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71383396
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20Personne
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Jacques Personne
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Jacques Personne (17 October 1816 – 11 December 1880) was a French pharmacist who was innovated several methods in quantitative analytical chemistry, experimental pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. He was among the first to use a colorimetric method to analyzing lead in water.
Personne was born in Saulieu where his parents Léonard and Jeanne Ducharne were bakers and later grocers. His father died in 1837 from an accidental fall into a lime kiln pit. Personne had in the meantime become an assistant to the pharmacist Etienne Vaudrey in 1833. In 1839 he became an intern at a Paris pharmacy and later worked at the Hôpital de la Pitié and in 1841 the Hopital de Lourcine. Here he interacted with Jules Grassi, Henri-Charles Lutz and Antoine Bussy. Personne became an assistant at the Paris School of Pharmacy in 1843. In 1854 he presented a thesis in pharmacy on the history of lupulin. In 1877 he received a doctorate and became an instructor in analytical chemistry. He was involved in examining the safety of red phosphorus over white phosphorus. For his research on chloral hydrate as an anaesthetic he received a Barbier Prize. He believed that it broke down into chloroform by the action of blood. In 1844 he developed colorimetric approach to identifying the quantity of lead in water from different sources. In examining the excretion of quinine in urine he became a pioneer of pharmacokinetics.
| 2.46875
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71383501
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucocoprinus%20discoideus
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Leucocoprinus discoideus
|
Leucocoprinus discoideus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. In the local language when the mushroom cap is open it is known as batakania or bepokua pembe when it is immature with a closed cap. However 'bepokua' may also be used to refer to other similar looking mushroom species such as Micropsalliota bambusicola.
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1936 by the Belgian mycologist Maurice Beeli who classified it as Lepiota discoidea, whilst illustrations of the mushrooms were produced by Mme M. Goossens-Fontana.
In 1977 it was reclassified by the Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann who classified it as Leucocoprinus discoideus.
Description
Leucocoprinus discoideus is a small dapperling mushroom with whitish flesh which discolours pinkish brown.
Cap: 3-6cm wide with a white, campanulate (bell shaped) to conical cap and a slight brown umbo. It is covered in small brownish ochre scales which are concentrated on the centre disc or umbo and sparsely scattered on the rest of the cap surface. The cap edges have striations which extend about halfway across the cap. Gills: Free, crowded and white. Stem: 7–8 cm tall and 4–5 mm thick with a hairy (tomentose) coating. It is hollow, white and discolours pale pinkish brown with age. The fragile, membranous stem ring is white and located towards the top of the stem. Spore print: White. Spores: Ellipsoid with a pore. (8.1)9.1–11.3 × (5.7)6.3–7.3 μm. Taste: Bitter. When dry it discolours light brown.
Habitat and distribution
L. discoideus is scarcely recorded and little known. The specimens studied by Heinemann were found in the forest of the Eala region in Zaïre (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo). They were growing in a dense group on a dead tree trunk and on the ground in a dry forest area. Additional specimens were found near Lubumbashi in the South of the country and found growing on decomposing coffee in a plantation near lake Edward and lake Kivu to the North East.
| 2.15625
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71383574
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husayn%20Ali%20Jum%27ah
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Husayn Ali Jum'ah
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Husayn Ali Jum'ah (; born 4 September 1949) is a Syrian literary scholar and poet, known for his studies on classical Arabic literature and headed Arab Writers Union from 2005 until 2011.
Biography and career
Hussein Ali Jumaa was born in Yabroud north of Damascus on 4 September 1949 and grew up in the Damascene Al-Nawfara neighborhood near the Umayyad Mosque. He obtained his high school diploma in the city of Damascus in 1967, then joined the Institute of Teachers’ Preparation and obtained his certificate before joining the Faculty of Arts at the University of Damascus to obtain a Bachelor’s degree in Arabic in 1978, then a Postgraduate Diploma and then a Master’s. He received his PhD in Arts from Damascus University in 1987, then joined the Arab Writers Union in the early 1990s.
He was a principal of the "Khair al-Din al-Zarkali" secondary school from 1977 to 1984. He was appointed as professor of classical Arabic literature at the University of Damascus, since 1983, and at the Qatar University in the Faculty of Humanities during 1992 to 1997. He started fiction writing in 1982, and then changed to non-fiction in his writings. He was appointed president of the Arab Writers Union on 4 September 2005, succeeding Ali Uqla Arsan, who had headed it since 1977. In 2011 he was replaced by Ghassan Wannous. He has been criticized for his political views. In July 2011, an Egyptian writer, Magdy Yusuf, denounced him as the head of the Writers Union for his support of what Yusuf described as “the repression and killing of peaceful Syrian demonstrators by the Syrian regime”.
| 2.15625
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71383670
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson%20Delano%20Macklin
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Anderson Delano Macklin
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Anderson Delano Macklin (January 17, 1933 – July 26, 2001), also known as A. D. Macklin, was an American artist, professor, art historian, and author. He chaired the art department at a few historically black colleges, including Jackson State University, Virginia State University, and at Wiley College.
Biography
He was born on January 17, 1933, in Luther, Oklahoma. He was the son of Alice (née Anderson) and Herman Macklin, and was the eldest son.
Macklin was a graduate of Douglass High School in Oklahoma City. He attended Lincoln University (B. S. degree, 1954) where he studied art education; followed by studies in painting at the University of Missouri (M. A. degree, 1956). He received his Ed.D. degree in art education from the Pennsylvania State University, his dissertation was titled, "A Descriptive Study of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Identification, Aesthetic Attitude and Art Object Preferences of High School Students" (1969).
He served on various visual art national advisory boards and committees.
Macklin chaired the art department at Jackson State University (JSU) a public historically black research university in Jackson, Mississippi, and under his leadership his department was able to gain a favorable accreditation. In 1992, he curated an exhibition of Yoruban Tunde Afolayan Famous Jr.'s paintings at JSU's F.D. Hall Music Center gallery.
After having a heart attack, Macklin died on July 26, 2001, in Jackson, Mississippi.
Publications
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
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In the far south-west, there is evidence of distinctive burial customs that exhibit local characteristics and Atlantic influence. A type of chambered tombs, called entrance graves, are dated to the Early Bronze Age, c. 2000–1500 BCE, and restricted to the western edge of Cornwall, mainly in Scilly, with around a dozen examples in West Penwith. Cornish entrance graves are part of an Early Bronze Age monument building tradition along the Atlantic Façade, where there are similar monuments in County Waterford, south-east Ireland (the Tramore tombs), and south-west Scotland (the Bargrennan cairns). Small numbers of somewhat comparable monuments are also found in the Channel Islands and Brittany. Andy Jones speculates that communities in western Cornwall may have intended to demonstrate their connections to other communities which shared a distinct 'Atlantic identity' on the Atlantic façade by borrowing from their burial traditions and integrating them with local practices. It is not yet certain whether entrance graves were first constructed in Penwith or Scilly.
There are around 13 entrance graves in West Penwith, including Bosiliack, Ballowall, Gulval, Tregeseal, and Tregiffian. Mainland entrance graves are small circular kerb-lined mounds or cairns, with an undifferentiated short passage and internal chamber, and capped with large flat granite slabs. Sizes vary considerably, from 16 metres diameter at Tolcreeg, to only 5 metres diameter at Bosiliack. Human remains are usually deposited, generally in the form of interments of the cremated disarticulated bones of multiple individuals. There are chambers similar to those of the Penwith entrance graves incorporated into much larger and more complex structures at Ballowall and Chapel Carn Brea.
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
|
Diet was further augmented by foraging for wild foods including hazelnut, sloe, and crab apple. Wild foods at Trethellan included cleavers, nettles, sheep's sorrel, wild radish, chickweed, and mallow in spring, and sloe, rosehip, hawthorn berries, and hazelnuts in the autumn. At Tremough, hedgerow plants such as hazelnuts, hawthorn berries, blackberries, and elderberries may have been collected as food.
Analysis of the residue of a cup at Treligga indicate that it may have been used to consume mead or some similar substance. Analysis of residues from pottery sherds at Trethellan show that ruminant dairy products were made here. Lipid analysis on the ceramics found that 36% of the sherds analysed contained cow, sheep, or goat fats.
Ritual
Funerals
There is a strong preference for cremation funerals in the Beaker period and Early Bronze Age, and inhumation burials are rare in Cornwall throughout the Bronze Age. Both inhumation and cremation burials have been occasionally found in the vicinity of Middle Bronze Age roundhouse settlements, and an inhumation and a cremation occur together at two sites, Lousey and Polhendra.
| 2.796875
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
|
Stone working has been described as rudimentary at some sites. According to Arthur ApSimon, stone artefacts from Trevisker "show that the Bronze Age settlement had no real tradition of flint working, in sharp contrast to the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age inhabitants of Cornwall." Flint working at Trethellan is similarly described as simplistic and lacking in innovation. There are few flint fragments here, but there are some examples of prepared cores, indicating that flint objects were produced on the site. It has been suggested that the limited evidence for stone tools is because the people at Trethellan relied instead on metal tools, which they took with them after the village had been abandoned.
Stone and flint knives, axes, and arrowheads are found at several sites. A ripple-flaked flint knife of Early Bronze Age form is found at Tremough, and a fairly high quality flint knife, probably not made of local flint, is found at Carnon Gate. A simple parallel-sided blade, two plano-convex knives, a greenstone axe, and a greenstone adze or hoe are found at Stannon. At Trevisker, stone knives are made from typical north Cornish coast beach pebbles, which has limited uses. Two objects that may have been stone axes are found at Trethellan. Flint arrowheads are found at Gwithian.
Quern-stones, used for grinding grain to make flour, are commonly found. Saddle querns (the lower, stationary quern stones) are found at sites including Stannon Down, Try, Boscawen-Un, Davidstow, Trethellan, Gwithian, and Trelowthas. A large number of mullers (the upper, mobile quern-stone) are found at Gwithian. Saddle querns, mullers, and three pestles perhaps also used to process cereals, are found at Scarcewater.
A number of stone artefacts are associated with metalworking. At Gwithian there are stone moulds, including two stone axe moulds, and hammerstones perhaps used to mine ore. A stone mould and two hammerstones are found at Trethellan. A stone racloir mould is found at Trevalga.
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
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Trevisker Ware is thought to have originated in Cornwall c. 2000 BCE, and is initially found in funerary or ritual contexts. Trevisker Ware was the most common ceramic style of the Cornish Early Bronze Age, and the almost exclusively used ceramic type of the Cornish Middle Bronze Age. Trevisker Ware has also been found in Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Kent, Wales, Dalkey Island in County Dublin, and Brittany. It continued to be produced in Cornwall for almost a millennium, and ceramic finds from Gwithian indicate that Trevisker Ware was still used in the tenth century BCE. It began to be replaced around the end of the second millennium by Late Bronze Age Plain Ware. Parker Pearson suggests that Trevisker Ware developed from the preceding locally made Collared Urns, Cordoned Urns, and Food Vessels. Alternatively, Andy Jones argues that Trevisker Ware developed primarily from the earlier Grooved Ware, as well as other late Neolithic pottery styles. Trevisker Ware ceramics are usually biconical or have curved sides, with strengthened rims, decorated above the girth with parallel lines, zig-zags, or chevrons, using cord, combs, fingertips, or fingernails. Trevisker Ware vessels include large storage jars, medium-sized storage, cooking, and eating vessels, and smaller vessels for eating and drinking. Like some of the preceding Grooved Ware, Beakers, Food Vessels, and Collared Urns in Cornwall, Trevisker Ware was usually produced from distinctive gabbroic clays from the Lizard peninsula, and both the pottery and clay itself were transported from the Lizard, in some cases a considerable distance. Direct evidence for pottery production is scarce, but the presence of unfinished pots and raw gabbroic clay at Gwithian show that ceramics were produced at this site. It has been suggested that the spread of Trevisker pottery in the later Bronze Age may be connected with increased metal prospecting, trading, and exploitation.
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
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On Scilly, a parallel ceramic tradition exists, which differs from the Trevisker style of the mainland, with less complex, mainly horizontal lines of decoration. Some vessels are also found here in the Trevisker style. Ceramics on Scilly were probably made from local clays. At Annet Farm, on St Agnes, there is evidence for clay extraction and possibly ceramic production.
Late Bronze Age Plain Ware pottery, from perhaps c. 1000 BCE to 800 BCE, includes simple straight-walled jars and carinated bowls. Only undecorated ('Plain') Ware is found in Cornwall, the Decorated Ware found elsewhere in Southern Britain is not found. Like the Trevisker Ware, Plain Ware continued to be produced using gabbroic clay.
Metalwork
A range of metal artefacts have been discovered, some of which may have been locally produced. At Gwithian for instance, clay and stone moulds, hammerstones, and anvils indicate small-scale metalworking. At the Trethellan site, in addition to a small number of bronze artefacts, a stone mould, possible hammerstones, and copper alloy waste were found, suggesting that secondary metalworking may have been practised here. At a domestic structure in Tremough c. 1900–1600 BCE, several items, including a cassiterite pebble, stone chisel moulds, a socketed hammer, a socketed axe, and droplets of copper alloy, indicate that this was probably the home of a metallurgist. Another probable metallurgist's house dating to c.1400–1300 BCE is found at Trevalga. A mould for a copper alloy racloir, a triangular blade with a central perforation, commonly found in France at the time but with only four examples of this type found in Britain, is found here, perhaps indicating that local metalsmiths were familiar with contemporary French metalwork forms, and may have been producing such work for export.
| 2.515625
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
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Early Bronze Age daggers have been found from sites at Penatilly, Sennen, Trewinard, and Trelowarren. Styles include Camerton-Snowshill daggers, dated by accompanying pottery to after c. 2000 BCE, which are found at the Mullion, Caerloggas, Harlyn Bay, Pelynt, and Rillaton sites, and knife-daggers, found at Fore Down (radiocarbon dated c. 1900–1740 BCE) and Rosecliston, Newquay (radiocarbon dated c. 1881–1624 BCE). The Pelynt sword hilt, also known as the Pelynt dagger, dated c. 1350–1100 BCE and of Aegean type, apparently was not found at a barrow in Pelynt and may not even have been found in the area. It may have been inserted into a mound at a relatively late date.
A copper 'ox-hide' ingot weighing was discovered on the seabed near Looe in 1985. Ingots of this type are generally dated to the second millennium BCE, are usually found in the Mediterranean and Aegean seas, and are rare in Britain.
A number of metal hoards are found towards the end of the Bronze Age, including the Towednack hoard, comprising two twisted gold bar torcs, gold bracelets, and gold rods, the Morvah hoard of gold bracelets, and the Mylor Axe hoard.
Other crafts
The discovery of flax seeds and a clay spindle whorl and weights at the Trethellan site indicate that small-scale textile production was practised here. Textiles are rarely preserved, but at Harlyn Bay mineralized textile fragments are found, and the imprint of a woven object is found in the clay under a barrow at Carvinack.
At Gwithian, a diverse range of stone, bone, and shell artefacts are found which were probably used in wood, textile, leather, and metal working, possibly in specialized workshops.
In Scilly, massive stone bowls and troughs and residues on pottery suggest that large-scale processing of oils from marine animals occurred here, probably for export.
Amber, glass, and faience
| 2.40625
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
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Amber is relatively rare in Cornwall during the Bronze Age. The few examples, which include a lump of amber from Caerloggas, an amber V-perforated button from Boscregan and another of the same type near Woolley barrow, and one amber bead from Stannon and another from Trevassack Hill, Hayle, were probably obtained from the Wessex culture to the east.
Faience ('glazed composition'), in this context, is a non-ceramic material with a quartz core and glaze, mixed with a plant-ash flux to assist fusion of the quartz grains. The glaze also contained copper, producing a distinctive turquoise colour. In British and Irish beads, tin appears to have been added to the faience paste, which served no purpose but may have been symbolic, or a socially significant act of conspicuous consumption. Faience would have been a prestigious novelty item, which may have been thought to have magical properties. The knowledge required to make faience probably arrived in Britain c. 2000 BCE, perhaps from contact with central European communities who were importing tin. Faience beads are found at several sites, including Hendraburnick Down, Boscregan, and Leskernick. The reported 'glass' beads from Rillaton Barrow, now lost, were probably faience. Star-shaped beads were found at Stannon Down, Trelowthas, and Knackyboy Cairn. Some faience beads were clearly made locally, including the star-shaped bead from Stannon and the beads from Boscregan.
Art
A regional tradition of rock art is found in Cornwall where cup-marks are made on stones. Originating in the Neolithic, they subsequently were found on Bronze Age barrows and roundhouses in the second millennium BCE. More than thirty cup-mark sites are found in Cornwall.
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
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Recent studies have shown that the tin and gold (but not the copper) used to manufacture the Nebra sky disc probably originated from Cornwall. The gold was most likely to have been obtained from the Carnon River. In 2020, a small spiral ring made of gold wire was found near Ammerbuch-Reusten, Tübingen, with a female skeleton directly dated to the Early Bronze Age c. 1861–1616 BCE, the earliest securely dated precious metal find in South-West Germany. Analysis of the gold showed that the gold probably derived from Cornwall, again specifically from the Carnon River.
Chemical and isotopic analysis of several tin ingots from five sites in the Eastern Mediterranean c. 1530–1300 BCE showed relatively high indium concentration, typical of Cornish cassiterite. The study suggests that the tin for these ingots was most likely to have been obtained from Carnmenellis granite. The study argues that the collapse of eastern trade routes caused by the decline of the Levant states interrupted tin supplies, leading to a search for new tin sources from Europe and Britain. The shift in the tin trade to Europe, and specifically Cornwall, was contemporaneous with the rise of the Mycenaean civilization.
| 2.953125
| 0
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71383676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornish%20Bronze%20Age
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Cornish Bronze Age
|
The gradual abandonment of upland settlements on Bodmin Moor c. 1000 BCE has been attributed to climatic degradation, resulting in soil deterioration, expanding areas of peat, and poor harvests. A 2016 study found a relationship between a peak in wetness c. 1000 BCE and a cessation of human activity in upland areas in south-west Britain, suggesting that upland farming communities may have been vulnerable to climate changes and adapted by moving to the lowlands. Others have argued that in some areas, including Bodmin Moor, there is no evidence for climate and soil deterioration, and other factors may have encouraged a general migration to lowland zones. Gearey et al. state that their 1999 pollen analysis of Bodmin Moor did not support the theory that uplands were abandoned due to deterioration of grazing pasture. Andy Jones has argued that the hypothesis of widespread abandonment as a result of climatic deterioration of upland areas of the south-west region c. 1000 BCE is unlikely to be correct, and proposes that instead, a more complex pattern of land use or ownership developed after this time in upland zones. Peter Herring has argued that, rather than individual farmers abandoning upland zones as a response to environmental changes, there was instead a collective decision to reorganize upland grazing zones, in response to human population growth and increasing herd sizes on the uplands. Gearey et al. state that "the search for any one factor to explain the end of extensive Bronze Age settlement is over-simplistic", and instead argue that "an interplay of socio-economic and environmental factors may be responsible for the shift in emphasis from upland to lowland". They highlight Brisbane and Clewes' conclusion that the apparent relationship between increased areas of wet acidic grassland and the abandonment of coaxial field systems in the East Moor may be merely coincidental, rather than causal.
| 2.734375
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71383793
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children%20at%20Play
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Children at Play
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Children at Play is a mural at the rear of the Brixton Academy on Stockwell Park Walk in Brixton. Children at Play was commissioned by Lambeth Council in the wake of the 1981 Brixton riot, it was painted between 1981 and 1982 by Stephen Pusey. The mural is intended to display 'racial harmony between Lambeth's schoolchildren'. Pusey and a council employee searched the area before finding the site, which was then the disused Astoria cinema. The mural is highly visible to residents of the Stockwell Park Estate, who were consulted as to the final design for the mural. The initial designs for the mural reflected the tensions and struggles of the people of Brixton, but these were subsequently perceived as an unwanted negative perception of the area. The final image was chosen to reflect harmony between the different races of the area.
The mural has been nicknamed the 'Zombie Children' by local people. The creation of the mural was funded by the Inner City Partnership Fund, Commission for Racial Equality, Greater London Arts, Marks & Spencer, Rank Leisure Services, and Shell International limited. A plaque underneath the mural commemorates the donors. The mural cost £23,000 (). It was unveiled in November 1982 by the Mayor of Lambeth, Hugh Chambers.
The mural is 32 meters by 9 meters in size and was painted with Keim Silicate paint, with an expected 100-year lifespan. It was restored in 2011 by artist Paul Butler and Triton Building Conservation with the assistance of the London Mural Preservation Society.
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71383938
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Sound%20of%20Hope
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The Sound of Hope
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The Sound of Hope: Music as Solace, Resistance and Salvation During the Holocaust and World War II is a 2020 book about music in the Holocaust. It was written by Kellie Brown, Professor of Music at Milligan University and released by McFarland Publishing.
Description
The Sound of Hope is the result of 20 years of research into music's role during the Holocaust and World War II. The book’s premise is that music has an innate ability to speak to and through people in times of great stress and suffering. The book examines places around the world during the 1930s and ‘40s where this suffering happened (Auschwitz, Dachau, Bergen-Belsen, Terezín, the Warsaw Ghetto, Stalag 8A, Sumatra, Leningrad) and presents the stories of musicians who stubbornly clung to music as hope and spiritual resistance. The book also notes that music was not a universal salve, but that music in the hands of the Nazis was used as a cog in their machinery of genocide. and that for some musicians the gift of music was forever stolen from them.
Brown has spoken around the world on this topic including for DONNE Women in Music in London, for the Virginia Holocaust Museum, at King University’s Institute for Faith and Culture, and with internationally renowned violin makers Amnon and Avshalom Weinstein who head up the Violins of Hope Project.
Reception
According to The Washington Post, "Brown shows how for persecuted and imprisoned Jews, music became a way to preserve their humanity and at times even their lives... Brown has succeeded admirably in bringing together in one volume so much important research". The book is the winner of one of the prestigious Choice Outstanding Academic Title designation for 2021.
| 2.65625
| 0
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71384016
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucocoprinus%20elaeidis
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Leucocoprinus elaeidis
|
Leucocoprinus elaeidis (or elaidis) is a species of mushroom-producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. In the local language, it is commonly known as elela.
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1927 by the Belgian mycologist Maurice Beeli who classified it as Lepiota elaeidis (or elaidis), whilst illustrations of the mushrooms were produced by Mme M. Goossens-Fontana.
In 1977 it was reclassified by the Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann who classified it as Leucocoprinus elaeidis.
Description
Leucocoprinus elaeidis is a dapperling mushroom with thin white flesh and stem flesh that may stain yellow.
Cap: 7-12cm wide with thin 2mm thick flesh. The cap is a fluffy white and coated in white flakes or scales whilst the umbo or centre disc is sometimes tinged brown or yellowish. It starts bulbous and cylindrical before expanding to campanulate (bell shaped) and flattening further with age making the umbo more pronounced. There are slight striations at the cap edges. Gills: Free with a collar, crowded and white but yellowing when damaged. Stem: 7-9cm long and 8-12mm thick, expanding at the base to 15-20mm. The stem is hollow and easily detaches from the cap. White and smooth above the stem ring and scaly or flaky white below but staining yellow when touched or damaged. The movable stem ring is white and fluffy at the edges and is located towards the top of the cap (superior or apical). Spore print: White. Spores: Amygdaliform. 8.5-11 x 5.3-7.4 μm. Smell: Pleasant. Taste: Pleasant. When dry the mushroom develops an ochre colour whilst the gills discolour yellowish.
Habitat and distribution
L. elaeidis is scarcely recorded and little known. It grows on the ground and in grass near elaeis, coffee and eucalyptus trees and is sometimes found on rotten wood or compost.
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71384436
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ella%20Park%20Lawrence
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Ella Park Lawrence
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Ella Park Lawrence (May 13, 1857 – March 17, 1924) was an avid advocate for, and is still known today as the “mother” of the Illinois State Flag. She was the Regent of the Rebecca Park chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR), State Regent of the DAR organizations in Illinois, as well as a known leader and philanthropist of her community, Galesburg, Illinois.
Early life and family
Ella Louise Park was born May 13, 1857, to father George S. Park and Mary Louise Holmes Park. Many of her family members have been notable throughout history. Ancestors of Lawrence came to America in 1639 and eight of her ancestors had fought in the Revolutionary War. During the Civil War, her father ran an abolitionist newspaper, and was also the founder of Park College, and the town Parkville in Platte County, Missouri, where Lawrence was born. Lawrence was born during the tensions proceeding the Civil War and grew up during, and throughout reconstruction and the aftermath. It is said that her family’s involvement and pride in their county led to Lawrence’s love and respect for the U.S. flag, which impacted her later actions in life.
Lawrence attended Knox College in 1874 as a part of the class of 1878, but did not graduate. She furthered her education by attending Vassar College until ill health compelled her to return home in 1877. Lawrence was said to have been a good student, winning numerous literary awards and was a prominent member of the college’s literary society. During her time at Knox College, she met her husband, George A Lawrence, who also was a prominent figure in the Galesburg Community, as well as an attorney, and they got married October 18, 1882.
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71384941
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah%20Nuri%20Bengali
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Shah Nuri Bengali
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Shāh Nūrī Bengālī (, ; died 1785) was an 18th-century Bengali Islamic scholar and author from Dhaka. He is best known for his magnum opus, Kibrīt-e-Aḥmar, which was written in the Persian language.
Early life and education
Shah Nuri was born into a Bengali Muslim family from the village of Babupura in Dhaka, the capital of Mughal Bengal. The 20th-century Bangladeshi historian Syed Muhammed Taifoor describes the family to have been "very old and learned citizens of Dhaka". Their ancestor, Shah Bahauddin, arrived from Baghdad. Both Shah Nuri's father, Shaykh Abdullah Mujaddidi and grandfather Mawlana Shaykh Ghulam Muhammad Mujaddidi, were saliks at the Khanqah of Babupura and taught the Islamic sciences at the Babupura madrasa. As his grandfather was a murid (disciple) of the Punjabi scholar Ahmad Sirhindi, they belonged to the Mujaddidiyah suborder of the Naqshbandi Sufi order. Other than his father, among his grandather's renowned disciples were Shaykh Abdullah Jahangirnagari and Shaykh Lutfullah Meherpuri who were teachers at the Lalbagh Mridha Madrasa. His sister, Mariam Saleha, constructed the historic Mariam Saleha Mosque of Babupara in 1706.
He was educated in the city's madrasa, which was founded by Bengal's governor Shaista Khan in Pathartali Katra, four miles away from Maghbazar. After that, he enrolled at the Furqaniyyah Dar al-Ulum Madrasa in Motijhil, Murshidabad, which was founded by Nawazish Muhammad Khan. Shah Nuri then became a murid (disciple) of Baghu Dewan of Binni Bazar, Rajshahi. During his education he studied books such as Mashariq al-Anwar `ala Sahih al-Athar, a book on Hadith by Qadi Iyad, and Sharh Matali`, a book on logic by Qutb ad-Din al-Razi.
Career
In 1775, he wrote a book titled Kibrīt-e-Aḥmar (Red Sulphur) in the Persian language. However, Saghir Hasan al-Masumi argues that it was written in 1763. The book was focused on tasawwuf, but also contained biographies of contemporary Sufis, such as a list of the murids of the Babupura Khanqah.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalieudorhynchus
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Lalieudorhynchus
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Lalieudorhynchus is represented by a partial and disarticulated but well-preserved post-cranial skeleton. The holotype, represented by a series of bones cataloged UM-LIE 02–37, UM-LIE 39–41, UM-LIE 45 and UM-LIE 47, consists of about ten vertebrae (dorsal, sacral and caudal), about fifteen ribs, a complete right scapulocoracoid long, the dorsal branch of the left ilium, the right and left femora measuring long, and several foot bones (an astragalus, two tarsal elements and five phalanges). The total body length of this specimen is estimated at . The holotype of Lalieudorhynchus shows a mixture of mature and immature characters throughout its skeleton indicating that this specimen was a late juvenile or a still growing young adult at the time of its death. The skull is unknown, but like its closest relatives, it was probably very small compared to the size of the body, triangular-shaped in dorsal view, and terminating anteriorly in a forward-sloping snout with very large external nostrils. The shape of its ribs indicates that Lalieudorhynchus had a barrel-shaped rib cage like other derived caseids. This must have housed large digestive tract suggesting that the animal had to feed on a large quantity of plants with low nutritional value.
Lalieudorhynchus is characterized by several apomorphies. The neural spines of the sacral and anterior caudal vertebrae have a cross section with a very thin keel-like process forwards, which starting above the prezygapophyses and running upwards along the entire vertical edge to the top of the neural spine. The neural spines of the dorsal and caudal vertebrae have their dorsal end slender instead of showing lateral thickening. The first sacral rib has a narrow distal end. The scapulocoracoid has a fossa on the triceps process of the metacoracoid (one of the three bones forming the scapulocoracoid with the procoracoid and the scapula). The foot is characterized by a very large distal tarsus 1 of the same width as the astragalus, with almost all sides slightly concave.
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71385456
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalieudorhynchus
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Lalieudorhynchus
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Rib bone histology of Lalieudorhynchus revealed a bone with a very spongy structure, an extremely thin cortex, and the absence of distinct medullary cavity. These characteristics, also reported in other large caseids such as Cotylorhynchus, would suggest a semiaquatic lifestyle. This hypothesis is however disputed by Kenneth Angielczyk and Christian Kammerer, as well as by Robert Reisz and colleagues based on paleontological and taphonomic data combined with the absence in these large caseids of morphological adaptations to an aquatic lifestyle. However, these authors do not yet provide alternative explanations for the internal bone structure of large caseids. Werneburg and colleagues think that Lalieudorhynchus and large caseids in general, could have had a semiquatic lifestyle comparable to that of hippopotamuses, spending most of their time in water, practicing a kind of subaquatic walking rather than swimming, and possibly returning to land to feed on terrestrial plants. However, paleontologists don't know if Lalieudorhynchus fed on terrestrial and/or aquatic plants. Plant fossils associated with the skeleton of Lalieudorhynchus are identified as terrestrial forms adapted to a dry seasonal climate, while aquatic plants are not present. However, the latter are rarely preserved in Permian sites. Sedimentary analysis of the type locality of Lalieudorhynchus indicates the existence of several potential aquatic habitats. Partially silty claystone beds to thick come from suspended-sedimentation in a mass of stagnant water after heavy flooding. Some remains of aquatic arthropods adapted to temporary stagnant waters such as conchostracans and triopsids have been found in these levels. Another possible habitat are river channels reaching to deep in La Lieude Formation. The presence of rooting at several levels indicates that these channels must not have been filled with flowing water all year round because of the seasonal climate of the time
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71385456
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalieudorhynchus
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Lalieudorhynchus
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Apart from Lalieudorhynchus, the upper part of the Lieude Formation yielded only a vertebral column of a tupilakosaurid temnospondyl, freshwater arthropods (conchostracans and triopsids), insect wings (Odonata), and indeterminable footprints. Other elements of the fauna of the La Lieude Formation are present on the La Lieude slab, located towards the base of the formation, which exposes numerous tetrapod trackways. Many tetrapod ichnospecies have been named from this site. The taxonomic and morphological review of these footprints distinguished four valid ichnospecies and identified their probable producers: Brontopus giganteus and B. antecursor, which very probably represents dinocephalian therapsids (respectively a Tapinocephalia and an Anteosauridae), Merifontichnus thalerius, which corresponds to footprints of a moradisaurin captorhinid eureptile, and Pachypes ollieri, which would belong to a pareiasauromorpha Nycteroleteridae.
Phylogeny
Phylogenetic analysis by Wernebug and colleagues identified Lalieudorhynchus gandi as one of the most derived caseids and the sister taxon to the North American species "Cotylorhynchus" hancocki. These two taxa form a clade characterized by the presence of a hyposphene, as well as by the presence and position of the supraglenoid foramen. This clade forms with "Cotylorhynchus" bransoni an apical clade characterized by closely spaced postzygapophyses. This analysis also suggests that the genera Angelosaurus and Cotylorhynchus (each composed of three species) would be paraphyletic, taxa other than their type species may belong to different genera.
Below is the cladogram published by Werneburg and colleagues in 2022.
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71385540
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US%20Sabot
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US Sabot
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The US Sabot is an American pram sailboat that was designed by Charles McGregor as a one-design racer and first built in 1939.
The design is a development of McGregor's Sabot, based upon the plans published in The Rudder magazine in 1939. The basic Sabot design has been widely adapted and other derivations include the leeboard-equipped Naples Sabot, as well as the daggerboard-equipped El Toro, Wind'ard Sabot and the Australian Holdfast Trainer.
Production
The boat was originally intended for home construction from wood, by amateur builders. The design was later mass-produced by W. D. Schock Corp and Catalina Yachts in the United States, but it is now out of production.
Design
The US Sabot is a recreational sailing dinghy. The early versions were built from plywood, while later production boats were made with hand-laid fiberglass hulls over cores, providing positive flotation. The boat has a cat rig, a squared pram stem, a nearly-plumb transom, a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller and a retractable square daggerboard. It displaces .
Catalina-produced Sabots have tapered fiberglass masts and anodized aluminum booms.
The boat has a draft of with the daggerboardextended. With the daggerboard removed it may be sailed in shallow water, beached or ground-transported on a trailer or automobile rooftop.
Operational history
At one time the boat had a class club that organized racing events, the US Sabot Class Association, but by early 2013 its website had been taken down and it seems to be no longer active.
A 2013 review on boat.com noted that the design is, "the perfect first boat for the beginning sailor and popular with junior sailing programs for its simplicity and safety. Equipped with the racing package, the Sabot offers all the sail controls of a larger boat, so learning sailors can develop the full range of sail trimming skills."
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71385756
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.%20P.%20Huggins
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A. P. Huggins
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Allen Pardee Huggins (1839–1916) was a Union Army soldier, Freedmen’s Bureau official, sheriff, county school superintendent, tax official, and state legislator in Mississippi.
He was born in Ohio and grew up in Niles, Michigan. Described as a “carpetbagger” who sympathized with African Americans, he served as Monroe County’s superintendent of education. He worked to establish public schools for African Americans.
He was attacked by Ku Klux Klan members who demanded he leave Monroe County. Huggins refused and "was taken a quarter of a mile down the road and given 75 lashes with a stout leather stirrup strap. He testified about Ku Klux Klan activities. Benjamin Butler reportedly waved his bloody shirt while speaking in the U.S. Congress. After Klan members arrested for harassing and intimidating a teacher were bonded they were given an ovation upon their return to Aberdeen. Huggins explained that they were men of society, culture, and standing in the community who had by their own account whipped a Yankee and killed a “few niggers”.
During the American Civil War he commanded troops in Aberdeen, Mississippi.
He attended an 1874 convention in Chattanooga as a representative from Mississippi.
The waving of his bloodied shirt became emblematic of the dismissal by many Southern whites of violence against Blacks and their allies. It is referred to in the title of a book by Stephen Budiansky about violence after the American Civil War during the Reconstruction era. He served as a revenue agent for the U.S. government.
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71385873
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Raymond%20science%20fiction%20magazines
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John Raymond science fiction magazines
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Publication history
American science fiction magazines first appeared in the 1920s with the launch of Amazing Stories, a pulp magazine published by Hugo Gernsback. World War II and its attendant paper shortages interrupted the expanding market for the genre, but by the late 1940s the market began to recover again. In October 1950, the first issue of Galaxy Science Fiction appeared; it reached a circulation of 100,000 within a year, and its success encouraged other publishers to enter the field. John Raymond, at that time primarily a publisher of men's magazines, was told by his distributor that science fiction was a growing field; Raymond knew nothing about science fiction so he asked Lester del Rey for advice, and then offered del Rey the job of editor on the new magazine. Del Rey was initially hesitant, but eventually agreed to become the editor of Space Science Fiction; the first issue was dated May 1952. When another distributor approached Raymond to ask if he would be interested in publishing a science fiction title, he suggested to del Rey that this second magazine should focus on action stories. The result was Science Fiction Adventures, which appeared in November that year. Raymond decided to expand further, launching Fantasy Magazine in March 1953, and Rocket Stories, which like Science Fiction Adventures was aimed at a juvenile readership, the following month. Ziff-Davis had launched Fantastic, a rival fantasy magazine, in 1952, and once Fantasy Magazine appeared, they threatened to sue Raymond because of the similarity of the titles, so Raymond renamed the magazine Fantasy Fiction from the second issue onwards.
Del Rey used several pseudonyms for these magazines: he edited the last issue of Fantasy Magazine as "Cameron Hall", and edited Rocket Stories as "Wade Kaempfert"; for Science Fiction Adventures he edited as "Philip St. John" and used another alias, "R. Alvarez", as the publisher's name. Del Rey hired Michael Shaara, later a Pulitzer Prize-winning author, as associate editor.
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71385873
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Raymond%20science%20fiction%20magazines
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John Raymond science fiction magazines
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Contents and reception
Space Science Fiction
In his editorial for the first issue of Space Science Fiction, del Rey declared that the title did not restrict the magazine to fiction about space, interpreting space as "extension in all directions", including fantasy, though as it turned out Fantasy Magazine became the outlet for the fantasy stories del Rey acquired. "Our only taboo will be against dullness", del Rey claimed and, according to science fiction historian Mike Ashley, "by and large del Rey kept his word". The first issue of Space Science Fiction was put together from what del Rey was able to acquire quickly. He worked with Frederik Pohl's literary agency to find stories, and contributed the lead story, "Pursuit", himself, under the pseudonym "Philip St. John". Other contributors to the first issue included Henry Kuttner, with "The Ego Machine", one of his humorous robot stories, and Isaac Asimov, with "Youth". Del Rey also wrote the lead story for the second issue, under another alias, "Erik van Lhin". The cover layout changed to mirror the inverted "L" format used by Galaxy, the cover artwork being reduced in size and a strip of color at the left and top edges of the cover. Del Rey again obtained material from well-known writers: Clifford Simak, Fletcher Pratt, and Murray Leinster appeared. The issue also included "The God in the Bowl", the first of Robert E. Howard's unpublished Conan the Barbarian stories to be revised for publication by L. Sprague de Camp; de Camp had obtained H. P. Lovecraft's notes on the story, and those were published as well.
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71386065
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriam%20MacMillan
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Miriam MacMillan
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Miriam Norton Look MacMillan (née Look; June 13, 1905 – August 18, 1987) was an American sailor, author, lecturer, photographer, and explorer.
From 1937 onward she was a chief photographer in nine Arctic expeditions on the Bowdoin schooner to Labrador, Baffin Island, and West Greenland within 660 miles of the North Pole.
In 1948 she detailed her 1937–1939 expeditions in her adventure memoirs, Green Seas and White Ice.
Throughout her expeditions, MacMillan created thousands of photographs, audio recordings of Inuktitut songs, and films of Umiak sailors. She later organized these and Inuit art to curate the Peary-MacMillan Arctic Museum.
Biography
Early life
On June 13, 1905, Miriam Norton Look was born in Clinton, Massachusetts. Her parents were Amy G. Wood Look and Moses Jerome Look, a civil engineer who built dams. Her grandfather was a sea captain.
As a child, her parents were often visited by their friend Donald MacMillan, whom she called "Uncle Dan." Donald MacMillan would visit her family between Arctic expeditions, bringing Miriam Norton Look a gift of "a beaded craft, an ivory figurine, or some other token of his adventures in the North." They corresponded via letters.
Look's father, a hobbyist sailor, owned a 25-foot motorboat, the Sea Dog. As a teenager, he gifted Look her own boat. Look writes, "A smaller and much slower [25-foot] motorboat which he bought for me I promptly christened the Sea Pup, and the rowboat which tagged on behind, the Poodle." As a teenager, she sailed her boat the Sea Pup throughout the islands of Maine.
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71386065
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriam%20MacMillan
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Miriam MacMillan
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While sailing the Sea Pup, she once recognized Donald MacMillan's 88-foot Bowdoin schooner, which had dropped anchor near Bustins Island. She piloted the boat and asked MacMillan if he needed a ride; he accepted her offer, as he stated he had a dinner date that evening. However, the boat ran out of gas minutes later, and Donald MacMillan was a half-hour late to his dinner date. Nevertheless, Donald MacMillan was purportedly impressed with Look's "expert control" of the motorboat.
On March 18, 1935, at the age of 29, Miriam Norton Look married Donald Baxter MacMillan; he was 61 years old.
Expeditions
In 1937, MacMillan decided she wanted to travel to the Inuit town of Nunainguk, Newfoundland and Labrador with her husband. He agreed on the stipulation that MacMillan should arrive in nearby Hopedale without his assistance. MacMillan agreed and decided to race him to the destination. While her husband sailed, MacMillan traveled by train and mail carrier, reaching Hopedale days before her husband. Before his arrival, she studied Inuktitut, crafted Inuit clothing, and asked local Inuit to tell her stories about Donald MacMillan. When MacMillan arrived, he mistook Miriam MacMillan and her friend for Inuit women.
She was a photographer and audio recorder on nine of Donald MacMillan's Arctic expeditions on the Bowdoin schooner to Labrador, Baffin Island, and West Greenland.
In 1939 she took a portrait photograph of her husband on the Bowdoin, in his Captain's hat, holding a puppy named Kahda.
A 1947 photograph displays MacMillan on the Bowdoin schooner using wire recording to document Inuktitut languages.
A 1948 photograph in Northwest Greenland shows MacMillan at the wheel of the Bowdoin schooner, beside her camera tripod.
On June 13, 1954, MacMillan and her husband were featured in a front-page rotogravure photograph on the Boston Sunday Herald.
Later life and death
In 1967, she became an honorary curator of the Peary-MacMillan Arctic Museum.
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71386071
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikiso%20Hane
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Mikiso Hane
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Internment during WWII
After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and Executive Order 9066 was signed, Hane was forced to live in internment camps along with 120,000 Japanese-Americans. He shared in an interview with Quad-City Times that he was “frightened” he would be punished “for the crimes of my race”. He recalled many rumors surrounding what would be done to the people in the internment camp: “... they were going to put us on trains, take us to camps and machine gun us down … We didn’t know what to do. Two Japanese-American girls in a neighboring community were taken away and raped.” Hane said that he burnt all letters, books, and other documents he possessed written in Japanese for fear of being arrested. This was 6 months before his family was ordered to report to a government detention camp in Poston, Arizona, in the hot Sonoran desert, in May 1942. They, along with 20,000 other Japanese in this camp, lived in old Army barracks stationed in the desert battered by sandstorms. If they did not profess loyalty to the United States, they would be sent to a “high-pressure concentration camp” in Tule Lake, California. According to Hane, the worst part of his own experience was a lack of privacy. Hane took the job as a dishwasher in the camp's kitchen and received $16 per month. Despite the difficult conditions of the hot, surveilled, impoverished camp, Hane was able to attend impromptu classes taught in the style of Socrates by a philosophy student interned in the camp.
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71386141
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinos%20Tzanes
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Marinos Tzanes
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History
Marinos was born on the island of Crete around 1620. He was the middle son of an aristocratic and educated family from Rethymnon. His older brother Emmanuel Tzanes became a priest sometime before 1635. His youngest brother was Konstantinos Tzanes. All three brothers were painters. They fled Crete around 1646. The family first traveled to Corfu. Both of his brothers completed major works while they were on the island. They finally migrated to Venice after 1655. Records indicate Marino was a prominent member of the Greek community of Venice until 1685. An important historical document demonstrates that Emmanuel received 52 ducats for icons he painted with Marinos around 1662. Marino's most important work was a poem about the Cretan War. He wrote a historical narrative of the Cretan War between (1645–1669). He wrote the story based on personal experience, eyewitness testimonies, and other oral written sources to address his fellow refugees and compatriots. The book was first printed in Venice around 1681 with the help of his older brother Emmanuel Tzanes. The book is over six hundred pages. The book chronicles different prominent families from the island of Crete and different events during the war. The book also features countless poems.
Literary works
The Cretan War (O Kritikos Polemos) Ο Κρητικός Πόλεμος 1681
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71386202
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20Brinley
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Francis Brinley
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In 1718, Brinley married Deborah Lyde, a wealthy and socially influential heiress who was the daughter of a moneyed couple from Boston, Edward Lyde and his wife Catherine. Over the course of their marriage, the couple went on to have seven children together, one of whom, a son, was named Francis after his father. In addition to owning an equivalent amount of wealth as her husband, Deborah maintained connections with aristocratic circles in England, which allowed her to emulate the most recent cultural trends and fashions in Europe, a comparative rarity in North America.
Over the next decades, Brinley established himself as a prominent member of the Massachusetts elite, acquiring extensive landholdings in Suffolk County, including several large hayfields. He also served in several legal and political offices within the colonial government of Massachusetts over the course of his career, serving as an assistant-surveyor and justice of the peace; Brinley was appointed to the latter position by the governor of Massachusetts, William Shirley, on June 27, 1743. Brinley would also go on to serve as a deputy surveyor-general of Massachusetts.
Anglo-Irish philosopher and clergyman George Berkeley made a visit to Britain's North American colonies in 1728. Accompanied by his family, he visited Boston, where his entourage was invited by Brinley to stay at Datchet House for the duration of their stay. Berkeley was attempting to promote the spread of Palladian architecture in British North America, an architectural style that Brinley had ordered his to be built in; historian Margaretta M. Lovell suggested that it was this factor which played a major role in Berkeley's decision to live in Datchet House while staying in Boston.
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71386408
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20M.%20Bacon
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Francis M. Bacon
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Francis McNeil Bacon (June 27, 1835 – September 21, 1912) was an American woolen manufacturer and banker.
Early life
Bacon was born on June 27, 1835, in Dorchester, Massachusetts. He was the eldest child of Lory Baldwin Bacon (1806–1877) and Sarah Ann ( Hammond) Bacon (1810–1886). Among his siblings were Sarah Walton Bacon and Louisa Fisher Bacon.
He was a grandson of Rufus Bacon of Sutton, who served with the Massachusetts militia during the Revolutionary War. His Bacon ancestors "came from England in the early 1600s, landed near Cape Cod, and settled in Worcester County, Mass."
Bacon was educated in public schools before graduating from Boston High School in 1853.
Career
After graduating from Boston High School, he moved to New York City to "engage in the dry goods business." In 1860, he became a partner in the form of Hurlbert, Von Volkenburgh & Co., and a year later organized the firm of Francis M. Bacon & Co. The following year, because of ill health, he went to California. In 1873, he founded Haines, Bacon & Col, woolen commission merchants. In 1877, the firm became Bacon, Baldwin & Col, which continued after Baldwin's death in 1892 when it was renamed to Bacon & Co, and located at 92 Franklin Street in New York.
He was a trustee in the Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company and the Seamen's Bank for Savings and was a director in the Metropolitan Trust Company and the National City Bank of New York.
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71386415
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto%20Brusati
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Roberto Brusati
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In the afternoon of the same day the Austro-Hungarian artillery opened an intense blank fire on the Italian lines, firing at the same time on an arch that went from Dos Cassina to Col San Giovanni. At the dawn on May 15, the Austro-Hungarian troops went on the offensive, easily overwhelming the advanced positions of the 1st Army and the troops deployed there in Val Lagarina, Monte Maronia and at Val d'Astico. The enemy troops swept towards the Venetian plain, and it took four weeks of dramatic and uncertain fighting for Cadorna to be able to stop them, bringing in huge reinforcements from the Isonzo River. Faced with public unrest, and while the battle was in full swing, the government and the Supreme Command sought the scapegoat. On May 25, a press release from the Stefani agency announced, with unusual relief, that the Council of Ministers had placed General Brusati at rest with the Lieutenancy Decree of May 25, 1916. It was a very serious provision, omitting that the exemption took place a week before the enemy attack. In addition, Cadorna Court-martialed Brusati on charges of treason, based on Chapter 1, Article 72, Paragraph 7 of the Military Criminal Code in time of war. However while the Court-Martial never met, public opinion was led to believe that Brusati had serious faults in the Army and was the subject of a smear campaign, which neither the government, nor the Supreme Command intervened to stop. There were even rumors that his son was fighting within the Austro-Hungarian Army. The police could no longer guarantee his safety and he had to go into hiding. Considering himself a victim, he closed himself in indignant silence, so as not to disturb the national war effort.
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71387883
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%20Haefeli
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August Haefeli
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August Haefeli (Häfeli) (29 January 1887 – 5 June 1960) was a Swiss aircraft designer. Under his direction, 185 aircraft were built, and some were flown by such notable airmen as Walter Mittelholzer, Oskar Bider, Robert Ackermann, and Max Cartier.
Haefeli was born in 1887, in Leuzigen, to Emil Haefeli and Marie Haefeli-Bärtschi. After moving to Mümliswil-Ramiswil, he attended school in Balsthal, where his father served as a clerk. He then studied mechanical engineering at the Burgdorf technical center.
From 1912 to 1914 he worked for Henri Farman in Paris, and then in 1914 he was hired on as an engineer at Aerowerke Gustav Otto (Otto Flugmaschinenfabrik in Berlin. From 1915 to 1929 he was chief designer and head of the aircraft construction department at the Eidgenoessische Konstruktionswerkstaette in Thun. Under his leadership, the Häfeli DH-1, Häfeli DH-2, Häfeli DH-3, Häfeli DH-4, Häfeli DH-5 and Militär-Apparat MA-7 were developed. From 1929 to 1947 he was an engineer in Oberdiessbach at Maschinenfabrik Adolf Vogt and in Villeneuve at Construction Mécanique. He then worked as a freelance engineer in Thun until his death in 1960. A memorial stone for Haefeli was erected at the Balsthal baths in Switzerland on 7 June 2019.
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71388072
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunga%20Court
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Nunga Court
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There was no funding to begin with but in 1999 funding was provided for two Aboriginal Justice Officers (AJOs). Further courts were established at Murray Bridge in 2001; at Port Augusta ("Special Aboriginal Court" in July 2001, and "Youth Aboriginal Court" in May 2003); and at Ceduna in July 2003 ("Aboriginal Court").
The former legislation governing the procedure, the Criminal Law (Sentencing) Act 1988 (SA), was amended in 2005 to provide legislative support to the already existing practice of Aboriginal Court Day in magistrates courts. The Sentencing Act 2017 which superseded the earlier law included the provisions.
The South Australian model influenced the establishment of Aboriginal courts in other states, such as the Koori Court in Shepparton, Victoria and the Murri Court in Brisbane, Queensland.
Background
The aim of a Nunga Court is to help bridge cultural barriers and aid Aboriginal defendants' understanding of the law, court practice and procedure when they have committed an offence. Relationships may be built between the court and Aboriginal communities, which helps to reduce offending, and provide better outcomes for the defendants, by referring them to suitable medical, mental health and other rehabilitation services.
It aims to achieve better outcomes than conventional courts, but operates within the existing framework.
According to a 2004 Information Bulletin by South Australia's Office of Crime Statistics and Research, the aims of an Aboriginal court include, among others::
To provide a more culturally appropriate setting than mainstream courts
To reduce the number of Aboriginal deaths in custody
To improve court participation rates of Aboriginal people
To break the cycle of Aboriginal offending
To involve victims and the community as far as possible in the ownership of the court process
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71388124
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welbore%20Ellis%20Agar
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Welbore Ellis Agar
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Welbore Ellis Agar FRS (1735 – 30 October 1805) was an Anglo-Irish gentleman, senior officer of HM Revenue and Customs, and art collector, who lived most of his life in Mayfair, Westminster.
Life
Agar was the middle son of Henry Agar of Gowran Castle, County Kilkenny, and his wife Anne Ellis, a daughter of Welbore Ellis, Bishop of Meath. His elder brother became James Agar, 1st Viscount Clifden, while his younger brother was Charles Agar, a clergyman who as Bishop of Cloyne was created Earl of Normanton in the peerage of Ireland and ended his career as Archbishop of Dublin.
Agar was educated at Westminster School between 1747 and about 1754. After leaving school, he joined HM Revenue and Customs, which gave him a career with good prospects.
Agar lived most of his adult life in Mayfair, and his early years in the metropolis were colourful. He has been identified as the "rich and jovial libertine" called "Sir Edgar", the "Chevalier Egard", or "Egard" who appears in the Memoirs of his friend Giacomo Casanova, who visited England in 1763–64, the two notably sharing in a night of sexual revelry. A letter from Agar to Casanova survives.
In 1769, Agar married Gertrude Hotham, whose mother, a Stanhope, was a sister of the Earl of Chesterfield. The marriage brought Agar land in London and Essex. In 1769, he and his wife each had substantial investments in the East India Company. In letters from Chesterfield to his niece Gertrude, Agar is mentioned fondly. In 1776, Agar was promoted to Commissioner of Customs, and in 1777 to Muster Master General.
Gertrude died in 1780, leaving all her property and £11,000 in investments to her husband. A letter from Agar to Charles Hotham appears to show that he was greatly affected by her death. Later that year, after his inheritance, Agar subscribed £15,000 to a loan, showing a good deal of liquidity, the sum being .
In 1781, Agar was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
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71388352
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heitar%C5%8D%20Takenouchi
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Heitarō Takenouchi
|
The Missing Documents
When Takenouchi was assigned to Paris as the chief military attaché with the embassy in France, a comfort bag was regularly delivered from a person named Kaoru Takeuchi to his home in Kojimachi, Tokyo. In the spring of 1910, while Heitaro Takeuchi was working at the Kure Naval District Government Building, Takeuchi visited the official residence and asked Takenouchi to visit him. His wife, Nuiko, was the first person to meet Takeuchi, but he was the sender who had been sent a comfort bag for more than a dozen years. In order to prepare her tea, Nuiko returned to the Japanese-style building, leaving the woman alone, and by the time she brought the tea confectionery into the drawing room of the Western-style building about 10 minutes later, Takeuchi had already disappeared. After that, when Takenouchi returned to the official residence about 20 minutes later, he checked the study next to the drawing room and found that the "important confidential documents" in the drawer of the desk had been missing. He immediately contacted the Kure gendarmerie, and although a cordon was set up in Kure, he was unable to find Takeuchi.
| 2.046875
| 0
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71388692
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahum%20Tschacbasov
|
Nahum Tschacbasov
|
Nahum Tschacbasov (1899–1984; , ) also known as Nahum Lichter, and Nahum Tschakbassoff, was a Russian-born American painter, printmaker, graphic artist, poet, businessperson, and educator. He used many names including Nahum Lichter, Nathan Richter, H. H. Richter, Hanathan Richter, and Nathan Lichterman. Tschacbasov was a member of "The Ten", a group of expressionist artists.
Early life
He was born on August 31, 1899, in Baku, Russian Empire, into a Georgian Jewish family. In 1905, when he was a young child, his family moved to Chicago because of pogroms. There are varying stories as to why he used different names either due to a forged passport used for immigration; to avoid paying child support; and/or because he was a con-man. He served in the United States Navy from 1917 to 1919.
Career
In the 1920s and 1930s, he worked as a businessman in Chicago where he made a fortune. His second marriage was to his secretary Esther. Tschacbasov moved to France in 1932 to 1933, where he studied painting with Adolph Gottlieb, Marcel Gromaire, and Fernand Léger.
When the family returned to the United States the Tschacbasov family moved to Brooklyn. Early in his career he had a good relationship with artists Milton Avery, Raphael Soyer, Moses Soyer, Isaac Soyer, William Gropper, David Burliuk, and Philip Evergood. In 1935, he was part of a group exhibition at the Gallery Secession alongside Mark Rothko, Gottlieb, and the other artist members of "The Ten".
He taught at the Art Students League of New York. Additionally he taught painting at his own art school in Woodstock, New York; and taught at the Marxist-focused John Reed Club School. His notable art students include Fritzie Abadi, James F. Walker, and his future wife Irene Zevon.
In 1982, Southampton College Press published his illustrated poetry book, Machinery of Fright.
Death and legacy
He died in February 1984 at New York University Hospital. He is buried in New Montefiore Cemetery.
| 2.1875
| 0
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71388706
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnidovirineae
|
Arnidovirineae
|
Arnidovirineae is a suborder of viruses in the order Nidovirales. There are 4 families and 16 genera in the Arnidovirineae suborder.
Hosts
For species that fall under the Arnidovirineae suborder, large mammals serve as natural hosts, with sizes varying from mice to boars and horses. However, for 3 genera snakes and turtles serve as natural hosts.
Genome
Viruses in this suborder have relatively small genomes compared to other suborders in the Nidovirales order, ranging from 12-16kb. These genome differences are the primary identifying factor of the suborder. Species of Arnidovirneae have been found all around the world.
Taxonomy
Families
Arteriviridae
Cremegaviridae
Gresnaviridae
Olifoviridae
Genera
Muarterivirus
Alphaarterivirus
Lambdaarterivirus
Deltaarterivirus
Epsilonarterivirus
Etaarterivirus
Iotaarterivirus
Thetaarterivirus
Zetaarterivirus
Betaarterivirus
Gammaarterivirus
Nuarterivirus
Kappaarterivirus
Pontunivirus
Cyclophivirus
Kukrinivirus
Sibling suborders
Cornidovirineae
Mesnidovirineae
Monidovirineae
Nanidovirineae
Ronidovirineae
Tornidovirineae
| 2.25
| 0
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71388835
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasquale%20Bini
|
Pasquale Bini
|
Pasquale Bini (21 June 1716 – April 1770) was an Italian violinist and composer of the Baroque era. He was a student of Giuseppe Tartini in Padua and later moved to Rome, where he performed under the patronage of Cardinal Fabio degli Abati Olivieri. In 1754, Bini became the concert director and chamber composer at the court of Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg. Much of his work has not survived.
Life
Bini was born in Pesaro in 1716; his family were musicians. He was a favourite pupil of Giuseppe Tartini, to whom he was recommended at the age of fifteen by Cardinal . and studied with Tartini in Padua for three or four years. On moving to Rome, under the patronage of Cardinal Olivieri, he astonished the violinists by his performance, especially Antonio Montanari, the chief violin-player of the time at Rome, who was generally believed to have died of mortification at the superiority of Bini's talents.
Hearing that Tartini had changed his style of playing, he returned to Padua and placed himself for another year under his old master. He returned to Rome in 1738. Cardinal Olivieri died that year; his second patron, Cardinal Troiano Acquaviva d'Aragona, died in 1747, and he returned to Pesaro. He was appointed in 1754 to the court of Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg, as concert director and chamber composer. It is thought he was still there in 1757; he later returned to Pesaro, where he died in 1770.
Emanuele Barbella, and perhaps Luigi Tomasini, were his pupils. Of his compositions, a violin sonata and a violin concerto survives; it is thought much has been lost.
| 2
| 0
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71389650
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannes%20Sula
|
Hannes Sula
|
Hannes Einari Sula (29 June 1894 Tampere – 21 November 1955 Sudbury, Ontario) was a Finnish-Canadian revolutionary who fought in the Finnish Civil War. During the Allied North Russia Intervention he was one of the leading Finns of the British organized Murmansk Legion. In 1920, Sula was exiled to Canada where he worked as a newspaperman and trade unionist.
Life
Sula was born to a carpenter's family in Tampere and raised in Helsinki. He worked as an office clerk and was active in the Social Democratic Party since the early 1910s. Sula was also a talented athlete. In 1916, he won the Finnish Championship in 100 meter run.
During the 1918 Civil War, Sula served in the Red administration. In late March, he joined the Helsinki Red Guard and fought in the Battle of Tampere. After the Battle of Helsinki, Sula was a member of a delegation sent to the Murman Railway to organize Red troops in the north. In June 1918, Sula joined the Murmansk Legion serving as a company leader in Knyazhaya Guba. With Aarne Orjatsalo and August Wesley he formed an opposition against the pro-Bolshevik Verner Lehtimäki, the Finnish commander of the Murmansk Legion. As the Murmansk Legion was disbanded, Sula was one of the legionnaries the Finnish Government banned of returning Finland despite the amnesty. Finally in November 1920, the group of 40 men received an asylum in Canada.
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| 0
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71389995
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salis%20Daiches
|
Salis Daiches
|
Daiches often also was involved with the larger Presbyterian Christian community. He publicly denounced Christian missionaries that were attempting to convert poor Jewish immigrants. He also challenged the city on religious education in state schools, lobbying until Edinburgh made free Hebrew classes available four days a week at Sciennes Primary School. This also led to more mixing of immigrant and anglicised children. Despite some of these more contentious relations, Daiches also worked for Christian-Jewish harmony, especially as World War II approached. In 1938, he founded a Jewish-Christian Fellowship Movement with Reverend Magnus Nicholson of Fountainbridge Church in order to promote dialogue between the two communities.
Publications
Aspects of Judaism: Selected Essays. London: George Routledge & Sons Ltd, 1928
A Hebrew Grammar for Beginners. By Rev Duncan Cameron and Rev Salis Daiches. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1939
The Hebrew - English edition of the Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Baba Mezi'a. By Salis Daiches & H Freedman. London: Soncino Press, 1962
| 2.640625
| 0
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71390167
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucocoprinus%20citrinellus
|
Leucocoprinus citrinellus
|
Leucocoprinus citrinellus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1898 by the Argentinian mycologist Carlo Luigi Spegazzini who classified it as Lepiota citrinella.
In 1937 the Austrian-born Brazilian mycologist Johannes Rick described Lepiota citrinella var. serrata which he considered a variant based on the finely serrated gills and cylindrical spores. However this is now also considered a synonym.
The species was reclassified as Leucocoprinus citrinellus in 1987 by the mycologist Jörg Raithelhuber.
In 1932 the Belgian mycologist Maurice Beeli also classified a species as Lepiota citrinella and it was included in an illustrated book in 1936. However, as the name had already been used by Spegazzini, Beeli's classification was illegitimate. This species was later classified as Leucocoprinus beelianus by the Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann in 1977.
Description
Leucocoprinus citrinellus is a pale yellow dapperling mushroom which may discolour brownish with age.
Cap: Bright yellow with thin, insignificant flesh. Elliptical when immature and 5-7mm wide expanding to 1.5–2 cm wide and flattening as it ages with a 2-3mm wide umbo. The cap surface is covered in small powdery scales with striations that run from the edges to halfway up the cap. Gills: Free, crowded and yellowy white. Stem: 2–4 cm long and 1.5mm thick expanding slightly towards the base which is wider but not bulbous and presents with sparse white, cottony mycelium. The stem surface is yellow white and also powdery or scaly (furfuraceous) and the interior flesh hollows slightly with age. The yellowy white stem ring is thin, membranous and descending. It is persistent but movable and also exhibits scales on the edges. Spores: Ovate or subequilateral. 6 x 4 μm.
| 2.09375
| 0
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71390992
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alf%20Tergel
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Alf Tergel
|
Alf Henry Tergel (8 August 1935 – 15 October 2007) was a Swedish church historian.
Education and career
Alf Tergel did his doctorate in church history and was a university lecturer in religious studies from 1969 to 1999. He was acting professor of church history 1983–1987 and of mission studies 1999–2003. He was appointed Professor of Church History in 2000, but continued until his retirement to hold the Professorship of Missionary Studies. Throughout his academic career he served at Uppsala University. His research profile focused on the church's relationship with society. The doctoral dissertation dealt with the relationship of the young church movement to the labor issue and nationalism at the beginning of the 20th century. He then wrote an international perspective on the church's relationship to industrialization, the Cold War and capitalism. His textbook (From Jesus to Mao), later titled (From Jesus to Mother Teresa), was for thirty years a basic textbook for students of church history. In the book, Tergel provides historical perspectives on the position of Christianity and the church in today's and tomorrow's world. The main theme is the interplay between Christianity and the environment. The book provides an easily accessible introduction to the history of Christianity and presents an overview of the effects of the Christian message on the outside world, as well as how people and environments affected this message from the appearance of Jesus and into our own time. Tergel lived almost his entire life in Sigtuna. He was the son of Algot Tergel, well-known publicist and director of the Church of Sweden's lay school. They are buried at Sigtuna cemetery.
Bibliography
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71390999
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucocoprinus%20austrofragilis
|
Leucocoprinus austrofragilis
|
Leucocoprinus austrofragilis is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1992 by the Australian mycologist John Errol Chandos Aberdeen who classified it as Leucocoprinus austrofragilis.
Description
Leucocoprinus austrofragilis is a cream or very pale brown dapperling mushroom known from Australia.
Cap: 1-2.5cm wide, convex and flattening with membranous flesh. The surface is cream or very light brown with a dark brown umbo at the centre and minute brown scales across the entire surface which quickly vanish. The cap edges have striations. Stem: 3-3.5cm long and 1.5-2mm thick tapering upwards from the 2-3mm thick base. It is smooth and whitish with a slightly brown tint. The membranous stem ring is located below the middle of the stem (inferior) but is not persistent and may vanish. Gills: Free, crowded and white but discolouring slightly when dry. Spore print: Pale whitish, nearly white. Spores: Elliptical with a pore. Dextrinoid. 7-9 x 5.5-6 μm.
Habitat and distribution
L. austrofragilis is scarcely recorded and little known. The specimens studied by Aberdeen were collected by A.B. Cribb in March 1963 who found them growing in grass during wet weather in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The GBIF and the Atlas of Living Australia only have the single record submitted by Aberdeen as well as some unconfirmed observations from iNaturalist.
| 1.929688
| 0
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71391029
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Sapphire%20%281758%29
|
HMS Sapphire (1758)
|
HMS Sapphire was a 32-gun Royal Navy frigate launched in 1758 to serve in the Seven Years' War.
Service history
She was originally commissioned under the name of Captain Temple West and built as a hull at Carter's Yard in Limehouse before going to Deptford for creation of her superstructure, launching in 1741. At this stage she had 44 guns and a crew of 250.
Despite moderate success she did not handle well and she was paid off in 1748 and sent to Deptford to cut her down in size.
She was then rebuilt by Adam Hayes at Deptford Dockyard and was launched on 22 June 1758, under command of the renowned Captain John Strachan with a crew of 210 men.
Sapphire had a brief but active career under Strachan:
1 February 1759 captured the French privateer "Le Saint Michel" under temporary command of John Carter Allen
20 November 1759 played an important role in the huge Battle of Quiberon Bay against the assembled French fleet
In 1760 she joined the Western Squadron and was based off Le Havre capturing the French privateer "Le Saint Claud" on 2 February 1761.
She was paid off in March 1763 after less than 5 years service, as unaffordable to repair and sold at Sheerness in March 1764 for £200 (her original build cost was almost £11,000). Her fate is then unknown.
| 2.046875
| 0
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71391065
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowles%20Mill
|
Knowles Mill
|
Knowles Mill is the remains of an eighteenth-century water-powered grain mill, located in the Wyre Forest in Worcestershire, England. The mill has been owned by the National Trust since 1938. The mill and its surroundings feature extant machinery, as well as notable populations of adders and wood cranesbill.
Background
Knowles Mill is a Grade II listed water-powered grain mill, located on Dowles Brook, in the Wyre Forest, Bewdley, Worcestershire. The forest is the UK's largest National Nature Reserve and is administered by Forestry England, Worcestershire Wildlife Trust and Natural England. However the mill, as well as the mill pond, meadow, cottage and gardens are National Trust property.
The mill is approximately from the nearest car park. The path to the mill roughly follows Dowles Brook stream. The site also includes Knowles Mill Cottage, which is not accessible to the public. The woodland Knowles Coppice surrounds the mill to the south.
History
One of nine possible mills that historically worked on Dowles Brook, Knowles Mill was built in the eighteenth century, and was later modified in the nineteenth century. The surviving building is two storeys high and the site also preserves an overshot mill wheel made of iron and a great spur wheel, alongside other remnant machinery. The first record of a mill on the site dates to 1757 when it was listed as for sale in a local newspaper. However there is documentary evidence preceding 1757 that lists owners of the land that the mill was built on. These owners include Arthur Palmer, c.1661, Edward Wheeler, c.1693, Roger Hunt, c.1704, Antony Betts, c.1717, Edward Faulkner, c.1722 and Daniel Crun, c.1735.
| 2.359375
| 0
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71392012
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prudential%20Steamship%20Corporation
|
Prudential Steamship Corporation
|
History
Stephan Stephanidis was born in Greece and immigrated to America. In 1933 he started the Prudential Steamship Corporation with one old cargo ship. Prudential Steamship Corporation operated US charter ships during World War II. Prudential Steamship Corporation made a number of management errors starting in the 1950s that kept it near bankruptcy. Fellow Greek, Spyros Skouras, loaned Stephanidis money to keep Prudential Steamship Corporation in operations. Spyros Skouras was a motion picture and film executive. He became the president of the 20th Century-Fox from 1942 to 1962. When Stephan Stephanidis died in 1960, Spyros S. Skouras became the owner of Prudential Steamship Corporation due to the large loan he had made to the firm. Spyros Solon Skouras son, Spyros S. Skouras, became the head of Prudential Steamship Corporation. Spyros S. Skouras had founded Admiralty Enterprises, Inc. for ships owned by the family and as the management firm of the Prudential Lines. In late 1969, Grace Line was sold to the Prudential Lines for $44.5 million, with the merged company renamed Prudential Grace Line. Prudential Grace Line was sold to Delta Steamship Lines in 1978. Subsequently, Delta Steamship Lines was itself acquired and consolidated by Crowley Maritime in 1982. The sale did not end Prudential Steamship Corporation financial and management problems. In 1978 Plato A. Skouras took the family company to court, with claims for mismanagement, in Skouras v. Admiralty Enterprises, Inc.
In 1981 Prudential Lines near bankruptcy, the United States Government gave the firm a 10-year $2.6 million loan.
In 1981 to raise funds Prudential Lines sold its South American shipping operations, of seven ships, for $75 million to Delta Steamship Lines, Inc. a subsidiary of Holiday Inns, Inc. In 1986 Prudential Lines went into involuntary Chapter 11 bankruptcy by three of its creditors. Asbestos-related claims also were added to the bankruptcy filing.
| 2.0625
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71392059
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunomine%20Onsen
|
Yunomine Onsen
|
Yunomine Onsen is a hot spring system and resort town in Tanabe, near Hongu Town in southern Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. The Tsuboyu bath is located there, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Description
Yunomine Onsen is considered one of the oldest thermal spring systems in Japan, and was discovered 1,800 years ago. For over 1000 years, people have made pilgrimage to the onsen to participate in hot spring water purification rituals to prepare for visiting Kumano Hongu Taisha shrine to worship. The UNESCO inscribed Kumano Kodo Pilgrimage Route passes through the onsen town. It's located in a narrow, deep valley in the Kumano mountain range, along the Nakahechi Trail of the Kumano Kodo.
A hot creek flows through Yunomine Onsen. The World Heritage site of Tsuboyu Bath; a small, wooden cabin houses a stone-lined hot spring. The soaking pool only fits one or two people. Legends exist claiming that the waters of Tsuboyu have "miraculous healing" properties. Several kabuki plays refer to the Tsuboyu bath including the tale of “Oguri Hangan and Princess Terute”, in which the former is healed from a debilitating illness. Folklore asserts the hot spring water changes in color seven times throughout each day. Legends claim that the thermal spring water was found flowing out of a stone statue of Yakushi Nyorai, the Buddha of healing and medicine. The statue is now located at the Toko-ji Buddhist temple.
The Yunomine Public Bathhouse is located next to the Toko-ji temple. A stone sculpture memorializing the monk and high priest Genpo is located on the bathhouse grounds.
| 2.046875
| 0
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71392333
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Kapschutschenko
|
Peter Kapschutschenko
|
Peter Kapschutschenko, also referred to as Petro Kapschutschenko or Pedro Enko; (1915-2006) was a Ukrainian and American avant-garde artist and sculptor. Among his many works are the bronze monuments of Metropolitan Vasyl Lypkivsky and St. Olga of Kiev (1983 and 1987 respectively) which stand on the grounds of St. Andrew Memorial Church (South Bound Brook, New Jersey).
Biography
Kapschutschenko studied sculpture in his hometown at the Dinpropetrovsk Fine Arts Institute in Ukraine. In 1941, at the age of 26, he was taken to a forced labor camp in Germany during the Reichskommissariat Ukraine. After the war he remained in a Displaced Persons Camp in Regensburg, Germany until 1949, when he resettled in Argentina. Known as Pedro Enko in Argentina, Kapschutschenko continued making sculpture and was appointed Honorary Member of the "Universidad Libre de Humanidades de Buenos Aires" for his outstanding contributions to the culture of Argentina.
In 1963 Kapschutschenko, together with his wife Zoja and daughter Ludmila, relocated to Philadelphia. Teaching at the Ukrainian Art Studio in Philadelphia, his reputation grew and by the 1990s his sculpture had been shown in dozens of exhibitions throughout North America. Following Ukrainian Independence, Kapschutschenko held a series of solo exhibitions at museums in Ukraine including those at the National University Ostroh Academy, and the National Museum Taras Shevchenko. In 2005, he was awarded the Presidential Order of Merit (Ukraine) by President Viktor Yushchenko.
Artistic themes
Kapschutschenko created approximately 7,000 works in terra cotta, bronze and porcelain, among other media. Throughout his career Kapschutschenko focused on Ukrainian motifs in his work, often portraying tableaus of Cossack life. Additionally Kapschutschenko created sculptural portraits of several important Ukrainian figures including Ivan Mazepa and Taras Shevchenko.
| 2.203125
| 0
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71392524
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian%20cavalry
|
Brazilian cavalry
|
Throughout the colonial period, cavalry was recruited from different social strata. In colonial Rio Grande do Sul, a militarized, frontier and pastoral society, the cavalry militia was constituted with peons. It was commanded by its ranchers "like the contingents of feudal barons"; they were charismatic leaders who organized the force from their own lands. Mobilized only for war or to fight indigenous peoples, the troops did not follow orthodox military discipline, increasing and decreasing with desertions and admissions. The peons were well adapted to the terrain and riding; they improvised spears and lived in a society where the horse was of great importance. The militias were almost all cavalry, but as in the rest of the country, there was little regular cavalry. In the 18th century, a Dragoon and an Auxiliary regiment appeared in the captaincy. Another southern phenomenon was the recruitment of indigenous people as lancers; these indigenous people were forming nomad societies based on horses. With the transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil a regiment of Guarani lancers was created in the Missões region.
Then prince regent John of Portugal deemed cavalry necessary to ensure the country's military capabilities, and several regiments were created in the early 19th century. They were armed with 17mm and 19mm Tower or Brown Bess flintlock carbines, 19mm flintlock pistols, spears and sabres.
Empire of Brazil
| 2.78125
| 0
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71393385
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf%20Schlosser
|
Rudolf Schlosser
|
Rudolf Schlosser (4 April 1880 – 11 December 1944) was a German pastor, social worker and Quaker. As part of the Quakers, he helped people persecuted in Nazi Germany emigrate and escape.
Biography
Early life and education (1880-1905)
Schlosser was born into a family of Lutheran pastors in Gießen. He had a brother named Hans and a sister named Grete.
In 1895, he started studying theology in Halle, Gießen and Marburg. After completing his studies, he worked as a volunteer for the Bethel Foundation.
Pastoral, political and welfare work (1905-1933)
In 1905, he began working as a vicar in Hesse. In 1910, he traveled to England for the first time as part of the Inner Mission to attend a meeting of the Young Men's Christian Association.
In 1914, during World War I, he was drafted into the German military, first as a medic, later switching to military service, before being discharged after being wounded.
In 1916, he started working as a pastor in Chemnitz. As a member of the SPD, he founded a nursery as well as a socialist working group. He was connected to a group of religious socialists surrounding Emil Fuchs.
As a pacifist, he started distancing himself from the German Lutheran church during this time because of the church's increasingly militarist stance.
He became the director of the municipal children's home in Chemnitz, which was an institution dedicated to helping troubled youths. In 1926, he started working in a similar position in a facility near Lübeck. In 1928, he moved back to Saxony, starting to work in yet another similar facility in Bräunsdorf.
In 1931, he joined the Quakers at their annual meeting in Dresden, having come into contact with them both through acquaintances from the religious socialists, as well as through meeting Quakers from abroad who lived in Chemnitz. His wife also became a Quaker in 1933.
| 2.015625
| 0
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71393795
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalenabradys
|
Magdalenabradys
|
Magdalenabradys is an extinct genus of mylodontid ground sloths that lived during the Middle Miocene and Early Pliocene of what is now Colombia and Venezuela. Fossils have been found in the Villavieja Formation of the Honda Group in Colombia, and the Codore and Urumaco Formations of Venezuela.
Discovery
The first remains of Magdalenabradys were found in the Villavieja Formation of the Honda Group in the strata of the Tatacoa Desert of the Huila Department. The holotype of M. confusum was found about 9 km east of Villavieja and 2.5 km northeast of Hacienda Argentina, Huila. The holotype consisted of a crushed and distorted skull. The femur is based on eight specimens from six localities, including one femur from a partial skeleton that included a skull and mandible (specimens UCMP 3800, 37999). The cranium and partial mandible of both species were originally assigned to Bolivartherium urumaquensis.
Etymology
The generic name, Magdalenabradys is derived from the Magdalena River, in which the type specimen was found and confusum meaning "confused" in reference to the fact that it has originally been confused with Pseudoprepotherium. A second species, M. kolossiaia, was named in 2020. The specific epithet means "colossal".
Taxonomy
Magdalenabradys confusum was originally assigned to the genus Pseudoprepotherium by Sue Ellen Hirschfeld in 1985. However, it was subsequently found to be a distinct genus 35 years later in 2020. Magdalenabradys is considered to be a derived mylodontid, closely related to Lestodon, Pseudoprepotherium, and Thinobadistes.
Below is a phylogenetic tree of the Mylodontidae, based on the work of Rincón and McDonald 2020, showing the position of Magdalenabradys.
| 2.5
| 0
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71393795
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalenabradys
|
Magdalenabradys
|
The Honda Group in Colombia is known for its diverse abundance of fauna, such as xenarthrans, ungulates, primates, rodents, metatherians, crocodilians, turtles, snakes, birds, and fish. There are 2 subunits of the Honda Group; the Villavieja Formation and the La Victoria Formation. Magdalenabradys fossils are only known from the former formation of the Honda Group.
Mammals from the Honda Group included the fellow mylodontid sloths Brievabradys and Glossotheriopsis, as well as the scelidotheriid Neonematherium, the basal megatherioid Hapalops and the nothrotheriid Huilabradys, cingulates such as the dasypodids Anadasypus and Nanoastegotherium, the pachyarmathere Neoglyptatelus, the pampathere Scirrotherium, and the glyptodont Boreostemma. In addition, the anteater Neotamandua was also present. Ungulates from the Honda Group included the astrapotheres Granastrapotherium, Hilarcotherium, and Xenastrapotherium, the litopterns Megadolodus, Mesolicaphrium, Neodolodus, Theosodon, and Villarroelia, and the notoungulates Huilatherium, Pericotoxodon, and Miocochilius. Metatherians from the Honda group included the sparassodonts Anachlysictis, Dukecynus, Hondadelphys, and Lycopsis, the microbiotherians Micoureus Pachybiotherium, the didelphid Thylamys, the paucituberculates Hondathentes and Pitheculites. Rodents of the Honda Group included various genera of caviomorphs, such as Acarechimys, Eodolichotis, Microscleromys, Microsteiromys, Neoreomys, Olenopsis Prodolichotis, Rhodanodolichotis, Ricardomys, Scleromys, and Steiromys. Birds of the Honda Group included the species Aramus paludigrus, Galbula hylochoreutes, and Hoazinoides magdalenae. Reptiles of the Honda Group included crocodylomorphs, snakes, and turtles, such as the sebecid Langstonia, the alligatorids Balanerodus, Eocaiman, Mourasuchus and Purussaurus the gavialid Gryposuchus, and the crocodile Charactosuchus, the turtles Chelus colombiana, Podocnemis medemi, and Geochelone hesterna, and the snakes Colombophis and Eunectes stirtoni.
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71394412
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20Luzon%20earthquake
|
2022 Luzon earthquake
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The earthquake occurred as a result of oblique-reverse faulting. Preliminary analysis indicates that the earthquake occurred on either of a low-angle reverse fault dipping to the east with a small component of left-lateral (strike-slip) motion, or on a steeply dipping reverse fault dipping to the northwest with a small component of right-lateral motion. The earthquake depth, mechanism, and location are consistent with the earthquake having occurred in the Philippine Sea plate above the Sunda plate. The Sunda plate subducts eastward beneath Luzon with the plate boundary located off the western coast of Luzon. According to the USGS, the seismic moment released was 5.4e+19 N-m, corresponding to a moment magnitude of 7.1 (). A finite fault obtained from seismic inversion suggest rupture occurred along an east-dipping thrust fault, and produced a maximum displacement of .
It was reported as 7.3 by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS). The report was later revised to an earthquake of 7.0 with the epicenter N 25° W of Tayum, Abra at a depth of .
Despite being a relatively shallow event, no surface ruptures were identified. A focal mechanism analysis indicate rupture on a reverse fault with either a northeast–southwest striking, steep dipping (69°) plane or a north–south, shallow dipping (8°) plane.
| 2.234375
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71394700
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokushima%20Domain%20Hachisuka%20clan%20cemetery
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Tokushima Domain Hachisuka clan cemetery
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Mannenyama cemetery
In 1766, Hachisuka Shigeyoshi established a new clan cemetery based on Confucianism and relocated the grave of the 8th daimyō, Hachisuka Muneshige, to the location. The Manneyama cemetery grew to contain the graves of the succeeding daimyō of Tokushima Domain to the 14th and final daimyō Hachisuka Mochiaki, as well as the tombs of 67 wives, concubines, children and relatives. In 1971, the grave of Hachisuka Masakatsu was relocated to this cemetery from the temple of Kokuon-ji in Tennōji-ku, Osaka. The grave area is about 320 meters east–west by about 780 meters north–south, with an inscription engraved on the bedrock of crystalline schist on the hillside, about 3 meters high and about 8 meters wide. Before World War II, the cemetery was maintained by the former vassals of the clan. However, after the war, the cemetery was not well maintained, and many of the gravestones which had collapsed in the 1946 Nankai earthquake were left unrepaired. The National Historic Site designation has released government funding for the restoration of the site .
| 2.203125
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71394928
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323%20European%20windstorm%20season
|
2022–23 European windstorm season
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Storm Ariel was named by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service on 29 November 2022. The same system was named as Yuki by Deutscher Wetterdienst. Ariel caused power outages in many cities and islands. Several schools were closed in Skopelos. Ariel dissipated on 2 December 2022.
Storm Efraín
Storm Efraín was named on 10 December 2022. Crossing the cold waters heading towards the Azores and the Iberian Peninsula, a powerful anticyclone blocking its path to higher latitudes, the storm quickly intensified thanks to the presence of an atmospheric river of subtropical origin associated with its southern flank. The storm hit the Iberian Peninsula and France from 13 to 16 December before dissipating.
Efraín brought strong winds, heavy rains and rough seas to the Azores. Flooding due to heavy rains affected the provinces of Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha in Spain. Strong gusts and rain caused landslides on the famous Caminito del Rey in Andalusia. Several stations in Madrid have been forced to close due to flooding. An environmental officer drowned during a flood in Villarino de los Aires (Salamanca).
In Portugal, Efraín caused flooding in the Tagus River basin. According to the Portuguese Civil Protection Agency, a government body, some 5,000 rescue workers were on duty across the country and authorities estimated the damage at millions of euros.
In France, the freezing rain and snow associated with the warm front of the system disrupted transport. Two accidents in Saône-et-Loire caused the death of a motorist on the A39 motorway and two truck drivers on a secondary road. The Minister of Transport, Clément Beaune, announced the cancellation of part of the flights from Orly and Roissy-Charles-de-Gaulle airports. In Lyon, all the buses remained stationary for part of a morning to avoid accidents.
Storm Gaia (Birgit)
Storm Gaia was named on 10 December 2022. In preparation, Greece issued warnings as trees fell and flooding caused by heavy rain occurred.
Storm Fien (Harto)
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71394989
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srishti-drishti-vada
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Srishti-drishti-vada
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Srishti-drishti-vada (Sanskrit: सृष्टिदृष्टिवाद; sṛīṣṭīdṛīṣṭivāda) or 'the doctrine of perception through creation', is the opponent school of drishti-srishti-vada. It affirms the world as the primary reality on which perception is dependent. In short, if there were no real world, there would not be any perception of it either. It is regarded as the "common sense view of things".
Terminology
Srishti means "creation", drishti means "vision" or "perception" and vada means "philosophy" or "argument". Thus srishti-drishti-vada is the view that creation precedes perception; drishti-srishti-vada is the view that perception precedes creation.
In Hermeneutics
While drishti-srishti-vada is the idealist view of interpretation, srishti-drishti-vada is the realist view of interpretation. The former contends that what one sees defines reality while the latter contends that what exists defines vision. According to G.P. Deshpande, one encounters this hermeneutical problem in any act of interpretation, especially of a text (which is srishti or artwork created by an author): "the director looks at it in a particular way, and the actor looks at it in a particular way" giving rise to a case of drishtisrishtivada. He argues:
The vision or the way the text is looked at ultimately decides its character. And that is why you have different productions of the same play, productions apparently using the same text but so different that they appear to be based on different texts.
| 2.375
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71395244
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20State%E2%80%93Marshall%20football%20rivalry
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Appalachian State–Marshall football rivalry
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The Appalachian State–Marshall football rivalry, known colloquially as The Old Mountain Feud, is a college rivalry between the Mountaineers of Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina, and the Thundering Herd of Marshall University in Huntington, West Virginia. The rivalry is significant for the competitiveness of the contests, as well as its place in contemporary Appalachian culture. Both campuses residing in the Appalachian Mountains, the two public universities both were once teacher's academies.
The football programs were dominant during their time in the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS). From 1986–1996 the Southern Conference foes won at least a share of the conference title a combined eight times (Marshall ended the 1988 season tied with Furman for first). Nationally, the teams have combined for three Walter Payton Awards and five national championships. Marshall transitioned to the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) in 1997. Appalachian State moved to the FBS in 2014. Both programs continued to enjoy on-field success after their respective conference changes.
Appalachian State leads the all-time series, 16–11. The rivalry was played annually 1977–1996. The rivalry resumed annual play in the 2020 season and is an in-conference rivalry again as Marshall joined Appalachian State in the Sun Belt Conference East Division in 2022.
History
Marshall's football program began in 1895 and the program at Appalachian State began in 1928. However, the Thundering Herd and Mountaineers did not meet until Marshall joined the Southern Conference in 1977. The teams were both in contention for Southern Conference titles during the seasons, and in the offseason the coaches would vie for the same regional recruits. In 1995, the fervor was so intense that the Marshall fans attacked the Appalachian State team bus on its way to Joan C. Edwards Stadium.
| 2.140625
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71395336
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20Fusion%20Centre%20%E2%80%93%20Indian%20Ocean%20region
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Information Fusion Centre – Indian Ocean region
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The Information Fusion Centre – Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) is a regional maritime security centre hosted by the Indian Navy. Launched in December 2018, the centre works towards enhancing maritime security and safety in the Indian Ocean. Currently, the IFC-IOR has International Liaison Officers (ILO) from 12 partner nations. It also has more than 65 international working-level linkages with nations and multi-national/ maritime security centres.
Background
The sea lanes in the Indian Ocean are considered among the most strategically important in the world with more than 80 percent of the world's seaborne trade in oil transits through the Indian Ocean and its vital chokepoints, with 40 percent passing through the Strait of Hormuz, 35 percent through the Strait of Malacca and 8 percent through the Bab el-Mandeb. 75 percent of the world's maritime trade also passes through the IOR.
Challenges like maritime terrorism, piracy and armed robbery, human and contraband trafficking, Illegal Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) fishing, gun running and poaching require situational awareness of the maritime activities. To facilitate information sharing, cooperation and expertise development, a need for regional collaboration was felt. IFC-IOR was envisaged to address this very need to promote collaboration for maritime safety and security in view of the Indian Ocean Region's importance with respect to world trade and security.
Launch
IFC-IOR was launched by the Minister of Defence Nirmala Sitharaman on 22 December 2018 at Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) Gurugram, along with the then Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Sunil Lanba.
Role
IFC-IOR was envisaged to be a nodal centre of excellence for promoting collaborative Maritime Safety and Security; towards a peaceful, stable and prosperous Indian Ocean Region. The mission of the centre is:
| 2.1875
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71395494
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susanna%20Avery-Quash
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Susanna Avery-Quash
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Susanna Mary Avery-Quash (born 1970) is a British art historian, curator, and author.
Early life
Avery-Quash is a daughter of Charles Avery of Beckenham, and his wife Kathleen Jones. When she was born, her father was deputy keeper of sculpture at the Victoria and Albert Museum and later directed the sculpture department of Christie's. She was educated at St Paul's Girls' School and Peterhouse, Cambridge, where she took a first degree in modern languages, followed by a diploma at the Courtauld Institute of Art, and then returned to Cambridge to graduate Ph.D.
Known in her early life as Susanna M. Avery, on her marriage to Ben Quash, also a member of Peterhouse, she added his name to her own.
Career
In 1997, Avery-Quash was appointed as Munby Fellow in Bibliography at the University of Cambridge, then in 2002 became a lecturer in the history of art there. From 2006 to 2009 she was Eastlake Research Fellow at the National Gallery, since when she has held other posts, including senior research curator (history of collecting) and assistant curator. She is senior research fellow in the history of art at the University of Buckingham and an honorary research fellow at Birkbeck, University of London.
She is also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London and a trustee of the Francis Haskell Memorial Fund and the Society for the History of Collecting.
Avery-Quash researches the National Gallery’s collections of art and is curator for 19th-century items in its history collection. She writes about the history of art collections, both private and public, and the growth of the art market. A focus of her research has been Sir Charles Eastlake, founding director of the National Gallery. With Julie Sheldon she is co-author of a biography of Eastlake, Art for the Nation: The Eastlakes and the Victorian Art World (2011) and is editor of The Travel Notebooks of Charles Eastlake (2011).
| 2.34375
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71395904
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myia%20%28mythology%29
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Myia (mythology)
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In Lucian of Samosata's works, Myia () is a young girl who fell in love with Endymion and was transformed by the lunar goddess Selene into a fly, a small insect bearing her name.
Etymology
The ancient Greek noun translates to 'fly', and is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mus-ih2, thus being cognate with the Latin musca.
Mythology
In his satirical second-century work Praising a Fly (, ), author Lucian of Samosata (modern Samsat) related the—otherwise unattested—myth of Myia, an exceedingly fair but also very chatty young maiden who fell in love with Endymion, a very handsome mortal man who had been granted immortality via eternal slumber. With her endless chatter Myia would wake up Endymion, irritating him and enraging the moon goddess Selene, his lover. Selene then transformed the talkative girl into a fly, who annoys sleeping people to this day, in memory of her love and her deeds in her previous life.
Culture
An ancient Greek proverb connected to this story was (literally 'the fly's boldness'), said for those who were of excessive boldness.
Similarly to the myth of the boy-turned-rooster Alectryon (also surviving in the works of Lucian) Myia's story is an aetiological myth which nonetheless does not link its protagonist to a specific Greek place or lineage, with a starting point in another, more popular myth, rather than an animal-based cult. Likewise, it is impossible to say whether the myth is just an invention of Lucian's or a genuine popular fable about animals.
| 2.328125
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72905656
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallus%2C%20Bishop%20of%20Transylvania
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Gallus, Bishop of Transylvania
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Gallus (; died 1269 or 1270) was a Hungarian prelate in the 13th century, who served as the Bishop of Transylvania from 1246 until his death. He made serious efforts to repopulate his diocese after the First Mongol invasion of Hungary.
Election
It is possible he is identical with that namesake cleric, who functioned as guardian (custos) of the collegiate chapter of Székesfehérvár from 1243 to 1244. During his election, Gallus held the title of provost, but it is not known which cathedral or collegiate chapter he was the head of. His predecessor Artolf was transferred to the Diocese of Győr in the autumn of 1245. A royal charter refers to the Diocese of Transylvania as sede vacante (episcopal vacancy) on 12 December 1245. Gallus was elected as bishop by the cathedral chapter of Transylvania sometime in late 1245 or the early months of 1246. His name first appears in contemporary records in May 1246.
Since the Mongol invasion of 1241–1242, the office was virtually vacant (the appointment of Artolf had been more formal than factual). Voivode Lawrence thus lacked the support of some of the most important pillars in restoring order and royal power and managed the church's properties in Transylvania himself under secular control. The election of Gallus marked the end of the state of emergency in the province.
| 1.976563
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72905904
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birdwell%20Rock%20Petroglyph%20Site
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Birdwell Rock Petroglyph Site
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The Birdwell Rock Petroglyph Site is an archeological site featuring a large sandstone boulder elaborately decorated with prehistoric markings, located at the edge of the San Joaquin Valley, near Coalinga, Fresno County, California. Birdwell Rock is one of many Native American rock art sites in close proximity.
History
In 1987, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF) initiated an archeological field survey in the vicinity of Los Gatos Creek Canyon, approximately 20 miles northwest of Coalinga. CDF intended to perform controlled burns in the area and wanted to locate and evaluate any archeological sites that would potentially be affected.
Two archeological sites had already been recorded nearby: Joaquin Mill (CA-FRE-1345), an extensive prehistoric site located along White creek recorded by Jim Woodward and Don Manuel in a 1980 archeological site report as well as Cupule Point (CA-FRE-2109), a cluster of sandstone boulders decorated with cupules, which was recorded in a 1986 archeological report. The Birdwell Rock site was not officially recorded but it was visited by a staff archeologist for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in 1982 who generically referred to it as "Westside Solstice Site".
The CDF field survey crew visited known archeological sites and were told about more potential sites by local ranchers and landowners. In a 1990 report describing the results of the survey, archeologists Daniel G. Foster and Richard C. Jenkins named and recorded the Birdwell Rock site for the first time as well as four more new sites in the area. CA-FRE-2244 was assigned to Birdwell Rock as a Smithsonian trinomial archeological site identifier. "Birdwell" is a reference to the landowner who provided access to the site, Kenneth Birdwell.
The Birdwell Rock site and nearby rock art sites have continued to be a subject of academic study. The exact address is kept confidential to prevent vandalism.
| 2.5
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72906849
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Dowdle
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James Dowdle
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For ten years Dowdle campaigned in New Zealand, the United States of America and Canada (1888), Norway, Denmark and Germany. He arrived in Australia in 1878 before becoming Divisional Officer of the Northern Territory of Australia in 1880. Here, in one year, Dowdle travelled 23,500 miles, visited 160 centres and conducted 1,200 Meetings, making more than 6,500 converts. Colonel Dowdle and his wife returned to Australia in 1894, landing at Adelaide where a reception was held in their honour at the town hall. The two had been touring the world for the past year and a half visiting Salvation Army centres where they lead revival meetings.
He became a close friend and adviser to General William Booth. His preaching style, for which he became known as the "Fiery Fiddler", was to place his instrument case on the ground and warn the people around to stand back as it was about to go off. Once a crowd had gathered he would harangue them for ten minutes before plucking his "Hallelujah Fiddle" from under his arm to play and sing a Salvationist hymn. In this way in 1867 he converted Mother Shepherd who became known as the "Hallelujah Washerwoman" as she witnessed and preached around London.
On one occasion while preaching with his wife during a Salvationist service he was approached by a lame young girl who was healed. On hearing of this her father declared, "Walking and cured in The Salvation Army is she? I’ll cure her of that blasphemous nonsense." Taking his heavy stick he went intending to beat her back into her former condition. But, on seeing her, no longer limping but now walking upright and unaided, her heart full of joy and her crutches being carried by a woman behind her, he dropped his stick and marvelled.
Later years
Diagnosed with heart disease in Melbourne in Australia as a result of his great exertions there, in 1896 he and his wife returned to London where they resided at 37 Mayola Road in Clapham.
| 2.625
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72908169
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea%E2%80%93Sierra%20Leone%20relations
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Guinea–Sierra Leone relations
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The Guinea–Sierra Leone relations are foreign relations between two neighbouring West African nations. After gaining independence (Guinea in 1958 and Sierra Leone in 1961) initial relations between the two countries in the Cold War context turned to be tense due to conservative strategy of Sierra Leone (advocating strong links with the former Metropole) and much more Pan-African and pro-socialist leanings of Guinea.
In 1960 Sierra Leone invited President of Guinea Ahmed Sékou Touré to visit Freetown (his first official state visit since 1958 independence) where he together with Chief Minister of Sierra Leone Milton Margai described their countries as "sister states" and expressed their commitment for further cooperation with Milton Margai visiting Guinea next year on his return trip. In 1961 Guinea was among the countries that officially sponsored Sierra Leone's candidacy for membership in the United Nations. Initial tense relations nevertheless improved more significantly only after Albert Margai got into power in Sierra Leone in 1964 leading to 1967 Mutual Defence Pact. Siaka Stevens took power in Sierra Leone that same year with Guinean troops intervening per request to help him stay in power in what was the first intervention by one sub-Saharan African state in another in 1971. At the time of intervention Sierra Leone left the Commonwealth realm and became a republic.
| 2.484375
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72908221
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria%20Laura%20Moura%20Mouzinho%20Leite%20Lopes
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Maria Laura Moura Mouzinho Leite Lopes
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Exile
In 1969, by Institutional Act Number Five (AI-5), she and her husband were exiled and banned from Brazil. The couple left for France, where Maria Laura began her research in Mathematics Education at the Institute for Research in Mathematics Education (Institute de Recherche en Enseignement de Mathematiques). She returned to Brazil only in 1974, already with international experience, and was invited to be the Mathematics coordinator at the Eliezer Eistenbarg Brazilian Jewish School. In 1976, she took part in the foundation of the Group for Teaching and Research in Mathematics Education (Grupo de Ensino e Pesquisa em Educação Matemática – GEPEM), which was chaired by Maria Laura during the first eight years. She coordinated the first research in Mathematics Education in Brazil, the "Teacher-Student Binomial Project in the Initiation to Mathematics Education – an experimental research" (Projeto Binômio Professor-Aluno na Iniciação à Educação Matemática – uma pesquisa experimental).
Return to Brazil
After the Amnesty Law in 1979, still under military rule, Maria Laura resumed her professorship at the Mathematics Institute at UFRJ. In 1981 she and a group of teachers developed the research project "Evaluation of students at the end of the 4th grade in public schools" (Avaliação dos alunos no final da 4ª série primária das escolas públicas) in the city of Rio de Janeiro, and in 1982 she joined the Ministry of Education's "Program for Integration of the University with Primary Education" (Programa de Integração da Universidade com o Ensino do 1º Grau). She did several research projects for the federal and state governments on Mathematics education in the country, trying to identify the deficiencies in schools and in teacher training.
| 2.421875
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72908575
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARCS%20Institute%20for%20Brain%2C%20Behaviour%2C%20and%20Development
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MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Development
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The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Development is a research organization of Western Sydney University. The institute is based in the "iQ": the Westmead Innovation Quarter (in Westmead, New South Wales). It focuses on a number of areas including health, data, and space and defence. MARCS has multiple specialized research centers; its International Centre for Neuromorphic Systems has developed technology used in space.
Description
The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Development is a research organization of Western Sydney University. It is based in the "iQ"—the Westmead Innovation Quarter (in Westmead, New South Wales) established in 2022—along with NICM Health Research Institute, CSIRO, Telstra Health, WentWest, and Psych Central. The institute's vision is to "optimise human interaction and wellbeing across the lifespan".
Areas of focus
The MARCS Institute focuses on these areas:
Health
Data
Space and defence
Early life and aged care
Art and music sciences
Human communication
Centres
Specialized research centers and labs within MARCS include:
The Age Lab
Baby Lab
International Centre for Neuromorphic Systems (ICNS)
ICNS researchers developed the first neuromorphic vision sensor to operate from space on the International Space Station, and a novel method for space domain awareness using neuromorphic vision sensors in astrosites (mobile telescope observatories built specifically to track and detect objects in space).
| 2.09375
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72908594
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet%20submarine%20K-68
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Soviet submarine K-68
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Construction and career
K-68 was laid down at the Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 shipyard in Gorky on 25 January 1962. She was launched on 6 February 1964 and commissioned on 22 January 1965 into the 35th Submarine Division of the Northern Fleet. The details of K-68s career remain largely unknown, although the boat made a nine-month-long patrol in the Mediterranean Sea in 1974–1975. On 25 September 1976 K-68 began a lengthy conversion at Gorky that lasted until December 1985 which installed a prototype VAU-6 auxiliary nuclear reactor. Designed by the Lazurit Central Design Bureau under the designation of Project 651E, the installation was intended to extend the submarine's underwater endurance. While being modified K-68 (the K standing for () was redesignated B-68 (the B standing for ) in 1977. B-68 was assigned to the Northern Fleet's 7th Division of Submarines for sea trials that lasted until 1991. B-68 was redesignated as BS-68 on 19 April 1990. Although there were difficulties early in the test program, it was ultimately successful, but the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 halted further work. The submarine was decommissioned and transferred to the 346th Submarine Brigade on 3 July 1992 for disposal and subsequently scrapped.
| 2.34375
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72908850
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiodiniaceae
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Symbiodiniaceae
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Symbiodiniaceae is a family of marine dinoflagellates notable for their symbiotic associations with reef-building corals, sea anemones, jellyfish, marine sponges, giant clams, acoel flatworms, and other marine invertebrates. Symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae are sometimes colloquially referred to as Zooxanthellae, though the latter term can be interpreted to include other families of symbiotic algae as well. While many Symbiodiniaceae species are endosymbionts, others are free living in the water column or sediment.
Most symbiotic members of Symbiodiniaceae were previously assigned to the genus Symbiodinium; however, recent genetic analysis has led to a taxonomic reorganization with several former members of Symbiodinium (previously "clades") reassigned to new genera within the Symbiodiniaceae family. Species formerly classified within Symbiodinum Clade A are retained in the Symbiodinium genus.
Genera
There are eleven accepted genera in this family:
Breviolum
Cladocopium
Durusdinium
Freudenthalidium
Halluxium
Miliolidium
Symbiodinium
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72909234
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel%20Rz%C4%85czy%C5%84ski
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Gabriel Rzączyński
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Gabriel Rzączyński (6 July 1664 – 12 November 1737) was a Polish Jesuit, naturalist, geographer, and writer. He published several works in Latin on the natural history of Poland.
Rzączyński was born in Podlasie, from a family bearing the Ślepowron coat of arms, and joined the Jesuit order in 1682 and became a grammar teacher from 1687 at Lublin. In 1692 he taught theology at Kraków, still later rhetoric and philosophy at Toruń, Lublin and Poznań, and Łuck. After 1717 he became a prefect of Gdańsk schools and from 1721 rector at Ostrog. Following his wide travels he wrote on the curiosities of natural history in his Historia naturalis curiosa Regni Poloniae, Magni Ducatus Litvaniae, annexarumque provinciarum, in tractatus XX divisa (1721). In 1745 was published posthumously his historiae naturalis curiosae Regni Poloniae, Magni Ducatus Lithvaniae, annexarumque provinciarum, concinnatum. Aside from fauna, flora and geography, he wrote on contemporary myths and beliefs. In his 1721 work, he included descriptions of beliefs in vampires and walking corpses.
| 2.359375
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72909279
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnolia%20rzedowskiana
|
Magnolia rzedowskiana
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Magnolia rzedowskiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Magnoliaceae. It is native to the Sierra Madre Oriental of San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, and Hidalgo states in eastern Mexico.
Description
Magnolia rzedowskiana is a tree that can grow up to 20 meters tall. It has large, showy flowers, which appear in April and May. The trees fruit in August and September.
Distribution and habitat
Magnolia rzedowskiana is known from three locations in the Sierra Madre Oriental – near La Joya del Hielo in the Sierra Gorda of Querétaro, in the Sierra de Xilitla of San Luis Potosí, and near Chapulhuacán in Hidalgo. The species has an estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) of 145 km2.
It is found on calcareous soils in montane cloud forests between 800 and 1,950 meters elevation, including oak–Liquidambar styraciflua forests in Chapulhuacán, and pine–cypress forests in La Joya del Hielo.
It is cultivated in parts of Hidalgo and Veracruz.
Classification
The species is named for the botanist Jerzy Rzedowski. It was until recently classed as Magnolia dealbata.
Conservation
The species' conservation status is assessed as endangered. It has a small population and a limited range. It is threatened with habitat loss from deforestation, and people cutting down entire trees to harvest its flowers.
| 2.375
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72909684
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assault%20on%20Tobruk
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Assault on Tobruk
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Assault on Tobruk, subtitled "Rommel Triumphant, 20 June 1942," is a board wargame published by Simulations Canada in 1980 that simulates the North African Battle of Tobruk during World War II. Compass Games later reissued a new edition of the game.
Background
After the British under Archibald Wavell had defeated the Italian 10th Army in Libya in 1940, Wavell was not allowed to continue the offensive to capture the port of Tripolitania. This allowed the Afrika Korps under Erwin Rommel to land, and the Germans went on the offensive. After defeating the British forces around the important port of Tobruk in 1941, forcing them to retreat to Egypt, Rommel attacked Tobruk itself. While German forces were repulsed by the Australian defenders in 1941, Rommel attacked again in June 1942. The Australians had already left North Africa at that point, and the Allied defenses in the area of Tobruk had been allowed to deteriorate.
Description
Assault on Tobruk is a two-player board wargame in which one player controls the Axis forces and the other the Allied forces.
With only 250 die-cut counters, a 22" x 27" hex grid map scaled at 650 per hex and only twelve pages of rules, the game has been characterized as having a similar scope and the low complexity of classic Avalon Hill games from the early 1960s such as Battle of the Bulge and D-Day.
The game comes with one historical scenario and six "what if?" scenarios.
Publication history
Assault on Tobruk was designed by Steve Newberg and published by Simulations Canada packaged in either a ziplock bag or as a boxed set. Both had the same cover art by Rodger B. MacGowan, although the ziplock bag version art was monochrome while the boxed set had full-colour art.
In 2021, Compass Games republished the game.
| 2.46875
| 0
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72909727
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peveril%20Peak
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Peveril Peak
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Peveril Peak is a mountain summit located in Alberta, Canada.
Description
Peveril Peak is set within Jasper National Park, in the Trident Range of the Canadian Rockies. The town of Jasper is situated to the north and the Continental Divide is to the west. The nearest higher neighbor is Terminal Mountain, to the north. The peak is visible from the Icefields Parkway to the east. Precipitation runoff from Peveril Peak drains into Portal Creek, a tributary of the Athabasca River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 850 meters (2,790 feet) above the creek in one kilometer (0.6 mile).
History
The summit was first reached in 1926 by Bradley B. Gilman and his crew, who called it "Portal Peak." The peak was named in 1932 after Sir Walter Scott's 1823 novel Peveril of the Peak, and in turn the title refers to Peveril Castle. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted February 7, 1951, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.
Climate
Based on the Köppen climate classification, Peveril Peak is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below -20 °C with wind chill factors below -30 °C.
Geology
The mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods and pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.
Gallery
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72909734
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splitting%20the%20Moon%3A%20A%20Collection%20of%20Islamic%20Poetry
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Splitting the Moon: A Collection of Islamic Poetry
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Splitting the Moon: A Collection of Islamic Poetry is a 2012 book of Islamic poetry by New Zealand-born British scholar and poet Joel Hayward. It was Hayward's second published poetry collection and his eighth book in general.
Summary
Joel Hayward's second collection of poems, Splitting the Moon reflects, chronicles and tries to make sense of his conversion to Islam after living uncomfortably as a Unitarian within a trinitarian Christian world. As Muslims struggle to adapt to modernity, Hayward offers poetic commentary on the problems they face. He is particularly critical of the violence and terrorism committed in the name of the religion he chose.
Reviews
"[Joel Hayward] is a very skilful and gifted poet whose way with words is impressive. His poems are easy to understand, highly pertinent and equally spiritually profound, that is to say, this collection of poems are much more than poetry; they also provide a powerful commentary on the social, political, moral and religious challenges and difficulties currently facing Muslims and non-Muslims alike. The fact that he is able to do this in an elegant, evocative and inspiring way is an added bonus. ... The poem titled The Voyage of a Scholar ... is a beautiful example of how the poet is able to blend the personal, emotional, spiritual and existential dimensions of human experience, and do so without in any way over-playing or undermining any aspect. This is a very rare skill for a poet to possess. ... This is one of the best collections of Islamic poems I have read for some time; a must read for both Muslims and non-Muslims."
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72910297
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Mar%C3%ADa%20T%C3%A9llez-Gir%C3%B3n%2C%207th%20Duke%20of%20Osuna
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José María Téllez-Girón, 7th Duke of Osuna
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José María Téllez-Girón y Benavides (Madrid, 25 May 1685 – 18 May 1733), 7th Duke of Osuna, 7th Marquess of Peñafiel, 11th Count of Ureña, was a Spanish military, diplomat and a Grandee of Spain.
Biography
He was the second surviving son of Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke de Osuna, and his second wife, Ana Antonia de Benavides Carrillo y Toledo, Marquise of Caracena and Countess of Pinto. When his elder brother died without sons in 1716, he became VII Duke of Osuna, after a dispute with his niece María Domínguez Téllez Girón y Velasco, Marquise de Berlanga.
In 1704 he attended the Siege of Gibraltar with his brother. In the plans for the 1707 Battle of Almansa, he is already mentioned as mariscal de campo. By order of his general, he brought to Madrid 100 banners taken from the enemy, which Philip V of Spain ordered it to be placed in the Basilica of Atocha. He was also the author of the account of the Battle of Almansa. On 10 November 1707, he participated in the Battle of Lérida, in which he was wounded.
On 5 June 1719, he was appointed Lieutenant General and on 30 September 1721 he was sent to Versailles as extraordinary ambassador to ask for the hand of Princess Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans for Infante Luis. As a result of his efforts, the French King Louis XV honored him by conferring the necklace of the Order of the Holy Spirit on 22 January 1722.
At the end of 1722 he was appointed head of the delegation to accompany the French princess Philippine Élisabeth d'Orléans, who was going to marry Infante Carlos. On 25 January 1723, he delivered to the French Monarch the jewel that the King of Spain had sent him, and the next day he departed with the Princess, whom he accompanied to Buitrago and presented in Fuencarral on 16 February.
He was also captain of the 1st company of the Life Guards in the service of Philip V, Gentilhombre de cámara con ejercicio and figured among the Illustrious Sons of Madrid presented by José Antonio Álvarez Baena.
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72910322
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alters
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Alters
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Volume 1 - The Story of Chalice
One in fifty million humans on Earth are Alters, genetic mutants with varying superpowers. Initially their emergence is a source of excitement, however due to the random nature of the Alterations not all are altruistic. One of the most powerful names himself Matter Man and sets himself up as a terrorist on the Eastern seaboard, gathering other Alters with similar desires. They are opposed by the Gateway Army, a group of Alters gathered by Octavian, who believe in using their powers for good.
Charlie Young is the latest Alter to emerge. Living as a young man with her kindly but conservative family in Cleveland, Charlie is secretly undergoing hormone treatment and transitioning to being biologically female, keeping both this and her Alteration secret. As a result Charlie finds inner peace in the guise of the superhero Chalice, who is identified as female. Charlie's brother Teddy is wheelchair bound with cerebral palsy, but is secretly also a powerful Alter, something only Charlie is able to detect.
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72910337
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaya%20Migansi
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Yaya Migansi
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Yaya Migansi or Houekode ( 1850–1932) was a princess of Dahomey, a kingdom in present-day Benin. Her father was Glele (died 1889), who was the 10th king of Dahomey from 1858 to 1889. Her mother was Miagbe, also known as Hoonon Magnitin who gave birth to three sets of twins with Glele; Migansi was the first-born of the eldest pair of twins. Her name was Houekode, and the epithet "Yaya", an affectionate term meaning "old woman" is thought to refer to her mother. As her father was the future king, she and her sister were married to the two leading ministers of the kingdom: the name "Migansi" means wife or dependant of the "Migan" or prime minister.
Migansi held the position of Na Daho, "eldest princess", one of the two chief offices within the royal family along with the Alodokponugan, the oldest brother of the king. She had a responsibility for the marital arrangements of her siblings and the choice of a successor to the king. When her father died in 1889, Migansi's brother Béhanzin succeeded to the throne but fled in 1892 after the French invaded and burnt the capital, Abomey. Migansi and the Alodokponugan were involved in negotiations with the French, during which one of them said that she: "a woman of mature age, of a remarkable intelligence, appeared to exercise a real influence on her brothers". Agreement was reached, and Yagansi performed the installation of the new king, Béhanzin's brother, who took the regnal name of Agoli-agbo, on 15 January 1894.
In 2022, L'événement Précis reported that a woman named Nan Nonfonkpa had claimed to be a descendant and heir of Glele, but her claim had been challenged by descendants of Yaya Migansi and her five siblings, the three pairs of twins.
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72910385
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karuna%20Shaha
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Karuna Shaha
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Studies in Italy
Shaha visited Florence, Italy after she received a scholarship from the Italian government. She studied at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze from 1959 to 1962 and received a diploma in fresco and mural painting. During this time, she also got a chance to visit several other galleries and museums across Europe. Her studio training at the academy as well as studies of European masters further developed her interest in human figures, especially the nude. Back from Italy in 1962, Shaha gained a reputation in Calcutta as 'the lady who paints nudes'.
Later years
Following her return from Italy, Shaha tried her hand at some commercial art ventures. In partnership with another artist, she began her own commercial art agency, called Unit 62 which folded up soon after. Her stint in another advertising agency was short lived as well. Later, she found a stable career option in school teaching. In 1964, she joined the newly opened Modern High School for Girls, where she taught full-time until her retirement in 1988.
With a plan to build a community for women artists of the time, Shaha spearheaded the formation of The Group, an artist collective which initially included Meera Mukherjee, Shanu Lahiri, Santosh Rohatgi and Shyamasree Basu. Their inaugural show was held in 1983 at the Academy of Fine Arts, Kolkata. The Group continued to exhibit in Kolkata, Delhi and Mumbai in the subsequent years. By the 1990s, Shaha's compositions became more surrealistic and largely depicted social symbolism.
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72910443
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henryk%20Ferdynand%20Hoyer
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Henryk Ferdynand Hoyer
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Henryk Ferdynand Hoyer (13 July 1864 – 17 October 1947) was a Polish zoologist and professor of comparative anatomy at the Jagiellonian University from 1894 to 1934 serving also as its rector. He is sometimes referred to as Henryk Hoyer junior to differentiate him from his father, Henryk Frederyk Hoyer (1834-1907), who is considered the founder of histology in Poland.
Biography
Hoyer was born in Warsaw to Ludwika née Werner and Henryk Frederyk, histologist and professor at the University of Warsaw. Educated at the Gymnasium in Bydgoszcz, he then studied at the University of Breslau and at Strasbourg, receiving a doctorate from the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin in 1892. He worked as an assistant to Albert Kölliker at Würzburg and Gustav Schwalbe in Strasbourg before moving to the Jagiellonian University, Kraków in 1894. He became a full professor in 1904. He became a dean in 1909 and rector in 1929. In 1939 he was arrested during Sonderaktion Krakau and sent to Sachsenhausen. He was in charge of a pharmacy for prisoners of war in Krakow from 1941 to 1944.
Hoyer's students included Edward Niezabitowski, Eugeniusz Kiernik, Władysław Poliński, Jan Prüffer, Władysław Mierzejewski, Paweł Łoziński, Jan Marchlewski, Zygmunt Grodziński, Józef Fudakowski, Stanisław Michał Sumiński, Zygmunt Fedorowicz, Stanisław Skowron, Jan Stach, and Szymon Tenenbaum.
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72911069
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fionula%20Brennan
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Fionula Brennan
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Fionula Brennan (1957–2012) was an Irish immunologist and Professor of Cytokine Immunopathology at the Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology.
Brennan described the role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in rheumatoid arthritis by demonstrating that anti-TNF antibodies inhibit inflammation of the synovial joints. This research led directly to the development of anti-TNF therapy.
Early life and education
Fionula Brennan was born in Manorhamilton, County Leitrim, to Josie and Ted Brennan in 1957. She had a brother and a sister.
Brennan received her undergraduate degree and PhD in immunology from the University of Bristol.
Career
From the late 1980s, Brennan worked at the Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, where her work enabled revolutions in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Brennan was Professor of Cytokine Immunopathology at the Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology until 2011.
In the late 1980s, developments in knowledge about cytokine production and methods of study had made it possible to investigate further their role in rheumatoid arthritis. Since it remained unclear which cytokine should be targeted to produce therapeutic effects, they were not investigated as therapeutic targets. However, as a postdoctoral researcher working initially with Ravinder Maini and then under Marc Feldmann from 1988 to 1989, Brennan questioned whether it was possible to suppress pathologic TNF selectively. Her work developed upon that of Feldmann and Glenn Buchan.
Brennan's experiments analysed cytokine expression in a dissociated synovial cell culture model, which kept immune/inflammatory cells alive and made it possible to study disregulation.
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72911201
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance%20World%20Tour
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Renaissance World Tour
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The BBC said that the Renaissance World Tour "marks a big economic moment", boosting countries' economies in a phenomenon dubbed the "Beyoncé effect", "Beyoncé bump", "Beyoncé blip" and "Beyflation" by experts. The tour raised inflation in Sweden, due to the additional spending around Beyoncé's shows in Stockholm. Danske Bank Chief Economist Michael Grahn described the phenomenon as "very rare" and "astonishing for a single event", adding: "We haven't seen this before." In the UK, the tour led to an unexpected increase in consumer price index which led to an increase in inflation by the Bank of England. The tour contributed to a 6.8 percent rise in recreation and culture spending, the fastest in 30 years, which the Office for National Statistics said was the biggest driver for the rise in inflation. Morgan Stanley warned clients of a similar rise in inflation in the US, with global chief economist Seth Carpenter saying: "The Beyoncé effect should keep us from getting too complacent."
The tour boosted the local economies of the cities it visited. QuestionPro estimated the tour could generate $4.5 billion in economic activity, which is similar to the revenue that the 2008 Summer Olympics of Beijing ($3.6 billion). Brett House, economist at Columbia Business School, said that the tour has helped create a "gentle cool-down" of economic activity in the US during the summer, instead of the usual abrupt stop. Professor Tom Smith of Emory University's Goizueta Business School used the Renaissance World Tour as a case study in his lectures about events that have a significant impact on markets. The tour's stop in Atlanta created an additional $10 million in revenue for local businesses.
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72911370
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Asma%27%20wa%20al-Sifat
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Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat
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Al-Bayhaqi, in the Ash'arite tradition, acknowledged the difference between the essential and active attributes, but he primarily guided a middle path between sects who indulge in two extreme methodologies namely those who engage in extreme literalism that liken God with his creation (tashbih) and those that engage in extreme figurativeness by distorting the meaning (tahrif), negating the distinct attributes (ta'til) and rejecting authentic prophetic traditions. To put it another way, the names of God that are duly attested in the sources signify real existing attributes, such as alim (knowing) and ilm (knowledge), but it is inappropriate to perceive them in a literal material sense or in an entirely metaphorical sense. All of this holds true when referring to God using terms like "Hand," "Face," and "Eye." Of the Ash'arites in this non-speculative line, Al-Bayhaqi stands out as the most significant representative.
Divine attribute of laughter
In one example of Al-Bayhaqi's massive compilation of anthropomorphic traditions (Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat), he dedicated an entire chapter on ahadith that mention the divine 'Laughter'. Al-Bayhaqi narrates that Al-Bukhari said regarding the hadith, “Allah laughs at two men, one of them kills the other and both of them enter Paradise,” that laughing is interpreted as “mercy” meaning “Allah shows mercy to both of them.” Al-Bayhaqi further expands on this through his mastery of the Arabic language and explains that the laughter means "revealing" and "uncovering" based on the classical Arabic language: "The Bedouins: say "the earth laughs when the plants grow", because the earth reveals the beauty of the plants and uncovers the flowers". According to al-Bayhaqi, God did not literally laugh but revealed his benevolence.
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72911672
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Seray%20Mountain
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Battle of Seray Mountain
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First phase of battle
During the first summer of the arrival of the Assyrian refugees in Persia, the Assyrians of Lower Tyari under the leadership of Malik Khoshaba were settled around the mountains of Seray where they were besieged by Turkish forces under the command of Halil Kut. The Ottoman army was composed of less than 6,000 men thus outnumbering the Assyrian army led by Agha Petros which numbered less than 1,200 troops. Upon their arrival, the Assyrians surprised them, the Turks had come in range of the Assyrians’ machine guns which were hidden behind the rocks of sloping hills and in the bushes. During the night, Malik Khiyo of Ashitha (17 years old at the time) observed two groups crossing his front, positioned himself in an artillery observation post and directed a moonlight strike to hold off the enemy. Two of Khoshaba's patrols were successful in capturing Turkish soldiers to gather intel about their positions. Khoshaba was also successful in preventing the enemy's field guns from damaging his post at dawn, while also bringing in twenty-four Turkish prisoners and personally killing four Turkish soldiers. By 7:30am the enemy was beaten by the men of Khoshaba and Khiyo of Ashitha. Along with the wounded, there were only 24 remaining Turkish officers who were now prisoners.
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72912161
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born%20to%20Lead%3F%20Portraits%20of%20New%20Zealand%20Commanders
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Born to Lead? Portraits of New Zealand Commanders
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Born to Lead? Portraits of New Zealand Commanders is a 2003 book on the leadership of New Zealand military commanders by historians Glyn Harper and Joel Hayward.
Summary
The leadership qualities and techniques used by New Zealand military commanders from the Boer War to the 2000s are described and analyzed in this book.
Reception
The New Zealand Army News review called the book "very readable” and said that it "is an important contribution to our military history studies and to the study of the special nature of New Zealand command. For the potential leader it provides practical insights, but it has a wider audience. Be you student, historian or interested Kiwi, you will find this book is well worth reading."
In its positive review, The Press said: "This is a ground-breaking collection of essays. ... All concerned, writers and editors, must be congratulated on the clarity and freshness of these essays. They are readable and well organised; there is no jargon and even the picture captions are interesting. Born to Lead? is inspirational".
In his review in the Whanganui Chronicle, Daniel Jackson said that "the book succeeds in giving a small window into the officers of the past. It tackles an ambitious subject by trying to explore whether New Zealand's armed forces have a leadership style. In doing so [it] provides a good reference to the leaders of our military past and how our military was shaped. It was good for a civilian like me to learn how our military leaders handled our civilian soldiers. The subject is still very relevant to all New Zealanders as war plans still call for the conscription and mobilisation of civilians if we are ever faced with a serious threat."
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72912278
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Commission%20On%20Disabilities
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National Commission On Disabilities
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All through the existence of the National Commission On Disabilities, one of its main focus has been the inclusion of persons living with disabilities in the country's governance process. Thus making it clear that People With Disabilities are also very capable to make impact in the society if they are given the chance/opportunity to acquire the necessary skills, and the place to exercise those skills acquired Therefore, through the final process of the National Action Plan by the National Commission On Disabilities, everything affecting the lives of persons with disabilities were addressed and the way forward was established through a county to county engagement and a final two days Symposium in Monrovia. In November 2022 PWDs from all the 15 Counties of Liberia gathered at Ganta City in Nimba County to celebrate the International Day of Persons With Disabilities, as well as to present the Final copy of the National Action Plan to the government of Liberia.
On May 28, 2024, President Joseph Boakai nominated Samuel S. Dean Sr, a former representative aspirant, as the new Chairperson of the National on Commission. Assuming his role as Chairperson, Hon. Dean stressed the need to increase the budget of the Commission which was drastically reduced from $629,000.00 to $280,000.00, be increased to at least $1.5 Million to enable the commission to implement several crucial initiatives aimed at improving the lives of persons with disabilities in Liberia.
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72912560
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football%20in%20Kerala
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Football in Kerala
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Football is one of the most popular sports in Kerala. It was introduced to the land of Kerala during the pre-independence period by British officers of the Malabar Special Police (MSP) in the 20th century. MSP was camped in Malappuram and soon the natives began adopting the sport, which was mostly played in post-harvest paddy fields. Kerala enjoyed a golden age from 1985 to 1995 by making it to Santhosh Trophy finals seven times consecutively, and football became an iconic sport ever since in the south Indian state. FIFA released the film Maitanam - The Story of Football in Kerala, quoting: Football in the Indian state of Kerala runs through the fabric of its society, where football is life and life is football.
Kerala state football team appeared in the Santosh Trophy finals 15 times and won the trophy 7 times, latest in 2022 by defeating Bengal in the final on 2 May at the Payyanadu Stadium in Malappuram. Gokulam Kerala FC won the 2020–21 I-League to become the first ever club from Kerala to win an I-League title. They created history by becoming the first team in the I-League era to defend its title, being 2021-22 I-League champions. Gokulam Kerala FC is also the first club from Kerala to qualify for a continental competition, the AFC Cup. Kerala Blasters, the Indian Super League club based in Kochi, are one of the most widely supported clubs in Asia and with one of the largest social media following among the football clubs from the continent. Travancore Royals Football Club (TRFC), founded on 29 November 2018, is India's first fans-owned club.
Kerala Premier League, together with Kerala Super League, is the official state level tournament, succeeding Kerala State Club Football Championship, both organized by the Kerala Football Association. SBI Kerala FC is the most successful Kerala League team becoming champions 6 times while Travancore Titanium FC is most successful in the Championship, winning it 10 times.
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72912605
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Federspiel
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William Federspiel
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As their artificial lungs were being produced, Federspiel began exploring how to make them less cumbersome for the patients. His research team found that porous fibres coated with enzyme carbonic anhydrase could be broken down into by the fibres themselves, cutting down the rate at which blood needs to be fed to the artificial lung. This eventually led to the development of the Hemolung Respiratory Assist System (RAS), a device that could potentially replace ECMO. The device simultaneously extracts carbon dioxide and administers oxygen using a cylinder design with specially coated fibres that allow the gas exchange. Federspiel also began collaborating with colleague John Kellum to develop a device that could filter blood tainted with sepsis through a cartridge designed to remove the chemical molecules that orchestrate the body's innate immune system. By 2012, ALung's clinical trials on the Hemolung found that the RAS improved patients respiratory statuses and reduced arterial pCO2 levels by 28% within 24 hours.
The RAS was recognized in 2014 with the Gold Award in the Critical-Care and Emergency Medicine Category of the 17th Annual Medical Design Excellence Awards competition. As its creator, Federspiel was also an honorable mention for the 2014 Start-Up Entrepreneur Carnegie Science Award. By July 2014, the RAS was approved for use in 29 countries but remained under the United States' Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review. In 2017, the FDA approved of ALung's Investigational Device Exemption to conduct a clinical trial of the RAS for the treatment of adults with severe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The test was called the VENT-AVOID Trial, as it was the first clinical trial to try extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal for treating patients with COPD exacerbations. He was also elected to serve on the American Health Council's Education Board.
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72912618
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD%2021693
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HD 21693
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In 2011 the discovery of two exoplanets orbiting HD 21693 was announced, detected by the radial velocity method using observations taken by the HARPS spectrograph, at the La Silla Observatory. The detailed analysis of the discovery was only published in 2019. The HARPS instrument made 210 measurements of the star's radial velocity between 2003 and 2015, revealing two period signals caused by the gravitational influence of orbiting planets, plus a 10-year signal caused by the star's activity cycle. The planetary signals have no equivalent in the star's spectral activity indicators, which confirms their planetary nature. The radial velocity residuals, after removing all periodic signals, still show higher variability than expected, which can be caused by strong granulation on the star's surface.
The inner planet, HD 21693 b, has a minimum mass of and is the transition regime between super-Earths and Neptune-mass planets. Since the radial velocity method used in its discovery cannot determine the inclination of its orbit, the planet's true mass cannot be determined, although the true mass is usually close to the minimum value. This planet orbits the star at a distance of 0.15 AU with a period of 22.7 days.
The outer planet, HD 21693 c, has a minimum mass of , similar to the mass of Neptune. It is located at a distance of 0.26 AU from the star and has an orbital period of 53.7 days. The planets in the system have a period ratio of 2.37, which is close to a 5:2 commensurability. In one possible formation scenario, they experienced convergent migration shortly after their formation, which trapped them in a 5:2 resonance, but this resonance was lost shortly after the dissipation of the protoplanetary disk.
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72912908
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kistin%20Gorge
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Kistin Gorge
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Kistin Gorge () or Armkhi Gorge () is a gorge of the Armkhi River in the Dzheyrakhsky District of the Republic of Ingushetia. The name of the gorge comes from the historical name of the river Armkhi – Kistinka, which in turn comes from one of the ethnonyms of the Ingush – Kists. Historically, the area where the gorge is located was called "Kistetia". It is mentioned in medieval Georgian sources, in particular, in the work of Vakhushti Bagrationi.
History
According to the legends, this road was controlled by the Tsurovs and the Yandievs. They "kept guard there and took tribute for the passage".
In Russian documents, the name was first mentioned in the first half of the 19th century, in military reports from the period of the Caucasian War, for example, in the Report of the Commander-in-Chief of the Separate Caucasian Corps, Field Marshal Paskevich-Erivansky, to the head of the main headquarters E.I.V. Adjutant General Chernyshev on the results of a military expedition to Mountainous Ingushetia under the command of Major General Abkhazov dated August 31, 1830.
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72913353
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inez%20Jackson
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Inez Jackson
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Early life and education
Inez C. Young was born on January 9, 1907, in Kaufman County, Texas to Tessie (née Ollison) and Cazzee (or Cassee) Young. Her father was a farmer, and after living briefly in Forney, she was raised in Terrell, Texas. The main advocate for African-American education in Terrell from 1900 to 1944 was William Henry Burnett, a jazz musician and the principal of the Black high school. Young graduated in 1925, as salutatorian of her class and moved to Shawnee, Oklahoma, where she joined the local YWCA, becoming its president in 1926. She attended Langston University, graduating with a teaching certificate. On July 7, 1929, she married Leon Jackson in Shawnee. Leon was a self-employed barber and Jackson became a math teacher in the segregated school system in Shawnee. The couple had six children before Leon received notification in 1944 from the Selective Service. Choosing to work in the Oakland shipyards, rather than military service abroad, Leon moved to California leaving his wife and children to finish out the school year.
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72913353
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inez%20Jackson
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Inez Jackson
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California (1944–1986)
Jackson was excited to move to California, where she was told that schools were integrated. When she applied to teach at the San Jose Public Schools, she was told that the school system did not hire Black teachers and was offered a position as a cleaner. Refusing the position, she sought work through an employment agency, but was told the only available jobs were in domestic service. Having gone to school to avoid working as a maid, Jackson found a job picking fruit at a local cannery. At the time, San Jose was a city of around 80,000 people and only 515 of them were Black. Opportunities were limited and Jackson found the racism confusing because it was not defined like it was under Jim Crow laws in The South. Because there were no role models, Jackson began joining local service clubs to improve the options of African Americans. She joined the local Parent–teacher association (PTA), the League of Women Voters of California, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Garden City Women's Club, the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) and the YWCA, among other organizations. She entwined her pacifism and work against discrimination, considering racism to equate to violence and a lack of freedom and held meetings in her home three or four nights each week.
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72913415
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20B.%20Lee
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Ronald B. Lee
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Ronald Barry Lee (May 26, 1932 - December 15, 2020) was a United States Postal Service worker, corporate executive and army major. Lee was the first African American from New England to be accepted into West Point, graduating in 1954. He was also the first African American Assistant Postmaster-General under Postmaster General Winton M. Blount and alongside James Farmer was one of the highest ranking black men in the Nixon Administration.
Early life
Lee was born on May 26, 1932, in Harlem, New York City, to Kermit J. Lee (1909-1991) and Lillian Jackson Lee (1910-2017). The family moved to Springfield, Massachusetts, a year later, where they had their other four children: Kermit Lee Jr. (a noted architect and professor at Syracuse University), William, Judith, and Deborah. Their father, Kermit, was the first black bank teller in Springfield and worked for the Third National Bank of Hampden County and their mother, Lillian, worked in local schools. The family were communicants at St. John's Congregational in the city.
Lee attended Springfield's public schools and graduated from the city's Classical High School in 1949 and briefly attended Springfield College before transferring to West Point in 1950, joining the class of 1954.
Career
Lee became the first black man to attend West Point from New England. At West Point, Lee studied engineering and was active on several sports teams and organizations. Upon leaving West Point as a 2nd Lieutenant in 1954, Lee served in several military positions in the US, then served in Okinawa, Japan, from 1956 to 1959, worked briefly with the US Army Signal School, then served as an operations advisor for an infantry unit in Vietnam from 1962 to 1963. During his service, Lee rose to the rank of Major. Following his return from Vietnam, Lee served with Army Material Command until 1965, when he was accepted as a White House Fellow. Lee also earned his M.B.A. in business administration from Syracuse University in 1964. Lee resigned his commission in 1966.
| 2.28125
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72913685
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trauma-informed%20approaches%20in%20education
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Trauma-informed approaches in education
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Organizational change
Trauma-informed organizational changes refer to the active inclusion of knowledge about trauma and its impacts into the development of school policies and procedures. This includes revising or developing new policies and procedures related to areas such as school safety, student discipline; as well as the use of implementation strategies to facilitate the adoption and maintenance of trauma informed changes. An essential underpinning of trauma informed care and approach is the awareness that school procedures and the enforcement of school policies can be re-traumatizing if not approached sensitively. Ubiquitous across trauma-informed education best-practice guidelines, and real-world implementation of trauma-informed education have been calls to reform policies for school disciplinary practice.
School disciplinary policies have often implemented zero-tolerance exclusionary practices as a response to student behavior. These policies and protocols can be re-traumatizing for youth who have already experienced some form of victimization. Moreover, racially and ethnically minoritized students disproportionately receive exclusionary discipline responses and consequently are disproportionately subject to such re-traumatization. Students who have experienced trauma may be particularly likely to experience dysregulated emotions and behavior in school settings, including poor concentration and difficulty staying on task, disruptive behavior and verbal and physical aggression towards peers or staff.
| 2.75
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72913685
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trauma-informed%20approaches%20in%20education
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Trauma-informed approaches in education
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There is considerable variation across approaches to trauma-informed school professional development. No standardized version of trauma-informed professional development for school settings exist. There has been no empirical research evaluating what knowledge content, training duration/intensity, or types of school personnel (e.g., teachers, support staff, security personnel, principal, school administrators) are needed in trauma-informed school professional development to facilitate desired change in school practices and consequently student outcomes. There is mixed evidence about the impact of trauma-informed professional development on student, teacher, and school level outcomes. One review of general trauma-informed professional development found that across studies, staff knowledge and attitudes related to trauma-informed practice improved after training. However, a review of school-based trauma-informed approaches identified variable outcomes – with some studies demonstrating no improvements in teacher knowledge and attitudes about trauma-informed practice.
| 2.3125
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72913685
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trauma-informed%20approaches%20in%20education
|
Trauma-informed approaches in education
|
Educational and clinical practice change
Educational or Clinical Practices concern the provision of student-facing trauma-informed clinical interventions and educational practices. This can include trauma-informed teaching pedagogy or curriculum design; or trauma-specific clinical services such as trauma screening, mental health referrals, and multi-tiered intervention practices.
Trauma-informed teaching pedagogies acknowledge the cognitive, and learning consequences of trauma exposure, not limited to difficulties with attention, information processing, memory, and behavior dysregulation. Thus a trauma-informed approach to teaching adopts learning practices and classroom design that align with trauma-informed core areas (e.g., ensuring safety, trustworthiness & transparency, peer support, collaboration & mutuality, empowerment & choice, and attention to cultural, historical, & gender issues). A review of existing trauma-informed teaching pedagogies have two primary focal points: repairing dysregulated responses to traumatic stress, and fostering strong student-teacher relationships to support healthy student attachment styles. Examples of practices used to support students in developing appropriate responses to stress, and building healthy attachment capacities include: establishment of clear and consistent classroom expectations, self-regulation strategies (e.g., mindfulness techniques), classroom regulation strategies (e.g., "brain breaks"), academic accommodations (e.g., extended assignment time or individualized academic supports), and encouraging student input for class structure, assignments, and course syllabus. By integrating trauma-sensitive strategies, teachers can create an inclusive learning environment that supports the emotional and academic growth of all students.
| 3.03125
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72914877
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby%21%201
|
Baby! 1
|
An external 5.25-inch floppy disk drive unit for the Baby! 1 was announced at the Atlantic City Personal Computing expo of 1976 but discontinued on account of cost. It was to retail for $350, STM apparently taking a $40 loss from the average price of a 5.25-inch floppy drive, though it may have been intended to be a loss leader to encourage more sales of the Baby! 1. The Baby! 1 itself sold for $850 to $1000 in August 1976, depending on if the customer purchased the 2-KB or 4-KB variant. STM promised the same drive again in November 1976, but development was pushed all the way back to July 1977, and it was probably never released. The drive would have been a Shugart model.
Included operating systems and programs for the computer were Tiny BASIC and TECO.
Legacy
Byte magazine called the computer "an excellent teaching system for software concepts in secondary schools and colleges, and looks like an excellent system for personal use". Indeed, the computer was used in at least one elementary school. T. D. Towers, in his International Microprocessor Selector book, classified the Baby! 1 as a microprocessor trainer platform and as a software development system.
In 1985 Byte called the Baby! 1 the first portable microcomputer. Although they acknowledged the IBM 5100 from 1975 before it, they referred to the latter as the "first briefcase-sized computer". Former Byte journalist Michael Nadeau said that it had more in common with the home computers of the 1980s such as the Commodore 64, than early laptops like the Grid Compass. Regardless, he called the Baby! 1 "unusually small and light" for the time and deemed it a "significant system" that "push[ed] the size envelope".
Citations
| 2.296875
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72915246
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20slavery%20in%20Tennessee
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History of slavery in Tennessee
|
The history of slavery in Tennessee began when it was the old Southwest Territory and thus the law regulating slavery in Tennessee was broadly derived from North Carolina law, and was initially comparatively "liberal." However, after statehood, as the fear of slave rebellion and the threat to slavery posed by abolitionism increased, the laws became increasingly punitive: after 1831, "punishments were increased and privileges and immunities were lessened and circumvented." Tennessee was one of five states that allowed slaves the right of a jury trial, and one of three states that never passed anti-literacy laws, although the punishment for forging a slave pass was up to 39 lashes.
Tennessee had a ban on interstate slave trading beginning in 1827 but it was broadly flouted and repealed in 1854. Memphis, Tennessee was one of the central hubs of the interstate slave trade, along with Washington, Richmond, Charleston, Savannah, and New Orleans. Key Memphis traders included Byrd Hill, the Bolton brothers, the Little brothers, and the Forrest brothers. Nashville was a second-tier market, "advantageously situated for purchases in Kentucky and sales in northern Alabama and northeastern Mississippi....Much local and intra-state trading was a matter of course." East Tennessee manifested early abolitionism and colonization-movement activism but slavery remained widespread in that region until emancipation.
| 2.921875
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72915383
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sol%20Stetin
|
Sol Stetin
|
Sol Stetin (April 2, 1910 – May 21, 2005) was a Polish-born American labor union leader.
Born in Pabianice, now in Poland, when Stetin was 10, he and his family emigrated to Paterson, New Jersey. He left school in the ninth grade, becoming an amateur boxer, and a semi-professional basketball player, despite being only 5 feet 4 inches tall.
In 1930, Stetin began working as a dyer, soon joining a union, and taking part in the major textile strike of 1934. By the end of the decade, he was active in the Textile Workers Union of America, serving as a shop steward, then as an organizer, and eventually the full-time director of the union's mid-Atlantic district.
In 1968, Stetin was elected as secretary-treasurer of the union, then in 1972 as its president. He led a major campaign to unionize workers in the South, targeting J.P. Stevens in particular. He also championed a merger of the various textile unions, which was achieved in 1975, with the formation of the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. He became the Senior Executive Vice President of the new union, accepting the less senior post in order to facilitate the merger.
Stetin retired from the union in 1982. He taught labor studies at William Paterson College, and became labor leader in residence at Rutgers University. He also helped found the American Labor Museum, in Haledon, New Jersey. In 2001, he moved to St. Louis, where he joined the St. Louis Worker Rights Board, and the local Jobs With Justice chapter. His last involvement in a labor dispute came when he attended a rally at the age of 95, a month before his death.
Tribute
The Sol Stetin Award, for labor leaders who have contributed to workers' advancement, is named in his honor, as is Sol Stetin Wing of the Labor Education Center at Rutgers.
| 2.484375
| 0
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72915894
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darryl%20B.%20Hood
|
Darryl B. Hood
|
Early life
Darryl B. Hood was born in 1958 in North Carolina. The oldest of 3 children, Hood grew up in an ordinary life. Raised by both parents heavily involved in church during the Civil Rights Movement, Darryl became a part of history at a young age. At 10 years old, after the Brown vs. Board of Education case was being heard across the country, Darryl’s parents made him a plaintiff in the later case Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, aimed at speeding up the racial integration of public schools. During his freshman year in college Darryl's grandmother was diagnosed with uterine cancer. Partaking in his grandmother's frequent doctoral visits throughout her fight with cancer, Darryl noticed it was difficult for him and his family to understand and effectively communicate with the doctors. This frustration drove Darryl’s initial interest of Biology and later his pursuits of public health research and education. Darryl was heavily influenced by his family. He was taught to work for what he wanted; his foundation as a young boy helped shape him into the man he is today.
Education
Darryl B. Hood graduated with a bachelor's science degree in biology and chemistry from Johnson C. Smith University and received his Ph.D. from East Tennessee State University in 1990. Soon after, Dr. Hood began research and served as a member of the faculty at Meharry Medical College from 1993 to 2013. Hood completed his postdoctoral studies at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine at the Center in Molecular Toxicology. Dr. Hood has also mentored over 15 MSPH/MPH, 15-PhD, and 9-Postdoctoral fellowships.
| 2.15625
| 0
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72916398
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirro%20Maria%20Gabrielli
|
Pirro Maria Gabrielli
|
Pirro Maria Gabrielli (April 1, 1643-19 December 1705) was an Italian physician, residing in his native Siena.
Biography
Pirro Maria Gabrielli was born in Siena in 1643. He was baptized on April 2, 1643.
He was a member of the Signoria of Siena in 1668, the year he received his doctorate in medicine and philosophy.
He initially began studies of logic and philosophy in Siena under A. Venturi Gallerani, but settled to study also medicine. In 1692, he befriended the mathematician Elia Astorini. This combination of interests helped him found in 1691–1692, a scholarly-scientific society known as Fisiocritici with a Lucrezian motto of "Veris quod possit vincere falsa". The entity in a fashion continues to exist today as the Accademia dei Fisiocritici with an associated Natural History museum in Siena.
The group originally met in the library of the Spedale di Santa Maria della Scala. In 1694 the academy moved to the Casa della Sapienza, now the hall of the Biblioteca Comunale degli Intronati belonging to the University of Siena. In 1816 the group moved to the former Camaldolese monastery donated to it by the Grand Duke Ferdinand III, and now serving as a Natural History museum.
In Gabrielli's time, the group also started furthering, however, arcadian fancies and readings. Gabrielli did continue some works on scientific instruments such as a heliometer and a meridian line, and some combined astronomical and astrological observations, including observations about the 1681 comet.
Opere
| 2.15625
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