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56,622 | 56,280 | 57265b12f1498d1400e8dd03 | generic | The city grew as the population did, coming up against the lake's waters. As the depth of the lake water fluctuated, Mexico City was subject to periodic flooding. A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding. Floods were not only... | Who helped build infrastructure around the lake? | {'text': 'Indians', 'answer_start': 220} |
122,589 | 122,247 | 5ad13994645df0001a2d1281 | generic | ^Note 2: in 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own ... | What is constitutionally allowed to be established in the state of Georgia? | {'text': 'No one religious society', 'answer_start': 591} |
86,072 | 85,730 | 5ad34016604f3c001a3fdbd7 | generic | In December 2008, the CTO of Blitz Games announced that it would bring stereoscopic 3D gaming and movie viewing to Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 with its own technology. This was first demonstrated publicly on PS3 using Sony's own technology in January 2009 at the Consumer Electronics Show. Journalists were shown Wipeout ... | What version of firmware update gave the PlayStation 3 its 4D capability? | {'text': '3.30', 'answer_start': 461} |
58,653 | 58,311 | 5ad0c65e645df0001a2d02bd | generic | The five most prevalent chains are Lotte, Hyundai, Shinsegae, Galleria, AK plaza. Lotte Department Store is the largest, operating more than 40 stores (include outlet, young plaza, foreign branches). Hyundai Department Store has about 14 stores (13dept, 1outlet), and there are 10 stores in Shinsegae. Shinsegae has 3 ou... | What department restaurant chain operates the most stores? | {'text': 'Lotte Department Store', 'answer_start': 82} |
49,847 | 49,505 | 5ad179eb645df0001a2d1dc6 | generic | After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British East India Company, which had ruled much of India, was dissolved, and Britain's possessions and protectorates on the Indian subcontinent were formally incorporated into the British Empire. The Queen had a relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities ... | What year was the Indian Rebellion? | {'text': '1857', 'answer_start': 30} |
81,442 | 81,100 | 57288fa83acd2414000dfb15 | generic | In 2003, a congestion charge was introduced to reduce traffic volumes in the city centre. With a few exceptions, motorists are required to pay £10 per day to drive within a defined zone encompassing much of central London. Motorists who are residents of the defined zone can buy a greatly reduced season pass. London gov... | What is the daily cost for most drivers to operate their cars within a given zone in the center of London? | {'text': '£10', 'answer_start': 143} |
52,887 | 52,545 | 5725d45bec44d21400f3d66c | generic | Thomas Edison began serious research into developing a practical incandescent lamp in 1878. Edison filed his first patent application for "Improvement In Electric Lights" on 14 October 1878. After many experiments, first with carbon in the early 1880s and then with platinum and other metals, in the end Edison returned ... | What type of wood did Edison use in his improved filament? | {'text': 'bamboo', 'answer_start': 826} |
11,944 | 11,602 | 56df5a598bc80c19004e4af4 | generic | The 1971 Local Government White Paper proposed abolishing county boroughs, which would have left Plymouth, a town of 250,000 people, being administered from a council based at the smaller Exeter, on the other side of the county. This led to Plymouth lobbying for the creation of a Tamarside county, to include Plymouth, ... | What document suggested that county boroughs be eliminated? | {'text': '1971 Local Government White Paper', 'answer_start': 4} |
104,641 | 104,299 | 57302879947a6a140053d1c9 | generic | The city also had a large class of free people of color. By 1860, 3,785 free people of color were in Charleston, nearly 18% of the city's black population, and 8% of the total population. Free people of color were far more likely to be of mixed racial background than slaves. Many were educated, practiced skilled crafts... | What percentage of Charleston's population were free people of color? | {'text': '8%', 'answer_start': 160} |
17,611 | 17,269 | 56e112eecd28a01900c67556 | generic | Boston (pronounced i/ˈbɒstən/) is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston also served as the historic county seat of Suffolk County until Massachusetts disbanded county government in 1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an estimated populatio... | How many square miles is the city proper of Boston? | {'text': '48', 'answer_start': 267} |
51,151 | 50,809 | 5725d04f89a1e219009abf33 | generic | Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cit... | Massalia was the center of education according to whom? | {'text': 'Strabo', 'answer_start': 874} |
276 | 276 | 138420 | pubqa | Following an unusually heavy rainfall in June 2009, a community-wide outbreak of Campylobacter gastroenteritis occurred in a small Danish town. The outbreak investigation consisted of (1) a cohort study using an e-questionnaire of disease determinants, (2) microbiological study of stool samples, (3) serological study o... | How was the event first detected?
| {'answer_id': 273669, 'document_id': 445516, 'question_id': 138420, 'text': 'unusual increase in patients with acute gastroenteritis.', 'answer_start': 1129, 'answer_category': 'LONG'} |
77,949 | 77,607 | 57278de35951b619008f8d61 | generic | In Indian philosophy, Yoga is among other things, the name of one of the six āstika philosophical schools. The Yoga philosophical system is closely allied with the dualism premises of Samkhya school. The Yoga school accepts the Samkhya psychology and metaphysics, but is considered theistic because it accepts the concep... | Of what is yoga a part in Indian philosophy? | {'text': 'philosophical schools', 'answer_start': 84} |
26,943 | 26,601 | 56f9e4999e9bad19000a0b41 | generic | In 1981, the MUSE system was demonstrated for the first time in the United States, using the same 5:3 aspect ratio as the Japanese system. Upon visiting a demonstration of MUSE in Washington, US President Ronald Reagan was impressed and officially declared it "a matter of national interest" to introduce HDTV to the US. | When was the MUSE system demonstrated in the US first? | {'text': '1981', 'answer_start': 3} |
22,313 | 21,971 | 56f72fe03d8e2e1400e37402 | generic | Works of classical repertoire often exhibit complexity in their use of orchestration, counterpoint, harmony, musical development, rhythm, phrasing, texture, and form. Whereas most popular styles are usually written in song forms, classical music is noted for its development of highly sophisticated musical forms, like t... | Works of classical repertoire exhibit what in their use of orchestration and harmony, and form? | {'text': 'complexity', 'answer_start': 44} |
19,337 | 18,995 | 56e7692a00c9c71400d770e0 | generic | Changing clocks and DST rules has a direct economic cost, entailing extra work to support remote meetings, computer applications and the like. For example, a 2007 North American rule change cost an estimated $500 million to $1 billion, and Utah State University economist William F. Shughart II has estimated the lost op... | What have some people argued correlates with time shifts from daylight savings? | {'text': 'decreased economic efficiency', 'answer_start': 424} |
118,325 | 117,983 | 5acf9f9377cf76001a6855b0 | generic | In response to the 1966 ruling by the International Court of Justice, South-West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) military wing, People's Liberation Army of Namibia, a guerrilla group began their armed struggle for independence, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its occupation of Namibia, in... | How much of South Africa's arable land did white people control? | {'text': '74%', 'answer_start': 553} |
36,674 | 36,332 | 570b2526ec8fbc190045b86c | generic | In 2009, IGN named the Xbox 360 the sixth-greatest video game console of all time, out of a field of 25. Although not the best-selling console of the seventh-generation, the Xbox 360 was deemed by TechRadar to be the most influential, by emphasizing digital media distribution and online gaming through Xbox Live, and by... | What magazine ranked the 360 as the second best console of the 1993-2013 period? | {'text': 'Edge', 'answer_start': 744} |
86,698 | 86,356 | 572ab0ca111d821400f38cd7 | generic | In Belgium, the sanction royale has the same legal effect as royal assent; the Belgian constitution requires a theoretically possible refusal of royal sanction to be countersigned—as any other act of the monarch—by a minister responsible before the House of Representatives. The monarch promulgates the law, meaning that... | Who declared the monarch incapable of acting upon an abortion decriminalization bill in 1990? | {'text': 'Council of Ministers', 'answer_start': 576} |
5,845 | 5,503 | 56d21c3ae7d4791d00902652 | generic | While there is no convincing evidence for meditation in pre-Buddhist early Brahminic texts, Wynne argues that formless meditation originated in the Brahminic or Shramanic tradition, based on strong parallels between Upanishadic cosmological statements and the meditative goals of the two teachers of the Buddha as record... | What contains evidence for a contemplative tradition? | {'text': 'Nasadiya Sukta', 'answer_start': 523} |
36,188 | 35,846 | 570aedcfec8fbc190045b780 | generic | The MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane, which is simply where the system manages conferencing creation, endpoint signaling and in-conferencing controls. This component negotiates parameters with every endpoint in the network and controls conferencing resources. While the MC controls ... | What is one example of what the signaling plane controls in a videoconferencing system? | {'text': 'endpoint signaling', 'answer_start': 140} |
118,805 | 118,463 | 5a864798b4e223001a8e752a | generic | Because of many technical restrictions in computing and also because of the unavailability of Cyrillic keyboards abroad, Russian is often transliterated using the Latin alphabet. For example, мороз ('frost') is transliterated moroz, and мышь ('mouse'), mysh or myš'. Once commonly used by the majority of those living ou... | What language was the QWERTY keyboard first programmed to be used in? | {'text': 'Latin', 'answer_start': 163} |
27,103 | 26,761 | 5ad3c44c604f3c001a3fefac | generic | If all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system].[citation needed] Often, frame size or frame rate can be dropped if its value is implied from context. In this case, the remaining numeric... | When a parameter is dropped, the remaining numeric parameter is specified last, followed by what? | {'text': 'scanning system', 'answer_start': 367} |
99,441 | 99,099 | 5ace640e32bba1001ae4a554 | generic | Before the introduction of the brown tree snake, Guam was home to several endemic bird species. Among them were the Guam rail (or ko'ko' bird in Chamorro) and the Guam flycatcher, both common throughout the island. Today the flycatcher is entirely extinct while the Guam rail is extinct in the wild but bred in captivity... | Which bird species was first driven to extinction by brown tree snakes? | {'text': "ko'ko'", 'answer_start': 565} |
51,919 | 51,577 | 5725c40889a1e219009abe25 | generic | "Poultry" is a term used for any kind of domesticated bird, captive-raised for its utility, and traditionally the word has been used to refer to wildfowl (Galliformes) and waterfowl (Anseriformes). "Poultry" can be defined as domestic fowls, including chickens, turkeys, geese and ducks, raised for the production of mea... | Edmund Dixon is most famous for what inclusions in his 1854 book on poultry ? | {'text': 'peafowl, guinea fowl, mute swan, turkey, various types of geese, the muscovy duck, other ducks and all types of chickens including bantams', 'answer_start': 857} |
90,102 | 89,760 | 57293d8b3f37b31900478173 | generic | Alaska regularly supports Republicans in presidential elections and has done so since statehood. Republicans have won the state's electoral college votes in all but one election that it has participated in (1964). No state has voted for a Democratic presidential candidate fewer times. Alaska was carried by Democratic n... | Which political party does Alaska generally support? | {'text': 'Republicans', 'answer_start': 26} |
92,446 | 92,104 | 5729649b6aef051400154df2 | generic | At the official counting of the electoral votes on January 6, a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes. Because the motion was supported by at least one member of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, election law mandated that each house retire to debate and vote on the motion. In the House of R... | How many people from the House of Representatives did not vote? | {'text': 'Not voting were 52 Republicans and 80 Democrats', 'answer_start': 447} |
50,876 | 50,534 | 5725c5b138643c19005acc97 | generic | Israel has a school life expectancy of 15.5 years and a literacy rate of 97.1% according to the United Nations. The State Education Law, passed in 1953, established five types of schools: state secular, state religious, ultra orthodox, communal settlement schools, and Arab schools. The public secular is the largest sch... | What is necessary to receive a Bagrut certificate? | {'text': 'Biblical scripture and civics', 'answer_start': 886} |
24,045 | 23,703 | 56f956c89b226e1400dd1361 | generic | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ... | In what year did Marshall and Gilbert go to the islands? | {'text': '1788', 'answer_start': 72} |
25,518 | 25,176 | 56f8e31d9b226e1400dd118e | generic | Most Portuguese and Mestiços speak one of the African languages and Kriol as second languages. French is also taught in schools because Guinea-Bissau is surrounded by French-speaking nations. Guinea-Bissau is a full member of the Francophonie. | What is Guinea-Bissau a full member of? | {'text': 'the Francophonie', 'answer_start': 226} |
111,628 | 111,286 | 5733e19dd058e614000b64ac | generic | The Premier League is the most-watched football league in the world, broadcast in 212 territories to 643 million homes and a potential TV audience of 4.7 billion people. In the 2014–15 season, the average Premier League match attendance exceeded 36,000, second highest of any professional football league behind the Bund... | To how many territories is the Premier League broadcast to? | {'text': '212', 'answer_start': 82} |
121,668 | 121,326 | 5a53c33ebdaabd001a38670c | generic | Although the structural model provided by the University of Paris, where student members are controlled by faculty "masters," provided a standard for universities, the application of this model took at least three different forms. There were universities that had a system of faculties whose teaching addressed a very sp... | What centralized model was used by Oxford? | {'text': 'collegiate or tutorial model', 'answer_start': 391} |
68,026 | 67,684 | 5a283a59d1a287001a6d0b08 | generic | Mali lies in the torrid zone and is among the hottest countries in the world. The thermal equator, which matches the hottest spots year-round on the planet based on the mean daily annual temperature, crosses the country. Most of Mali receives negligible rainfall and droughts are very frequent. Late June to early Decemb... | What does the equator cross? | {'text': 'Mali', 'answer_start': 229} |
21,826 | 21,484 | 56e8f1fb0b45c0140094cd8c | generic | During the early 20th century it became increasingly common to bury cremated remains rather than coffins in the abbey. In 1905 the actor Sir Henry Irving was cremated and his ashes buried in Westminster Abbey, thereby becoming the first person ever to be cremated prior to interment at the abbey. The majority of interme... | What family has the Northumberland Vault? | {'text': 'Percy Family', 'answer_start': 554} |
48,933 | 48,591 | 5acfb08277cf76001a68589a | generic | The final son of Abd al-Malik to become caliph was Hisham (724–43), whose long and eventful reign was above all marked by the curtailment of military expansion. Hisham established his court at Resafa in northern Syria, which was closer to the Byzantine border than Damascus, and resumed hostilities against the Byzantine... | Who was the first son of Abd al-Malik to become caliph? | {'text': 'Hisham', 'answer_start': 51} |
40,510 | 40,168 | 570d143eb3d812140066d3e9 | generic | Apple has generally dominated the premium PC market, having a 91 percent market share for PCs priced at more than $1,000 in 2009, according to NPD. The Macintosh took 45 percent of operating profits in the PC industry during Q4 2012, compared to 13 percent for Dell, seven percent for Hewlett Packard, six percent for Le... | According to NPD, who has generally dominated the premium PC market? | {'text': 'Apple', 'answer_start': 0} |
80,018 | 79,676 | 5727aeb02ca10214002d93ab | generic | Counter-intuitively, the "micro" size is the most durable from the point of designed insertion lifetime. The standard and mini connectors were designed for less than daily connections, with a design lifetime of 1,500 insertion-removal cycles. (Improved mini-B connectors have reached 5,000-cycle lifetimes.) Micro connec... | What was designed with frequent charging of portable devices in mind? | {'text': 'Micro connectors', 'answer_start': 308} |
111,431 | 111,089 | 57307352069b5314008320eb | generic | The total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available, they show around 3 million Greeks outside Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the SAE - World Council of Hellenes Abroad put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. According to George Pr... | How many people that are of Greek ascendancy live elsewhere than Greece ? | {'text': 'total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue', 'answer_start': 4} |
102,239 | 101,897 | 57317ace497a881900248f6b | generic | The People's Committees led to a high percentage of public involvement in decision making, within the limits permitted by the RCC, but exacerbated tribal divisions. They also served as a surveillance system, aiding the security services in locating individuals with views critical of the RCC, leading to the arrest of Ba... | Along with the General People's Congress, what national body represented the People's Committees? | {'text': "General People's Committee", 'answer_start': 597} |
15,072 | 14,730 | 5a10e4ae06e79900185c345c | generic | A wireless Internet service provider (WISP) is an Internet service provider with a network based on wireless networking. Technology may include commonplace Wi-Fi wireless mesh networking, or proprietary equipment designed to operate over open 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 4.9, 5.2, 5.4, 5.7, and 5.8 GHz bands or licensed frequenci... | What kind of uncommon networking is used for WISPs | {'text': 'Wi-Fi wireless mesh networking', 'answer_start': 156} |
62,320 | 61,978 | 572778e8dd62a815002e9dd6 | generic | For centuries, Jews worldwide have spoken the local or dominant languages of the regions they migrated to, often developing distinctive dialectal forms or branches that became independent languages. Yiddish is the Judæo-German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to Central Europe. Ladino is the Judæo-Span... | Name one reason the ancient and distinct Jewish languages have largely fallen out of use? | {'text': 'Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries', 'answer_start': 482} |
2,384 | 2,042 | 56cd7e4462d2951400fa664d | generic | The first generation iPod Nano may overheat and pose a health and safety risk. Affected iPod Nanos were sold between September 2005 and December 2006. This is due to a flawed battery used by Apple from a single battery manufacturer. Apple recommended that owners of affected iPod Nanos stop using them. Under an Apple pr... | What program allowed users to exchange iPod Nanos which suffered from overheating problems with new safe models? | {'text': 'Apple product replacement program', 'answer_start': 312} |
8,016 | 7,674 | 5ad5f8a25b96ef001a10af5a | generic | Finland has used comprehensive schools since the 1970s, in the sense that everyone is expected to complete the nine grades of peruskoulu, from the age 7 to 16. The division to lower comprehensive school (grades 1–6, ala-aste, alakoulu) and upper comprehensive school (grades 7–9, yläaste, yläkoulu) has been discontinued... | In what decade didn't Finland begin employing comprehensive schools? | {'text': '1970s', 'answer_start': 49} |
105,388 | 105,046 | 5a8453337cf838001a46a73a | generic | This first list is referred to as the "Class of '67" in The Endangered Species Act at Thirty, Volume 1, which concludes that habitat destruction, the biggest threat to those 78 species, is still the same threat to the currently listed species. It included only vertebrates because the Department of Interior's definition... | What volume was published in 1969? | {'text': '1', 'answer_start': 101} |
82,035 | 81,693 | 5727bec13acd2414000deb44 | generic | There has recently been an effort to reevaluate the influence of the Bible on Western constitutional law. In the Old Testament, there was some language in Deuteronomy imposing restrictions on the Jewish king, regarding such things as how many wives he could have, and how many horses he could own for his personal use. A... | What historical book may have a significant impact on contemporary law making practices? | {'text': 'Bible', 'answer_start': 69} |
100,167 | 99,825 | 5a7a1c7c17ab25001a8a0342 | generic | The Czech dialects spoken in Moravia and Silesia are known as Moravian (moravština). In the Austro-Hungarian Empire, "Bohemian-Moravian-Slovak" was a language citizens could register as speaking (with German, Polish and several others). Of the Czech dialects, only Moravian is distinguished in nationwide surveys by the ... | In the German Empire, what language could you register as speaking? | {'text': '"Bohemian-Moravian-Slovak"', 'answer_start': 117} |
48,456 | 48,114 | 571d0e925efbb31900334e8f | generic | Other notable new vaccines of the period include those for measles (1962, John Franklin Enders of Children's Medical Center Boston, later refined by Maurice Hilleman at Merck), Rubella (1969, Hilleman, Merck) and mumps (1967, Hilleman, Merck) The United States incidences of rubella, congenital rubella syndrome, measles... | Who helped refine the measles vaccine? | {'text': 'Maurice Hilleman', 'answer_start': 149} |
125,438 | 125,096 | 57326b79e17f3d1400422973 | generic | The City of New York has an official television station run by the NYC Media Group and broadcasting from Bronx Community College, and Cablevision operates News 12 The Bronx, both of which feature programming based in the Bronx. Co-op City was the first area in the Bronx, and the first in New York beyond Manhattan, to h... | Where is the official city TV station broadcast from? | {'text': 'Bronx Community College', 'answer_start': 105} |
19,503 | 19,161 | 5a7883bfb73996001af5a704 | generic | The operational framework is provided by the Byelaws, which are more frequently updated than the Charter. Any revisions to the Charter or Byelaws require the Privy Council's approval. | What removed the standards by which the Royal Institute functions? | {'text': 'the Byelaws', 'answer_start': 41} |
53,410 | 53,068 | 5acd0f9107355d001abf32c2 | generic | When Nike took over from Adidas as Arsenal's kit provider in 1994, Arsenal's away colours were again changed to two-tone blue shirts and shorts. Since the advent of the lucrative replica kit market, the away kits have been changed regularly, with Arsenal usually releasing both away and third choice kits. During this pe... | In what year was Arsenal's home colours kits last changed? | {'text': '2009', 'answer_start': 589} |
98,668 | 98,326 | 572ac493111d821400f38d46 | generic | In 1981, large sections of the SEPTA Regional Rail service to the far suburbs of Philadelphia were discontinued due to lack of funding. Several projects have been proposed to extend rail service back to these areas, but lack of funding has again been the chief obstacle to implementation. These projects include the prop... | When did SEPTA service get cut? | {'text': '1981', 'answer_start': 3} |
41,862 | 41,520 | 5acec6d432bba1001ae4b3ad | generic | The United States joined World War II in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. On the European front, U.S. Army troops formed a significant portion of the forces that captured North Africa and Sicily, and later fought in Italy. On D-Day, June 6, 1944, and in the subsequent liberation of Europe and de... | What month and year did the Chinese join World War II? | {'text': 'December 1941', 'answer_start': 41} |
51,971 | 51,629 | 572640f689a1e219009ac5fe | generic | Cockfighting is said to be the world's oldest spectator sport and may have originated in Persia 6,000 years ago. Two mature males (cocks or roosters) are set to fight each other, and will do so with great vigour until one is critically injured or killed. Breeds such as the Aseel were developed in the Indian subcontinen... | How long ago was the sport of fighting chickens been around? | {'text': "Cockfighting is said to be the world's oldest spectator sport and may have originated in Persia 6,000 years ago.", 'answer_start': 0} |
28,398 | 28,056 | 5a81f82431013a001a334fff | generic | An influential school of phonology in the interwar period was the Prague school. One of its leading members was Prince Nikolai Trubetzkoy, whose Grundzüge der Phonologie (Principles of Phonology), published posthumously in 1939, is among the most important works in the field from this period. Directly influenced by Bau... | What is de Courtenay considered to have founded? | {'text': 'morphophonology', 'answer_start': 380} |
6,142 | 5,800 | 56d3686b59d6e41400146304 | generic | In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Fox's parent company, was persuaded to buy the show by his daughter Elisabeth, who was a fan o... | For how many seasons was American Idol the most watched show in the US? | {'text': 'seven', 'answer_start': 884} |
126,079 | 125,737 | 5733f8f0d058e614000b66d1 | generic | The Portuguese currency is the euro (€), which replaced the Portuguese Escudo, and the country was one of the original member states of the eurozone. Portugal's central bank is the Banco de Portugal, an integral part of the European System of Central Banks. Most industries, businesses and financial institutions are con... | What is the name of Portugal's central bank? | {'text': 'Banco de Portugal', 'answer_start': 181} |
18,354 | 18,012 | 5acd27f807355d001abf3731 | generic | Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russia... | Which language did Russian not influence? | {'text': 'Russian', 'answer_start': 314} |
21,083 | 20,741 | 56e820ad37bdd419002c4446 | generic | A standard dialect (also known as a standardized dialect or "standard language") is a dialect that is supported by institutions. Such institutional support may include government recognition or designation; presentation as being the "correct" form of a language in schools; published grammars, dictionaries, and textbook... | Along with grammars and dictionaries, what publications help a dialect to become standardized? | {'text': 'textbooks', 'answer_start': 312} |
94,289 | 93,947 | 5a3e90275a76c5001a3a834d | generic | During 734 BC the Phoenicians, a sea trading people from the north of ancient Canaan, built a small settlement on the natural harbor of Palermo. Some sources suggest they named the settlement "Ziz." It became one of the three main Phoenician colonies of Sicily, along with Motya and Soluntum. However, the remains of the... | What road helped the Phoenicians trade with the Arabs? | {'text': 'Corso Calatifimi.', 'answer_start': 626} |
69,338 | 68,996 | 5a7a3c8817ab25001a8a03e9 | generic | Poetry is a form of literary art which uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, prosaic ostensible meaning. Poetry has traditionally been distinguished from prose by its being set in verse;[a] prose is cast in sentences, poetry in lines; the syntax of prose is ... | In 1657, what was the definition used for "poetry?" | {'text': '"any kind of subject consisting of Rythm or Verses".', 'answer_start': 570} |
113,613 | 113,271 | 573009dfb2c2fd1400568780 | generic | Distinguishing motifs of Islamic architecture have always been ordered repetition, radiating structures, and rhythmic, metric patterns. In this respect, fractal geometry has been a key utility, especially for mosques and palaces. Other features employed as motifs include columns, piers and arches, organized and interwo... | What physical characteristics are common in Islamic architecture? | {'text': 'columns, piers and arches', 'answer_start': 272} |
55,220 | 54,878 | 57262a0bec44d21400f3db3f | generic | On 27 August 2007, Royal Dutch Shell and Reitan Group, the owner of the 7-Eleven brand in Scandinavia, announced an agreement to re-brand some 269 service stations across Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark, subject to obtaining regulatory approvals under the different competition laws in each country. On April 2010 Sh... | How many service stations did Royal Dutch Shell and Reitan Group agree to re-brand? | {'text': 'some 269', 'answer_start': 138} |
30,386 | 30,044 | 5ad262a3d7d075001a4290b8 | generic | In the late 1980s, many local Chicago house music artists suddenly found themselves presented with major label deals. House music proved to be a commercially successful genre and a more mainstream pop-based variation grew increasingly popular. Artists and groups such as Madonna, Janet Jackson, Paula Abdul, Aretha Frank... | Where is Ross music extremely popular? | {'text': 'both clubs and in the mainstream pop scene', 'answer_start': 817} |
36,304 | 35,962 | 5a1f74bf54a786001a36b2cb | generic | Videoconferencing can enable individuals in distant locations to participate in meetings on short notice, with time and money savings. Technology such as VoIP can be used in conjunction with desktop videoconferencing to enable low-cost face-to-face business meetings without leaving the desk, especially for businesses w... | What are low-cost meetings also used for? | {'text': 'work from home', 'answer_start': 410} |
36,593 | 36,251 | 570b1d3d6b8089140040f71f | generic | Known during development as Xbox Next, Xenon, Xbox 2, Xbox FS or NextBox, the Xbox 360 was conceived in early 2003. In February 2003, planning for the Xenon software platform began, and was headed by Microsoft's Vice President J Allard. That month, Microsoft held an event for 400 developers in Bellevue, Washington to r... | What manufacturer was enlisted to design the 360's graphics processor? | {'text': 'ATI', 'answer_start': 456} |
104,946 | 104,604 | 572eddf0cb0c0d14000f1642 | generic | In the 1920s and 1930s, air power theorists Giulio Douhet and Billy Mitchell espoused the idea that air forces could win wars by themselves, without a need for land and sea fighting. It was thought there was no defence against air attack, particularly at night. Enemy industry, their seats of government, factories and c... | What kind of populace was believed to be most vulnerable? | {'text': 'Democracies', 'answer_start': 564} |
128,364 | 128,022 | 5ad2c034d7d075001a42a0ea | generic | Inquiry in sociocultural anthropology is guided in part by cultural relativism, the attempt to understand other societies in terms of their own cultural symbols and values. Accepting other cultures in their own terms moderates reductionism in cross-cultural comparison. This project is often accommodated in the field of... | What is one of the foundational methods of Ethnology? | {'text': 'Participant observation', 'answer_start': 557} |
12,991 | 12,649 | 5ace27d732bba1001ae49bdf | generic | Sony Music Entertainment Inc. (sometimes known as Sony Music or by the initials, SME) is an American music corporation managed and operated by Sony Corporation of America (SCA), a subsidiary of Japanese conglomerate Sony Corporation. In 1929, the enterprise was first founded as American Record Corporation (ARC) and, in... | ABC Records was established in what year? | {'text': '1966', 'answer_start': 410} |
62,154 | 61,812 | 5726723b708984140094c65e | generic | Jews originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel. The Merneptah Stele appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel, associated with the god El, somewhere in Canaan as far back as the 13th century BCE. T... | Who consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, and the kingdom of Judah? | {'text': 'Israelites', 'answer_start': 323} |
51,098 | 50,756 | 5725c50489a1e219009abe4d | generic | During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria respectively. The conquests of Alexander greatly widened the horizons of the Greek world, m... | What leaders conquests widened the horizons of the Greek world? | {'text': 'Alexander', 'answer_start': 260} |
20,878 | 20,536 | 56e79deb37bdd419002c424c | generic | In October 2008, Tom Benson announced that the New Orleans VooDoo were ceasing operations and folding "based on circumstances currently affecting the league and the team". Shortly thereafter, an article in Sports Business Journal announced that the AFL had a tentative agreement to sell a $100 million stake in the leagu... | How large a stake did Platinum Equity want to buy in the AFL? | {'text': '$100 million', 'answer_start': 289} |
2,454 | 2,112 | 5a8d8513df8bba001a0f9acf | generic | The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess is an action-adventure game focused on combat, exploration, and item collection. It uses the basic control scheme introduced in Ocarina of Time, including context-sensitive action buttons and L-targeting (Z-targeting on the Wii), a system that allows the player to keep Link's view... | What are the three main activities in The Legend of Zelda: Clawshot Princess? | {'text': 'combat, exploration, and item collection', 'answer_start': 78} |
79,063 | 78,721 | 5727ff4d2ca10214002d9af8 | generic | Concerning humanity as the image of Christ, English Dominican spirituality concentrated on the moral implications of image-bearing rather than the philosophical foundations of the imago Dei. The process of Christ's life, and the process of image-bearing, amends humanity to God's image. The idea of the "image of God" de... | What is man always seen as? | {'text': 'an image of God', 'answer_start': 461} |
122,813 | 122,471 | 5ad14694645df0001a2d14f5 | generic | Subsequent to this decision, the Supreme Court has applied a three-pronged test to determine whether government action comports with the Establishment Clause, known as the "Lemon Test". First, the law or policy must have been adopted with a neutral or non-religious purpose. Second, the principle or primary effect must ... | What is the four-pronged test regarding the Establishment Clause know as? | {'text': 'Lemon Test', 'answer_start': 173} |
28,064 | 27,722 | 56fb7572b28b3419009f1d6a | generic | Few large stone buildings were constructed between the Constantinian basilicas of the 4th century and the 8th century, although many smaller ones were built during the 6th and 7th centuries. By the beginning of the 8th century, the Carolingian Empire revived the basilica form of architecture. One feature of the basilic... | How is the transept positioned in relation to the nave? | {'text': 'perpendicular', 'answer_start': 398} |
58,954 | 58,612 | 5acd875f07355d001abf45d3 | generic | In 1763, Spain traded Florida to the Kingdom of Great Britain for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. It was part of a large expansion of British territory following the country's victory in the Seven Years' War. Almost the entire Spanish population left, taking ... | Who owned Cuba after the Eight Years War? | {'text': 'Kingdom of Great Britain', 'answer_start': 37} |
72,805 | 72,463 | 57271a2e708984140094d9c2 | generic | In 1996, Comcast bought a controlling stake in Spectacor from the company's founder, Ed Snider. Comcast-Spectacor holdings now include the Philadelphia Flyers NHL hockey team, the Philadelphia 76ers National Basketball Association basketball team and two large multipurpose arenas in Philadelphia. Over a number of years... | Comcast's purchase of Spectator gave them what sports teams in Philadelphia? | {'text': 'the Philadelphia Flyers NHL hockey team, the Philadelphia 76ers National Basketball Association basketball team', 'answer_start': 135} |
103,651 | 103,309 | 5acee0f532bba1001ae4b831 | generic | At high altitudes, Neptune's atmosphere is 80% hydrogen and 19% helium. A trace amount of methane is also present. Prominent absorption bands of methane exist at wavelengths above 600 nm, in the red and infrared portion of the spectrum. As with Uranus, this absorption of red light by the atmospheric methane is part of ... | What gives Neptune it's red hue? | {'text': 'absorption of red light by the atmospheric methane', 'answer_start': 258} |
106,233 | 105,891 | 572e9c8cc246551400ce43e6 | generic | According to the traditional narrative, several companions of Muhammad served as scribes and were responsible for writing down the revelations. Shortly after Muhammad's death, the Quran was compiled by his companions who wrote down and memorized parts of it. These codices had differences that motivated the Caliph Uthma... | Who first recorded Muhammad revelations? | {'text': 'companions of Muhammad', 'answer_start': 48} |
78,518 | 78,176 | 5727ac192ca10214002d9358 | generic | In July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with "Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced complex jazz harmonies to... | What a cappella group rose to popularity in 1943? | {'text': 'The Song Spinners', 'answer_start': 126} |
72,702 | 72,360 | 5a7356c553a187001ae6319f | generic | In 2001, Comcast announced it would acquire the assets of the largest cable television operator at the time, AT&T Broadband, for US$44.5 billion. The proposed name for the merged company was "AT&T Comcast", but the companies ultimately decided to keep only the Comcast name. In 2002, Comcast acquired all assets of AT&T ... | How many customers did AT&T Broadband bring to Comcast? | {'text': '22 million', 'answer_start': 419} |
78,405 | 78,063 | 5a302f6cf1f7c7001ab92cb0 | generic | A cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot. Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an instrumentally-accomp... | What was considered a form of A capella until the Jewish period? | {'text': 'The madrigal', 'answer_start': 231} |
95,071 | 94,729 | 572983b13f37b3190047846d | generic | The new interiors sought to recreate an authentically Roman and genuinely interior vocabulary. Techniques employed in the style included flatter, lighter motifs, sculpted in low frieze-like relief or painted in monotones en camaïeu ("like cameos"), isolated medallions or vases or busts or bucrania or other motifs, susp... | What were styles in France initially? | {'text': 'Parisian', 'answer_start': 498} |
56,115 | 55,773 | 5726316889a1e219009ac53a | generic | Although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise and home video. ... | What has the internet been utilized for in wrestling? | {'text': 'to air web shows, internet pay-per-views (iPPVs) or on-demand content', 'answer_start': 940} |
38,635 | 38,293 | 5a612fb3e9e1cc001a33cfec | generic | In tumbling, athletes perform an explosive series of flips and twists down a sprung tumbling track. Scoring is similar to trampolining. Tumbling was originally contested as one of the events in Men's Artistic Gymnastics at the 1932 Summer Olympics, and in 1955 and 1959 at the Pan American Games. From 1974 to 1998 it wa... | What was contested as one of the events in Men's Artistic Gymnastics at the 1938 Summer Olympics? | {'text': 'Tumbling', 'answer_start': 136} |
60,011 | 59,669 | 5a7cdcd3e8bc7e001a9e207c | generic | The unemployment rate reached its peak of 20% in 2005. Since then, it has decreased to 7% in 2013, which is only slightly above the national average. The decrease is caused on the one hand by the emergence of new jobs and on the other by a marked decrease in the working-age population, caused by emigration and low birt... | What do many Thuringian workers do to earn lower wages? | {'text': 'working in other German Lands and even in Austria and Switzerland as weekly commuters.', 'answer_start': 461} |
103,065 | 102,723 | 5731c899b9d445190005e547 | generic | After completing filming on Ready Player One, while it is in its lengthy, effects-heavy post-production, he will film his long-planned adaptation of David Kertzer's acclaimed The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara. The book follows the true story of a young Jewish boy in 1858 Italy who was secretly baptized by a family serv... | Who wrote 'The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara'? | {'text': 'David Kertzer', 'answer_start': 149} |
125,074 | 124,732 | 57327363b9d445190005eb36 | generic | Eisenhower did provide France with bombers and non-combat personnel. After a few months with no success by the French, he added other aircraft to drop napalm for clearing purposes. Further requests for assistance from the French were agreed to but only on conditions Eisenhower knew were impossible to meet – allied part... | What did American bombers drop on Vietnam? | {'text': 'napalm', 'answer_start': 151} |
66,418 | 66,076 | 5726a714dd62a815002e8c14 | generic | The Paymaster General Act 1782 ended the post as a lucrative sinecure. Previously, Paymasters had been able to draw on money from HM Treasury at their discretion. Now they were required to put the money they had requested to withdraw from the Treasury into the Bank of England, from where it was to be withdrawn for spec... | Whose administration repealed the Paymaster General Act? | {'text': 'Shelburne', 'answer_start': 446} |
97,808 | 97,466 | 572a6ac17a1753140016af24 | generic | Ibn Sīnā refers to the secondary education stage of maktab schooling as a period of specialisation when pupils should begin to acquire manual skills, regardless of their social status. He writes that children after the age of 14 should be allowed to choose and specialise in subjects they have an interest in, whether it... | According to Ibn Sina, what is needed to support transition at the secondary stage of education? | {'text': 'flexibility', 'answer_start': 591} |
13,893 | 13,551 | 5a299df803c0e7001a3e1863 | generic | In response, the EU decided to fill the gap left behind by the US under the Sandbaek report. According to its Annual Report for 2008, the UNFPA received its funding mainly from European Governments: Of the total income of M845.3 M, $118 was donated by the Netherlands, $67 M by Sweden, $62 M by Norway, $54 M by Denmark,... | What report was not left behind by the US? | {'text': 'Sandbaek report', 'answer_start': 76} |
48,651 | 48,309 | 571d2b4ddd7acb1400e4c236 | generic | There are special rules for certain rare diseases ("orphan diseases") in several major drug regulatory territories. For example, diseases involving fewer than 200,000 patients in the United States, or larger populations in certain circumstances are subject to the Orphan Drug Act. Because medical research and developme... | What is one financial benefit to researching orphan drugs? | {'text': 'tax reductions', 'answer_start': 426} |
29,689 | 29,347 | 5706b5312eaba6190074ac50 | generic | Long distance migrants are believed to disperse as young birds and form attachments to potential breeding sites and to favourite wintering sites. Once the site attachment is made they show high site-fidelity, visiting the same wintering sites year after year. | What else do young birds form attachments to? | {'text': 'wintering sites', 'answer_start': 129} |
66,093 | 65,751 | 5726a73df1498d1400e8e62e | generic | Norfolk Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, east of the Australian mainland. Norfolk Island is the main island of the island group the territory encompasses and is located at 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950. It has an area of 34.6 square kilometres (13.4 sq mi), with no large-scale... | What are the coordinates for Norfolk Island? | {'text': '29°02′S 167°57′E\ufeff / \ufeff29.033°S 167.950°E\ufeff / -29.033; 167.950', 'answer_start': 185} |
67,496 | 67,154 | 5ad16a27645df0001a2d1a54 | generic | Stepper motors are a type of motor frequently used when precise rotations are required. In a stepper motor an internal rotor containing PMs or a magnetically soft rotor with salient poles is controlled by a set of external magnets that are switched electronically. A stepper motor may also be thought of as a cross betwe... | What do stepper motor rotors align themselves without? | {'text': 'magnetic field produced by the energized field winding', 'answer_start': 434} |
46,099 | 45,757 | 5710faaeb654c5140001fa5f | generic | One of the primary elements of the culture of the Enlightenment was the rise of the public sphere, a "realm of communication marked by new arenas of debate, more open and accessible forms of urban public space and sociability, and an explosion of print culture," in the late 17th century and 18th century. Elements of th... | The argument of the public sphere was founded on what? | {'text': 'reason', 'answer_start': 439} |
1,207 | 865 | 56cf609aaab44d1400b89187 | generic | Fryderyk may have had some piano instruction from his mother, but his first professional music tutor, from 1816 to 1821, was the Czech pianist Wojciech Żywny. His elder sister Ludwika also took lessons from Żywny, and occasionally played duets with her brother. It quickly became apparent that he was a child prodigy. By... | At what age did Chopin start playing publicly? | {'text': '7', 'answer_start': 391} |
91,088 | 90,746 | 5728c5ae3acd2414000dfe05 | generic | Insects can be divided into two groups historically treated as subclasses: wingless insects, known as Apterygota, and winged insects, known as Pterygota. The Apterygota consist of the primitively wingless order of the silverfish (Thysanura). Archaeognatha make up the Monocondylia based on the shape of their mandibles, ... | What group of insects are inclusive within the Monocondylia primarily due to the shape of their mandible? | {'text': 'Archaeognatha', 'answer_start': 242} |
7,684 | 7,342 | 56db715ce7c41114004b511b | generic | The Color Orange democracy group, led by Danish sculptor Jens Galschiøt, originally planned to join the Hong Kong Alliance relay and paint the "Pillar of Shame", a structure he built in Hong Kong to commemorate the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. However, Galschiøt and two other people were denied entry to Hong Kong on... | What structure did Jens Galschiøt build to monumentalize the Tianamen Square protests in 1989? | {'text': 'Pillar of Shame', 'answer_start': 144} |
16,859 | 16,517 | 56e0f1e7231d4119001ac4aa | generic | The Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons of the Same Holy Apostles is a collection of ancient ecclesiastical decrees (eighty-five in the Eastern, fifty in the Western Church) concerning the government and discipline of the Early Christian Church, incorporated with the Apostolic Constitutions which are part of the ... | What is another term for Apostolic Canons? | {'text': 'Ecclesiastical Canons', 'answer_start': 24} |
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