title stringlengths 2 79 | passage stringlengths 2.2k 39.3k | link stringlengths 32 109 |
|---|---|---|
Kuwait Armed Forces | In 1966, the headquarters of the Kuwait Military Hospital was opened. In 1967, the Chief of General Staff Major General Mubarak Abdullah Al-Jaber Al-Sabah appointed his deputy Brigadier General Saleh Mohammed Al-Sabah as acting commander of a hand-picked brigade from the Kuwait Armed Forces, mainly the elite of the Kuw... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait_Armed_Forces |
Bashar al-Assad | Immediately after he took office, a reform movement known as Damascus Spring led by writers, intellectuals, dissidents, cultural activists, etc. made cautious advances, which led to the shut down of Mezzeh prison and the declaration of a wide-ranging amnesty releasing hundreds of Muslim Brotherhood affiliated political... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad |
List of Muslim states and dynasties | Rustamid dynasty (777–909)
Aghlabid dynasty (800–909; Ifriqiya, Tunisia, East-Algeria, West-Libya, Sicily)
Fatimid Calipate (909–1171; North Africa, Middle East)
Zirid dynasty (972–1148)
Almoravid dynasty (1040–1147; Maghreb, Spain)
Almohad dynasty (1121–1269)
Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1254)
Hafsid dynasty (1229–1574)
Nasr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Muslim_states_and_dynasties |
Raqqa | Abbasid Raqqa was an important center of glass and ceramics production. Al-Muqaddasi also mentioned a soapmaking industry at Raqqa, which is connected to the glass industry because both make use of alkali. Minerals used as colorants in glassmaking or glazing pottery may have come from Jabal Bishr to the south, since Ya... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raqqa |
Nile | Owing to their failure to penetrate the Sudd wetlands of South Sudan, the upper reaches of the White Nile remained largely unknown to the ancient Greeks and Romans. Vitruvius thought that source of the Nile was in Mauritania, on the "other" (south) side of the Atlas Mountains. Various expeditions failed to determine th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile |
Demographic history of Palestine (region) | Prior to the Muslim conquest of Palestine (635–640), Palaestina Prima had a population of 700,000, of which around 100,000 were Jews and 30-80,000 were Samaritans, with the remainder being Chalcedonian and Miaphysite Christians.
The pace of conversion to Islam among the Christian, Jewish, and Samaritan communities in P... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Palestine_(region) |
Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces | Ayatollah Ali Khamenei (Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution and the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic, in Persian: فرمانده کل قوا, romanized: Fermāndeh-e Koll-e Qavā)
Brigadier General Mohammad-Reza Gharaei Ashtiani (امیر سرتیپ محمدرضا قرایی آشتیانی) (Minister of Defence)
Brigadier Gen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Armed_Forces |
List of biographies of Muhammad | Muhammad Sulaiman Mansoorpuri, Rahmatul-lil-Alameen (Mercy for Mankind) in Urdu, First published in 1911, 3 volumes.
Ashraf Ali Thanwi (1912), Nashr al-Tib fi Zikr al-Nabi al-Habib
Shafi Usmani (1925), Seerat Khatam al-Anbiya
Muhammad Husayn Haykal, The Life of Muhammad in Arabic, 1933; with English translation by Isma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_biographies_of_Muhammad |
Scribe | Ancient Rome had several occupations for which the ability to write accurately and clearly was the primary qualification. The English word “scribe” derives from the Latin word scriba, a public notary or clerk. The public scribae were the highest in rank of the four prestigious occupational grades (decuriae) among the a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scribe |
Islamic fundamentalism | The term "Islamic fundamentalism" has been criticized by Bernard Lewis, Khaled Abou El Fadl, Eli Berman, and John Esposito, among others. Many have proposed replacing it with another term, such as "puritanical", "Islamic revivalism" or "activism", and "radical Islam".
Lewis, a leading historian of Islam, believes that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism |
Gaza Strip | In 1984, former deputy mayor of Jerusalem, Meron Benvenisti, described Israeli policy in the occupied territories as motivated primarily by the notion that Palestinian claims to economic and political rights are illegitimate. He wrote that the economic policies stifle Palestinian economic development with the primary g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Strip |
Star Academy (Arabia) | The first season of Star Academy 1 made its debut in early December 2003. The first season ended on 4 April 2004. The winner was the Egyptian candidate, Mohammad Attia.
The inaugural show quickly became popular and tickets for the show became harder to get as the show went on. The students, particularly the Top 8, beca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Academy_(Arabia) |
Hizb ut-Tahrir | Hizb ut-Tahrir has been involved in a number of controversies in Australia but has been "clever at knowing how to be outrageous enough to get media attention but not get arrested", according to one observer (Greg Barton). Another observer (Irfan Yusuf) claims HT and anti-immigrant politicians "feed off each other's hys... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizb_ut-Tahrir |
Migrant workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council region | The GCC countries are among the top remittance sending countries in the world. In 2013, 23% of all remittances globally were sent from the GCC region. The total official value was estimated to be approximately US$90 billion. In 2016, Saudi Arabia was second on the list of remittance sending countries and other GCC memb... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migrant_workers_in_the_Gulf_Cooperation_Council_region |
Tribes of Yemen | He is the eldest son of Saba, and the brother of Kahlan, according to the reports, Although the Himyarites were the ones who overthrew Saba and Hadhramaut and united them into one state, there is no indication that Himyar were sons of Saba, as the ancient Sabaean texts mentioned them as "the son of a paternal uncle," a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribes_of_Yemen |
History of Islam | Late High Middle Ages
The Late Baghdad Abbasids reigned from the beginning of the Crusades to the Seventh Crusade. The first Caliph was Al-Mustazhir. He was politically irrelevant, despite civil strife at home and the First Crusade in Syria. Raymond IV of Toulouse attempted to attack Baghdad, losing at the Battle of M... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islam |
Western Libya campaign | The family of militiaman Firas al-Kikli claimed on 11 April 2019 that LNA forces took him prisoner and later killed him. Images of al-Kikli's mutilated body circulated on social media.
During 15–17 April 2019, rocket attacks using inaccurate technology occurred against three densely populated residential areas in and n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Libya_campaign |
Sargonid dynasty | After Sennacherib's murder, Esarhaddon first had to defeat his brothers Arda-Mulissu and Nabu-shar-usur in six weeks of civil war. Their betrayal deeply affected Esarhaddon, who would remain paranoid and distrustful, particularly of his male relatives, for the rest of his reign. Though the brothers who had betrayed him... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sargonid_dynasty |
Fakhr al-Din II | Information about the career of Fakhr al-Din after 1624 is limited due to the deaths of his main contemporary chroniclers and the increasing silence of known Ottoman government sources. Most information about his post-1624 years are provided by Duwayhi. The claim by the local 19th-century chroniclers Haydar al-Shihabi ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakhr_al-Din_II |
Muslim conquest of the Levant | After capturing Emesa, Khalid moved north to capture Northern Syria, using his cavalry as an advance guard and raiding force. At Shaizar, Khalid intercepted a convoy taking provisions for Chalcis. The prisoners were interrogated and informed him about Emperor Heraclius' ambitious plan to take back Syria with an army po... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_the_Levant |
Assyrian folk-pop music | Assyrian folk music is omnipresent in the village scene. A "musician" is not necessarily a professional, whoever can sing in any manner is considered a "singer". Most of the time, music is learned by ear and passed down as an oral tradition. Village music may be categorized, basically, into four groups: local secular m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assyrian_folk-pop_music |
Saif al-Islam Gaddafi | On 17 October 2011, after leaving Bani Walid, Saif's convoy was hit by a NATO air attack at Wadi Zamzam where he lost 26 of his supporters and 9 military vehicles. His right hand was wounded and according to his own explanation it happened during the NATO air strike. According to the Libyan Al Mashhad Al Leebi program,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saif_al-Islam_Gaddafi |
History of medieval Arabic and Western European domes | A large octagonal dome may have been part of the original concept for the cathedral of Florence by Arnolfo di Cambio, who started building the nave and aisles in 1296. It was only a few years after the city of Siena had decided to abandon the massive expansion and redesign of their cathedral in 1355 that Florence decid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_medieval_Arabic_and_Western_European_domes |
Baloch people | According to Baloch lore, their ancestors hail from Aleppo in what is now Syria. They claim to be descendants of Ameer Hamza, uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who settled in Halab (present-day Aleppo). After the fight against second Umayyad Caliph Yazid I at Karbala (in which Ameer Hamza's descendants supported a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baloch_people |
Second Intifada | The Taba Summit between Israel and the Palestinian Authority was held from 21 to 27 January 2001, at Taba in the Sinai peninsula. Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian President Yasser Arafat came closer to reaching a final settlement than any previous or subsequent peace talks yet ultimately failed to achi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Intifada |
Umayyad state of Córdoba | The early population of al-Andalus at the outset of Umayyad rule had several main constituents: Arabs, Berbers, indigenous converts to Islam, indigenous Christians, and Jews. The Andalusis of Arab origin were a minority but they had formed the ruling elites since the Muslim conquest in the early 8th century. Berbers, w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_state_of_C%C3%B3rdoba |
Kalam cosmological argument | The Kalam cosmological argument was influenced by the concept of the prime-mover, introduced by Aristotle. It originates in the works of theologian and philosopher John Philoponus (490–570 AD) and was developed substantially under the medieval Islamic scholastic tradition during the Islamic Golden Age. Important histor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalam_cosmological_argument |
Islamic philosophy | The Mu'tazili scientist and philosopher al-Jahiz (c. 776–869) was the only known medieval Arab philosopher to write on topics related to natural selection. Al-Jahiz's ideas on the struggle for existence in the Book of Animals have been summarized as follows:
Animals engage in a struggle for existence; for resources, t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_philosophy |
Oil well | Another way to classify oil wells is by their purpose in contributing to the development of a resource. They can be characterized as:
wildcat wells that are drilled where little or no known geological information is available. The site may have been selected because of wells drilled some distance from the proposed loc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_well |
Judgement Day in Islam | Arjomand, Saïd Amir (2000). "Origins and Development of Apocalypticism and Messianism in Early Islam: 610–750 CE". Oslo: Congress of the International Committee of the Historical Sciences.
Arjomand, Saïd Amir (2007). "The Concept of Mahdi in Sunni Islam". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. 14, Fasc. 2. Encyclopædia Iranica Fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judgement_Day_in_Islam |
2004 Summer Olympics | In the men's football group stage game where Serbia and Montenegro faced Tunisia, a penalty taken by Tunisia had to be retaken five times.
Greek sprinters Konstantinos Kenteris and Ekaterini Thanou withdraw from the games after allegedly staging a motorcycle accident in order to avoid a drug test.
The United Arab Emira... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympics |
Islam in Azerbaijan | In 1806, Azerbaijan became occupied by the Russian Empire as the latter invaded Qajar Iran during the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813). In the aftermath, Iran was forced to cede therefore almost all of Azerbaijan according to the Treaty of Gulistan of 1813 to Russia. However, all this only came to be confirmed in the afte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Azerbaijan |
M60 tank | Development
The program to develop the M60A1 was approved in early 1960 in conjunction with abandoning further development of the advanced composite armor and the closure of the T95 Medium Tank project. The first proof of concept attempt to mate a modified M60 hull with the T95E7 turret took place in March 1960. The tu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M60_tank |
Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon | Since the Cedar Revolution in 2005 and the withdrawal of the occupying Syrian forces from the country, the Lebanese political spectrum has been divided between the anti-Syrian government 14 March alliance and the pro-Syrian government 8 March alliance. The 14 March alliance, led by the mainly Sunni Muslim Future Moveme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon |
Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe | A number of technologies in the Islamic world were adopted in European medieval technology. These included various crops; various astronomical instruments, including the Greek astrolabe which Arab astronomers developed and refined into such instruments as the Quadrans Vetus, a universal horary quadrant which could be u... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_world_contributions_to_Medieval_Europe |
Barbary lion | Fossils of the Barbary lion dating to between 100,000 and 110,000 years were found in the cave of Bizmoune near Essaouira.
The Barbary lion lived in the mountains and deserts of the Maghreb of North Africa from Morocco to Egypt. It was eradicated following the spread of firearms and bounties for shooting lions.
Today, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbary_lion |
Timurid Empire | Persian literature, especially Persian poetry, occupied a central place in the process of assimilation of the Timurid elite to the Perso-Islamic courtly culture. The Timurid sultans, especially Shāh Rukh Mīrzā and his son Mohammad Taragai Oloğ Beg, patronized Persian culture. Among the most important literary works of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timurid_Empire |
Mumbai | Mumbai's culture offers a blend of traditional and cosmopolitan festivals, food, entertainment, and night life. The city's cosmopolitan and urban-centric modern cultural offerings are comparable to other world capitals. Mumbai bears the distinction of being the most cosmopolitan city of India. Its history as a major tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai |
Abrahamic religions | Christianity teaches Original Sin, the doctrine that humanity is inherently sinful since the fall of Adam. Accordingly, salvation from death, suffering, and evil, the consequence of mankind's sinful nature, can only be brought by Death and Resurrection of Jesus
Since humans obeyed the Devil by committing sin, accordin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrahamic_religions |
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces | In its statement the Council indicated that it intended to suspend emergency laws that had been in effect for three decades, move towards free and fair presidential elections, and provide for a safe transition to a free democratic order. One of their first actions was to dissolve the Parliament of Egypt, suspend the Co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Council_of_the_Armed_Forces |
Bimaristan | Although surgical developments and advancements made in the medieval Islamic period are of extreme importance, the largest and most wholesome contribution to the medical world stemming from Islamic medicine and hospitals came from the Baghdad firmament from Ibn Sina, or "Avicenna" in the West. Ibn Sina, who had already... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimaristan |
Climate change in Jordan | Jordan's Second National Communication suggests that the rising temperatures will lead to a decrease in surface runoff at least in the two river basins Zarqa and Yarmouk which were chosen as pilot study areas. If the temperature rises by 2 °C, even an increase in precipitation by 20% would not compensate the increase i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_Jordan |
Occupation of Iraq (2003–2011) | The Fallujah offensive Operation Vigilant Resolve was launched on 5 April 2004 in response to 31 March murder and mutilation of four of Blackwater's employees. Roads leading into and out of the city were closed. When the US Soldiers and Marines tried to enter, fierce fighting erupted. Members of the Iraqi insurgency op... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupation_of_Iraq_(2003%E2%80%932011) |
Sunni Islam | There is broad agreement that the Sufis are also part of Sunnism. This view can already be found in the Shafi'ite scholar Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi (d. 1037). In his heresiographical work al-Farq baina l-firaq he divided the Sunnis into eight different categories (aṣnāf) of people: 1. the theologians and Kalam Scholars,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islam |
Abd Allah ibn Saba' | According to M. G. S. Hodgson, "surer sources" than Tabari and Sayf ibn Umar seem to exclude Ibn Sabaʾ from playing any major role in the political events that led to Uthman's killing.
Wilferd Madelung after reviewing the accounts of Sayf ibn Umar on the alleged role of Abd Allah ibn Saba' in the rebellion against Uthm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Saba%27 |
Sufism | Sufi mysticism has long exercised a fascination upon the Western world, and especially its Orientalist scholars. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, European orientalists treated Sufism and Islam as distinct subjects, leading to "an over-emphasis on the translation of classical Sufi mystical literature" in the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufism |
Tangier | Due to its Christian past before the Muslim conquest, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. Originally, the city was part of the larger Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis, which included much of North Africa. Later the area was subdivided, with the eastern part keeping the former name and the ne... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangier |
Caliphate | With the exception of Zaidis, Shi'ites believe in the Imamate, a principle by which rulers are imams who are divinely chosen, infallible and sinless and must come from the Ahl al-Bayt regardless of majority opinion, shura or election. They claim that before his death, Muhammad had given many indications, in the hadith ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate |
Cradle of civilization | One of the earliest Neolithic sites in the Indian subcontinent is Bhirrana along the ancient Ghaggar-Hakra riverine system in the present day state of Haryana in India, dating to around 7600 BC. Other early sites include Lahuradewa in the Middle Ganges region and Jhusi near the confluence of Ganges and Yamuna rivers, b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_of_civilization |
The Guide for the Perplexed | The original version of the Guide was written in Judaeo-Arabic. The first Hebrew translation (titled Moreh HaNevukhim) was written in 1204 by a contemporary of Maimonides, Samuel ben Judah ibn Tibbon in southern France. This Hebrew edition has been used for many centuries. A new, modern edition of this translation was ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guide_for_the_Perplexed |
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps | Mehdi Khalaji of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy argues that the IRGC is "the spine of the current political structure and a major player in the Iranian economy." The once theocratic state has evolved into a garrison state, like Burma, whereby the military dominates social, cultural, political, and econom... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps |
Religion in Egypt | It is difficult to quantify the number of atheist or agnostic Egyptians due to the persecution by the religious establishments, and its resulting social stigma against publicly identifying as non-religious, along with a lack of official statistics. Public statements deemed critical of Islam or Christianity can be tried... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Egypt |
Jizya | The history of the origins of the jizya is very complex for the following reasons:
Abbasid authors who systematized earlier historical writings in which the term jizya was used with different meanings interpreted it according to the usage common in their own time.
The system established by the Arab conquest was not un... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jizya |
Middle Ages | Cathedral chapters were expected to operate a school beginning in the late 11th century, and the more-lenient cathedral schools quickly marginalised the traditional monastic schools. Schools reaching the highest level of mastery in the disciplines they taught received the rank of studium generale, or university, from t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Ages |
Iran–Iraq relations | Since the Ottoman–Persian Wars of the 16th and 17th centuries, Iran (known as "Persia" prior to 1935) and the Ottomans fought over Iraq (then known as Mesopotamia) and full control of the Shatt al-Arab until the signing of the Treaty of Zuhab in 1639 which established the final borders between the two countries.: 4 Th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_relations |
Traditionalism (perennialism) | According to the members of the Traditionalist School, also known as the Perennialist School, all major world religions are founded upon common primordial and universal metaphysical truths. The perspective of its authors is often referred to as philosophia perennis (perennial philosophy), which is both "absolute Truth ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditionalism_(perennialism) |
Bashar al-Assad | The secular resistance to Assad rule is mainly represented by the Syrian National Council and National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces, two political bodies that constitute a coalition of centre-left and right-wing conservative factions of the Syrian opposition. Military commanders and civilian ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad |
Black Death | Plague was reportedly first introduced to Europe via Genoese traders from their port city of Kaffa in the Crimea in 1347. During a protracted siege of the city in 1345–1346, the Mongol Golden Horde army of Jani Beg—whose mainly Tatar troops were suffering from the disease—catapulted infected corpses over the city walls... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death |
Perpetual Maritime Truce | In 1829, a series of long-running conflicts broke out between Abu Dhabi and its northern neighbours, principally involving Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah and later the newly secessionist town of Dubai. These culminated in a blockade of Abu Dhabi by the Rulers of Ras Al Khaimah, Ajman and Lingeh in 1833. A short-lived peace... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_Maritime_Truce |
Sheikh Hamdullah | Sheikh Hamdullah was born in Amasya, a north-central town in Anatolia. His father, Mustafa Dede, was a Sheik of the Suhrawardi order, and had migrated from Bukhara (in present-day Uzbekistan) to Anatolia.
In Amasya, he studied the six scripts under the tutelage of Hayreddin Mar'asi. He learned the traditional method o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Hamdullah |
Gaza War (2008–2009) | Hamas used the months leading to the war to prepare for urban warfare, which was to give them a chance to inflict casualties on the Israeli military. Militants booby-trapped houses and buildings and built an extensive system of tunnels in preparation for combat. A Hamas fighter reported that the group had prepared a tu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009) |
Islamophobia | The extent of negative attitudes towards Muslims varies across different parts of Europe. Polls in Germany and the Czech Republic (as well as South Korea) have suggested that most respondents do not welcome Muslim refugees in those countries.
A 2017 Chatham House poll of more than 10,000 people in 10 European countries... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamophobia |
Raqqa | Somewhat to the west of Raqqa proper was al-Rāfiqah, which had horseshoe-shaped walls. Al-Rafiqah represents the location of present-day Raqqa; at some point the main center shifted here. The earliest evidence for this shift is a Fatimid dinar minted at Raqqa in 1010–11, which uses the name Raqqa rather than the offici... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raqqa |
Kingdom of Hadhramaut | In the late 7th century BCE, Ḥaḍramawt and the nearby kingdom of Qatabān were initially allies of the king Karibʾil Watar of the neighbouring kingdom of Sabaʾ, but by the 6th century BCE, Ḥaḍramawt and Qatabān had come under the control of Sabaʾ.
After Ḥaḍramawt and Qatabān regained their independence from Sabaʾ in the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hadhramaut |
Christian denomination | Each group uses different terminology to discuss their beliefs. This section will discuss the definitions of several terms used throughout the article, before discussing the beliefs themselves in detail in following sections.
A denomination within Christianity can be defined as a "recognized autonomous branch of the Ch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_denomination |
Young Turk Revolution | 24 July 1908 started the Ottoman Empire's Second Constitution Era. There after, a number of decrees are issued, which defined freedom of speech, press and organizations, the dismantlement of intelligence agencies, and a general amnesty to political prisoners. Importantly, the CUP did not overthrow the government and no... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Turk_Revolution |
Astrology | In the seventh century, Isidore of Seville argued in his Etymologiae that astronomy described the movements of the heavens, while astrology had two parts: one was scientific, describing the movements of the Sun, the Moon and the stars, while the other, making predictions, was theologically erroneous.
The first astrolog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrology |
Husayn ibn Ali | Shi'a Muslims consider pilgrimages to Husayn's tomb to be a source of divine blessings and rewards. According to Shi'a tradition the first such visit was performed by Husayn's son Ali al-Sajjad and the surviving family members during their return from Syria to Medina. The first historically recorded visit is Sulayman i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali |
International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism by region | Salafi proselytising has been particularly successful in the ex-Soviet Muslim-majority areas such as Dagestan and Chechnya for a number of reasons, according to Robert Bruce Ware.
Salafi funding, institutions, and missionaries are particularly useful because they fill the gap left by the collapse of the USSR, where tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_propagation_of_Salafism_and_Wahhabism_by_region |
Al Anbar Governorate | The geographic challenge of the Anbar Governorate is demonstrated by two contrasting facts: while it is Iraq's largest governorate, it also is the most sparsely populated. For a governorate that is approximately the size of Bangladesh, it is home to fewer than 1.8 million Iraqis. Most of the population lives in the maj... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Anbar_Governorate |
Bengali literature | The first Bangla books to be printed were written by Christian missionaries. were those by Christian missionaries. dom antonio's Brahmin-Roman-Catholic-Sambad, for example, was the first Bangla book to be printed towards the end of the 17th century. Bangla writing was further developed as Bengali scholars wrote textboo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_literature |
Persian language | New Persian texts written in the Arabic script first appear in the 9th-century. The language is a direct descendant of Middle Persian, the official, religious, and literary language of the Sasanian Empire (224–651). However, it is not descended from the literary form of Middle Persian (known as pārsīk, commonly called ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language |
Armenians in Lebanon | The Holy See of Cilicia is located in Antelias (a northern suburb of Beirut). It was relocated there in 1930 from Sis (historical Cilicia, now in Turkey) after the Armenian genocide. Alongside the Mother See of Holy Echmiadzin located in Armenia, it is one of the two sees of the Armenian Apostolic Church (the national... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenians_in_Lebanon |
Farhud | In 1941 a group of pro-Nazi Iraqi officers, known as the "Golden Square" and led by General Rashid Ali, overthrew Regent Abdul Ilah on April 1 after staging a successful coup. The coup had significant popular support, particularly in Baghdad. Historian Orit Bashkin writes that "All, apparently, yearned for the departur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farhud |
Criticism of hadith | Once (authentic) hadith had attained their elevated status among the group inspired by al-Shafi'i who sought to establish Islamic practice on the basis of the Sunnah (Muhammad's deeds and sayings), the focus shifted amongst advocates of this group (who were called the ahl al-sunnah, or the "People of the Sunnah") to de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_hadith |
Morisco | At the instigation of the Duke of Lerma and the Viceroy of Valencia, Archbishop Juan de Ribera, Philip III expelled the Moriscos from Spain between 1609 (Aragon) and 1614 (Castile). They were ordered to depart "under the pain of death and confiscation, without trial or sentence... to take with them no money, bullion, j... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morisco |
United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority | Following the Roadmap for Peace Agreement (Roadmap) arranged by President George W. Bush's administration, U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice oversaw the creation of the United States Security Coordinator (USSC) team with the intent to assist the new PA President Mahmoud Abbas in reforming the Palestinian securit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_security_assistance_to_the_Palestinian_National_Authority |
Science | Scientific research involves using the scientific method, which seeks to objectively explain the events of nature in a reproducible way. Scientists usually take for granted a set of basic assumptions that are needed to justify the scientific method: there is an objective reality shared by all rational observers; this o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science |
Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine | In the early morning hours of March 31, Lehi carried out the most devastating attack on the oil industry of the campaign. Two bombs were detonated in the Haifa oil refinery, causing the facility to burst into flames. The oil tanks burned uncontrollably for nearly three weeks, with the fires only coming under control on... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_insurgency_in_Mandatory_Palestine |
Morisco | Spain's Morisco population was the last population who self-identified and traced its roots to the various waves of Muslim conquerors from North Africa. Historians generally agree that, at the height of Muslim rule, Muladis or Muslims of pre-Islamic Iberian origin were likely to constitute the large majority of Muslims... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morisco |
Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction | Crossed by Garth Ennis is set in a post-apocalyptic world in which a bodily fluid-borne virus has destroyed civilization. Carriers of the virus develop a cross-shaped rash on their faces and act without inhibitions, raping, killing and torturing the few remaining uninfected humans.
Y: The Last Man by Brian K. Vaughan a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apocalyptic_and_post-apocalyptic_fiction |
Criticism of the Quran | Critical research of historic events and timeliness of eyewitness accounts reveal the effort of later traditionalists to consciously promote, for nationalistic purposes, the centrist concept of Mecca and prophetic descent from Ismail, in order to grant a Hijazi orientation to the emerging religious identity of Islam:
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran |
Egyptian Revival architecture | Many notable works in Britain featured attempts by architects to translate and depict messages in Egyptian hieroglyphs. Although sincere attempts at compositions, understanding of hieroglyphic syntax and semantics has advanced since they were built and errors have been discovered in many of these works. Although both p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Revival_architecture |
Ptolemaic Kingdom | Ptolemy III Euergetes ("the Benefactor") succeeded his father in 246 BC. He abandoned his predecessors' policy of keeping out of the wars of the other Macedonian successor kingdoms, and began the Third Syrian War (246–241 BC) with the Seleucid Empire when his sister, Queen Berenice, and her son were murdered in a dynas... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom |
Mohamed Naguib | On 23 July 1952 at about 1 am, the Free Officers launched the revolution with a coup d'état to depose King Farouk. Naguib was immediately appointed as Commander in Chief of the Army in order to keep the loyalty of the Armed Forces firmly behind the Revolution. His celebrated status as a hero of the 1948 Arab–Israeli Wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Naguib |
Iraqi Turkmen | The Iraqi Turkmen primarily inhabit northern Iraq, in a region they refer to as "Turkmeneli" which stretches from the northwest to the east at the middle of Iraq. Iraqi Turkmen consider their capital city to be Kirkuk. Liam Anderson and Gareth Stansfield describe the Turkmeneli region as follows:
...what Turkmens ref... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Turkmen |
Israel | Early references to "Canaanites" and "Canaan" appear in Near Eastern and Egyptian texts (c. 2000 BCE); these populations were structured as politically independent city-states. During the Late Bronze Age (1550–1200 BCE), large parts of Canaan formed vassal states of the New Kingdom of Egypt. As a result of the Late Bro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel |
Ayyubid dynasty | Saladin structured the Ayyubid empire around the concept of collective sovereignty i.e. a confederation of principalities held together by the idea of family rule. Under this arrangement there existed numerous "petty sultans" while one family member, as-Sultan al-Mu'azzam, reigned supreme. After the death of Saladin, t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty |
Fula people | There are no particular outfits for all Fulani sub-groups; dressing and clothing accessories such as ornaments mostly depend on the particular region. The traditional dress of the Fulbe Wodaabe consists of long colourful flowing robes, modestly embroidered or otherwise decorated. In the Futa Jallon highlands of central... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_people |
Tahar Ben Jelloun | Ben Jelloun's 1985 novel L’Enfant de Sable (translated as The Sand Child) brought widespread attention. In 1987, he received the Prix Goncourt for his novel La Nuit Sacrée (The Sacred Night), which made him the first Maghreb author to receive the award.
His 1996 novel Les raisins de la galère (The Fruits of Hard Work) ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahar_Ben_Jelloun |
Iron Age | Early evidence for iron technology in Sub-Saharan Africa can be found at sites such as KM2 and KM3 in northwest Tanzania and parts of Nigeria and the Central African Republic. Nubia was one of the relatively few places in Africa to have a sustained Bronze Age along with Egypt and much of the rest of North Africa.
Archa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Age |
Najdi Arabic | Najdi Arabic exhibits a number of discourse particles whose main function is to mark different tenses and aspects, including the perfective, imperfective, and progressive aspects. These speech particles "form a link between the time of occurrence of the verb and a point of reference not concurrent with it". cites six ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Najdi_Arabic |
Islamic banking and finance | While profit-loss-sharing modes (or at least mudarabah), were originally envisioned as "the basis of a riba-free banking" – with fixed-return financial models only filling in as supplements – a number of studies, (of banks in Saudi Arabia and Egypt, Malaysia, and of large Islamic banks in general) have shown fixed-retu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_banking_and_finance |
Darfur | A pattern of skewed economic development continued after Sudan achieved political independence in 1956. The governor at the time of independence was Ali Abdallah Abu Sinn, who had joined the civil service in 1923 and served in Darfur since 1946. In August 1958 he was succeeded by Ahmad Makki Abdo, who remained in power... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darfur |
Huni | Huni is not a well attested pharaoh; most of the attestations only point indirectly to him. There are only two contemporary objects with his name.
The first one is a conical stele made of red granite, discovered in 1909 on the island of Elephantine. The object is 62.99 inches (160.0 cm) long, 27.16 inches (69.0 cm) thi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huni |
Jury | Spain has no strong tradition of using juries. However, there is some mentions in the Bayonne Statute of 1808. Later, Article 307 of the Spanish Constitution of 1812 allowed the Cortes to pass legislation if they felt that over the time it was needed to distinguish between "judges of law" and "judges of facts". Such le... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury |
African Union Mission to Somalia | In a closed door meeting in Kampala on 22 July 2010, AU ministers agreed to expand the mission's mandate from a peacekeeping focus to a peace-enforcement focus that would engage al-Shabaab more directly. The decision came soon after deadly bomb attacks in the Ugandan capital. A few days later in response to UN pressu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Union_Mission_to_Somalia |
Akkadian Empire | The Bible refers to Akkad in Genesis 10:10–12, which states:
"The beginning of his Nimrod's kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. Out of that land he went forth into Assyria, and built Nineveh, and Rehoboth-Ir, and Calah, and Resen between Nineveh and Calah (the same is the great ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkadian_Empire |
Kashta | While Kashta ruled Nubia from Napata, which is 400 km north of Khartoum, the modern capital of Sudan, he also exercised a strong degree of control over Upper Egypt by managing to install his daughter, Amenirdis I, as the presumptive God's Wife of Amun in Thebes in line to succeed the serving Divine Adoratrice of Amun, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashta |
Kadashman-Enlil II | In the first place the Hittite king, Ḫattušili III, wrote to Itti-Marduk-balatu (“With-Marduk-[there is]-Life”) to reestablish relations with Kadašman-Turgu's successor, because “my brother (Kadašman-Enlil) was a child in those days, and they did not read out the tablets in your presence.” Itti-Marduk-balatu seems to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadashman-Enlil_II |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.