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75664744
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peeter%20Pedaja
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Peeter Pedaja
|
In 1951, he attempted to register a design for a "slot constructed toy house." His application was rejected, however, as he had only included one simple line drawing that was determined to be "not to the standard of a competent draughtsman."
In 1952, he advertised in The Age newspaper for young men to join him on an expedition to Western Australia to start a timber milling, pearl and whale fishing station in exchange for a £16 fee. Nothing came of these plans, and Pedaja ultimately served three months' jail for "attempted false pretenses."
In 1953, he made a name for himself in Perth as a rock sculptor, carving elaborate scenes into the cliff face at Cottesloe Beach. In 1956, he did the same at Sandringham, Victoria, carving an "Olympic pageant" into the beach's soft cliff face. He also began using the name "Stanley Lexton" for his artistic endeavours and in some other contexts.
Attempted oil drum sea crossings
1957
In 1957, Pedaja attempted to cross the Timor Sea from Mindil Beach in Darwin, Northern Territory to Timor in a vessel that consisted of three oil drums welded together in a row. He may have been inspired by Australian artist Ian Fairweather, who had attempted the same route on a raft made from aircraft fuel tanks in 1952, ultimately landing on Rote Island.
On the morning of his departure, a passerby named Gregory Black assisted Pedaja to tow the oil drum vessel across the beach. Black later described the scene:
| 2.359375
| 0
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75664852
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea%20vaporalis
|
Nymphaea vaporalis
|
Nymphaea vaporalis is a species of waterlily endemic to Queensland, Australia.
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Nymphaea vaporalis is an annual or perennial species with globose rhizomes. The elliptic-suborbicular, 33 cm long, 28 cm wide leaves have an entire-sinuate margin.
Generative characteristics
The fragrant, day-flowering, flowers can rise up to 30 cm above the water surface. The 12 cm long, 3.5 cm wide, sepals have an acute apex. The 22-25 cm long, 1.8-2.5 cm wide petals have an acute apex. The androecium consists of 200 yellow stamens with membranous, max. 2.3 cm long filaments. The anthers are 0.8 cm long, and have white appendages on the outer stamens. The gynoecium consists of 18 carpels. The ovary has vestigial sterile lobes. The 4 cm long, 3 cm wide, globose fruit carries glabrous, elongate, 2-2.6 mm long, and 1.5 mm wide seeds.
The flowers smell like cinnamon.
Reproduction
Generative reproduction
In Nymphaea vaporalis, a large percentage of seeds are aborted, but the fully developed seeds are viable.
Taxonomy
Publication
It was first described by Surrey Wilfrid Laurance Jacobs and Carl Barre Hellquist in 2011.
Type specimen
The type specimen of Nymphaea vaporalis was collected at an elevation of 287 meters above sea level by Jacobs and Hellquist in North Kennedy, Queensland on th 10th of June 2007.
Placement within Nymphaea
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Confluentes.
Hybridisation
Nymphaea vaporalis may be of hybrid origin.
Etymology
The specific epithet vaporalis, meaning steam or smoke, is derived from the old steam engine water supply near Mingela, its only known habitat.
Conservation
The NCA status of Nymphaea atrans is Special Least Concern.
| 2.171875
| 0
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75665033
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi%20ballistic%20missile%20attacks%20on%20Saudi%20Arabia
|
Iraqi ballistic missile attacks on Saudi Arabia
|
Between 18 January and 26 February 1991, Ba'athist Iraq launched 46 al-Husayn Scud missiles against Saudi Arabian and American military targets in Dhahran and the Saudi capital of Riyadh amidst the Gulf War. Attacks began hours after US General Norman Schwarzkopf emphasized large-scale efforts taken to comb the vast expanses of western Iraq for missile attacks aimed at Israel.
Although the attacks were largely inaccurate, the missiles caused 28 of the 148 United States battle deaths during the Gulf War. Most of the Iraqi ballistic missiles fired at Saudi Arabia were aimed at military targets, leading to low civilian casualties.
Background
The threat posed by the Iranian Revolution in 1979 to the Arabian Gulf states forced Saudi Arabia to back Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War and cut its diplomatic ties with Iran. Saudi Arabia and Iraq saw each other as allies with a common goal of counterbalancing Iranian expansion and radical Shia Islamism. Unlike Iran, Iraq was not too aggressive in challenging the status quo of the Saudi Kingdom, causing Saudi Arabia to view Iraq as a buffer state against Iranian expansionism. Despite declaring neutrality in the Iran–Iraq War, Saudi Arabia supported Iraq diplomatically, politically and financially, offering loans of $25 billion.
Following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, Saudi Arabia broke diplomatic ties with Iraq and allowed 700,000 US troops to enter the country. Saudi Arabia's air bases served as the main staging areas for US aerial airstrikes against Iraqi targets during the Gulf War.
| 2.421875
| 0
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75665148
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal%20drug%20trade%20in%20Lebanon
|
Illegal drug trade in Lebanon
|
In the 1980s, Syria, which had a significant military presence in Lebanon, particularly in the Beqaa Valley, played a central role in controlling and benefiting from the drug trade according to the Washington Post. Syrian military and intelligence officers stationed in the Beqaa were directly or indirectly involved in trafficking, leading to substantial financial gains. The involvement of high-ranking Syrian officials, possibly reaching the inner circle of Syria's government, was suspected.
Post civil-war area (1990s–2000s)
After the civil war in Lebanon ended, the country faced the challenge of rebuilding itself. According to the 2007 report by The Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime, Lebanon witnessed a surge in its drug production industry. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Bekaa Valley, particularly the parts controlled by Syria, became a hub for the cultivation of narcotics. The drug trade became a major source of income for various factions and militias, who used the proceeds to finance their military activities. With the civil war fueled by drug revenues, Lebanon emerged as a significant player in the global drug market. The drug trade not only became an economic lifeline for many groups but also contributed to the destabilization of the region.
| 2.625
| 0
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75665166
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hodson%20Kearsley
|
John Hodson Kearsley
|
John Hodson Kearsley (28 February 1785 - 2 October 1842) was a British politician, who served as the Member of Parliament for Wigan from 1831 to 1832, and from 1835 to 1837.
Kearsley was the third son of Edward Kearsley and his wife Ann (née Hodson); his father was a partner in a Wigan cotton mill along with his mother's brother John Hodson. Kearsley became a brewer rather than enter the cotton business, and became wealthy after receiving large inheritances following the death of both his father and father-in-law.
The Hodsons were a politically prominent family in Wigan; Kearsley's uncle, John Hodson, was one of the town's two Members of Parliament from 1802 to 1820, and was succeeded by Kearsley's cousin, James Alexander Hodson, who served from 1820 to 1831. Kearsley himself was mayor of Wigan in 1813, 1819, and 1825, and colonel of the local yeomanry troop, the Wigan Volunteer Light Horse. In the 1830 general election, Kearsley put himself forward as a surprise candidate alongside his cousin, but was not elected. Hodson then stood down, and Kearsley was returned in a by-election. While he received a majority of votes, only around a hundred freemen were actually voters, and he was strongly opposed among the general population; he was attacked during the by-election, and during the subsequent 1831 general election his windows were smashed and he "did not dare appear".
He was a conservative, voting against the three Reform Bills, and was overwhelmingly defeated at the post-Reform 1832 general election. He returned to Parliament for the same seat in the 1835 general election, but was narrowly defeated in the 1837 general election, and again when he stood in an 1839 by-election. He did not stand again in 1841.
He died in 1842, widowed and with no children. His name is sometimes given as "Hodgson".
| 2.234375
| 0
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75665781
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detty%20December%20%28Nigeria%29
|
Detty December (Nigeria)
|
While Detty December is mostly associated with the cities, many of the returnees also use this opportunity to visit their countryside villages. Igbos refer to this as Nbịarute or ịlota ụlọ̀ (homecoming/Journeying home), during which close friends and families both from the diaspora and the cities specifically go home to their village countryside to celebrate the holidays and other festivals. However, it is crucial to highlight that Detty December primarily focuses on urban city visits by the Nigerian diaspora for festivities, contrasting distinctly with the situation in the eastern part of Nigeria, where the majority Igbo population often tend to vacate most urban city centers during December. Instead, they return to their countryside for celebrations such as family reunions and other festivities in the rural areas, creating a notable scarcity in most city centers in the east, unlike the concentrated city-centric nature which Detty December is known for. Lagos, a city with a rich history of Owambe and a thriving entertainment industry (being the home to the global music phenomenon Afrobeats) is often considered the face of Detty December.
| 2.09375
| 0
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75665910
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerry%20Falls%20Hydro-Electric%20Scheme
|
Kerry Falls Hydro-Electric Scheme
|
Operation
In 2002, the Renewables Obligation (Scotland) legislation was introduced. It was conceived as a way to promote the development of small-scale hydro-electric, wave power, tidal power, photovoltaics, wind power and biomas schemes, but by the time it came into force, the definition of small scale had been increased from 5 MW to 10 MW and then 20 MW, and existing hydro-electric stations that had been refurbished to improve efficiency could be included. Kerry Falls at 1.3 MW thus qualified, and between 2004 and 2007 the station qualified for 14,867 Renewable Obligation Certificates, generating a subsidy for SSE of nearly £710,000. SSE expected to refurbish the turbines at the station during 2008.
Hydrology
The reservoir for the scheme was formed by building a dam across the outlet from Loch Bad an Sgalaig into the River Kerry. This is supplemented by water from Loch Dubh and Am Feur-Loch. Loch Bad an Sgalaig and Loch Dubh are effectively a single loch, with the surface levels of both at above Ordnance datum (AOD). They cover an area of and drain a catchment area of . Am Feur-Loch is located to the north-east of the reservoir and is much smaller, covering just and draining . Its elevation is .
This receives water from Lochan a' Chleirich, of a similar size but at an elevation of , which is to the south east. The Allt Lochan a' Chleirich connects the two water bodies. From the north, the Allt Airigh an Leisteir brings water from Loch nam Buainichean to Am Feur-Loch. This has a surface area of , drains an area of and is at an elevation of .
| 2.71875
| 0
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75665910
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerry%20Falls%20Hydro-Electric%20Scheme
|
Kerry Falls Hydro-Electric Scheme
|
Loch Bad an Sgalaig also receives some water from Loch na h-Oidhche, some distance to the south-east. This is a comparatively deep loch, with a maximum depth of . It has a surface area of , drains an area of , and is located at AOD. Its ouflow descends quite rapidly, but when it reaches Meall Lochan na Geala, a hill that rises to , it divides into two. The Abhainn a' Gharbh Coire flows to the left of the hill to reach Loch Bad an Sgalaig, while the Abhainn Loch na h-Oidhche flows to the right of the hill, and passes through Loch Garbhaig to reach Loch Maree.
Below the Bad an Sgalaig Dam, a valve tower controls flows from the reservoir into the River Kerry. A small dam further downstream forms a smaller storage area, and a similar structure controls flow into the pipeline, which runs on the north bank of the river as it flows to the west. The pipeline is crossed by the A832 road about halfway along its length, and again close to the turbine house, which is located on the right bank of the river, and discharges into the river. Just below it is a weir, which prevents migrating salmon and trout from passing further upstream. Below the weir, the river is a Special Area of Conservation (SAC).
Land to the south of the river is drained by Lochan Druim na Fearna, feeding the Allt Loch Druim na Fearna and Loch na Doire Mòire, feeding the Allt Loch na Doire Mòire. These two streams join the Allt na Claise, before the combined flow enters the River Kerry, which turns to the north at this point. The A832 road has followed the river closely on its right bank for all of its length, and the only major bridge over the river occurs where the B8056 road from Badachro crosses to join the A832. The river passes to the west of the hamlet of Kerrysdale, where it turns to the north-west, and then turns to the south-west to enter Loch Kerry, an inlet which is part of the sealoch Loch Gairloch or Gair Loch. A salmon hatchery is located on the north bank close to the mouth of the River Kerry.
| 2.390625
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75666385
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Harvest%20of%20Death
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A Harvest of Death
|
However, photographers didn't necessarily photograph their subjects as they found them. Photography remains a work of composition. With living subjects, one adopts a pose; with immobile corpses, as Susan Sontag points out, the photographer remains the one who arranges the elements in the image. Similarly, André Kaspi, an expert on the United States history, points out that to attract buyers of photographs, the Civil War photographer becomes a director, resorting to trickery.
Staging
Through staging, photography becomes an element that can be manipulated for aesthetic, commercial or propagandistic purposes.
A Harvest of Death and Field where General Reynolds fell are plates 36 and 37 in the Photographic Sketch Book of the War, published in 1865. Their subject matter appears to be different: "The commentary on the first photograph describes rebel soldiers, who died attacking a patriot army and were abandoned on the battlefield. The second describes Union soldiers who died doing their duty." However, American historian William Frassanito was able to demonstrate that it was a single scene, taken from two different angles by Timothy O'Sullivan.
| 2.734375
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75666391
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthaptychia%20aurantiaca
|
Xanthaptychia aurantiaca
|
Xanthaptychia aurantiaca, the Arctic orangebush lichen, is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. This small orange lichen is endemic to the Canadian Arctic and is known from a few scattered collections across this region. It was classified as an endangered species by the IUCN in 2020.
Taxonomy
The lichen was first formally described in 1823 by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown, as Borrera aurantiaca. In his original diagnosis of the species, he noted its ascending, orange, slightly compressed, bare, and somewhat dichotomous thallus with a pale base, and very short and obtuse terminal . Brown suggested that the species was related to Borrera flavicans (now known as Teloschistes flavicans), and that both are distinguished from others by their somewhat cylindrical, shrubby thallus. He further noted that in this species, the apothecia (fruiting bodies) are unknown, and therefore the appropriate genus placement is uncertain. One of the collections made on Winter Harbour on Melville Island was later designated as a lectotype specimen.
In 1931, Alexander Zahlbruckner thought that the Teloschistes was a more appropriate generic placement for the species, but since the combination Teloschistes aurantiacus has already been used, he proposed a new name for the species, Teloschistes arcticus. Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt moved it to the genus Xanthoanaptychia in 2003, but this genus has since been subsumed into Seirophora. In 2004, Patrick Frödén transferred the taxon to the genus Seirophora. In 2017, Kondratyuk and Sonia Ravera moved it to Xanthaptychia, giving it the binomial name by which it is now known. It is commonly known as the "Arctic orangebush lichen".
| 2.34375
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75666874
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odonteus%20armiger
|
Odonteus armiger
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Odonteus armiger is the only European species of the genus Odonteus. It belongs to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. This species lives a very hidden life and is therefore little known about it, despite its wide distribution.
Description
Its body length is of . The deep black, shiny body is short, rounded, and strongly arched. Males have a narrow, movable horn at the base of the head. There are also two smaller horns on the sides of the male's neck shield. The females have a transverse ridge with two small bumps at this point. Other native beetles with a head horn are, for example, the european rhinoceros beetle or Copris lunaris. The antennae consist of movable leaves. Other similar genera are Geotrupes and Typhaeus, which lack the horn, the rimmed seam edge of the elytra and the tomentum spot on the front of the forelegs. Odonteus armiger are also usually smaller than them.
Distribution and habitat
The species has a wide distribution in Europe. In the north, the species is found as far south as Sweden and the south of Great Britain. In the west, the species can be found as far as France and the north-eastern parts of Spain. In the south, the species is found as far north-east as Spain, southern France, northern Italy and the Balkan Peninsula and in the east, the species is found as far south as Russia (east to the Urals) and the Caucasus.
Taxonomy
The species was first described in 1772 by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli under the name Scarabaeus armiger. Over time, the species was initially categorised in the Scarabaeidae family and later assigned to the Geotrupidae. It is now systematically classified as a member of the Bolboceratidae, a small family of the Scarabaeoidea. Numerous synonyms of the species can be found in the literature, for example Odontaeus armiger (Scopoli 1772), Bolboceras armiger (Scopoli 1772), Scarabaeus bicolor (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus mobilicornis (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus testaceus (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus rufescens (Ponza 1805) and Odontaeus fulvus (Mulsant & Rey 1871).
| 2.359375
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75666979
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediasound%20Studios
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Mediasound Studios
|
Mediasound was an American independent recording studio facility located at 311 West 57th Street in New York City established in 1969 by Harry Hirsch and Bob Walters with financial backing from Joel Rosenman and John P. Roberts.
History
The studio was founded by former JAC Recording engineer Harry Hirsch and Bob Walters, with financial backing from Joel Rosenman and John Roberts. The search for a suitable location for the studio began in 1968 and resulted in the acquisition of the former Manhattan Baptist Church building.
Originally conceived as an 8-track studio, the concept was expanded to a 24-track state-of-the-art facility, increasing the budget from $100,000 to $700,000, and the studio opened in June 1969 with the former church's large wooden front door and 2,000 square foot main room with high ceilings and stained glass windows.
Sessions at Mediasound ranged from commercial jingles and movie soundtrack work to album projects, with the studio hosting a wide variety of artists in the 1970s, including Barry Manilow, Kool & the Gang, Stevie Wonder, Frankie Valli, Lou Reed, Gloria Gaynor, Engelbert Humperdinck, Ramones, and Blondie. Additionally, most of the music for Sesame Street was recorded at Mediasound, as a standing session was booked at 9 am with engineer Fred Christie for years.
Session musicians who worked at Mediasound included Paul Shaffer, Bob Babbitt, Allan Schwartzberg, Will Lee, and Marcus Miller. Numerous recording engineers worked at Mediasound, including Bob Clearmountain, Tony Bongiovi, Godfrey Diamond, Ramona Jan, Michael Barbiero, Michael Delugg, Harvey Goldberg, Ron Saint Germain, Liz Saron Milner, Michael Brauer, Don Wershba, Ed Stasium, Robert Margouleff and Malcolm Cecil, among others.
| 1.929688
| 0
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75667189
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruguayan%20intrastate%20war
|
Uruguayan intrastate war
|
The main Jail of the People, which remained in activity, was discovered on 26 May and its two prisoners, Ulysses Pereira Reverbel and Carlos Frick Davie were released. The jail was placed below a normal house in which a family lived. The Army had engaged in search and seizure in nearby homes, and carried out a large-scale operation for the release of the hostages. The guards of the prison were given the order to execute the prisoners if the government found the facilities, but they ignored it. The fall of the Jail was a huge morality blow to the Tupamaro movement, to the point that leading guerrilla figures like Amodio Pérez or Mariano Píriz Budes started collaborating secretly with the Joint Forces to save their lives. These defections were central for the disbandment of the movement soon after.
The Tupamaro movement was quickly neutralized afterwards. On 27 May numerous tupamaros were arrested at Paysandú. On 31 May 20 alleged guerrilla fighters were arrested at Melo, other 7 were detained at Maldonado, 10 at Paso de los Toros, 8 at San José and 43 at Artigas. On 13 June, the Tupamaros' Paysandú branch was completely defeated after an operation that killed 3 men and imprisoned 94. Later that month, 59 suspected fighters were detained at Treinta y Tres, 49 at Artigas, 68 remnants of the Paysandú branch, 19 at Salto and 12 at Florida. In July, 45 tupamaros were arrested at Paso de los Toros, 34 at Florida and 39 at Río Negro. The perpetrators of the murders of Delega and Acosta y Lara, of the kidnap of Molaguero and of the massacre at Gravina's house were arrested as well that month. In August, 31 fighters surrendered at Paysandú, 13 were arrested at Salto and 13 others were captured at Colonia.
| 2.015625
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75667305
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenal%20des%20gal%C3%A8res
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Arsenal des galères
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Master Antoine Moulinneuf: a galley surgeon
Born in La Rochelle in 1668, his personal and professional life is best known through the abundant correspondence he preserved. Fatherless from an early age, a surgeon-major had him embark with him "as surgeon" on the Hasardeux, Mr. Colbert de Saint-Mars's vessel, during the campaigns of Cape Vert et La Mérique and Algiers (1683). On March 12, 1685, after being examined by two surgeons, he was appointed surgeon on the Renommée galley.
In 1690, he moved to the Atlantic coast and embarked on the Heureuse, under the command of Captain Chevalier de Blicourt-Tincourt, but the squadron took 35 days to reach Cherbourg, arriving too late to take part in the battle that Tourville won over the Anglo-Dutch on July 7, at the naval battle of Béveziers, which pitted a French fleet against an Anglo-Dutch fleet on July 7, 1690 during the War of the League of Augsburg. However, he did take part in the Teignmouth landing on August 5.
Taking his profession to heart, he overstepped the boundaries of his surgeon's status and "did" medicine, proposing a remedy for dropsy - the term used to describe generalized oedema at the time. But the faculty complained to the Intendant Général des Galères, who dismissed him despite the fact that he had been serving for 10 years on the Renommée, with glowing service records mentioned by his captain.
| 2.125
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75667441
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halgaitosaurus
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Halgaitosaurus
|
Halgaitosaurus is an extinct genus of araeoscelidian reptile from the late Pennsylvanian of Utah. It contains a single species, Halgaitosaurus gregarius, which is known from the "Virgilian" (Gzhelian)-age Halgaito Formation in Bears Ears National Monument. The fossils of Halgaitosaurus include a number of partial skeletons and isolated bones discovered in blocks of siltstone collected from the Birthday Quarry, a multi-taxon bonebed in Valley of the Gods. Halgaitosaurus makes up about 55% of the fossil material in the 20 blocks recovered from the site. Its fossils show a wide range of body sizes, and their preservation in close company may indicate that it was a gregarious animal, hence the species name.
Halgaitosaurus shows many features in common with araeoscelidians. The cervical (neck) vertebrae are elongated, and all vertebrae in front of the hip have a midline keel on the underside. Moreover, the front edge of the scapula slants backwards, the limbs are long and roughly equal in length, and the femur is much thicker than the humerus. The coracoid has a prominent thumb-like attachment point for the triceps muscle, a trait shared by Araeoscelis. There were eight cervical vertebrae, less than Araeoscelis (9) but more than Petrolacosaurus (6). The maxilla has about 25 teeth, more than Araeoscelis (19) but less than Petrolacosaurus (35). The fourth and fifth teeth in the maxilla are caniform (enlarged and fang-like), while teeth 10-18 are also slightly larger than adjacent parts of the tooth row.
| 2.765625
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75667640
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%20Venegas
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Art Venegas
|
Arturo "Art" Venegas (born 1951) is a former track and field coach, specializing in the throwing events. During his coaching career, Venegas led 63 athletes to conference titles, and he coached 33 throwers to NCAA championships. The U.S. Track & Field and Cross Country Coaches Association (USTFCCCA) said that he "left an indelible mark on the sport of track & field for over 40 years".
Venegas coached eleven Olympic athletes directly and he designed strength training programs to augment the training regimens of Olympic sprint medalists Mike Marsh, Ato Bolden, Steve Lewis, and Kevin Young. He also was the throwing event coach of Olympic multiple heptathlon (and long jump) gold medalist Jackie Joyner-Kersee, coaching her throwing and guiding her in strength training. Sports Illustrated voted Jackie the "athlete of the 20th Century" at the close of the millennium.
Early life and education
Venegas was born in Tepic, Mexico in 1951. He attended Saint Genevieve High School in Panorama City, where he distinguished himself as a standout track and field athlete in the shot put and discus throw. Upon graduation, Venegas enrolled at California State University, Northridge (CSUN), lettering in track and field four times and earning Division II All-American honors as a hammer thrower. Venegas graduated from CSUN with a double major in Spanish and political science.
Career
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75667640
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%20Venegas
|
Art Venegas
|
While at UCLA in 1994, Venegas was a defendant in a defamation lawsuit by Brent Noon, who alleged that Venegas spread rumors through the track community about Noon using steroids, which resulted in schools not recruiting him. They reached an undisclosed six-figure settlement outside of court. Two years later Noon tested positive for performance enhancing drugs, and was suspended for four years.
Olympic Training Center
After Venegas completed his stint at UCLA, Terry Crawford, the USTAF Director of Coaching, asked him to join the USA coaching team as a performance consultant at the United States Olympic Training Center in Chula Vista, California. Former British throws coach, Shaun Pickering, opined that Crawford’s overture may have been, at least in part, because at that juncture the US jumpers had been outpacing their throwing counterparts. Venegas said that among his goals at the Olympic Training Center was “to provide structure on a day-to-day basis” for the U.S. throwing contingent and ultimately to develop “a school of throwers.” That school of throwers eventually included: Tia Brooks, ranked number five in the world in 2016; Whitney Ashley, 2016 Olympic Trials champion; Darrell Hill, 2017 Diamond League champion, and Joe Kovacs, multiple world champion and three time Olympic silver medalist. When Kovacs and Hill both exceeded 73.6 feet (22.44m) in the shot put in 2017 it made Venegas the first coach in history to have athletes use both the traditional glide technique (John Brenner, 1986), and the modern spin technique (Joe Kovacs, 2015), (Darrell Hill, 2017) to reach the milestone 73' level. No other coach has had even two athletes throw 73', and Venegas has had three exceed six inches beyond that distance. Cyrus Hostetler said of Venegas, "Art coaching any one of these athletes would prove a successful coach, let alone all of them." Following the Rio de Janeiro Olympics, Venegas retired as an active coach in 2017.
Olympic athletes coached by Art Venegas
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75667721
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mira%20Sintra-Mele%C3%A7as%20railway%20station
|
Mira Sintra-Meleças railway station
|
Mira Sintra-Meleças Station () is a railway station located in the city of Sintra, Portugal. Located in the Western line, it is served by all Western line services as well as a CP Lisboa Sintra Line commuter service connecting to Rossio. It is operated by CP and managed by Infraestruturas de Portugal.
Service
The station is located between various towns and municipalities, and serves much of the surrounding area. Mira Sintra-Meleças operates as a terminus of Lisbon CP urban service, with trains reversing at this station to travel back towards Lisbon.
Regional and InterRegional services stop at Mira Sintra-Meleças Station roughly eight times daily in each direction.
Urban trains stop at Mira Sintra-Meleças Station at approximately 1-hour intervals on weekends and off-peak periods on weekdays. During peak periods, trains stop at Mira Sintra-Meleças Station at approximately 30-minute intervals.
Station layout
A pharmacy is located inside the station, and bus service is provided by a loop on the east side of the station.
Platforms
Mira Sintra-Meleças Station is composed of two island platforms serving four tracks.
History
The section of the Linha do Oeste that the station lies on entered service on 21 May 1887. A halt under the name of Meleças provided service to the area. Plans to create a proper station in the area formed in the 1990s. Mira Sintra-Meleças Station opened for revenue service on 29 November 2004. The station cost over €10 billion to build.
Surrounding area
Park Rinchoa-Fitares
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75667849
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheinhotel%20Dreesen
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Rheinhotel Dreesen
|
In March 1945, General Richard Schimpf moved into the hotel, only to hand over Godesberg to the American troops the next day. The hotel then became the quarters of the American commander-in-chief and later President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower. After July 1945 the confiscated hotel was available as a convalescent home for the British Royal Air Force, and briefly from 1946 for the Belgian armed forces. From December 1946 it served as accommodation for displaced people. After Bonn was established as the seat of government of West Germany in 1949, the hotel was designated as the headquarters of the allied high commissions (France, USA, Great Britain). To accommodate this purpose the state of North Rhine-Westphalia ordered the Federal Capital Office to convert the hotel by equipping it with 110 offices covering an area of 3320 m2. The requisition took place on July 15. By the end of July, half of the 363 refugees previously housed here had been relocated to Niederbreisig. On September 10, the conversion and renovation of the hotel was completed. Contrary to previous plans, it served exclusively as the seat of the French High Commission under André François-Poncet — the first to take up its work in the Bonn area.
The hotel was reopened on November 17, 1952. The Rheinhotel Dreesen accommodated numerous diplomats in the first decade of its resumed operation, before most states opened an official embassy in the Federal Republic of Germany with their own residence.
Now run by the 5th generation of the Dreesen family, the hotel was one of the founding members of the "Ringhotels" hotel partnership in 1973.
| 2.15625
| 0
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75667864
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea%20%C3%97%20daubenyana
|
Nymphaea × daubenyana
|
Nymphaea × daubenyana is a species of waterlily endemic to Chad, but has been introduced to Florida, USA. It is a natural hybrid of Nymphaea micrantha and Nymphaea nouchali var. caerulea.
Description
Vegetative characteristics
It has a tuberous rhizome. The cordate, elliptical-roundish, 30 cm wide leaves have an entire margin. The adaxial surface is coloured brightly green with red marks. The abaxial leaf surface is pale - brownish red. Proliferating tissue is found on the leaf blade above the attachment point of the petiole.
Generative characteristics
The blue flowers are 10 cm wide. The narrow petals have an acute apex. The ovules are bitegmic and anatropous.
The flowers are fragrant.
Cytology
A chromosome count of 89 or 87 chromosomes has been reported. The diploid chromosome count has also been reported to be 2n = 42.
Reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
Vegetative reproduction through foliar proliferation occurs in Nymphaea × daubenyana.
Taxonomy
Publication
It was first named by W.T.Baxter, but only later validly published by Charles Giles Bridle Daubeny (1795-1867) in 1864.
Placement within Nymphaea
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Brachyceras.
Etymology
It is named after Professor Charles Giles Bridle Daubeny.
Cultivation
It is suited for cultivation in small ponds, containers, and aquaria. It is a fast growing and floriferous species. Despite being a tropical waterlily, it is relatively cold-tolerant.
| 2.125
| 0
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75667959
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seringia%20collina
|
Seringia collina
|
Seringia collina is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a low growing, small rounded shrub with hairy branches, oblong to egg-shaped leaves and usually purple flowers in groups of 3 to 6.
Description
Seringia collina is a low growing, small rounded suckering shrub that typically grows up to high and wide, its branchlets covered with rust-coloured hairs. The leaves are oblong to egg-shaped, long and wide on a petiole long, with narrow stipules up to long at the base. The upper surface of the leaves has a sparse covering of star-shaped hairs and the lower surface is covered with dense, star-shaped hairs and a few glandular hairs. The flowers are purple, rarely white, up to wide, borne in groups of 3 to 6 on a peduncle long, each flower on a pedicel long opposite the leaves. The sepals are wider than long, joined at the base for less than half their length, and there are no petals. The staminodes are tiny, and the filaments are longer than the anthers. Flowering occurs from January to November and the ovary is hairy with segmented carpels.
Taxonomy
This species was first formally described in 1928 by Karel Domin who gave it the name Keraudrenia collina in Bibliotheca Botanica from specimens he collected near Jericho. In 2016, C.F.Wilkins and Whitlock transferred the species to Seringia as S. collina in Australian Systematic Botany. The specific epithet (collina) means "living an hills".
Distribution and habitat
Seringia collina is widespread in Queensland where it grows in sandy clay soils on low hills and plains, and often on roadsides.
Conservation
The species has been listed as "least concern" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992.
| 2.578125
| 0
|
75668022
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%20Luis%20Obispo%20County%20wine
|
San Luis Obispo County wine
|
On November 10, 2014, TTB issued the final rule in the Federal Register establishing eleven distinct appellations within the existing Paso Robles viticultural area.
The county's western terrain, where SLO Coast AVA lies, is composed of coastal terraces, foothills, and small valleys along the Pacific Coast oriented on an east–west axis allowing the area to experience the fog and cool marine air. According to the SLO Coast petition, 97 percent of the area is at or below in elevation, which corresponds to the approximate limit of the influence of the maritime climate.
At the southern boundary of SLO Coast viticultural area and straddling the county's border is the Santa Maria Valley viticultural area of Santa Barbara County. Santa Maria Valley's flatter topography exposes it to the marine air breezes, therefore, the growing degree day (GDD) accumulations are higher and the valley is characterized as Region II, and a lower average maximum growing season temperatures. Fog occurs over 55 percent of all nights during the growing season within the southern region of San Luis Obispo county.
New AVA
| 2.296875
| 0
|
75668263
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine%20expedition%20to%20Calabria%20%28788/789%29
|
Byzantine expedition to Calabria (788/789)
|
Battle and aftermath
The Byzantines landed in Calabria and marched towards the border with the Duchy of Benevento. The main battle took place in Calabria, near the frontier. The Annals credits victory to the Franks and Lombards. Theophanes describes John as the commander "defeated by the Franks". He was captured in battle and "put to a cruel death". In a letter dated 790, Alcuin of York, Charlemagne's confidant, wrote to Colcu of Clonmacnoise that the Byzantines "fled to their ships" after their defeat, having lost 4,000 men killed and 1,000 captured. A substantial booty was also recovered. The ultimate fate of Adelchis is unknown. He disappears from the historical record after his defeat.
Following the battle, there is no recorded diplomatic contact between the two powers until Constantine VI sent the strategos of Sicily, Niketas, on an embassy to Aachen in 797. It probably dealt with the release of prisoners. One of these captives, not released at that time, was Sisinnios, elder brother of Patriarch Tarasios of Constantinople. According the Annals, in 798, after Constantine's death, Irene negotiated his release.
| 2.40625
| 0
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75668265
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazel%20F.%20Lazear
|
Bazel F. Lazear
|
Actions at Second Battle of Independence
The battle unfolded in Independence, Missouri, where Lazear assumed a role in General Alfred Pleasonton's strategy for a synchronized assault. The objective was for General Brown's brigade to engage with support from Edward Winslow's men. However, the execution was slow, allowing Confederate forces to regroup about a mile southwest of Independence. Brown's delayed attack finally began, albeit with less force than intended. The front line, comprising the 1st, 4th, and 7th Missouri State Militia Cavalry Regiments, faced obstacles. The 4th and 7th units were blocked by Battery L, 2nd Missouri Light Artillery Regiment, and Colonel James McFerran, leading the 1st Missouri State Militia Cavalry, remained in the rear.
Under Lazear's command, the 1st Missouri State Militia Cavalry skirmished with the Confederates. As pressure mounted on Lazear's line, he requested reinforcements. General Brown, recognizing the situation, located the delayed 4th and 7th Missouri State Militia Cavalry units and the obstructing artillery. He promptly sent them to the front.
With only 30 minutes before sundown, the reinforced Union force, under Lazear's command, launched an attack. The goal was to make the most of the limited time available and address the earlier challenges in the plan's execution.
Actions at Battle of Mine Creek
On October 24th, 1864, Lazarus found himself on the forefront as his unit (1st Brigade, 1st Missouri State Militia Cavalry) closed in on retreating Confederate forces. The Confederates withdrew their approach, causing a pursuit that covered three miles. The Confederates quickly reformed into a defensive line and chose a position on the open prairie near Mine Creek, located at the Osage River.
Lazear's troops, positioned well and ready for action, faced a formidable enemy with superior numbers. Lazear's strategy allowed them to extend their line to the right to counter the enemy's flanking tactics.
| 2.53125
| 0
|
75668427
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza%20genocide
|
Gaza genocide
|
Since 2007, Israel and Hamas, along with other Palestinian militant groups based in Gaza, have engaged in conflict, including four wars in 2008–2009, 2012, 2014, and 2021. These conflicts killed approximately 6,400 Palestinians and 300 Israelis. In 2018–2019, there were large weekly organized protests near the Gaza-Israel border, which were violently suppressed by Israel, whose snipers killed hundreds and injured thousands of Palestinians. Soon after the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis began, Hamas's military wing, the Al-Qassam Brigades, started planning the 7 October 2023 operation against Israel. According to diplomats, Hamas had repeatedly said in the months preceding October 2023 that it did not want another military escalation in Gaza as it would worsen the humanitarian crisis that occurred after the 2021 conflict.
On 7 October 2023, Hamas led an attack into Israel from Gaza, resulting in at least 1,139 deaths, most of them civilians. Israel responded with a highly destructive bombing campaign followed by an invasion of the Gaza Strip on 27 October. Some scholars argued that there was genocide against Palestinians before the 7 October attacks, but the Israeli military campaign in Gaza has been characterized as genocidal by South Africa and other supporters of the genocide argument.
| 2.203125
| 0
|
75668612
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Indian%20Chicago%20Conference
|
American Indian Chicago Conference
|
The American Indian Chicago Conference (AICC) was an influential, week-long conclave of 460 American Indians from 90 tribes from June 13 to June 20, 1961. One convener of the event, University of Chicago anthropologist Sol Tax, the founder of "action anthropology," described the purpose of the event as helping "all Indians of the whole nation to express their own views" and to create if possible a shared declaration. Among the key organizers were Lacy W. Maynor (Lumbee) and William C. Rickard (Tuscarora), the son of Clinton Rickard, founder of the Indian Defense League.
The Emil Schwarzhaupt Foundation, Wenner-Gren Foundation, and the University of Chicago provided some financial support for the meeting.
After exchanging opinions that ranged over many aspects of Indian affairs, the conference created a Declaration of Indian Purpose, the first major, collective statement on tribal self-determination.
Representatives from the conference formally presented the declaration to President John F. Kennedy in a ceremony at the White House on August 5, 1962. The spirit of self-determination expressed in the document was a cornerstone of Native activism in the years that followed, including the Red Power movement and the expansion of Native American gaming.
After the White House gathering, the Indians met with Vice President Lyndon Johnson, Senator Sam J. Ervin, Jr., and Congressman Ben Reifel, himself of Lakota Indian ancestry and a founder of NCAI, in order to discuss a legislative program suggested by the Declaration of Indian Purpose.
| 2.734375
| 0
|
75668756
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20T.%20Shafer
|
William T. Shafer
|
William Thompson Shafer (February 17, 1825 – April 3, 1882) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1859 to 1861.
Early life
William Thompson Shafer was born on February 17, 1825, to Martha (née Neilor) and John Shafer. He learned the carpenter's trade. He went to school under Joseph C. Strode.
Career
Shafer worked as a teacher for several years. He worked in the mercantile business of Shafer's stand. He supporting his father as a clerk and, in 1849, he took over the store from his father.
Shafer was aide-de-camp for Governor James Pollock. In that role, he attained the rank of lieutenant colonel. He was a Republican and served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1859 to 1861. He served as school director and as auditor of West Pikeland Township.
Personal life
Shafer married Mary E. Evans, daughter of Abel Evans, in 1865. They had one child, Martha.
Shafer died on April 3, 1882, in West Pikeland Township. He was interred at Oaklands Cemetery in West Chester.
| 1.90625
| 0
|
75669787
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Lesevich
|
Vladimir Lesevich
|
Vladimir Viktorovich Lesevich (Ukrainian: Володимир Вікторович Лесевич, Russian: Владимир Викторович Лесевич; 27 January [O.S. 15 January] 1837 – 26 November 1905) was a Ukrainian-Russian philosopher and sociologist of the poitivist and later Empirio-Criticist school as well as an ethnographer, folklorist, literary historian and public figure.
Biography
Vladimir Viktorovich came from the Ukrainian Cossack noble family of Lesevich. Being orphaned from a young age, he was raised by his grandparents. After graduating from Kyiv Gymnasium he studied engineering at the Engineering Academy in Saint Petersburg until 1856. Between 1856 and 1859 he served as an officer in the Russian Army in an engineer battalion in the Caucasus, where he took part in combat operations in the Caucasusian War. He graduated from the General Staff Academy of the Russian Army in Saint Petersburg in 1861, but retired the following year and founded a school for Ukrainian farmers in his home village in 1864, with Ukrainian as the language of instruction. Because of this, the school administration closed the school again, which was widely publicized by the media at the time, both within the Russian Empire and internationally.
Throughout the 1860s he collaborated in the journals Otechestvennye zapiski and Vestnik Evropy. In the 1870s belonged to the circles of the St. Petersburg intelligentsia “Society of Sober Philosophers” and “Olkhinsky Club”. In 1875 he established the “Literary Fund named after. T. Shevchenko" and the "Ukrainian Publishing Society", in which he intended to publish books in the Ukrainian language, which was prohibited according to the Ems Ukaz. At the end of the decade he traveled to Germany and Great Britain, where he met the Russian philosopher Alexander Herzen in London.
| 2.078125
| 0
|
75670428
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucile%20Messageot
|
Lucile Messageot
|
Marguerite Françoise Lucie Messageot, or Lucile Franque (13 September 1780, Lons-le-Saunier - 23 May 1803, place unknown) was a French painter and author.
Biography
She was born to Jean-Joseph Messageot, a cavalry officer, and his wife Marie Françoise, née Clerc. Her sister Fanny was a novelist. While still very young, she began her studies with Pierre-Narcisse Guérin in Paris. Her first exhibit came in 1799, but ended poorly when her portrait of Anne-Louise-Francoise Delorme (1756-1825), who called herself "Princess" Stéphanie-Louise de Bourbon-Conti, was deemed politically subversive and removed from the exhibition.
For her second exhibition in 1802, she chose a subject taken from the poems of Ossian. This was inspired by her membership in a group known as the , or the "Primitives".
The group was created by Pierre-Maurice Quays, a student of Jacques-Louis David, and advocated a return to earlier, simpler artistic styles. In 1798, Jean-Pierre Franque was expelled from David's studio for his activities with the group, and he settled in with her in Chaillot. In 1800, they were joined by his brother Joseph, who had also been banned from the studio. Well-known figures from the world of arts and letters came to visit them, and she served as their muse.
In 1799, she and Jean-Pierre had a daughter, named Isis. They were married in January 1802, and she died of tuberculosis the following year.
She is the author of fragments of an Essay on the harmonies of melancholy and the arts, and of a poem, Le Tombeau d'Éléonore. A group portrait of her family is her only work in a public collection: the Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon.
| 2.15625
| 0
|
75671185
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Last%20Days%20at%20Forcados%20High%20School
|
The Last Days at Forcados High School
|
The Last Days at Forcados High School is a 2013 young adult novel by Nigerian author A. H. Mohammed. The narrative follows Jimi Solade, a student at Forcados High School in Lagos, and his experiences with various aspects of life. The novel discusses themes such as youth, friendship, parental roles, school roles, transition, and child abuse.
Plot summary
The narrative begins with Jimi Solade finding his brother Wole in his room. Wole has been disowned by their father due to financial misconduct. Jimi, despite his feelings for his brother, is wary of Wole's influence. Jimi goes to school with his friend and neighbour Ansa, who is an artist. Jimi performs well in school and sports, and is close with Nene Ekpo, a girl who has feelings for him.
A new student, Efua Coker, joins the senior class at Forcados High School. She keeps to herself and attracts attention from many boys, including Jimi, but rejects their advances. She becomes friends with Nene, who tries to introduce her to Jimi and Ansa, but Efua remains indifferent. Efua reveals that she has moved from several schools due to her past. She was abused by her stepfather, and defended herself by stabbing him. Her mother, a businesswoman, did not believe her, and sent her to various boarding schools. Efua has a scar on her face, which she hides with her hair.
Jimi's mother dies from ovarian cancer. His father, often away on business trips, leaves some money for him and Wole, and leaves again. Wole, involved in illegal activities, introduces Jimi to smoking and drinking. Jimi becomes depressed and rebellious, and his school performance suffers. He also distances himself from his friends, especially Nene, who is hurt and jealous of his interest in Efua.
| 2.109375
| 0
|
75671809
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea%20pulchella
|
Nymphaea pulchella
|
Nymphaea pulchella is a species of waterlily native to the regions spanning from Central and Southern Mexico to Brazil, as well as from the Bahamas to the Virgin Islands, including St. Croix.
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Nymphaea pulchella is an aquatic herb with cylindrical to subglobose tubers. The elliptic, suborbicular to orbicular leaves have a sinuate to dentate margin. The veins show minimal prominence on the abaxial leaf surface.
Generative characteristics
The diurnal flowers can extend up to 20 cm above the water surface. They are held up by glabrous, brownish, non-brittle peduncles with six primary central and 12-13 secondary peripheral air canals. The androecium consists of 43-80 stamens. The ellipsoid, smooth, hispid seeds have trichomes arranged in continuous longitudinal lines.
Reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
Proliferating pseudanthia are absent.
Generative reproduction
It is autogamous, but reproduction is more fruitful in the presence of pollinators. Flowering and fruiting occurs throughout the year. Generative reproduction is the main mode of reproduction.
Taxonomy
Publication
It was first described by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1821.
Placement within Nymphaea
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Brachyceras.
Etymology
The specific epithet pulchella means "beautiful" or "pretty".
Conservation
In Puerto Rico, USA, it faces habitat destruction.
Ecology
Habitat
It occurs in freshwater habitats, such as lakes, ponds, lagoons, streams, and temporary puddles.
Pollination
The bee species Trigona spinipes is an effective pollinator of Nymphaea pulchella. In some cases, the bees coated in pollen fall into the stigmatic fluid and die. The flowers are also visited by the bee species Apis mellifera, as well as flies.
Herbivory
The bee species Trigona spinipes is florivorous, i.e. it consumes parts of the flowers of Nymphaea pulchella.
| 2.703125
| 0
|
75672404
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily%20M.%20J.%20Cooley
|
Emily M. J. Cooley
|
Emily M. J. Cooley ( Jones; 1831–1917) was an American religious and temperance leader affiliated with the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (W.C.T.U.) and the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
Early life and education
Emily Maria Jones was born in Lima, New York, November 1, 1831. Her parents were Henry W. Jones (1798–1854) and Mary Alma (Mott) Jones (1813–1870). Her maternal ancestry was of the French nobility who came to New Jersey and found a place where they could practice their religion peacefully. Many of the descendants became distinguished soldiers during the American Revolutionary War. On her father's side, she was descended from the Puritans of 1636. They settled in North Adams, Massachusetts. Emily's siblings included Harriet, Porter, Amanda, William, Benjamin, John, Sarah, Porter, Helen, Marion, and Mary.
Till the age of 16, she attended the public schools, and then was a student for a year each in Buffalo, New York, in Rochester, New York, and at Aurora Academy, later Wells College, in Aurora, New York.
Career
She was for five years a teacher in Buffalo.
In 1851, she married Rev. Rufus Cooley Jr. (1826–1894), of the Methodist Episcopal Church, a graduate in Meadville, Pennsylvania. The couple had two children: Alice and Henry.
For one year, she served as preceptor of Cooperstown Seminary in Cooperstown, New York.
They moved to Wisconsin in 1862, and she began her public work in the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society. She was for several years vice-president of the society in Wisconsin Conference of the M. E. Church and organized many auxiliaries.
Her temperance work was begun in 1869, continuing for the cause of prohibition even in her later years.
| 2.171875
| 0
|
75672553
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%20Horace%20St%20Paul%2C%202nd%20Baronet
|
Sir Horace St Paul, 2nd Baronet
|
Sir Horace St Paul, 2nd Baronet (29 December 1812 – 1891) was a British landowner and politician, who represented East Worcestershire in Parliament between 1837 and 1841.
Horace St Paul was born on 29 December 1812, the only son of Horace St Paul, MP for Bridport, and Anna Maria, the illegitimate daughter of John Ward, 2nd Viscount Dudley and Ward. His father inherited a title as a count of the Austrian Empire that same year and was awarded the title of baronet in 1813. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford.
St Paul contested East Worcestershire as a Conservative at the 1835 general election, when he was narrowly defeated by two Whig candidates, and again at the 1837 general election, when he was returned along with another Conservative. The 1837 election was said to have cost him around £16,000. He stood down at the 1841 general election due to ill health.
On his father's death in October 1840 he inherited an estate of over £100,000, together with the Austrian countship and the baronetcy. He owned property at Ellowes Hall near Dudley and Ewart Park near Wooler, Northumberland. He married Jane Eliza Grey in 1867, and had one daughter, Maria, born 1868. He died 28 May 1891, when the baronetcy became extinct.
| 2.1875
| 0
|
75672726
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec%20Challenge%20Cup
|
Quebec Challenge Cup
|
History
The Quebec Curling Club bought a silver trophy meant to "foster inter-club play" among clubs in the Dominion of Canada on January 19, 1874, for $400 or $700. The first competition was held on February 16, 1874, and involved playing 18 ends with iron stones, instead of the granite rocks used in today's curling. The host Quebec Curling Club team, skipped by William Barbour and William Brodie defeated the Montreal Caledonian Club skipped by W. McGibbon and W. Wilson, 56–37 (Barbour defeated McGibbon 23–19, and Brodie defeated Wilson 33–18). The following season, the two clubs faced off again on January 19 with the same skips. The Quebec Club retained the title, defeating Caledonia 58–38 (Wilson winning 23–21 over Brodie and Barbour winning 37–13 over McGibbon). Nine days later, the Caledonian Club finally won the trophy, beating Quebec by a single point, 46–45. The Montreal Thistle Club then won it before Quebec took it back before the end of the season. In its history, the cup has been challenged for over 1000 times. For the 1000th challenge, instead of the regular challenger versus defender game, the event featured eight clubs from the OVCA competing against eight clubs from Quebec, with Quebec winning by a combined score of 70 to 56.
Traditions
The cup involves many alcohol traditions. One such noted tradition is that following the match, the cup is filled with a rusty nail cocktail (Scotch and Drambuie) and passed between competitors. Following the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, this tradition has been altered, with the drink being poured out into glasses for each competitor instead. Another tradition involves taking a break after five ends to drink, and having the team's leads take a shot of scotch before the game. The host also provides a post-game dinner for both teams.
| 2.125
| 0
|
75672946
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea%20carpentariae
|
Nymphaea carpentariae
|
Nymphaea carpentariae is a species of waterlily native to Queensland and Western Australia.
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Nymphaea carpentariae is a perennial plant with 4 cm wide, globose to elongate rhizomes. The 45 cm wide, orbicular-elliptic leaves have dentate margins.
Generative characteristics
The fragrant flowers rise up to 40 cm above the water surface. The androecium consists of 150-300 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 7-19 carpels. The 4 cm wide, globose fruits bear spherical too elongate-sherical, 2–3.5 mm long, and 2mm wide seeds with continuous rows of 0.1-0.15 mm long trichomes.
Cytology
The chromosome count is n = ~42. The genome size is 1447.44 Mb.
Taxonomy
Publication
It was first described by Surrey Wilfrid Laurance Jacobs and Carl Barre Hellquist in 2006.
Type specimen
The type specimen was collected by Jacobs and Hellquist in Burketown, Queensland, Australia on the 18th of April 2005.
Placement within Nymphaea
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya.
Etymology
The specific epithet carpentariae references the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia.
Conservation
The NCA status of Nymphaea carpentariae is Special Least Concern. According to the Western Australia Conservation status, it is a poorly-known species (P1).
Ecology
Habitat
It is found in lagoons, and in billabongs.
Cultivation
It has a named cultivar Nymphaea carpentariae "Julia Leu".
| 2.34375
| 0
|
75673054
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucja%20Rucinska
|
Lucja Rucinska
|
Lucja Miller Rucinska (1817, 1818, or 1820 - 6 August 1882) was a Polish composer and pianist who lived in Ukraine for many years. She published and performed under the name Lucja Rucinska.
Rucinska’s father was the Polish lawyer Ignacy Miller. She married the poet and dissident Justynian Rucinski on 4 May 1838. That September, Justynian was arrested in Kiev. He was deported to Siberia in February 1839, and ultimately spent 25 years in exile from Poland. In 1842 he and Rucinska moved to Turin, Italy, where she gave music and dance lessons to help support the family.
Rucinska later lived in Zytomierz, Ukraine, for many years, where she accompanied the violinist Andrzej Janowicz and taught piano. Her students included Juliusz Zarebski.
In 1852, Rucinska edited A Musical Album for the Piano which was published in St. Petersburg, Russia. It contained 18 compositions, including her own, as well as works by the composers Dobrzyński (Ignacy Dobrzyński or his sons), Kazimierz Lubomirski (1813-1871), Stanislaw Moniuszko, and Maria Szymanowska, among others. During the 1860s, Rucinska returned to Zytomierz.
Rucinska’s works, all for piano, were published by Gebethner. Her publications included:
A Musical Album for the Piano
Mazurka
Polonaise, opus 4
Souvenir a Mes Amis
| 2.40625
| 0
|
75673172
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebhard%20Sch%C3%A4dler
|
Gebhard Schädler
|
Josef Gebhard Schädler (21 September 1776 – 20 November 1842) was a surgeon from Liechtenstein.
Early life
Schädler was born on 21 September 1776 as the son of surgeon Johann Georg Gebhard Schädler and his mother Maria Sabine Bayer as one of three children. He attended high school in Feldkirch and from 1796 to 1798 he studied medicine in the University of Freiburg, where he received a master's degree in surgery.
Career
Schädler fought as a member of the 20-man Liechtenstein volunteer corps against the French during the War of the First Coalition, where he was wounded in 1797. From 1799 to 1801 he was a regimental surgeon of a Graubünden regiment in the Netherlands.
He was the first academically trained doctor in Liechtenstein and opened his own medical practice in Eschen in 1801, later in Nendeln. From 1802 he was a regional doctor in Unterland and from 1809 to 1842 he was state physicist. Due to this, he moved to Vaduz as it had been assigned to him as his official residence. He built a private medical library and fought against quackery in the medical field, where on his initiative compulsory smallpox vaccinations were introduced for Liechtenstein citizens in 1812. Schädler was the first doctor to provide obstetrics and train midwives in the country, as well as treat poor sick people and royal officials in addition to medical examinations for the Liechtenstein military.
In 1842, he retired to Bendern with his son Karl Schädler taking over his medical practice, where he died on 20 November 1842, aged 66 years old.
Personal life
Schädler married Maria Katharina Hasler (1 January 1784 – 3 November 1861) in 1803 and they had nine children together. His son Karl Schädler took over his medical practice and was President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1862 to 1870.
| 2.015625
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75673342
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faculty%20of%20Archaeology%2C%20Warsaw
|
Faculty of Archaeology, Warsaw
|
Archaeology at University of Warsaw has been famous of existence of "warsaw school" in Slavic archaeology (Witold Hensel, Włodziemirz Antoniewicz), and Mediterranean Archaeology (Kazimierz Michałowski)
1975–2020 (Institute of Archaeology)
In 1975 the Departments of Prehistoric and Early Medieval Archaeology, Papyrology and Mediterranean Archaeology were merged to form the Institute of Archaeology, as a part of Faculty of History at the University of Warsaw, with Waldemar Chmielewski as its first director. The institute was appointed from three departments: Prehistoric and Early Medieval Archaeology, Papyrology, and Mediterranean Archaeology, and then divided into seven sections.
Afterwards, former Anthropological Laboratory at the Chair of the Prehistorical Archaeology (1960–1976) was changed to Department of Historical Anthropology
The institute contained the following structure: Department of Prehistoric Archaeology (headed by Stefan Karol Kozłowski), Department of Archaeology of Ancient Europe (Jerzy Okulicz), Department of Early Medieval Archaeology (Zofia Wartołowska), Department of Archaeology of Ancient Greece and Rome (Anna Sadurska), Department of Near Eastern Archaeology (Michał Gawlikowski), Department of Papyrology (Anna Świderkówna) and Department of Historical Anthropology (Andrzej Wierciński). Alongside to the institute a Department of Archaeological Research on Polish Medieaval times of Warsaw University of Technology and University of Warsaw, which was headed by Zofia Wartołowska. Later this entity was changed into Department of Archaeological Excavations of Institute of Archaeology headed by Ryszard Mazurowski.
| 2.09375
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75673427
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tip%20on%20a%20Dead%20Jockey%20and%20Other%20Stories
|
Tip on a Dead Jockey and Other Stories
|
Critical appraisal
Literary critic James R. Giles reports that the stories in Tip on a Dead Jockey expose "a disturbing shift in focus and emphasis" in Shaw's thematic concerns. Giles attributes this to Shaw's increasing personal wealth and his association with affluent Americans expatriates in Europe in the post-war period: "t has become commonplace to assert that in leaving America Shaw turned his back on the cultural roots essential to the vitality of his writing." As such, Shaw's work became "less representative" of working class struggles dramatized in works informed by the Great Depression.
Theme
Shaw's "voluntary exile" from the United States and his extended sojourn in Paris, France may have been prompted by The Red Scare and the "McCarthy witch hunts" of the 1950s. Shaw ultimately resided for 25 years in Paris, during which "he began to write a new kind of short story."
Giles notes that "these expatriate stories largely abandon the social protest underlying his earlier fiction."
Rather than making overtures to his readership to embrace an enlightened leadership, Shaw abandoned these ideals with the rise of the anti-Communism campaign led by the advocates of McCarthyism in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Giles writes:
Footnotes
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75674284
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Piacenza%20%28217%20BC%29
|
Battle of Piacenza (217 BC)
|
The Battle of Piacenza, which took place in January 217 B.C. during the Second Punic War, represented a double clash of secondary importance between the army of the consul Tiberius Sempronius Longus and the Carthaginian army led by Hannibal. This occurred following Hannibal's victories at the Ticinus.
Background
In December 218 B.C., approximately ten thousand Romans who survived the defeat at the Trebia retreated to the fortified city of Piacenza, They successfully defended the city against an attack by Hannibal's cavalry.
Battle
After a brief wintering, Hannibal, unable to cross the Apennines due to harsh weather, returned to Piacenza, where Consul Tiberius Sempronius Longus had recently arrived. Hannibal deployed with twelve thousand infantry and five thousand cavalry. The consul left the city, initiating the battle. Initially, the Romans had the advantage, pushing the Carthaginians back into their camp and beginning a siege. Hannibal, leaving only a few troops in the entrenchment, regrouped the majority toward the center with orders not to move. Frustrated in their attempts to take the camp by force, the Romans eventually withdrew. Hannibal counterattacked with cavalry on both flanks and personally led his elite troops in the center. A bloody combat ensued, halted by nightfall.
Aftermath
According to Livy, the losses were balanced, with 600 infantry and 300 cavalry casualties on each side. However, the Romans suffered the loss of several knights, five military tribunes, and three allied prefects. Following this inconclusive clash, both parties abandoned the Po Valley. Sempronius retreated to Lucca, while Hannibal headed to Liguria.
| 2.9375
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75674646
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BAlia%20Rajk
|
Júlia Rajk
|
On 6 October 1956, László Rajk was buried at Kerepesi Cemetery in Budapest. Júlia Rajk attended, as well as Imre Nagy, leading a 300 000 person march. The event was a prelude to the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 which started at the end of that same month. Rajk was in Berlin at the start of the events, and only returned to Budapest on 2 November. Imre Nagy chose her for new Information Minister Géza Losonczy's team. As the Soviet Army occupied the city on 4 November, Júlia Rajk sought shelter at the Yugoslav Embassy, along with her son, and requested political asylum; she was brought to Snagov, in Romania, with other members of Nagy's team. She was freed in 1958. From then she worked at rehabilitating Imre Nagy, took part in the first NGO to be authorised in Hungary since 1951 (a dog shelter), and promoted access to abortion.
Besides her activism, she worked at the national archives of Hungary until she retired. She died of cancer in 1981.
Posterity
Hungarian historian Andrea Petö published a monograph and several research articles based on interviews of Júlia Rajk's son and part of her archives, as well as journal sources of the era.
| 1.992188
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75674683
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Georgia%20%28region%29
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South Georgia (region)
|
South Georgia is a seventeen-county region in the U.S. state of Georgia, with a 2020 population of 292,759. The most populated county in the region is Laurens County, which had a 2020 census population of 49,570. The Dublin micropolitan area had a population of 65,903 in 2020. Largest cities in the region: Dublin (pop. 16,047), Vidalia (pop. 10,794), Jesup (pop. 9,807), Swainsboro (pop. 7,562), McRae-Helena (pop. 6,254), Eastman (pop. 5,655).
Geography
South Georgia, according to the Georgia Department of Economic Development, consists of the following counties: Appling, Bleckley, Candler, Dodge, Emanuel, Evans, Jeff Davis, Johnson, Laurens, Montgomery, Tattnall, Telfair, Toombs, Treutlen, Wayne, Wheeler, and Wilcox.
Demographics
Tabulating South Georgia's counties according to the 2020 U.S. census, the region had a population of 292,759, making it one of Georgia's least-populated regions statewide.
In terms of religious affiliation, Christianity is the largest religion in South Georgia. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives in 2020, Baptists formed the largest Christian tradition for the region, being part of the Bible Belt. The largest Christian denominations were the Southern Baptist Convention, United Methodist Church, Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee), National Missionary Baptist Convention of America, and the Catholic Church in the United States. Overall, non-denominational Protestants were the second-largest collective Christian tradition in South Georgia.
Non-Christian religions accounted for a minority in South Georgia, with Buddhism being the second-largest religion, followed by the Baha'i Faith.
Economy
The South Georgia region's economy is primarily stimulated by agriculture and Southeastern Technical College.
Transportation
Interstate 16
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75674975
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed%20circuit%20board%20manufacturing
|
Printed circuit board manufacturing
|
Micro vias
When vias with a diameter smaller than 76.2 micrometers are required, drilling with mechanical bits is impossible because of high rates of wear and breakage. In this case, the vias may be laser drilled—evaporated by lasers. Laser-drilled vias typically have an inferior surface finish inside the hole. These holes are called micro vias and can have diameters as small as 10 micrometers.
Blind and buried vias
It is also possible with controlled-depth drilling, laser drilling, or by pre-drilling the individual sheets of the PCB before lamination, to produce holes that connect only some of the copper layers, rather than passing through the entire board. These holes are called blind vias when they connect an internal copper layer to an outer layer, or buried vias when they connect two or more internal copper layers and no outer layers. Laser drilling machines can drill thousands of holes per second and can use either UV or lasers.
The hole walls for boards with two or more layers can be made conductive and then electroplated with copper to form plated-through holes. These holes electrically connect the conducting layers of the PCB.
Smear
For multi-layer boards, those with three layers or more, drilling typically produces a smear of the high temperature decomposition products of bonding agent in the laminate system. Before the holes can be plated through, this smear must be removed by a chemical de-smear process, or by Plasma etching. The de-smear process ensures that a good connection is made to the copper layers when the hole is plated through. On high reliability boards a process called etch-back is performed chemically with a potassium permanganate based etchant or plasma etching. The etch-back removes resin and the glass fibers so that the copper layers extend into the hole and as the hole is plated become integral with the deposited copper.
Plating and coating
Proper plating or surface finish selection can be critical to process yield, the amount of rework, field failure rate, and reliability.
| 2.40625
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75674975
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed%20circuit%20board%20manufacturing
|
Printed circuit board manufacturing
|
PCBs may be plated with solder, tin, or gold over nickel.
After PCBs are etched and then rinsed with water, the solder mask is applied, and then any exposed copper is coated with solder, nickel/gold, or some other anti-corrosion coating.
It is important to use solder compatible with both the PCB and the parts used. An example is ball grid array (BGA) using tin-lead solder balls for connections losing their balls on bare copper traces or using lead-free solder paste.
Other platings used are organic solderability preservative (OSP), immersion silver (IAg), immersion tin (ISn), electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) coating, electroless nickel electroless palladium immersion gold (ENEPIG), and direct gold plating (over nickel). Edge connectors, placed along one edge of some boards, are often nickel-plated then gold-plated using ENIG. Another coating consideration is rapid diffusion of coating metal into tin solder. Tin forms intermetallics such as Cu6Sn5 and Ag3Cu that dissolve into the Tin liquidus or solidus (at 50 °C), stripping surface coating or leaving voids.
Electrochemical migration (ECM) is the growth of conductive metal filaments on or in a printed circuit board (PCB) under the influence of a DC voltage bias. Silver, zinc, and aluminum are known to grow whiskers under the influence of an electric field. Silver also grows conducting surface paths in the presence of halide and other ions, making it a poor choice for electronics use. Tin will grow "whiskers" due to tension in the plated surface. Tin-lead or solder plating also grows whiskers, only reduced by reducing the percentage of tin. Reflow to melt solder or tin plate to relieve surface stress lowers whisker incidence. Another coating issue is tin pest, the transformation of tin to a powdery allotrope at low temperature.
Solder resist application
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75674975
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed%20circuit%20board%20manufacturing
|
Printed circuit board manufacturing
|
Protection and packaging
PCBs intended for extreme environments often have a conformal coating, which is applied by dipping or spraying after the components have been soldered. The coat prevents corrosion and leakage currents or shorting due to condensation. The earliest conformal coats were wax; modern conformal coats are usually dips of dilute solutions of silicone rubber, polyurethane, acrylic, or epoxy. Another technique for applying a conformal coating is for plastic to be sputtered onto the PCB in a vacuum chamber. The chief disadvantage of conformal coatings is that servicing of the board is rendered extremely difficult.
Many assembled PCBs are static sensitive, and therefore they must be placed in antistatic bags during transport. When handling these boards, the user must be grounded (earthed). Improper handling techniques might transmit an accumulated static charge through the board, damaging or destroying components. The damage might not immediately affect function but might lead to early failure later on, cause intermittent operating faults, or cause a narrowing of the range of environmental and electrical conditions under which the board functions properly.
| 2.484375
| 0
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75675184
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack%20on%20Tichla%20%281979%29
|
Attack on Tichla (1979)
|
The Attack on Tichla took place on July 12, 1979, in the town of Tichla, in Western Sahara. It marked the final engagement between Mauritania and Polisario before the peace treaty in Algiers and Mauritania's withdrawal from the Western Sahara War.
Background
On 10 July 1978, facing a severe economic crisis due to the cost of the war, the regime of Moktar Ould Daddah was overthrown by Colonel Moustapha Ould Mohamed Saleck and his National Recovery Military Committee (CMRN), later renamed the National Salvation Military Committee (CMSN). Immediately after this coup d'état, the Polisario declared a unilateral ceasefire, assuming that Mauritania intended to peacefully withdraw from the conflict. However, mindful of maintaining his country's alliance with Morocco, negotiations between Mauritania and the Polisario stalled. Meanwhile, Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly overthrew Moustapha Ould Mohamed Saleck's government The attack occurs on the eve of the Organization of African Unity conference in Monrovia, where a resolution regarding the Western Sahara war is expected to emerge.
Battle
On 12 July 1979, the Polisario broke the ceasefire and captured the town of Tichla, causing heavy casualties among the Mauritanian garrison.
| 2.40625
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75675193
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York%20Minster%20fire
|
York Minster fire
|
The York Minster fire was a blaze that caused severe destruction to the south transept of York Minster, in the city of York, England, on 9 July 1984. Believed to have been started by a lightning strike, the roof burnt for three hours between 1:00 and 4:00 am before it was made to collapse by the fire brigade to stop it spreading to other parts of the minster. It took over £2.25 million to repair the damage, and a rededication ceremony was held in October 1988.
Background
York Minster is a major landmark within the City of York and is considered to be one of Europe's finest Gothic buildings. The building is a significant tourist attraction for York, having over 706,000 people visiting in 2019 (numbers lessened in 2020 due to the effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns). The minster at York has been beset by five fires:
In 1753, a fire in the south transept was blamed on workmen burning coals
In 1829, Jonathan Martin set fire to the choir using torn up hymnbooks and kindling made from the pews
In 1840, a fire broke out in the south nave roof after a candle had been left unattended
In 1971, a fire broke out in the north-west tower when a tarpaulin caught fire
In 1984, the roof of the south transept was destroyed in a fire most likely caused by a lightning strike
Although originally a Norman structure, all of the above ground building has been built since Norman times, and the roof has been renovated and strengthened over the intervening centuries.
| 2.265625
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75675193
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York%20Minster%20fire
|
York Minster fire
|
The most likely explanation, that of a lightning strike, was accepted to be the cause, and a storm with light rain had occurred over the Minster during the night of the 8 and 9 July 1984. It is thought that the fire burned for 90 minutes before detection, making the start time around 1:00 am on 9 July. Consideration had been given to the idea of arson, but the roof space where the fire started was difficult to get into and the last member of the public in the vicinity left that part of the minster at 7:30 pm the evening before (some five-and-a-half hours before the predicted start of the fire). The fire brigade report concluded that lightning was most likely the cause ("80% probable"), with both arson and an electrical fault being given a 10% chance each.
Reconstruction
By the morning after the fire, the debris lay on the south transept floor to a depth of . Although in a ruinous state, the collapse of the otherwise cramped roof and vault area allowed for the first detailed archaeological study for some time, and each charred timber was measured, catalogued and kept in storage.
| 2.171875
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75675313
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen%20Jones%20Ellis%20Nanney
|
Owen Jones Ellis Nanney
|
Major Owen Jones Ellis Nanney (27 September 1790 - 27 October 1870) was a Welsh politician, who very briefly represented Carnarvon Boroughs in Parliament in 1833.
He was born Owen Jones, and adopted the Ellis Nanney (or Ellis-Nanney) surnames on inheriting an estate from his uncle.
Standing as a Tory, Nanney contested the Carnarvon District of Boroughs seat (now Caernarfon) at the 1832 general election, the first after it had been expanded by the Reform Act 1832. He was initially recorded as defeated by Sir Charles Paget, the Whig incumbent, with a small majority. Nanney brought an election petition challenging some of the votes, which was found in his favour on 6 March, and he took his seat on 8 March. However, a counter-petition was then brought, alleging that the votes were indeed valid. After scrutiny, Paget was again declared elected on 22 May, and Nanney lost his seat.
He contested Carnarvon Boroughs in the 1835 general election, but was unsuccessful.
His only son, Hugh Ellis-Nanney (1845-1920), ran for Parliament unsuccessfully on a number of occasions, and was created a baronet in 1897.
| 2.21875
| 0
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75675455
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxneriopsis
|
Oxneriopsis
|
Oxneriopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens.
Taxonomy
The genus was circumscribed in 2017 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Dalip Kumar Upreti, and Jae-Seoun Hur, with Oxneriopsis oxneri assigned as the type species. The genus name honours the Ukrainian lichenologist Alfred Mycolayovych Oxner (1898–1973).
Description
Oxneriopsis features crustose lichens with a thallus that can be continuous, cracked, or divided into small, isolated units (). Often, this thallus forms vegetative reproductive structures (propagules), known as or , which are typically bright yellow or greenish-yellow, contrasting with the greyish or greenish-grey background of the main thallus.
Their fruiting bodies () vary from (with a ) to (without a thalline margin), and exhibit a range of colours from yellow and orange-brown to dark brown or even blackish brown. The thalline margin of the apothecia is usually a striking bright yellow. The hymenium, the tissue layer containing the spore-producing asci, is interspersed with oil. Each ascus typically contains eight spores that are (having two distinct chambers) and hyaline (translucent). The conidia (asexual spores) of Oxneriopsis are rod-shaped (), measuring between 2.5 and 3.5 μm in length and 0.8 to 1 μm in width.
Chemically, the genus is noted for the presence of fragilin in some species, but the chemical composition across all species within the genus is not thoroughly studied.
Species
Oxneriopsis bassiae
Oxneriopsis oxneri
Oxneriopsis taehaensis
Oxneriopsis yeosuensis
| 2.453125
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75675716
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegfried%20of%20Ballhausen
|
Siegfried of Ballhausen
|
Siegfried of Ballhausen (or Balnhusen) was a priest of Ballhausen who wrote a universal history in Latin. His history is known from two versions. The original Historia universalis was completed in 1304, but he later revised it and continued it down to 1306 under the title Compendium historiarum. The autograph manuscripts of both versions survive.
Both versions are divided into three parts. The first two are devoted to antiquity, mainly the Old Testament and New Testament periods. This includes a list of Roman emperors and kings of the Romans down to Albert I and a list of popes down to Benedict XI (Historia) or Clement V (Compendium). The third part covers Christian history. In this section, increasingly particular attention is paid to Siegfried's homeland of Thuringia. The works marks the beginning of the "Thuringian historical tradition".
In titling his first edition Historia universalis, Siegfried coined the term "universal history". In opting for a less ambitious title for his revision, he seemingly recognized that his work was not truly universal.
There is no complete modern edition, that of being complete only from 1140 onwards.
| 2.171875
| 0
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75676041
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pania%20Tyson-Nathan
|
Pania Tyson-Nathan
|
Toluma'anave Dame Pania Tyson-Nathan is a New Zealand businesswoman who has served as the chief executive officer of New Zealand Māori Tourism since 2008. During her tenure, the value of the Māori tourism sector has increased from about $500 million to almost $2 billion.
Of Māori and Scottish descent, Tyson-Nathan affiliates to Ngāti Rongomaiwahine and grew up in the Hawke's Bay. She says that she inherited her work ethic from her parents, both of whom were local business owners in the region.
In the 2018 New Year Honours, Tyson-Nathan was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to services to Māori and business. She was promoted to Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to Māori and business, in the 2024 New Year Honours.
In 2018, Tyson-Nathan received the University of Auckland's Māori Woman Business Leader award. At the 2020 Matariki Awards, she won Te Tupu-ā-Nuku award for business and innovation, and the following year she was named as one of the top 50 global tourism innovators. In 2022, Tyson-Nathan was inducted into the New Zealand Business Hall of Fame.
| 1.992188
| 0
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68459074
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ise%20Kokubun-ji
|
Ise Kokubun-ji
|
The history of this temple is very uncertain. It is believed to have been built in 741 AD, soon after the order to build the kokubunji temples in each province was issued. The area had been dominated by the Oshika clan since the Kofun period and there are many ancient burial mounds in the vicinity. In 809 AD, it was recorded that the priest of the Shima Kokubun-ji was ordered to be transferred to the Ise Kokubun-ji. The temple reappears in the Engishiki records in 927 AD, but it then disappears from the historical record. In 1186, Minamoto no Yoritomo ordered that the shugo in each province on the Tōkaidō repair the kokubunji in their respective territories, but no mention is made in the order of the Ise Kokubun-ji. According to one account, the ruins of the South Gate were still standing until the Sengoku period. Edo Period maps, such as the "Map of Famous Places of the Tokaido" from the Kansei era (1789-1801) give the place name of "kokubunji", but make no mention that a temple existed, and a traveller's amount from the Horeki era (1751-1764) mentions that roof tiles could be found scattered in the area. Although the site was proclaimed a National Historic Site in 1921, the first archaeological excavation did not take place until 1988, and during the interim traces of an earthen rampart on the west and south edges of the site were destroyed despite their "protected" status. From 1988 to 2009, 35 excavations have been conducted.
| 2.28125
| 0
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68459432
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20A.%20Hood
|
David A. Hood
|
David A. Hood is a Canadian professor, exercise physiologist, and Director of the Muscle Health Research Centre at York University. A holder of an NSERC Tier I Canada Research Chair in Cell Physiology, Hood is credited with making significant research advances in understanding of the biology of exercise, mitochondria and muscle health.
Education
Hood attended Fisher Park High School in Ottawa. Hood received his Bachelor's degree of Physical Education from Queen’s University in 1979 and his Master's degree of Science from Dalhousie University in 1981. He defended his Ph.D. dissertation in Physiology at the State University of New York Health Science Center at Syracuse in 1986. Hood then spent two years as a Post-Doctoral Fellow at the University of Konstanz in Germany.
Career
Following his Postdoctoral fellowship, Hood joined York University’s School of Kinesiology and Health Science, and the Department of Biology (Faculty of Graduate Studies) as an Assistant Professor in 1988. Hood became an Associate Professor in 1992, and Full Professor in 1999.
Hood is the founding director, since 2009, of York University’s Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC).
| 2.078125
| 0
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68459766
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triamyxa
|
Triamyxa
|
Triamyxa is an extinct genus of myxophagan beetle in the monotypic family Triamyxidae from the Carnian stage of Late Triassic, approximately 230 million years ago. It was found in the Keuper Claystone of Poland. The type species is Triamyxa coprolithica and it was identified from specimens found in the coprolite ZPAL AbIII/3520, likely belonging to the dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis. Because Triamyxa specimens were found inside coprolites, this may offer a new method of finding insect fossils aside from amber. It is currently the oldest known member of Myxophaga. It was interpreted as either the most basal member of Myxophaga, or a sister group to Hydroscaphidae.
The specimens were preserved in 3D, with their legs and antennae intact and Triamyxa was likely consumed on by accident by Silesaurus while eating other animals, likely larger insects, and the specimens were likely not chewed much, which explains why one Triamyxa specimen was intact and the rest were fragmentary and Triamyxa was also probably present in the environment in large numbers, likely feeding on algal mats in freshwater bodies, similar to modern myxophagans.
| 2.28125
| 0
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68459862
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadu%20Bello%20Kagara
|
Muhammadu Bello Kagara
|
Muhammadu Bello Kagara (1890 - 1971) was an educator, a writer and a royalist. He wrote the famous book novel known as Gandoki, the novel is a manuscript written during a literature bureau competition organized in 1933 by Rupert East. His book Ganɗoki was considered either first or second book to be published in the entire Northern Nigeria, the first or the second being Ruwan Bagaja by Abubakar Imam.
Early life
Kagara was born to the family of the Alkali (chief judge) of Kagara, called Shehu Usman. When he was a young boy, his parents fled Kontagora alongside Sarkin Sudan Nagwamatse to prevent themselves from occupying British force, to be under their control.
Education
Kagara was once a student at Nassarawa School, later on, after his graduation, he taught Islamic religious and Arabic studies at Katsina College (now Barewa College) until 1945. Prior to joining the college, he taught at the Zaria Provincial School (Alhudahuda College).
Work
Later on in his career, he was given a royal title of his father, known as the wali or Daneji of Katsina and he became the traditional chief judge "Alkali" in Katsina native authority.
| 2.375
| 0
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68460149
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald%20Mastick
|
Donald Mastick
|
On August 1, 1944, Mastick and his laboratory partner, Arthur Wahl, were working with a vial containing 10 milligrams of plutonium chloride dissolved in an acid solution when the vial exploded. Gases had built up in the vial overnight, most likely through the dissociation of water molecules due to alpha radiation from the plutonium. Mastick tasted some of the acid in his mouth, so he knew that he had ingested some plutonium. Mastick replaced the vial in its wooden container, and went to see Dr. Louis Hempelmann, the director of the Health Group at Los Alamos. Hempelmann phoned Colonel Stafford L. Warren, the Manhattan Project's medical director, at the Clinton Engineer Works in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Mastick's face was scrubbed, but his skin remained contaminated with a microgram of plutonium. Hempelmann gave him a mouthwash of trisodium citrate, which would combine with the plutonium to form a soluble liquid, and sodium bicarbonate, which would make it solid again. This removed most of the plutonium. Nonetheless, for days afterwards his breath could make the needle on an ionization chamber go off the scale, even from away. Hempelmann used a stomach pump to retrieve plutonium that had been swallowed, which recovered about 60 nanograms of plutonium. Urine assays indicated that less than 1 microgram remained in his body. Some was still detectable 30 years later.
Unable to work in the Chemistry Division any more because of the accident, Mastick suggested to Oppenheimer that he become an assistant to Commander Frederick Ashworth. Mastick initially served as Ashworth's administrative assistant, but soon became involved in the drop-testing of pumpkin bombs in the Salton Sea, Silverplate modifications to the Boeing B-29 Superfortress to carry nuclear weapons, and modifications to the casing and tail configurations of the bombs themselves. He also investigated the inadvertent dropping of Little Boy due to a faulty electrical circuit.
| 2.375
| 0
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68460615
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soraya%20Dhillon
|
Soraya Dhillon
|
Soraya Dhillon MBE holds the title professor emeritus at the University of Hertfordshire known for her work in the field of clinical pharmacokinetics, drug handling, patient safety, and the evaluation of the role of the pharmacist in health care. She is a fellow of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society.
Education and career
Dhillon studied pharmacy at undergraduate level, before earning her PhD in clinical pharmacology from the University of London in 1981. In 1989 she developed one of the first clinical pharmacokinetic services at Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow. In 1993, she moved to the London School of Pharmacy as a clinical pharmacist. In 2004 Dhillon was appointed head of a new School of Pharmacy at the University of Hertfordshire, and during her time in this position she implemented postgraduate programmes for pharmacy education. As of 2021, she is Professor Emeritus in Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Hertfordshire.
Research
Dhillon's Ph.D. research examined the interactions between drugs used to treat epilepsy. Her subsequent work centered on improving how medicines are prescribed to patients and training of new pharmacists.
Selected publications
Honors and awards
Dhillon was named a fellow of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS). In 2007, she was awarded an MBE, the first University of Hertfordshire academic to receive this honour. In 2008, Dhillon received the Royal Pharmaceutical Society Charter Gold Medal.
| 1.992188
| 0
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68460702
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Arnell
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Peter Arnell
|
Peter Eric Arnell (born April 22, 1958) is an American designer and branding executive, author, photographer, and founder of Arnell Group. He is known for creating products, brands and campaigns for companies including Chrysler, PepsiCo., Reebok, Fontainebleau Resorts, Donna Karan and Unilever, and he has written extensively on architectural theory and art history.
Early life and education
Arnell was born in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn. His father, who changed the family name from Abraben to Arnell, was a mechanical engineer. His grandfather, a Russian immigrant, was a fishmonger; as a child, Arnell sometimes accompanied him to work at the Fulton Fish Market.
Arnell studied architecture at Brooklyn Technical High School. He graduated in 1976.
Career
Arnell started his career as an intern working for Michael Graves. There he met Ted Bickford, and the two collaborated on a series of books about artists and architects before forming Arnell-Bickford in the early 1980s.
Bergdorf Goodman fashion director Dawn Mello hired Arnell-Bickford to create ads for Bergdorf, and they later worked on in-store designs and promotions for Donna Karan's new clothing line. During his work for Donna Karan, Arnell created DKNY and its signature style, first with a black-and-white photograph of the Brooklyn Bridge, and later with DKNY's logo featuring the Statue of Liberty and the Manhattan skyline.
By 1985, the agency's income reached $4.4 million per year, with clients including Anne Klein, Bank of America, Chanel, Condé Nast, Consolidated Edison, Ray-Ban, Rockport and Tommy Hilfiger.
In 1993, Bickford left the company and Arnell renamed it Arnell Group.
Arnell partnered with architect Frank Gehry on projects such as the Barclays Center and the Sentosa resort and aquarium between 2006 and 2010.
| 2.1875
| 0
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68460889
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iga%20Kokubun-ji
|
Iga Kokubun-ji
|
Located 200 meters to the east of the site of the Iga Kokubun-ji is another temple ruin which has been dated to the same period. As the actual name of the temple was unknown, it was designated after the name of a hill behind the site. Based on its location and the remnants of the earthen bases for a Kondō and Lecture Hall, it is mostly likely the ruins of the provincial nunnery, or Iga Kokubun-niji, which was built at the same time has the Iga Kokubun-ji. However, unlike the Iga Kokubun-ji, this temple was aligned 11 degrees east of north. None of the foundation stones remain, and their locations have been determined only by examining the soil where the stones once stood. It is estimated that the Kondō was a 4 x 7 bay hall. No remnants of the gates or pagoda have been found. As with the ruins of Iga Kokubun-ji, the temple appears to have been surrounded by a square earthwork enclosure, but in this case, at least on the west and south sides, there was a double rampart.
This site has also been designated as a National Historic Site.
| 2.171875
| 0
|
68461381
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silutitan
|
Silutitan
|
Silutitan (meaning "Silk Road giant") is a genus of euhelopodid sauropod dinosaur from the Shengjinkou Formation of Xinjiang, China. It contains only the type species, Silutitan sinensis.
Discovery and naming
In 2006, a Konservat-Lagerstätte was reported from the Shengjinkou Formation in the Hami region of Xinjiang, China. This consisted of lake sediments allowing for exceptional preservation of fossils. The same year, Qiu Zhanxiang and Wang Banyue started official excavations.
Among the excavated fossils were six cervical vertebrae with all neural spines intact. In 2021, these were established as the holotype (IVPP V27874) of the new sauropod taxon, Silutitan. A Hamipterus jaw was found near the tenth cervical vertebra, but this is likely due to taphonomy. The generic name, refers to the Silk Road (Silu in Mandarin), while the specific name, sinensis, refers to China.
Classification
The phylogenetic analysis of Wang et al. places Silutitan as the sister taxon to Euhelopus, a position that does not change when it is combined with the contemporary titanosaur Hamititan into a single unit.
Paleobiology
Other animals from the holotype locality include the contemporary titanosaur Hamititan, which was described in the same paper, and the pterosaur Hamipterus. Together, Silutitan, the aforementioned fauna, and an unnamed theropod represent the known fossil vertebrate taxa of the area.
| 2.5
| 0
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68462788
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ettore%20Baldassarre
|
Ettore Baldassarre
|
Ettore Baldassarre (27 April 1883 – 26 June 1942) was an Italian general during World War II.
Biography
Baldassarre was born in Trani, Apulia, on April 27, 1883, the son of Michele Baldassarre and Amalia Manganaro. In his youth he moved with his family to Messina, where he obtained his high school license. After enlisting in the Royal Italian Army, he enrolled in the Royal Military Academy of Artillery and Engineers in Turin, graduating as an artillery second lieutenant in 1903. After promotion to lieutenant in 1905, he was assigned to the 3rd Fortress Artillery Regiment, subsequently attending the Application School in Turin, obtaining the highest score achieved until then in the final exam. From October 1911 he served in Libya during the Italo-Turkish war, returning to Italy in October 1912, having been promoted to captain and decorated with a Bronze Medal of Military Valour.
In November 1914 he was placed in command of the balloon service of the artillery branch, distinguishing himself during the First World War during the battles on the Isonzo, on the Karst Plateau and on the Asiago plateau. After promotion to major he became commander of a group of heavy field artillery, and at the end of the war he was artillery commander of the Third Army, promoted to lieutenant colonel for exceptional merits.
In 1920 he was assigned to the Artillery Inspectorate, carrying out numerous studies on the firing of artillery pieces, which converged in the compilation of the Artillery Instructions, for which he was promoted to colonel for exceptional merits. Between 1931 and 1933 he was commander of the 6th Field Artillery Regiment, and then General Commissioner for War Productions. On January 1, 1935, he was promoted to brigadier general and given command of the artillery of the Milan Army Corps. On 30 June 1938 he was promoted to major general, becoming commander of the 58th Infantry Division Legnano in place of the Duke of Bergamo.
| 2.09375
| 0
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68462823
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe%20De%20Stefanis
|
Giuseppe De Stefanis
|
From 3 May of the same year he assumed the post of Operations Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army, replacing General Carlo Vecchiarelli who had been transferred to Athens in command of the 11th Army. From 19 to 31 May he temporarily served as Army Chief of Staff, after the departure of Ezio Rosi and before the appointment of Mario Roatta.
In the afternoon of 8 September 1943, after the Allies had broadcast the news of the Armistice of Cassibile, De Stefanis, standing in for the absent Roatta, participated in the Council of the Crown held in Rome which decided to confirm and comply with the armistice. On the following night, as German forces implemented Operation Achse, he was among the high-ranking officers who fled Rome for Ortona following Marshal Pietro Badoglio and the royal family, reaching Brindisi with the corvette Baionetta. There, a few weeks later, he assumed command of the newly established LI Corps, a nominal command without any real subordinate troops. In June 1944 De Stefanis became head of Delegation A of the General Staff, supervising the organization of Italian troops that would fight alongside the Allies as the Combat groups. On 5 October 1944 he was made available to the Ministry of War for special assignments.
In 1956 De Stefanis was awarded the title of Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. He died in Rome on 11 December 1965.
| 2.140625
| 0
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68463197
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Symonds
|
Mary Symonds
|
Mary Ramsden, née Symonds (1772 – 1854), was an English watercolour painter. In 1801, she travelled with her sister, Elizabeth Gwillim, and her sister's husband, Sir Henry Gwillim, to Madras, India (now Chennai). She resided in Madras until 1808, and during this time she produced a series of watercolours of local landscapes as well as a series of watercolours of Indian fish. Her letters are noteworthy for the insight they offer about life in early nineteenth-century Madras.
Biography
Mary Symonds was born in 1772, in Hereford (Herefordshire, England), to Esther and Thomas Symonds. She had four sisters, Frances, Ann (Nancy), Elizabeth (Betsy), and Hester (Hetty), and one brother, Thomas, who died in infancy prior to Mary's birth, in 1767. Frances also died in infancy.
Her father, Thomas Symonds, was a builder, an architect, and a surveyor in Hereford. In 1775, he was employed as clerk of works for Richard Payne Knight, proponent of theories of picturesque beauty, at Downton Castle. Upon Thomas Symonds's death on 12 March 1791, his wife Esther Symonds assumed operation of the family business. She died in 1806.
In 1801, Mary travelled with her sister, bird artist Elizabeth Gwillim, and her sister's husband, lawyer Henry Gwillim, to Madras, India (now Chennai). Henry Gwillim had been appointed a Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court at Madras. Mary resided in Madras until 1808, at which point she returned to England with Henry Gwillim, arriving on 13 May 1809. Elizabeth had died in Madras the year prior.
| 1.90625
| 0
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68463197
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Symonds
|
Mary Symonds
|
Fish
The Blacker-Wood Library at McGill University holds an album of 30 watercolours of fish, purchased by Casey A. Wood from the same dealer who sold him Elizabeth Gwillim's bird paintings. This set was, per Wood, “a parcel containing about thirty small (10 x 14 in.) mounted and coloured drawings of Indian Fishes.” He described them: “Each mat bore an auctioneer’s (or dealer’s) printed number; a few were signed “E. G.,” and upon still more were written legends (that Sir Henry Drake-Brockman later translated for me as Urdu) of the native names of the subjects portrayed.” Given the initials, Wood must have postulated that the fish, like the birds, were Elizabeth’s work. Although these initials have yet to be found on the fish paintings, the paintings have since been tentatively re-attributed to Mary based on information from the letters: Elizabeth wrote that, during an 1806 trip to the fishing village of Kovalam/Covelong, “Mary drew above thirty sorts” of the myriad stunning fish they saw. Scholars have noted that the “written legends [...] of the native names,” per Wood, are Tamil words in Urdu script and that the writer was likely a Hindustani, not Tamil, speaker.
Selected works
| 2.40625
| 0
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68464772
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading%201251
|
Reading 1251
|
Reading 1251 is a preserved B-4a class 0-6-0 "Switcher" type Steam locomotive built by the Reading Company's own locomotive shops in Reading in 1918 as the only tank locomotive to be rostered by the Reading after World War I. It served as a shop switcher to pull and push locomotives in and out of the Reading's shops, until it was taken off of the Reading's active list in early 1963. It subsequently spent the next eight years being sold to various owners until becoming fully owned by the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania in Strasburg for static display. As of 2025, the locomotive remains on indoor display inside the museum and is not likely to run again in the near future.
History
Original service life
During World War I, the Reading Company constructed various designs of switcher locomotives from their own shops in Reading, Pennsylvania to serve their various rail yards and roundhouses across their system. In September 1918, a unique saddle tank locomotive rolled out of the Reading shops after being constructed from parts of an I-2a class 2-8-0. The locomotive was B-4a No. 1251, which ended up being the only tank locomotive to be rostered by the Reading after the end of the war. The locomotive was never meant to haul trains as it was a shop switcher, or 'goat' as they were often nicknamed, to tow locomotives in and out of the Reading's locomotive facility.
Multiple brand new locomotives were still being manufactured at Reading and others were continuously in need of repairs, so No. 1251 was kept busy shunting them throughout the shop. It was consistently cleaned and well-maintained, and its ease of operation made it well liked by crews. As the 1950s progressed the Reading was in the process of dieselizing their locomotive fleet, although No. 1251 remained on the active list the longest, the only thing forcing it into retirement was age. Its last revenue switching assignment occurred on February 8, 1963.
| 2.09375
| 0
|
68464860
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexahydrocannabinol
|
Hexahydrocannabinol
|
Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) is a hydrogenated derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). It is a naturally occurring phytocannabinoid that has rarely been identified as a trace component in Cannabis sativa, but can also be produced synthetically by firstly acid cyclization of cannabidiol and then hydrogenation of tetrahydrocannabinol. The synthesis and bioactivity of HHC was first reported in 1940 by Roger Adams.
HHC is a psychoactive substance with effects reportedly similar to that of THC. HHC vaporizers have been openly sold at head shops and convenience stores since at least the early 2020s in North America and Europe.
Pharmacology
HHC has 2 diastereomers that only differ by the orientation of the 9-methyl group, unlike D9-THC and D8-THC which have the double bond position next to the 9-methyl group that prevents this. The 9-methyl group orientation is believed to be important for cannabinoid binding affinity.
Research has found 9R-HHC to have a binding affinity of 15nM ± 0.8nM at CB1 and 13nM ± 0.4nM at CB2, while 9S-HHC has a binding affinity of 176nM ± 3.3nM at CB1 and 105nM ± 26nM at CB2.
The same study found Delta-9-THC to have a binding affinity of 15nM ± 4.4nM at CB1 and 9.1nM ± 3.6nM at CB2. 9R-HHC has a lower selectivity for CB2 (1.2x) compared to D9-THC (1.6x).
9R-HHC has an EC50 of 3.4nM ± 1.5nM at CB1 and 6.2nM ± 2.1nM at CB2 while 9S-HHC has an EC50 of 57nM ± 19nM at CB1 and 55nM ± 10nM at CB2. The same study found D9-THC to have an EC50 of 3.9nM ± 0.5nM at CB1 and 2.5nM ± 0.7nM at CB2.
The EC50 shows 9R-HHC has a lower selectivity for CB2 (0.55x) compared to THC (1.5x). HHC has been typically described as weaker than Delta-9-THC in psychoactive effects. HHC produces 11-Hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol and 8-Hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol among others as a metabolite which may contribute to its overall effect.
| 2.1875
| 0
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68464860
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexahydrocannabinol
|
Hexahydrocannabinol
|
Chemistry
Several research groups have successfully synthesized (+)-HHC and (-)-HHC using citronellal and olivetol, as well as other related compounds. While similar compounds have previously been identified in cannabis, hexahydrocannabinol itself has rarely been isolated from the plant. The de Las Heras group in 2020 took lipid extract from Cannabis sativa seeds and discovered 43 cannabinoids in the crude extract; one of them being hexahydrocannabinol. It has two diastereomers at the methyl (9) position. HHC is typically made from hydrogenation of THC. There are no double bonds in the cyclohexyl ring like D8/D9 have—they have been removed from the structure and hydrogens have been added to the compound.
Several structurally related HHC analogs have been found to be naturally occurring in Cannabis including cannabiripsol, 9α-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol, 7-oxo-9α-hydroxyhexa-hydrocannabinol, 10α-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol, 10aR-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol and 1′S-hydroxycannabinol, 10α-hydroxy-Δ(9,11)-hexahydrocannabinol and 9β,10β-epoxyhexahydrocannabinol.
HHC itself has been found as a degradation byproduct of THC in a similar way that Cannabinol and Delta-8-THC can be formed by the Cannabis plant from Delta-9-THC degradation. The degradation of D9-THC that forms HHC is the reduction of the double carbon bonds that would typically make up the delta isomer position on THCs structure.
Delta-9-THC was discovered to partly metabolize into 11-Hydroxy-THC and alpha,10 alpha-epoxy-hexahydrocannabinol along with 1,2-epoxy-hexahydrocannabinol. Cannabidiol was discovered to partly metabolize into 9α-hydroxy-HHC and 8-hydroxy-iso-HHC inside the body. In the presence of alcohol, the methoxy or ethoxy analogs such as 9-methoxy-HHC, 10-methoxy-HHC, 9-ethoxy-HHC and 10-ethoxy-HHC can be formed.
| 1.992188
| 0
|
68465059
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiria%20Anderson
|
Hiria Anderson
|
Hiria Anderson is a New Zealand artist whose work focuses on Māori culture in the 21st century. In 2018 she was awarded the New Zealand Paint and Printmaking award and her work has been exhibited at the Auckland Art Gallery, Te Tuhi and Tim Melville Gallery.
Biography
Anderson was born in 1974 within the King Country, New Zealand. She grew up at her grandparents home in Ōtorohanga, next to the wharenui her grandfather built when she was born. Her grandfather was a carver and her grandmother was a weaver, they played an influence on Anderson's developing art practice. Anderson attended Queen Victoria School, a historic girls' boarding school for Māori in Parnell, Auckland.
She studied at Te Wānanga o Aotearoa, graduating with a Diploma of Visual Arts in 1998. During this time, Anderson was an active member of Ngā Puna Waihanga o Tainui, the Māori Artists and Writers' Society of Tainui, and trained under artist James Ormsby. She gained an MFA with first class honours from Whitecliffe College of Art and Design in 2016.
Her work has been shown at Auckland Art Gallery and was included in the exhibition 'Toi Tū Toi Ora', the largest art exhibition held by the gallery since 1989.
She is currently based in her whānau homestead in Ōtorohanga, where she produces art from a small studio. Anderson affiliates with the iwi, Rereahu, Ngāti Maniapoto and Ngāti Apakura.
Artistry
Anderson describes her work as painting 'the everyday lives of people in my community, paying particular attention to relationships amongst family members, intertribal relationships, politics and environments that show the nuance between culture and 21st century life.' Most of her artworks depict everyday scenes of the township of Ōtorohanga. Anderson has been praised for her use of chiaroscuro, and her framing of everyday objects; and likened to the artists of the Dutch and Flemish Renaissance.
| 2.15625
| 0
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68465294
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Association%20of%20Latino%20Independent%20Producers
|
National Association of Latino Independent Producers
|
The National Association of Latino Independent Producers (NALIP) is a non-profit advocacy organization that promotes the visibility of Latine/x creators and producers in various media and their projects. The organization was formed in 1999 in New York, and is now headquartered in Los Angeles, CA.
History
NALIP was formed in 1999 by a group of activists and academics in New York. The founding members later moved the organization to Los Angeles to be closer to Latino groups and Hollywood executives. NALIP's early mission was to lobby Hollywood executives to advocate for increased representation of Latino creators and producers.
In 2021, NALIP organized a theater buyout in an attempt to boost the success of the theatrical release of Lin-Manuel Miranda musical film, In The Heights.
Programs
NALIP holds three annual events: The NALIP Media Summit, Latino Media Fest, and Diverse Women in Media Forum. The events takes place in Los Angeles, California.
NALIP also has incubator programs under the "Latino Lens" division of the organization. In 2021, NALIP launched the Narrative Short Film Incubator for Women of Color Sponsored by Netflix.
Previously, NALIP launched "Latino Lens: Producers Pipeline Incubator", an incubator for Latino producers in partnership with Disney, Starz, Amblin Partners, and the Motion Picture Association (MPA).
| 2.015625
| 0
|
68465307
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunbergia%20atriplicifolia
|
Thunbergia atriplicifolia
|
Thunbergia atriplicifolia, the Natal primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae, native to South Africa and Eswatini. It is a favored browse of the steenbok (Raphicerus campestris).
Etymology
The genus name Thunbergia is named for Swedish naturalist Carl Thunberg, the father of South African botany. The adjective atriplicifolia is derived from the Latin, meaning that its foliage is similar to that of members of the Atriplex genus.
Description
Thunbergia atriplicifolia is a perennial, sparsely to densely pubescent shrublet reaching up to 4 cm high. Re-sprouts from a woody base. Leaves are sessile or with petioles up to 4 mm long; blade is narrow to broad ovate with acute to obtuse apex and cordate to cuneate base, about 2.5–6.0 x 1.5–3.5 cm; margins are entire or toothed, usually only with two teeth at the base. Flowers are trumpet-shaped, pale creamy with yellow throat, 4–5 cm in diameter. Seeds are reddish- or greyish-brown with evenly arranged trichomes, 4-6 mm in diameter.
Ecology
Thunbergia atriplicifolia is a subordinate grassland species where it grows best in both loam and sandy soil.
Distribution
The species can be found through eastern South Africa.
| 2.625
| 0
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68465483
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Maison%20Nucingen
|
La Maison Nucingen
|
La Maison Nucingen (English "The House of Nucingen", also translated as “The Firm of Nucingen”) is a short story by Honoré de Balzac. It was published in 1837 and is one of the Scènes de la vie Parisienne of La Comédie humaine.
Plot summary
The story is told in the first person by an anonymous narrator. In the private dining room of a famous Parisian restaurant, the narrator overhears the conversation of four journalists in the next room, Andoche Finot, Émile Blondet, Couture and Jean-Jacques Bixiou, all recurring characters in La Comédie humaine.
They comment and speculate about the wealth of Eugène de Rastignac who they remember was poor when he first arrived in Paris. Bixiou tells the others that Rastignac owes his wealth to his dealings with Maison Nucingen, the famous Parisian bank run by Baron de Nucingen. Rastignac is the lover of Nucingen's wife Delphine. Nucingen pretends to be ignorant of this, but also decides to use Rastignac. Nucingen thinks that "capital is a power only when you are very much richer than other people", which is why he embarks on complex operations which can be summed up as follows: he raises the prices of securities and buys them back after having them artificially lowered. He even goes so far as to use men well regarded in the Parisian sphere, of which Rastignac is a part, to believe in his imminent ruin and to fuel the panic which then allows him to speculate. Nucingen has the art of combining false bankruptcies, advancing his pawns in the form of straw men. He can then buy back at a very low price the stocks that he had initially sold at higher prices.
| 2.0625
| 0
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68466200
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Bowen%20%28colonial%20settler%29
|
George Bowen (colonial settler)
|
Although most of the high parts of the Blue Mountains are sandstone country and relatively infertile, Mt Tomah and the surrounding area has deep, rich, volcanic soil. Bowen probably first encountered the area himself, while surveying the boundaries of the new County of Cook.
Bowen's mother, Susannah, came out to New South Wales in 1827. In 1830, she requested from Darling, and received, a land grant of two square miles around the summit of Mount Tomah. Bowen himself received a land grant of four square miles, nearby, at what is now Berambing, and he established a farm named 'Bulgamatta'—said to be from Aboriginal language for 'mountain and water'—there in 1831. Bowen cleared and developed his land using convict labour, built a house, and set up a sawmill on what is now known as Bowen's Creek. He had a road built between his house and the sawmill, about 300 m lower in elevation. Even with convict labour provided by the colonial government, Bowen had a difficult life in what was then near wilderness. Although his landholdings had been taken up in 1830-31, the deed of grant was not finalised until 1836. Soon afterwards in 1836, Bowen sold his landholding. and later that year bought a town allotment in Windsor.
| 2.71875
| 0
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68466327
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahre%20Sol
|
Nahre Sol
|
Alice Gi-Young Hwang (born 1991), also known as Nahre Sol, is an American composer, pianist, and YouTuber.
Early life and education
Hwang attended the Orange County High School of the Arts and graduated from the Idyllwild Arts Academy in 2009, where she was class valedictorian and recipient of The Most Outstanding Arts Student award.
She received her Bachelor of Music degree in piano performance from the Juilliard School in 2013, studying with Matti Raekallio. While at Juilliard, she co-founded the T.R.I.O. Project (Teaching and Responding Through Internet Outreach).
She was a 2013 recipient of a Fulbright France Harriet Hale Woolley Award in the Arts Grant, allowing her to study in Paris with Gabriel Tacchino and Narcis Bonet, pupils of Francis Poulenc and Nadia Boulanger.
In 2015, Hwang earned her artist diploma from The Glenn Gould School of The Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto, Canada, studying with John O'Conor. In Toronto, she was co-director of the chamber music collective Happenstance. From 2017 to 2018, she was a New Music Fellow at the RCM. She also participated in master classes at the International Mendelssohn-Academy Leipzig and at the International Holland Music Sessions as a scholarship recipient.
She also contributed a set of recordings of the Chopin Scherzos to Musopen's compilation of Chopin's works, which were released under a public domain license.
Recognition as Nahre Sol
After graduating from the Glenn Gould School, Hwang abandoned her traditional piano performance career, working for some time as a commercial photographer. She resumed her musical activities through a series of videos on YouTube under the title Practice Notes using the name Nahre Sol, a nickname her father used to call her.
| 2.09375
| 0
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68466356
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Vitor%20Leme
|
José Vitor Leme
|
José Vitor Leme Batista (born August 15, 1996) is a Brazilian professional rodeo cowboy who specializes in bull riding. He is the 2020 and 2021 Professional Bull Riders (PBR) World Champion, and holds the record on the bull Woopaa for the highest-scored ride in PBR history with 98.75 points. Since 2022, he has ridden for the Austin Gamblers during the PBR Team Series season. He was the PBR Team Series Regular-Season MVP in 2022 and 2023. The Austin Gamblers won the PBR Team Series Championship title in 2024.
In 2023, Leme was ranked No. 5 on the list of the top 30 bull riders in PBR history.
Background
José Vitor Leme Batista was born in Ribas do Rio Pardo, Mato Grosso do Sul, on August 15, 1996. As early as 7 years old, he started riding calves. However, his parents separated and divested their bulls. Leme went to live with his mother, Sylvia. Thereafter, he became interested in soccer and played 11 years. He became a semi-professional player. He was also simultaneously learning karate. But being a bull rider was still his desire. In Brazil, most often an invitation is required for elite events. He finally got an opportunity when he was 18 years old. It was in Rochedo, near his mother Sylvia, who lived in Campo Grande. He pedaled 6 miles to the event and back to attend. His first ride, he got called for a slap.
That was the beginning of his bull riding career. He often had to walk or ride a bicycle to events. His father assisted him by buying some of his equipment. Leme improvised with equipment maintenance, traveling costs, and assorted other costs. Leme claims soccer has many moves that translate to bull riding. It was a hard road to get to the big tour.
Career highlights
Leme was a semi-professional soccer player before entering the professional bull riding circuit. At 21 years of age, Leme came to the United States for the first time to compete in the PBR's Premier Series.
| 2.3125
| 0
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68466504
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat%20campaign%20of%201862%E2%80%931863
|
Herat campaign of 1862–1863
|
Siege of Herat
On July 27, the city of Herat was surrounded by Dost Mohammad Khan. Kohzad gives August 10. The people of Herat were determined to resist Dost Mohammad Khan and his army. Despite his failing health, Sultan Ahmad Khan did not show the slightest inclination to submit. For 5 days the Mohammadzais dug trenches around Herat, and for the next 6 months night raids, tunneling, and "sundry engagements" would be commonplace. Sultan Ahmad Khan wrote to the shah, Naser al-Din Shah, for aid, but he did not want to break the 1857 treaty with the British and refused.
During the siege, Sultan Ahmad Khan relied on the support of Herat's Shi'a community and exclusively used Farsiwan and other Shi'a soldiers during the conflict. He suspected Herat's Afghans of espionage and began to expel them from the city. In January 1863 Sultan Ahmad's wife, Nawab Dokhtar, died from grief.
On May 27, 1863, the city was captured.
Aftermath
The atrocities committed on the citizens of Herat by the Mohammadzais served to unite them, Shi'a and Sunni, against the Afghans.
Sources
| 2.75
| 0
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68466848
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murarmau
|
Murarmau
|
Murarmau is a village in Sareni block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 21 km from Lalganj, the tehsil headquarters. Murarmau historically served as the seat of the largest taluqdar estate in the district, held by the most senior branch of the Tilokchandi Bais. As of 2011, it has a population of 2,999 people, in 523 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities. Murarmau serves as the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat which also includes 9 other villages.
Murarmau hosts the Thakur Dwara cattle fair annually on Chaitra Badi 9. It also hosts a regular market twice per week, on Wednesdays and Saturdays; vegetables and cloth are the main items traded.
History
The Rajas of Murarmau were the most senior branch of the Tilokchandi Bais, who were descended from the powerful Raja Tilok Chand. He had two sons; the older one, Pirthi Chand, established himself at the ancestral fort of Sangrampur, and the Rajas of Murarmau were among his descendants. The estate was split several generations later, when either his grandson Deo Rai or his great-grandson Bhairon Das established the Daundia Khera line, while the elder branch ruled from Murarmau.
At the time of Aurangzeb, Amar Singh of Murarmau was constantly at war with Rao Purandar Singh of Daundia Khera. Amar Singh was usually defeated in these conflicts. After his death, the Murarmau estate declined precipitously: his infant son Raja Debi Singh was left in the guardianship of his uncle Gopal Singh, who acquired most of the lands for himself. The Rajkumar branch that Gopal Singh founded would control almost the entire estate until the mid-19th century. As an adult, Debi Singh successfully petitioned the Mughal emperor for support in recovering his estate, but the firman he obtained was essentially useless at establishing authority over his Rajkumar relatives.
| 1.96875
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68466855
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah%20D.%20Hank%20Jr.
|
Josiah D. Hank Jr.
|
Josiah Dickenson Hank Jr. (April 19, 1875 – July 29, 1924) was an American attorney and politician. Appointed assistant Attorney General of Virginia in August 1917, he served as Attorney General after John Garland Pollard resigned the following year.
Early life and education
The son of Rev. Josiah Dickenson Hank, a Methodist minister, and his wife Laura Wailes, daughter of a Maryland physician, was born in Saluda, Virginia He had at least three brothers, one also a lawyer. Educated in private schools in Salisbury, Maryland, he returned to Virginia and received degrees from Randolph-Macon College and the University of Virginia School of Law. His uncle served as chief of staff for Confederate General Joseph Wheeler, and his wife's grandfather was Confederate Major John Pelham.
Career
He taught Greek and English from 1895 until 1899, then from 1901 until 1903 edited legal texts for the Michie Company, until beginning a private legal practice in Norfolk, Virginia. In 1907 he published Hank's Annotations. In August 1917 he accepted an appointment as Assistant Attorney General, and briefly served as Attorney General when John Garland Pollard resigned to campaign for governor.
| 2.34375
| 0
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68467035
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newcomen%20Street%20Corporation%20Baths
|
Newcomen Street Corporation Baths
|
Concerts were held at the baths, in an attempt to draw bigger crowds. These concerts raised money for local hospitals and charities.
There were also shops on the site, including a florist and places where people could buy refreshments.
Problems and complaints
Complaints about cleanliness of the baths began as early as two months after opening.
The water was often dirty, contaminated by soot from nearby chimneys and miners who swam at the baths after work.
The water was only changed four times per week, which was not considered frequent enough, given there were up to 500 people swimming in the baths each day.
The baths trapped bad smells, due to poor drainage and wooden fittings
Drains overflowed regularly, and stained the concrete green.
Staff did not clean the dress boxes regularly, or collect rubbish.
The baths were not profitable, and in 1891 council started to discuss closing the baths.
The majority of bathers were men, and in 1894 women were temporarily denied access to the baths as a cost saving measure. This was as a result of poor attendance by women on Thursday and Sunday, the days designated for ladies bathing. The decision was later reversed after a petition was signed.
The baths were rarely used in the winter months, and swimming in the ocean started became increasingly popular during the 1900's. The bogey hole was enlarged, and an iron railing constructed for additional safety. People also began to swim at the public beach between from Zaara and Telford streets, after improvements to the beach.
After years of financial losses and ongoing issues with cleanliness, the baths were eventually closed on 31 March 1906.
After the closure
After the closure, council was approached with many proposals for leasing the site including a skating rink, dance venue or a boxing saloon. In the years immediately after closure, the venue was used for a range of purposes including a dog show, swimming competitions, music hall, and print studio.
| 2.671875
| 0
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68467482
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorandum%20on%20Genuine%20Autonomy
|
Memorandum on Genuine Autonomy
|
The Memorandum on Genuine Autonomy for the Tibetan People provides a framework for the governance of Tibet within the People's Republic of China (PRC). In 2008 a group led by the Dalai Lama presented the memorandum to China. Beijing invited Dalai Lama's delegation to talk about his middle path, which promoted autonomy rather than full independence. Beijing rejected the proposal vehemently, claiming that it was as good as giving independence to Tibet. Following the presentation of the Memorandum, talks between China and Dalai Lama's envoys that had started in 2002 broke down. The last communication was in January 2010.
Background
One of the first descriptions of the proposal by the Dalai Lama was in Strasbourg in 1988 at the European Parliament. In 1996, in London, he again talked about the concept. The following year saw the Tibetan Government-in-Exile adopting the proposal. In 2006 the TGIE came out with an updated version. However, the 2008 memorandum went further than all these version in terms of the autonomy it was seeking.
Talks between China and Tibetans around the world, led by Dalai Lama, began in 2002. In 2008, China accepted talks as a form of damage control in response to protests in Tibet that took place shortly before the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. During the seventh round on 1 and 2 July 2008, China asked the Tibetan delegation for an explanation with respect to "genuine autonomy". The Tibetan delegation presented the Memorandum on Genuine Autonomy on 4 and 5 November 2008 during the eighth round of talks.
| 2.453125
| 0
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68467868
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProVeg%20Incubator
|
ProVeg Incubator
|
The incubator was established to support the development of food startups in the plant-based, fermentation, and cellular agriculture spaces, by assisting them with business planning, strategy, and networking. Since its creation in 2018, it has fostered the development of over 50 startups, including Formo (previously Legendairy), Remilk, Vly Foods, Gourmey, and Mushlabs.
The programme has a duration of three months, and is open to all startups creating alternatives to animal-based food products. The emphasis is on promoting innovative products and ingredients, going beyond plant-based mainstays which have already seen widespread commercialisation, such as tofu.
Similarly to other accelerators, the ProVeg Incubator programme ends with a startup demo day.
ProVeg Incubator drew attention from the Russian edition of Forbes, due to its role in fostering the local plant-based-meat startup, Greenwise.
Collaboration
The medium-term goal of ProVeg Incubator is to reduce the global consumption of animal products by 50% by 2040 and works with associations with similar goals, such as the AAFPP in Russia, and Humane Society India.
Other collaborators include Matthew Glover - managing director of Veg Capital and co-founder of Veganuary. Veg Capital is an investor in some of the accelerator's startups. Profits gained by Veg Capital as part of the cooperation will be donated back to ProVeg.
The network of mentors included Jan Bredack (Veganz), Mark Post, and Ryan Bethencourt.
| 2.03125
| 0
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68468069
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio%20Basso
|
Antonio Basso
|
In May 1943 he was promoted to full general and appointed civil commissioner for Sardinia as well as commander-in-chief of all troops in the island, numbering 130,000 men divided between the XIII Corps of General Gustavo Reisoli in southern Sardinia, with headquarters in Nuraminis, and the XXX Corps of General Gian Giacomo Castagna in northern Sardinia, with headquarters in Sassari. Altogether, he had at his disposal three infantry divisions, one paratrooper division, three coastal divisions, three coastal brigades, one motorized armoured group, one MILMART legion and one autonomous regiment. The Navy (Admiral Bruno Brivonesi) and Air Force (General Umberto Cappa) units in Sardinia were also subordinated to him. Basso's headquarters, Armed Forces Command Sardinia, were located in Bortigali.
When the Armistice of Cassibile was announced, on 8 September 1943, 23,000 German troops under General Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin were also present in Sardinia. Despite having received explicit orders from Comando Supremo to attack and destroy all German troops present in the island, Basso negotiated with General Carl Hans Lungershausen, commander of the 90th Panzergrenadier Division, their peaceful evacuation towards Corsica, which was accomplished by 18 September with only minor clashes near Oristano and La Maddalena.
| 2.203125
| 0
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68468376
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masha%20Enzensberger
|
Masha Enzensberger
|
Maria Alexandrovna "Masha" Enzensberger (Maria Alexandrovna Makarova) was born in Moscow and settled in London, UK, in 1969. Through her, aspects of Russian culture of the 20th century reached Anglophone readers, especially in relation to film and poetry. Her life and work bore witness to many aspects of Russian and European history.
Early life
Masha Enzensberger was born to the Russian poet Margarita Aliger. Her father, whose identity she knew only later in life, was the Soviet writer Alexander Fadeyev. Born into the Soviet intellectual elite, she had first-hand knowledge of intellectual and political currents of the 50s and 60s in Moscow. At age 16 she was celebrated in a poem by Yevgeni Yevtushenko. In 1967 she married the poet Hans Magnus Enzensberger, with whom she travelled in Germany, the US and Cuba, before settling in London, her marriage having ended.
England
Enzensberger had studied English at Moscow University, and with permission to live abroad, was able to travel often between London and Moscow. In London and Cambridge in the 1970s, she became known for her illumination of works of avant-garde Russian culture, including film (Dziga Vertov) and poetry (Osip Brik), especially through her commentaries and translations for the periodical Screen. Befriended by many in England sympathetic to progressive political and cultural causes, her parties were celebrated - including in Cambridge, where she was elected to a Fellowship at King's College, Cambridge (1972–76). Friendships were extended and developed with English scholars and poets and with Russian emigres. The English poet Elaine Feinstein memorialised Masha in semi-fictional and in non-fictional work. She credited meeting Masha to developing a fuller understanding of the poems of Maria Tsvetaeva. There are vivid recollections of her Cambridge parties " ...There she entertained lavishly, striking a glass to command Russian style toasts from sheepish Cambridge dons..."
| 2.109375
| 0
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68468385
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Mudge
|
Trevor Mudge
|
Research
Mudge has worked extensively on computer architecture, with specific emphasis on computer systems design, computer-aided design, parallel processing, low power computing, and the impact of technology. His research has been characterized by the construction of prototypes as proof of concept.
Mudge and his colleagues developed the concept of runahead. He has shown the effectiveness of point-to-point crossbars for systems with less than a few hundred processors.
Mudge conducted a design study into a fully programmable architecture, SODA, to support software defined radio. An industrial prototype was constructed by the Arm Ltd. He and colleagues developed the first optimal clocking timing algorithms for latch based digital systems: the SMO algorithm.
Mudge was one of the first to propose that power be a primary microprocessor design constraint on a par with performance. In this connection, he and his colleagues developed “drowsy” caches.
In 2003, Mudge and his colleagues suggested a new approach to DVS, known as Razor, employed in dynamic detection and correction regarding circuit timing errors.
Mudge and his colleagues explored the idea of operating chips at near-threshold voltages to further reduce power consumption. They also built a proof-of-concept prototype 3-dimensional die stacking prototype, and a proof-of-concept prototype 64-core prototype, Centipede. He was an early advocate of 3-dimensional die stacking architecture to save energy.
| 2.046875
| 0
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68468417
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverpool%20slave%20trade
|
Liverpool slave trade
|
Liverpool, a port city in north-west England, was involved in the transatlantic slave trade. The trade developed in the eighteenth century, as Liverpool slave traders were able to supply fabric from Manchester to the Caribbean islands at very competitive prices.
History
On 1 December 1699 the successful tobacco and sugar merchant William Clayton, owner of the ship "Liverpool Merchant" sent his ship to Africa, where the captain William Webster bought a number of enslaved Africans, 220 were sold in Barbados. This is thought to be first known ship to sail from Liverpool to transport slaves to the new world. Another Liverpool vessel, the "Blessing", set sail in 1700. Over the next 30 years Liverpool grew rapidly. The growth in shipping out of Liverpool began to increase slowly over the next 30–40 years with ties to the American colonies firmly established by 1700, merchants were transporting sugar and tobacco from the colonies. Liverpool was transformed from "not much more than a fishing village" due to an extensive rise in the manufacturing of textiles, iron, and firearms and gunpowder. In the years of growth Liverpool goods were being exported from the Liverpool port with first commercial wet dock being built in 1715, and by 1730 there were 15 Liverpool slave ships headed toward Africa where the goods manufactured in Liverpool were exchanged for slaves.
From the mid 1740s Liverpool was the largest slave trading port in Britain, overtaking Bristol. By 1750 Liverpool was the pre-eminent slave trading port in Great Britain. Thereafter Liverpool's control of the industry continued to grow. In the period between 1793 and 1807, when the slave trade was abolished, Liverpool accounted for 84.7% of all slave voyages, with London accounting for 12% and Bristol 3.3%.
| 3.125
| 0
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68469178
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut%20Freitag
|
Helmut Freitag
|
Helmut Freitag (born July 1960) is a German pianist, organist, conductor and academic teacher.
Education
Born in Bad Kreuznach, Freitag studied church music, music school (state examination in history and music) and orchestral conducting (diploma with distinction) in Saarbrücken, Düsseldorf and Geneva. His teachers were André Luy, Lionel Rogg, Jean Micault, Hans Drewanz and Hartmut Schmidt.
Career
From 1988 to 1991, Freitag directed the music school of the district of Kaiserslautern. Since 1989, he has directed the Kaiserslautern Chamber Orchestra. With this orchestra, he has performed in the US, Scandinavia, Switzerland and Italy. On Easter Monday 1991, he became district cantor of the Protestant deaneries of Kaiserslautern and Otterbach. In 2001, he was appointed Kirchenmusikdirektor. Also, since 1991, he has held a teaching position for vocal correpetition at the Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Mannheim. In 2002, he was appointed University Music Director of the Saarland University. In 2006, he was awarded the cultural prize of the city of Bad Kreuznach. In 2007, the Saarland University appointed him of musicology.
Freitag is the initiator of the carillon in the Kaiserslautern Collegiate Church, which was installed in 2009 and, with 47 bells, is one of the largest instruments of its kind in Germany. He has performed his solo organ concerts in almost all European countries.
In 2017, Freitag was awarded a Doctorate (Dr. phil.) with the dissertation Komponisten der Naheregion:Gerhard Fischer-Münster, Fridel Grenz, Magdalene Schauss-Flake, Dieter Wellmann. Studien zur regionalen Kirchenmusik unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Werke für Orgel.
| 2.359375
| 0
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68469182
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ay%C3%A9%20Aton
|
Ayé Aton
|
Ayé Aton (born Robert Underwood, January 29, 1940, Versailles, Kentucky; died October 30, 2017, in Lexington, Kentucky), was an American painter, designer, muralist, musician, and teacher.
Aton played percussion in Sun Ra's Arkestra for several years in the 1970s. As a visual artist he was known for his outer space-themed murals, which he painted in private homes and on building exteriors in Chicago during the 1960s and 1970s. He later became an arts educator in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and rendered hundreds of fine art paintings with African, Egyptian, Native American, Afrofuturist, and abstract motifs.
In 2013, historian John Corbett collaborated with artist/author Glenn Ligon on a book entitled Sun Ra + Ayé Aton: Space, Interiors, and Exteriors, which featured previously unpublished 1960s and ’70s photographs of Aton’s large-scale murals, as well as stills from Sun Ra’s feature length film, Space is the Place.
"[Aton's] murals, with their images of blazing suns, pyramids, comets and planetary bodies painted on the walls of black homes all over [Chicago's] South Side," wrote Ligon, "were about a future that he, by way of Sun Ra, was reaching his hand out to take them to. Commissioned from the early 1960s through the beginning of the 1970s, the murals were backdrop to house parties, birthdays, heated arguments, fucking, heartache and life. They were the album sleeve art for Afrocentric and Afrofuturist philosophies that helped a generation reimagine itself."
Ian Bourland, in Frieze magazine in 2015, wrote that "[Aton] drummed for Ra’s Arkestra, whose synthesis of occultism and sci-fi aesthetics found their way into Aton’s large-scale, pop-psychedelic wall paintings in homes throughout Chicago’s southside – an update of the visionary panoramas of black deco artists such as Aaron Douglas."
Life and involvement with Sun Ra
| 2.46875
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68469644
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Barrow%20%28cricketer%29
|
Charles Barrow (cricketer)
|
Charles Deans Barrow (4 April 1875 — 20 September 1944) was an English first-class cricketer, British Army officer and landowner.
The son of John James Barrow, he was born at Paddington in April 1875. He was educated at Eton College, before going up to Lincoln College, Oxford. After graduating from Oxford, he was commissioned into the British Army as a second lieutenant in the Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment. He was promoted to lieutenant in May 1897, before being promoted to captain in April 1902. Barrow played first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1903, making two appearances against London County and Derbyshire. He scored 25 runs in his two matches, with a high score of 12. He later served in the West Kent in the First World War, during which he held the rank of major and was promoted to the temporary rank of lieutenant colonel whilst commanding a battalion in April 1916. He was granted the rank in full in January 1917. Barrow lived out his later years in the Gloucestershire village of Farmington, having bought the entire village in 1901 and set up a quarry, which is still in operation as of . Barrow died at his home in Farmington in September 1944 and was survived by his wife.
| 1.921875
| 0
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68469901
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh%20O%27Neill%20Hencken
|
Hugh O'Neill Hencken
|
Specializing in Iron Age Europe, O'Neill Hencken worked in a number of countries, including England, Ireland, Morocco, Algeria, Italy, and Greece. Between 1934 and 1936, he directed the archaeological programme of Earnest Hooton's Harvard Archaeological Mission to Ireland, including excavations in County Antrim, County Londonderry, and County Down. As curator at the Peabody Museum, he acquired much of the material and notes from the Duchess of Mecklenburg's excavations in Slovenia, conducted between 1904 and 1913, which were confiscated at the end of World War I and eventually sold at auction in the 1930s. This included the collection from , an important Iron Age cemetery, which O'Neill Hencken was able to finally bring to publication in 1978, sixty-five years after it was excavated. In the later years of his career he published a number of major synthetic studies, including The Earliest European Helmets (1971), and two volumes dealing with Etruscan origins, Tarquinia, Villanovans and Early Etruscans (1968) and Tarquinia and Etruscan Origins (1968).
O'Neill Hencken was an honorary member of the Prehistoric Society and was elected a corresponding fellow of the British Academy in 1972. A Festschrift in his honour, Ancient Europe and the Mediterranean, edited by Vladimir Markotic, was published in 1977. His collected papers are held by the Harvard Library.
Personal life
Hugh O'Neill Hencken married Mary Davies Hopkins at the Espicopal Church in Sedgefield, North Carolina on June 8, 1929. The marriage ended in divorce. His second wife Thalassa Cruso was a well-known television presenter. They met in Ireland, where both O'Neill Hencken and Cruso, a student of Mortimer Wheeler, were excavating, and married in London on October 12, 1935. They had three daughters. Thalassa died in Wellesley, MA on June 11, 1997. She was buried at Newton Cemetery, MA.
| 2.5625
| 0
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68470017
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20Wynne%20%28minister%29
|
Billy Wynne (minister)
|
Wynne had a reputation for being unconventional. One of his colleagues described him as 'unpredictable', recalling occasions when toy airplanes, tennis balls and a bicycle were used as props to illustrate points Wynne wished to make during his weekly sermons. Wynne, however, saw himself as an 'old conservative' although one who was not afraid of change and of 'breaking old moulds'.
After Wynne retired in 1987 he wrote a fortnightly column in the Irish Times which was subsequently published as a book. He also helped the Missions to Seamen.
Family
Wynne was born on 12 April 1919 into a family with strong connections to the Church of Ireland. His father was the Rev. George Robert Llewellyn Wynne and his grandfather Archdeacon Robert Wynne. His mother, Alice Deane, was from a family of Barbadian sugar planters. Wynne married Cecil Florence Collins on 26 April 1949. They had three sons – John, Peter and Stephen.
Descended from the Wynnes of Hazelwood House, Co. Sligo, Wynne once described his family as having been 'staunchly unionist'. In 1984 he said that the Protestant community in the Republic had only recently come to believe that it had a rightful place in the country. He described his father's fear when the republican de Valera came to power in 1932. 'He immediately put the furniture into storage and threatened to take off for England’. His father continued to live in Ireland until his death in 1945.
Wynne died on 17 January 2000. His funeral took place at St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin on 20 January. During his funeral address, Canon Cecil Hyland, Rector of Howth, said that the hallmark of Wynne's ministry was compassion – 'because he was "a man who struggled within himself", he was able to help others in their struggles'.
| 2.0625
| 0
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68470072
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Earle%20%28slave%20trader%29
|
Thomas Earle (slave trader)
|
Thomas Earle (1754–1822) was an English slave trader. He was responsible for at least 73 slave voyages and alongside his brother he transported over 19,000 enslaved people. Of these 3,000 died on board his ships. One of his ships, Annabella, was seized by the British Crown for slave trading with the enemy. He was Mayor of Liverpool in 1787.
Early life
Earle was born in Liverpool in 1754. He was the son of William Earle, who was also a slave trader. He attended Manchester Grammar School from the age of 11. There are no records to indicate that he had been a slave ship captain like his father. His obituary stated that he had spent some time in his childhood in Italy and in his later life he wintered in the country.
Slave trader
Earle was responsible for at least 73 slave voyages in a period spanning the twenty years between 1779 and 1799.
Earle was the son of William Earle, who was also a slave trader. He spent much of his time in the slavery industry alongside his brother William Earle. He and his brother mostly traded under the name T. & W. Earle. For a UK parliamentary commission dated 3 March 1790, the company was listed as the sixth biggest in Liverpool. The Earle brothers traded at least 19,000 enslaved people of whom 3,000 died on board their ships. During this period they had a particularly high mortality rate of 13%. One of their ships Liverpool Hero left Calabar with 560 enslaved people, but 330 of them died before arriving at Dominica. In their early voyages the Earle's took enslaved people from Bonny, the Cameroons, Calabar and Whydah.
| 2.71875
| 0
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68470072
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Earle%20%28slave%20trader%29
|
Thomas Earle (slave trader)
|
An account of the Earle's slave trading was recorded by William Butterworth, a boy who was tricked into signing up to sail on Hudibras. He wrote that the ship arrived in Old Calabar where two other Earle ships were already in harbour. Butterworth describes the enslaved people as "the unfortunate sons and daughters of Africa". He described how Hudibras was fortified and partitioned to ensure the captives could not escape. It was around six months before Hudibras was full and set sail with 360 enslaved people.
Butterworth described one event whereby the captain of the Hudibras was met by an African vessel containing a single cannon and 12–14 African men armed with guns and swords. The leader of this ship offered to sail up the river and capture people who he would then sell to the captain. Butterworth described the practice of using "Pawns"; an African slave trader would take payment in advance of delivering captives, but leave a relative of theirs on board. If the slave trader did not return, then their relative would be enslaved.
| 2.765625
| 0
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68470490
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Barrett%20%28parasitologist%29
|
Michael Barrett (parasitologist)
|
Michael Barrett (born 29 December 1964) is Professor of Biochemical Parasitology at the University of Glasgow. His research focuses on understanding how drugs work against parasites and how parasites become resistant to drugs. He is also Director of Glasgow Polyomics, a facility specialising in genomic, proteomic and metabolomic technologies, and directs the Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance (SULSA). Barrett advises several international organisations on issues surrounding drug development and resistance, including the World Health Organization (WHO) where he is part of the expert group on human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi).
Early life and education
Barrett was educated at Latton Green primary school and Latton Bush secondary school in Harlow, Essex. He studied Zoology at University College London (1983-1986), qualifying with BSc Hons (Class 1). He went on to study for a PhD in Pathology at the University of Cambridge (Queens’ College), graduating in 1990.
| 2.09375
| 0
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68470615
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owo%2C%20Enugu
|
Owo, Enugu
|
Owo is a town in Nkanu East Local Government Area (LGA) of Enugu state, Nigeria. Owo consists of six main villages: Ashishi, Ohuani, Ishiegu, Ogere, Emene and Ndiagu. Other settlements which were originally part of the main villages are Ejaogbo, Mbulu, Ekeagu, Obegu ishiagu, Obegu Emene, Obegu Ogere, and Obegu Ohuani. These make up Mbulu Owo autonomous community created in the year, 2006. The town is an agrarian community: About 80% of the population are farmers. The population of Owo in 2014 was 9,879. The estimated population of Owo in 2022 is over 14,000 people.
History
Owo's history was handed over to the present generation by folklore and there are various accounts to their origin. One account of the folktale has it that their migration to the present location started from Umuatugbuoma in Akegbe Ugwu, a town located along the Enugu – Port Harcourt expressway in the present day Nkanu West LGA of Enugu state. While the details of the migration story are sketchy, Legend claims they foremost migrated to Ugbene, Nike community in Enugu East LGA of Enugu state where they settled and lived for many years. Another account has it Owo originally called Ugbene, was founded by the descendants of a hunter, Ugbene, the son of Emeli Agada of Nike community in Enugu state. The quest for greener pastures and fraternal wars led to their migration to their current location where they settled near the Idodo river. Following their settlement, initial six clans of Owo were established consisting of Ashishi, Ohuani, Ogere, Ishiegu, Ubegu and Ihenyi. After a fraternal war among them, the last two villages, Ubegu and Ihenyi migrated to Eha-Amufu in present-day Isi Uzo LGA of Enugu State.
| 2.296875
| 0
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68470615
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owo%2C%20Enugu
|
Owo, Enugu
|
Owo's tradition and cultural heritage govern the daily lives of her people. These are evident in marriage ceremonies, age grade system, farming, naming ceremonies, entertainment like masquerade (Mmanwu) festival), title taking, burial ceremonies, new yam festival and other social festivities like "Ajuu" festival among others. She also shares numerous cultural traits with her neighbouring communities which are in line with Igbo culture and tradition. Before the advent of Christianity, the African Traditional Religion was the dominant religion in the town. Their tradition and cultures are centered on God (Chi/Okuke) and God of the land (Anu/Ani). Owo has its own music and folklore. Owo's traditional music includes Igede, Ode, akatakpa etc. The indigenous masquerades comprise Odo/Ekpe (practiced by Ashishi and Ogere villages) and Omebe (practiced by Ishiagu, Ohuani, Emene, Ndiagu villages). These masquerades feature during burial and funeral ceremonies, religious and socio-cultural and other various festivities as form of entertainment. They sometimes play other roles such as social regulatory tools, judiciary and policing to enforce laws of the land.
| 3
| 0
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68470896
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal-storing%20histiocytosis
|
Crystal-storing histiocytosis
|
In crystal-storing histiocytosis, histopathology studies reveal macrophages with an epithelioid shape, small nucleoli, and round or oval nuclei. The cytoplasm of these macrophages contains crystals which are eosinophilic. The macrophages tend to be negative for S100 protein, CD1a, Langerin, and cytokeratin when immunohistochemically tested, but positive for CD68. Crystals range in size from microscopic to 4 cm, and are dense, membrane-bound, and elongated, rectangular, and/or rhomboid in shape. The crystals do not birefringe and are negative when stained with Congo red stain, but may be positive by phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The most common immunoglobulin deposited in the crystals is IgG. When the antibodies in the crystals are tested, they are almost always kappa light chain positive.
The most common locations for crystals to form are bone, head and neck, kidney, lung and GI tract. When the crystals form in the kidney, they are often deposited in the tubulointerstitium. Immunofluorescent testing, with antibodies against immunoglobulins, may be useful in patients with kidney crystal deposits.
Dogan et al. proposed a two-part classification of crystal-storing histiocytosis, dividing cases into localised or generalised. In localised disease, crystals are confined to one site, while in generalised disease, more than one site has crystal-deposits. The study was from the left upper lip and cheek which was her first pathology diagnosis in November 2010. The tumor was removed from a 51-year-old woman. Around three quarters of cases are localised, with the remaining quarter showing signs of generalised disease. Patients with localised disease tend to have better outcomes.
Mechanism
| 2.1875
| 0
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68471202
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuthbert%20Rayne
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Cuthbert Rayne
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Cuthbert Rayne and the export of deer
In April 1592, the English ambassador in Scotland Robert Bowes decided to ask Cuthbert Rayne to help him organise a gift of deer for James VI, to be sent to stock the park at Falkland Palace. Bowes obtained warrants for deer from the English keepers from Elizabeth I. It would be the queen's gift to James VI. Rayne, who was evidently a member of the gentry, went to London and met William Cecil then travelled north to meet Bowes. They planned to visit Barnard Castle, Raby Castle, and Brancepeth Castle to capture seventy deer. Bowes was urgently requested to return to Scotland, leaving Rayne in charge.
At the end of May, Cuthbert Rayne had caught 21 male deer. However they had been hurt by the nets and the "buck stawles" used by Rayne's men. They were also injured by the dogs chasing them into the nets. Six were loaded into a Scottish boat hired by Bowes waiting at Sunderland, and shipped to Kirkcaldy for Falkland. Bowes anticipated and was told by the king's courtier Roger Aston that James VI would be very disappointed by their results. The difficulty was partly from the use of "buck staulls" to restrain the deer, borrowed from the Earl of Derby which were suitable only for red deer, not for fallow. Bowes wondered if another gentlemen might supervise any further attempts.
Henry Sackford, the English "Master of Toyles" was paid for collecting 40 deer for Scotland in March 1597. James Hudson brought 28 live deer to Scotland in April and James VI made a trip to Leith to see them. The deer were taken to Falkland in carts.
| 2.734375
| 0
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68471275
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang%C3%B8ya%2C%20Sandefjord
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Langøya, Sandefjord
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Langøya is an island in Sandefjord Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The island is located in the Tønsbergfjorden, just outside the village of Skravestad. The island is accessible through a bridge that connects to the road Sandsveien. The island was named for its long shape. The long island has an area of . It consists of farm fields, hills, and forests.
It is a car-free island consisting of meadows, knolls, salt meadows, small bays, and forests. It became a landscape conservation area in 2006. It is known for its wide variety of rare wildflowers including species such as sea thrift, alternate-leaved golden-saxifrage, cowslip, greater yellow-rattle, sticky catchfly, and many others.
History
Five burial mounds from the Bronze Age have been discovered on the island. Throughout most of the 1600s, the island belonged to residents of Tønsberg. In the 1660s, it was purchased and managed from Skravestad in Stokke.
Historically, the island had been a part of Sandeherred and Stokke municipalities. The small Skravestadholmen cape area in the southwestern part of the island was part of Sandeherred (which later became part of Sandefjord). The rest of the island was part of Stokke municipality which also became part of Sandefjord in 2016.
| 2.1875
| 0
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68471379
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panagyurishte-style%20eggs
|
Panagyurishte-style eggs
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Preparation
A pot of water is prepared with a pinch of salt and a tablespoon of white wine vinegar added (as colored vinegar might discolor the eggs). The water is brought to a boil and then taken off the heat to cool (to 80 °C, for example) to poach the eggs. There are different poaching techniques such as swirling the water before gently adding an egg in the middle, or "bathing" the yolk with a spoon, e.g. After poaching, the eggs are immediately rinsed with cold water in order to stop further cooking and to remove any sourness from the vinegar. Some use boiling water and simply soft-boil the eggs, which is also fine, as long as the yolk is runny. Some sirene is ground or crumbled and mixed with the yogurt. Garlic paste is added to taste. Chopped garlic, baked garlic, or even garlic powder can be substituted. The butter is melted on the stove. Some paprika is quickly mixed into the butter, and the mixture is immediately taken off the heat, as not to burn the paprika, which will give bitter taste to the dish. Finally, a bed is made from the sirene/yogurt mix, the warm poached eggs are put on top, and are doused with the butter-paprika sauce, after which some paprika might be sprinkled on top for aesthetic reasons.
Ingredients:
Eggs
Bulgarian yogurt
Sirene
Butter
Paprika
Some fresh or powdered garlic
White wine vinegar
Fresh parsley or dill (optionally)
| 2.3125
| 0
|
74345418
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Yil
|
Lee Yil
|
Early life
Lee was born in 1932 in Gangseo, Pyeonggannumdo, an area that later became part of North Korea. Lee's given name is Jin-sik (Korean: 진식, Hanja: 鎭湜), which he later changed to Yil. Lee moved with his family to South Korea after Japanese colonial rule ended.
Education
Lee studied French literature at Seoul National University before heading to the Sorbonne in 1957. During his time at the Sorbonne from 1957 to 1966, Lee shifted his studies towards art history, and began working as art critic.
Career
Early work in Paris (1963-1966)
Paris Biennale
It was at the 1961 Paris Biennale that Lee was first exposed to Korean Informel art that had emerged in Seoul for the past few years, and that he would later write about as a decisive turn in modern Korean art history.
Two years later, Lee began contributing to the Biennales himself by writing exhibition texts for South Korean art exhibited in the 1963 and 1965 Paris Biennales. Lee's observations at the Paris Biennales, as well as the 1963 show Les Jeunes peintres coréens (Young Korean Painters) at Galerie Lambert, helped shape his opinions on the development of the Korean art world, and exhibition of its artists abroad. In 1966, Lee wrote an essay titled "After Viewing the 15th Gukjeon: Its Unreality" critiquing the National Art Exhibition (Daehan minguk misul chollamhoe—known as Gukjeon for short) for impeding new developments in the art world with young and experimental artists.
Journalism
In 1963, Lee became a regular contributor to the Korean newspaper Chosun Ilbo covering the Parisian art world.
Translation
While in Paris in the early 60s, Lee began translating French arts criticism, and later in his career translated books by French art critics and historians like Michel Ragon and H.W. Janson.
Teaching work (1966-1997)
Lee taught art history and art criticism at Hongik University from 1966 until 1997.
| 2.40625
| 0
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