior, Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s diseases. A new modality of SCI called substrate converted into an inhibitor was discovered in her laboratory. The work was selected as a breakthrough of the year in drug discovery by Science Signaling. A recent new development is the design of novel small molecules based on the SCI strategy. Eldar-Finkelman published over 75 peer-reviewed articles (as Hagit Eldar 1986-1995).
| 1.945313
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68445852
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio%20Lo%20Sardo
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Eugenio Lo Sardo
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Eugenio Lo Sardo (born 1954) is a professor, scholar, archivist and curator. Director of the Rome State Archives (2009–2014), and subsequently of the Italian National Archives (2014–2018), he has curated a number of major exhibitions. His prime area of interest is the history of European civilization at its origins and at its borders (his current research on Alexander the Great and the East involves both).
Exhibitions
The origins of European civilisation is a major theme in his work: Lo Sardo curated and edited the catalogues for: Eureka: il genio degli Antichi (National Archaeological Museum of Naples, 2006) and Apoteosi - da uomini a dei (Apotheosis: From Mortal to Immortal, Museum of Castel Sant'Angelo 2013). He is now preparing a third with the provisional title Alexander the Great and the Orient: Conquest and Wonder.
His study of borders is a second major theme: he has worked on the Jesuit missionaries to China, and the discovery of the geographical and philosophical studies of Michele Ruggieri, S.J., responsible for the translation of the First book of Confucius. Ruggieri's Atlante can be found in all the major libraries of the world and was republished in Macao. At the Museum of Macao Lo Sardo curated the exhibition Journey to the End of the World (2014, with its catalogue in Chinese, Portuguese and English). In India, he supervised the re-publication of the Itinerary of Ludovico de Varthema and curated four exhibitions in Goa, Delhi, Kolkata, and Mumbai.
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68445977
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M5%20highway%20%28Moldova%29
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M5 highway (Moldova)
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The M5 highway (), during Soviet period referred to as the M14, is the longest road in Moldova, with a length of running from the north to the south-east. Having national road status, it is also one of the most important routes as it provides access to the three largest cities of Moldova within its internationally recognized borders: Bălți, Chișinău and Tiraspol. It forms part of the European routes E58, E581 and E583 of the International E-road network.
Route description
It starts at the north-western border with Ukraine (Chernivtsi Oblast) in Criva, as a continuation of the Ukrainian H10 coming from Chernivtsi. The road heads east around 30 km to the town of Briceni from the border crossing. The town is served by the M5 through the local roads L20 and L41.
The road begins to head south afterwards to the city of Edineț, which the M5 bypasses in the west. The road from Edineț is part of the European route E583. Continuing to head south, near Rîșcani the M5 has a cloverleaf interchange with the republican road R7, providing access to the town, as well as to Drochia via the republican road R12 and, before reaching Bălți, it connects to Bălți International Airport. It then reaches Bălți, the second-largest city of Moldova and the location of the southern terminus of the interference with the E583, which it bypasses in the west as part of the Bălți ring road. From Bălți, the M5 heads south-east to the capital and largest city of Moldova, Chișinău.
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68446192
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinibaldo%20Doria
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Sinibaldo Doria
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In 1711 he was appointed Preaceptor (tutor) of Ospedale di Santo Spirito in Sassia, the main hospital of Rome. He was also appointed Titular archbishop of Patras on 18 December 1711. He was consecrated bishop the following 3 January 1712 by the Cardinal Secretary of State Fabrizio Paolucci in the Roman church of Santo Spirito in Sassia. As head of the Ospedale di Santo Spirito in Sassia he offered four rooms of his apartment to host the Biblioteca Lancisiana, a new founded library focused on medical studies.
In October 1721, he became Master of the Chamber of Pope Innocent XIII, while he was not member of the court of the following Pope, Benedict XIII. On the contrary, Pope Clement XII had a high estimation of him and entrusted him with the difficult task of being the new Bishop of Benevento.
At Benevento, the local Cardinal Niccolò Coscia, who had been a protégé of Benedict XIII and an embezzler, had become bishop. Clement XII appointed Doria in place of Coscia to return the diocese to the normality, but most of the local population supported Coscia who had given them advantages. The local population rose up in revolt and the situation required intervention of the army.
The appointment as Bishop of Benevento occurred on 21 May 1731, and the following 24 September Sinibaldo Doria was appointed Cardinal Priest of San Girolamo dei Croati.
He died in Benevento on 2 December 1733 and was buried in that Cathedral.
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68446341
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aditya%20Dubey
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Aditya Dubey
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Aditya Dubey is an Indian environmental activist. He is a recipient of the Diana Award in 2021. In August 2020, Dubey filed a petition with the Supreme Court of India, requesting the apex court to help farmers with free stubble-removing machines that could result in reduction in stubble burning which is considered a major cause of air pollution in Delhi. He also reached out to the Chief Ministers of Delhi, Punjab and Haryana, seeking end to fines or police actions for stubble burning.
The plea was addressed by the Supreme Court and a three judge bench formed a committee led by judge Madan B Lokur to monitor the situation. An ordinance ‘Commission For Management Of Air Quality in Delhi & Adjoining Areas, 2020 was eventually promulgated to handle the air pollution problem in Delhi and nearby areas. Dubey was also part of the 'No Car Sunday' initiative in Delhi that promoted giving up use of personal vehicles for a day.
Early life and work
Aditya was born to Anurag Dubey and Anu Dubey in New Delhi in 2003. His grandfather Dr. Justice J.N. Dubey was a judge and grandmother the late Saroj Dubey was an Indian politician. Aditya passed his senior secondary exams in 2021 from the Modern School Barakahamba Road, New Delhi. Having suffered poor health and problems with lungs because of the air pollution in Delhi, NCR motivated Dubey to work for the environment. He started the Plant a Million trees initiative in 2016. In 2019, Dubey had filed a complaint against the Amazon, Flipkart. The complaint was filed with National Green tribunals and concerned about the excessive use of plastic and card boxes for product deliveries. He later worked against the single-use plastic in collaboration with the Central Pollution Control Board.
During the Covid Pandemic he launched the Covid Hunger Helpline with his friends which provided food and rations to the underprivileged classes who were suffering due to the lockdown.
| 2.359375
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68447333
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucia%20Nifontova
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Lucia Nifontova
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Lucia Nifontova-Saurama (born ; 30 August 19136 April 1987), better known as Lucia Nifontova, was a Finnish ballet dancer and Finland’s first prima ballerina assoluta. In the 1930s and 40s she and her partner were the leading dancers in Finland and among the foremost artists in Finnish ballet of all time periods. Her performances of Odette and Odile in Swan Lake were especially noted for their artistic accomplishment and emotional interpretation.
Biography
Early life and education
Nifontova was born in Helsinki, then part of the Russian Empire, to Andrei Ivanovich Nifontov (; 18761962), a Russian imperial civil servant, and Alexandra Nifontova (; 18791945) of Tuusula. She was called Lucia both at home and in public.
She spent six years at a Russian-language elementary school in Helsinki, after which she entered the Hilma Liiman Dance School and then continued her studies at the Helsinki Dance Institute. There she studied under ballerinas from the Mariinsky Theatre Elisabeth Apostoli and Mary Paischeff. Her first public performance was at age 12 in Hollandsflickan ("The Little Dutch Girl") at Helsinki’s Swedish Theatre.
Finnish National Ballet
Dancer and choreographer noticed Nifontova’s talent and brought her to the Finnish National Ballet, over which he was the ballet master. There she studied under Gé and other Russian immigrants such as Lyubov Yegorova, Mathilde Kschessinska, Nikolai Legat and Olga Preobrajenska. In 1928 she danced the lead role of Clara in the first performance of The Nutcracker outside Russia. Dancing the role of the Nutcracker Prince was Martikainen, who was to be paired with Nifontova in numerous productions up through the year of his death in 1946. Over the next seven years she danced lead roles in The Sleeping Beauty, Petrushka, Le Spectre de la rose, Swan Lake, Coppélia, Le Bal and Die Puppenfee. She also appeared in a few Finnish films, usually in dancing scenes.
Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo
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68447529
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Sacrifice%20%28Oates%20novel%29
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The Sacrifice (Oates novel)
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Setting
The novel is set in the fictional town of Pascayne (based on Passaic) in northern New Jersey in the 1980s. After World War II, New Jersey cities were hit hard by deindustrialization, while at the same time the Black population of cities like Newark, a major city close to the novel's fictional setting, increased significantly. In July 1967, Newark saw five days of rioting after the beating of a Black cab driver by white police officers; over the course of the "most devastating riots in the history of New Jersey" twenty-six people were killed and millions of dollars of property was destroyed. The riots – referenced in the novel – left a legacy of distrust between the city's Black population and the mostly-white police force. The riots also hastened white flight from the city, and in their aftermath rising crime and urban blight contributed to Newark's status as "a symbol of America's decaying cities".
Themes
According to Roxane Gay, the novel's title refers to the fact that "nearly all of the characters sacrifice something – faith, hope, dignity, truth, justice." More literally, Alan Cheuse points out that the detective Ines Iglesias wonders if she is going to be made a "'sacrifice' to public opinion", and at one point Marus tells Sybilla that she is "a race victim, a martyr, and a sacrifice". A central theme of the novel is how individual people and events are transformed into symbols and "are made to surrender their unique complexities as human beings", sometimes resulting in the obfuscation of facts in service of a larger purpose. According to Kirkus Reviews, the novel raises the question of whether the truth or falsity of Sybilla's story makes "racism... any less true". In an academic review, Eric K. Anderson links The Sacrifice to Oates's earlier novel Them and its "understanding of how specific incidents of racial conflict cannot be viewed only in isolation". Anderson also notes that the battle of wills between the Mudrick twins recalls similar dynamics between twins in previous novels by Oates.
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68448001
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine%20Avinin
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Antoine Avinin
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Antoine Louis Avinin (26 January 1902 – 29 October 1962) [aliases Albert Arnaud, Albert Anceau, Albert Audin, Talbert] was a French businessman, resistance fighter and politician.
Biography
He was born in Lyon. His parents owned a food trading business in Cantal. He went to boarding school with the Marist fathers of Notre-Dame de Bellegarde college in Neuville-sur-Saône. He completed first part of his baccalaureat before entering employment as a bank clerk and a chemist's assistant. He began national military service with the 7e bataillon de chasseurs alpins in Bourg-Saint-Maurice. He trained as an officer at the Saint-Maixent officer cadet course, leaving as a second lieutenant in 1922, after which his mother bought him a small factory in Villeurbanne, Lyon, where he began a clothing factory with a business partner.
He became an activist in the Ligue de la jeune République, a Christian democratic movement concerned with social action which succeeded Marc Sangnier's Le Sillon. He remained a reserve officer and as such was mobilized at the outbreak of World War II, commanding a company as a lieutenant in the 6e bataillon de chasseurs alpins at Heyrieux, Isère.
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74312938
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmorsdorf%20lime%20tree
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Schmorsdorf lime tree
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The Schmorsdorf lime tree (German: Schmorsdorfer Linde) is a natural monument located in the center of Schmorsdorf, Müglitztal, in the Saxony district of Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, Germany. This large-leaved linden (Tilia platyphyllos) is estimated to be 400 to 800 years old. The circumference of its trunk is about 11 meters, and it stands at a height of around 24 meters. The tree gained historical significance during the Thirty Years' War and was first mentioned in writing around 1630 due to its impressive size. Notably, the renowned pianist and composer Clara Schumann visited the Linden Tree multiple times between 1836 and 1849. In her honor, the Linden Museum, which opened next to the tree in 2006, was named after her and remains the only museum of its kind in Germany. The Schmorsdorf lime tree has been recognized by the Deutsche Baumarchiv (German Tree Archive) as a "National Bedeutsamen Bäumen (NBB)" (Nationally Significant Tree), with its trunk circumference serving as the primary selection criterion for this distinction.
Location
The lime tree stands at the center of the small village of Schmorsdorf near Maxen, which was originally designed as a loosely arranged circular settlement. It is situated on a hill in the Osterzgebirge foothills, five kilometers south of Dresden's city boundaries, and rises 305 meters above sea level on a piece of grass with a slight southward slope. Adjacent to the tree, on two sides, there are benches for visitors to rest. Three sides of the Linden tree are surrounded by paths, while the fourth side is occupied by the Lindenmuseum Clara Schumann. Next to the museum are three old distance columns, known as lapidaries, and a bust of Clara Schumann created by Lungkwitz sculptor Hans Kazzer in 2008. Overhead power lines and sealed surfaces, as well as driving on the root zone, affect the location of the Linden tree.
History
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74312938
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmorsdorf%20lime%20tree
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Schmorsdorf lime tree
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On 31 July 1939 the lime tree was officially designated as a natural monument under the Reich Nature Conservation Act (RNG) by the Dresden-Bautzen district government. Toward the end of World War II, Soviet troops passed by the lime tree. During a severe thunderstorm on 24 July 1957, a horizontally overhanging branch, called a bathtub and pointing south, broke off. This branch had a hollowed-out area where rainwater collected, creating a bathing spot for children. The lime tree was designated as a natural monument two more times, on 11 October 1979, by the Pirna District Council (RdK) under the number 75-12/79, and on 12 May 1988, under the number 1129-115/88. In 1991, experts performed crown protection by using wire ropes and caring for the bark. A gravel pad was placed over the root zone to provide better support for the Linden tree and a drainage system was installed. The restoration cost amounted to 8000 Marks. In 1993, representatives from the forestry office and the Schutzgemeinschaft Deutscher Wald (Protective Association of the German Forest) inspected the lime tree. They determined a crown diameter of 21 meters and estimated its age to be around 600 years. Parts of the tree crown were pruned in 1997. In 2000, the steel securing of the crown from 1991, which was proved to be too rigid, was replaced by a flexible belt system, costing 2,760 marks. In 2004, the crown was shortened to prevent it from breaking due to its excessive size. The lime tree is inspected every two years for any signs of deterioration on behalf of the district office. Since 2006, the Lindenmuseum Clara Schumann has been in close proximity to the tree.
Description
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74312938
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmorsdorf%20lime%20tree
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Schmorsdorf lime tree
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The tree has been measured at varied lengths over the years, yielding different circumference measurements. The circumference around the rootstock is reported to be 15.5 meters, while at a height of 1.5 meters, it measures 10.9 meters. In 1994, forest scientist Hans Joachim Fröhlich recorded a circumference of 10.70 meters at a height of 1.3 meters. Dutch forester Jeroen Pater measured a circumference of 10.50 meters in his book Europas Alte Bäume (Europe's Old Trees) published in 1999. A brochure from the Radebeul State Environmental Agency in 2004 titled Baum-Naturdenkmale in der Region oberes Elbtal/Osterzgebirge (Tree Natural Monuments in the Upper Elbe Valley/Eastern Ore Mountains Region), reported a trunk circumference of 11.15 meters. Michel Brunner gave a circumference of 11.30 meters in 2007 in his work Bedeutende Linden (Important Linden trees). In 2001, the Deutsche Baumarchiv (German Tree Archive) determined a circumference of 10.46 at the point of the smallest diameter (waist), and in 2010, at a height of 1 meter, a circumference of 11.58 meters. With these circumferential dimensions, the Linden tree is not only one of the most circumferential Linden trees in Germany but also in Europe.
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74312955
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor%20Pikayzen
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Victor Pikayzen
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Victor Alexandrovich Pikayzen (; 15 February 1933 – 6 July 2023) was a Soviet Russian violinist and teacher. Laureate of International Competitions, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1979), People's Artist of the RSFSR (1989), professor at the Moscow Conservatory.
Biography
He began studying violin at the age of five. First under his father Alexander Pikaizen, Concertmaster of Kiev Opera.
He studied at the Music School at the Kiev Conservatory with I. A. Gutman, in 1941-1944 - in the evacuation in Alma-Ata, then - at the Moscow Secondary Special Music School. Gnesins in the class of David Oistrakh. In April 1941, at a concert in Kiev, he first heard Oistrakh play and literally “fell in love” with the musician (then Oistrakh performed Aram Khachaturian’s newly written Violin Concerto). The violinist's playing made a huge impression. “I could not imagine,” Pikaizen later recalled, “that the violin, because of which I suffer so much, can be played like that... and I decided then that I would study only with Oistrakh.
Since 1951, Pikaizen continued his studies at the Moscow Conservatory in the class of Oistrakh; in 1960, he completed his postgraduate studies. He is the only student of Oistrakh who has been trained from school to the end of graduate school. While still a student at the conservatory, Pikaizen took part in two international competitions: in 1955, he received the 5th prize at the Queen Elisabeth Competition in Brussels, and in 1957, the 2nd prize at the Long Thibaud Competition in Paris. In one of the French newspapers, the well-known music critic Hélène Jourdan-Morhange then wrote: “Pikaisen... caused great admiration; his technical possibilities are endless and he is very poetic…” (“Les Lettres Francaises”, July 11, 1957).
In 1965, he won 1st Prize at Paganini Competition in Genoa, 2nd and 3rd Prize were awarded to two of his compatriots, Philippe Hirschhorn and Andrei Korsakov.
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74313471
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bona%20Malwal
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Bona Malwal
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Early life and education
Bona Malwal Madut Ring was born in 1928 in Twic Mayardit County, Bahr El Ghazal, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (today in South Sudan). He is from the Dinka ethnic group and is the son of a Gogrial Dinka chief. Malwal completed a diploma in journalism from Indiana University in 1963 on a scholarship, followed by a bachelor's degree in economics and a Master of Arts in journalism and communications, both from Columbia University in 1969.
Journalistic career
In his early years, he became an Information Officer in Wau between 1951 and 1961, but then Malwal pursued a career in journalism, joining the government newspaper Sudan Daily's editorial board in 1961.
Malwal became the editor-in-chief of the Southern Front's mouthpiece, The Vigilant, an English-language newspaper in Sudan. The journal was founded on 23 March 1965. Publication of The Vigilant was interrupted between July 1965 and January 1966, following the publishing of articles about the massacres in Juba and Wau. The Vigilant was closed in May 1969 following Gaafar Nimeiry's 1969 Sudanese coup d'état. In March 1974, he became an editorial board member of Al Sahafa newspaper. He later founded and became the editor-in-chief for Sudanow Magazine (1976–1978), The Sudan Times (1986–1989), and Sudan Democratic Gazette (1989–2001).
Malwal also worked as a senior research fellow at Columbia University (1978–1979), and senior research fellow and visiting academic at St. Antony's College, University of Oxford as part of the Sudanese Programme. The Sudanese Programme was co-founded in 2002 by Malwal and Ahmed Al-Shahi within the Middle East Centre and the African Studies Centre at St Antony's College.
Among many books, Malwal authored "Sudan and South Sudan: From One to Two," published in 2015, which is regarded as his political memoir and provides insights into the history and challenges of the two nations. The book reflects his strong advocacy for self-determination and secession for South Sudan.
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74313807
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20Hasidic%20education%20controversy
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New York Hasidic education controversy
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No structured oversight model was provided, and the guidance instructed dealing with incompliance as follows; if a serious concern arose that a school's instruction was not "substantially equivalent", the local superintendent had to liaise with the school, and if necessary, visit the school to verify the concern, and work with the school on improving the standard of instruction. If the superintendent determined that the school had not designed a satisfactory plan or it continued to fall under, they were to notify the local education department. Once they approved a resolution that the school was incompliant, the department would notify the school and its students that the children would be considered truant if they continued to attend that school, and if parents continued to send their children to such a school, the parents were to be notified that truancy petitions would be filed in family court. A school official or parent could appeal the school's equivalency determination within thirty days of the local department's decision.
Timeline of allegations and investigations
As far back as 2003, most government officials in New York City close to the matter reportedly knew of the lack or inadequacy of secular education in Hasidic boys' schools, also called yeshivas, but did not wish to advocate for change or even acknowledge the situation publicly. News media similarly remained quiet, worrying that they would be accused of antisemitism for reporting on it, and insiders were generally unwilling to tell their story publicly. In 2012, that changed when Naftuli Moster, an alumnus of the Hasidic educational system, founded the advocacy group Young Advocates for Fair Education (Yaffed) and begun a campaign to force New York City and State into investigating and regulating the schools.
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74313930
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20intelligence%20content%20detection
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Artificial intelligence content detection
|
To improve the reliability of AI text detection, researchers have explored digital watermarking techniques. A 2023 paper titled "A Watermark for Large Language Models" presents a method to embed imperceptible watermarks into text generated by large language models (LLMs). This watermarking approach allows content to be flagged as AI-generated with a high level of accuracy, even when text is slightly paraphrased or modified. The technique is designed to be subtle and hard to detect for casual readers, thereby preserving readability, while providing a detectable signal for those employing specialized tools. However, while promising, watermarking faces challenges in remaining robust under adversarial transformations and ensuring compatibility across different LLMs.
Anti text detection
There is software available designed to bypass AI text detection.
A study published in August 2023 analyzed 20 abstracts from papers published in the Eye Journal, which were then paraphrased using GPT-4.0. The AI-paraphrased abstracts were examined for plagiarism using QueText and for AI-generated content using Originality.AI. The texts were then re-processed through an adversarial software called Undetectable.ai in order to reduce the AI-detection scores. The study found that the AI detection tool, Originality.AI, identified text generated by GPT-4 with a mean accuracy of 91.3%. However, after reprocessing by Undetectable.ai, the detection accuracy of Originality.ai dropped to a mean accuracy of 27.8%.
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74314818
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20R.%20Drexel
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John R. Drexel
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John Rozet Drexel (March 3, 1863 – May 18, 1935) was an American banker and socialite.
Early life
Drexel was born on March 3, 1863, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was the eldest surviving son, of nine children, born to Anthony Joseph Drexel (1826–1893) and Ellen ( Rozet) Drexel (1832–1891). Among his siblings were: Emilie Taylor Drexel, Frances Katherine Drexel, Mae E. Drexel, Sarah Rozet "Sallie" Drexel (the wife of Alexander Van Rensselaer), Anthony Joseph Drexel Jr., and George William Childs Drexel.
In 1871, his father founded Drexel, Morgan & Co with John Pierpont Morgan as his junior partner. His father also founded Drexel University in 1891. His maternal grandparents were Mary Ann ( Laning) Roset and John Roset, a Philadelphia merchant of French birth. His paternal grandparents were Austrian-born American banker Francis Martin Drexel and Katherine ( Hookey) Drexel.
Career
After an education by tutors and in private schools, Drexel began working for his father's firm, Drexel & Co. in Philadelphia, and was made a partner. After a short time, he retired from the business and instead managed his inheritance.
Residences
In 1901, the Drexels relocated to New York City and, in 1903, built a large limestone residence at 1 East 62nd Street and Fifth Avenue in New York City, designed by Philadelphia architect Horace Trumbauer. In 1929, the Drexels sold their New York mansion was sold to 65-year old James Blanchard Clews, senior partner of the brokerage house Henry Clews & Co.
In Newport, Rhode Island, they built a modest cottage known as Cliff Lawn, which was later given to son John, after which they acquired and extensively remodeled, likely by Trumbauer, into a massive Tudor revival mansion called Fairholme at Ochre Point, down the street from Cliff Lawn. Fairholme had been designed in the Stick style by Frank Furness and built between 1874 and 1875 for Philadelphia arts patron and engineer Fairman Rogers. Fairholme was sold to Robert R. Young in 1942.
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74315112
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falcon%20Education%20Academies%20Trust
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Falcon Education Academies Trust
|
Falcon Education Academies Trust is a multi-academy trust (MAT) that operates four schools in England.
The trust was established in 2019 by the Department for Education. It was conceived as a specialist trust to turn around schools in the North of England with the most challenging educational under performance or financial problems, before transferring them to a permanent sponsor. The schools it takes on are typically ones which other MATs were unwilling to, due to "significant sustainability and infrastructure issues that present too great a risk to a MAT's own sustainability". Its remit was extended to cover all of England in 2021.
In 2023, the Department for Education notified the trust that it did not wish to continue the pilot, known as EdMAT, that encompassed Falcon. It intended to work with the trust to place its schools with other MATs before closing it.
Schools
King Solomon International Business School, Birmingham
Oulton Academy, Leeds
The William Allitt Academy, Swadlincote
Thornaby Academy, Stockton-on-Tees
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74315363
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drought%20in%20Nigeria
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Drought in Nigeria
|
Effects
Drought has led to an increase in global climate change and the demand for sustainable development.
Drought has also led to deadly land grabs. In the past few years there have been a growing number of skirmishes between farmers and cattle herders searching for pasture and water.
The significant impact of drought in Northern Nigeria has been evident over the past years, affecting crops and farmers' produce in the region. Drought is characterized by prolonged absence or insufficient distribution of precipitation, resulting in a long-term deficiency of rainfall in a specific area. This situation leads to water stress and widespread crop failure when the rain fails to meet the evapo-transpiration demands of the crops.
Experts have labeled the 2022 floods in Nigeria as the most severe since 2012. These floods have devastated crops on more than 500,000 hectares of farmlands, affecting numerous smallholder and commercial farmers throughout the country.
Climate change affects Nigeria's hydro power generation, as it leads to unpredictable rainfall and drought patterns, impacting water levels in dams like Kainji Dam. During drought, the hydro power output decreases, affecting national power distribution and disrupting industrial activities that rely on a stable power supply. Conversely, excessive rainfall due to climate change can result in severe flooding in neighboring communities.
States affected by droughts in Nigeria
The following states including Sokoto, Katsina, Zamfara, Kebbi, Jigawa and Kano in the north-west and Borno, Yobe, Gombe, Bauchi and Adamawa States in the north-eastern part of the country are mainly affected by droughts.
Climate
The Harmattan season which occurs between the end of November and the middle of March brings about drought in Nigeria. It sometimes creates big clouds of dust which can result in dust storms or sandstorms. The wind can increase fire risk and cause severe crop damage.
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74315461
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20Union%20of%20Algerian%20Muslim%20Students
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General Union of Algerian Muslim Students
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The General Union of Algerian Students, abbreviated as UGEA (in Arabic: الإتحاد العام للطلبة الجزائرين), formerly known as the General Union of Algerian Muslim Students with the acronym UGEMA (in Arabic: الإتحاد العام للطلبة المسلمين الجزائرين), is a student organization founded in Paris, France, on July 8, 1955, during the Algerian War.
History
Background of its establishment
The first "native" student association to emerge was the Amicale des étudiants musulmans de l'Afrique du Nord (AEMAN), created in 1919. Although it was founded on religious grounds, it merged with the Association générale des étudiants d'Alger (AGEA) in 1925. AEMAN was led by Ferhat Abbas from 1927 to 1931, during which it maintained its specificity while adopting a new name: the Association des étudiants musulmans de l'Afrique du Nord, still abbreviated as AEMAN.
At the same time, Algerian students in Paris distanced themselves from an association created in Paris in 1927, the Association des étudiants musulmans nord-africains en France (AEMNAF), and instead created the Association des étudiants musulmans algériens (AEMA) in 1930.
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74315864
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel%20Flores%20%28Salvadoran%20politician%29
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Manuel Flores (Salvadoran politician)
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Flores prefers having diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China over the Republic of China (Taiwan). In 2004, Flores established the Salvadoran Association of Friendship with the People of China (ASACHI). Flores has funded organizations in Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Nicaragua which support relations with China, including the Central American Federation of Friendship with China. Flores has previously served as El Salvador's ambassador to Taiwan. In 2018, Flores helped the Salvadoran government officially recognize the People's Republic of China as the legitimate government of China, severing its relations with Taiwan. Regarding China, Flores stated that "China is not an invader, it is not a colonizer". In 2021, Flores celebrated China's donation of 150,000 COVID-19 vaccines to El Salvador. In addition to China, Flores also supports strengthened relations with the State of Palestine and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.
Flores' nickname is "El Chino", Spanish for "The Chinese One".
Electoral history
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74315919
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasile%20Bogrea
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Vasile Bogrea
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Vasile Bogrea (October 8, 1881–September 8, 1926) was a Romanian philologist and linguist.
Biography
Born in Târnauca, Dorohoi County, he attended school at Pomârla from 1888 to 1902. He then studied at the letters and philosophy faculty of Iași University, graduating in 1906. He earned a doctorate in classical philology from Berlin University in 1913. He taught Latin and Greek at the Boarding High School in Iași. In 1920 he became a professor at the letters and philosophy faculty of Cluj University. That June, Bogrea was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy. His contributions appeared in Analele Dobrogei, Anuarul Arhivei de Folclor, Anuarul Institutului de Filologie Clasică, Anuarul Institutului de Istorie Națională, Cultura Poporului, Dacoromania, Grai și suflet, Propilee literare, Ramuri and Transilvania. Together with Sextil Pușcariu, he helped establish the Museum of the Romanian Language (1919) and the Cluj Ethnographic Society (1923). He made important contributions to fields such as language history, lexicology, etymology, toponymy and anthroponymy. He authored some 300 works and studies. His journalistic activity was prolific, encompassing news, articles, essays, reviews, political pamphlets and feuilletons. He wrote epigrams, verses, maxims and reflections. He died in Vienna.
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74316157
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Bridport
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Battle of Bridport
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Having secured his flanks in the side streets, Lord Grey ordered his Troop of Horse against the militia positions at the East Bridge, but after a swift volley from Strangeways and Erle the rebel cavalry retreated through the village, causing the rebel infantry to begin to retreat. Lt-Col. Venner retreated with his cavalry and infantry, but Col. Wade remained defiant and conducted an organized rebel withdrawal from the town, keeping constant fire on the Dorset Militia. Wade led his forces back to Lyme Regis where they soon encountered the rest of Lord Grey's original force, along with Monmouth and the rest of the rebel cavalry.
Aftermath
The Dorset Militia suffered two officers killed and number of men wounded in the fight, while the rebels suffered seven killed, some wounded, and twenty-three men captured.
The stiff resistance of the Dorset Militia at Bridport, combined with reports that the Somerset and Devon Militias were advancing towards Axminster forced Monmouth to hastily march west before the road to Taunton was blocked. Monmouth quickly reached Axminster and skirmished with the Somerset Militia, easily defeating them and proceeding northwards into Somerset.
On 17 June Lord Churchill reached Bridport with a regiment of Royal Horse and with the Dorset Militia proceeded to shadow Monmouth's advance into Somerset. The rebels and Royalists would clash at Keynsham and Norton St Philip, before the final battle at Sedgemoor ended the rebellion in July.
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74316185
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoctist%20Blajevici
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Teoctist Blajevici
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Teoctist Blajevici (born Teodor Blajevici; February 23, 1807 – June 27, 1879) was an ethnic Romanian Orthodox cleric from the Duchy of Bukovina in Austria-Hungary.
Born in Tișăuți village, he attended gymnasium in nearby Suceava, followed by high school and professional training at the theological institute in Cernăuți until 1831. Ordained a priest in 1832, he served in the parishes of Storojineț and Prisăcăreni until 1837. He then became a monk, taking the name Teoctist. He became a spiritual adviser at the theological institute's seminary in 1857. He offered catechism for young seminarians, was part of the diocesan administration, taught as a substitute at the gymnasium and normal school in Cernăuți, was abbot of Dragomirna Monastery (1863–1874) and of Cernăuți Cathedral (1874–1877). He was elected Metropolitan of Bukovina and Dalmatia in 1877, serving until his death in Cernăuți two years later. An erudite man, he wrote poems and fables in a vivid folk language. Publishing both in books and magazines, he used the pen name Teoctist Șoimul ("the falcon"). He wrote a Romanian-language grammar and three religion textbooks, making him among the first Romanian authors of school textbooks in these subjects.
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74316782
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governorship%20of%20Ron%20DeSantis
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Governorship of Ron DeSantis
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Abortion
Following the U.S. Supreme Court decision Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, which overturned Roe v. Wade, DeSantis pledged to "expand pro-life protections". On April 14, 2022, he signed into law a bill that regulates elective abortions after 15 weeks of pregnancy; under the previous law, the limit had been 24 weeks. The law includes exceptions for abortions beyond 15 weeks if it is necessary to avert "serious risk" to the pregnant woman's physical health or if there is a "fatal fetal abnormality", but does not make exceptions for rape, human trafficking, incest, or mental health.
The law was expected to go into effect on July 1, but a state judge blocked its enforcement, ruling that the Florida Constitution guarantees a right to privacy that renders the law unconstitutional. After DeSantis appealed the ruling, the law went into effect on July 5, pending judicial review. In January 2023, the Supreme Court of Florida agreed to hear a legal challenge to the law.
In March 2023, DeSantis said in a press conference of SB300, which regulates abortions after six weeks with exceptions to 15 weeks for rape and incest: "I think those exceptions are sensible. We welcome pro-life legislation." Floridian physicians have expressed concern about the bill; most major medical societies such as AMA, ACOG, and AAP consider abortion essential and life-saving health care, but SB300 will make providing abortion punishable by up to five years in prison. DeSantis signed the bill into law on April 14, 2023.
| 1.914063
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74316782
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governorship%20of%20Ron%20DeSantis
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Governorship of Ron DeSantis
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On July 10, 2020, DeSantis announced that Florida would spend $8.6 million out of $166 million received by the state from a legal settlement between Volkswagen and the United States Department of Justice relating to emission violations to add 34 charging stations for electric cars. The stations would be along Interstates 4, 75, 95, 275 and 295. On June 16, 2021, DeSantis signed into law House Bill 839, which bans local governments in Florida from requiring gas stations to add electric car charging stations.
On June 21, 2021, DeSantis signed into law House Bill 919, which prohibits local governments from placing bans or restrictions on any source of electricity. Several sizable cities in Florida at that time (Orlando, St. Petersburg, Tallahassee, Dunedin, Largo, Satellite Beach, Gainesville, Sarasota, Safety Harbor and Miami Beach) were setting goals to get all their energy from renewable sources. The bill was described as similar to those in other states (Texas, Tennessee, Louisiana, Arizona and Oklahoma) that passed laws preventing cities from banning natural gas hookups. DeSantis also signed a bill incentivizing wildlife corridors.
Voting rights and elections
DeSantis expressed support for the Voting Rights Restoration for Felons Initiative after it passed in November 2018, saying he was "obligated to faithfully implement [it] as it is defined" when he became governor. In April 2019, DeSantis directed Florida's elections chief to expand the availability of Spanish-language ballots and Spanish assistance for voters. In a statement, DeSantis said, "It is critically important that Spanish-speaking Floridians are able to exercise their right to vote without any language barriers."
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74317264
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20C.%20Kagan
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Jonathan C. Kagan
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Studies of bacterial pathogenesis
During his Ph.D. studies with Craig Roy, a protégé of Lasker Awardee Stanley Falkow, Kagan studied how virulent bacteria multiply within macrophages. Through his studies of Legionella pneumophila, the cause of a potentially lethal pneumonia, he discovered that Legionella uses a Type IV secretion system to intercept vesicular traffic from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites. He identified the GTPases ARF1 and Rab1 as the host factors that mediate ER association with Legionella phagosomes and that these proteins are required for bacterial intracellular replication. Subsequent to this work, several additional pathogens were found to manipulate similar membrane trafficking pathways to establish a replicative niche. Kagan's research focus shifted during his postdoctoral studies to questions of how immune cells detect infection, which was an area pioneered by Charles Janeway Jr and Ruslan Medzhitov.
Mapping the subcellular sites of innate immune signal transduction
Kagan is recognized for pioneering the cell biological analysis of innate immunity, which revealed a map of the subcellular sites of innate immune signal transduction. His work identified subdomains of the plasma membrane that permit Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and identified endosomes as a key site from which TLR4 signaling occurs. These discoveries led to the identification of a novel means by which TLR4 is transported between the cell surface and endosomes via CD14 and MD-2, and in the process revealed endocytosis as a TLR4-independent cellular response to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Subsequent studies by Vishva Dixit and Edward Miao demonstrated additional TLR4-independent cellular responses to LPS. Kagan's work with the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster provided the first in vivo evidence for the importance of protein localization for the antibacterial functions of the Toll pathway.
| 2.125
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74317264
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20C.%20Kagan
|
Jonathan C. Kagan
|
Kagan's lab identified peroxisomes and confirmed mitochondria as organelles that initiate signaling by the RIG-I like Receptors (RLRs). These organelles were found to induce distinct classes of interferon (IFN) genes, with Type III IFNs being selectively induced from peroxisomes and Type I IFNs from mitochondria. Kagan's studies of the cGAS-STING pathway revealed mutant cGAS proteins that signal from within mitochondria to induce Type I IFNs, and the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in potentiating inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis through oxidation of the pore forming protein gasdermin D.
Kagan's work with Dr. Randi Rotjan explored the limits of innate immune pattern recognition. They discovered that human and mouse cells were unable to detect bacteria from ecosystems that are not inhabited by mammals. Specifically, the LPS receptors CD14, MD-2, TLR4, caspase-4 and caspase-11 were unable to detect LPS from >80% of bacteria harvested from the deep central Pacific Ocean. These findings established that LPS receptors preferentially detect bacteria from sympatric habitats—suggesting that innate immunity is defined locally, not globally.
| 2.4375
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74317264
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20C.%20Kagan
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Jonathan C. Kagan
|
Teaching and scientific communication
Kagan is an avid proponent of teaching undergraduate and graduate students. At Harvard, he created the first course dedicated to the study of innate immunity and co-created a long-running course on Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenesis and the Host Immune Response. He is a prolific author of reviews and perspectives on the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary implications of immunity and has an active science-based social media presence on Twitter (@jkagan1).
Honors and recognition
As a Ph.D. student, Kagan was the first scientist to receive the Prize Teaching Fellowship, which is among the most important honors that Yale bestows upon graduate students. These awards are conferred jointly by the Dean of the Graduate School and the Dean of Yale College.
His research has been recognized with the Investigator Award from the American Association of Immunologists, the Burroughs Wellcome Fund Investigators in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease Award, the Alois Nowotny Award from the International Endotoxin and Innate Immunity Society and the MERIT award from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Kagan is a recipient of the Brina Sheeman Shackelford BBS Teaching Award from Harvard Medical School.
Kagan is an elected Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology.
Personal life
Kagan resides in the Boston community with his wife and three children.
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74317273
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evanston%20Reparations%20Committee
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Evanston Reparations Committee
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The Evanston Reparations Committee was established by the City Council of Evanston, Illinois in 2019 as the first publicly funded reparation program for Black Americans. The first program approved for using the funds, cash payments for housing support, was passed by the city in March 2021.
Passage
On November 25, 2019, the City Council voted 8–1 to commit the first ten million dollars over the next ten years of the city's Municipal Cannabis Retailers’ Occupation Tax (3% on gross sales of cannabis) to fund a local reparations program with the intention to focus on housing and the wealth gap for Black residents suffered from redlining in Evanston.
The first program to spend money out of fund was approved, with another 8–1 vote, on March 22, 2021, was the "Local Reparations Restorative Housing Program" targeted for housing and economic development programs for Black Evanston residents and build the wealth of Black residents. It was the first such government funded program in America. Qualifying homes were granted up to $25,000 for down payments or home repairs. To qualify for the program, Black Americans must either have lived in Evanston between 1919 and 1969 or be a direct descendant of someone who did.
The program had the endorsement of the National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America and the National African American Reparations Commission.
Robin Rue Simmons, an alderwoman was the architect of the reparations program. The other members of the Reparations Committee were 5th Ward Councilmember Bobby Burns, 2nd Ward Councilmember Krissie Harris, 8th Ward Councilmember Devon Reid and residents Bonnie Lockhart, Claire McFarland Barber, and Carlis Sutton.
Impact
As of early 2023, Evanston had only distributed $400,000 of the proposed $10 million in spending. A total of 16 applicants have received money while about 620 of Black residents on the waiting list or have otherwise applied. The city has since expanded the potential disbursement options to include cash as well as vouchers.
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74317371
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neigh
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Neigh
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In French, 'hennissement' is a masculine noun that, according to the Trésor de la langue Française informatisé, was attested in the 13th century and it is in the Histoire de l'empereur Henri de Constantinopled by Henry of Valenciennes (a text dated around 1220). 'Hennissement' is derived from the verb 'hennir', attested in 1100 for human beings, and 30 years later for the "cry of a horse", in Philippe de Thaon's Bestiaire. Moreover, 'hennir' is a borrowing from the Latin 'hinnire' which, as Quintilian notes in his Institutio Oratoria, is formed on an onomatopoeia of the "horse cry": the repetition of the vowel "i" evokes the sound of neighing. Other Romance verbs, such as the Italian 'nitrire', derive from it. An influence from Frankish 'kinni', meaning jaw, is also possible. The hinny neighs like a horse, while the mule bray like a donkey. In French, 'hennissement' and 'hennir''' are also used for the zebra.
History
From the earliest times humans have been aware of the sounds made by horses, which have been domesticated since antiquity, and has attributed all kinds of meanings to them. In Western Europe, Buffon's study of horses, in which he follows Cardan, describes five types of neighs. This study has been an authority for centuries, and it is included in Encyclopédie, ou dicctionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et de métiers, among others. According to him, these five horse neighs are used to express joy, desire, anger, fear and pain respectively. The five types of neighs are as follows:
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74317371
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neigh
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Neigh
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The neigh is a succession of jerky sounds, first high-pitched, then gradually lower, producing a sort of long "Hiiiihiiiihiii". Intensity and pitch can vary considerably. It can be so loud that it can be heard by the human ear from a distance of several kilometers, which means that horses, whose hearing is better developed, can hear it from an even greater distance. When a horse neighs, it opens its mouth, and its jaw and nostrils move. Neighing is more frequent in the entire horse than in the mare and gelding, and the timbre of their voices is not as strong. From birth, the male has a louder voice than the female. By the age of two or two-and-a-half, when puberty sets in, the voice of all horses becomes louder. The horse's vocalizations have complex sounds, a wide bandwidth and varied frequencies, making them richer than those of most domestic animals. Although the name "neigh" is generally applied to the horse's call, the hinny, a hybrid of stallion and donkey, readily neighs like a horse, while the mule, a hybrid of donkey and mare, is more likely to bray.
Mechanism
The horse neighs by inhaling to fill its lungs and then expelling the air that passes through its larynx. Neighing occurs in the larynx during exhalation, which is why horses with an open trachea are unable to neigh, as the air no longer passes through it. The other parts of the respiratory system contribute to neighing in a secondary way. The lungs expel air into the larynx. The pharynx and nasal cavities add power to the vocalization and modify it. The air expelled from the lungs pushes the lips away from the glottis, until the vocal cords return on themselves and momentarily close the respiratory tract, only to spread apart again, producing vibratory movements fast enough to give rise to sounds, much as happens when you blow into the reed of an oboe. The horse's throat, mouth and lips modify the nature of the sound emitted, while the power of the neigh is determined by the force with which air is expelled from the lungs.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%20Rolling%20Fork%E2%80%93Silver%20City%20tornado
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2023 Rolling Fork–Silver City tornado
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On the evening of March 24, 2023, a large, violent and destructive multi-vortex wedge tornado struck the communities of Rolling Fork and Silver City, Mississippi, killing 17 people and injuring at least 165 others. The tornado was the strongest and deadliest of a widespread tornado outbreak in the Southern United States between March 24–27, 2023. The tornado damaged or destroyed much of Rolling Fork, with the most intense damage leading the National Weather Service to assign a high-end EF4 rating on the Enhanced Fujita scale, with maximum windspeeds estimated at .
Meteorological synopsis
On March 18, an upper-level trough was situated across the Western United States. As time progressed, the trough began to progress to the east. By March 20, forecasters at the National Weather Service's Storm Prediction Center were calling attention to "some potential for discrete storms" in Mississippi on March 24 ahead of the cold front, their severity contingent on prior destabilization of the atmosphere.
On March 22, the National Weather Service's Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issued a level 3/enhanced risk of severe weather across portions of Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi for supercell thunderstorms capable of large hail, damaging winds, and strong tornadoes (EF2+ on the Enhanced Fujita scale). The enhanced risk was expanded northward the following day, and the original outlined area was upgraded to a level 4/moderate risk.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%20Rolling%20Fork%E2%80%93Silver%20City%20tornado
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2023 Rolling Fork–Silver City tornado
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Possible EF5 intensity
In March 2024, Logan Poole, a meteorologist and damage surveyor with the National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi gave an interview regarding the tornado and why it was rated EF4 rather than EF5. In the interview, Poole stated:
Aftermath
Preliminary information from the National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi indicated that over 78% of the city of Rolling Fork and over 96% of Silver City sustained some level of damage from the tornado, with at least 300 homes sustaining damage in Rolling Fork. Rolling Fork's funeral director and mayor, Eldridge Walker, said on March 27 that search-and-rescue efforts were "pretty close" to finished and authorities believed that everyone had been accounted for. Following major damage to the Sharkey Issaquena Community Hospital and the Delta Health Center, both based in Rolling Fork, the University of Mississippi Medical Center partnered with state agencies to establish a temporary field hospital at the town's National Guard Armory. The Mississippi Emergency Management Agency (MEMA) contracted with the Red Cross to provide survivors with meals and lodging in hotel rooms for up to six months. By April 11, Mayor Walker said that 500 people—approximately a third of the town's population—remained displaced. More than 200 remained displaced in mid-August. To dispose of debris and waste from the tornado's damage, Sharkey County established a burn site on the town's outskirts. On April 10 alone, 260 truckloads of debris made the trip to the burn site. Influencer and YouTuber Ryan Hall, Y'all raised $120,000 through social media to give generators out after the storm.
The Mississippi Insurance Department stated that insured losses from the tornado were near $100 million (2023 USD), with uninsured losses likely even higher.
Political response
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclogue%203
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Eclogue 3
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Eclogue 3 (Ecloga III; Bucolica III) is a pastoral poem by the Latin poet Virgil, one of a collection of ten poems known as the "Eclogues". This eclogue represents the rivalry in song of two herdsmen, Menalcas and Damoetas. After trading insults, the two men decide to have a singing competition, for which each offers a prize (Damoetas a female calf and Menalcas a pair of ornamented cups). A neighbour, Palaemon, who comes along by chance, agrees to be the judge. The second half of the poem consists of the contest, in which each of the two competitors in turn sings a couplet and the other caps it with another couplet (each singing 12 couplets in all). In the end Palaemon brings the contest to an end and declares it a draw.
The poem is based mainly on the bucolic Idyll 5 of the 3rd century BC Greek poet Theocritus, but with elements added from Idyll 4 and other Theocritean idylls. Like Theocritus's Idylls 4 and 5, and all of Virgil's surviving poetry, Eclogue 3 is composed in dactylic hexameters.
Eclogues 2 and 3 are thought to be the earliest of Virgil's Eclogues to be written, and so date to about 42 BC.
Amoebaean song
Such poetry as verses 60–107 is called amoebaean (or amoebean) () from ('interchange'), and Virgil calls it 'alternate song' (alterna). The rule was that the second singer should answer the first in an equal number of verses, on the same or a similar subject, and also if possible show superior force or power of expression.
The Eclogue is largely copied from the fourth and fifth Idylls of Theocritus, but this form of poetry was probably extremely popular in Italy, where improvised rude songs were always a characteristic of village festivities. The Romans were very fond of coarse invective and repartee, and these form the staple of the Satura (one of the earliest forms of Latin drama), the Fescennine and Atellane farces, and the Mimes. J. B. Greenough notes, "Though the Amœbæan verse is Greek, and the poem itself copied from Theocritus, yet the alternate abuse is thoroughly Italian."
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclogue%203
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Eclogue 3
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Ab Iove principium Musae
The words with which Damoetas opens the contest ( ) recall both the opening lines of Aratus's Phaenomena ('from Zeus let us begin ... all lands are full of Zeus') as well as the opening of Theocritus's Idyll 17 ('from Zeus let us begin; cease also with Zeus, Muses'). There is some doubt about whether the word is singular or plural. Some take it as plural, as it is, unambiguously, in Theocritus; others take it as genitive singular ('from Jupiter is my Muse's beginning' or 'let my song begin from Jupiter'), comparing Cicero's translation of Aratus, which begins .
First riddle
A pair of riddles end the contest, which appear to be Virgil's innovation, since there is no parallel to them in Theocritus. These riddles have been much discussed by scholars, who have proposed various solutions.
The first riddle is more difficult and there is no general agreement. One solution proposed by ancient commentators and attributed to Virgil himself by Asconius Pedianus is that since can mean not only 'the extent of the sky' but also 'the extent of Caelius', said to be a wealthy man from Virgil's home town of Mantua, who spent so much money that when he died he had only a piece of land big enough to be buried in. However, few modern commentators take this solution seriously; most assume that if Virgil did say it he was only joking. Another ancient theory was that it referred to a well in Syene (Aswan) in Egypt which was used by Eratosthenes to measure the size of the earth.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclogue%203
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Eclogue 3
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J. J. H. Savage (1954) proposed a different explanation. He suggested that just as the contest opens with the words it is appropriate that it should end with another god, namely Terminus, who shared the Capitoline temple in Rome with Jupiter. Above the stone which represented the god in the temple, according to Ovid, there was a small opening in the roof through which the sky could be observed. Savage cites an old riddle which plays on the name Terminus as , and suggests that Virgil's plays on it in a similar way. Carl Springer (1984) finds this suggestion "cogent", noting that Virgil makes puns on names elsewhere in the poem also.
D. E. W. Wormell (1960), dismissing Savage's solution as "over-ingenious", suggested that the first riddle refers to a remarkable orrery or three-dimensional model of the sky which was designed by Archimedes and brought to Rome by Marcus Claudius Marcellus the conqueror of Syracuse. This orrery is mentioned by Cicero in his book . There was another similar model made by Posidonius described by Cicero in , a book published in 45 BC, only three or four years before Virgil composed this eclogue. This solution was also adopted by Lee (1980) and Goold (1999) in their editions.
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74317965
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgiy%20L.%20Stenchikov
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Georgiy L. Stenchikov
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Georgiy L. Stenchikov is an applied mathematician and climate scientist focusing on studies of physical processes that govern the Earth's climate. He is a professor in the Department of Earth Science and Engineering at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia.
Stenchikov's research is focused on atmospheric physics, climate modeling, aerosols, radiative transfer, fluid dynamics, climate impacts of volcanic eruptions, and mineral dust. He has authored two books, Mathematical Modeling of Climate (in Russian) and Gotterdämmerung Globale Folgen eines atomaren Konflikts (in German). He has authored over 300 articles in journals, including Science, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, and Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. He contributed to the Nobel Prize-winning report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR4) of 2007 and has been awarded a Prize from the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union for his work on climate impact modeling. In 2022 he received a Future of Life Award for Nuclear Winter research.
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