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78902458
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah%20Ferris%20Bringhurst
|
Deborah Ferris Bringhurst
|
Deborah Ferris Bringhurst (March 2, 1773 – August 20, 1844) was an American philanthropist and needleworker.
Deborah Ferris was born on March 2, 1773 in Wilmington, Delaware into a family of Quakers, the daughter of cabinetmaker Ziba Ferris and Edith Sharpless Ferris. Her siblings included silversmith Ziba Ferris and historian Benjamin Ferris.
In 1783, Ferris created a linen sampler, now in the Delaware Historical Society, that included Biblical quotations and the names of her siblings.
In the 1790s, she was courted by both novelist Charles Brockden Brown and physician Dr. Joseph Bringhurst. Both men engaged in a lengthy correspondence with Ferris. Brown addressed several poems to her, including “Devotion: An Epistle” which he later published. Ferris' and Bringhurst's letters to each other were signed "Laura" and "Petrarch", after the Italian Renaissance poet and the woman who was the subject of his love sonnets.
Ferris and Bringhurst married in 1799. They would have five children: William Bringhurst (1800-1818), Mary Dickinson Bringhurst (1806-1886), Joseph Bringhurst (1807-1880), Edward Bringhurst (1809-1884), and Ziba Ferris Bringhurst (1812-1836).
In 1800, she was one of a group of Quaker women who founded the Female Benevolent Society of Wilmington, the first charity organization in the state of Delaware.
Bringhurst was a devout Hicksite Quaker and abolitionist, though she recorded in her diary in 1839 that "I listened to one of the most extraordinary sermons I ever heard" by the anti-abolitionist Quaker minister George Fox White.
Deborah Bringhurst died on 20 August 1844 in Wilmington.
| 1.929688
| 0
|
78903087
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia%20M%C3%BCller-Birn
|
Claudia Müller-Birn
|
Claudia Müller-Birn (born 1976) is a German academic who has been Professor of Web Science and Human Centered Computing at the Free University of Berlin since 2012.
Career
Claudia Müller-Birn completed her doctorate on “Graph theoretical analysis of the evolution of wiki-based networks for self-organized knowledge management” at the University of Potsdam in 2008.
From 2009 to 2010, she did postdoctural research, “Coordination, Technology and Distributed Work” at the Institute for Software Research at the Carnegie Mellon University.
From 2010 to 2012, Müller-Birn was a visiting professor in the research group “Network-Based Information Systems” at the Institute of Computer Science at the Free University of Berlin.
Müller-Birn is head of the Human-Centered Computing (HCC.lab) working group at the Institute of Computer Science at the Free University of Berlin, and Principal Investigator of the Cluster of Excellence “Image Knowledge Design”, at the Hermann von Helmholtz Center for Cultural Technology. She heads the focus area “Architectures of Knowledge."
Müller-Birn investigates how human cognition can be combined with machine intelligence to enhance the existing processes of knowledge generation in online communities. She is particularly interested in modeling, analyzing and evaluating user behavior in order to provide individualized services.
Works
| 1.945313
| 0
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78903097
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025%20Vale%20do%20A%C3%A7o%20floods
|
2025 Vale do Aço floods
|
In the early hours of Sunday, 12 January 2025, a small but intense rain cell became stationary over the Região Metropolitana do Vale do Aço. According to a rain gauge from The National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN) installed in the Betânia neighborhood in Ipatinga, a total of just over was recorded between midnight and 6 a.m., whereas the average for January, the municipality's second rainiest month of the year, is . Another Cemaden rain gauge in the Bom Retiro neighborhood recorded , while an automatic weather station of the INMET in the Primavera neighborhood of Timóteo registered . A measurement by the Santana do Paraíso city hall showed an accumulation of during the early morning hours.
Between the evening of 12 January and the early morning of 13 January heavy rainfall again struck the cities of Vale do Aço, with totals exceeding in Ipatinga's Bom Retiro neighborhood and in Canaã, according to Cemaden. In Canaã, total rainfall from January 10 to 13 reached . The INMET station in Timóteo recorded during the same period. During this second episode of intense rain, alerts from the Civil Defense were sent to residents' cell phones, accompanied by sirens, warning of a high risk of new landslides and floods. Climatempo attributed the extreme rainfall to the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (ZCAS), highlighting that this phenomenon caused significant rainfall in other parts of Southeast Brazil during the first half of January 2025.
Aftermath
Ipatinga and Santana do Paraíso
Extreme rainfall caused landslides in various locations throughout the region, particularly in Ipatinga and Santana do Paraíso. In Ipatinga, ten people were buried in landslides, with fatalities recorded in the Betânia, Canaã, and Vila Celeste neighborhoods. This included two children aged seven and eight. Five members of the same family died when a slope collapsed onto their house in Betânia.
| 2.171875
| 0
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78903411
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Joaqu%C3%ADn%20P%C3%A9rez%20%28poet%29
|
José Joaquín Pérez (poet)
|
José Joaquín Pérez Matos (April 27, 1845 – April 6, 1900) was a Dominican poet, journalist, lawyer and politician. As a writer, he was the first and main cultivators of indigenism in Latin America and one of the greatest representatives of Dominican romanticism.
Biography
He studied at the Seminary of Santo Domingo under the direction of the priest Fernando Arturo de Meriño. At the age of sixteen, in 1861, he published a political sonnet in which he rejected the annexation of the Dominican Republic by Spain.
Due to his opposition to the Six-Year Government of Buenaventura Báez, Pérez lived in exile in Puerto Rico from 1868 to 1874. Upon his return, he held important public and political positions. He was a senior official in the Ministry of the Interior, Minister of Foreign Affairs, deputy of the Sovereign National Congress, member of the Constituent Assembly, Minister of Justice, Development and Public Instruction and magistrate of the Supreme Court of Justice.
He collaborated with El Nacional (organ of the La República society ), El hogar, La Revista Ilustrada , Letras y Ciencias and Lunes del Listín. He directed the newspapers La Gaceta Oficial, El Eco de la Opinión and El Porvenir. He presided over the first exams held at the Normal School of Santo Domingo to test the educational system of Eugenio María de Hostos and presided over the investiture of the first normalistas in the country.
In 1877 he published his work Fantasías indígenaes (Garcia Hermanos Printing House, Santo Domingo), with which he began to think about the history of the island by assuming the myths of the Taíno people. He was considered "the singer of the indigenous race." He is considered, along with Manuel de Jesús Galván and his novel Enriquillo, one of the great indigenist authors of Latin America.
| 2.453125
| 0
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78903786
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall%20of%20George%2C%20Duke%20of%20Clarence
|
Fall of George, Duke of Clarence
|
Historians have generally considered Clarence's fall from power to have been the direct result of his abuse of his feudal authority and usurping of the King's justice. While none consider Clarence's actions as justifiable, differing motives have been presented. His original attack on Twynho, Torcotes and Thursby has been variously been put down to a lack of mental stability, petulance or grief-induced derangement. The executions, in turn, were probably a symptom of his declining authority. Haemorrhaging support as his affinity was, Clarence may have intended both a show of strength and a warning to his followers not to betray him.
Background
Relations between King Edward IV and his brother George, Duke of Clarence, had been fraught ever since the late 1460s, when Clarence had drifted into the orbit of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, who himself had become increasingly dissatisfied with Edward's rule. Originally Warwick's protégé—the Earl had been largely responsible for Edward's accession in 1461—Edward had become increasingly independent. In 1464, he angered Warwick by marrying Elizabeth Woodville, whom the Earl saw as being from a parvenu family, and thus a marriage against the country's interests. In 1469, Warwick had rebelled; Clarence was by now his ally, as Edward had tried to prevent the Duke's marriage to Warwick's daughter Isabel. Although Clarence had returned to Edward's side in 1471, and fought with him against Warwick at the Battle of Barnet, he was no longer fully trusted.
| 2.453125
| 0
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78904915
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Myth%20of%20American%20Inequality
|
The Myth of American Inequality
|
The Myth of American Inequality is a 2022 book about American economics which asserts that "the federal government egregiously overstates the degree of inequality and poverty" in America.
The book says that after transfers and taxes “the average household in the bottom, second, and middle quintiles all have roughly the same incomes—despite dramatic differences in work effort.”
It was written by Phil Gramm, Robert Ekelund, and John Early; was named a Wall Street Journal Best Book of 2022; and won the 2024 Hayek Prize.
A Wall Street Journal book review by Charles W. Calomiris says:
Government statistical reports exclude “noncash” sources of income, which excludes most transfers from social programs. Taxes (paid disproportionately by high earners) are also ignored in official calculations.
and
Real income of the bottom quintile, the authors write, grew more than 681% from 1967 to 2017. The percentage of people living in poverty fell from 32% in 1947 to 15% in 1967 to only 1.1% in 2017.
George F. Will wrote:
He demonstrates that the nation's condition is much better than it is portrayed by numbers misused to advance political agendas.
| 1.929688
| 0
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78905173
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galerie%20Sedelmeyer
|
Galerie Sedelmeyer
|
Galerie Sedelmeyer (), also known as Sedelmeyer Galleries, was an art gallery based in Paris, France.
History
The gallery took its name from its owner, Charles Sedelmeyer, who was both an Austrian-born publisher and an art dealer. He was known to have amassed one of the most valuable collections of original pictures across Europe. Sedelmeyer moved from Vienna to Paris in 1866 and chose to set up a small gallery at 54 Rue du Faubourg-Montmartre, in close proximity to the renowned Hôtel Drouot auction house. Galerie Sedelmeyer moved its operations to 6 Rue de La Rochefoucauld in Paris by the Third French Republic.
By 1876, Sedelmeyer had already made his gallery a fixed location for displaying exceptional art, including both modern creations and works by Old Masters.
Hungarian painter Mihály Munkácsy's "Christ Before Pilate" was notably placed on display at the gallery in May 1881. In 1884, Sedelmeyer's gallery in Paris held an exhibition of a painting that Munkácsy had just completed titled "Christ on Calvary". The exhibition also included "The Gate of Franklin Expedition" by Julius von Payer, and a series of paintings by Austrian artists Václav Brožík, Eduard Charlemont, Eugen Jettel, and August von Pettenkofen.
Galerie Sedelmeyer held an exhibition of James Tissot's series "La Femme à Paris" (The Parisian Woman) from 19 April to 15 June 1885. 15 of Tissot's pictures were put on display in the gallery.
The gallery held the Exposition Sedelmyer in 1886. The gallery exhibition was made up of two parts, the modern artists and the Old Masters, featuring works by Brožík, Charles-François Daubigny, Narcisse Virgilio Díaz, Vojtěch Hynais, Eugen Jettel, Tito Lessi, Munkácsy, and more. French art critic Léon Roger-Milès wrote an article about the exhibition in Le Mémorial diplomatique.
During the winter of 1887, Sedelmeyer galleries in Paris hosted an exhibition of American pictures and drawings. It included over 400 works, overseen by American artists living in Paris.
| 2.234375
| 0
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78905178
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican%20Front%20%28French%20Fifth%20Republic%29
|
Republican Front (French Fifth Republic)
|
Joël Gombin contrasts the lack of a "historical tradition of front républicain" with the "established custom—though not always respected and with varied implementation depending on the voting system—of désistement républicain." This refers to "the commitment made by republican candidates (meaning, in the 1880s, left-wing candidates) to withdraw in favor of the best-placed among them in the second round. While its purpose until 1914 was to safeguard the Republic when its existence was at stake, it later became a mere form of electoral solidarity among the left against reactionary forces. Despite fluctuations, this practice has persisted today, supported by the two-round majority voting system under the Fifth Republic."
Political scientist Laurent Bouvet and historian connect the concept to the antifascism of the 1930s. Historian Nicolas Lebourg also references this period but as part of the broader "republican discipline," an older tradition that emerged within the left during the Third Republic. This discipline, which included the French Communist Party (PCF) starting with the and the legislative elections of 1936, involved supporting the best-placed formation in the second round. More specifically, Damon Mayaffre, a specialist in political discourse analysis, observed in 2000 that "the recurring idea of a new front populaire or front républicain against the Front National reflects the complexes of French society in the last decade of the 20th century regarding an alleged lack of vigilance against the rise of the far-right—complexes often fueled by comparisons with the great ancestors of 1936." He argues, however, that these fears are unwarranted: "Even among the early leaders of the Popular Front, a movement presented as exemplary, awareness, willingness, and capacity to mobilize against the fascist threat were neither complete nor entirely clear-headed."
| 2.015625
| 0
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78905653
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasshouses%20Mill
|
Glasshouses Mill
|
Glasshouses Mill is a historic building in Glasshouses, North Yorkshire, a village in England.
The watermill was built between 1812 and 1814 to spin flax, on the site of a corn mill. In 1835, it was purchased by the Metcalfe family, who added east and west wings, followed by a warehouse and offices in 1844, and a further warehouse in 1852. In 1851, a larger watermill was installed, designed by William Fairbairn & Sons and fed by a 10 million gallon reservoir. In 1857 a steam engine was installed, followed by a gas plant in 1864, and a water turbine in 1871. In 1878, a boiler house and joiners' shop were constructed. Several other buildings were constructed in the period, to designs by W. R. Corson, including housing, a school and chapel.
In 1899, the mill was converted to spin hemp, and in 1912 it was purchased by the Atkinson family. The mill closed in 1972, and was converted to house various small businesses. It was grade II listed in 2007. In 2016, work began to convert it into housing.
The mill is built of sandstone, with quoins, roofs of slate, stone slate and tile, and it is in two and three storeys. There is a U-shaped plan with three ranges around a courtyard. The central range has twelve bays, the west wing has nine bays and six to the north, and the east wing has 15 bays and an extension, and there are detached subsidiary buildings. The central block has a three-bay extension with a clock and a bell tower.
| 2.359375
| 0
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78905887
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Danube
|
Old Danube
|
Today, the Old Danube is a popular leisure and bathing area close to the city center, easily accessible via Vienna’s subway system. Several well-known public bathing areas are located along its banks, including the famous Gänsehäufel. Another notable bathing site is the Bundesbad Alte Donau, which covers an area of approximately . Originally opened in 1919 as a military swimming school, it was made accessible to the public in the 1950s.
The eastern side of the lake features multiple public piers, platforms, rowing clubs and a few restaurants. The beaches are freely accessible; however, due to the lack of amenities like changing cabins, these facilities are primarily utilized by locals.
Visitors can rent rowing boats, sailing boats, pedalos, electric boats and surfboards. It is a good area for beginner sailors, although the surrounding high-rise buildings, such as those in Donau City and UNO-City, can create unpredictable winds.
Several rowing clubs and associations use the Old Danube for training, and in summer, events like rowing regattas, such as the Vienna Nightrow, take place on the lake.
In winter, the Old Danube can sometimes be used for ice skating, though caution is advised. The ice thickness is not officially monitored, and warm groundwater inflows can cause the ice to weaken or melt from below, even during prolonged cold weather.
| 2.21875
| 0
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78905948
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delivery%20After%20Raid
|
Delivery After Raid
|
The photograph
On October 9, photographer Fred Morley of Fox Photos saw the firefighters and knew he had to document the image. Due to wartime censorship rules, it was unlikely that the British government would allow such a photo to be published, as it would hurt the morale of the country, one by indirectly supporting the Germans by showing the success of their bombing campaign, and two, by contributing to public panic and dismay. The only way Morley could get past the censors to document the bombing was by creating "a more palatable fiction". Morley borrowed a milkman's uniform and accessories and dressed his assistant in the clothes and had him walk through the scene as he captured the photo. The censors saw the milkman representing the "Blitz Spirit", the strength and resolve of the British people in the face of great suffering and destruction, and allowed newspapers to publish the photo on October 10. The photo is often discussed as part of a set of three or more similarly contrived photos from the late 1940 Blitz era. These include several images of mail carriers delivering or picking up mail (Mail as Usual, September 11), a staged image of insurance adjusters examining the damage of the Holland House library (Damaged Library, October 23), and a retouched image of an attack on St Paul's Cathedral. (St Paul's Survives, December 29).
Provenance and exhibitions
| 2.3125
| 0
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78906030
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20Billboard%20number-one%20dance%20songs
|
Timeline of Billboard number-one dance songs
|
Billboard magazine has published charts ranking the top-performing dance music songs in the United States since 1974. Originally a top-ten list of tracks that garnered the largest audience response in New York City discothèques, the chart began on October 26, 1974, under the title Disco Action. The chart went on to feature playlists from various cities around the country from week to week. Billboard continued to run regional and city-specific charts throughout 1975 and 1976 until the issue dated August 28, 1976, when a 30-position National Disco Action Top 30 premiered. The first number-one song on the chart for the issue dated August 28, 1976, was "You Should Be Dancing" by the Bee Gees.
The Dance/Disco chart was split into the 12-inch Singles Sales chart and the Club Play chart on the issue dated March 16. The first number one on the dance sales chart was "New Attitude"/"Axel F", a split single by Patti LaBelle and Harold Faltermeyer from Beverly Hills Cop soundtrack. On March 1, 2003. Billboard launched the 40-position Hot Dance Radio Airplay chart online August 16, 2003, ranking the songs on stations playing mainly dance music. The first dance airplay number one was Beyoncé's "Crazy In Love". On the issue dated January 26, 2013, Billboard launched the Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart, tracking top 50 dance songs based on digital downloads, radio airplay, streaming, and club play. Billboard split the Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart on January 18, 2025 to create the Hot Dance/Pop Songs chart, which focuses on songs with "dance-centric vocals, melody, and hooks by artists not rooted in the dance genre". Since then, the Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart compiles songs primarily recorded by DJs or producers, with an emphasis on electronic-based production.
| 2.046875
| 0
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78906155
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessie%20Bown%20Ricker
|
Bessie Bown Ricker
|
Bessie Digby Bown Ricker (January 4, 1872 – June 30, 1953) was an American performer popular on the vaudeville stage, "one of the best known entertainers in St. Louis." Her specialties were impersonating child characters in monologues, and giving readings of children's stories and verse. She went to France during World War I to entertain American troops there.
Early life and education
Bown was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, and raised in Kirkwood, Missouri, the daughter of W. J. H. Bown and Mary Digby Bown. Her father worked at a coffee and spice company. She studied at the Columbia School of Oratory in Chicago, and worked with singer Carrie Jacobs Bond.
Career
Ricker gave poetry readings and impersonations, especially of child characters, but also sang, danced, acted and wrote for the stage for over forty years. In 1918 she went overseas with the YMCA, to entertain American troops in World War I. She made three recordings of recitations for the Victor label in 1923. She co-directed an amateur entertainment to benefit a scholarship fund in Saint Louis in 1926. She was an active member of the Wednesday Club in Saint Louis.
Personal life
Bown married businessman William L. Ricker. She died in 1953, at the age of 81, in Saint Louis, Missouri.
| 2.359375
| 0
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78906238
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master%20Y%C3%BCan
|
Master Yüan
|
Master Yüan is also critical of attitudes which attach to and reify the letter of the Buddhist disciplinary code. In an encounter between Yüan and a Dharma Master Chih, which anticipates the dialogues of the later recorded-sayings genre, Chih confronts Yüan for being on the butchers' lane in the marketplace, as it is a violation of the Buddhist precepts for monks to witness the slaughter of animals. When Chih expresses his outrage that Yüan has seen the slaughtering of sheep, Yüan responds, "You're seeing it on top of seeing it!" Yüan points out that Chih has reified both the seeing of the slaughter and the violation of the disciplinary code. According to Jorgensen, Yüan is concerned with the spirit rather than the letter of the Buddhist precepts. This attitude echoes teachings found in the Prajñāpāramitā sutras, for example: "non-renunciation of moral training consists in the non-observation of all moral duties."
According to Yanagida, Master Yüan may have been the inspiration for the Oxhead School text, the Jueguan lun (Treatise on Cutting Off Contemplation). Broughton too observes that the Jueguan lun contains a dialogue between two figures, Ju-li (Entrance-into-Principle) and Yüan-men (Gate-of-Conditioned). According to Broughton, the latter may be a literary representation of Master Yüan, whose name means "conditioned." Yanagida also believed that Master Yüan's dialogues were known to the author of the Zhengdao ge.
| 2
| 0
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78907025
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massey%20University%20Library
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Massey University Library
|
Collections and holdings
The library's physical and digital collections serve the university community's teaching and research needs. Shaped by user preferences and technological advances, the character of the collections has changed during the twenty-first century. By 2023, the library held more than 400,000 print titles, nearly 700,000 electronic titles, and nearly 140,000 serial titles of which most are available online.
Special Collections include rare manuscripts, such as a fifteenth-century copy of the Le Livre de Boece de Consolacion, Pictures of the Old and New Testaments (seventeenth century), Stubb’s Anatomy of the Horse (1815 reprint), and The Art Album of New Zealand Flora (1889). Some of its other notable collections include the Bagnall collection, comprising items from the personal holdings of bibliographic scholar Austin Graham Bagnall, and the Glyn Harper Military collection, which contains materials which consists of materials related to military history.
The University Archives, administered by the library, serve as the official archives and a collecting archive for the university.
College and University Librarians
Massey Agricultural College Librarians:
Erica Baillie (part-time), 1930–1932
Miss M.B. Hainsworth, 1932–1935
Louisa C. Sheppard (part-time), 1936–1937
F. Arthur Sandall, 1938–1944
Joan A. Swinbourn (acting), 1944–1946
Harry D. Erlam, 1947–1951
Mary G. Campbell, 1951–1963
Massey University Librarians
Mary G. Campbell (acting), 1964
D. Lloyd Jenkins, 1965–1983
J.W. (Bill) Blackwood, 1983–1991
Helen Renwick, 1991–2001
John Redmayne, 2002–2014
Linda Palmer, 2014–present
| 1.984375
| 0
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78907095
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelma%20Reiss
|
Thelma Reiss
|
Thelma Reiss (née Reiss-Smith; 2 July 1906 – 17 September 1991) was a British cellist who had an international career as a soloist and chamber musician between 1930 and 1955. Her teachers were Ivor James and Guilhermina Suggia. She was a musical prodigy from an impoverished background who toured in the south-west of England as a young child, and played in theatres, clubs and restaurants before coming to wider public attention in the early 1930s. In that decade she performed concertos with most major British orchestras, made several tours in Europe, and gave premieres of works by Arnold Bax and George Dyson, before her career was interrupted by the Second World War. After the war, she continued to give recitals, retiring from performance in 1955 due to ill health.
Contemporary accounts of her playing emphasise her "beautiful, unforced tone", according to Margaret Campbell in The Great Cellists, and her "attractive appearance and warm platform personality" made her popular with audiences.
Early life and education
Thelma Reiss-Smith was born on 2 July 1906 in Plymouth, Devon. Her mother was a musician who taught singing and was an amateur violinist; her father had been in the Royal Navy at the local naval base and later kept a public house. After her father's death during the First World War the family was left impoverished. The adverse conditions of her upbringing were reflected in poor health, with Reiss being malnourished and having tuberculosis as a child.
She was a musical prodigy, playing the piano at the age of three, learning the cello with a Royal Marines Band musician from the age of six or seven, and also studying singing and dancing. Her first concert appearance came as a seven year old, playing the Cello Concerto in A minor by Georg Goltermann. She then went on tour in the south-west of England, displaying her musical and dancing skills, and aged eleven, joined a trio entertaining diners at a local restaurant.
| 2.40625
| 0
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78907095
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelma%20Reiss
|
Thelma Reiss
|
Reception and style
Margaret Campbell writes in The Great Cellists that Reiss's "attractive appearance and warm platform personality" made her popular with audiences, and that contemporary accounts of her playing emphasise her "beautiful, unforced tone". The cellist Sheridan Russell, who was a friend, describes her as having an "extraordinary range of tone, warmth of feeling and superb musicianship".
A 1933 review in The Times describes Reiss-Smith as a "highly accomplished and finely tempered musician", praising her technical skills and a "certain air of elegance" demonstrated by her playing. A review in that newspaper the following year highlights her "lyrical style and delicate phrasing" in the Elgar concerto, but criticises her tempo. In 1935, a Times review compliments her "clean and fluent technique" and "keen sense of tone values" in a performance of Saint-Saëns' Cello Concerto in A minor at the Proms.
An entry in the Radio Times of 1937 assesses Reiss as one of Britain's foremost young cellists, particularly praising a "certain intensive beauty" to her work. A review in Hamburger Anzeiger (quoted by Campbell) on her German debut that year highlights her "outstanding ability" and "marvellous technique", and notes that her "playing moves the audience from beginning to end". A Times review the same year of a Proms performance of Brahms's Double Concerto, with Eda Kersey, writes that Reiss "makes up in skill what she lacks in sheer strength", and particularly praises her phrasing. A more-critical Times review of a performance of the double concerto with Arthur Catterall in 1939 notes that they brought out the work's "vein of romance" and "sweetness", rather than its "strength". A Times review of a 1938 recital describes her as playing with an "accurate ear, a feeling for the shape of a phrase, and a warm, if not powerful, tone even on the higher notes", and highlights her "delicate lightness" in playing Bach and Eccles.
| 2.03125
| 0
|
78907205
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Brocklesby%20Davis
|
Robert Brocklesby Davis
|
Robert Brocklesby Davis (27 December 1911 – 7 October 1980) was a british-born psychiatrist known for his contributions to mental health care and education in India.
Early Life and education
Davis was born on 27 December 1911 in Amritsar to Dr. George Brocklesby Davis, a missionary doctor, and Lucy Howard, a missionary schoolteacher. He was the eldest of eight children. In 1919, amidst political unrest against britishers in British India, his family relocated to Ely, England.
He was educated at Stowe School in Buckinghamshire and earned a B.A. in Anatomy, Physiology, and Psychology from Cambridge University in 1932. Davis completed his M.R.C.S. & L.R.C.P. in 1935 and his M.B.B.S. from Cambridge in 1936. During his house appointments at London Hospital in 1935-36, he received the London Hospital Prize in Clinical Medicine and Surgery.
Career
Indian Medical Service
Davis joined the Indian Medical Service in 1936 as a Lieutenant, becoming a Captain in 1937. His interest in psychiatry led to his appointment as Psychiatric Specialist for the Northern Command from 1938 to 1942.
During World War II, Davis served in the British Indian Army and rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He commanded the 80th Indian Field Ambulance (Parachute) and led an evacuation of injured soldiers through the jungles of Nagaland under enemy fire. For his courage, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in 1944.
European Mental Hospital
In 1946, Davis became the Superintendent of the European Mental Hospital in Ranchi. Post-independence, he facilitated the renaming of the hospital to the Interprovincial Mental Hospital and opened it to Indian patients. He reorganized the hospital, increasing its capacity to 600 beds, and later, it was renamed the Central Institute of Psychiatry. During his time at the hospital, the renowned Bengali poet Kazi Nazrul Islam was briefly treated before being sent to Europe for further care. Davis introduced several firsts in Indian psychiatry:
| 2.5625
| 0
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78907624
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubaid%20Iqbal%20Asim
|
Ubaid Iqbal Asim
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Ubaid Iqbal Asim (born 25 July 1959), also written as Obaid Iqbal Asim, is an Indian Muslim scholar, writer, researcher, and biographer, known for his contributions to literature and research. A native of Deoband, Uttar Pradesh, he completed his early and higher education at Darul Uloom Deoband and pursued Master of Arts in Arabic from Aligarh Muslim University in 1996. He later earned his Ph.D. in 2002 from the same university, focusing on the life and contributions of Zafar Ahmad Usmani. His works primarily address scholarly and social issues.
Early life and education
Ubaid Iqbal Asim was born on 25 July 1959 (19 Muharram 1379 AH) in Deoband, Uttar Pradesh.
He began his educational journey at Darul Uloom Deoband, where he completed the Dars-e-Nizami course in 1980. He later pursued an M.A. in Arabic at Aligarh Muslim University in 1996 and obtained his Ph.D. in Arabic in 2002.
Career
Asim has played an active role on social and educational fronts. He has served as the General Secretary of the Aligarh Zakat Fund, Secretary of the All India Education Movement and the Uttar Pradesh Rabta Committee.
He is also a member of the Central Committee of the All India Majlis-e-Mushawarat and the All India Educational Caravan.
He has been associated with Aligarh Muslim University in some capacity.
Asim was honored with the Sir Syed Awareness Forum Award 2019 for his outstanding contributions in his field during the 10th National Seminar organized by the Sir Syed Awareness Forum at Aligarh Mahotsav.
Literary works
Asim has mastery over Urdu and Arabic languages and has authored numerous books and research articles on academic and scholarly topics. His notable works include Ghubar-e-Khatir aur Uska Sha'iri Sarmaya, Ijtimai Nizam-e-Zakat, and Insaaf Ki Dastak. He also authored a book titled Deoband: Tareekh-o-Tahzeeb ke Aaine Mein, which explores the history and culture of Deoband.
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78908047
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huping%20Mountain
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Huping Mountain
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Huping Mountain () is located in Shimen County, Hunan, China. It is the boundary mountain between Hunan and Hubei provinces. Its highest peak elevation is , making it the second highest peak in Hunan, after Ling Peak (), which stands above sea level.
History
Huping Mountain was designated as a Provincial Nature Reserve by Hunan Provincial People's Government in 1982 and was rated as a National Nature Reserve by the State Council of China in 1994.
Geography
Huping Mountain is a part of the Wuling Mountains, lies at the northern end of the Wuling Mountains, with 266 peaks above above sea level. It has an area of , all of which belongs to Shimen County.
There are seven streams and brooks rise in Huping Mountain, all of them flow into the Xie River (), a first level tributary of theLishui River.
There are over 100 waterfalls in Huping Mountain, which known as "Huping Flying Waterfalls" () is one of the "Ten Scenic Spots of Changde".
Biology
There are a large number of flora and fauna in Huping Mountain, with over 6,500 species currently recognized, including 570 species of vertebrates belonging to 4 classes, 30 orders, and 100 families, including 9 species of national first-class protected animals such as leopard, clouded leopard, dwarf musk deer, golden eagle, scaly-sided merganser, oriental stork, black stork, and Chinese pangolin. There are also 49 species of national second-class key protected animals such as Chinese giant salamander, temminck's tragopan, macaque, and mainland serow. And 4,145 species of insects inhabit the mountain.
There are 3,080 species of vascular plants belonging to 1,026 genera in 227 families in Huping Mountain, including 7 species of national first-class protected plants such as Davidia involucrata, Davidia involucrata var vilmoriniana, Ginkgo, Taxus chinensis, , , and Metasequoia glyptostroboides, as well as 29 species of national second-class protected plants such as Tetracentron sinense, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Liriodendron chinense, and Emmenopterys.
| 2.4375
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78908301
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20the%20Portland%20Police%20Bureau
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History of the Portland Police Bureau
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In 1985, Penny Harrington became Portland's first female chief of police, and the first to head a major U.S. police department. Also in 1985, PPB killed a Black veteran, Lloyd Stevenson, by placing him in a chokehold. Stevenson had served in Vietnam for the Marine Corps, and was buried with military honors at Willamette National Cemetery. After scrutiny over Officer Gary Barbour's chokehold, on the day of his funeral, officers sold "don't choke 'em, smoke 'em" t-shirts from a police precinct (Kelly Penumbra building, 47th and E Burnside) and the Portland Police Association's bar, the Portland Police Athletic Association. Two officers, Richard Montee and Paul Wickersham, were fired by Mayor Bud Clark, but later reinstated. A month after the killing, when a grand jury decided to not prosecute the officers, PPA president Stan Peters said people shouldn't "dwell on the past", stating community relations would improve once those angry with the police moved on. He had previously called Black leaders "opportunists" and "vultures" over the Stevenson killing reaction.
The headquarters of the Portland Police Bureau was in the Portland Police Block until 1984. The 1912 building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Since 1992, there have been several cases of suspects having died while in custody at the Multnomah County Detention Center.
Prohibition
Oregon passed Prohibition laws in 1915. These were enacted in 1916, well ahead of the 18th Amendment. Mayor H. Russell Albee, embroiled in several unrelated controversies, ordered chief John Clark to visibly enforce the prohibition laws. Clark created a "morals squad" in 1916 with Lt. Leo A. Harms as its leader. The raids and arrests focused on the consumers and low-level suppliers, making little impact. Even when an individual appeared in front of a jury trial, the jury would decline to find the person guilty. In at least two cases the jury drank the evidence (liquor) then acquitted the accused for lack of evidence.
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78908440
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege%20of%20Setenil%20de%20las%20Bodegas
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Siege of Setenil de las Bodegas
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The siege of Setenil was military engagement between the Castilians and the Moors of Granada. The Castilians besieged the town of Setenil, near Ronda. The siege lasted for 20 days and ended in failure for Castile.
Background
In 1407, the Castilian regent Ferdinand prepared a crusade against the Granadans. However, in June, he fell ill, and the campaign had to be postponed. In September, Ferdinand was healed. He began preparations; he entered the chapel of the kings and took the sword from the hand of the statue of Ferdinand III of Castile. His campaign aimed to capture Ronda, which was the heart of a network of adjacent castles.
On September 26, the Castilians laid siege to Zahara de la Sierra. Using three large cannons, they breached the walls. Four days later, the town surrendered and the Granadans were allowed to depart unharmed. After this, Ferdinand dispatched a force to scout Ronda; however, after they returned, they reported the city was well fortified. Ferdinand wanted to attack, but his nobles argued against that; instead, they turned to Setenil de las Bodegas.
Siege
Ferdinand arrived at Setenil on October 5, and he began setting the guns to bombard the fort. The cannoneers had difficulty finding the range; some projectiles missed their targets, and others created friendly fire, wounding Castilians. Within a few weeks, the Castilians ran out of stones, so each man had to carry a limited number of stones to fire. The Granadans held out, repairing damages done to the walls. The Castilians then assaulted the walls using wooden towers; however, just before it reaches the walls, the wheels of the towns catch in a ditch, unable to move. Many began deserting due to lack of payment and food. As winter was approaching, Ferdinand decided to raise the siege on the 25th, taunted by the Moors.
| 2.671875
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78908441
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege%20of%20Loja
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Siege of Loja
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Before any works were completed, Ali, seeing what was happening, sent troops to dislodge the Spanish. The Spanish, seeing the sortie, left their works and chased the Granadans. They, however, made a feign retreat while the Spanish pursued them. Away from the redoubt, the Spanish were ambushed. Too late to respond, the Spanish retreated as quickly as possible; however, the Spanish found themselves attacked by two Granadan divisions. The battle lasted for an hour and ended with the retreat of Granadnas when Spanish reinforcements arrived, but only after the Spanish suffered heavy losses. The Grand Master of Calatrava, Rodrigo Tellez Giron, was killed in the battle.
Ferdinand was now convinced of his bad position. His men were exhausted and began deserting in large numbers. The majority of them are new recruits. He ordered a retreat, hoping to receive more reinforcements to impose the siege effectively. On the 4th of July, Ferdinand issued the troops at the heights to break their camps and join with the main body. Soon after they began retreating, the Granadans launched a sortie to take the occupied positions. The Spanish, seeing their comrades descending, thought that they were surprised by the Moors and routed. Panic struck the camp, and the troops began retreating in disorder.
The Granadans, seeing what was happening, rushed to attack the Spanish. The Granadans began cutting down the Spanish from all sides, inflicting heavy losses, and chased them six leagues from Loja. Ferdinand, however, remained calm and rushed towards the massacre with a body of cavalry to cover the retreat. Ferdinand succeeded in compelling the Granadans to retreat after the battle. Ferdinand continued his retreat. Had Ferdinand not remained calm, the Spanish army would've been completely destroyed.
| 2.671875
| 0
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78908546
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annedore%20Leber
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Annedore Leber
|
Annedore Leber (; 1904-1968) was a German journalist and politician who was involved in the German resistance to Nazism.
Early life and education
Annedore Rosenthal was born on 18 March 1904, the daughter of school teacher Georg Rosenthal and his wife Auguste Rosenthal (). Rosenthal herself did not attend school, and was instead homeschooled by her father. In 1922, she passed her abitur as an external pupil at either a school in Rudolstadt, or in Lübeck.
She began studying law in 1922, but did not complete her studies. Instead she worked as an apprentice in a tailor's shop, eventually passing the master's examination in 1935.
Marriage and persecution
In 1927, she married Julius Leber (taking his surname) and became a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). The couple had two children. Julius Leber, a prominent member of the German resistance to Nazism, was imprisoned in 1933 and spent several years in various prisons and concentration camps. Annedore Leber moved with her children to Berlin and after her master's examination ran a tailor's shop while she tried to secure her husband's release.
German resistance
Julius Leber was released on 5 May 1937. Reunited, the couple immediately resumed their involvement in the German resistance, making contact with members of the resistance in the Wehrmacht and the Kreisau Circle. In 1938, Leber became head of the department for sewing patterns in a publishing house. Her office was used to maintain contact between resistance members. When Julius Leber was imprisoned again in July 1944, Annedore Leber and her children were also imprisoned between August and September 1944. On 20 October 1944, Julius Leber was sentenced to death, and on 5 January 1945, he was executed.
| 2.359375
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78908586
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codesmith
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Codesmith
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Codesmith is a New York-based technology school specializing in software engineering, artificial Intelligence and machine learning.
Codesmith was founded by Will Sentance and Alex Zai in 2015.
Codesmith’s curriculum was inspired by the Socratic method employed at Oxford University and features both conceptual learning and practice-based methods such as pair programming.Codesmith also offers training in computer science, JavaScript, and mobile development.Codesmith’s curriculum also includes React and Node.js coding. Codesmith also offers a Minorities in Tech Mentorship Group for underprivileged groups.
The company was initially based in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Playa Vista.
In 2016, Codesmith started offering on-site programs in New York and Los Angeles, alongside remote programs for both campuses.
Codesmith’s offerings include its part-time and full-time software engineering immersive programs. In addition, Codesmith provides free public resources, including workshops and lectures, which prospective students often use to prepare for the application and technical interview process.
| 2.4375
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78908649
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenocereus%20standleyi
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Stenocereus standleyi
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Stenocereus standleyi is a species of cactus in the genus Stenocereus, endemic to Mexico.
Description
Stenocereus standleyi typically grows in a spreading or slightly tree-like form, featuring numerous branching shoots and reaching heights of 2 to 4 meters without a distinct trunk. The light green shoots can be up to 8 centimeters in diameter and usually have four broad, notched ribs. They possess four to six central spines, which start off reddish and become gray as they age, measuring 2 to 2.5 centimeters long. Additionally, there are 10 to 16 radial spines, each 10 to 15 millimeters long, which also turn gray over time. The plant produces narrow, bell-shaped white flowers that bloom at night and measure 6 to 8 centimeters in length. Its egg-shaped reddish fruits, which reach a diameter of 3 to 4 centimeters with red or orange pulp and black seeds. Fruits are covered in curved areoles.
Distribution
Stenocereus standleyi is commonly found in several Mexican states, including Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, and Sinaloa.
Taxonomy
This species was first described in 1927 as Lemaireocereus standleyi by botanist . The species name, standleyi, honors American botanist Paul Carpenter Standley. In 1961, Franz Buxbaum reclassified the species under the genus Stenocereus.
| 2.640625
| 0
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78908674
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu%20%CA%BFAbbas%20bin%20Jabr%20bin%20Amr%20al-Aws%C4%AB
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Abu ʿAbbas bin Jabr bin Amr al-Awsī
|
Abu ‘Abbas bin Jabr (Arabic: أبو عبس بن جبر) was a companion of Prophet Muhammad who participated on all military campaigns alongside the Prophet.
Biography
Abu ‘Abbas bin Jabr was the son of ‘Amr bin Zaid bin Jusham bin Haritha, a member of the Banu Haritha tribe. His mother was Layla bint Rafi‘ bin ‘Amr bin ‘Adi bin Majda‘ah bin Haritha.
He was born before Islam and was one of the few people who knew how to write Arabic.
After embracing Islam, he broke the idols of his tribe alongside Abu Burdah bin Niyar. The Prophet Muhammad established a bond of brotherhood between Abu ‘Abbas bin Jabr and Khunais bin Hudhafah al-Sahmi.
Abu ‘Abbas participated in the Battles of Badr, Uhud, al-Khandaq, and all other battles alongside the Prophet Muhammad.
He was among those who participated in the assassination of Ka‘b bin al-Ashraf.
During the caliphates of Umar and Uthman, he served as a "Mussaddiq"
He had many descendants in Medina and Baghdad. Among them were Muhammad and Mahmoud, whose mother was Umm ‘Isa bint Muslimah bin Salamah bin Khalid bin ‘Adi bin Majda‘ah bin Haritha. She was the sister of Muhammad bin Maslamah and one of the women who pledged allegiance. Another of his sons was ‘Ubaydullah, whose mother was Umm Harith bint Muhammad bin Maslamah bin Salamah bin Khalid bin ‘Adi bin Majda‘ah bin Haritha. He also had sons named Zaid and Humayd, though their mother is not named in the records.
Abu Abbas died at the age of 70 in the year 34 A.H (654 CE).
His Janazah (funeral prayer) was led by Uthman, and he was buried in Al-Baqi', Medina. It is narrated that those who descended into his grave included Abu Burdah bin Niyar, Qatadah bin al-Nu‘man, Muhammad bin Maslamah, and Salamah bin Salamah bin Waqsh, all of whom were participants in the Battle of Badr.
| 2.3125
| 0
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78908825
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arts%20Institute%20of%20the%20Federal%20University%20of%20Rio%20Grande%20do%20Sul
|
Arts Institute of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
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Postgraduate degrees
In 1962, the process of structuring postgraduate courses began, with the approval on October 30 of a two-year Postgraduate Improvement Course in Painting, Sculpture, Decorative Arts, and Singing. In 1987, the Master’s Degree in Music was established, with concentrations in Composition, Music Education, Musicology/Ethnomusicology, and Interpretative Practices, followed by the Doctorate in 1995 in the same areas. The Postgraduate Program in Music was the only one in the country to receive the maximum score of 7 from CAPES.
In the Visual Arts, the Master’s degree was created in 1991, and the Doctorate in 1998, focusing on Visual Poetics and the History, Theory, and Criticism of Art. In 1995, the Visual Arts Documentation and Research Center was founded, with divisions in the areas of Memory and Modern and Contemporary Art in Rio Grande do Sul, including an editorial program. In 1997, the Art and Technology Laboratory was created, followed by the Infographics and Multimedia Laboratory. The Specialization in Museology and Cultural Heritage was launched in 2001.
The Master's in Performing Arts was established in 2001, and the Doctorate in 2015. In recent years, a series of agreements have been made with national and international institutions across all three departments, along with the organization of congresses and seminars and the publication of specialized literature.
Current days
| 2.1875
| 0
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78909407
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Isaaq%20conflicts
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Anglo-Isaaq conflicts
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The Anglo-Isaaq conflicts were a series of confrontations between British forces and the Isaaq Sultanate and the Isaaq clan in Somaliland from 1825 to 1945.
The first of these conflicts occurred in 1825, when a British ship named the Mary Anne was attacked, sacked, and plundered by Isaaq forces in the port city of Berbera. The attack led to a British blockade of the city and subsequent negotiations with the Sultanate. Further incidents occurred in the 1850s, notably with the Attack on British exploring expeditions and the Blockade of Berbera (1855), which were key points of friction between the British and the Isaaq. After the establishment of the British Somaliland Protectorate in 1884, tensions continued between the Isaaq and British authorities. The Isaaq led several rebellions against colonial rule, including the 1922 Burao Tax Revolt, a significant uprising against unfair taxation, and the 1945 Sheikh Bashir Rebellion, which was motivated by political and religious grievances.
These conflicts, though interspersed with treaties and agreements, ultimately resulted in the incorporation of Isaaq territories into British Somaliland, shaping the political landscape of the region for decades.
| 3
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78909444
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese%E2%80%93Portuguese%20conflicts
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Burmese–Portuguese conflicts
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Incident at Cape Negrais, 1580
In 1580, a Burmese fleet encountered Portuguese ships near Cape Negrais. The Portuguese captured several Burmese vessels but were outnumbered and had to withdraw.
Background
In 1596, Min Razagyi, the King of Arakan, having conquered Syriam and the Kingdom of Pegu, sought to reward the Portuguese for their assistance by granting them the port of Syriam.
In the 1600s, Filipe de Brito, a native of Lisbon of French nationality, who was described as ambitious, then convinced the king to establish a customs house at the river's mouth. In reality, De Brito intended to turn it into a fortress, which he planned to use as a base for Portuguese operations to the eventual conquest of the whole kingdom. Once the customs house was completed, the king placed it in charge of one Banadala, who, suspecting De Brito, fortified the site and barred Portuguese entry.
Frustrated, De Brito resolved to seize the fort by force before its defenses were fully operational.
Incidents and Engagements
Attack on Syriam, 1600s
With the support of three Portuguese officers, João de Oliva, Paulo do Rego, Salvador Ribeiro, and a contingent of 50 men, De Brito launched a surprise attack, ousting Banadala, who retreated to a nearby island and fortified himself. Banadala then gathered a force of 1,000 men, and took the treasures belonging to the pagoda of Digan.
When King Min Razagyi learned of Banadala's actions, he considered sending reinforcements to aid him. However, De Brito convinced him otherwise, labeling Banadala as a "sacrilegious robber". De Brito volunteered to mediate the situation, a proposal the king accepted. De Brito used this opportunity to strengthen the fortifications at the customs house under his own directions, and by his own men.
| 3
| 0
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78909566
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilantica
|
Cilantica
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Cilantica is a genus of Indian tarantulas that was described by Mirza in 2024. Two members from Haploclastus were transferred into the genus along with one new species. They are only found in the Palakkad Gap.
Etymology
The name is the Latinized form of the Tamil word for spider, silanthi (சிலந்த).
Diagnosis
Large spiders, measuring 25–38 mm. The carapace is oval, hairy, with two distinct setae-free bands on each side of the caput. The fovea is shallow and curved. The posterior sternal sigilla are not very deep and are placed near the center. The retrolateral face of the chelicerae has parallel rows of thick, curved setae. The prolateral face of the maxilla features stout black bristles arranged along the suture line. Spines are present on legs II–IV. The spermathecae are mound-shaped. Females carry the egg sac under their chelicerae.
Ecology
The burrow is typically found on mud walls and embankments along streams, with a tubular extension made of soil, leaves, or other nearby materials. Females of Cilantica agasthyaensis were observed at two locations holding their egg sacs under the chelicerae.
Species
As of January 2025, it contains three species, all found in India:
Cilantica agasthyaensis (Mirza, 2024) (type)
Cilantica devamatha (Prasanth & Sunil Jose, 2014)
Cilantica kayi (Gravely, 1915)
| 3
| 0
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78910087
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy%20Sosnkowski
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Jerzy Sosnkowski
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Together with Czesław Piaskowski, a Polish set designer and decorator, he created the scenography for the movie Rycerze mroku (), directed by Bruno Bredschneider and Stefan Szwarc in 1932.
In this period, he also designed theatre sets (operettas) and interiors. Namely, the interior of the Żywiec restaurant in Warsaw was distinctive with its streamlined shapes, used in both architectural elements and furniture.
Thanks to his knowledge of foreign languages (French, German, Russian) and his artistic capabilities, Sonskowski travelled at length and published a number of articles in Tygodnik Illustrowany, often with his own illustrations: Lviv (1922), Borysław oil basin (1925), Lublin (1927), Hutsulshchyna (1928), French riviera (1925), Czechoslovakia (1925), Denmark (1926), Amsterdam (1928), Venice (1932).
Second world war and post war years
Jerzy Sosnkowski survived the war in occupied Warsaw. His activity during the conflict was very low: the only known works are illustrations for Józef Krysiński's thriller Mieszkanie przy ul. Wielka, published in Warsaw in 1941. He was arrested by the Gestapo on charges of commanding a combat action in Radom and then released in 1944. In spring, the same year, his wife left to Lisbon.
Released in October from a Kraków prison, he fled the advancing Red Army towards Germany in early 1945. He was arrested in Nuremberg by the 3rd American Army, identified and evacuated by plane on 27 May to Paris. Living in camps between France and England, Jerzy decided in the middle of 1947 to emigrate to Argentina, where he arrived on 20 July 1947, in Campaña, near Buenos Aires. In parallel, his brother Kazimierz had left Poland for Canada.
| 2.296875
| 0
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78910459
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebina%20Streeter
|
Zebina Streeter
|
Zebina Streeter (October 8, 1838 – June 26, 1889) was an American renegade known for the time he spent with the Apache tribes. Beginning in the 1870s, he raided Mexico and the Southwestern United States with Juh, a Chiricahua leader. He gained a reputation as a fierce warrior, earning the nickname White Apache.
Early life
Zebina Nathaniel Streeter was born in Genoa, New York on October 8, 1838 to William Adams Streeter and Hannah C. Day. He had one older brother, William Crandel Streeter. Streeter ran away at the age of 11 to voyage at sea. In 1856, he deserted from his ship in Panama. He was shot and recaptured, however, he was not forced to return to his seafaring life.
Military career
By 1857, Streeter had returned to America. That year, he served under the quartermaster of Albert Sidney Johnston during the Utah War. He continued on to California to stay with his father and stepmother. Here he became close with his half-brother William Charles Streeter.
In May 1864, Streeter joined Company B of the 1st California Cavalry Battalion as a second lieutenant. He was dismissed for drunkenness after only five months, but was allowed to reenlist in Company C as a private. He was honorably discharged in December 1865.
Streeter descended into Mexico and assumed the name Don Casimero. He served under Benito Juárez in his fight against Maximilian I of Mexico. He reached the rank of colonel and was granted honorary Mexican citizenship. He relocated to Cañada Alamosa, New Mexico. Fluent in Spanish and knowledgeable in the Apache language, Streeter worked as an interpreter at Fort Craig. Here he befriended Tom Jeffords and became acquainted with notable Apache leaders.
In 1872, Streeter joined General Oliver Otis Howard to negotiate a treaty with Cochise. He was then allegedly hired as the deputy to Harvey Whitehill in Silver City.
| 2.078125
| 0
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77414473
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican%20Party%20efforts%20to%20disrupt%20the%202024%20United%20States%20presidential%20election
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Republican Party efforts to disrupt the 2024 United States presidential election
|
In January 2020, NBC News reported that election security experts found at least 35 voting machines that were connected to the Internet as of the summer of 2019. While ES&S, Dominion Voting Systems and Hart InterCivic have all admitted to adding modems in some of their tabulators and scanners (for the purpose of quickly sharing unofficial election results), all of the voting machines that were accessible online were manufactured by ES&S and located in 11 states (including Florida, Wisconsin and Michigan) and Washington D.C. Some of these machines have been connected for months or possibly years at a time. Critical systems connected to the Internet via a firewall include vote tabulators and "the election-management system that is used in some counties to program voting machines before elections." Other security vulnerabilities - including missing firewall security patches, outdated SFTP server software, remote-access software, outdated operating systems, exposed passwords, exposed data of registered voters, no logging of some events, hash verification issues (noting that the hash verification was performed by ES&S instead of its customers), ballot marking device/scanner "hybrid" systems that can be changed with fake votes on machine-marked ballots after those ballots are cast, accessible SD and USB ports, plain text encryption keys for voter data, no set BIOS passwords, disabled Secureboot, presence of bloatware, no tamper-evident seals, immediate root access, unencrypted hard drives, use of simple default passwords, and "poor physical security protections that could allow undetected tampering" - were also reported.
| 2.140625
| 0
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77414852
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology%20of%20Titan
|
Geology of Titan
|
In 2008 Jeffrey Moore (planetary geologist of Ames Research Center) proposed an alternate view of Titan's geology. Noting that no volcanic features had been unambiguously identified on Titan so far, he asserted that Titan is a geologically dead world, whose surface is shaped only by impact cratering, fluvial and eolian erosion, mass wasting and other exogenic processes. According to this hypothesis, methane is not emitted by volcanoes but slowly diffuses out of Titan's cold and stiff interior. Ganesa Macula may be an eroded impact crater with a dark dune in the center. The mountainous ridges observed in some regions can be explained as heavily degraded scarps of large multi-ring impact structures or as a result of the global contraction due to the slow cooling of the interior. Even in this case, Titan may still have an internal ocean made of the eutectic water–ammonia mixture with a temperature of , which is low enough to be explained by the decay of radioactive elements in the core. The bright Xanadu terrain may be a degraded heavily cratered terrain similar to that observed on the surface of Callisto. Indeed, were it not for its lack of an atmosphere, Callisto could serve as a model for Titan's geology in this scenario. Jeffrey Moore even called Titan Callisto with weather.
In March 2009, structures resembling lava flows were announced in a region of Titan called Hotei Arcus, which appears to fluctuate in brightness over several months. Though many phenomena were suggested to explain this fluctuation, the lava flows were found to rise above Titan's surface, consistent with it having erupted from beneath the surface.
In December 2010, the Cassini mission team announced the most compelling possible cryovolcano yet found. Named Sotra Patera, it is one in a chain of at least three mountains, each between 1000 and 1500 m in height, several of which are topped by large craters. The ground around their bases appears to be overlaid by frozen lava flows.
| 2.609375
| 0
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77414852
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology%20of%20Titan
|
Geology of Titan
|
The "sand" on Titan is likely not made up of small grains of silicates like the sand on Earth, but rather might have formed when liquid methane rained and eroded the water-ice bedrock, possibly in the form of flash floods. Alternatively, the sand could also have come from organic solids called tholins, produced by photochemical reactions in Titan's atmosphere. Studies of dunes' composition in May 2008 revealed that they possessed less water than the rest of Titan, and are thus most likely derived from organic soot like hydrocarbon polymers clumping together after raining onto the surface. Calculations indicate the sand on Titan has a density of one-third that of terrestrial sand. The low density combined with the dryness of Titan's atmosphere might cause the grains to clump together because of static electricity buildup. The "stickiness" might make it difficult for the generally mild breeze close to Titan's surface to move the dunes although more powerful winds from seasonal storms could still blow them eastward.
Around equinox, strong downburst winds can lift micron-sized solid organic particles up from the dunes to create Titanian dust storms, observed as intense and short-lived brightenings in the infrared.
| 2.875
| 0
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77414884
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%20Madaye
|
Israel Madaye
|
Israel Madaye (born 23 March 1988) is a Chadian archer. A bronze medalist at the 2019 African Games, he qualified to compete at the 2024 Paris Olympics.
Career
A keen footballer in his youth, he began archery at the age of 19 years old. He won a regional event in Niger in 2013 and went on to reach the quarter-finals at the 2016 African Archery Championships in Windhoek, Namibia.
He won the bronze medal in the mixed team recurve event with Marlyse Hourtou at the 2019 African Games in Rabat. At the Games, he also finished fourth in the individual event and won bronze in the team event.
In 2023, he won the gold medal in the mixed team recurve bow with Martine Abaïfouta Hallas Maria at the 2023 African Archery Championships in Nabeul, Tunisia. With that result he automatically qualified for the 2024 Olympic Games.
In July 2024, he was confirmed to be representing Chad at the 2024 Paris Olympics.
In August 2024, he joined Good Neighbors (organization) as a global influencer, who supports initiatives to empower children in African countries.
Personal life
He is a resident archer at the World Archery Excellence Centre in Lausanne, Switzerland.
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77414995
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawayath%20Sultanate
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Nawayath Sultanate
|
Nawayath Sultanate (13th century C.E. to 14th century C.E.) also known as Hunnur Sultanate, was a tiny kingdom on the coast of Karavali, present-day Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka. It was probably established by Nawayath merchant Hasan Nakhuda at Hospattan, the village in Honnavar. It remained a sovereign kingdom until 1340, when the Harihara-nripala, the king of the unknown kingdom of Gersoppa, who controls the eastern part of the Sultanate, established his suzerainty over Sultan Jamaluddin. Unlike most of the kingdoms of the Indian Subcontinent, it was capable of marine warfare and possessed two of the most notable ships, namely the Tarida and the Ukairi.
The sultanate has patronized many architectural works, but they are under ruins, uninhabitable, or have vanished from the map of history, including the mosque built by Sultan Hasan Nakhuda, which resembles the grand mosque of Baghdad, the Mirjan Fort, and the Fort of Hospattan in Honnavar.
Origin
The Sultan Hasan and Jamaluddin were from the Nawayath community, who are descendants of the Arabs. The term has been given different meanings by different authors, such as Suyuti, who describes Nawayath as the corrupt word of Banu-Wayat; it means children of Wayat who are the descendants of Abdullah-Wayat. Conversely, Jafar Sharif presents an alternative origin, asserting that it comes from the Arabic term 'Nuwa-A-ay-t'hay', which translates to 'newcomer'. Wilk supports the meaning given by Jafar Sharif but he describes the word Nevayet has the indian origin which may be the corruption of Hindustani and Marathi terms. Another opinion is that it is apparently a Konkani word connected with Sanskrit nava (i.e., new) and implying new convert.
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77414995
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawayath%20Sultanate
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Nawayath Sultanate
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Friar Jordanus
In the year 1328, a French missionary and explorer embarked on a visit to the kingdom, during which he meticulously documented a detailed and succinct narrative recounting his expedition to Bhatigala, a place also recognized as Bhatkal. Historical records indicate that the ruler of Bhatigala was affiliated with the Saracens, denoting his adherence to the Islamic faith. According to the insights of Yule, it is probable that Jordanus was making a veiled reference to the sovereign of Honnavar, thereby shedding light on the intricate web of political and religious dynamics prevalent during that era.
Ibn Battuta
The Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta visited the sultanate in 1343. According to Ibn Battuta, "The sultan of Hunnur, Jamal-ud-din Muhammad, son of Hasan, is one of the best and most powerful rulers, but he is subordinate to a heathen raja (Sultan) named Haryab." He met Faqqi Ismail (also known as Faqqi Ismail Sukri) of Bhatkal and the local Qazi Nuruddin Ali, and received hospitality from Shaikh Muhammed Nagauri (an-Naqauri). He speaks about their social, economic, religious, cultural, and administrative factors. He fought a battle of Sindapur alongside them and returned with victory; a year later, under uncertain circumstances, he was unable to return to Hunnur without giving further account.
| 2.5625
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77415305
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Romney%20Lifeboat%20Station
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New Romney Lifeboat Station
|
On 22 January 1873, while at anchor in thick fog off Dungeness, the full-rigged ship Northfleet was rammed by the Murillo. 293 lives were lost. After a careful review by the RNLI, it was decided to once again place a lifeboat at Dungeness. As a result, the station at Littlestone-on Sea would be renamed New Romney Lifeboat Station in 1874.
New Romney lifeboat Dr. Hatton would rescue 10 men from the barque Alliance, on passage from London to Dieppe on 14 December 1874, when she was driven ashore. On 10 April 1876, the New Romney lifeboat was called to the aid of the Dutch schooner Tobina, which had run aground at Roar Bank, with seven men aboard. Two men were washed overboard, but after a difficult launch into very poor conditions, excellent seamanship brought the lifeboat to the vessel, and the remaining 5 crewmen were rescued. In recognition of this rescue, and 8 years service, Coxswain Michael Murphy, was awarded the RNLI Silver Medal.
A new lifeboat was placed at New Romney in 1884. This would be the 34-foot 3in Self-righting lifeboat Sandal Magna (ON 36), built by Woolfe of Shadwell. She was launched to the aid of the Windermere of Newcastle upon Tyne, on passage from London to Yangon (formerly Rangoon), when she was driven ashore at New Romney. All 13 crew were rescued.
In a severe storm on 9 March 1891, the Sandal Magna was launched to the aid of two vessels, the Echo, and the Hugh Barclay, both of Fleetwood, in difficulties off Littlestone. It had taken three attempts to get the boat into the water before she finally got away, such were the conditions, but before the vessels were reached, the lifeboat would be capsized, not once, but three times, finally being washed back on to the beach. Three lifeboatmen were lost, as were both crews of the Echo, and the Hugh Barclay.
| 2.296875
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77415477
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roads%20in%20Malawi
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Roads in Malawi
|
Roads in Malawi are an important mode of transport in Malawi. Malawi has 15,451 kilometers of road network as of 2016 of which 28% (4,312 km) was surfaced. There were 3,357 km of principal roads within the country with majority paved having 2976 km smooth tarmac. A different scenario came in 2014 when a certain report indicated that 38% of tarred routes were top shape, 40% had deteriorated though still passable while the remaining 22% required fixing.
Background
Malawi has a well-developed road network especially considering its modest economic status and this could be due to the relatively high population density as compared to other African countries. It features a well-developed paved road infrastructure characterized by the main north–south artery, M1, flanked with parallel branches and few others east–west routes owing to the elongated geography of the country. However, the road conditions often leave much to be desired. In the capital city of Lilongwe, paved roads are scarce, while Blantyre, the largest town, boasts a more urban landscape with a greater number of paved roads. On September 28, 2020, Lilongwe, a clover leaf interchange was sacrificed thus not a complete lack of motorways in Malawi thereby signifying a step ahead in the country's transportation development.
| 2.59375
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77415659
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeseom
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Saeseom
|
Saeseom () is an island in Seogwipo Port in , Seogwipo, Jeju Province, South Korea. It has an area of and is relatively short, with its highest point at above sea level. It is connected to the mainland via . Much of the island is a park called Saeseom Park ().
Description
"Saeseom" means "island of silver grass". It is a native Korean name and not a Sino-Korean word; thus it does not have a set Hanja associated with it. When written in Hanja, the name was rendered as either Chodo () or Modo (). During the 1910–1945 Japanese colonial period, the Japanese mistakenly thought the "sae" in the island's name referred to birds (), and wrote the island's name as Jodo (). A writer for the Encyclopedia of Korean Local Culture evaluated the Modo Hanja rendering as the most suitable.
The island was uninhabited until around 1965. Much of the island was made into a public park upon the completion of Saeyeon Bridge on September 30, 2009. It is currently partly privately and publicly owned. The island functions somewhat as a breakwater, and makes the water of the harbor calmer.
The island is now a popular place for walking and leisure, and has of hiking trails. Much of the island is covered by forest. The island's hiking trails have been continually updated over time. In 2022, a wooden deck was installed at the entrance of the island, and wooden guard rails were installed at elevated areas. Access to the island is restricted during severe weather, like typhoons. During bad weather, the bridge has gates that close to block entry to the island. The bridge itself is a tourist attraction, as it has fountains and a light show on the side. The fountain has a water and light show from April to May and June to October at various intervals in the evenings.
There are a large number of varied species of trees on the island, although most are varieties of pine. Tall grasses also grow, including the eponymous silver grass. Migratory birds land on the island.
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77415723
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christians%20for%20National%20Liberation
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Christians for National Liberation
|
Organizations such as Philippine Priests Inc. were transformed from providing retirement benefits to providing an increasingly revolutionary critique of Philippine society. Edicio de la Torre and Luis Jalandoni were influential in radicalizing members of the PPI, and were also influential in inspiring Christian youth organizations such as the Student Christian Movement of the Philippines.
This culminated with the first assembly of the Christians for National Liberation on February 17, 1972, coinciding with the 100th year death anniversary of Fathers Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora. The assembly took place at the worship room of the Sampaloc University Center in Manila and was attended by 72 members. CNL declared that it was working with the Communist Party of the Philippines to "expose and oppose imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism" and to "arouse, mobilize and organize both the middle elements and the masses of our society for a protracted and disciplined struggle on all fronts." The founding assembly outlined the following major tasks for CNL members:
To expose and oppose imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucrat capitalism
To arouse, mobilize and organize the masses for a protracted and disciplined struggle on all fronts
To constantly remould ourselves and others away from selfishness and pride to selflessness and humble service to the people.
A second general assembly was held on August 19–20, 1972 at the Assumption Convent in Herran, Manila, and was attended by over two hundred delegates. The CNL and other political organizations were shortly forced underground following the imposition of Martial Law in the Philippines on September 21, 1972.
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77415830
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro%20Plancio
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Pro Plancio
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Gnaeus Plancius
Gnaeus Plancius was a member of the equestrian class, the son of a tax collector () from the Lucanian town of Atina. In 61–60 BCE, Cicero had represented an association () of tax-collectors, including Plancius's father, in their attempt to reduce their financial obligations to the Roman state. The younger Plancius was a supporter of Pompey the Great.
When the exiled Cicero arrived at Dyrrachium in western Greece late in April 58 BCE, Plancius was serving as a quaestor (a junior financial official) on the staff of Lucius Appuleius Saturninus, the governor of Macedonia. Plancius travelled to meet Cicero, and took him to stay in his official residence () in Thessalonica, where Cicero remained until the following November, at which point Plancius was soon to return to Rome following the appointment of a new governor, Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus. As Cicero later recounted their meeting in the , Plancius took off his official insignia, put on mourning garb, and embraced Cicero, too overcome by tears to speak.
Plancius was subsequently elected as a plebeian tribune in 56 BCE. He then successfully ran for curule aedile in 55 BCE, in an election that Lily Ross Taylor has described as "a travesty of Roman free institutions". The election results were declared void, following corruption and violence during the campaign, and the election repeated in 54: Plancius was again elected, alongside Aulus Plautius. His election as aedile made Plancius the first in his family to enter the senate. It is debated whether Plancius served as aedile in 55 BCE, or was due to begin his year of office when prosecuted in 54.
| 2.421875
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77416479
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Hastings
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Mary Hastings
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Lady Mary Hastings () was a courtier at the court of Queen Elizabeth I of England. It was suggested that she would be married to the Russian tsar, Ivan the Terrible, and she was known by the courtesy title of "Empress of Muscovia" despite never marrying him. She died before 1589.
Biography
Mary Hastings was born . She was the youngest daughter of Francis Hastings, 2nd Earl of Huntingdon and Katherine Pole. In her youth, her brother Henry Hastings negotiated with John de Vere, 16th Earl of Oxford for Mary or her sister Elizabeth to be betrothed to Edward de Vere, Lord Bulbeck with a dowry of 1,000 marks and a jointure of £1,000. However, the Earl died before Hastings came of age and Edward's new guardian William Cecil, Lord Bughley arranged for him to marry his daughter Ann Cecil instead of one of the Hastings sisters.
By her late 20s, Mary Hastings had joined the court of Queen Elizabeth I. In 1581, Dr Robert Jacobi, an English doctor living in Moscow, suggested that Hastings would make a suitable eighth wife for the Russian tsar, Ivan the Terrible. Hastings was deemed suitable for the marriage as she was a descendant of the House of Plantagenet and was thus of royal blood. The Russian ambassador to England Fyodor Pisemsky, was ordered by Ivan to report on her appearance and to obtain a portrait for him. Queen Elizabeth was in trade negotiations with Russia but delayed seeing Pisemsky in relation to Hastings. When they finally met in 1582, the Queen claimed that Hastings had smallpox and that it would be intrusive for her to sit for a portrait. A later meeting in 1583 involved the Queen enquiring as to what status the marriage would give Hastings. Pisemsky answered that she'd have her own court if she converted to Orthodoxy and that any children they had would be treated as holding equal sovereign status as Ivan's son Fyodor. Eventually, Pisemsky and his interpreter were granted an audience with Hastings at a garden party later in the year by the Queen. Jerome Horsey recorded the encounter as such:
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77416777
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses%20Philippson
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Moses Philippson
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Moses Philippson (born May 9, 1775, in Sandersleben; died April 20, 1814, in Dessau) was a Jewish writer, teacher, translator, and publisher. He significantly contributed to the spread of the German language among Jews and promoted the connection with German culture through his Bible translations, commentaries, and writings.
Life
Early life
Moses Philippson was born into a Jewish family from Krakow, known for its many scholars, rabbis, educators, journalists, doctors, bankers, and scientists. The family's lineage traces back to the 16th century to Rabbi Joshua Hoeschel ben Joseph (ca. 1578–1648). His father, Philipp Moses (or Phoebus ben Moses Arnswald), a wandering scholar from Arnswalde, came to Sandersleben, married the shoemaker's daughter Rebecca Loeb, and settled as a small trader and peddler. The couple had six children. Moses, the eldest, attended the Yeshiva (Talmudic high school) in Halberstadt at twelve and later studied the Talmud in Braunschweig and Frankfurt (Oder).
Teacher, Writer, and Publisher
Since 1799, Philippson taught at the Jewish Franzschule in Dessau, where independent work and thinking were encouraged in the spirit of the Enlightenment. Alongside, he began his writing career and founded a printing press for Hebrew books. He printed Bible translations in German using Hebrew letters. His most famous work was the textbook "Kinderfreund und Lehrer" (Children's Friend and Teacher), published in two parts in 1808 and 1811.
Later Years
Moses Philippson died on April 20, 1814, in Dessau from typhus before he could complete his German-Hebrew lexicon. His grave on the Jewish cemetery is no longer locatable.
Among his five children, the following became well-known:
Phöbus Moses Philippson (1807–1870), German physician and writer
Ludwig Philippson (1811–1889), German writer and rabbi
Works
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77416866
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.%20A.%20Sibly
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W. A. Sibly
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Death and legacy
Sibly died at the Resthaven, Pitchcombe, following an operation, on 20 September 1959. A memorial service was held in the Wycliffe College Chapel. The service was conducted by Chaplain Rev. F. D. Morley, with readings by Rev. F. F. Clutterbuck and an address by Rev. T. S. Dixon. The Wycliffe Choir led the singing. Headmaster S. G. H. Loosley, staff, and a large congregation attended, including representatives from the Gloucestershire Education Committee, Vegetarian Society, Boy Scouts Association, and other organisations associated with Sibly. Relatives were also present.
Sibly's death marked the end of an era for the IVU, but his contributions to the vegetarian movement were considered to have a lasting impact. His work at Wycliffe and his leadership in the IVU helped promote vegetarianism and inspired many within the movement.
Sibly Hall at Wycliffe, commemorating Sibly and his father, was opened in 1964. S. G. H. Loosley's book, Wycliffe College: The First Hundred Years, 1882-1982, was dedicated to Sibly.
Personal life
Sibly was a non-smoker and teetotal. He was also an anti-vaccinationist and anti-vivisectionist. He was an avid cyclist and the founder-president of the Stonehouse Wheelers' Club.
Sibly never married, instead devoting his life to his school. He was described in an obituary as being somewhat eccentric.
Selected publications
Register of Old Wycliffians (1907/1913/1926/1958)
"Vegetarianism and the Growing Boy" (1914/1942)
"Health for Our Boys and Girls" ()
Wycliffe and the War (joint editor; 1923)
A Memoir of George William Sibly (1930)
"An Experiment in Vegetarian Diet" (1947)
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77417271
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion%20Services%20%28Safe%20Access%20Zones%29%20%28Scotland%29%20Act%202024
|
Abortion Services (Safe Access Zones) (Scotland) Act 2024
|
The Abortion Services (Safe Access Zones) (Scotland) Bill was introduced by Gillian Mackay, Scottish Greens MSP for Central Scotland on 5 October 2023. It received Royal assent on 22 July 2024 and became an Act of the Scottish Parliament. The Abortion Services (Safe Access Zones) Act (Scotland) 2024 creates safe access zones around abortion clinics in Scotland with a radius of 200 metres.
History
On 14 April 2022, there was a protest of 100 people outside the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital held by the anti-abortion group 40 Days for Life.
The Northern Ireland Assembly passed similar legislation in 2023: the Abortion Services (Safe Access Zones) Act (Northern Ireland) 2023. The UK Parliament included a section which created safe zones for abortion clinics in the Public Order Act 2023.
The Royal College of Nursing Scotland released a statement in support of the bill in December 2023.
On 25 March 2024, there was a large protest outside the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital.
In April, experts questioned why the law created 200 metre safe access zones rather than 150 metre safe access zones, but Gillian Mackay said she was resisting a change and intended to keep the 200 metre restrictions.
On 22 July 2024, the legislation gained Royal Assent.
| 2.25
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77418001
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M14%20road%20%28Malawi%29
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M14 road (Malawi)
|
The M14 road is a road in Malawi that serves as an east-west corridor in Malawi's central region, bridging the capital city of Lilongwe with Senga, and providing the main thoroughfare between the capital and the shores of Lake Malawi. Spanning 110 kilometers, this route plays a crucial role in connecting the heart of the country to the lake's stunning natural beauty and economic opportunities.
Route
The M14 road embarks from the northern sector of Lilongwe, branching off from the M1, and initially charts a northeastern course before veering eastward, traversing the highlands. As it winds its way through the scenic landscape, the road descends from an elevation of approximately 1,100 meters to around 700 meters, passing through expansive open savannas. The paved thoroughfare connects the capital to the picturesque Lake Malawi, with the notable town of Salima, where it intersects with the M5, serving as a key stopover along the route. However, the exact designation of the road segment between Salima and Senga, a lakeside resort town, remains uncertain, leaving some ambiguity in the M14's overall trajectory.
History
The M14 has a good history, having been one of the select few roads in Malawi to have been upgraded to a paved surface during the British colonial era. Although initially constructed as a narrow thoroughfare, the road underwent significant modernization efforts in the 1980s, transforming it into a more robust and efficient transportation artery, better equipped to meet the needs of the region.
| 2.25
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77418113
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fellhanera%20antennophora
|
Fellhanera antennophora
|
Fellhanera antennophora is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Pilocarpaceae. It occurs in Brazil.
Taxonomy
Fellhanera antennophora was described as a new species by the Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot in 2002. It was identified from Brazil, in the Minas Gerais region. The species is noted for its distinct (helmet-shaped conidioma), which are the longest reported in the genus Fellhanera.
Description
Fellhanera antennophora has a crustose (crust-like), finely thallus that can reach up to in diameter. The colour ranges from sandy brown to pale hues. The thallus is surrounded by an inconspicuous brown with occasional visible granules. It hosts green algae, mostly ellipsoid, measuring about 3–7 μm in diameter.
The granules of the thallus are more or less spherical (), measuring 20–50 μm in diameter. Apothecia (fruiting bodies) are flat to slightly convex, 0.5–1.0 mm in diameter, and 0.2–0.4 mm high. They are chocolate brown, often with nearly black spots, and have a greyish-white margin that fades with maturity. The is , with dark brown cells inside and hyaline (translucent), KOH-soluble crystals outside.
are to long-ellipsoid, hyaline, and 3-septate, measuring 19–22 by 3–5 μm. Pycnidia are stalked with simple or rarely branched, dark brown to black conical that are often bent and mostly covered by a thallus-coloured .
Chemical analysis of Fellhanera antennophora has shown no detectable substances, with reactions to chemical spot tests (K and C tests) being negative.
Habitat and distribution
This species was discovered on an upright liana in one of the richest forest remnants near the Banho do Belchior area in Serra do Caraça, Brazil. It is typically found in association with lichen species from the genera Bulbothrix and Coenogonium.
| 1.976563
| 0
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77418511
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brock%20Batty
|
Brock Batty
|
Brock Batty (born 4 January 2007) is an Australian trampoline gymnast. He represented Australia at the 2024 Summer Olympics and is the youngest athlete to ever compete in men's trampoline at the Olympics.
Early and personal life
Batty was born on 4 January 2007 in Frankston, Victoria. As a child, he enjoyed going to trampoline parks and jumping, so his mother eventually enrolled him in trampoline classes at Cheltenham Youth Club. He also played Australian rules football and basketball but chose to focus on trampolining. Because of the ceiling height at his home club, he travels to Melbourne's State Gymnastics Centre for some training sessions. As of 2024, he is a student at Frankston High School. He enjoys fishing in his free time.
Career
Within two years of starting trampoline, Batty won two Australian national titles and was selected to make his international debut at the 2018 World Age Group Competitions in Saint Petersburg, Russia. While there, he finished 13th in the individual trampoline qualification round and 10th in the double mini qualification round. Then at the 2019 World Age Group Competitions, he won a bronze medal in double mini trampoline. He then won a silver medal in double mini trampoline at the 2022 World Age Group Competitions.
At the 2023 World Age Group Competitions in Birmingham, Batty won gold medals in both individual and synchronized trampoline in the 15–16 age group. Then at the 2023 Junior World Championships, he won another medal with his synchro partner Nicolas Diaz Ballas, this time a silver.
| 2.234375
| 0
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77418555
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasadi%20%28elephant%29
|
Prasadi (elephant)
|
Prasadi, also known as Prasadi Hathi, was an elephant that belonged to Guru Gobind Singh which was celebrated in the Sikh court. The elephant possessed notable white-streaks on certain areas of its body and could perform many tricks.
History
Sikh sources claim that a man named Ram Rai had served Guru Tegh Bahadur whilst he was travelling in Assam in the mid-1660's. Ram Rai, whom was childless, would eventually be blessed by the Sikh guru. After the blessing of Guru Tegh Bahadur, Ram Rai had a son named Ratan Rai (also known as Rattan Chand), who would become a zamindar of Assam. When Ratan Rai became an adult, he learnt that Guru Tegh Bahadur had been succeeded by his son, Guru Gobind Singh. Wishing to see the guru, Ratan Rai travelled to Anandpur to pay tribute to the Sikh guru. Ratan Rai came bearing gifts to bestow to the Sikh guru, these gifts included a young and trained elephant, five horses whom belonged to a rare breed, and a five-in-one weapon (a contraption that contained a pistol, sword, lance, dagger, and a club). Other gifts included a special throne, a drinking cup, and jewels. Thus, the young elephant was gifted to Guru Gobind Singh by the Assamese chief. Sikh accounts claim the Assamese chief requested that Guru Gobind Singh never let go of possessing the elephant.
Kavi Santokh Singh's Suraj Prakash narrates that Guru Gobind Singh named the young elephant Prasadi. Prasadi had distinguishing characteristics, its head bore a round, white mark (like a tilak) and there were white-streaks running along its trunk and back. Prasadi also knew tricks, such as saluting the guru, washing the guru's feet, applying a saffron mark on the guru's forehead, waving a fly-whisk or fan (chaur sahib) over the guru, escort the guru at night whilst holding a torch in its trunk, and it also could retrieve arrows that had been fired by the guru.
| 2.5
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77418607
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20of%20St.%20Michael%20the%20Archangel%2C%20Nos%C3%B3w
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Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Nosów
|
In 1915, the clergy of the Nosów church and 50% of the parishioners were evacuated to Moscow and Kyiv. In 1919, the Polish Ministry of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment did not include the Nosów church on the list of proposed legal Orthodox pastoral sites in the Lublin Voivodeship. Nevertheless, by 1921, the church was the seat of a statutory parish, one of four in the Biała Deanery of the . The parson in Nosów also served as the dean of Biała. The Nosów church was the only Orthodox church in the Konstantynów County operating in the interwar period. Other churches that functioned before 1915 became Neouniate churches.
From 1924 to 1944, the church was served by Father as both the parson and dean. He later became the head of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada.
The church in Nosów was closed following the deportations of the Ukrainian population to the Soviet Union and Operation Vistula. It was reactivated after some believers returned to Nosów and the surrounding areas. According to Grzegorz Pelica, this occurred as early as 1948. Jacek Wysocki states that the Nosów Orthodox parish never ceased its activity (at least nominally) and in 1947, directly after Operation Vistula, it continued to exist as one of four parishes in the Biała Deanery and ten in the entire Lublin Voivodeship. In 1953, the Nosów church was one of two (alongside the ) Orthodox churches in the Lublin Land where religious education for children was conducted. In 1969, about 100 parishioners attended the church. The following year, the parson sought assistance from the Church Fund to repair the church but was denied. Renovation of the church began only after the establishment of the in 1989. The building was thoroughly renovated in 1991.
| 2.171875
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77418607
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20of%20St.%20Michael%20the%20Archangel%2C%20Nos%C3%B3w
|
Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Nosów
|
The church also contains a Holy Sepulcher with an Epitaphios from the late 19th century and a Golgotha from around 1870. There are also two 19th-century paintings featuring the Virgin Mary with Child and Archangel Michael and Saint Pantaleon, as well as processional banners depicting the Resurrected Christ and St. Nicholas (two identical banners), the Ascension and Job of Pochayev, the Acheiropoieta and the Nativity, Saint Pantaleon, and the Holy Family. The church's liturgical utensils include a 19th-century ciborium and a vessel from the same period for blessing bread, oil, and wine, as well as five candlesticks from the same century.
Bell tower
The bell tower of the church in Nosów is a free-standing structure located in the southwestern corner of the church cemetery. It is a two-story building made of brick, plastered, and square in plan. Tuscan columns are visible at the building's corners. The upper story is octagonal in plan with four semicircular open arcades.
In 1997, a cross was erected near the church to commemorate Operation Vistula.
The church, bell tower, and the surrounding fence were registered as heritage monuments on 31 December 1983 under number A-144.
| 2.078125
| 0
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77418687
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%203430
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NGC 3430
|
NGC 3430 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Leo Minor. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1,869 ± 20km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of . In addition, 22 non-redshift measurements give a distance of . It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 7 December 1785.
NGC 3430 is classified as a well-known example of an SAc spiral galaxy with no central bar structure but has spiral arms found open and clear-defined. Moreover, it is also a Wolf-Rayet galaxy, with star-forming regions and forms a pair with NGC 3424, a nearby starburst galaxy. According to a 1997 study presented by researchers, these galaxies are clearly showing signs of tidal interaction.
NGC 3396 Group
NGC 3430 is a member of the NGC 3396 group (also known as LGG 218). This group that includes at least 11 galaxies: NGC 3381, NGC 3395, NGC 3396, NGC 3424, NGC 3430, NGC 3442, IC 2604, UGC 5898, PGC 32631, UGC 5934, and UGC 5990.
Supernovae
Two supernovae have been observed in NGC3936:
SN2004ez (typeII, mag.17.3) was discovered by Kōichi Itagaki on 15 October 2004.
PSNJ10520833+3256394 (typeIIb, mag.17.8) was discovered by Kōichi Itagaki on 27 August 2015.
| 2.390625
| 0
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77418701
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greno%20Woods
|
Greno Woods
|
Greno Woods is a area of ancient woodland and nature reserve located north of Grenoside village, a suburb of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. Previously used as a quarry, hunting ground, and for commercial forestry; it is now used for recreational walking, jogging and mountain biking.
Ecology
The woodland existed as early as 1600, some its oldest trees include oak, beech and sweet chestnut.
Scots pine and larch were planted when the woods were used for commercial forestry in the 19th century. Non-native conifers were planted in the 1950s but Sheffield Wildlife Trust now have a program of felling the conifer plantations and encouraging more of the native broad-leaf trees. 24 disease-resistant English elms were planted in 2018, as part of an initiative to combat dutch elm disease.
A spring 2015 survey by RSPB observed a variety of birds in Greno Woods including wrens, robins, chaffinches, blue tits, great spotted woodpeckers, great tits and spotted flycatchers. The woods are also a habitat for badgers, roe deer, brown hares and common lizards. Wildflowers including bluebell, ramsons and greater stitchwort are also found there.
Uses
Greno Woods was used for the quarrying of Grenoside Sandstone, as a hunting ground for deer, and for commercial forestry in the 19th century.
Modern-day uses are mostly recreational: Greno Woods is a popular spot for walking and jogging. It is located on the Trans Pennine Trail and features many footpaths and bridleways. In 2018 an 'Enchanted Forest Trail' was constructed, with the intention of encouraging toddlers and young children to explore nature.
Greno Woods also hosts a popular mountain biking event, 'Peaty's Steel City Downhill', founded by professional biker Steve Peat.
| 2.515625
| 0
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77418707
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valicha
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Valicha
|
"Valicha" is a song with a huayno rhythm written in 1945 by Miguel Ángel Hurtado Delgado.
The melody first emerged in 1942 in the composition Tusuy (in Quechua: 'Dance'), which included the melody of what would later become Valicha and some verses in Spanish. Subsequently, his brother Evencio Hurtado adapted the lyrics to Quechua, which is how it became known, especially following the 1945 Regional Folklore Contest, where Evencio participated and won first place.
Inspiration
The inspiration for the composition Tusuy came from Miguel Ángel Hurtado's romantic experience with Valeriana Huillca Condori (whose nickname was Valicha). They met in the town of Acopia (Acomayo Province, Cusco Department), where Hurtado's parents resided. Miguel Ángel would come from Lima during school holidays and had a secret relationship with Valeriana, a Quechua-speaking peasant. The relationship ended shortly before Valicha was sent to Cusco by her parents' orders.
On Sunday, 18 May 2014, it was reported that Huillca Condori had died in the city of Acopía, in the Acomayo Province of Cusco. "Valicha" passed away at the age of 101.
Changes in the lyrics
On 3 July 2014, the news portal RPP reported a story about how there are at least two versions of the lyrics created by the original author. The first praises Valeriana Huillca, but the second, due to a chauvinistic condemnation of some of Valeriana's actions, criticizes her and can even be considered offensive. Both versions are registered. The first was registered in the National Library of Peru in Record No. 558 in 1947 and “Valicha” in Record No. 239 – 1958.
| 2.234375
| 0
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77418757
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ida%20von%20Plomgren
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Ida von Plomgren
|
Ida Amalia von Plomgren (9 September 1870 – 26 March 1960) was a Swedish feminist, writer and administrator, and one of the first Swedish women's foil fencing champions. She was best known to friends by her nickname "Plom".
Early life
Ida Amalia von Plomgren was born on 9 September 1870 in the Måstena manor house in Södermanland County, Sweden, owned by her paternal von Plomgren family since 1755. She was the youngest daughter of Baroness Lotten von Plomgren (née Liljencrantz) and Colonel Erland von Plomgren. Her maternal aunt was Jaquette Liljencrantz, a Swedish born Danish writer, journalist, women's rights activist and socialist.
Career
Ida von Plomgren was employed at the Fredrika Bremer Association's office in 1900. Often abbreviated to the FBF, it is the oldest women's rights organisation in Sweden, founded in 1884. Plomgren worked there throughout her career, including as secretary from 1916 to 1937. She later became head of the FBF's vocational counselling office. She was a member of the board from 1917 to 1942 and chairman of the Stockholm branch from 1931 to 1938. In 1934, Plomgren fronted a publicity film about the FBF, scripted by Margareta von Konow. Plomgren narrated how far the fight for women's rights had come and sharing some of the organisation's areas of activity. This included a visit to the FBF office at Klarabergsgatan 48, where Plomgren joked that her door sign should read ‘Ask me about everything - because that's what the Swedish people do’.
Plomgren was elected to the Nya Idun Society in 1907. She was the society's secretary from 1918 to 1921 and then its president from 1921 to 1935.
| 2.046875
| 0
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77418792
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91imurje%20under%20Hungarian%20rule
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Međimurje under Hungarian rule
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Resistance of Medjimurians to aggressive Hungarianization
The introduction of the Hungarian language as an official language resulted in the rapid immigration of Hungarians to Međimurje. Many of them opened law offices, employing educated people from Međimurje as scribes. Along with the local people, there were mostly Croat priests, who managed to resist the Hungarian pressure. Most of them were humble and disinclined to open conflict and resistance to Hungarianization, but there were also those who persistently resisted it. Among them were Stjepan Šadl in Macinec, Ivan Ivko in Štrigova, Mihael Gašparlin in Gornji Mihaljevec and Zvonimir Jurak in Sveti Juraj na Bregu. Such people were persecuted by the Hungarian authorities, so some ended up in prison.
Resistance was offered by others, among them prominent intellectuals of the time, such as the distinguished lawyer Ivan Nepomuk Novak PhD (*1884–†1934), a writer, publisher and folk revivalist born in Macinec. Apart from him, the lawyer and mayor of Varaždin, Pero Magdić PhD, who started the newspaper "Naše pravice" (*Our rights) in Varaždin in 1904, followed by the Croatian academician, ethnomusicologist and composer Vinko Žganec PhD, chaplain Stjepan Vidušić PhD, Prof. Pavao Lisjak, director of a gymnasium in Zagreb and Teachers' School in Čakovec, and many others.
| 2.203125
| 0
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77418879
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebel%20Aruda
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Jebel Aruda
|
In 1909 Gertrude Bell observed the tell on a journey down the East bank of the Euphrates river. The site was examined in 1963 by Abdul Kader Rihaoui and in 1964 by Maurits. N. van Loon. Tell Sheikh Hassan was excavated between 1972 and 1994 as part of the Tabqa Dam rescue archaeology project. A French team led by A. Bounni (1972 to 1974), J. Cauvin (1976), and D. Stordeur (1993) focused on the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (9th and 10th millennium BC) areas. A German team in 1981 led by W. Orthmann and from 1984 to 1990 and from 1992 to 1994 led by J. Boesse of the University of Saarbruecken focused on the Late-Terminal Ubaid period, Uruk period (4th millennium BC) and Iron Age (1st millennium BC) areas. Smelting crucibles were found among the 17 Middle Uruk levels. Beveled rim bowls were also found. Bullae and tokens, and cylinder seals were in use as was bitumen. This is one of the earliest known uses of cylinder seals. Also in the Uruk period levels a left bent axis single shrine temple was found. In the Iron age levels a Bit-hilani palace was uncovered. Five ostracon, inscribed in Aramaic and dated to the 5th century BC, were found in the rubble of an Iron Age building.
| 2.609375
| 0
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77418879
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebel%20Aruda
|
Jebel Aruda
|
Tell Qraya
The small but notable Tell Qraya site lies about 50 miles south of the modern city of Deir ez-Zor in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria. It sits on the west bank of the Euphrates river about 9 miles south of the confluence with the Habur River and about 6 kilometers north of ancient Terqa on that bank. It was part of the 4th millennium BC Uruk Expansion (of the type generally called outposts) with Tell Ramadi, 60 miles away and near ancient Mari, being the nearest Uruk period site. Occupation was radiocarbon dated to the Late Chalcolithic 3 period with a calibrated dates of c. 3900-3370 BC, c. 3940-3380 BC, and c. 3950-3380 BC. Tell Qraya covers an area of about 4 hectares being 150 meters in diameter. Modern homes cover around 3/4 of the site. After being identified in a regional survey, from 1977-1979 the site was worked by a team under the direction of Giorgio Buccellati and Marilyn Kelly-Buccellati, finding 15 occupational levels corresponding to three architectural phases beginning in the Ubaid period. The site was abandoned at the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC after the Late Uruk period and then reoccupied at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC in the Old Babylonian period. The site was in danger from local inhabitants with 4 meters in height, and most of the 2nd millennium BC occupation, already lost to building activity. Excavation occurred in 1981, led by Daniel Shimabuku, and 1984, led by Steven Reimer. Over a thousand Beveled rim bowls, diagnostic of the Uruk Culture were found with about 160 being intact. They were found associated with ovens. About two dozen clay sealings (made with cylinder seals and stamp seals) were found, on door seals, jar stoppers, and clay bullae. It has been suggested that the beveled rim bowls were used in the production of salt and an experiment was conducted at the site to test this proposal.
| 2.625
| 0
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77419460
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minolta%20UW%20Rokkor%2018mm%20f/9.5
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Minolta UW Rokkor 18mm f/9.5
|
The UW Rokkor 18mm f/9.5 is a prime fisheye lens produced by Minolta for Minolta SR-mount single lens reflex cameras, introduced in 1966 as the system's first fisheye lens. It is a full-frame fisheye lens with a 180° viewing angle across the diagonal, and was replaced when the Minolta Fish-Eye Rokkor 16mm f/2.8 lens was released in 1969.
Design and history
Unlike most contemporary fisheye lenses from other camera manufacturers, the UW Rokkor-PG did not require the reflex mirror to be locked up, so the SLR viewfinder could be used. It is a fixed-focus, manual diaphragm lens; the only control on the lens is the aperture, which may be set between and 22. The flower hood is mounted via the same internal quarter-turn bayonet used to secure the front lens cap.
In 1968, the suggested retail price was , including case.
Due to the extreme angle of view, the front of the lens does not have a mount for filters; threaded filters attach to the rear of the lens. The lens was provided with UV and yellow (Y48) filters. Later, a red filter was available separately. Although corporate literature describes it as a 6-element, 4-group lens, the suffix (-PG) indicates it is a 7-element, 5-group lens, meaning the filter is considered part of the optical design.
| 2.125
| 0
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77419736
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus%20Vipstanus%20Gallus
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Marcus Vipstanus Gallus
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Marcus Vipstanus Gallus (born around 28 BC, died after AD 18) was a Roman senator at the beginning of the first century AD. He served as suffect consul in 18 with Gaius Rubellius Blandus as his colleague.
He likely came from the area of Cliternia, among the Sabines and Aequi. He was a homo novus, the first of his family to attain the consulship. His relative (perhaps brother) Lucius Vipstanus Gallus served as praetor and died in 17. An inscription from the Athenian Acropolis honors both brothers.
Marcus’s suffect consulship in 18 may have begun in August or October, possibly replacing Gaius Annius Pollio who abdicated before the year’s end. He may have married Valeria, likely the daughter of the consul of 3 BC, Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus, whose friendship with Tiberius may have helped secure Marcus’s promotion.
His son, Lucius Vipstanus Publicola, became an ordinary consul in 48, and another son, Messalla Vipstanus Gallus, served as suffect consul in the same year. Some genealogies also link him with Gaius Vipstanus Apronianus, consul in 59, suggesting a possible connection to the gens Apronia.
| 2.203125
| 0
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77419995
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81hui%20St%20David%27s
|
Kāhui St David's
|
More plaques and tablets were added after World War II. Names of those who had died in World War II were added to the existing memorial tablet. Two more tablets were unveiled: one in memory of those who died in World War I who belonged to the No. 3 Field Company of Engineers and another for those in the 1st Field Company New Zealand Engineers who died in World War II. Three plaques commemorate World War II in the Pacific and a stained glass window remembers both world wars. A Sappers Memorial Chapel opened in 2006.
Two notable soldiers had links to St David's: Cyril Bassett who was married in the church in 1926 and Samuel Forsyth.
Closure and preservation
In 2014 it was found that the church did not meet earthquake codes and there was a possibility of it being demolished. In response Paul Baragwanath, who was a descendent of church ministers, set up the Friends of St David's Trust and developed a plan to save the church. Property developer and philanthropist Ted Manson was the Trust's founding patron.
The church, but not the adjacent hall, was given an Auckland City Council Category A heritage status in 2019 following a recommendation made in a heritage report in 2017. The church is included in Heritage New Zealand's Upper Symonds Street Historic Area.
The final service in the church was held in 2020. In 2021 the Presbyterian church planned to sell the church, adjacent hall and car park but the Friends of St David's wanted a covenant placed on the church to preserve it. The three properties were bought by Ted Manson in 2021.
Fundraising
| 2.09375
| 0
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77420031
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topa%C4%9Fa%C3%A7%2C%20Marmara
|
Topağaç, Marmara
|
Topağaç is a neighborhood in the Marmara District of Balıkesir Province.
Topağaç is a neighborhood located on the southern coast of the island, known for its expansive agricultural lands and often referred to as "the island's fruit and vegetable warehouse." The local population earns their livelihood through agriculture, fishing, and marble mining, and it is also one of the neighborhoods on the island with the highest number of summer residents. Additionally, due to having one of the longest and cleanest beaches in Marmara Sea, it is a popular destination for local tourists during the summer months.
The swamp that once covered a large part of the town and the mouth of the plain was largely filled with rocks and gravel in order to combat malaria and create a more suitable foundation for settlement. As a result of this filling process, the productivity of agricultural lands and wetlands was increased.
Geography
Topağaç is 12 km from the district center and 141 km from the provincial center. Located 230 meters south of the Topağaç harbor is the Laz Kayası coral reef area.
The northern part of the village is a region encircled by the Ilyas Mountains and the Tahtırevan area. This region is rich in natural wildlife, where various wild farm animals and feral horses can be easily seen. Tahtırevan can be accessed from Topağaç’s Paşabayırı locality via paths and unpaved roads. This natural beauty-filled area provides a perfect route for nature hikers.
History
The neighborhood's name is recorded as Klazáki or Lazaki in the 1795 records, and as Kılazak in the 1911 records. Previously a neighborhood of Asmalı Village, it gained the status of a village on December 22, 1952. After the legislative change in 2012, it was restored to the status of a neighborhood.
| 2.046875
| 0
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77420290
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Adam%20Woldemar%20Pruss
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Johann Adam Woldemar Pruss
|
In 1920, he moved to Tallinn, Estonia, where he worked as a civil paramedic and became friends with the Soviet ambassador Leonid Stark. A letter by Stark confirming Pruss's "ideologically correct" views and loyalty, which has been preserved by a Saint Petersburg archive, likely helped him avoid persecution after his return to the USSR in 1923.
He settled in Saint Petersburg, later renamed Leningrad, and taught military medicine. Later, he also worked at the rationalization and optimization departments of a food processing plant and an optical glass factory. He died in 1935 and was buried at the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery next to the grave of his father-in-law Jacob Morr.
Family
Woldemar Pruss and Charlotte von Morr had three children. Their oldest son Vladimir Pruss became a historian and founded the history department at Atyrau University in Kazakhstan. Their second son Nikolai Pruss, a teacher, was arrested by the NKVD as an alleged "anarchist counter-revolutionary" in 1935 and executed in a Gulag camp in Vorkuta during Stalin's Great Purge in 1938. Their youngest daughter Elena died in Saint Petersburg in 1993.
Pruss's brother Teodors was executed the same year as his son Nikolai for allegedly "organizing a group of Latvian nationalist spies" at a sports equipment factory in Moscow.
| 2.140625
| 0
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77420644
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrenula%20abditicarpa
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Pyrenula abditicarpa
|
Pyrenula abditicarpa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae. Found in Brazil, it is characterised by ascomata that are deeply immersed in the bark beneath the thallus, with distoseptate ascospores measuring 50–55 μm by 23–25 μm. The species was first identified from a specimen collected in the Serra de Itabaiana National Park, Sergipe, Brazil, at an elevation of approximately .
The thallus of Pyrenula abditicarpa is thin, , olive brown, and smooth, closely adhering to the rough bark of trees. It lacks pseudocyphellae and a prothallus. The ascomata are , measuring 0.6–0.8 mm in diameter and 1–2 mm deep, with a wall and a pale brown, depressed ostiole. The is not with oil droplets. The are irregularly , brown, and both and , with rounded . No pycnidia have been observed. Chemically, the thallus does not react to ultraviolet light, and no lichen products were detected using thin-layer chromatography.
Pyrenula abditicarpa is found on smooth bark in undisturbed Atlantic rainforests and is only known from Brazil. This species is notable for its deeply immersed ascomata and mid-sized muriform ascospores, which distinguish it from others within the genus Pyrenula.
| 2.046875
| 0
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77420651
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrenula%20celaticarpa
|
Pyrenula celaticarpa
|
Pyrenula celaticarpa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae. Found in Brazil, this species is notable for its deeply immersed ascomata (fruiting bodies) with distinctive red ostioles (openings). The (spores produced in the asci) are 3-septate, meaning they are divided into four sections, and measure 21–24 μm by 10–11 μm.
The type specimen of Pyrenula celaticarpa was collected from Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana in Areia Branca, Sergipe, Brazil, at an elevation of about . The thallus (main body of the lichen) is rather thick, measuring 0.1–0.2 mm, olive green, and minutely cracked throughout. It lacks pseudocyphellae, which are tiny pores, and does not have a prothallus, a thin border around the thallus. The ascomata are (pear-shaped), 0.6–0.9 mm in diameter, and deeply immersed in the bark beneath the thallus, with a (blackened) wall. The ostioles are usually red-brown to red, occasionally pale brown or almost black, and can be flush or distinctly convex. The , the tissue between the asci, contains hyaline (translucent) oil droplets. The are dark brown, irregularly arranged in the asci, and have diamond-shaped internal cavities separated from the wall by a thick layer.
Pyrenula celaticarpa does not have pycnidia (small asexual fruiting bodies). Chemically, the ostiole reacts with potassium hydroxide (K+) to produce a crimson colour due to an unidentified anthraquinone compound. The thallus reacts with K+ to produce an orange-brown colour and does not fluoresce under ultraviolet light.
| 2.296875
| 0
|
77420659
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelenella%20lateralis
|
Thelenella lateralis
|
Thelenella lateralis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Thelenellaceae. This species is notable for its eccentric ostiole (off-centre opening) and irregularly ascospores (spores with multiple chambers), which are 7–9 by 0–2-septate and measure 27–32 μm by 9–10.5 μm.
The type specimen of Thelenella lateralis was collected from Parque da Cidade Governador José Rollemberg Leite in Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, at an elevation of about 75 m. The thallus is thin, metallic grey, and lacks pseudocyphellae (tiny pores on the surface) and a (a border around the thallus). The ascomata (fruiting bodies) are immersed in the bark and (pear-shaped), measuring 0.4–0.55 mm in diameter. The walls of the ascomata are only (blackened) above. The ostioles are eccentric and dark grey. The , the tissue between the asci (spore-producing structures), does not contain oil droplets, and its filaments interconnect. The asci have an ocular chamber, and the ascospores are long, ellipsoid to (spindle-shaped), hyaline (translucent), and irregularly arranged in two rows. The ascospores have rounded or pointed ends. Thelenella lateralis does not make pycnidia (small asexual fruiting bodies). Chemically, no substances were detected.
Thelenella lateralis grows on smooth bark in remnants of Atlantic rainforest and is currently only known from Brazil. This is the first species in the genus Thelenella described with eccentric ostioles. It is closely related to Thelenella paraguayensis, which has larger ascospores measuring 42–60 μm by 13–19 μm.
| 2.46875
| 0
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77421005
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20barefooters
|
List of barefooters
|
Isadora Duncan (1878–1927) — American-born dancer and choreographer, who was a pioneer of modern contemporary dance and, in particular, revolutionized dance by performing barefoot. She divorced the bare foot from perceptions of obscenity and made a conscious effort to link barefoot dancing to ideals such as "nudity, childhood, the idyllic past, flowing lines, health, nobility, ease, freedom, simplicity, order, and harmony".
Carmen Tórtola Valencia (1882–1955) — Spanish early modern dancer, choreographer, costume designer and painter, who generally performed barefoot. Tórtola Valencia is said to have been the inspiration for Rubén Darío's poem, La bailarina de los pies desnudos ("The Barefoot Dancer").
Thamara de Swirsky (1888–1961) — Russian-born dancer who "created a sensation" in the United States with her barefoot dancing.
Voldemārs Irbe (1893–1944) — Latvian pastel painter renowned for his eccentricity, disheveled appearance, and going barefoot all year round. This penchant earned him the nickname "Barefoot Irbite"; a monument in Riga dedicated to Irbe also depicts him barefooted.
Ava Gardner (1922–1990) — American actress who was a part of the Golden Age of Hollywood. Her lifelong habit of going barefoot became a part of her public image after the release of her movie The Barefoot Contessa (1954); her decision to accept the role was also influenced by this habit.
Cesária Évora (1941–2011) — Cape Verdean morna singer who became known as the Barefoot Diva because she often performed without shoes, which was sometimes described as a way for Évora to honor the poor.
Sharon Tate (1943–1969) — American actress and model known for frequently appearing barefoot in public. When she went to restaurants with a "No Shoes, No Service" rule, she would frequently put rubber bands around her ankles to pretend that she was wearing sandals. This trait of hers was depicted in the 2019 movie Once Upon a Time in Hollywood.
| 2.640625
| 0
|
77421081
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%205394
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NGC 5394
|
NGC 5394 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Canes Venatici. Its speed relative to the cosmic microwave background is 3,639 ± 14 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 53.7 ± 3.8 Mpc (∼175 million ly). NGC 5394 was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel in 1787.
The luminosity class of NGC 5394 is II and it has a broad HI line. It also contains regions of ionized hydrogen. It is also a Luminous Infrared Galaxy (LIRG).
To date, one non-redshift-based measurement gives a distance of approximately 32,900 Mpc (∼107 million ly). This value is far outside the Hubble distance values. Note that it is with the average value of independent measurements, when they exist, that the NASA/IPAC database calculates the diameter of a galaxy.
One supernova has been observed in NGC 5394: SN 2020aaxs (type Ib, mag. 17).
Arp 84
NGC 5394 and NGC 5395 are a pair of gravitationally interacting galaxies that appear in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies under the designation Arp 84. Arp noted that NGC 5495 is a spiral with a high surface luminosity companion at the end of one of its arms.
NGC 5395 group
According to A.M. Garcia, NGC 5394 is part of a group of galaxies that has at least five members, the NGC 5395 group. The other galaxies are NGC 5341, NGC 5351, NGC 5395 and UGC 8806.
| 2.640625
| 0
|
77421638
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakadomari%20%28archaeological%20site%29
|
Nakadomari (archaeological site)
|
The rock shelter of Shell Midden #4 was also partly paved with stones, it yielded the first examples of Nakadomari Pottery sherds, the style of which is said to have been influenced by Amami pottery. As Cave #1, it presented a complex stratigraphy with several layers of earth including charcoal, with occupations spreading from the Early Kaizuka Phase IV to the Late Kaizuka Period.
The dwelling site in Shell Midden #3, dated of the Early Kaizuka Period Phase V, makes use of a rock shelter 8 m wide and 4 m deep, that opens 2 m above ground surface in a limestone cliff. It does not show any stone pavement, but the ground had been artificially flattened, and postholes are aligned at the entrance of the rock shelter. It included a hearth circled with stones. The prehistoric occupations are dated of the Early Kaizuka Period Phases IV and V, with layers of the Late Kaizuka Period only confirmed in front of the rock shelter. It yielded pottery and a shell bracelet, as well as stone tools. A part of the site was destroyed during the Early Modern Period when the Hiyagonbira road was paved. It was also used as an exposition burial grave and a stone wall enclosed a 4 x 2 wide area. It yielded human remains, as well as stone and ceramic zushi bone containers.
Shell Midden #2 is located at the foot of the limestone hill. It is the location that yielded the obsidian from the Japanese island of Kyūshū, with other stone implements and shell beads. Its occupation is dated of the Early Kaizuka Period Phases IV to V.
Shell Midden #1 yielded one of the largest stone axes of Okinawa Prefecture (30.2 cm long for 2830 g), as well as shell tools.
| 2.4375
| 0
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77422403
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohakune%20volcanic%20complex
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Ohakune volcanic complex
|
The Ohakune volcanic complex (Ohakune craters, Rochfort Crater) is a small extinct monogenetic volcano south-west of Mount Ruapehu and just north of the town of Ohakune in Manawatū-Whanganui, New Zealand. It is in the area of the southernmost volcanic activity in the Taupō Rift and located adjacent to the potentially active Ohakune Fault.
Geography
The complex is located at the north-western corner of the town of Ohakune at the Tongariro National Park boundary and bisected by the main trunk railway line as it leaves the town to the north-west. Although the Ohakune volcanic complex is also known as the Rochfort Crater, this is the geographical name for the largest of several craters associated with the complex.
South of the main trunk railway line is the main scoria cone that reaches a height of and has been quarried on its south-eastern flank. There are a couple of depressions south of the railway line adjacent to the town. North of the line the volcano is mainly forested and there are three cone and crater structures called the central scoria cone, south scoria cone, and north scoria cone. The geographical Rochfort Crater is the crater of the central scoria cone, which is also associated with west and east ejecta rings.
To the east of the complex is the Mangawhero River and to its north forested land rises rapidly to the plateau like peak of Raetihi on the slopes of Mount Ruapehu whose central edifice is about away.
| 2.515625
| 0
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77422446
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tellier%20T.6
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Tellier T.6
|
The 47-mm cannon, its gunner, plus twenty or thirty rounds of ammunition added around to the bow, which substantially altered the aircraft's centre of gravity. Tellier compensated for this by adding a stretch to the rear fuselage. The fuselage interior was also reinforced to better withstand the cannon recoil. Even so, the T.6 inherited a weak structure from the T.3, and required further strengthening when the type entered service.
The prototype T.6 was tested at Saint-Raphaël for its air- and seaworthiness and for its ability to fire its cannon in flight. The type was accepted for military service, and the Navy placed an order for 85 T.6s in July 1917, together with an extra 20 T.3s. Total orders eventually reached 110 aircraft, but only 55 were delivered by the armistice.
Operational history
T.6s served alongside T.3s and other flying boats at Saint-Raphaël, Bayonne, Brest-Camaret, Cherbourg, Lorient, and throughout the Mediterranean, including Africa, Corsica, Italy and Greece. Squadron records of the time generally refer to aircraft by their identification number within the squadron, but since these squadrons operated a mixture of types, it is difficult now to be certain which types of flying boats participated in which actions.
In operational use, the T.6 proved less effective than hoped. The cannon proved difficult to aim, its sights were inadequate, and gunners were not well-enough trained to use the weapon. In February 1918, the Centre d'aviation maritime de Cherbourg recommended that a "bomb-launcher" for bombs be fitted to the T.6s, and that the aircraft take off with only 60% of their normal fuel loads to offset the weight penalty. Such launchers were fitted to newly-built T.6s from August 1918 onwards, but the armament problem had not been resolved by the armistice..
After the war, the cannons were removed from surviving T.6s, and some were used for training until 1922.
Specifications
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77422683
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Legion%20Hut%20%28Livingston%2C%20Tennessee%29
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American Legion Hut (Livingston, Tennessee)
|
Architecture
Prefabricated Quonset huts consist of a skeleton of semi-circular steel ribs with corrugated sheet metal siding. During War II, the United States mass-produced them because they could be shipped in crates and assembled in a day by a 10-person team using only hand tools. While the standard Quonset hut measured 20 feet by 48 feet, this building measures 40 feet by 100 feet because it was a utility building, which the soldiers nicknamed an "elephant hut". Of the 150,000 and 170,000 huts that the U.S. produced, only about 11,800 were this larger size.
The exterior of the building reflects mid-20th century vernacular architecture because a brick false front was added. That consists of three bays with a recessed entry and glass block windows on either side. A belt course runs above the bays, and the brickwork changes from running bond to American bond within the cornice. The rounded one-story building sits on a concrete foundation with no windows on the sides and was originally painted green. The roof includes a metal air vent and brick chimney while the rear has the original metal double doors.
The structure creates a cylinder-like interior space despite the addition of drop ceilings. The central meeting hall takes up most of the space and includes original speakers and fans hanging from the ceiling and a small stage. There are two rooms on either side of the front entrance, an office to the right and the former library to the left. At the rear of the building are a kitchen, bathrooms, and a storage room that opens to the attic.
| 2.40625
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77422912
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anzelmas%20Matutis
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Anzelmas Matutis
|
Anzelmas Matulevičius (7 January 1923 – 21 September 1985), better known by his pen name Anzelmas Matutis, was a Lithuanian teacher and children's poet.
Biography
Anzelmas Matulevičius was born on 7 January 1923 in the village of to Vladas Matulevičius and Julija Šelmytė. Matulevičius had two brothers (Julius and Rolandas) and two sisters (Kazimiera and Gražina). Matulevičius already began writing poems for children in 1937, and in 1938 he began co-editing the children's newspaper Žvaigždutė. In 1939, at the age of sixteen, Matulevičius won two literary competition awards of the Žiburėlis magazine. He graduated from a teachers' seminary in Marijampolė in 1942 at the age of nineteen. On 22 February 1946, Matulevičius married Marija Mažeikaitė, with whom he had three sons, including the future endocrinologist Valentinas Matulevičius. Matulevičius worked as a teacher in , Simnas, Seirijai, and Alytus from 1942 to 1972. As a teacher, Matulevičius organized after-class literary classes and stagings of fairy tales. Although Matulevičius was poor, the parents of the students respected him and brought food such as a bottle of milk or some butter. He built a home in Alytus in 1961, which is now a memorial museum. In 1971 he built a small summerhouse in , nicknamed Drevė; the house, now a museum, is notable for hosting "poetry spring" ever second spring, during which the most beautiful poem for children about nature, the Earth, and Lithuania is published. The winner is awarded the Matutis Prize (young poets are also awarded since 1995). The following year he retired from teaching and began writing as a full-time occupation. In 1976 Matulevičius, along with the poet Antanas Drilinga, set sail across the Baltic, North and Atlantic oceans, and visited ports in Africa and Spain.
Matulevičius died on 21 September 1985 in Alytus, and was buried there.
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77422922
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilyas%20ibn%20Mudar
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Ilyas ibn Mudar
|
Ilyas ibn Mudar () also spelled al-Yas was a pre-Islamic Arabian tribal chief and an ancestor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is the progenitor of the Khindifite tribes, such as the Quraysh. A pioneer of pre-Islamic monotheism, Ilyas ibn Mudar lead a period of religious reform during his rule over the Hijaz to eradicate the worship of idols.
Biographical information
Birth
His full birth name which shows his lineage is Ilyas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma'add ibn Adnan; which indicates he is a fifth-generation descendant of the Arabian patriarch Adnan through Mudar. The name of Ilyas has also been rendered as al-Yas. He was a descendant of biblical patriarch Abraham through Ishmael.
Family
Ilyas was born to Mudar ibn Nizar and had a brother named Qays Aylan, the progenitor of the Qays tribal confederation. His mother was an Arab woman named Rabab.
The wife of Ilyas was named Khindif. Ilyas' sons were Amir, 'Amir and Umayr, whose names were later changed to Mudrikah, Tabikha and Qam'ah respectively. Through Mudrikah, Ilyas is the ancestor of the Banu Hudhayl.
Life
Rule over the Hijaz
Ilyas ibn Mudar succeeded his father as the ruler of the Hijaz. During his rule, he maintained the Kaaba in Mecca and was the first to start the custom of slaughtering an animal on the premises of the Kaaba. Ilyas also rediscovered the Maqam Ibrahim, repaired it, and then placed it in a corner of the Kaaba. In his old age, Ilyas died of tuberculosis and was the first Arab recorded to have died from it.
| 2.578125
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77423056
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praqpa%20Kangri
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Praqpa Kangri
|
Praqpa Kangri (or Praqpa Ri) is a mountain in Pakistan's Karakoram range in the territory of Gilgit-Baltistan.
Praqpa Kangri has an altitude of (some sources put the summit at ). The main summit is located 2.33 km south of Skil Brum. The peak's prominence is 668 m. The Savoia glacier flows from the east flank of the mountain towards the Godwin-Austen-Glacier. The Biango Glacier lies to the west of the peak, as does eight-thousanders K2 and Broad Peak.
It is considered one of the world's highest unclimbed mountains, with no successful recorded summits on the main peak as of 2024.
In 2016, Canadian climber Nancy Hansen and German climber Ralf Dujmovits made the first recorded ascent attempt on Praqpa Ri. Hansen received the Hiding in Plain Sight: Unclimbed Summits in the Karakorum award from the Shipton-Tilman Grant program to support the climb. The pair spent two months attempting to climb the peak, ultimately reaching 6,300 meters before turning back due to poor snow conditions.
In 2021, Martin Sieberer and Simon Messner made a second attempt to climb Praqpa Ri. They were prevented from the summit after reaching 6,000 twice, as the higher sections were impassable due to snow conditions. After returning from the expedition, Messner recounted the steepness of the mountain's slopes are prone to avalanches, requiring good weather to climb safely. He suggested that the increasing risk of climate change meant the likelihood of a successful summit on Praqpa Ri is growing increasingly rare.
Subsidiary peaks
The mountain has three high points: the main summit, the north summit, and the south summit.
The north summit lies 790 m northwest of the main summit, rising in elevation. The prominence between the main peak and this subsidiary peak is 136 m.
| 2.28125
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77423152
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp%20Phoenix%20%28Maine%29
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Camp Phoenix (Maine)
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Charles Daisey bought McLain's building from him sometime between 1900 and 1904 and built eight cabins close to the lake shore using logs laid horizontally, probably between 1910 and 1920. During the 1920s, he worked to keep the resort isolated in order to preserve its rustic appeal for the loyal clientele he was building. Though a road was built from the town of Greenville northward toward the lake in 1922, it stopped about five miles away. He built his own private, primitive road to the public road and locked a chain across where they met. A telephone shed built there allowed guests to call for admittance and garages were ready there to house their cars. At first, a horse-drawn buckboard would pick up the guests and bring them to the lodge but later this was upgraded to beach wagons. Charles himself was forward-thinking enough to buy an REO Speedwagon (the earliest form of pickup truck) in the year the road was built, in order to pick up supplies from town but motorized vehicles were forbidden to guests, including boats. The only watercraft he allowed were canoes built by his son Arnold and only fly fishing was allowed. Arnold, who would make a career of the camp, began replacing some of the cabins with ones built of logs placed vertically in the 1920s and 1930s. In October 1931 a fire that began around the stovepipe in his room in the main lodge burned it to the ground, but he was able to build a new lodge, of vertically placed logs, before the next season's guests arrived.
| 2
| 0
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77423212
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galena%20Schoolhouse
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Galena Schoolhouse
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The Galena Schoolhouse, sometimes shortened to the Galena School, is a historic one-room schoolhouse in Galena, South Dakota, United States. It held classes from 1882 until its closure in 1943. Since 1983, it has been preserved by the Galena Historical Society. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
History
Galena was a mining settlement in the Black Hills of Lawrence County, South Dakota, established in 1878. Before the school was built, classes were first held in Delong Hall, a now-demolished meeting hall, and later in private residences. The schoolhouse was built by W.V. Doyle and a dedication ceremony was held on September 26, 1882. The school bell was installed the following year. A flagpole was added outside in 1914 and electrical wiring was installed in the late 1920s. Two outhouses behind the school were built by the Works Progress Administration.
Galena's population fluctuated with the success and failure of the mines, but was on a steady decline as the 20th century progressed. Classes were discontinued in the spring of 1943 and all remaining students attended classes at nearby Chicken Ranch.
In 1983, the Lead-Deadwood School District, which then owned the building, planned to demolish the schoolhouse due to its deterioration. In response, local residents founded the Galena Historical Society that June to save and repair the schoolhouse. The district leased the schoolhouse to the historical society for an annual fee of $1 , until it took over ownership in 1997. On November 30, 1999, the schoolhouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Schools in South Dakota multiple property submission.
The Galena Historical Society hosts regular fundraisers and tours of the Galena Schoolhouse and the townsite.
| 2.546875
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77423270
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsyelyakhany%20Ghetto
|
Tsyelyakhany Ghetto
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On August 7, 1941, SS troops and police forcibly gathered the Jews into barracks, beating and mocking them. The younger and stronger Jews were made to dig trenches, which would serve as mass graves. The Jews were then marched to the Grechishche tract, where they were systematically executed. The victims were forced into the trenches and shot, with children being shot at the edge and pushed into the pits.
Cases of rescue
A few individuals managed to survive the massacre. Israel Chizh pretended to be dead and later escaped from the mass grave. Teacher Rachel Shrupskaya and Itzhak Krechmer also survived and joined partisan resistance groups.
Memory
Approximately 2,000 Jews were killed in Telekhany. For many years, the site of the massacre was neglected, and looters desecrated the graves in search of valuables. Gustav Lombard, who led the SS unit responsible for the killings, was captured by the Soviets but served only ten years in prison. He later lived in West Germany without facing further punishment for his crimes.
Incomplete lists of the murdered Jews of Telekhany and nearby villages have been published. Two monuments have been erected in Telekhany to commemorate the victims of the Jewish genocide. On June 17, 2021, a new monument was unveiled at the site of the murder of 500 Jews, replacing an older memorial.
| 2.859375
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77423637
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortifications%20of%20Larrun
|
Fortifications of Larrun
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On October 7, an assault force of 15,000 allied troops crossed the Bidassoa. The so-called "Cross of the Bouquets" combat occurred in Urrugne. The French were taken unawares, as the preceding night's inclement weather had obfuscated the assailants' preparations. They crossed the Bidassoa at three distinct fords upstream of Fontarabie, whereas Soult anticipated that the primary assault would occur in the Ainhoa region, situated to the east of Sare. Reille's forces, which had taken up position in the Louis XIV redoubt in Urrugne by 7:30 that morning, were overwhelmed by Graham's column. Neither Reille nor Clauzel was able to engage their reserves in time, as Montfort and Boyer's brigades were at Calvaire Mountain and Poiriers Pass in Biriatou, and Gauthier's brigade was at Bordegain.
On October 7, 1813, at 4 a.m., an additional 20,000 men initiated an assault on the fortifications of Larrun. The fighting concluded at nightfall, with the French forces still maintaining control of Larrun at the cost of 1,000 casualties on each side. Wellington then opted to circumvent the French defensive positions at Olhain and proceeded to capture the Santa Barbara (or Sainte-Barbe) redoubt. On October 8, the French troops evacuated the Larrun hermitage (Ermitebaita) and commenced a strategic withdrawal to the Alchangue ridge. The battles of October 7 and 8 concluded with 1,400 French casualties and 1,600 Allied casualties.
| 2.21875
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77423637
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortifications%20of%20Larrun
|
Fortifications of Larrun
|
The English troops entered Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle at approximately 2 p.m., while Longa's division proceeded to occupy Ascain, which was subsequently pillaged overnight. By the end of November 10, the French army remained deployed to the east, supported by the Nive and Larressore under the command of Drouet d'Erlon. Its center was situated near Bayonne on the Saint-Pée road, while to the west, it occupied the Nivelle Valley from Saint-Jean-de-Luz to Serres under the command of Reille. The Allied troops maintained control of Urrugne, Sare, Ascain, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, Souraïde, and Espelette. French losses totaled 4,265 people, including 1,400 prisoners, along with 51 cannons and the stores of Espelette and Saint-Jean-de-Luz. The Allies sustained 2,694 casualties.
The redoubts of Ascain
The redoubts of Biskarzoun and Esnaur are situated on two mounds overlooking Ascain, affording observation of potential attackers' approach from all directions. Although isolated from the remainder of the position and still incomplete at dawn on November 10, 1813, the redoubts were sufficiently substantial to withstand a direct attack due to their location. Initially, both works appeared to have been held by units from Taupin's division, particularly the 47th line.
| 2.09375
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77423720
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahya%20Al-Ghotany
|
Yahya Al-Ghotany
|
Yahya Al-Ghotany (; born 2004) is a Syrian taekwondo practitioner. A refugee in Jordan, he was selected to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics and was named the flag bearer for the Refugee Olympic Team.
Biography
Al Ghotany was born in Syria as the first of seven children. The Syrian civil war started when he was age seven, and his family fled the country for the Azraq refugee camp in Jordan. In 2016, at age 12, he learned of taekwondo "by chance": a friend informed him of courses taught nearby by the Taekwondo Humanitarian Foundation (THF), at the Azraq Academy. His coach recalled "When Yahya started taekwondo in 2016, he was a young boy, 12 years old. He came to me and said, 'I want taekwondo.
According to The Korea Times, "It didn't take long before Al Ghotany showed a natural ability for the sport and began aspiring for the highest levels as an athlete." Within five years, he reached a rank of black belt second-dan, which usually requires seven years of training. With the help of World Taekwondo (WT), he started participating in international tournaments. In 2023, he participated at the World Taekwondo Championships in the 63 kg category. At the Hope and Dreams Sports Festival, organized by the THF and WT in 2024, Al Ghotany qualified for the 2024 Summer Olympics as a member of the Refugee Olympic Team (EOR), to compete in the 68 kg category. In preparation for the Olympics, Al Ghotany trained with the Jordanian national taekwondo team under coach Faris Al Assaf, who helped Ahmad Abughaush win Jordan's first Olympic medal in 2016 with a gold in taekwondo. He was later selected the co-flag bearer for the EOR at the opening Olympic ceremony alongside boxer Cindy Ngamba; at age 19, he became one of the youngest Olympic flag bearers in history.
| 2.09375
| 0
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77424347
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eunice%20Wanjiku%20Kamaara
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Eunice Wanjiku Kamaara
|
Eunice Wanjiku Karanja Kamaara is a professor of religion at Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya. Her area of specialization is African Christian Ethics. She is an International Affiliate of Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, US. Wanjiku has authored over 100 publications. She is the founder and Director of African Character Initiation Program (ACIP), a program that facilitates adolescents to embrace their identities and African character values through information, life skills, and values training including on sexual and reproductive health and rights. Wanjiku is a Top 30 World Health Organization (WHO) Africa health innovator recognized for her work with young people in the African Character Initiation Program (ACIP). Her research and publications focus on holistic development and practice from socio-anthropological, ethical, gender, and social health perspectives.
Early life
Wanjiku was born on January 5, 1965, in Ngemwa village, Kiambu District (now Kiambu County), in Kenya. She is the last born child of Stephen Mwaura Kamaara and Anne Nduta Kamaara. She is married to Francis Karanja Kamiri and they have two children. Wanjiku was born into and nurtured in a Presbyterian Church of East Africa (PCEA) family. She later became a Roman Catholic by marriage and continues to be a Catholic Christian by choice.
| 2.53125
| 0
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77424838
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamylle%20Frenette
|
Kamylle Frenette
|
Kamylle Frenette (born July 4, 1996) is a Canadian paratriathlete, competing in the PTS5 classification.
Early life and education
Frenette was born with Unilateral Talipes Equinovarus, more commonly known as unilateral clubfoot. She had corrective surgery at four-months old at the IWK children's hospital in Halifax, which straightened her foot, but left her with a right foot smaller than her left and reduced mobility in her ankle.
Frenette grew up in Dieppe, New Brunswick. Her father was a triathlete. She studied biology at the Université de Moncton. She graduated from Dalhousie University in 2022 with a degree in pharmacy.
Career
Frenette began participating in triathlons when she was 16 years old. Shortly before her 18th birthday, she competed in an Ironman in Montreal.
Frenette ran with the varsity cross-country team at the Université de Moncton, competing from 2014 to 2018. She made her international paratriathlon debut competing for Canada in 2018 after being approached by Triathlon Canada's Para head coach, Carolyn Murray, in late 2016. In the 2018 ITU Paratriathlon World Cup, Frenette won the Magog, Quebec event, placed second at the France event, and placed fourth at the Australia event. She placed second at the Para-Triathlon World Series in Edmonton. She also finished fourth at the 2019 Paratriathlon World Championships.
In 2021, she placed second at the Americas Triathlon Para Championships in Pleasant Prairie and third at the World Triathlon Para Cup in A Coruna. In her Paralympic debut at Tokyo 2020, Frenette placed fourth in the women's PTS5. In the 2022 World Triathlon Para Cups, Frenette placed third at the Besançon and A Corona events, second at the World Triathlon Para Series Montreal, and then third at the 2022 World Triathlon Grand Finals in Abu Dhabi in the women's PTS5. She won the Montreal event in her classification at the World Triathlon Para Series in 2022.
| 2.09375
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77424864
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladonia%20krogiana
|
Cladonia krogiana
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Chemistry
Cladonia krogiana contains barbatic acid and chlorovinetorin as major secondary metabolites (lichen products). It is significant for the presence of the rare xanthone chlorovinetorin, previously reported in only a few other lichen species, and the depside barbatic acid, common in many Cladonia species but presented in a unique chemical context here.
Distribution and habitat
Known originally from several localities within southeast Norway, Cladonia krogiana grows on exposed siliceous rock like gneiss and amphibolite, often in locations that are periodically wetted by trickling water or spring floods. It typically inhabits open, exposed sites on the borders of conifer or mixed forests near lakes or rivers. It has also been reported from the Czech Republic, where it was found on open semi-native pine forest on ultramafic rock in the Ransko National Nature Reserve; this is both a geographically and ecologically outlying occurrence for this lichen. The first report of its occurrence in North America was reported in 2021, after it was found in two localities in New Brunswick.
This lichen primarily colonises thin soil covers or mosses in its natural habitats, indicating a preference for substrates that provide a stable microclimate and sufficient moisture retention.
| 2.25
| 0
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77424946
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah%20Hunaidi
|
Sarah Hunaidi
|
Sarah Hunaidi, or Sara Hunaidi, (born 1995) is a Syrian writer and human rights activist. She is a member of the Syrian Women Political Movement.
Biography
Hunaidi was born in 1995 in Suwaida Governorate, Syria, to a Syrian father and a Lebanese mother. She was in the 11th grade at the start of the Syrian revolution in 2011. Her cousin, Sate’ Ihsan Hunaidi, who was killed by the Syrian army at a checkpoint in April 2011, was commemorated as the first martyr of the revolution in Suwaida. At a young age, she became involved in the uprising by writing anti-regime posts on Facebook, attending flash protests in her city, and helping other activists. In 2014, at the age of seventeen, Hunaidi was forced into exile from Syria due to threats to her life for her opposition to the Syrian regime. She has since lived in Lebanon, Turkey, and the United States, where she currently resides. She studied International Relations at DePaul University in Chicago, and holds a Master's degree in Near and Middle Eastern Studies from Harvard University.
Hunaidi is a contributor to publications such as Foreign Policy, the Independent, Buzzfeed, the BBC, Al Jazeera English, and NPR. She is working on a biography of Samira Khalil, a Syrian activist who went missing in 2013. Hunaidi is noted for translating her diaries written during the siege of Douma.
| 2.15625
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77424988
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20the%20sexes%20in%20science%20fiction
|
Battle of the sexes in science fiction
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The battle of the sexes in science fiction is a recurring trope involving conflicts between male and female societies in a science fiction scenario over power.
With the rise of feminist science fiction, women science fiction writers have subverted the literary treatment of the battle of the sexes, first by presenting feminist utopias of single-gender worlds, then with the rise of cyberfeminism by going beyond the binary vision of societies organised solely between men and women.
Definition
The expression ‘battle of the sexes’ was first used by Joanna Russ to refer to science fiction stories dealing with the ‘war of the sexes’ between men and women. These are stories in which women rebel and take power, and in which there is usually a male hero who, with the help of a ‘feminine’ woman, brings peace to the world and restores balance.
History
Helen Merrick described the battle of the sexes trope in science fiction, which arose with the rise of feminist issues in society. Also known as ‘dominant woman’ stories, ‘battle of the sexes’ stories often feature matriarchal societies in which women have overcome their patriarchal oppressors and achieved dominance. These stories are representative of an anxiety that perceives women's power as a threat to masculinity and the heterosexual norm. As Merrick explains, ‘And while they may at least hint at a vision of a more egalitarian gendered social order, this possibility is undermined by framing the female desire for greater equality in terms of a (stereotypically) male drive for power and domination’. Joanna Russ has attempted to define another, more feminist approach to the battle of the sexes, which she defines as a ‘battle of the sexes’ with a more egalitarian or androgynous approach.
| 2.546875
| 0
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77424997
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josepha%20Chekova
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Josepha Chekova
|
Josepha Chekova, sometimes given as Josefa Chekova and also known by her married name Josepha Domansky, (26 May 1900 – 25 February 1968) was a Czech-American soprano. She began her career in vaudeville as early as 1924, and was a contracted singer with WRNY radio in 1926–1927. After appearing in a musical revue in Chicago, she won a vocal competition in 1927 which provided her with a scholarship to train as an opera singer at the Bel Canto Studio, Inc. of New York. She later studied singing further in New York City with Estelle Liebling. She made her opera debut at the Prague State Opera prior to becoming a leading soprano with the New York Opera Company in 1933. She was a leading soprano at Radio City Music Hall in 1930s, and toured with the San Carlo Opera Company in 1935–1936. She worked regularly with the Steel Pier Opera Company in Atlantic City from the mid 1930s into the early 1940s, and also appeared as a guest artist with opera companies in Washington D.C., Cincinnati, and Chicago. From 1940 to 1942 she toured with Armand Bagarozy's Columbia Opera Company, and in 1948 she gave a concert tour of Czechoslovakia.
In addition to her work as a soprano, Chekova also translated opera libretti into to English. She notably translated Eugene Zador's opera Christopher Columbus from German into English for the work's world premiere in 1939. Her English language translation was later used by the American Symphony Orchestra for their 1975 recording of that work.
Vocal training and career
The daughter of Czech immigrants to the United States, Josepha Chekova was born on 26 May 1900 in New York City.
She was performing in vaudeville as early as May 1925 at Keith's Theatre in Syracuse, New York. and the Strand Theatre in Shenandoah, Pennsylvania. She sang several programs of music on WRNY in 1926–1927. She later was engaged by Thomas A. Edison's music company to perform a program of Czech music on WRNY in June 1928 with the Edison Orchestra.
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77425171
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20Paul%20Jones
|
Timothy Paul Jones
|
Timothy Paul Jones (born January 16, 1973) is an American evangelical scholar of apologetics and family ministry. He serves as the C. Edwin Gheens Professor of Christian Family Ministry at the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. He has advocated for the contemporary retrieval of ancient models of Christian apologetics. Charles Colson identified Jones as one of the “names you need to know” when confronting the New Atheists. R. Albert Mohler described Jones as a model “of what it means to be a Christian scholar.”
Early Life and Education
Born in Mansfield, Missouri to the family of a rural pastor, Jones graduated from Manhattan Christian College (B.A., Biblical Studies) in 1993. He continued his studies at Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, earning the M.Div. in 1996. He completed his doctoral studies at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, where he received the Ph.D.
Jones served churches in Missouri and Oklahoma as pastor, associate pastor, and student minister. He was appointed as a faculty member at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in 2007. While a faculty member at Southern Seminary, Jones became a preaching pastor at Sojourn Church Midtown, the home of Sojourn Music.
Theological and social positions
| 2.09375
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77425171
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20Paul%20Jones
|
Timothy Paul Jones
|
Family ministry
Jones has criticized the practice of family-integrated church in which congregations eliminate all age-organized ministries. His academic paper “Catechism Classes and Other Surprising Precedents for Age-Organized Ministry” examined sixteenth-century practices of age-organized discipleship and pointed out errors in the historical claims made by proponents of family-integrated ministry. Jones pioneered a model of family ministry known as “family-equipping ministry,” which prioritizes family discipleship while maintaining age-organized programs. This model is described in detail in his books Perspectives on Family Ministry and Family Ministry Field Guide. In an article in Christianity Today, Jones emphasized the church's responsibility to function as a family for single-parent households, commenting that, “in the New Testament, the people of God are formed into a new, covenant family, adopted from every tribe and language and people group. This doesn’t do away with the family formed in the covenant between a man and woman, but it re-situates it in the context of a greater family, where we’re called to become a family for one another."
| 1.984375
| 0
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77425415
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation%20during%20the%202024%20Summer%20Olympics%20and%20Paralympics
|
Transportation during the 2024 Summer Olympics and Paralympics
|
On 26 July 2024, the day of the opening ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympics, a series of arson attacks damaged lines of the French high-speed railway system. International and domestic rail services were widely disrupted, with around 800,000 passengers affected.
Background
A stated goal of Paris 2024 was to halve the carbon footprint of the Olympic and Paralympic Games compared with London 2012 and Rio 2016. The average carbon footprint for these Games was 3.5 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent from both direct and indirect effects, such as spectator travel. Transport was an important component of this. To reduce the contribution of transport, all venues would be accessible by bicycle and public transport, and the transport fleet would include hybrid vehicles and hydrogen-powered buses.
In the Paris region, public transport is managed by Île-de-France Mobilités, which coordinates the contracts with transport companies such as RATP (the operator of the Paris Metro and some Réseau Express Régional (RER) lines) and SNCF (the French national railway operator). It became an official partner of the games in June 2022 in order to facilitate the organization of transport.
The majority of event sites were in the Paris area: 25 sites (13 in Paris and 12 in the suburbs) with 50 sessions per day for the 2024 Summer Olympics and 17 sites (10 in Paris and 7 in the suburbs) with 18 sessions per day for the 2024 Summer Paralympics, for 767 and 261 sessions respectively, including the two opening and closing ceremonies. These events involved 500,000 spectators per day for the Olympic Games and 300,000 for the Paralympic Games.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto%E2%80%93York%20Spadina%20subway%20extension
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Toronto–York Spadina subway extension
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According to a 2008 memo of understanding between York Region and the City of Toronto published by the TTC:
The TTC will be responsible for the full operating costs of the Spadina subway extension from Downsview (renamed Sheppard West in May 2017) to the Vaughan Corporate Centre (renamed Vaughan Metropolitan Centre) and receive all revenue from the Project (passenger revenue, commuter parking, advertising, retail leasing), with the exception of the operating costs and revenues for bus terminals and passenger pickup and drop off facilities located within York Region, which shall be maintained and operated by York Region.
Fares
Fare policy within Vaughan
Although Highway 407 and Vaughan Metropolitan Centre stations are located in Vaughan (within York Region) outside Toronto city limits, regular Toronto TTC fares are charged when entering or exiting these stations to simplify fare collection. This practice is in contrast to TTC-operated bus routes that cross the Toronto–York boundary at Steeles Avenue, where a second fare is charged. However, an additional fare is required for those paying by cash when transferring between the subway and suburban transit service providers, such as York Region Transit (YRT), at these stations, as is the case when transferring to other suburban transit services at stations within or bordering Toronto.
This is similar to the policy in 1968, when five subway stations opened outside the pre-1998 Toronto city limits in what was the TTC's "Zone 2" area at the time but no extra Zone 2 fare was required to reach those stations, whereas extra fare was charged to connect with suburban TTC bus routes in the boroughs of Metropolitan Toronto.
Since February 26, 2024, free transfers between the TTC and all other GTA transit services (or discounted transfers with fare-by-distance GO Transit), have been available for customers paying by Presto cards or contactless credit or debit cards.
Collector and legacy fare media phase-out
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77425544
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafellia%20alisioae
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Hafellia alisioae
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Hafellia alisioae is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Found in the Canary Islands, it was formally described as a new species in 2003 by Javier Etayo and Bernhard Marbach. The species epithet alisioae is derived from , the Spanish word for the moisture-laden Atlantic winds that blow from the northeast, bringing high humidity and rain to exposed coasts with biodiverse lichen growth. Mireia Giralt and Pieter P.G. van den Boom proposed to transfer the taxon to the genus Buellia in 2011.
Description
The thallus of Hafellia alisioae is crustose, meaning it forms a crust-like layer that adheres closely to the . It can appear either smooth and continuous or with a rough surface. The thallus is relatively thin, measuring between 0.05 and 0.15 micrometres (μm), and its colour ranges from cream-white to ochraceous. Beneath the thallus is a thin, black layer called the .
The apothecia (fruiting bodies) are black and range from 0.25 to 0.90 mm in diameter. They can be rounded or irregular in shape. Initially, they are flat with a slightly raised margin that is the same colour as the apothecia, but they become convex as they mature and lose the clear margin. The , a rim surrounding the apothecia, is 30 to 50 μm broad and brown or greenish-brown, with a less dark zone towards the centre. It is composed of cells with small and thick brown walls that merge with the underlying hypothallus.
The hymenium, which is the fertile spore-bearing layer of the apothecia, measures between 100 and 110 μm thick and contains many oil droplets, and has a hyaline (translucent) or slightly greenish appearance. The top layer of the hymenium, the , is brown to olive-brown due to the colour of the paraphysis tips. Paraphyses are sterile, thread-like filaments among the asci, measuring 1.5 to 2.0 μm thick, with branched ends and heads that are 3 to 4 μm wide containing intracellular pigment.
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77425641
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdok%20Glacier
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Urdok Glacier
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The Urdok Glacier is found in the eastern Karakoram along the Shaksgam Valley or Trans-Karakoram Tract.
It separates the Siachen Muztagh in the east from the Baltoro Muztagh in the west. In the west and south, the glacier is framed by Gasherbrum I (), Sia Kangri () and Urdok I (). Runoff from the Urdok Glacier ultimately flows into the Shaksgam River.
The Urdok Glacier is largely covered by rock debris, which slows snowmelt. Despite the presence of climate change, research has found that ice cliffs were growing in size on Urdok Glacier, compared to other glaciers in the region. The Urdok Glacier is additionally characterized as a "surge-type" or "surge-modified" glacier, where its speed can increase rapidly. The variability in the glacier's depth and speed has resulted in varying measurements in the glacier's overall length and size. Various figures have measured its length to be 24 km, 25 km or 27 km.
The Urdok Glacier has been known to exhibit "ice sails", a geological feature that appears as a sharp ridge or spike of melting ice protruding from the glacier surface. Also known as "ice pyramids" the feature has been documented across the Urdok Glacier in 2006 and 2014.
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77425650
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaines%20Landing%2C%20Arkansas
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Gaines Landing, Arkansas
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Gaines Landing (also Gaines' Landing and Gaines's Landing) is an extinct settlement in Chicot County, Arkansas, United States that once hosted a boat landing along the Mississippi River. The location played a role in the story of fugitive slave Margaret Garner (whose life was the basis of Toni Morrison's Beloved), and was used for troop movements during the American Civil War.
History
Gaines Landing was named for the Gaines family of Kentucky, specifically brothers William H. Gaines, Richard M. Gaines, and Benjamin P. Gaines. Benjamin Gaines, and his wife Matilda Fox first settled there in August 1824, the same year they got married. The first Episcopal Mission service west of the Mississippi was reportedly held at Gaines Landing. Chicot County's major product was cotton. The landing ultimately became one of the major Mississippi River ports between Helena, Arkansas and Vicksburg, Mississippi, where local planters could debark new slaves and supplies for their farms, and send cotton bales out for export to mills in New England and Great Britain.
In the 1850s Gaines Landing received regular mail from the packet boats and was the starting point of a mail route to inland Arkansas. Circa 1852 there was a plank road from Gaines Landing to Bradley County, Arkansas. The first toll gate was four miles west of Gaines Landing. There were plans for a Gaines Landing Railroad in 1853; Lloyd Tilghman was hired to be the chief engineer for the survey. The steamboat E. Howard sank near Gaines Landing in 1858. William Gaines transported an enslaved man named R. D. Green, a native of Caroline County, Virginia, to Gaines' Landing in 1858 after purchasing him from Richmond slave trader Solomon Davis.
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77425769
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik%20Johan%20Nauckhoff
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Henrik Johan Nauckhoff
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Henrik Johan Nauckhoff (also Henric, Hindric; 13 October 1744 – 18 February 1818) was a Swedish naval officer and friherre (baron).
After having graduated as an officer in the Swedish Navy, Nauckhoff served on expeditions to Pomerania and Morocco before receiving his first commission as commander of a ship in 1776. He was granted leave in 1778 to serve in the French Navy in order to gain useful experience. He thus came to participate in the American Revolutionary War, and fought on the side of the French in the battles of Chesapeake and the Saintes; in the latter he was severely wounded and instrumental in saving the French ship Northumberland. For his service in the war he was awarded the French Order of Military Merit and the Swedish Order of the Sword, as well as a life-long pension from the French state.
After his return to Sweden, he would also participate actively in the Russo-Swedish War of 1788–1790, commanding ships in the battles of Hogland, Öland (with noted distinction), Reval, Kronstadt and Vyborg Bay. During the last of these, his ship ran aground and he was taken prisoner.
He returned to Sweden following the peace treaty with Russia, and would hold several positions on land during the peacetime period thereafter. In 1796 he was promoted to rear admiral. With the outbreak of the Finnish War in 1808, he returned to command a squadron. He was promoted to vice admiral in 1809, and to the rank of full admiral in 1817, after the end of the war. He died in Stockholm.
Biography
Early years and the American Revolutionary War
Henrik Johan Nauckhoff was born in in Södermanland, Sweden. He came from an aristocratic family which had come to Sweden from Estonia in the 17th century. His father was a major in the Swedish Army.
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77425769
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik%20Johan%20Nauckhoff
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Henrik Johan Nauckhoff
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Nauckhoff also participated in the Battle of the Saintes in April 1782, and was severely wounded in the head. During the battle, all senior officers on board Northumberland were killed, wherefore Nauckhoff either took command himself or, according to different sources, vigorously aided the acting French commander, but in any case was instrumental in managing to convey the ship into the safety of present-day Cap-Haïtien. For this action he was rewarded by the French with a sum of money as well as an annual, life-long pension. He later made his way back to Europe on board the French ship Le Conquerant and re-entered Swedish service after the end of the war.
Russo-Swedish War
During the Russo-Swedish War of 1788–1790, Nauckhoff was initially given command of the Swedish frigate Minerva which he commanded during the Battle of Hogland. After the battle he was given command of the larger ship of the line . The following year he was transferred to the ship , on which he served with future admiral Rudolf Cederström and which he commanded with distinction at the Battle of Öland. Subsequently, Nauckhoff also participated in the naval battles of Reval, Kronstadt and Vyborg Bay. In the last battle the ship he commanded ran aground and he was taken prisoner. He would spend the rest of the war in Russian captivity.
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77425881
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quranic%20cosmology
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Quranic cosmology
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In eight different verses, the Quran exclaims that there are seven heavens (Q 2:29, 17:44, 23:86, 41:12, 65:12, 67:3, 71:15, 78:12). These heavens as arranged ṭibāqan (Q 67:3, 71:15), or "superimposed" over each other, apparently in a flat way, with one heaven layered above another. The Quran closely shares in its use of imagery, motif, and personification, in describing the heavens, as is particularly found in the Book of Psalms and the Book of Isaiah: God orders the heavens to assemble and they assent (Q 41:11/Ps 50:1–6/Is 48:13–14), the heavens are a witness to the glory of God (Q 17:44/Ps 148), and the injunction to cast one's sight upon the heavens as a testimony of God's creation (Q 67:3–4/Is 40:25–26).
Multi-layered heavens had been in vogue in Middle Eastern cosmologies since the 3rd millennium BC. Absent from the Hebrew Bible, they first enterred Jewish cosmology in the 3rd century BC and Christian cosmology in a later period. Rabbinic authors most commonly asserted the existence of seven (as opposed to a different number of) heavens, whereas East Syrian Christian authors rejected this figure.
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