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S0009279718303235 | Juglone and thymoquinone are cytotoxic to pancreatic cancer cells . The aim of this study was to investigate using an analysis of isobolograms the type and degree of interactions between juglone and thymoquinone on MIA PaCa 2 pancreatic cancer cells . Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay . Cell death was de... | Juglone and thymoquinone are cytotoxic to pancreatic cancer cells. IC. for juglone in combination with thymoquinone was higher than juglone alone. Additive effect occurs at concentration that affects 75 and 90 of the cancer cells. Moderate synergism was seen at 40.90M juglone and 511.19M thymoquinone. |
S0009279719302492 | The monoterpenoid terpinen 4 ol is known to inhibit cell excitability has low toxicity and important pharmacological activities which are likely related to neural excitability such as anti inflammatory antiepileptic and antinociceptive effects . However the pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms underlying the ... | 4TERP concentration dependently inhibits voltage dependent Na. channels activation. 4TERP inhibits I. predominantly through the mechanism of channel pore blockade. 4TERP blockade showed sensitivity to use dependence. This effect is coherent with 4TERP induced blockade of neuronal excitability. |
S0009279719302893 | Although rifampicin could have a hepatic toxic effect it has also been shown that this chemical acts as a cellular protectant against oxidative stress . Therefore we wondered whether rifampicin has a beneficial effect such as an anti oxidant in the liver because the efficacy of some drugs sometimes relates with their t... | Rifampicin inhibited acetaminophen induced liver damage. Rifampicin inhibited oxidative stress and mitochondria damage in hepatocyte. Rifampicin activated AMPK related with LKB1 signals. Rifampicin induced nuclear Nrf2 expression and antioxidant genes. Rifampicin might be a pharmaceutical candidate for hepatic injury. |
S0009279719303771 | 2 3 7 8 Tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin accumulates in human body probably influencing adipocyte differentiation and causing various toxic effects including wasting syndrome . Recently orientin a phenolic compound abundant in natural health products has been shown to have antioxidant properties . We investigated the protec... | Orientin suppressed TCDD induced loss of lipid accumulation. Orientin inhibited TCDD driven decreases in the levels of PPAR and adiponectin. Orientin reduced TCDD induced PGE. and cPLA. levels. Orientin increased TCDD inhibited PGC1 alpha levels. Orientin increased TCDD reduced IRS1 GLUT4 and insulin stimulated glucose... |
S0009279719305538 | We investigated the inhibitory effects of 13 organophosphate esters and hydrolytic metabolites on the carboxylesterase activity of rat liver microsomes | We examined carboxylesterase inhibition by organophosphate esters OPEs . 2 Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate was the most potent inhibitor among tested OPEs. Aryl OPEs were strong rat liver microsomal carboxylesterase inhibitors. Di or mono substituted derivatives of OPEs showed markedly decreased inhibition. OPEs bearing ... |
S0009279719306568 | Spermatogenic dysfunction is one of the major secondary complications of male diabetes . Salidroside is the important active ingredients isolated from | This study first reported the effects of SAL on BTB integrity in diabetic mice. SAL ameliorates diabetes induced histological and morphological damages of testis in male mice. SAL reverses diabetes induced poor sperm parameters comprising sperm count sperm motility and sperm viability in male mice. The mechanism may be... |
S0009279719307872 | Oleanolic acid is a triterpenoid widely found in plants and possesses antitumor activity in many cancer lines . However cancer cells develop multidrug resistance hindering the effect of anticancer drugs . P glycoprotein is a major cause of mdr . Therefore the cytotoxic effect of OA was evaluated on human breast cancer ... | Oleanolic acid is found in plants and has antitumor activity in many cancer lines. The cytotoxic effect of oleanolic acid was evaluated on MDA MB 231 and HepG2 cells. Inhibiting P gp by verapamil enhanced the cytotoxic effect of oleanolic acid. In zebrafish embryos oleanolic acid was more toxic in the presence of verap... |
S0009279719307896 | 4 methylesculetin is a natural antioxidant coumarin with protective effects on the intestinal inflammation in which oxidative stress plays a key role in its aetiology and pathophysiology . Based on this we examined the antioxidant molecular mechanisms involved in the intestinal anti inflammatory activity of the 4ME . F... | 4 methylesculetin 4ME is an antioxidant and intestinal anti inflammatory coumarin. 4ME acts modulating glutathione related enzymes to produce antioxidant properties. 4ME upregulated glutathione reductase GSR activity and gene expression. 4ME upregulated Nrf2 expression leading to GSR regeneration and maintenance. 4ME b... |
S0009279719308762 | Treatment of breast cancer by paclitaxel often encounters therapeutic failure most likely caused by innate acquired resistance . Cancer stem cells and multidrug resistance complex overexpression are main mechanisms implicated in chemoresistance . Increased aldehyde dehrogenase 1 was previously correlated with the stemn... | Combining both curcumin and vitamin D3 to paclitaxel was studied. Paclitaxel alone showed acquired or. resistance both. and. Paclitaxel monotherapy showed increased ALDH 1 and MDR 1 levels. The triple therapy showed the lowest levels of ALDH 1. The triple therapy showed the lowest levels of MDR 1 and tumor size. |
S0009279719308981 | This study evaluates the possible protective effects of gallic acid and ferulic acid against an experimentally induced liver fibrosis by thioacetamide in rats . Animals were divided into Control group GaA group 20mg kg day | Gallic and ferulic acids prevent thioacetamide induced changes in the rat liver. Gallic and ferulic acids inhibit TGF 1 Smad 3 signaling pathway. Gallic and ferulic acids upregulate miR 30 and miR 200 while downregulate miR 21 expressions. |
S0009279719309238 | Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia being its hallmark symptom . The secondary symptom of DM is oxidative stress which leads to the generation of free radicals . Diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy is the long term effect of oxidative stress caused in DM which leads to damage of kidneys and neu... | Study investigated the effect of RES on the pharmacokinetics of DPP 4 inhibitors. and. data depicted that RES altered its pharmacokinetics. The pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated using WinNonLin software. Dose adjustments are necessary when RES is co administered. |
S000927971930941X | This study aimed to investigate the effects of teaghrelin an active ingredient of Chin shin oolong tea on murine C2C12 myoblast cells . Under high serum conditions teaghrelin inhibited C2C12cell proliferation indicating a cell cycle arrest and cessation of proliferative progression . Teaghrelin promoted pro differentia... | Teaghrelin attenuated C2C12 myoblast cell proliferation. Teaghrelin promoted C2C12cell differentiation and myotube formation. Teaghrelin attenuated dexamethasone induced myotube atrophy. Teaghrelin attenuated dexamethasone induced ubiquitin E3 ligase expression. |
S0009279719309913 | Methylmercury and Ethylmercury are toxic to the central nervous system . Human exposure to MeHg and EtHg results mainly from the consumption of contaminated fish and thimerosal containing vaccines respectively . The mechanisms underlying the toxicity of MeHg and EtHg are still elusive . Here we compared the toxic effec... | MeHg and EtHg reduced the growth of. in both liquid and solid medium. The yeast exposed to MeHg and EtHg presented increased levels of reactive species. MeHg and EtHg decreased membrane integrity and increased the granularity of cells. Mutants related to antioxidant pathways had their growth affected by both mercurials... |
S0009279719309925 | Alcohol has been classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer . Studies have demonstrated that alcohol intake increases the risk of breast cancer and alcohol also stimulates breast cancer cell growth . Deregulation of Pol III genes is tightly associated with tumour development... | Betaine decreases the rates of breast cancer cell proliferation and colony formation caused by alcohol. The inhibiting role of betaine in alcohol increased the rates of breast cancer cell growth was in a dose dependent manner. Betaine represses Brf1 and Pol III gene transcription resulting in the inhibition of the cell... |
S0009279719310026 | To investigate the molecular structural and functional impact of aerosols from candidate modified risk tobacco products the Carbon Heated Tobacco Product 1.2 and Tobacco Heating System 2.2 compared with that of mainstream cigarette smoke on the cardiovascular system of ApoE Female ApoE Continuous exposure to cMRTP aero... | cMRTP aerosols induce less atherosclerotic plaque formation than CS. cMRTP aerosols induce lower molecular changes in the aorta and heart tissues than CS. Smoking cessation reverses gene expression changes in the heart ventricle and aorta. |
S0009279719310087 | Usnic acid a dibenzofuran derivative found in many lichen species is reported to have anticancer activity against human gastric cancer . We investigated the molecular alterations associated with anticancer effects of usnic acid against human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS and gastric carcinoma SNU 1cells . Usnic acid treat... | Usnic acid inhibited growth and survival of gastric cancer AGS and SNU 1cells. The viability of normal cells including mouse primary gastric cells was unaffected. It increased the Bax Bcl 2 ratio caspase activation and mitochondrial apoptosis. Enhanced ROS formation ROS mediated DNA damage and p H2A.X Ser139 . Increase... |
S000927971931018X | Cardiovascular disorders constitute the principal cause of deaths worldwide and will continue as the major disease burden by the year 2060 . A significant proportion of heart failures occur because of use and misuse of drugs and most of the investigational agents fail to achieve any clinical relevance . Here we investi... | Rosuvastatin and retinoic acid diminish myocardial injury induced by isoprenaline in rats. Rosuvastatin and retinoic acid may show pleiotropic action. Have antioxidant properties against isoprenaline induced cardiac stress. Mitigate inflammatory response induced by isoprenaline in cardiac tissue. Affect various factors... |
S0009279719310191 | Environmental pollutant Lead is known to induce neurotoxicity in human . The central nervous system is the most vulnerable to the minute levels of Pb induced toxicity . Pb has been linked to Alzheimer s disease as a probable risk factor as it shows epigenetic and developmental link associated with Alzheimer s disease l... | Depletion in the levels of calcium ions could play a vital role in inducing cell death in Lead involved Alzheimer s disease. Lead enhances the molecular aggregation of beta amyloid peptides invitro. Lead in the presence of amyloid peptides inhibits neuronal outgrowth by inactivating GAP 43. |
S0009279719310555 | Currently few herbal pharmacokinetic parameters have been applied successfully for therapeutic monitoring because of the complexity of consistency when there are multiple chemicals and efficacies . The present study aims to evaluate the herbal PK properties by investigating the PK parameters of the 8 absorbed bioactive... | The activity by Fructus aurantii Magnolia Bark formula are related to 8 compounds. 8 compounds almost replicated the parent formula FM in terms of efficacy. The Pharmacokinetic of the 8 absorbed compounds in rats are studied. |
S0009279719310646 | Hemangioma is one of the commonest benign vascular tumors among children . Propranolol is the first line therapeutic drug for hemangioma . However the effects and mechanisms of propranolol in hemangioma have not been thoroughly elaborated . In this study the effects and mechanisms of propranolol were explored using hem... | Propranolol inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in HemECs. Propranolol inhibited Ang 2 and Tie 2 expression in HemECs. Propranolol inhibited the Akt pathway by regulating Ang 2 expression. |
S0009279719310968 | Overconsumption of alcohol could lead to severe liver injury that connects with oxidative stress apoptosis and inflammatory response . Previously we proved that p coumaric acid prevents ethanol induced reproductive toxicity however p coumaric acid on ethanol mediated hepatotoxicity has not been examined yet . In our wo... | PCA protects alcohol induced both L 02 and HepG2 hepatic cells. PCA attenuates ethanol induced oxidative stress by inhibiting MAPKs. PCA also regulates liver regulating biomarkers and antioxidants. PCA prevents alcohol induced apoptosis and depletion of Nrf2 related proteins. PCA can be considered as alternative therap... |
S000927971931097X | Cyclo peptide CLP is a marine natural metabolite and well recognized as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent with limited studies on anticancer activity . The current study aims to determine the effect of CLP on migration and growth of triple negative breast cancer cell lines . The anti growth potential was evaluated... | Cyclo L Leucyl L Prolyl treatment induced cytotoxicity and reduced the viability of triple negative breast cancer cells. It also induced the DNA damage and apoptosis in TNBC cells. It inhibited migration and proliferation of TNBC cells. It reduced the cell surface expression of CD151 and its interaction with EGFR. It a... |
S0009279719311123 | Lithium and cannabinoids can disrupt learning and memory performance . The goal of the present study is to investigate the additive or synergistic effect of lithium and cannabinoid combination doses on spatial learning and memory in rats by isobolographic analyses . Although several studies have suggested synergistic e... | Lithium and ACPA showed synergistic effect on spatial learning and memory. Effect of lithium and ACPA on glutamate transmission may lead to synergistic effect. Effect of lithium and ACPA on calcium signaling may lead to synergistic effect. Effect of lithium and ACPA on GSK 3beta activity may lead to synergistic effect.... |
S0009279719311238 | Angina pectoris can be used as an early warning for coronary artery disease . Vasodilation is an important mechanism of angina pectoris . Traditional Chinese medicine Compound Danshen Dripping Pill is widely used to improve the symptoms of cardiovascular diseases . To investigate the influence of vasodilation effect an... | CDDP can inhibit norepinephrine induced aortic contraction tension. Target fishing combined iTRAQ revealed the mechanism of CDDP on vasodilation. PP1 Ednrb and Rasgrf1 were the regulating proteins of CDDP. |
S0009279719311263 | Cytochrome P450 2E1 is the major P450 enzyme involved in ethanol metabolism . That role is shared with two other enzymes that oxidize ethanol alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase . P450 2E1 is also involved in the bioactivation of a number of low molecular weight cancer suspects as validated | P450 2E1 contributes to ethanol metabolism. P450 2E1 also has a role in the oxidation of some drugs and chemical carcinogens. P450 2E1 does not cause global oxidative stress but it can be local. The kinetic mechanism is unusual and leads to some apparent anomalies. Single nucleotide variations exist but have not been i... |
S0009279719311652 | Clopidogrel a clinically used antiplatelet agent can be readily hydrolyzed by human carboxylesterase 1A to release an inactive metabolite clopidogrel carboxylic acid . In this study clopidogrel was used as a tool substrate to investigate the interspecies variation of clopidogrel hydrolysis in hepatic microsomes from va... | Interspecies variation of clopidogrel hydrolysis in liver microsomes from various species was investigated. Mammalian CES are major contributor s responsible for clopidogrel hydrolysis in all tested hepatic microsomes. The response of esterase inhibitors on clopidogrel hydrolysis varied significantly among different sp... |
S0009279719311664 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease with a drastically growing worldwide prevalence . It is usually associated with numerous complications of which diabetic nephropathy is a main complication of microvasculature and more seriously a common cause of end stage renal disease . Unfortunately both the lack of a definitive... | IL33 ST2 signaling is activated in T2DM induced renal injury. IL33 ST2 axis is associated with inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic kidney. Calycosin treatment preserved renal structure and function in diabetic rats. |
S0009279719311755 | Graves orbitopathy is a sight threatening ocular disease that occurs in patients with hyperthyroidism and is especially associated with oxidative stress . Polydatin is a major active component of | Graves orbitopathy GO is an ocular disease associated with hyperthyroidism. Plant derived polydatin PD has anti inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We investigated the effects of PD on H. induced oxidative stress in GO. PD reduced ROS and inhibited adipogenesis in orbital fibroblasts. PD attenuated oxidative stres... |
S0009279719311767 | Liver fibrosis is a common pathological consequence of liver injury which increases liver failure related morbidity and mortality . Hence anti fibrotic treatment is urgently needed . Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the progression of liver fibrosis . Thus targeting ROS may be an effective strategy for liver fi... | Benzoquinone derivatives exhibit anti liver fibrosis activity in TAA induced mice. Having anti oxidant properties to regulate the redox balance of cells. Inhibition of the oxidant stress in LX 2cells. Alleviation of the TLR4 mediated inflammatory response. Showing the ability that inducing the apoptosis of LX 2cells. |
S0009279719311822 | Hyperproliferation and oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia in mesangial cells plays crucial roles in the pathological process of diabetic nephropathy . Farrerol isolated from rhododendron leaves possesses broad anti oxidative and anti inflammatory properties towards several diseases but its role in diabetic neuro... | HG stimulated MC proliferation inflammation ECM deposition and ROS production. FAR dose dependently inhibited HG induced MC proliferation and ECM deposition. FAR exerted anti oxidative effect on HG induced MCs via modulating ROS Nox4 ERK. TGF 1 Smad2 was involved in FAR Nox4 mediated ECM deposition in HG induced MCs. |
S0009279719311883 | The microtubule inhibitor class of chemotherapeutics provide an effective treatment for several different types of cancers however severe chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy is a major dose limiting toxicity in patients that limits their use . While CIPN was predicted with MTIs based on histopathology and functi... | In vitro MT properties binding and dynamicity have been assessed for many MTIs. MTI s with less severe CIPN have reduced. MT affinity and binding. An MTI with less severe CIPN also had more MT binding in absence of neuronal MTs. In vitro MT properties may be used to develop MTIs with less severe CIPN. |
S0009279719311901 | Trigonelline is a plant alkaloid that has generated interest for its neuroprotective roles in brain pathology . However the protective effect of trigonelline on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and the potential mechanism have not been fully evaluated . Our results showed that trigonelline pretreatment ameliorated ... | Trigonelline ameliorated OGD R induced hippocampal neurons injury. Trigonelline ameliorated OGD R induced oxidative stress in hippocampal neurons. Trigonelline attenuated OGD R induced inflammatory response in neurons. Trigonelline inhibited OGD R induced cell apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. Trigonelline affected PI3... |
S0009279719311986 | Quinolinic acid known as a neuro active metabolite associated with the kynurenine pathway . At high concentrations QA is often involved in the initiation and development of several human neurologic diseases like Alzheimer s disease . Because of the QA action as the NMDA receptor it is considered as a potent excitotoxin | Quinolinic acid QA known as a neuro active metabolite. QA strongly accelerate Tau amyloid oligomerization. Electrostatic interactions accompanied by hydrogen bonding guarantee relatively tight binding of QA to the protein. Regarding elevated concentrations of both QA and Tau it is very likely that QA contribute to the ... |
S0009279719312001 | The extensive use of silver nanoparticles in manufactured products will inevitably increase environmental exposure highlighting the importance of accurate toxicity assessments . A frequent strategy to estimate AgNP cytotoxicity is to use absorbance or fluorescent based assays . In this study we report that AgNPs with o... | Most of the AgNPs tested and silver ions caused the direct reduction of MTT. Some AgNPs caused fluorescence quenching of Hoechst and Neutral red dyes. All AgNPs tested showed negligible interference with Resazurin dye. Interference is dependent on the AgNP type and dye. We recommend interference testing of AgNP with sp... |
S0009279719312190 | Synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles are used widely in industrial applications . These nanoparticles are not classified for their carcinogenicity in humans . However some data still demonstrate a potential carcinogenic risk of these compounds in humans . The Bhas 42cell line was developed to screen chemicals as tu... | Synthetic amorphous silica nanomaterials induce transformation of Bhas 42cells. Early modulated signaling pathways are linked to cell adhesion and proliferation. Twelve genes were selected based on their potential role in cell transformation. These genes may serve as early markers of Bhas 42cell transformation induced ... |
S0009279719312220 | Pregnane X receptor is a ligand activated transcription factor and nuclear receptor expressed ubiquitously along gut liver axis . Inflammatory bowel disorders have been reported to implicate PXR in maintaining tight junction integrity and countering inflammation . However the hepatoprotective role of PXR activation in ... | Ginkgolide A attenuates markers of bacterial translocation in cirrhotic mice. Ginkgolide A alleviates liver enzymes liver fibrosis ascites in cirrhotic mice. Ginkgolide A activates Pregnane X Receptor along gut liver axis of cirrhotic mice. Ginkgolide A improves gut tight junctions ZO1 and Occludin in cirrhotic mice. G... |
S0009279719312396 | Di n butyl phthalate is a pollutant that is widely present in the environment . We have previously demonstrated that maternal exposure to DBP resulted in renal fibrosis in offspring but the underlying mechanism was not well elucidated . Therefore the current study aims to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms ... | Maternal exposure to DBP resulted in renal fibrosis in offspring involving increased expression of the HhIP gene. DBP related HhIP expression leaded to impaired activation of hedgehog signaling in offspring kidneys. Autophagy and hedgehog signaling may play a role in DBP induced renal fibrosis in offspring. |
S0009279719312475 | Non alcoholic steatohepatitis has been associated with fibrosis that may progress to cirrhosis . The purpose of this study was to examine hepatocytes and perisinusoidal cells in liver biopsies of 3 families with non cirrhotic and cirrhotic NASH to determine unique histological changes during a period of 27 years from d... | Non alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD is the liver manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is the leading cause of chronic liver disease. Non alcoholic steatohepatitis NASH leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma HCC . NAFLD leading to HCC was assessed in three families. The histology includes giant li... |
S0009279719312657 | 1 2 3 triazolium salts are poorly understood regarding their antileishmanial activity . Hence as an effort to identify novel chemical scaffolds as antileishmanial agents a series of 1 2 3 triazolium salts | New triazoles derivatives were synthesized and assayed against. with an iodide anion and a side chain of 10 carbon atoms showed the best selective biological activity. presents itself as 1.5 times more active against intracellular amastigotes of. than miltefosine. The antileishmanial activity is mediated via mitochondr... |
S000927971931275X | Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity has been well documented although the causing mechanisms and preventative measures need further investigation . The current study aimed to explore the potential protective impacts of celecoxib a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity and the potential... | Celecoxib has an ameliorative effect against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. Celecoxib increased urine Cr and CCr serum albumin GSH and SOD. Celecoxib lowered kidney weight RSI proteinuria serum Cr BUN LDH MDA and NOx. Celecoxib decreased NFB p65 TNF P53 and caspase 3 and COX 2 immunoreactivity. Celecoxib suppressed... |
S0009279719312761 | Bone defects caused by cancer surgery or trauma have a strong negative impact on human health . Treatment with cell and material based complexes provides an alternative strategy for the regeneration of damaged bone tissue . The good physical properties and suitable biodegradability of a thermosensitive hydrogel has bee... | PDGFBB promoted SCAP cells proliferation. PDGFBB stimulated the expression of osteogenic and angiogenic genes in SCAPs. Thermosensitive hydrogel was suitable for cell 3D culture. Cell and material based complex was found to be a promising therapeutic strategy for bone regeneration. |
S0009279719312955 | Ethanol is a recreationally ingested compound that is both teratogenic and carcinogenic in humans . Because of its abundant consumption worldwide and the vital role of stem cells in the formation of birth defects and cancers delineating the effects of EtOH on stem cell function is currently an active and urgent pursuit... | Ethanol alters lineage specification during embryonic stem cell differentiation. Acetaldehyde activates retinoic acid signaling in embryonic stem cells. Acetaldehyde compromises the genomic integrity of hematopoietic stem cells. |
S0009279719313183 | Alcoholism synergizes the development of the hepatocellular carcinoma in patients infected with hepatitis B or C virus . Tumor initiating stem like cells are refractory to therapy and have expression of stemness transcription factors . Leaky gut derived endotoxin stimulates TLR4 NANOG pathway that skews asymmetric cell... | Co morbidity of life style factors with viral hepatitis synergizes HCC development. TLR4 NANOG pathway metabolically reprograms drug resistance TICs. HCV mediated mechanisms promote genesis of TICs to synergize oncogenesis. Inactivation of NUMB skews asymmetric cell division to generate TICs. Dysregulated LncRNAs gener... |
S0009279719313201 | Epidemiological evidence underscores alcohol consumption as a strong risk factor for multiple cancer types with liver cancer being most commonly associated with alcohol intake . While mechanisms linking alcohol consumption to malignant tumor development are not fully understood the likely players in ethanol induced car... | Alcohol can induce cancer in heavy drinkers via multiple mechanisms. Sphingolipids emerged as important players in alcohol induced carcinogenesis. Sphingolipid p53 axis could be critical in alcohol induced cancer. Studies of sphingolipid p53 axis could lead to novel cancer prevention strategies. |
S0009279719313298 | Multiple targeting compounds might reduce complex polypharmacy of multifactorial diseases such as diabetes and contribute to the greater therapeutic success . Targeting reactive oxygen species producing enzymes as xanthine oxidase might suppress progression of diabetes associated vascular complications . In this study ... | Two tested benzimidazoles inhibited DPP 4 and XO with IC. value lower than 200M. Binding modes of both dual inhibitors with two target enzymes were predicted. Assayed dual inhibitors were not cytotoxic to a greater extent for Caco 2cells. |
S0009279719313468 | Stearoyl CoA desaturase generates monounsaturated fatty acids which contribute to cell growth survival differentiation metabolic regulation and signal transduction . Overexpression of SCD is evident and implicated in metabolic diseases such as diabetes and non alcoholic fatty liver disease . SCD also stimulates canonic... | Stearoyl CoA desaturase which produces monounsaturated fatty acids is increasingly recognized to promote malignancies of different organs and this review article discusses potential mechanisms underlying this link. |
S0009279719313572 | The biotoxin okadaic acid is a lipophilic secondary metabolite of marine microalgae . Therefore OA accumulates in the fatty tissue of various shellfish and may thus enter the food chain . The ingestion of OA via contaminated marine species can lead to the diarrhetic shellfish poisoning syndrome characterized by the occ... | HepaRG cells are a suitable. model comparing long vs. short term exposure. Okadaic acid induces presumably intrinsic apoptosis after short term treatment. HepaRG cells compensated OA long term treatment with regard to apoptosis induction. |
S0009279719313584 | Cancer has emerged as the main cause of the highest rate of mortality in the world . Drugs used in cancer although show some beneficial effects on cancerous organs demonstrate side effects on other normal tissues . On the other hand anticancer peptides being effective on target tissues should be safe and less harmful o... | In this study analogues of Longicalcynin A an anticancer cyclopeptide were synthesized by SPPS method. The cytotoxicity analyses of the peptides were evaluated against HepG2 HT 29 and fibroblast as control cell lines. By these peptides apoptosis was most probably occurred as flow cytometry analysis demonstrated. Apopto... |
S0009279719313626 | Antimicrobial resistance remains a serious problem that results in high mortality and increased healthcare costs globally . One of the major issues is that resistant pathogens decrease the efficacy of conventional antimicrobials . Accordingly development of novel antimicrobial agents and therapeutic strategies is urgen... | Reactive oxygen species ROS could combat antimicrobial resistance. ROS are used as an antimicrobial strategy because of their toxicity to a broad range of microbial pathogens. ROS exert antimicrobial activity via an induction of oxidative stress in microbial cells. Oxidative stress caused by ROS leads to microbial DNA ... |
S0009279719313663 | Bone mesenchymal stem cells are a well known donor graft source due to their potential for self renewal and differentiation into multi lineage cell types including osteoblasts that are critical for fracture healing . Fasudil a Rho kinase inhibitor has been proven to induce the differentiation of bone marrow stem cells ... | We firstly found that Fasudil can induce the osteogenesis of BMSCs. Fasudil enhances the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through the MAPK P38 signaling pathway. Fasudil may be a promising agent for promoting fracture healing in addition to its function on cerebral vasospasms. |
S0009279719313821 | Relapse and drug resistance is still major challenges in the treatment of leukemia . Promethazine an antihistaminic phenothiazine derivative has been used to prevent chemotherapy induced emesis although there is no report about its antitumor potential . Thus we evaluated the promethazine cytotoxicity against several le... | Resistance to chemotherapy is a clinical challenge in leukemia therapy. Antiallergic small molecule promethazine is used as antiemetic in cancer patients. Promethazine induced a selective leukemia cell death through autophagy apoptosis. For the first time the antitumor effects of promethazine were described. |
S0009279719313857 | Quaternary ammonium compounds and cetylpyridinium chloride constitute a group of cationic surfactants are widely used for personal hygiene and medical care despite the potential pulmonary toxicity . To examine whether BAC and CPC aerosols deposited in the alveolar region alter pulmonary function we studied the effects ... | Deposition of disinfectant on the lung surface alter the alveolar surface activity. Disinfectants change the shape of A isotherm in pulmonary surfactant monolayer. A hydrophobic tail hydrocarbon group of disinfectant interacts with surfactant lipid. Disinfectants result in smaller condensed lipid domain of pulmonary mo... |
S0009279719313894 | The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are the highest among cancer related deaths . However the long term use of currently available cytotoxic drugs can increase genetic alterations in cancer cells and cause drug resistance which significantly limits their usage . Since current systemic treatment options are limit... | Ganoderic acid DM a natural compound induced apoptosis of A549 and NCIH460cells. Ganoderic acid DM promoted autophagic flux which contributed to it induced cell death in NSCLC. Ganoderic acid DM increased autophagy and apoptosis through inhibition of Akt mTOR pathway. |
S0009279719313997 | The isoquinoline 7 fluoro 1 3 diphenylisoquinoline 1 amine has been studied due to its multitarget properties such as modulation of GABAergic and glutamatergic systems antioxidant and anti inflammatory . This study investigated the contribution of oxidative stress nuclear factor like 2 heme oxygenase signaling and the ... | FDPI treatment was effective against memory impairment induced by scopolamine in mice. FDPI modulated AChE and M1 receptor contents in mice exposed to scopolamine. FDPI reversed oxidative stress induced by scopolamine in prefrontal cortex of mice. Oxidative stress and Nrf2 HO 1 signaling contributed to the action of FD... |
S000927971931405X | Acute pancreatitis is a sudden pancreatic inflammation accompanied by an excessive reactive oxygen species production that provokes inflammation . The present study investigated whether carvedilol can protect against | Carvedilol was able to protect against acute pancreatitis induced by. arginine. Carvedilol blocked inflammatory mediators induction and reduced the pancreas injury. Carvedilol could be used as a prophylactic agent or adjuvant therapy for AP. |
S0009279719314061 | Heart failure is an epidemic disease with increased incidence annually . It has been reported that taurine can improve cardiac function . This study investigated the cardioprotective effects of taurine in pressure loaded HF mice and elucidated the possible mechanism . HF models were established by transverse aortic con... | Taurine can improve cardiac function of HF mice. Taurine concentration dependently activated the SIRT1 expression in TAC mice. Taurine inhibited pressure overload induced p53 acetylation via a SIRT1 pathway. |
S000927971931422X | The lack of predictivity of animal s models has increased the failure rate of drug candidates . Thus the reversion of this scenario using preliminary | Pre. assays such as MTT and NR assays can reduce unnecessary mice experiments when used in appropriated framework. RN104 showed low cytotoxicity profile on cell based assays. RN104 proposed metabolites could indicate potential sites for further investigation. |
S000927971931436X | Tebuconazole is a broad spectrum conazole fungicide that has been used in agriculture in the control of foliar and soil borne diseases of many crops . The present study has investigated the adverse effects of subchronic exposure to TEB on the kidney of male rats . Animals were divided into four equal groups and treated... | TEB exposure induced oxidative stress in the kidney. TEB exposure increased MDA PC and AOPP levels. TEB treated rats showed modified endogenous antioxidants activity. TEB exposure was associated with biochemical and histopathological changes. TEB exposure induced DNA damage and apoptosis induction. |
S0009279719314383 | Oxidized low density lipoprotein induced endothelial inflammation plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases . G protein coupled receptors are gaining traction as potential treatment targets due to their roles in mediating a wide range of physiological processes . GPR120 is a recently identif... | Expression of GPR120 is downregulated by ox LDL. GPR120 agonism reduces ox LDL induced oxidative stress. GPR120 agonism reduces ox LDL induced inflammation. GPR120 agonism prevents monocyte attachment to endothelial cells. GPR120 agonism rescues ox LDL induced reduced expression of KLF2. |
S0009279719314395 | Alzheimer s disease the most common form of dementia is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal atrophy in various brain regions . The expression of miR 107 is down regulated in AD patients and target genes of miR 107 have been shown to directly involved in AD . In this study we aimed to investigate the p... | miR 107 targets programmed cell death 10. miR 107 overexpression inhibits 6 OHDA induced neurotoxicity. miR 107 may be a therapeutic target for AD treatment. |
S0009279719314474 | Type II diabetes is recognized as a major risk factor for death due to cardiovascular complications such as coronary heart disease but the complex interplay between these two diseases remains poorly understood . Suppression of oxidative stress apoptosis and inflammation of endothelial cells is a valuable treatment stra... | Saxagliptin improves cell viability. m and oxidative stress in H9c2 cells. Saxagliptin leads to downregulation of MMP 2 and MMP 9 induced by hypoxia. Saxagliptin attenuates upregulation of HMGB1 and MyD88 induced by hypoxia. The cardioprotective effects of saxagliptin are mediated by Nrf2 HO 1. |
S000927971931453X | Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract has been reported to exhibit a variety of protective effects such as antioxidant anti atherosclerosis and other pharmacological effects . As a member of the complement system complement component 3 deposition in the glomerulus is recognized as an important causative mediator of vario... | GSPE mitigates the release of C3 to renal interstitium by macrophages in UUO. Secretion of C3 appears to promote HMGB1 translocation that is inhibited by GSPE. GSPE suppressed HMGB1 TLR4 p65 pathway thereby inhibiting production of TGF 1. |
S0009279719314553 | The toxic effects of poly based polymeric nanoparticles must be analyzed before their biomedical applications as drug delivery systems . The aim of the study was to characterize and evaluate the toxicity for its biocompatibility of a newly synthesized | glutamic acid g poly HEMA was synthesized successfully. The characterization of nanoparticle was determined. The toxicity of the. glutamic acid g poly HEMA was determined on in vitro assays. glutamic acid g poly HEMA has a potential for use as drug delivery systems. |
S0009279719314607 | Tripartite motif protein family is a group of proteins which belongs to RING family of ubiquitin E3 ligases . TRIM proteins are involved in oncogenesis while the roles in different cancers are controversial . However the expression pattern and biological functions of TRIM47 in breast cancer remain unclear . In the pres... | TRIM47 was significantly up regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. TRIM47 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. TRIM47 knockdown suppressed tumor growth. TRIM47 knockdown inhibited the activation of PI3K Akt pathway in breast cancer cells. |
S0009279719314759 | Zebrafish inflammation models were used to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of isoniazid and preliminarily investigate the underlying mechanism . Local acute and systemic zebrafish inflammation models were established by tail cutting copper sulfate CuSO Compared to those observed in the control inflammation mode... | INH exhibited a notable anti inflammatory effect. INH mediated decrease in ROS production. INH resulted in the activation of PPAR expression. INH leaded to the inhibition of the transcriptional activity of NF B and AP 1. INH inhibited the expression of related inflammatory factors. |
S0009279719314875 | Chondrocytes in joints are responsible for the formation and remodeling of articular cartilage . The accumulation of advanced glycation end products in cartilage is detrimental to the survival of chondrocytes . Linagliptin is one of the most commonly used anti diabetes agents and recent work indicates that it exerts an... | Linagliptin reduced AGEs induced increase in ROS and protein carboxyl. Linagliptin protected ATDC5 cells against AGEs induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Linagliptin reduced AGEs induced expression of NOX 4 HMGB 1 and MMP 2 9. Linagliptin prevented AGEs induced apoptosis in a mitochondria dependent pathway. |
S0009279719314899 | Irinotecan is a chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer and elevated blood concentrations of its active metabolite SN 38 leads to increased gastrointestinal toxicity and diarrhea in patients . In this study we investigated the effects of inflammation on the pharmacokinetics of irinotec... | The Effects of Inflammation on Irinotecan CPT 11 PK were investigated. SN 38 blood concentrations and AUC were increased in mice with inflammation. Entero hepatic recycling EHR was found to increase SN 38 exposure. A best fit PK model was developed with irinotecan SN 38 and EHR compartments. The developed model predict... |
S0009279719314917 | Pulmonary hypertension is distal pulmonary arterial remodelling and is mainly due to the abnormal proliferation and apoptosis resistance of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells . Apigenin a natural dietary flavonoid is a promising PH preventive agent that inhibits PASMC proliferation and induces apoptosis . In this stu... | Apigenin ameliorate hypoxia induced PAH and pulmonary arterial remodelling. Apigenin induced mitochondria dependent apoptosis. Apigenin attenuates PH via inhibiting the HIF 1 KV1.5 channel pathway. |
S0009279719315030 | mTOR inhibitors are considered today to be one of the most promising anticancer drugs . Here to study the mechanism of the acquired resistance of MCF 7 breast cancer cells to mTOR inhibitors two different models of the cell resistance were used rapamycin resistant MCF 7 Rap subline developed under long term rapamycin t... | Novel cell sublines with resistance to mTOR inhibitors were developed. Activation of mTOR interacting Raptor protein Akt and AP 1 factor are associated with resistance. Wortmannin restores cell sensitivity to mTOR inhibitors. mir 181c is involved in the cell resistance to mTOR inhibitors. |
S0009279719315078 | Osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent degenerative joint diseases and the risk of developing OA significantly increases with age as well as with concomitant diseases such as diabetes . Advanced glycation end products accumulate in the body over time and are associated with increased expression of various molecule... | AGEs reduces the expression of GLP 1R in human SW1353 chondrocytes. Dulaglutide ameliorates AGEs induced degradation of type II collagen and aggrecan. Dulaglutide inhibits the expressions of MMP 3 MMP 13 ADAMTS 4 and ADAMTS 5. Dulaglutide reduces AGEs induced expressions of IL 6 IL 8 MCP 1 COX 2 PGE. The effects of dul... |
S0009279719315200 | Carbon monoxide is an inorganic chemical compound that can bind with hemoglobin with highly toxic effects . In living organisms it is produced endogenously during the degradation of heme by oxygenase which occurs in three isoforms HO 1 HO 2 and HO 3 . CO can play an important role in the regulation of many physiologica... | CO is an inorganic chemical compound that can bind with hemoglobin. It is produced endogenously during the degradation of heme by oxygenase. CO can play an important role in the regulation of many physiological functions. CORMs are group of chemical compounds capable of controlled CO. |
S0009279719315443 | The aim of this study was the synthesis of ion doped silica based nanoparticles and the evaluation of their toxic effect on erythrocytes . Their synthesis was performed using the sol gel method by the progressive addition of calcium magnesium and copper ions on pure silica nanoparticles . The toxicity evaluation was ba... | Addition of Mg and Cu in SNs improved their hemocompatibility. All SNs concentrations lower than 0.125mg mL are hemocompatible. Ion doping in SNs protected erythrocytes from oxidative stress. Higher amount of H. species detected by LC MS have been generated in un doped SNs. |
S0009279719315637 | Mineral oils are widely applied in food production and processing and may contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . The PAHs that may be present in mineral oils are typically alkylated and have been barely studied . Metabolic oxidation of the aromatic ring is a key step to form DNA reactive PAH metabolites but may be ... | Alkyl substitution of naphthalene shifts metabolism in favor of alkyl side chain oxidation at the cost of aromatic ring oxidation. Metabolism and bioactivation of naphthalene is hampered when the alkyl substituent contains over 6 carbon atoms. Alkylation of PAHs likely reduces their chances on aromatic oxidation and po... |
S0009279719315893 | Stroke has been considered the second leading cause of death worldwide and ischemic stroke accounts for the vast majority of stroke cases . Some of the main features of ischemic stroke are increased brain permeability ischemia reperfusion injury oxidative stress and acute inflammation . Antagonism of cysLT1R has been s... | Zafirlukast protected against MCAO induced brain infarction and neurological deficit. Zafirlukast protected against MCAO induced increase in brain permeability and reduction of occludin and ZO 1. Zafirlukast suppressed OGD R induced endothelial monolayer permeability. Zafirlukast prevented OGD R induced MMP 2 and MMP 9... |
S0009279719315947 | Exposure to mycotoxins is mostly by ingestion but also occurs by the dermal and inhalation routes . The present study for the first time demonstrated that mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol permeates through | Deoxynivalenol DON a trichothecene mycotoxin penetrates through mice skin. Protein Kinase C is involved in DON induced upregulation of COX2 and iNOS proteins. Celecoxib reduces DON induced epidermal inflammation and cell proliferation. Skin Permeation potential of Celecoxib is lower as compared to the oral route. Celec... |
S0009279719315984 | Ferroptosis is recently identified form of regulated cell death which differs from previously identified cell death in a way that it is driven by iron dependent lipid peroxide accumulation . Morphologically cell volume shrinkage and increased mitochondrial membrane density are main features which characterize this form... | Ferroptosis a newly discovered iron dependent programmed cell death. Ferroptosis activation a promising strategy for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention in cancer. Ferroptosis inducing agents as an attractive therapeutic strategy. Ferroptosis induction involved suppression of the phospholipid GPX4. |
S0009279719316023 | Endemic fluorosis is a serious problem in public health affecting thousands of people . Abnormal proliferation and activation of osteoblasts in skeletal fluorosis lesions play a leading role and osteoblast proliferation is finely regulated by the cell cycle . There are a few reports on fluoride induced DNA methylation ... | Fluoride exposure induced up regulation of. down regulation of. No changes in methylation status of. were found in fluoride exposure. Down regulation of. induced by fluoride is attributable to its hypermethylation. Hypermethylation of the. gene can serve as a potential biomarker for fluorosis. |
S0009279719316114 | Osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases in aging people . The activation of chondrocytes and their dysregulation are closely related to the pathogenesis of OA . GPR55 is an unique orphan G receptor which binds to cannabinoids . In this study we explored the role of GPR55 in advanced glycati... | AGEs increased the expression of GPR55 in human ATDC5 chondrocytes. CID16020046 ameliorated AGEs induced ROS production and Nrf2 reduction. CID16020046 reduced AGEs induced COX 2 iNOS expression and PGE. and NO production. CID16020046 inhibited AGEs induced MMP 3 MMP 13 and degradation of type collagen. CID16020046 sup... |
S0009279719316151 | The transmission of T 2 toxin and its metabolites into the edible tissues of poultry has potential effects on human health . The bile acid and xenobiotic system composes an intricate physiological network of chemoprotective and transporter related functions which ensures the detoxification and removal of harmful xenobi... | Bile acid increases the expression of the xenobiotic enzymes. Bile Acid enhances metabolism of T 2 toxin. Bile Acid attenuates oxidative stress. |
S0009279719316163 | Type 2 diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and low grade inflammation resulting in endothelial dysfunction . This study determined to explore the protective effects of berry derived anthocyanins with potent antioxidant and anti inflammatory activities in human diabetic endothelial cells upon oxidative and infl... | T2DM is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation resulting in ED. Anthocyanins AC decreased H. induced cytotoxicity in both HAEC D HAEC. AC reduced LPSinduced IL6 production in the diabetic endothelial cell line. AC treatment inhibited LPSinduced caspase 1 activation in D HEAC. AC protected D HAECs via anti in... |
S0009279719316369 | Pulpal infection is one of the most common causes of dental emergency admission . Tooth pain due to infection caused by gram negative bacteria is the main manifestation of this sort of dental problem . The GPR173 signaling pathway is a highly conserved G protein coupled receptor that mediates neurological and reproduct... | LPS reduced the expression of GPR173 in human dental pulp cells hDPCs . Phoenixin 20 reduced LPS induced release of LDH in hDPCs. Phoenixin 20 reduced LPS induced IL 6 MCP 1 VCAM 1 ICAM 1 MMP 2 and MMP 9. Phoenixin 20 abolished LPS induced activation of TLR4 Myd 88 NF kB in hDPCs. |
S0009279719316497 | As one of the main active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine A rat model of rheumatoid arthritis was induced by subcutaneous injection of complete Freund s adjuvant in the footpad . The model was established 14 days after induction . The treatment was performed from 14th day to 35th day with different doses of andr... | Andrographolide inhibits neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase activity in arthritic rats. Andrographolide reduces neutrophil aggregation in joint inflammation by affecting neutrophil chemotactic factors. Andrographolide reduces arthritis oxidative stress levels and inhibits inflammation. |
S000927971931659X | Methylmercury is a neurotoxicant that poses risk to human health and the environment while glutamate homeostasis is necessary for the proper functioning of the brain . We have previously shown an increase in oxidative stress after cockroach exposure to diet containing monosodium glutamate both separately and combined w... | MeHg alone downregulated mRNA levels of. and. 5 in experimental cockroaches. MeHg MSG upregulated downregulated mRNA levels of. and. 5 in exposed cockroaches. MeHg NaCl and MeHg MSG upregulated G. and. T in cockroaches. ICP AES analysis showed an increase in mercury Hg levels in the MeHg treated groups in the heads of ... |
S0009279719316643 | Over the years the attention of researchers in the field of modern drug discovery and development has become further intense on the identification of active compounds from plant sources and traditional remedies as they exhibit higher therapeutic efficacies and improved toxicological profiles . Among the large diversity... | Asperuloside have potent medicinal properties including antiobesity and anti inflammatory. Asperuloside inhibited the increase in body weight and visceral fat weight. The anti inflammatory mechanism of Asperuloside was demonstrated in LPS induced RAW 264.7cells. The anticancer activity of Asperuloside was comparable wi... |
S0009279719316771 | Fatty liver is the hepatic consequence of chronic insulin resistance and related syndromes . It is mostly accompanied by inflammatory and oxidative molecules . Increased activity of xanthine oxidase exerts both inflammatory and oxidative effects and has been implicated in metabolic derangements including non alcoholic ... | Nicotine exposure induces excess hepatic lipid. Nicotine increases XO activity. Acetate protects against hepatic effects of nicotine. Acetate suppresses XO in nicotine treated rats. |
S0009279719316825 | Endocrine therapies targeting estrogen action are effective in decreasing mortality of breast cancer . However their efficacy is limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance . Our previous study demonstrated that overexpression of a histone methyltransferase NSD2 drives tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells and t... | DZNep potently induces the degradation of NSD2 protein. DZNep inhibits the expression of NSD2 target genes HK2 G6PD GLUT1 and TIGAR involved in the pentose phosphate pathway. DZNep decreases cell production of NADPH and glutathione GSH and elevated ROS. DZNep inhibits TamR breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo |
S0009279719316904 | Homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 has emerged as a crucial stress responsive kinase that plays a critical role in regulating cell survival and apoptosis . However whether HIPK2 participates in regulating cardiomyocyte survival during myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury remains unclear . Here we investigated t... | HIPK2 expression was induced by H R in cardiomyocytes. Loss of HIPK2 enhances the sensitivity of cardiomyocytes to H R injury. HIPK2 overexpression protects cardiomyocytes from H R injury. HIPK2 regulates H R injury through Nrf2 ARE signaling. |
S000927971931703X | Excess weight and obesity increase the risk of developing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease . Lignin comprises 20 30 of the global plant biomass however it is not well utilized because of its resistance to chemical and biological degradation . We investigated whether low molecular weight oxidized lignopheno... | Obesity increases the risk of major risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Low molecular weight oxidized lignophenol LOLP a lignin derivative was prepared. LOLP suppressed macrophage infiltration and the increase in fibrotic area in the kidneys of a high fat diet HFD fed mice. LOLP upregulated AMP activated protein k... |
S0009279719317193 | Cantharidin is a traditional Chinese medicine that shows an anticancer effects in multiple types of cancer cells . However the mechanism of CTD anti cancer function in gastric cancer is still unclear . The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism that CTD inhibits proliferation and migration... | Cantharidin suppressed MGC803 and BGC823cell metastasis by inhibiting PI3K Akt signal pathway in vitro. Down regulated CCAT1 by cantharidin may inhibit gastric cancer metastasis. CCAT1 may regulate PI3K Akt signal pathway in gastric cancer cell. |
S0009279719317259 | Heroin is a highly addictive opioid drug synthesized from morphine . The use of heroin and incidence of heroin associated overdose death has increased sharply in the US . Heroin is primarily metabolized via deacetylation forming the active metabolites 6 monoacetylmorphine and morphine . A diminution in heroin hydrolysi... | Hepatic carboxylesterase 1 contributes to 3.66 of heroin hydrolysis in the liver. Carboxylesterase 1 G143E variant unlikely to clinically impact heroin metabolism. Cannabidiol is a potent in vitro inhibitor of the two step hydrolysis of heroin. Cannabidiol can potentially interact with heroin in various clinical settin... |
S0009279719317260 | Heart rhythm disturbances have been widely recognized as major triggers of cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease patients . Connexin 43 composed gap junctions are essential in cardiomyocyte synchronization and may be involved in the pathological response to uremic toxins . Indoxyl sulfate is one of the mos... | IS restrained spontaneous contraction in cardiomyocytes with gap junction disruption. Cx43 protein and mRNA level were reduced under IS exposure with time and dose dependent effect. The inhibition of JNK ameliorated IS induced Cx43 composed gap junction reassembly in cardiomyocytes. |
S000927971931734X | Epidemiological studies have shown that cigarette smoking is beneficial in ulcerative colitis and that nicotine may be responsible for this effect . However the mechanism remains unclear . In a previous study nicotine was found to induce autophagy in intestinal cells . Here we evaluated the effect of nicotine induced a... | Cigarette smoking is beneficial in ulcerative colitis and nicotine may be responsible for this effect. Nicotine ameliorated DSS induced colitis and enhanced the autophagy. Blockade of autophagy attenuates the protective effect of nicotine. Nicotine enhanced autophagy was regulated by the AMPK mTOR pathway. |
S0009279719317399 | Eugenol a phenylpropanoid predominantly found in clove is a very common spice in daily cuisine . It already reported to have anti breast cancer activity . In this study the effect of eugenol on CSC markers and its main regulator catenin both | Establishing catenin as a novel druggable target of eugenol on cancer cell lines. Restriction of catenin nuclear translocation upon eugenol treatment. Increased N terminal phosphorylation hence degradation of catenin by eugenol. Downregulation of related CSC markers in stemness enriched spheroid culture. |
S0009279719317454 | Cisplatin and other platinum based antineoplastic drugs are highly effective and widely used in the treatment of solid tumors in both pediatric and adult patients . Although considered to be life saving as a cancer treatment Pt based drugs frequently result in dose limiting toxicities such as chemotherapy induced perip... | Carbon based enol nucleophiles scavenge the platinum ion. Enolate forming compounds provide protection against platinum induced ototoxicity. CisPt associated neurotoxicity and antitumor activity mechanisms are independent. |
S0009279719317478 | Reactive oxygen species cause cell damage and death . To reverse these effects cells produce substances such as reduced glutathione that serve as substrates for antioxidant enzymes . One way to combat microbial resistance includes nullifying the effect of glutathione in microbial cells causing them to die from oxidativ... | Thiophene thiosemicarbazone derivative L10 causes interference in the redox balance of. Thiophene thiosemicarbazone derivative L10 causes death by apoptosis in. L10 causes an increase in reactive oxygen species by binding to reduced glutathione in |
S0009279719317545 | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common lethal tumors with a high recurrence rate and low survival rate . Therefore an urgent need exists for novel and effective treatment strategies for HNSCC patients . Osthole a natural ingredient extracted from Our findings show that the anti proliferation ef... | Osthole suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in HNSCC cells. Osthole inhibits HNSCC tumorigenicity in mice. Osthole suppresses the PI3K AKT pathway in HNSCC cells. |
S0009279719317569 | Protein kinases play an indispensable role in signaling pathways that regulate tumor cell functions which represent potent therapeutic targets in cancers . Dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A as a serine threonine kinase has recently been reported to be upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenoca... | Licocoumarone potentially targets to DYRK1A revealed by molecular docking. The binding affinity to DYRK1A was validated by MST and DARTS experiments. Licocoumarone suppressed BxPC 3cell proliferation by inhibiting DYRK1A |
S0009279719318010 | Evidence has shown that sevoflurane plays a protective role in acute lung injury due to its anti inflammatory and apoptotic regulating activity . Nevertheless the mechanism of sevoflurane is still not completely understood . This study intends to discuss the mechanism of sevoflurane on ALI and the possible mechanisms i... | MiR 34a 3p was downregulated while STAT1 was upregulated in ALI rats. Sevoflurane elevates miR 34a 3p and downregulates STAT1 in lung tissues of ALI rats. Sevoflurane reduces MDA level and elevates SOD activity in lung tissues of ALI rats. Sevoflurane reduces inflammatory factor expression in ALI. Sevoflurane inhibits ... |
S0009279719318186 | High dietary iron intake is a risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer . However how iron subsequently impacts the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells remains unclear . This study determined the expression of six iron regulatory genes in twenty one human colorectal cancer biopsies and matched normal co... | Colorectal cancer biopsies showed dysregulated iron metabolism gene expression. Iron depletion or loading affected colorectal cancer cell growth. The response to iron loading or depletion was cell type specific. |
S0009279719318228 | Huntington s disease is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by polyglutamine expansion in the Huntingtin levels reduced transglutaminase activity increased aconitase activity with increased tricarboxylic acid generated reducing equivalents and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes activi... | Treadmill running is associated increases of nitric oxide in brain homogenates. Increases in nitric oxide result in inhibition of brain transglutaminase 2. Inhibition of transglutaminase 2 results in increased glycolytic activity. Inhibition of transglutaminase 2 results in increased bioenergetics. Increased bioenerget... |
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