title stringlengths 2 79 | passage stringlengths 2.2k 39.3k | link stringlengths 32 109 |
|---|---|---|
Al Jazeera Arabic | Al Mayadeen is a pan-Arabist satellite television channel supported by the Islamic Republic of Iran. It was launched on 11 June 2012 in Lebanon. The channel, claims Gulf-supported media, aims at reducing the influence of the Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya networks, both funded by oil-rich Sunni Arab countries in the Persian... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Arabic |
Arab wedding | Arranged marriage prevails in the Arab world, as it does in the Indian subcontinent, and in most of East Asia. The traditions of these societies forbid premarital sex as well as socializing between men and women before marriage. In these societies, when a young woman is considered old enough to be married, her family w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_wedding |
Republic of Sudan (1985–2019) | From the early 1990s, after al-Bashir assumed power, Sudan backed Iraq in its invasion of Kuwait and was accused of harboring and providing sanctuary and assistance to Islamic terrorist groups. Carlos the Jackal, Osama bin Laden, Abu Nidal and others labeled "terrorist leaders" by the United States and its allies resid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Sudan_(1985%E2%80%932019) |
Historiography | French philosophe Voltaire (1694–1778) had an enormous influence on the development of historiography during the Age of Enlightenment through his demonstration of fresh new ways to look at the past. Guillaume de Syon argues:
Voltaire recast historiography in both factual and analytical terms. Not only did he reject tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiography |
Elamite language | The history of Elamite is periodised as follows:
Old Elamite (c. 2600–1500 BC)
Middle Elamite (c. 1500–1000 BC)
Neo-Elamite (1000–550 BC)
Achaemenid Elamite (550–330 BC)
Late Elamite?
Khuzi? (Unknown – 1000 AD)
Middle Elamite is considered the “classical” period of Elamite, but the best attested variety is Achaemenid ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elamite_language |
Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia | The vast majority of Saudi Arabia's military equipment is imported from the Western world. The United States sold more than $80 billion in military hardware between 1951 and 2006 to the Saudi military. 2013 saw Saudi military spending climb to $67bn, overtaking that of the UK, France and Japan to place fourth globally... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Saudi_Arabia |
Mass sexual assault in Egypt | According to a 2008 survey by the Egyptian Center for Women's Rights, 83% of Egyptian women said they had experienced sexual harassment, as did 98% of women from overseas while in Egypt.: 16 A 2013 study in Egypt by UN Women found that 99.3% of female respondents said they had been sexually harassed.
The first jail se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_sexual_assault_in_Egypt |
Kish (Sumer) | The Sumerian King List (SKL) states that Kish was the first city to have kings following the deluge. The 1st dynasty of Kish begins with Ĝushur. Ĝushur's successor is called Kullassina-bel, but this is actually a sentence in Akkadian meaning "All of them were lord". Thus, some scholars have suggested that this may have... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kish_(Sumer) |
United Arab Emirates | The United Arab Emirates is a federal constitutional monarchy made up from a federation of seven hereditary tribal monarchy-styled political units called Sheikhdoms. It is governed by a Federal Supreme Council made up of the ruling Sheikhs of Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Fujairah, Sharjah, Dubai, Ras Al Khaimah and Umm Al Quwain.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates |
Al-Mu'tadid | Bianquis, Thierry (1998). "Autonomous Egypt from Ibn Ṭūlūn to Kāfūr, 868–969". In Petry, Carl F. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Egypt, Volume 1: Islamic Egypt, 640–1517. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 86–119. ISBN 0-521-47137-0.
Bonner, Michael (2010). "The waning of empire, 861–945". In Robinson, Chase F.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mu%27tadid |
Bahrain administrative reforms of the 1920s | On 12 May, the third day of riots in Manama, Ibn Saud advanced to Hofuf, near Bahrain. On the same day, Al Dawasir attacked A'ali village and Al Khawalid attacked Sitra, both Baharnah villages. The raids resulted in 12 people killed, dozens wounded and women raped. On 15 May, Knox arrived in Bahrain in two gunships. He... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain_administrative_reforms_of_the_1920s |
Nabataeans | Petra was rapidly built in the 1st century BCE, and developed a population estimated at 20,000.
The Nabataeans were allies of the first Hasmoneans in their struggles against the Seleucid monarchs. They then became rivals of the Judaean dynasty, and a chief element in the disorders that invited Pompey's intervention in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabataeans |
Gaza War (2008–2009) | On the evening of 3 January, Israel began the ground operation with a massive artillery barrage all along the Gaza boundary, and ground forces were sent into Gaza for the first time since the start of the conflict. The ground invasion, termed the 'second stage' of Operation Cast Lead, sought to control open areas and e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009) |
Druze | Al-Hakim disappeared one night while on his evening ride—presumably assassinated, perhaps at the behest of his formidable elder sister Sitt al-Mulk. The Druze believe he went into Occultation with Hamza ibn Ali and three other prominent preachers, leaving the care of the "Unitarian missionary movement" to a new leader,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druze |
International sanctions against Iraq | Estimates of excess deaths during the sanctions vary widely, use different methodologies and cover different time frames. The figure of 500,000 child deaths was for a long period widely cited, but recent research has suggested that that figure was the result of survey data manipulated by the Saddam Hussein regime and t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_sanctions_against_Iraq |
Thutmose III | Thutmose III's mummy was discovered in the Deir el-Bahri Cache above the Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut in 1881. He was interred along with those of other 18th and 19th Dynasty leaders Ahmose I, Amenhotep I, Thutmose I, Thutmose II, Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II and Ramesses IX, as well as the 21st Dynasty pharaohs Pi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thutmose_III |
Persian literature | Persian literature in Afghanistan has also experienced a dramatic change during the last century. At the beginning of the 20th century, Afghanistan was confronted with economic and social change, which sparked a new approach to literature. In 1911, Mahmud Tarzi, who came back to Afghanistan after years of exile in Turk... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_literature |
Wahhabism | According to ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab; there are three objectives for Islamic government and society: "to believe in Allah, enjoin good behavior, and forbid wrongdoing". This doctrine has been sustained in missionary literature, sermons, fatwa rulings, and explications of religious doctrine by Wahhabis since the death of ibn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahhabism |
Khobar | In March 2019, the Sharqiah Season, part of the Saudi Seasons initiative, attracted an estimated 730,000 visitors to multiple cities in the Eastern Province including Khobar under the supervision of the General Authority for Entertainment, with 83 events held across 17 days in 9 cities, celebrating the country's divers... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khobar |
Sudan | The Kingdom of Kush was an ancient Nubian state centred on the confluences of the Blue Nile and White Nile, and the Atbarah River and the Nile River. It was established after the Bronze Age collapse and the disintegration of the New Kingdom of Egypt; it was centred at Napata in its early phase.
After King Kashta ("the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan |
Islam in the United States | The household income levels of American Muslims are about as evenly distributed as the general American population.
When it comes to education, the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding reported in 2017 that across the board, American Muslims, Protestants, and Catholics have similar education levels. It has als... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_States |
Alavi Bohras | During the time of 18th Fatimid Imam Al-Mustansir Billah and his son, 19th Fatimid Imam Al-Musta'li, four important personalities strengthened the foundation of Fatimid Da’wat in Yemen. They were Saiyedna ‘Ali bin Muhammad as-Sulayhi, Saiyedna Ahmad al-Mukarram, Saiyedatona Hurrat ul-Malekah Arwaa binte Ahmad and Saiye... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alavi_Bohras |
Louis Massignon | In 1907, he was sent on an archeological mission to Mesopotamia. In Baghdad he was the guest of the great Muslim family of the Alusi, who introduced him to the brand of Arab hospitality he was to honour throughout his life. It was the Alusi who saved him from a very dangerous situation in the desert when in 1908—during... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Massignon |
Al-Farabi | As a philosopher, al-Farabi was a founder of his own school of early Islamic philosophy known as "Farabism" or "Alfarabism", though it was later overshadowed by Avicennism. Al-Farabi's school of philosophy "breaks with the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle [... and ...] moves from metaphysics to methodology, a move tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Farabi |
Piracy | A privateer or corsair used similar methods to a pirate, but acted under orders of the state while in possession of a commission or letter of marque and reprisal from a government or monarch authorizing the capture of merchant ships belonging to an enemy nation. For example, the United States Constitution of 1787 speci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piracy |
Bedouin | Most of the Bedouin tribes migrated from the Arabian Peninsula to what is Jordan today between the 14th and 18th centuries. They are often referred to as a backbone of the Kingdom, since Bedouin clans traditionally support the monarchy.
Most of Jordan's Bedouin live in the vast wasteland that extends east from the Dese... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedouin |
Mehmed VI | Mehmed Vahdeddin succeeded to the throne after the death of his half-brother, and took the name of Mehmed VI, on 3 July 1918. He held his Cülûs (enthronement ceremony) the day after. Instead of commissioning his own anthem he signed an edict making his grandfather Mahmud II's anthem as the official national anthem of t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmed_VI |
Honor killing | Legal frameworks can encourage honor killings. Such laws include on one side leniency towards such murdering, and on the other side criminalization of various behaviors, such as extramarital sex, "indecent" dressing in public places, or homosexual sexual acts, with these laws acting as a way of reassuring perpetrators ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor_killing |
Patriotic Union of Kurdistan | The PUK traces its political heritage to Sulaymaniyah native Ibrahim Ahmad. After the collapse of the Soviet-backed Kurdish Mahabad Republic in Iran in early 1947, Ibrahim Ahmad, previously the Sulaymaniyah representative of the Iranian KDP (KDP-I), joined the newly formed Iraqi KDP. Ahmad was a highly influential left... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriotic_Union_of_Kurdistan |
Yemeni civil war (2014–present) | Yemen is facing one of the world's worst Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) crises. The lack of governance has left Yemen without a viable water supply. Poor sanitation and the lack of clean water has had a deteriorating effect on the health of Yemenis, which is apparent through the increasing cases of cholera in Ye... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present) |
Roman Empire | In Roman tradition, borrowed from the Greeks, literary theatre was performed by all-male troupes that used face masks with exaggerated facial expressions to portray emotion. Female roles were played by men in drag (travesti). Roman literary theatre tradition is represented in Latin literature by the tragedies of Seneca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire |
Israel–Hamas war | On 6 June, Israel bombed a UN-run school sheltering displaced people in the Nuseirat refugee camp in central Gaza, killing dozens of Palestinians. Two days later, Israel conducted an attack on Nuseirat refugee camp which resulted in the rescue of four hostages, where the United States provided advice and intelligence t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war |
2011–2012 Moroccan protests | On 27 May, tens of thousands of Moroccans took to the streets of Casablanca protesting against the government's alleged failure to tackle unemployment and other social woes, accusing Prime Minister Abdelilah Benkirane of failing to deliver promised reforms.
On 22 July, hundreds of protesters led by 20 February Youth Mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Moroccan_protests |
Henry Corbin | Corbin's ideas have continued through colleagues, students and others influenced by his work. Especially during his tenure at the Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy founded in 1974 by Seyyed Hossein Nasr. There he collaborated with western and non-western academics like William Chittick, Toshihiko Izutsu, Sayyed Ja... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Corbin |
Sanaa | Before the revolution of 1962, Sanaani society was divided into a fairly well-defined hierarchy of social classes. There were five major groups: ranked from highest to lowest, they were the sayyids, the qadis, the mansibs (plural: manasib), the Bani Khumis (also called the muzayyin), and the akhdam. Since then, the sys... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanaa |
Dhofar Governorate | The Dhofar Governorate, situated in the western extremity of Oman's territories, is enclosed by the Indian Ocean on its southern side and by the Dhofar Mountains, a semi-circular formation of mountains running into the sea at Ras Hamar and Mirbat, which shut it off from the mountains and deserts to the north, east and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhofar_Governorate |
Arab Kingdom of Syria | These events in Europe led Syrian nationalist societies like al-Fatat (the Young Arab Society) to make preparations for a national congress. These Syrian nationalist societies advocated complete independence for an Arab Kingdom that united Arabs under Faisal. The King–Crane Commission encouraged efforts to unify, and h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Kingdom_of_Syria |
Sasanian Empire | Some scholars of Zoroastrianism such as Mary Boyce have speculated that it is possible that the yasna service was lengthened during the Sassanid era "to increase its impressiveness". This appears to have been done by joining the Gathic Staota Yesnya with the haoma ceremony. Furthermore, it is believed that another long... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanian_Empire |
Human rights in the State of Palestine | In November 2006, 50 Palestinian women responded to a Hamas radio appeal to act as human shields between Israeli soldiers and Palestinian gunmen hiding in a Gaza mosque. Women acted as a cover against Israeli troops allowing armed men occupying the Mosque to escape. 2 of these women were killed by Israeli forces. In t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_State_of_Palestine |
Saad Hariri | After the resignation of Diab, Hariri and the Prime Ministers' club favored the Lebanese ambassador to Germany Mustapha Adib to be the next prime minister. Although he was appointed after being nominated by 90 of 120 MPs on 30 August, he stepped down three weeks later after failing to form a new cabinet.
On 8 October, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saad_Hariri |
Moroccan architecture | The Treaty of Fes established the French Protectorate in 1912. The French resident general Hubert Lyautey appointed Henri Prost to oversee the urban development of cities under his control. One important policy with long-term consequences was the decision to largely forego redevelopment of existing historic cities and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccan_architecture |
Rabaa massacre | Mostafa Hegazy, a spokesperson for Egypt's interim government, said: "We're not into the effort of dissolving anyone – or preventing anyone from being active in the public domain, but we're trying to make sure that everyone is legalised according to what the Egyptian law says..." He added that the country was facing a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabaa_massacre |
Gulf War | In coalition-occupied Iraqi territory, a peace conference was held where a ceasefire agreement was negotiated and signed by both sides. At the conference, Iraq was authorized to fly armed helicopters on their side of the temporary border, ostensibly for government transit due to the damage done to civilian infrastructu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War |
Hadrian | Publius Aelius Hadrianus was born on 24 January 76, in Italica (modern Santiponce, near Seville), a Roman town founded by Italic settlers in the province of Hispania Baetica during the Second Punic War at the initiative of Scipio Africanus; Hadrian's branch of the gens Aelia came from Hadria (modern Atri), an ancient t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian |
Imamate in Shia doctrine | Sunnis reject the doctrine of Imamate on the basis of their interpretation of verse 33:40 of the Qur'an which says that Muhammad, as the seal of the Prophets, "is not the father of any of your men"; and that is why God let Muhammad's sons die in infancy. This is why Muhammad did not nominate a successor, as he wanted t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imamate_in_Shia_doctrine |
Israeli cuisine | There is a strong coffee-drinking culture in Israel. Coffee is prepared as instant (nes), iced, latte (hafuḥ), Italian-style espresso, or Turkish coffee, which is sometimes flavored with cardamom (hel). Jewish writers, artists, and musicians from Germany and Austria who immigrated to Israel before the Second World War ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_cuisine |
Al-Fudayl ibn Iyad | A number of birthplaces have been attributed to Fuḍayl, including Samarkand, Merv, Mosul and Balkh.
The nisbah of at-Tamīmī signifies Fuḍayl's belonging to the Arab tribe of Banu Tamim and the nisbah of al-Khurāsānī signifies that he was from Khurasan; meaning he is most likely identified as a Persian of Arab-descent o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Fudayl_ibn_Iyad |
Irgun | The Irgun began a militant operation against the symbols of government, in an attempt to harm the regime's operation as well as its reputation. The first attack was on February 12, 1944, at the government immigration offices, a symbol of the immigration laws. The attacks went smoothly and ended with no casualties – as ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irgun |
Salafi movement | Wiktorowicz's typology has largely been discarded by recent scholarship due to its simplistic assumptions regarding religion, in addition to other limitations, such as its neglect of the changing social, political and cultural realities occurring across the Muslim World. Several researchers have criticised the classifi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salafi_movement |
Salmaniya Medical Complex | Beginning in February 2011, Bahrain saw sustained pro-democracy protests, centered at Pearl Roundabout in the capital of Manama, as part of the wider Arab Spring. Authorities responded with a night raid on 17 February (later referred to by protesters as Bloody Thursday), which left four protesters dead and more than 30... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmaniya_Medical_Complex |
Israeli settlement | According to Israeli government estimates, $230 million worth of settler goods including fruit, vegetables, cosmetics, textiles and toys are exported to the EU each year, accounting for approximately 2% of all Israeli exports to Europe. A 2013 report of Profundo revealed that at least 38 Dutch companies imported settle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_settlement |
Mohamed Bouazizi | Bouazizi's actions triggered a number of self-immolations, in protests emulating his own, in several other countries in the Greater Middle East and Europe. In Algeria in particular, protests against rising food prices and spreading unemployment have resulted in many self-immolations. The first reported case following B... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Bouazizi |
Palestinian traditional costumes | The women in each region had their distinctive headdress. The women embellished their headdresses with gold and silver coins from their bridewealth money. The more coins, the greater the wealth and prestige of the owner (Stillman, p. 38);
ShaṭwehClothes, [1] Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, [2] Archived 200... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_traditional_costumes |
Islamic feminism | "Islamic feminism" as a concept has been heavily scrutinized and criticized by more secular-minded feminists, including Muslim ones. Iranian feminist Mahnaz Afkhami, for example, stated the following about secular Muslim feminists like herself:
"Our difference with Islamic feminists is that we don’t try to fit feminism... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_feminism |
Roman Syria | Syria was annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC, when Pompey the Great had the Seleucid king Antiochus XIII Asiaticus executed and deposed his successor Philip II Philoromaeus. Pompey appointed Marcus Aemilius Scaurus to the post of governor of Syria.
Following the fall of the Roman Republic and its transformation int... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Syria |
Tigray War | In late August 2022, after months of ceasefire, fighting resumed. Both sides blamed each other for initiating the fighting, and both also expressed frustration "for a lack of progress towards negotiations to end the 21-month conflict." The fighting itself concentrated in the border area connecting Tigray, Amhara and Af... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigray_War |
Sudanese revolution | On the evening of 12 April, the head of the Transitional Military Council in Sudan, Awad Ibn Auf, announced his resignation following intense protests. Ibn Auf said that he had chosen Lieutenant-General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, the army's inspector-general, to succeed him. The protesters were "jubilant" upon hearing thi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudanese_revolution |
Kuwait | Between 1946 and 1980, Kuwait experienced a period of prosperity driven by oil and its liberal cultural atmosphere; this period is called the "golden era of Kuwait". In 1946, crude oil was exported for the first time. In 1950, a major public-work programme began to enable Kuwaiti citizens to enjoy a luxurious standard ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait |
Palestinian Islamic Jihad | August 1987: The PIJ claimed responsibility for a shooting that killed the commander of the Israeli military police in the Gaza Strip.
July 1989: Attack of Egged bus 405 along the Jerusalem–Tel Aviv highway, at least 14 people killed (including two Canadians and one American) and dozens more wounded. Though intended to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Islamic_Jihad |
Human rights in Algeria | Discrimination based on birth, race, gender, and a number of other attributes is illegal, although women, in particular, face considerable and systemic discrimination.
Although it is unconstitutional, the government monitors the communications of its political opponents, the news media, human-rights organizations, and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_Algeria |
Mamluk architecture | The decoration of monuments also became more elaborate as the Mamluk period progressed. In the Bahri Mamluk period, carved stucco was widely used in interiors and on the exterior of brick domes and minarets. Glass mosaics, while present in early Mamluk monuments, were discontinued in the late Bahri period. Ablaq masonr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamluk_architecture |
Ashurbanipal | Assyrian interests in the Levant and other western territories were at times challenged on account of Arab tribal groups raiding Assyrian territories or disrupting trade. On occasion, the Assyrian army intervened, deposing and replacing problematic tribal rulers. Ashurbanipal oversaw two campaigns against Arab tribes, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashurbanipal |
History of Jordan | King Abdullah's eldest son, Talal of Jordan, was proclaimed king in 1951, but he was declared mentally unfit to rule and deposed in 1952. His son, Hussein Ibn Talal, became king on his eighteenth birthday, in 1953.
The 1950s have been labelled as a time of "Jordan's Experiment with Liberalism". Freedom of speech, freed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Jordan |
Nafir | See: Traditional Malaysian musical instruments
In contrast to the large number of African trumpet types, traditional trumpets are almost unknown in Southeast Asia. In some places animal horns or snail horns were used as signaling instruments. The name tarompet, taken from the Dutch, does not mean a trumpet in Indonesia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafir |
Indian Ocean slave trade | The slave trade was taking place in the eastern Indian Ocean well before the Dutch settled there around 1600. The volume of this trade is unknown.
The European slave trade in the Indian Ocean began when Portugal established Estado da Índia in the early 16th century. From then until the 1830s, c. 200 slaves were exporte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Ocean_slave_trade |
Women in Islam | Classical Islamic scholars have written extensively about the art and desirability of husband and wife attaining simultaneous orgasms; Al-Ghazali gives the following counsel in his key work, The Revival of the Religious Sciences (Iḥiyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn):
"When he has come to his orgasm (inzal), he should wait for his wife... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Islam |
Economy of the State of Palestine | In 2008, the West Bank and Gaza economies were heavily reliant on foreign aid which stood at 1.8 billion. Approximately 30% of the GDP, or US$487 per Palestinian per year came from aid. Foreign aid provided essential services for nearly half of the Palestinian people, and allowed the Palestinian Authority to operate an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_State_of_Palestine |
Operation Opera | The distance between Israeli military bases and the reactor site was significant—over 1,600 km (990 mi). The Israeli planes would have to violate Jordanian and/or Saudi airspace in a covert flight over foreign territory, making mid-air refueling unfeasible. The Israelis eventually concluded that a squadron of heavily f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Opera |
LGBT rights in Bahrain | The Al-Menbar Islamic Society is one of the more successful political factions within the Parliament, it has pushed for more conservative social policies, including a crackdown on LGBT people.
In response to questions from parliament about lesbianism in schools, the Assistant Under-Secretary for Educational Services Kh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Bahrain |
History of the State of Palestine | King Abdullah I of Jordan annexed the West Bank, granting citizenship to the Arab refugees and residents against the wishes of many Arab leaders who still hoped to establish an Arab state. Under Abdullah's leadership, Arab hopes of independence were dealt a severe blow. In March he issued a royal decree forbidding the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_State_of_Palestine |
Lahore | The British East India Company seized control of Lahore in February 1846 from the collapsing Sikh state and occupied the rest of Punjab in 1848. Following the defeat of the Sikhs at the Battle of Gujrat, British troops formally deposed Maharaja Duleep Singh in Lahore that same year. Punjab was then annexed to the Briti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore |
Hamas government in the Gaza Strip | The Hamas government of 2016 is the third de facto Hamas government in the Gaza Strip since the Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip in 2007. On 17 October 2016 it as announced that the Supreme Administrative Committee, which is in charge of the conduct of Gaza's ministries, had carried out a Cabinet reshuffle in active mi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas_government_in_the_Gaza_Strip |
Music of Turkey | While the European military bands of the 18th century introduced the percussion instruments of the Ottoman janissary bands, a reciprocal influence emerged in the 19th century in the form of the Europeanisation of the Ottoman army band. In 1827, Giuseppe Donizetti, the elder brother of the renowned Italian opera compose... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Turkey |
Divine Intervention (2002 film) | Divine Intervention while being a series of interconnected sketches, is a glimpse at life of Palestinians living under military occupation going in between the cities of Nazareth and Ramallah. E.S. lives in Nazareth while his father lives in Ramallah. We begin the film focusing on life in Ramallah with the Father for t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divine_Intervention_(2002_film) |
History of the Jews in Tunisia | Political action is therefore seen as a means of putting an end to the exceptional status of Jews, constituting "a real break in the mental universe of Jewish communities, a rupture which breaks the old world of submission to the order of things". In 1853, the qaid of the Tunisian community, Nessim Samama, obtains the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Tunisia |
Islamic revival | The concept of Islamic revival is based on a sahih hadith (a saying attributed to Muhammad), recorded by Abu Dawood, narrated by Abu Hurairah, who reported that Muhammad said:
Allah will raise for this community at the end of every 100 years the one who will renovate its religion for it.
Within the Islamic tradition, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_revival |
Dynasty of Isin | Bur-Suen (fl. c. 1820—1799 BCE by the short chronology) was the 7th king of the Dynasty of Isin and ruled for 21 years according to the SKL, 22 years according to the Ur-Isin king list. His reign was characterized by an ebb and flow in hegemony over the religious centers of Nippur and Ur.
The titles “shepherd who makes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynasty_of_Isin |
Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon | Since the Cedar Revolution in 2005 and the withdrawal of the occupying Syrian forces from the country, the Lebanese political spectrum has been divided between the anti-Syrian government 14 March alliance and the pro-Syrian government 8 March alliance. The 14 March alliance, led by the mainly Sunni Muslim Future Moveme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon |
Economy of Lebanon | Lebanon's current program of reforms focuses on three main pillars:
Economic revival and sustainable growth, with the private sector as the engine of growth;
Fiscal consolidation and structural improvement in public sector finances; and
Monetary, financial, and price stability.
The government also has maintained a fir... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Lebanon |
Carthage | When Carthage fell, its nearby rival Utica, a Roman ally, was made capital of the region and replaced Carthage as the leading center of Punic trade and leadership. It had the advantageous position of being situated on the outlet of the Medjerda River, Tunisia's only river that flowed all year long. However, grain culti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carthage |
Hafsid architecture | Prior to the Hafsid period, the architecture of the Almohads – along with that of the Almoravids who preceded them in the western Maghreb – is considered one of the most formative stages of "Moorish" or western Islamic architecture, establishing many of the forms and motifs that defined architectural styles in the regi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafsid_architecture |
International propagation of Salafism | By 1975, over one million workers—from unskilled country people to experienced professors, from Sudan, Pakistan, India, Southeast Asia, Egypt, Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria—had moved to Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf states to work, and return after a few years with savings. A majority of these workers were Arab and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_propagation_of_Salafism |
Palestine Railways | Most ROD and S200 locomotives were withdrawn from Palestine before the end of the Second World War and the remaining few soon followed, but PR took 24 LMS 8F's and the two S100s into its locomotive fleet.
In 1945 Zionist paramilitary organisations formed an alliance, the Jewish Resistance Movement, which launched a war... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestine_Railways |
Abbasid Caliphate | Centuries after the Abbasids fall, several dynasties have claimed descent from them, as "claiming kinship relation with Muhammad", that is, claiming an affiliation to the 'People of the House' or the status of a sayyid or sharif, has arguably been the most widespread way in Muslim societies of supporting one's moral or... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate |
Nelson Mandela | Mandela advocated the ultimate establishment of a classless society, with Sampson describing him as being "openly opposed to capitalism, private land-ownership and the power of big money". Mandela was influenced by Marxism, and during the revolution he advocated scientific socialism. He denied being a communist at the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela |
British Empire | Britain retains sovereignty over 14 territories outside the British Isles. In 1983, the British Nationality Act 1981 renamed the existing Crown Colonies as "British Dependent Territories", and in 2002 they were renamed the British Overseas Territories. Most former British colonies and protectorates are members of the C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire |
Biblical narratives in the Quran | In the Bible, the narratives of Moses are in Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The narratives here are mostly in Exodus 1–14 and 32. In the Quran, the Moses narratives are in the following passages: 2.49–61, 7.103–160, 10.75–93, 17.101–104, 20.9–97, 26.10–66, 27.7–14, 28.3–46, 40.23–30, 43.46–55, 44.17–31, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_narratives_in_the_Quran |
Armed Forces of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | The roots of the 1951–2011 Libyan armed forces can be traced to the Libyan Arab Force (popularly known as the Sanusi Army) of World War II. Shortly after Italy entered the war, a number of Libyan leaders living in exile in Egypt called on their compatriots to organise themselves into military units and join the British... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Libyan_Arab_Jamahiriya |
Jordan | The Treaty of London, signed by the British Government and the Emir of Transjordan on 22 March 1946, recognised the independence of the state upon ratification by both countries' parliaments. On 25 May 1946, the day that the treaty was ratified by the Transjordan parliament, Transjordan was raised to the status of a ki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan |
Astrology in the medieval Islamic world | Medieval Islamic astrology and astronomy continued Hellenistic and Roman era traditions based on Ptolemy's Almagest. Centres of learning in medicine and astronomy/astrology were set up in Baghdad and Damascus, and the Caliph Al-Mansur of Baghdad established a major observatory and library in the city, making it the wor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrology_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world |
Almagest | Ptolemy's comprehensive treatise of mathematical astronomy superseded most older texts of Greek astronomy. Some were more specialized and thus of less interest; others simply became outdated by the newer models. As a result, the older texts ceased to be copied and were gradually lost. Much of what we know about the wor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almagest |
Al-Mansur Billah | Abu Yazid fled once more to the Hodna Mountains, and al-Mansur pursued him there. The Fatimid troops pursued the rebel leader relentlessly over the narrow mountain paths. Abu Yazid's camp was captured and torched, but he managed to find refuge in the fortress of Kiyana (close to where Beni Hammad Fort was later built).... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mansur_Billah |
Kingdom of Fazughli | The Kingdom of Fazughli was located between the sultanate of Sennar and the Ethiopian empire, serving as a buffer between these two states. Africanist Alessandro Triulzi describes the approximate extension of the kingdom as follows: to the east it included the Gumuz country between Gallabat and the Blue Nile, with its ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Fazughli |
Economy of Iraq | Agriculture contributes just 3.3% to the gross national product but employs a fifth of the labor force.
Historically, 50 to 60 per cent of Iraq's arable land was under cultivation. Under the UN Oil for Food program, Iraq imported large quantities of grains, meat, poultry, and dairy products. In 1981, the government abo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Iraq |
Qisas | The qisas or equivalence verse in Quran is,
O ye who believe! the law of equality is prescribed to you in cases of murder: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, the woman for the woman. But if any remission is made by the brother of the slain, then grant any reasonable demand, and compensate him with handsom... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qisas |
History of painting | The oldest known paintings are approximately 40,000 years old, found in both the Franco-Cantabrian region in western Europe, and in the caves in the district of Maros (Sulawesi, Indonesia). The oldest type of cave paintings are hand stencils and simple geometric shapes; the oldest undisputed examples of figurative cave... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_painting |
Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel | A guidance paper by the Israeli home front command, that is given for each household in Israel, include sections for basic treatment of chemical warfare victims. The Home Front Command performs periodic training for citizens for chemical and biological attacks. As of 2006 all public educational facilities in confrontat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_rocket_attacks_on_Israel |
Arabs | The Golden Age of Arab Civilization known as the "Islamic Golden Age", traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century. The period is traditionally said to have ended with the collapse of the Abbasid caliphate due to Siege of Baghdad in 1258. During this time, Arab scholars made significant contributions t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabs |
Damascus | Damascus is first documented as an important city during the arrival of the Aramaeans, a Semitic people, in the 11th century BC. By the start of the first millennium BC, several Aramaic kingdoms were formed, as Aramaeans abandoned their nomadic lifestyle and formed federated tribal states. One of these kingdoms was Ara... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus |
Muhammad | Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim was born in Mecca about the year 570, and his birthday is believed to be in the month of Rabi' al-Awwal. He belonged to the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe, which was a dominant force in western Arabia. While his clan was one of the more distinguished in the tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.