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41293546 | Seasonal and developmental stage changes in mucilage carbohydrate content shape the kelp microbiome. | A large amount of a photoautotroph's fixed carbon is released as dissolved organic matter, from both exudation and solubilized detritus. This dissolved material contributes to a surface mucilage layer that shapes their immediate environment, including the composition of their microbiome. Here we evaluated the microbiom... |
41288984 | Computational inference of Rhizobium phaseoli transcriptional regulatory network predicts Transcription Factors involved in nodulation. | Growth of the common bean plant Phaseolus vulgaris is tightly linked to its symbiotic relationship with diverse rhizobial species, particularly Rhizobium phaseoli, an alphaproteobacterium that forms root nodules and provides high levels of nitrogen to the plant. Molecular cross-talk is known to happen through plant-der... |
41283061 | On the Use of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Delivering Lavender Hydroalcoholic Extract as an Antioxidant to NMRI Mice Spermatozoa During Handling, Cryopreservation, and Thawing. | <h4>Purpose</h4>This study investigated the cryoprotective and antioxidant effects of lavender hydroalcoholic extract-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (LHE-SLN) during handling, freezing, and thawing of NMRI mouse sperm.<h4>Methods</h4>LHE-SLNs were synthesized using the self-assembly method. After evaluating their phys... |
41282970 | Investigating the effect of rosmarinic acid loaded magnetic nanoparticles against growth and biofilm formation of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolated from poultry meat. | <h4>Background</h4><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, one of the causes of food poisoning, plays an important role in causing gastrointestinal inflammation.<h4>Aims</h4>Given the spread of antibiotic resistance in <i>S. aureus</i>, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) loaded magnetic nan... |
41281670 | In Silico Screening of Secondary Metabolites from Scorodocarpus Borneensis as Hepatitis B Virus Inhibitors. | <h4>Background</h4>The Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a major global health concern, primarily due to its potential to cause chronic liver disease and cancer. The HBV core protein (HBc) is essential for the viral life cycle, specifically in the assembly of the viral capsid, making it a prime target for antiviral drug devel... |
41263491 | A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the oligophagous fruit fly Bactrocera tsuneonis (Diptera: Tephritidae) and insights into its host specificity. | <h4>Background</h4>Bactrocera tsuneonis is a major pest of citrus, causing significant economic losses in fruit production. It exhibits a highly specialized host preference, primarily infesting citrus fruits. However, the genetic basis underlying its olfactory adaptation and host specificity remains largely unexplored.... |
41234389 | Dual Inhibitors of c-MET and EGFR in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Pharmacophore Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Based in Silico Drug Repositioning. | <h4>Background</h4>The cross-talk between mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a role in breast cancer (BC) progression and resistance to various targeted therapies. Consequently, the simultaneous overexpression of c-MET and EGFR in triple-negative breast ca... |
41231539 | Engineering recombination machinery facilitates the construction of yeast cell factories. | Advances in genome editing have been promoted by programmable nucleases like CRISPR-Cas9, which triggers endogenous DNA repair mechanisms by inducing double-strand break (DSB). Cellular responses to DSBs are governed by competing repair pathways: error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and high-fidelity homologou... |
41217060 | Hypoxic regulation of insulin receptor substrate 2 gene expression is differently regulated by endoplasmic reticulum stress and hydrocortisone in normal human astrocytes and glioblastoma cells. | <b>Objective.</b> The insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) is phosphorylated by the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor and the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) receptor upon receptor stimulation. It mediates insulin signaling controlling metabolism as well as cell proliferation and invasion in tumors. ... |
41206754 | Resistance to last-resort antibiotics in enterococci. | The genus Enterococcus comprises a diverse group of species, many of which are commensal members of the gut microbiota of humans and animals. The two most prominent species associated with humans, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, have also emerged as prominent opportunistic pathogens causing a range of i... |
41190170 | Entomo-virological surveillance of arboviruses in the Americas: prospects for the use of paper-based nucleic acid stabilization materials. | Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) represent a major public health burden for people living or visiting tropical and subtropical countries, where an endemic/epidemic cycle has been successfully established for <i>Orthoflavivirus denguei</i>, <i>Alphavirus chikungunya</i>, and <i>O. zikaense</i>. The risk for the ree... |
41180262 | Resistance mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections. | <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is one of the most clinically important Gram-negative bacteria and is related to many severe and life-threatening infections worldwide. It presents intrinsic resistance against many antibiotics and has the ability to acquire or develop additional mechanisms to overcome the action of all an... |
41165346 | Olfactory GPCRs through the lens of structural bioinformatics. | Olfactory perception, mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as odorant receptors (ORs) and trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), plays a pivotal role in human health, influencing behaviors like food choices and serving as early biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. Despite their importance, olfa... |
41161797 | Comparison of Technetium-99m-Labeled Pentapeptides as Bone Imaging Agents: Influence of Different Types of Acidic Amino Acids. | Bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals are essential for the early detection of bone metastases. In this study, we developed three Technetium-99m (<sup>99m</sup>Tc)-labeled oligopeptides composed of acidic amino acids and evaluated their bone-targeting ability. Hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC)-conjugated oligopeptides with fiv... |
41122761 | Angiogenesis induction using organoid-tissue modules: A platform for modular vessel construction. | Angiogenesis is essential for successful tissue regeneration, particularly in clinical contexts such as ischemic injury, wound healing, and reconstructive therapies. However, the establishment of functional vasculature remains a major limitation in organoid-based systems. In this study, we developed vascularized organo... |
41115824 | Complex Reassortment Dynamics of H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses in Xinjiang, China: Implications for Zoonotic Spillover. | <h4>Background</h4>H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) donate their genes to other subtype AIVs, posing significant threats to poultry industries and public health due to their endemicity and zoonotic potential. This study investigates the molecular evolution, reassortment, and mutations of the H9N2 isolates from the l... |
41104257 | In Silico Analysis of Tat Exons to Increase the Efficacy of a Nef-Tat-based HIV-1 Vaccine Candidate. | <h4>Background</h4>The global human immunodeficiency virus HIV/AIDS pandemic persists without complete eradication. Developing a safe and effective vaccine remains the most promising approach, but ongoing clinical trials have been unsuccessful due to the vaccines' inability to stimulate robust immunity.<h4>Objectives</... |
41104237 | Vancomycin Insights: An Update on Mechanism, Activity, Toxicity, Resistance, and Novel Drug Delivery Systems. | <h4>Context</h4>Vancomycin is an important antibiotic with a glycopeptide structure, effective against gram-positive bacterial infections through the inhibition of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. It is indicated for the treatment of serious complicated skin, bloodstream, lower respiratory tract, bone, and joint infec... |
41103585 | BRD4 Inhibitor Alleviates Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion via Regulating BRD4/STAT3/IL-17A Axis to Decrease the Th17 Cell Differentiation. | <h4>Purpose</h4>Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is an abnormal phenomenon that severely affects women's quality of life. Inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation can alleviate RSA. This research explored the mechanism by which BRD4 Inhibitor (BETi) suppressed the differentiation of Th17 cells to mitigate RSA.<h4>Metho... |
41089716 | <i>Penicillium hordei</i> acidification precipitates <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> lipopeptides to evade inhibition. | Interkingdom interactions are crucial for community and ecosystem function; however, the secondary metabolites mediating interactions between plant beneficial bacteria and fungi remain understudied. Beneficial <i>Penicillium</i> and <i>Bacillus</i> species can individually suppress soilborne phytopathogens and promote ... |
41064545 | A Case Report on Plasma Exchange for Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure from Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis with Failed Steroid Therapy. | <h4>Introduction</h4>Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) associated with multi-organ failure has a high mortality burden. The mechanisms are thought to be driven by hyperactive inflammatory and immune responses triggered by microbial and nonmicrobial factors. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a potential alternati... |
41062283 | <sup>1</sup>H-NMR Spectroscopy Study of the Formation of Inclusion Complexes between Cucurbit[7]uril and Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, and Lomefloxacin. | Owing to the recent detection of pharmaceutical residues in aquatic environments, the development of methods for their removal has attracted increasing research attention. Considering the rich host-guest chemistry of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]), which can form stable inclusion complexes with various compounds, we envisione... |
41048578 | Effect of 4-Position Pyridine Ring Substitution on Zn(II) Complexes of 4-substituted Py<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub> Pyridinophane Macrocycles. | The metal binding properties of macrocyclic small molecules is a key property that drives what applications for which these ligands can be used. Pyridine modified Py<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub> pyridinophane small molecules are a new class of macrocyclic small molecules, whose properties have not been explored. As a resul... |
41042259 | PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) and beyond: targeted degradation as a new path to fight microbial pathogens. | Targeted degradation is emerging as a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of different diseases. It allows hijacking the cellular pathways deputed to protein or nucleic acid homeostasis to degrade a target macromolecule of interest involved in a pathogenic process. In the last decades, targeted protein degradatio... |
41033979 | Effect of 2-Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin on Renal Inflammation in Alport Mouse Model. | Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides that encapsulate hydrophobic molecules such as cholesterol. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), a cyclic heptasaccharide, has gained attention as a protective agent for chronic kidney diseases, particularly the genetic kidney disease Alport syndrome, due to its anti-i... |
41030473 | Design of an artificial natural killer cell mimicking system to target tumour cells. | NK cell mimics are assemblies of a cell membrane and a template that replicate biomimetic features and physicochemical properties, respectively. To develop this targeted drug delivery system, gelatin microspheres (cG) were fabricated using a water-in-oil emulsion and reinforced via DMTMM cross-linking to exhibit tunabl... |
41018514 | Clinical data integration and processing challenges in healthcare caused by contemporary software design. | <h4>Objective</h4>The quantity of patient data in healthcare is exponentially increasing. While big data and artificial intelligence have emerged across the fields, in healthcare, such rapid development is hindered by numerous factors. Predominantly, health-care software developed decades ago cannot foresee the demands... |
41004011 | Macromolecular Crowding for Reparative Medicine and Drug Discovery Applications. | Cell-based reparative medicine and drug discovery utilise the innate sophistication of cells to build supramolecular assemblies. Unfortunately, bereft of their optimal tissue context, during in vitro culture, this ability is compromised. Herein, we argue that macromolecular crowding is the missing link in the developme... |
40996709 | Gene Loss DB: a curated database for gene loss in mammals-the cetacean collection. | Molecular databases are essential resources for both experimental and computational biologists. The rapid increase in high-quality genome assemblies has led to a surge in publications describing secondary gene loss events associated with lineage-specific adaptations across diverse vertebrate groups. This growing volume... |
40993951 | An Explicative Review on Nanotechnology-based Drug Delivery Systems for Alleviating Oxidative Stress-driven Pathologies. | <h4>Background</h4>Numerous chronic illnesses, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders, are mostly caused by oxidative stress, which is defined as an imbalance between the body's antioxidant defenses and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The success of traditional t... |
40991899 | A New Era in Oncology: Clinical Insights Into the Application of Oncolytic Viruses. | When considering treatment-related side effects, cancer therapies often present the most significant severity. Given considerations of safety and efficacy, there is a growing inclination towards biological therapeutic approaches, with Oncolytic Viruses (OVs) emerging as a prominent focus. Initial investigations into OV... |
40985585 | The emerging roles of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in fermented foods and human health. | Yeasts play a crucial role in the maturation of fermented foods, with Saccharomyces cerevisiae standing out as the most prominent among them. However, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in the roles and applications of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in fermented products. Their contribution to shape the chara... |
40985540 | Improving the production and stability of nanobodies. | Nanobodies offer unique advantages in biomedical and biotechnological applications due to their smaller size, ability to bind challenging epitopes, and affordable production using recombinant technology. However, challenges in large-scale production, stability, and solubility limit their widespread use. To address this... |
40980450 | Self-assembling polypeptide-drug conjugates as innovative therapeutic candidates for glioblastoma treatment by enhancing intracranial residence time. | <h4>Background</h4>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal and incurable brain tumor, with limited treatment options. Systemic delivery of many promising drugs has proven inefficacious due to insufficient brain penetrance. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) enables direct intracranial infusion of high drug concentrations... |
40967824 | The Rational Selection for Solubilized Formulation Technologies Utilizing Physicochemical Properties. | Enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble oral small-molecule drugs remains a critical challenge in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly during the early stages of drug development when selecting solubilized formulation technologies. This difficulty largely stems from the absence of objective indicators for... |
40967587 | Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Specific Mortality Risk After Surgery for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Studies Based on SEER Database and External Validation Cohorts. | IntroductionRectal cancer, characterized by a high global incidence rate, is a significant malignancy. This study aimed to develop a competing risk model utilizing the SEER database to estimate the risk of cancer-specific mortality in patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).MethodsThis research em... |
40958149 | Meningeal macrophages mask incision pain sensitization in male rats. | <h4>Introduction</h4>Meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord house a variety of immune cell types including macrophages that express the CD206 mannose receptor. Here, we investigated whether CD206<sup>+</sup> macrophages in the meninges play a role in regulating nociception and pain hypersensitivity.<h4>Methods<... |
40955355 | Intranasal delivery systems for traumatic brain injury: Advancements and perspectives. | Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, commonly leading to long-term impairments in cognition, sensorimotor function, and personality. While neuroprotective drugs have demonstrated some efficacy <i>in vitro</i> cultures and <i>in vivo</i> animal models, their clinical applications rem... |
40949707 | Effects of <i>FASN</i> gene polymorphism on milk production traits in Bangladeshi cattle: Insights from mutant protein function. | <h4>Background</h4>To meet up the demand gap of milk in Bangladesh, short-term, midterm, and long-term goal have been set up by the government through crossing with Bangladeshi local cattle and high-producing foreign cattle like Friesian, Jersey, Sahiwal, etc.<h4>Aims</h4>The purpose of this study was to identify the s... |
40920441 | Exploring antiviral strategies to combat African swine fever. | African swine fever (ASF), caused by the highly contagious African swine fever virus (ASFV), poses a significant threat to domestic and wild pigs worldwide. Despite its limited host range and lack of zoonotic potential, ASF has severe socio-economic and environmental consequences. Current control strategies primarily r... |
40911283 | Post-translational modifications of the nucleoid protein H-NS: sites, mechanisms, and regulatory cues. | Histone-like nucleoid structuring protein H-NS plays a pivotal role in orchestrating bacterial chromatin and regulating horizontal gene transfer (HGT) elements. In response to environmental signals, H-NS undergoes dynamic post-translational modifications (PTMs) that resemble the epigenetic codes of eukaryotic histones.... |
40904628 | MCS Ultrastructural Analyses Using Electron Microscopy. | Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are microdomains that exchange ions and lipids between the membranes of two organelles. They facilitate the exchange of metabolites and act as a site for intracellular communication through material transport. Because of the important physiological significance of MCSs in localizing the ex... |
40903241 | Human breast milk and its impact on inflammatory bowel disease. | Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term that describes disorders involving long-standing inflammation of tissues in the digestive tract. The onset and exacerbation of IBD is linked to multiple factors, including genetic and immunological influences, diet, and gut bacteria. Additionally, it is associated with a high ... |
40896702 | Resveratrol as a naturally occurring inflammasome modulator: Implications for health and disease. | Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases, ranging from chronic disorders to acute inflammatory responses. Inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that controls the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and initiates immunological responses, has emerged as a critical regulator of infl... |
40896696 | CRISPR/Cas9 in colorectal cancer: Revolutionizing precision oncology through genome editing and targeted therapeutics. | Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating advanced molecular therapies to improve outcomes. The CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing platform has emerged as a transformative tool in CRC research, enabling precise genomic modifications to suppress tumor progression, enhance chemosensitiv... |
40896694 | Investigation of protective effects of rutin\cyclodextrin inclusion complex against testicular damage caused by diisononyl phthalate in rats. | <h4>Objectives</h4>The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Rutin\cyclodextrin (RUT\CD) complex in rats exposed to diisononyl phthalate (DINP).<h4>Materials and methods</h4>In the study, 35 male Sprague Dawley rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control, DINP, RUT\... |
40881312 | Via Proteins and Lipids - Versatility of VAPs at Dynamic Membrane Contact Sites. | VAMP-associated proteins (VAPs) are highly conserved, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident receptors that tether the ER to various membrane compartments in eukaryotic cells. Each VAP contains a transmembrane helix at its extreme C-terminus and a conserved N-terminal major sperm protein (MSP) domain that mediates various... |
40879907 | Expression and Purification of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Virus Proteins. | Recombinant protein expression and purification are crucial for studying pathogen-host interactions, especially in therapeutic contexts. This chapter comprehensively overviews various expression systems and chromatography techniques to express and purify respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) proteins. These proteins includ... |
40877517 | Construction of Nanotube-Shaped mRNA Vehicles Using Self-Assembling Peptides. | The mRNA delivery vehicle technology is one of the key factors in developing mRNA-based therapeutics and vaccines. The delivery vehicle must protect the mRNA from degradation, accurately deliver it across body barriers into the target tissue or cell, and properly regulate expression of the protein. Even though the stab... |
40877513 | Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of mRNA. | The development of lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) has significantly advanced the field of drug delivery, particularly for nucleic acids, such as mRNA being clinically used in the vaccines against COVID-19. This chapter explores the structural composition and functional properties of LNPs, including key components, su... |
40875125 | Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Assay to Evaluate the Interaction Between SUMO and Its Target Proteins in Cells. | SUMO can be covalently linked to specific substrates and can also interact noncovalently with proteins through SUMO-interacting motifs. SUMO modulates the activity, stability, or subcellular localization of its substrates, which results in the regulation of different cellular processes, including cell proliferation, im... |
40874739 | Hallmarks of DNA replication stress responses in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. | Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis provide well-studied models for understanding how bacteria manage DNA replication stress (RS). These bacteria employ various strategies to detect and stabilize stalled replication forks (RFs), circumvent or bypass lesions, resolve replication-transcription conflicts (RTCs), and re... |
40874531 | Plastic leachates promote marine protozoan growth. | Millions of tons of plastic enter the ocean annually, yet the effects of their leachates on the microbial loop are poorly understood. This study investigates how dissolved organic carbon released from field-collected plastics and a bioplastic influences the growth of the protozoan Oxyrrhis marina and its associated bac... |
40842846 | Probiotic paradox: bacillibactin from <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> drives pathogenic <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> proliferation through siderophore piracy. | The opportunistic pathogen <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> dominates iron-depleted marine ecosystems, likely driven by its diverse repertoire of siderophore receptors that enable iron piracy from exogenous sources. While the ability to utilize xenosiderophores via piracy can be advantageous under iron limitation, the ident... |
40801260 | Silibinin-derived microbiota enrich (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate and ameliorate colitis via the GAT-3/RARβ/RORγt axis. | Microbiota-associated factors are increasingly recognized as significant contributors to the progression of ulcerative colitis, and microbial modulation has emerged as an effective therapy for this condition. The herbal compound silibinin has demonstrated properties that modulate gut microbiota. Herein, we investigated... |
40776648 | Development of Novel Intravesical Formulation for Bladder Retention Targeting Bladder Disorders. | Numerous bladder-related diseases, including urinary blockages, interstitial cystitis, overactive bladder syndrome, cancer, and infections of the urinary tract, can affect bladder function. The human urinary bladder's distinct anatomy successfully prevents any hazardous material from entering circulation. The pathogene... |
40755459 | From niche to organoid: Engineering bone tissues through microenvironmental insights. | The construction of bone organoids represents a transformative approach in tissue engineering, offering unprecedented opportunities for studying bone biology, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. The intricate understanding of the skeletal microenvironment, or niche, which governs cellular behavior, tissue orga... |
40750751 | Toward On-Cell NMR Studies of Glycan-Protein Interactions. | Glycan-mediated molecular recognition is crucial for life. Various methodologies, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), help elucidate these interactions across different complexity levels, from macroscopic to atomic resolution. NMR is widely used to study glycan binding to lectins in solution, though these inter... |
40750746 | Exploring the Conformational Changes and Dynamics of Mucins in Their Free State and in Complex with Mucin-Binding Proteins Using NMR. | Mucins are highly glycosylated proteins whose structural complexity and dynamic behavior are crucial for their biological function and pathological role. Understanding their conformational properties, both in free form and when interacting with mucin-binding proteins, is essential for the development of therapeutic str... |
40741287 | The Protective Effects of Mitochondrial Therapy Against Vincristine- Induced Nephrotoxicity in the Rat's Renal Proximal Tubular Cells. | <h4>Background</h4>The application of vincristine (VCR) in treating a range of cancers is well-documented, showcasing its considerable effectiveness. Nevertheless, its clinical application is constrained by its impact on healthy tissues and various organ systems. Specifically, it can compromise kidney function, resulti... |
40735229 | Membrane Contact Sites in Proteostasis and ER Stress Response. | Execution of all cellular functions depends on a healthy proteome, whose maintenance requires multimodal oversight. Roughly a third of human proteins reside in membranes and thus present unique topological challenges with respect to biogenesis and degradation. To meet these challenges, eukaryotes have evolved organella... |
40728621 | Prediction of Intrinsically Disordered Lipid Binding Residues with DisoLipPred. | DisoLipPred is a state-of-the-art predictor of intrinsically disordered lipid-binding residues in protein sequences. This method relies on a modern deep neural network model, produces accurate results, and is available as a convenient web server. We provide a practical and detailed introduction to the DisoLipPred's web... |
40727522 | "Home Away From Home": A Critical Metaphor Analysis of Displaced Ukrainian Women's Experiences With Their Canadian Hosts. | Displaced by the Russian invasion, Ukrainian women face complex challenges in adapting to new environments. This study explores their experiences living in homestay arrangements in Canada, drawing on Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Critical Metaphor Analysis to examine how they express displacement, adaptation, and inte... |
40721381 | Toward structural understanding of eukaryotic transcription elongation. | Transcription is an essential biological process that underlies all cellular and organismal activities. In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcribes every protein-coding gene and many non-coding genes, playing a central role in gene expression. Transcription generally occurs in three steps: RNAPII initiates tr... |
40720780 | Thermal shift assay to identify ligands for bacterial sensor proteins. | Bacteria sense and respond to changing environmental conditions using a diverse range of receptors. Currently, the signals recognized by most receptors remain unknown, thereby limiting our understanding of their function. Since its introduction a decade ago, ligand screening by the thermal-shift assay has identified th... |
40718504 | <i>In vitro</i> models of muscle spindles: From traditional methods to 3D bioprinting strategies. | Muscle spindles are key proprioceptive mechanoreceptors composed of intrafusal fibres that regulate kinaesthetic sensations and reflex actions. Traumatic injuries and neuromuscular diseases can severely impair the proprioceptive feedback, yet the regenerative potential and cell-matrix interactions of muscle spindles re... |
40718433 | Design and Characterization of Ricin Based Immunotoxins Against EPHA2 Receptor for Breast Cancer Therapy: An In-Silico Study. | <h4>Background</h4>One of the most promising strategies to combat cancer is the use of immunotoxins.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to design two immunotoxins composed of antibody fragments against the EphA2 receptor, which is highly expressed in breast cancer.<h4>Methods</h4>EphA2-N-ricin and EphA2-C-ricin were de... |
40696549 | Innovative Strategies and Advances in Drug Delivery Systems to Address Poor Solubility: A Comprehensive Review. | Poor solubility remains a significant obstacle in drug administration, adversely affecting the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of many drugs. It is also recognized as a primary factor contributing to issues with bioavailability, such as poor, inconsistent, limited, and highly variable bioavailability of market... |
40694626 | The Potential Mechanism of Kushen Decoction in Treating Haemorrhoids: An Integration of Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. | Kushen decoction (KSD), a traditional Chinese medicine, is extensively utilised for haemorrhoid treatment, yet its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study employs a systematic approach to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of KSD in haemorrhoid treatment by integrating network pharmacology, molecular docking... |
40666180 | Advancing cancer treatment with nanozyme frameworks: Integrating photothermal, photodynamic, sonodynamic, and chemodynamic therapies. | Cancer is considered a serious threat to human life and one of the major leading causes of death in the world. As a critical medical challenge in developing and developed countries globally, progress in the design of theranostic nanomedicine is associated with the control of temporal-spatial variability, enhancing the ... |
40663325 | Large Macrocyclic Libraries via Thioether Cyclization. | Macrocyclic peptides, known for their high specificity, binding affinity, and potential membrane permeability, represent a promising modality in drug discovery, particularly for intracellular targets deemed undruggable by conventional small molecules. Traditional methods for macrocycle synthesis often involve labor-int... |
40663320 | DNA-Encoded Peptide Library Synthesis and Applications, a Mini-Review. | DNA-encoded chemical libraries (DECLs) are an innovative technology that combines molecular biology and combinatorial chemistry to create and screen vast libraries of small molecules and peptides. DECLs, including DNA-encoded peptide libraries (DEPLs), leverage DNA as a molecular barcode, enabling the identification of... |
40655080 | L-α-aminoadipic Acid-induced Astrocytes Inhibition in the Hippocampal CA1 Region, Anxiety-like Behavior, and Memory Impairment. | <h4>Introduction</h4>Glutamate plays a significant role in synaptic plasticity, which is important for learning and memory. Astrocytes are an important part of glial cells or neuroglia. They are involved in neuroinflammation and are key in maintaining glutamine/glutamate homeostasis. As astrocytes provide vital support... |
40641897 | Helical, Spring and Curled Nano/Micro Fibrous Structures for Tissue Engineering Application. | Over the past few decades, the engineering of helical, spring, curled, and hierarchically structured nano/microfibers has attracted considerable attention due to their unique characteristics and potential applications in tissue engineering and various industrial fields. Understanding the parameters and processes involv... |
40632106 | Endophytic commensal bacteria capitalize on the AvrPto-FER pathway to enhance proliferation during early stages of pathogen invasion. | Leaves typically harbor a community of pre-existing beneficial and commensal bacteria that contribute to plant health. When pathogens invade, plants employ a series of strategies to response to the invasion, including the modulation of the microbial community structure. However, it remains unclear how commensal bacteri... |
40626181 | Advances in biomaterial-based composite spheroid for articular cartilage regeneration. | Articular cartilage plays a crucial role in reducing friction between bones and enabling movements; however, it is frequently degraded due to persistent joint stress, aging, and osteoarthritis. As its self-repair ability is limited, various cell-based therapeutic strategies have been developed for cartilage regeneratio... |
40619653 | Flavonoids: Potential Novel Inhibitors of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. | Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern and a leading cause of death worldwide. The emergence of drug-resistant TB strains poses a significant threat to public health and is contributing to the growing rate of TB infections globally. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new and safe drugs for TB treatment. De... |
40605426 | Novel Anticancer Triple Formula Based on Aptamer-Conjugated PEGylated Nanoliposomes. | BackgroundCancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, necessitating the development of affordable and innovative therapies to reduce its human and economic burden.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to develop a synergistic anticancer formula encapsulated in nanoliposomes to enhance efficacy and minimize side effe... |
40599739 | How Do Novel PFAS Sorbents Fit into Current Engineering Paradigm? | As the emergence of novel sorbents brings new possibilities for treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), drinking water and wastewater utilities face critical decisions in selecting effective, future-ready technologies. With regulatory pressures to address PFAS contamination mounting, however, many util... |
40598906 | A deep learning and digital archaeology approach for mosquito repellent discovery. | Insect-borne diseases kill > 0.5 million people annually. Currently available repellents for personal or household protection are limited in their efficacy, applicability, and safety profile. Here, we describe a machine-learning-driven high-throughput method for the discovery of novel repellent molecules. To achieve th... |
40589794 | Tailocin tail fiber diversity correlates with rfbD variation in the <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> species complex. | Community assembly dynamics are in part driven by competition between community members. Diverse bacteria can antagonize competitors through the production of toxic compounds, such as bacteriophage-derived tailocins. These toxins are highly specific in their targeting, which is determined by interactions between the ta... |
40584833 | Comprehensive characterization of cell and tissue responses toward high hydrostatic pressure treatment: Molecular feedback and structural integrity in bone graft processing. | In the field of tissue reconstruction, the development and improvement of suitable bone grafts is of increasing importance. The implementation of bone banks enables the international distribution of suitable allografts that can be used for defect reconstruction. Currently used procedures have significant drawbacks, esp... |
40580288 | High-Throughput Genotyping by CD-PCR. | The process of extracting genomic DNA from biological samples is a bottleneck in PCR genotyping. Here, we describe a speedy genotyping method that combines simple genomic DNA extraction using hot alkaline/SDS and direct use of the extract in an SDS-tolerant cyclodextrin-PCR (CD-PCR). |
40575355 | Advances in hydrogels for capturing and neutralizing inflammatory cytokines. | Inflammatory cytokines play a crucial role in the inflammatory response, and their aberrant expression and overproduction are closely associated with the development of many diseases. However, traditional inflammation treatment strategies are often accompanied by serious side effects, limiting their widespread use. In ... |
40574388 | Chronic Treatment with Angiotensin-(1-7) Improves Metabolism by Modulating Adipose Tissue and Oxidative Stress in Mice. | <h4>Background</h4>Angiotensin-(1-7) is a crucial endocrine modulatory peptide that can enhance conditions like diabetes, obesity, and other features of metabolic syndrome. However, there is a lack of data on its long-term effects.<h4>Aim</h4>This study aimed to assess the impact of chronic oral administration of Angio... |
40551681 | Neuroprotective Proteins in Hypoxia-stressed Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. | <h4>Background</h4>Advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis have generated extensive protein data from cells involved in neurodegenerative diseases. The field of neuroproteomics is expanding to include the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to identify potential biomarkers for disease prevention and en... |
40531469 | Automated Synthesis and Purification of Hydrophobic Peptides. | Poly(hydrophobic amino acids) have been utilized as a component of peptide-based vaccines due to their ability to act as an immunostimulating moiety. They are biodegradable, possess defined stereochemistry and number of units, and upon conjugation to peptide antigens can self-assemble into nanoparticles. However, the p... |
40531457 | Solid-Phase Synthesis of Well-Defined Defect Lysine Dendrimers. | In conventional dendrimer synthesis, producing defective dendrimers is unavoidable. However, no synthetic method exists to prepare these defect dendrimers with a well-defined structure. A novel and efficient solid-phase method has been developed to synthesize well-defined lysine defect dendrimers using orthogonally pro... |
40531452 | Development of the Efficient Preparation Method for Thermoresponsive Elastin-Like Peptides Using Liquid-Phase Synthesis Combined with Fragment Condensation Strategy. | Elastin-like peptides (ELPs) are synthetic, repetitive sequences known for their temperature-dependent reversible self-assembly, making them environmentally friendly, biocompatible, and thermoresponsive. Despite various strategies for ELP production, the development of effective ELP supply methods remains a challenge. ... |
40515909 | Identification of Virus-Host Protein Interactions Via Proteomic Techniques. | Viral replication is intricately linked to the interaction between viruses and host proteins, making the investigation of host-viral protein complexes vital to virological research. Recent advances in this field have been based on the development of proteomic assays. In this chapter, we discuss the principles, applicat... |
40510709 | Reversing rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block by sugammadex: New safety horizon for Indian population. | <h4>Background & aim</h4>The study compared the efficacy of neostigmine and sugammadex in reversing rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients undergoing surgery. The research aims to understand the drugs' benefits of safe reversal and impact in the diverse Indian population due to genetic, ethnic, lifestyle... |
40502653 | Studies on curcumin-glucoside in the prevention of alpha-synuclein aggregation. | <h4>Background</h4>α-synuclein (α-syn) deposition in the mid-brain region is one of the hallmark pathologies of Parkinson's disease (PD). The key steps involve the transformation of α-synuclein into a toxic oligomer and insoluble fibrillar aggregates.<h4>Objective</h4>To understand the role of curcumin-glucoside in the... |
40495597 | Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis By Development of Nanocarriers and their Significance Over Conventional Dosage Forms. | <h4>Background</h4>Rheumatoid Arthritis is one of the most common auto-immune diseases that cause inflammation. It is characterized by pain, stiffness, tenderness, and swelling in joints, which may even lead to heart, lungs, or brain-related problems where age is the major factor involved, as around 55% older adults ha... |
40495598 | Unlocking Dendrimers Future Potential for Brain-Specific Drug Delivery in Cerebroanoreach. | The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) makes it extremely difficult to get drugs to the brain, yet highly branching macromolecules known as dendrimers show a lot of promise in this regard. This review delves into the current and future prospects of dendrimers in facilitating brain-specific drug delivery within the framework of ... |
40491368 | Advance Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Alzheimer's Disease: Advancements and Future Perspectives. | Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss, significantly impacting the quality of life for affected individuals. This manuscript explores various innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing drug delivery to the brain, particularly th... |
40451832 | Skin Permeation of Hydrophilic Middle-to-High Molecular Weight Model Drugs from Decanoic Acid/Arginine Supramolecular Hydrogels. | Decanoic acid/arginine supramolecular hydrogels (C10/Arg) were prepared and evaluated for use as skin-application formulations to improve the skin permeation of hydrophilic middle-to-high-molecular-weight drugs. Dextran (Mw; 6000 Da [Dex]) was used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the hydrogels, and fluore... |
40451817 | Self-assembly of Urea Derivatives into Supramolecular Gels. | In this review, we present our development of low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) with urea moieties. A C<sub>3</sub>-symmetric tris-urea framework was found to be an excellent structure for LMWG. Tuning the molecular structure has enabled the creation of LMWGs that gel in a wide range of media, ranging from organic ... |
40437801 | Improvement of Sperm Quality in Cryopreserved Boar Semen by Supplementation of Kaempferia parviflora and Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin in Semen Extender. | We investigated the potential of Kaempferia parviflora (KP) extract, rich in phenolic compounds, for enhancing boar semen quality during cryopreservation. We evaluated the impact of various KP extract concentrations (0%-8% w/v) in freezing extenders on postthawed semen quality and oxidative stress markers, along with t... |
40434829 | The Batalogue: an overview of betacoronaviruses with future pandemic potential. | The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic has intensified interest in the global diversity of RNA viruses and their ability to jump hosts, with a notable expansion in the number of known betacoronaviruses in wild mammalian species, particularly bats. This has enabled vaccine development research to shift its focus to include... |
40417140 | Role of Endocannabinoids in Glaucoma: A Review. | <h4>Aims</h4>A review of the published literature was done to understand the role of endocannabinoids in glaucoma.<h4>Background</h4>As evidence mounts that intraocular pressure (IOP) is not the only factor in the pathogenesis and progression of glaucoma, a look into other aspects is the need of the hour. From the firs... |
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