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Julian Hart may refer to:
Julian Deryl Hart (1894–1980), president of Duke University, North Carolina
Julian Tudor Hart (1927–2018), British doctor |
Prosantosaurus is a monotypic genus of pachypleurosaurian sauropterygian containing the single species Prosantosaurus scheffoldi discovered in Canton Grison of Switzerland. The genus is named after the Prosanto Formation near the Ducan mountains, where the skeletons were found, and the species for Beat Scheffold, a scientific illustrator from Zurich who contributed prominently to the research of the Triassic marine reptiles.
Discovery
Six skeletons of the species have been discovered within lime and marlstone sediments of the Upper Prosanto Formation in the Ducanfurgga southeast of Davos, Canton Grisons, at about 2700 m above sea level. They have been dated to the very early Ladinian of the Triassic period. Today, the Ducan mountains are located about northeast of Mount San Giorgio, a UNESCO world heritage site where other pachypleurosauria were found. In the past, the two locations have been up to apart from each other. The skeletons are accessible in the palaeontological institute of the University of Zurich.
Description
Prosantosaurus scheffoldi were long lizard-like vertebrates inhabiting the coastal areas of the Tethys Ocean in the Mesozoic era. The Tethys Ocean covered large parts of the present-day Switzerland. Their teeth are less pointed and also broader at their basis from comparable pachypleurosaurs. If its teeth broke off, they regrew. The regrowing teeth were observed for the first time on a European pachypleurosaurus, the other discovery having occurred on a pachypleuosaurus in China. Prosantosaurus were carnivores and it is assumed they fed on small fishes and crustaceans which it swallowed whole after hunting them down. Other bones that differ from other known pachypleurosaurus are those at the calvaria and the rostrum. Research comparing the new species to other European pachypleurosaurs such as Anarosaurus or Neusticosaurus has been conducted by a team of palaeontologists at the University of Zurich.
References
Triassic reptiles
Fossils of Switzerland
Fossil taxa described in 2022
Nothosaurs
Ladinian genera |
Evangeline was an American country music band initially composed of Kathleen Stieffel (guitar, vocals), Sharon Leger (bass guitar, washboard, vocals), Beth McKee (keyboards, accordion, vocals), Rhonda Lohmeyer (lead guitar), Nancy Buchan (fiddle, mandolin), and Dudley Fruge (drums). They recorded two studio albums — a 1992 self-titled debut and 1994's French Quarter Moon — for Margaritaville Records, an MCA Records subsidiary owned by Jimmy Buffett.
Biography
Evangeline was a New Orleans-based band composed, at its most popular point, of singer Kathleen Steiffel, bass guitarist/washboardist Sharon Leger, keyboardist/accordionist Beth McKee, lead guitarist Rhonda Lohmeyer, fiddler/mandolinist Nancy Buchan, and drummer Dudley Fruge. The band entered a talent competition called Jazz Search in 1988, followed by the Marlboro Talent Roundup and the True Value Country Music Showdown. They were eventually discovered by singer Jimmy Buffett, who signed them to Margaritaville Records, his personal subsidiary of MCA Records.
Evangeline released its self-titled debut album in 1992, under the executive production of Buffett. Although this album produced no chart singles in the US, "If I Had a Heart" peaked at No. 81 on the RPM Country Tracks charts in Canada. Fruge and Buchan left the group before the release of their second album, 1994's French Quarter Moon. This album produced their first US chart single in "Let's Go Spend Your Money Honey", a No. 70 on the Billboard country charts. Also included on this album was the song "She's a Wild One", which later became a Number One hit in 1994 for Faith Hill under the title "Wild One". A third album, Louisiana Aye Yi Yi, recorded in 1990 when Evangeline was composed of Rhonda Lohmeyer, Sharon Leger and Leslie Doyle, was issued in 1996. That final recording featured more Zydeco and Cajun songs than their first two albums, including tunes written by Rockin' Sidney (Sidney Simien), D. L. Menard, and several traditional Cajun songs.
Discography
Albums
Singles
Music videos
References
External links
Country music groups from Louisiana
Musical groups from Louisiana
Musical groups established in 1988
Musical groups disestablished in 1996
MCA Records artists |
City of Death is the second serial of the seventeenth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which depicts the adventures of a time-travelling humanoid alien known as the Doctor. It was produced by the BBC and first broadcast in four weekly parts between 29 September 1979 and 20 October 1979 on BBC1. The serial was written by "David Agnew" – a pseudonym for David Fisher, Douglas Adams, and Graham Williams – and directed by Michael Hayes.
City of Death features the Fourth Doctor (Tom Baker) and his companion Romana (Lalla Ward). Set mainly in Paris in 1979, the plot concerns a scheme by Count Scarlioni (Julian Glover), in reality an alien called Scaroth, to steal the Mona Lisa to finance experiments in time travel in the hope of averting the accident that killed the remainder of his race four hundred million years previously, which began the existence of life on the planet as well.
The serial's original storyline was devised by Fisher but was heavily re-written by script editor Adams, aided by producer Williams. It was the first Doctor Who serial to film on location outside of the United Kingdom; the production team worked in Paris during April and May 1979; studio work was completed in June.
Broadcast during a strike that took ITV (the BBC's rival) off the air, City of Death scored high ratings. The fourth episode was watched by over sixteen million viewers, the highest UK television audience ever attained by an episode of Doctor Who. Although, in retrospect, it has been regarded as one of the best serials from Doctor Who classic run, the initial reception was not as positive, with criticism of the humorous tone.
Plot
While in Paris, the Doctor and Romana sense a time distortion. They observe the Countess Scarlioni using an alien device to scan the security systems housing Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa at the Louvre. The pair meet Inspector Duggan, who suspects the Countess to be involved in an ongoing art theft scheme with her husband, Count Scarlioni. Duggan joins the Doctor and Romana in investigating the Scarlioni mansion. There, they find equipment used by Dr. Kerensky to experiment in time, the source of the time distortions, as well as six exact copies of the Mona Lisa. The Doctor instructs Romana and Duggan to continue investigating while he returns to the TARDIS to visit Leonardo, a good friend of his. After the Doctor leaves, the Count returns after successfully stealing the Mona Lisa and captures Romana and Duggan. Learning that Romana is familiar with time, he kills Dr. Kerensky and forces Romana to continue the tests.
In the past, the Doctor arrives at Leonardo's home but is captured by Captain Tancredi, who is Count Scarlioni. Tancredi reveals he is really Scaroth, a member of the Jagaroth race. They had arrived on Earth 400 million years ago, but due to an explosion in their craft, all of the others died and his own body was fragmented across time. Collectively, the fragments of Scaroth have manipulated humanity so that by the 20th century, they will have technology that will enable him to go back in time to stop the explosion. Tancredi is currently employing Leonardo to create copies of the Mona Lisa in order to finance Scarlioni's work. After Tancredi leaves, the Doctor knocks out his captor, marks the blank canvases with a felt-tip pen with the phrase, "This is a fake", and leaves a message to Leonardo to paint over his writing before returning to the present.
The Doctor learns Scaroth threatens to destroy Paris if Romana does not continue the work. He tries to gain the Countess' help by showing the Count's true form, but he kills her. Romana completes the work and Scaroth uses it to travel to the past. The Doctor ushers Romana and Duggan into the TARDIS, fearing that the ship's explosion was the spark that started the development of life on Earth, and if Scaroth should prevent it, humanity would not exist. They arrive in time for Duggan to knock Scaroth out before he can reach the ship. Scaroth returns to present Earth, where he is discovered in his alien form by his bodyguard Hermann, and they get into a fight which damages the equipment and sets the mansion on fire. Hermann escapes, but Scaroth burns to death. By the time the Doctor, Romana, and Duggan arrive, the original Mona Lisa and 5 of the 6 copies have been burned in the fire, but the last copy remains safe. Duggan argues that they've lost an invaluable piece of art, but the Doctor assures him that the copy, still done by Leonardo's hand, will go unnoticed, and that art is worthless if its monetary value is all that matters. The Doctor and Romana say goodbye to Duggan at the Eiffel Tower.
Production
Conception and writing
Writer David Fisher had contributed two scripts to Doctor Whos sixteenth season – The Stones of Blood and The Androids of Tara – and was asked by producer Graham Williams for further story ideas. Fisher submitted two proposals; the first of these became The Creature from the Pit while the other, The Gamble with Time, concerned a plot to rig the casinos in Las Vegas to finance time travel experiments. Williams asked Fisher to rework The Gamble With Time as a spoof of Bulldog Drummond, a fictional adventurer from the 1920s. Fisher's draft script centered around Scarlioni, a member of the Sephiroth race, who had accidentally become fractured in time. The script was mainly set in the year 1928 with the Doctor and Romana, aided by Drummond-esque detective "Pug" Farquharson, on the trail of the stolen Mona Lisa, pursuing Scarlioni from Paris to Monte Carlo where his partner, the Baroness Heidi, is using time travel technology to cheat at roulette at the casino to fund Scarlioni's time travel experiments. Other settings included Paris in 1979, Leonardo da Vinci's studio in the year 1508, and prehistoric Earth. At this point, production unit manager John Nathan-Turner had worked out that the production team could afford to film on location in Paris with a stripped-down crew. This necessitated a rewrite to Fisher's scripts to move the action to Paris and, for cost reasons, to drop the 1920s setting. The Doctor's robotic dog companion K9 also had to be removed from the script as the cost of bringing the robot dog and his operators to Paris was prohibitive.
However, Fisher was going through a divorce, and his personal situation meant that he was unable to perform the rewrites. This meant that script editor Douglas Adams, aided by Graham Williams, had to perform a complete rewrite of the story over the course of a weekend. According to Adams, Graham Williams "took me back to his place, locked me in his study and hosed me down with whisky and black coffee for a few days, and there was the script". The revised script, now titled The Curse of the Sephiroth, was credited to "David Agnew", a standard pseudonym used by the BBC and which had been previously used on Doctor Who for the season fifteen serial The Invasion of Time. The serial was subsequently retitled City of Death on 8 May 1979. Adams would later reuse elements of City of Death, along with the unfinished Doctor Who serial Shada (1979; 2003), in his novel Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency (1987).
In Part One, Lalla Ward as Romana makes a throwaway reference to a great art gallery called the Braxiatel Collection; the Virgin New Adventures novel series would later expand on this, introducing the character Irving Braxiatel, a Time Lord. Braxiatel also appears in the Bernice Summerfield series of novels and audio dramas and in the Gallifrey series of audio dramas which starred Ward as Romana.
Casting
Julian Glover was a well-established character actor who had previously appeared as Richard the Lionheart in The Crusade (1965). He was reluctant to don the Jagaroth mask as he felt the mask would impede his performance. As a result, he is doubled by Richard Sheekey in those scenes. Tom Chadbon was cast as Duggan on account of his resemblance to the Franco-Belgian comics hero Tintin. Peter Halliday had previously appeared in several Doctor Who serials including The Invasion and Doctor Who and the Silurians.
Douglas Adams knew John Cleese and Eleanor Bron through his connections with Monty Python and the Footlights. On learning that both would be working in BBC Television Centre on the day the art gallery scenes were to be recorded, he persuaded them to make a cameo appearance in a short scene written for "two Englishmen". Cleese and Bron agreed on the condition that there be no pre-publicity regarding their appearance; Cleese wanted them to be credited as "Helen Swanetsky" and "Kim Bread" but the BBC declined. Cleese liked the name "Kim Bread" and used it in later projects. During recording, Cleese and Baker also recorded two short comedy skits for the BBC Christmas tape.
Filming
City of Death director Michael Hayes had previously directed The Androids of Tara (1978) and The Armageddon Factor (1979). He also had experience filming in Paris, having worked there on adaptations of Maigret (1960–63) and other Georges Simenon stories for the BBC. Location filming took place in Paris between 30 April 1979 and 3 May 1979. It proved a difficult shoot as the dates coincided with the May Day holiday period, which meant that many of the locations chosen for filming were closed, necessitating considerable improvisation on the part of the cast and crew. Model filming was conducted at Bray Studios between 8 May 1979 and 10 May 1979. These concentrated on the shots of the Jagaroth spacecraft taking off from the prehistoric Earth and were overseen by Ian Scoones, a veteran of Thunderbirds. Following rehearsals, production moved to BBC Television Centre where the remaining scenes were recorded in two blocks; the first between 21 May 1979 and 22 May 1979 and second between 3 June 1979 and 5 June 1979.
Tom Baker found filming in Paris to be very different from what he was used to in the UK where crowds would gather to watch the filming and meet the stars. Doctor Who was not shown in France at the time and so the cast and crew were largely ignored. Lalla Ward found City of Death the most challenging Doctor Who serial she worked on but was pleased with the outcome, saying, "We had to film loads of scenes in the rain and cold... there was no glamour in it at all... it was different from the ordinary stories too and I like the finished result". Seeing her costumes as an important part in creating the role of Romana, Ward clashed with costume designer Doreen James, rejecting the silver catsuit James had designed for her for the story. Ward came up with the idea for the schoolgirl costume she wore in conjunction with Baker, recalling, "I thought it would be fun to wear something that little girls probably hated wearing because it might cheer them up... I didn't bank on the fact that I'd also get loads of letters from their fathers saying 'Cor! School uniform!'".
Broadcast and reception
City of Death was broadcast on BBC1 over four consecutive Saturdays beginning on 29 September 1979. At this time, industrial action had blacked out rival broadcaster ITV and as a result, the serial scored very high ratings, averaging 14.5 million viewers over the four episodes; 16.1 million watched the fourth episode, the largest audience ever recorded for an episode of Doctor Who. The story was repeated on BBC1 across four consecutive evenings from Tuesday to Friday, 12 – 15 August 1980, achieving viewing figures of 6.3, 5.5, 5.6 and 5.9 million viewers respectively.
Audience appreciation ratings for the first two parts of City of Death were a respectable score of 64%. Radio Times published two letters from viewers regarding City of Death. Les Rogers of Hastings praised the serial's cast and the location filming; less impressed, however, was Paul R. Maskew of Exeter who felt the show was being played for laughs. Responding to similar criticisms from viewers, Douglas Adams wrote, "If the programme didn't move and take a few risks then it would have died of boredom years ago". Several viewers wrote to point out the discrepancy between the start of life on Earth of 4,000 million years ago and the date given in City of Death of 400 million years ago. Graham Williams replied, "The good Doctor makes the odd mistake or two but I think an error of 3,600 million years is pushing it! His next edition of the Encyclopedia Galactica will provide an erratum". Another viewer wrote that the atmosphere of the primordial Earth would have been poisonous to the Doctor and his companions; Douglas Adams responded to this criticism, citing artistic licence.
City of Death was voted seventh in a 1998 poll of the readers of Doctor Who Magazine to find the best Doctor Who story; the magazine commented that it "represented the height of Doctor Who as popular light entertainment for all the family". In 2009, Doctor Who Magazine readers voted it in eighth place. In a more recent 2014 poll, the magazine's readers voted it fifth best Doctor Who story of all time. A 2008 article in The Daily Telegraph named City of Death one of the ten greatest episodes of Doctor Who. John Condor, writing in the fanzine DWB in 1991, hailed the story as "the best blend of kitsch, surrealism, fantasy, and comedy-drama seen in our favourite Time Lord's annals". Vanessa Bishop, reviewing the serial's DVD release, described it as "imaginatively written, well-performed and beautifully made, City of Death is a story where pretty much everything works". Reacting to the serial, as part of Doctor Who Magazines ongoing "Time Team" feature, Jacqueline Rayner said "you're suddenly, almost violently, made aware this is happening in our world... with people just getting on with their business and two Time Lords walking through it. I don't think I've ever experienced that with Doctor Who up till now... it's the tiny touches of mundanity amid the fantastical that lift the story even higher". Charlie Jane Anders and Javier Grillo-Marxuach of io9 included it on their list of "10 TV Episodes that Changed Television", citing "the sharp dialogue and clever use of time travel [that] prefigure everything Steven Moffat has done with the series in recent years." The A.V. Club reviewer Christopher Bahn described City of Death as the "gem" of the seventeenth season, finding Adams' subtle comedy script "easily the funniest and most quotable the series ever achieved". While he praised Scarlioni's costume and the mask, he felt that more could have been done with using Paris as a filming location.
However, Doctor Who fandom's initial response was not so positive; John Peel, writing in the fanzine TARDIS in 1979, decried it as "total farce... I simply couldn't believe this was Doctor Who... the continual buffoonery is getting on my nerves". A similar view was held by Gary Russell who, reviewing the VHS release in 1991, said, "City of Death, like most Douglas Adams material, is overrated and misses the mark for me, falling between the stools of good pastiche and bad parody and making fairly unsatisfactory viewing". Vanessa Bishop countered that it was "the Doctor Who story it's alright to laugh at... we must now accept that City of Death is funny — because if we didn't the Crackerjack-style sleuths, scientists and all... would leave it knocking about near the bottom of all the Doctor Who story ranking polls" and, responding to the criticisms about the levels of comedy, that "it's precisely these things that make it seem so special". Reviewing the serial in 2011, Patrick Mulkern of Radio Times awarded it three stars out of five, stating he disliked the smug tone to the humour and Ward's "snooty" portrayal of Romana. Despite this, he noted that the serial had good production values and direction, as well as a few jokes that he enjoyed.
Commercial releases
In print
City of Death is one of five Doctor Who serials from the series' original run (1963–1989) not to have been novelised by Target Books; the others are The Pirate Planet, Shada, Resurrection of the Daleks, and Revelation of the Daleks. Target approached Douglas Adams to write a novelisation, offering their standard advance of £600; Adams replied, "I don't want to be embarrassing but I do have a tendency to be a best-selling author". Target, concerned that their regular authors would seek better terms, refused to increase I their offer. Several years later, Target editor Nigel Robinson offered an advance of £4,000 – double what was the standard advance at the time – but Adams again declined. Adams was unwilling to allow another author to write the novelisation. However, after Adams' death his estate allowed Gareth Roberts to write an adaptation of the unfinished serial Shada, which was published by BBC Books in 2012. In 2013, Roberts announced that he was working on a novelisation of City of Death, to be published on 21 May 2015. Roberts later announced that James Goss was working on the book instead. An abridged version was published as part of the Target Collection 5 April 2018.
Home media
City of Death was released on VHS in April 1991 with a cover by Andrew Skilleter. It was re-issued in 2001. A DVD was released in 2005 with special features including commentary by actors Julian Glover and Tom Chadbon, as well as director Michael Hayes, and the behind-the-scenes documentary "Paris in the Springtime". It was also released as part of the Doctor Who DVD Files in Issue 37 on 2 June 2010. On 1 January 2013, AudioGO released a two-hour soundtrack of the serial, narrated by Lalla Ward. A vinyl release of the soundtrack was released in 2018 exclusively for Record Store Day. Ian Scoones' storyboards for City of Death special effects sequences were published in Peter Haining's book Doctor Who – 25 Glorious Years in 1988, and a Scaroth figure was released by Harlequin Miniatures in 1999.
See also
Eduardo de Valfierno
References
Bibliography
External links
City of Death episode guide on the BBC website
Fan novelisation
Fourth Doctor serials
Television episodes set in Paris
1979 British television episodes
Television episodes written by Douglas Adams
Television episodes about ancient astronauts
Doctor Who stories set on Earth
Depictions of Leonardo da Vinci on television
Mona Lisa
Fiction set in 1505
Fiction set in 1979 |
Fernanda Maria Young de Carvalho Machado (née Leite Young; 1 May 1970 – 25 August 2019), commonly known as Fernanda Young, was a Brazilian writer, screenwriter, television presenter, model and actress.
Education
Young's literary background was partly formed while crossing the Guanabara Bay by ferry or by bus. She interrupted her studies after graduating from elementary school, and then graduated from high school through a six-month substitute. She attended the Faculty of Arts of the Fluminense Federal University, without graduating. She would still study journalism at Faculdades Integradas Hélio Alonso and, after moving to São Paulo and beginning her writing career, he would become a Radio and Television student at Fundação Armando Alvares Penteado (FAAP), but would not finish any of the courses. Young later stated that she'd sworn never to step on a university campus after the experiments, but later attended Fine Arts at FAAP.
Career
In 2013, she wrote and acted as one of the protagonists of the series Surtadas na Yoga ("Yoga Freaks"), with thirteen episodes in the first season. The series tells the story of three women, Jessica (Young), Ana Maria () and Marion (Anna Sophia Folch) who do yoga to "deal with the madness of the world, and their own madness". Due to its success and 115% growth in the GNT audience, in April 2014 a second season was launched with thirteen more episodes. In October 2014, after three seasons, the series was canceled.
Young posed nude for the Brazilian edition of Playboy magazine, launched in November 2009.
In May 2015, she released her eleventh book and the second poetry book of her career, entitled A Mão Esquerda de Vênus ("The Left Hand of Venus"), by Editora Globo. The launch took place at the Vermelho Gallery in São Paulo.
It was announced that she would be in the new version of TV Mulher, a television program aimed at a female audience, with a premiere scheduled for 31 May 2016 on the Viva channel.
At the time of her death, Young was scheduled to debut a new play, Ainda Nada de Novo ("Still Nothing New"), on 12 September at the Cultural Center of São Paulo. The play, about two homosexual actresses, would have starred Young and .
Personal life and death
Young was married to screenwriter and writer Alexandre Machado since 1993 and had four children: twins Cecilia Maddona and Estela May (born 2000); and two adopted children, Catarina Lakshimi (born 2008), and John Gopala (born 2009).
Young died on 25 August 2019, at the age of 49, due to an intense and sudden asthmatic crisis. Young, who had asthma since childhood and always received treatment, was staying at her family's place in Gonçalves, Minas Gerais, where she went to visit them. After the crisis started, she passed out in her bedroom. An ambulance was called, and she was taken to the nearest hospital, located in the city of Paraisópolis. She died of respiratory and cardiac arrest just over an hour after being admitted into ICU. Young was buried in Congonhas Cemetery, in the southern zone of São Paulo, the city where she had lived for fifteen years.
References
External links
1970 births
2019 deaths
20th-century Brazilian dramatists and playwrights
20th-century Brazilian novelists
20th-century Brazilian women writers
21st-century Brazilian dramatists and playwrights
21st-century Brazilian novelists
21st-century Brazilian women writers
Actors from Rio de Janeiro (state)
Brazilian female models
Brazilian screenwriters
Brazilian television presenters
Brazilian women television presenters
Brazilian women dramatists and playwrights
Brazilian women novelists
Deaths from asthma
People from Niterói
Brazilian women screenwriters |
is a ward of the city of Sakai in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The ward has an area of and a population of 133,583. The population density is 4,667 per square kilometer. The name means "West Ward."
The wards of Sakai were established when Sakai became a city designated by government ordinance on April 1, 2006.
References
External links
Ward office official webpage
Wards of Sakai, Osaka |
Maughold ( ; ) is one of the seventeen parishes of the Isle of Man. It is named for St Maughold, the island's patron saint.
It is located on the east of the island (part of the traditional South Side division) in the sheading of Garff. Administratively, part of the historic parish of Maughold is now within Ramsey town. Ballure is another settlement in the parish.
Local government
Since 1865, a small area in the north of the historic parish of Maughold has been part of the separate town of Ramsey, with its own town commissioners.
Since May 2016 the remainder of the historic parish of Maughold has been an electoral ward of a single Garff local authority, formed by merging the former village district of Laxey with the parish districts of Lonan and Maughold.
The Captain of the Parish since 2018 is Clare Christian, a former President of Tynwald.
Politics
Maughold parish is part of the Garff constituency, which elects two members to the House of Keys. Since 1867 Ramsey has formed its own constituency.
History
There is a Neolithic chambered tomb in the parish at Cashtal yn Ard.
Geography
The village of Maughold lies on the coast some three miles south-east of Ramsey. A proportion of the land in the area has been in Manx National Heritage ownership since 1965. Kirk Maughold (the parish church for the area) contains a number of historically important Celtic crosses, suggesting that it was the site of an early Christian monastery. Maughold Head to the east of the village is the easternmost point on the island and has a lighthouse. There are no other significant settlements in the parish, and there is mountainous terrain on the landward side of the parish; the parish includes most of the North Barrule, the second highest hill on the island.
Demographics
The 2016 census of recorded a parish population of 985, an increase of 0.8% from 977 in 2011.
References
External links
Maughold Parish Commissioners - community and local government information (archived)
BBC Domesday Reloaded - Maughold Village (archived)
Parishes of the Isle of Man |
The APEV Pouchel Classic () is a French amateur-built aircraft, designed by Daniel Dalby and produced by APEV of Peynier. The aircraft is supplied as plans or as a kit for amateur construction.
Design and development
The Pouchel Classic is derived from the APEV Pouchel, which is itself a derivative of the classic 1930s Henri Mignet-designed Mignet Pou-du-Ciel (Flying Flea). The design features a cantilever rear wing and a strut-braced front parasol wing, a single-seat open cockpit, fixed conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.
The Pouchel Classic differs from the earlier Pouchel in that it has a newly designed wooden fuselage to replace the aluminium ladder and rectangular tube design of the Pouchel and the Pouchel II. The Pouchel Classic's fuselage is also longer. Its span front wing and span rear wing have a combined area of and employ NACA 23112 airfoils. Flying surfaces are covered in Dacron sailcloth. Standard engines recommended are the Rotax 377 or the Rotax 447 two-stroke powerplants.
Specifications (Pouchel Classic)
References
External links
Official website
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Pouchel Classic
Tandem-wing aircraft |
The 2022 Fan Controlled Football season is the second season of the Fan Controlled Football (FCF), a professional indoor football league. In the 2022 championship game, the Zappers beat the Bored Ape FC to win The People's Championship v2.0.
Background
The FCF's second season, nicknamed "Season v.2.0" by the league, was scheduled to begin in fall 2021 but was postponed to Spring 2022 to follow after the NFL's Super Bowl. The season began on April 16, thus putting FCF in direct competition with the 2022 USFL season that launched on the same night.
The league announced they were expanding to eight teams for the 2022 season and announced a new broadcast deal with NBCUniversal subsidiary NBCLX and Peacock to broadcast every game of the 2022 season. In October 2021, the FCF announced the Ballerz Collective and two of the four expansion teams, Team KoD and Team 8oki, later to be given names by the fans. The final two expansion teams were announced on January 12, 2022, Team Gutter Cats, and Team Bored Apes, also later to be given names by the fans. The defending champion Wild Aces reorganized and rebranded as the Shoulda Been Stars following the departure of one of its co-owners.
On January 12, 2022, the FCF announced a $40 million investment—led by Animoca Brands and Delphi Digital—for spectator-controlled football games. Ahead of the 2022 season, the league began construction on a 1,500-seat arena at Pullman Yard in Atlanta, Georgia.
Teams
Players
Before the start of the season, it was announced that Pro Football Hall of Famer Terrell Owens, age 48, would come out of retirement to play for the Zappers. He would later be traded to the Knights of Degen. On May 20, it was reported that Michael Vick would join him in the league, but he later denied the rumors.
Regular season standings
x – Bold indicates playoff participant
Playoffs
References
2022
Fan Controlled Football, 2022
Fan Controlled Football
Events in Atlanta
Sports competitions in Georgia (U.S. state) |
The Colorado Buffaloes football team represents the University of Colorado at Boulder in the Pac-12 Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level in college football. The following are the yearly results, game-by-game yearly results, and detailed bowl results.
Yearly results
Bowl games
Notes
References
Colorado Buffaloes
Colorado Buffaloes football |
Cumberland Regional Health Care Centre is a hospital near Amherst, Nova Scotia, Canada. Located next to Highway 104 in the rural community of Upper Nappan, Cumberland Regional serves residents of Cumberland County.
History
A charitable organisation, the Highland View Regional Hospital Foundation, was established in 1993 to raise funds toward a replacement for the old Highland View Regional Hospital in Amherst.
In October 1997, Nova Scotia premier Russell MacLellan and health minister Jim Smith formally announced that the hospital would be replaced, with the province covering 75 per cent of the construction cost of a new facility.
The new hospital, designed by Halifax architecture firm William Nycum and Associates, was built with a floor area of approximately and 78 acute care inpatient beds. The building is organised around a two-storey main corridor designed to allow natural light into the hospital interior. It opened in October 2002.
Initially operated by the Cumberland Health Authority, management of the hospital was transferred to the new Nova Scotia Health Authority after Nova Scotia's regional health authorities were dissolved in 2015.
The hospital made national headlines in January 2023 following the death of a 37-year-old woman, Allison Holthoff, after she waited around seven hours for treatment in the emergency department. The death has been viewed as emblematic of worsening crisis in Nova Scotia's healthcare system.
Facilities
Cumberland Regional has a 24-hour emergency department.
References
External links
2002 establishments in Nova Scotia
Buildings and structures in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia
Heliports in Canada
Hospital buildings completed in 2002
Hospitals established in 2002
Hospitals in Nova Scotia |
The Church of San Esteban (Spanish: Iglesia Parroquial de San Esteban Protomártir) is a church located in Murillo de Río Leza, Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1979.
References
Bien de Interés Cultural landmarks in La Rioja (Spain)
Churches in La Rioja (Spain) |
This list comprises all players who have participated in at least one league match for Long Island Rough Riders in the USL since the league began keeping detailed records in 2003. Players who were on the roster but never played a first team game are not listed; players who appeared for the team in other competitions (US Open Cup, etc.) but never actually made an USL appearance are noted at the bottom of the page where appropriate.
A "*" indicates a player known to have appeared for the team prior to 2003.
A
Gary Ablett *
Mike Adamcewicz
Joshua Allen
Chris Aloisi
Kevin Anderson *
Peter Antoniades
Ben Arikian
Shane Arikian
Chris Armas *
Alex Ayala
B
Anthony Barberio
Stephan Barea
Edgar Bartolomeu*
Jose Batista
Nelson Becerra
Michael Behonick
Rhett Bernstein
Federico Bianchi
Ricardo Blanchard
Thomas Booth
Rich Bradley
Bobby Brennan †
Mark Briggs
Edson Buddle*
C
Wilmer Cabrera
Steve Cadet *
Paul Caffrey
Bouba Camara
José Campos
Pavelid Castañeda
Mazen Chami
Matt Chulis
Jordan Cila
Justin Corke
Frank Costigliola
Chris Cox
Bryant Craft
Sam Craven
Josue Cruz
D
Chris Da Silva *
Stephen Danbusky
Matthew DeMartini
Ben Diallo
Óscar Díaz *
Ruben Diaz
John Diffley *
Steve Dutreuil *
E
Darrell Etienne
Derrick Etienne
F
Fernando Fernandes
Menoscar Fernandez
Flavio Ferri *
Patrick Figueiredo
Gary Flood
Stephen Franzke
Nate Friends *
Rob Fucci
G
Adrian Gaitan
Kevin Garcia
Jonathan Garcia-Torres
Billy Gatti
Paul Grafer
Daniel Gray
Mike Grella
Alex Grendi
Corey Gudmundson
Joel Gustafsson
H
Ray Hassett
Andrew Herman
Ben Hickey
Shaun Higgins
Adam Himeno
Thorne Holder
Bill Hole
James Hunt
I
Ernest Inneh *
Alexandre Ivo
J
Kyle Jack
Steve Jolley
Ricardo Joseph *
K
Moussa Keita
Irasto Knights
Darko Kolić*
Alexander Kouznetsov
Danny Kramer
Mickey Kydes*
L
Richard Lanchard *
Jason Landers
Carlos Ledesma *
Sal Leanti*
Daniel Leon
Tom Lips
Martin Lynch
Joe Lyons
Gerry Lucey
M
Luke Magill
Joe Mallia
Laurent Manuel
Vinny Marcotrigano
Diego Martínez
Miguel Martínez
Richard Martinez
Saúl Martínez*
Eric Masters
Mike Masters
Ricardo Maxwell-Ordain
Anthony McCreath
Mick McDermott
Jim McElderry *
Neil McNab*
Declan McSheffrey*
Ryan Meara
Chris Megaloudis
Óscar Mejía*
Tim Melia
Michael Mellis
Tony Meola*
Carlos Mendes*
Chico Mieles*
Garth Miller*
Ishmael Mintah
Andrew Mittendorf
Dahir Mohammed
Danny Mueller
Martin Munnelly*
Carlyle Myrie
N
Evin Nadaner
Alex Naples
Douglas Narvaez-Cruz
Jimmy Nealis
Jamal Neptune
Semso Nikocevic
Jonathan García-Torres
Richard Nuttal
O
Conor O'Brien
Mo Oduor*
Mladen Opacic
P
Mike Palacio
John Pardini
O'Neil Peart
Laurence Piturro
David Price*
R
Joseph Ragusa
Rodney Rambo*
David Reed
Paul Riley
Travis Rinker*
Paul Robson
Graeme Roderick
Paul Roderick
Jim Rooney*
S
John Sanfilippo
Dominick Sarle
Giovanni Savarese*
Mark Secko
Tal Sheinfeld
Dan Sirota
Oliver Skelding
Adam Smith
Lee Snodin
Jack Stefanowski
Brandon Sullivan
Gary Sullivan
Jose Sura-Reyes
Moussa Sy
T
Tadeu Terra
Alex Tobon-Villa
Michael Todd
Vincent Treglia
V
Fabian Vega *
Guillermo Valencia
Jesse Van Saun*
Danny Vitiello
W
Jimmy Walther
Drew Watcher
Matthew Watts
Cordt Weinstein*
Adam Weinzimer
Ronan Wiseman
John Wolyniec *
Hector Wright *
Y
Rob Youhill
Z
Jeff Zaun*
Kerry Zavagnin *
Sources
2010 Long Island Rough Riders stats
2009 Long Island Rough Riders stats
2008 Long Island Rough Riders stats
2007 Long Island Rough Riders stats
2006 Long Island Rough Riders stats
2005 Long Island Rough Riders stats
References
Long Island Rough Riders
Association football player non-biographical articles |
James William Harrington Wood (19 January 1854 – 8 September 1937) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in nine first-class matches for Wellington and Hawke's Bay from 1882 to 1887.
See also
List of Wellington representative cricketers
References
External links
1854 births
1937 deaths
British people in colonial India
Sportspeople from the Colony of New Zealand
New Zealand cricketers
Hawke's Bay cricketers
Wellington cricketers
Nelson cricketers |
My Daughter Hildegart () is a 1977 Spanish film directed by Fernando Fernán Gómez based on the book Aurora de sangre by Eduardo de Guzmán. It stars Amparo Soler Leal as Aurora Rodríguez.
Plot
From account of Eduardo de Guzmán's testimony, the plot moves back to 1933 Madrid, developing the story of Aurora Rodríguez and the path that led her to kill her daughter, wunderkind, sexology specialist, and progressivist pundit Hildegart Rodríguez Carballeira, conceived by Aurora as the fruit of eugenicist utopia.
Cast
Release
The film was released theatrically in Spain on 19 September 1977. It proved to be successful at the Spanish box office, with over one million admissions.
See also
List of Spanish films of 1977
References
Eugenics in fiction
Filicide in fiction
1970s Spanish films
Films based on Spanish novels
Spanish drama films
1977 drama films
Films set in 1933
Films set in Madrid
Films directed by Fernando Fernán Gómez
Films with screenplays by Rafael Azcona
Films about mother–daughter relationships |
Nerang State High School (NSHS) is a state high school located on the Gold Coast of Queensland, Australia.
Infrastructure
Solar Panels
In 2021, Nerang State High School had 484 solar panels installed and up-and-running. This $310,000 investment was part of Queensland’s "Advancing Clean Energy Schools" (ACES) program that was completed in 2022, which saw a total of 200,000 solar PV panels installed on rooftops at 912 schools across that state.
Curriculum
Languages
The school's language department offers Japanese and Spanish.
Students
Class Sizes
The trend in the average size of classes has been: -
Student Enrolments
In 2023, Nerang State High School was reported to have a maximum student enrolment capacity of 1,295 students.
The trend in school enrolments (August figures) has been:-
Attendance
In 2017, based on data from Queensland Education and MySchool, Nerang High School had the highest average number of sick days per student (4.75) and the second highest average number of unexplained absences per student (3.69) of any Gold Coast school.
The trend in student attendance has been: -
Discipline
The trend in student discipline has been: -
Notable Alumni
Sports
See also
List of schools in the Gold Coast
List of schools in Queensland
Lists of schools in Australia
References
External links
Official Nerang State High School Website
Schools on the Gold Coast, Queensland
Public high schools in Queensland
Educational institutions established in 1986
1986 establishments in Australia |
The Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik (Arnold Jung Locomotive Works) was a locomotive manufacturer, in particular of Feldbahn locomotives, in Kirchen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany.
History
The firm was founded on 13 February 1885 as Jung & Staimer OHG by Arnold Jung and Christian Staimer. On 3 September 1885 the first locomotive was delivered. In 1913 the company was renamed Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik GmbH, Jungenthal. In 1976 locomotive production was stopped in favour of other products such as machine tools, transporters, armour plating, cranes and bridgelayers.
Jung built more than 12,000 locomotives. In the 1950s it built 51 DB Class 23 2-6-2 locomotives, including in 1959, number 23 105, the last new steam locomotive supplied to the Deutsche Bundesbahn. Jung also made boilers for other uses such as steam rollers.
By the 1950s Jung was also building diesel locomotives, such as the 42 standard gauge Egyptian Republic Railways 4211 class shunters in 1953–56.
Production ceased on 30 September 1993 and the factory closed, but the firm continues to exist as Jungenthal Systemtechnik GmbH.
Preserved Locomotives
There are 281 Arnold Jung steam locomotives still extant, according to the list at Steam Locomotive website.
Gallery
There is a 5025 steam machine in the "Museo Ferroviario de Santiago de Chile". This machine served in the railway that existed between the Chilean southern towns "Los Sauces" and "Capitan Pastene" (35 km). This railway was begun to be built in 1904 and in 1978 was abandoned.
References
External links
Description of the firm of Jung at www.werkbahn.de
279 Surviving Arnold Jung Locomotives
Transport in Rhineland-Palatinate
Defunct locomotive manufacturers of Germany |
"Heavy Disguise" is a song by English band Strawbs written by bassist John Ford. The track first appeared on the Grave New World album and features just John Ford from the band singing and accompanying himself on the acoustic guitar backed by "The Robert Kirby Silver Band" – i.e. a brass section arranged by Robert Kirby (who later became a Strawbs keyboard player).
Ford has said in interview that the song was inspired by the rhythm of a Jethro Tull song he heard on the radio. The lyrical content was inspired by him seeing a news report of a Vietnamese demonstration at the US embassy, but also draws heavily from the situation prevalent in Northern Ireland at the time (in the same way that "New World" does). The song was originally entitled "IRA Meeting Blues".
Personnel
John Ford – vocals, acoustic guitar
with
The Robert Kirby Silver Band
External links
Lyrics to "Heavy Disguise" at Strawbsweb official site
References
Sleeve notes to album CD 540 934-2 Grave New World (A&M 1998 Remastered)
John Ford interview on Strawbsweb
Strawbs songs
1972 songs
Songs written by John Ford (musician) |
Parambikulam River is one of four tributaries of the Chalakkudi River, originating in the Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu, India. It flows parallel to and north of the Sholayar River before joining Kuriarkutty. The Sholayar River flows for 44.8 km, then turns north and joins the Parambikulam River 1.6 km before Orukumbankutty. The Karapara River originates from the Nelliyampathy Hills of Palakkad district in Kerala. It flows west and turns southwest and drains into the Parambikulam River at Orukumbankutty.
The Parambikulam Dam was constructed across the river at Anamalai, located in the Western Ghats of Kerala. This dam is the largest in India and ranks in the top ten dams in the world by volume capacity.
Notes
External links
Rivers of Tamil Nadu
Rivers of Palakkad district |
Guido Ugolotti (born 28 August 1958) is an Italian professional football coach and a former player, current coach of the Gozitan team Victoria Hotspurs
Career
Player
Ugolotti was born in Massa. As a player, he spent eight seasons (72 games, 17 goals) in the Serie A with Roma, Avellino and Pisa.
Coach
After serving as youth coach at Roma for 12 years, Ugolotti started a head coaching career of his own at Gela, then going on to stay in Sicily at Acireale. He successively served as head coach at Serie C1 clubs Sambenedettese, Arezzo, Foggia and Siracusa.
In June 2011 he took his first head coaching role in the Serie B, accepting an offer from Grosseto for the 2011–12 season. He was dismissed from his coaching post on 30 October. On 1 February 2012 he was recalled by the same team as head coach, but on 14 May 2012 he was again sacked.
On 15 October 2012, he was named new coach of Benevento, but on 18 January 2013 he was sacked.
On 16 September 2013, he was appointed to replace Ezio Capuano as new boss of Lega Pro Seconda Divisione club Casertana, and guided the club to ensure a spot in the inaugural season of the unified Lega Pro division, leaving his role by the end of the season.
On 28 October 2014, he was named head coach of newly promoted Lega Pro club Savoia in place of Giovanni Bucaro.
After a short spell in Floriana, on 31 December 2019 Ugolotti signed a contract with Victoria Hotspurs until the end of the season.
Honours
Coppa Italia winner: 1979–80.
Represented Italy at the 1980 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship
References
External links
1958 births
Living people
Men's association football forwards
Italian men's footballers
Italy men's under-21 international footballers
Serie A players
Serie B players
AS Roma players
US Avellino 1912 players
Pisa SC players
SS Arezzo players
Italian football managers
ASD Città di Acireale 1946 managers
Benevento Calcio managers
US Sambenedettese managers
SS Arezzo managers
Calcio Foggia 1920 managers
US Grosseto 1912 managers
Floriana F.C. managers
Maltese Premier League managers
Footballers from the Province of Massa-Carrara |
Yawgoog Scout Reservation (Camp Yawgoog) is a reservation for scouting located in Rockville, Rhode Island and operated by the Narragansett Council of the Boy Scouts of America. Founded in 1916, Yawgoog is the fifth oldest Boy Scout camp in the United States. At the camp is run an eight-week camping program every summer where Boy Scouts stay for a week with their troops. The reservation is divided into three camps: Three Point, Medicine Bow, and Sandy Beach.
History
In 1916, after inspecting some twenty ponds in Rhode Island, Scout Executive Donald North recommended the deserted Joseph Palmer farm property on Yawgoog Pond as a permanent reservation for Scouting. The piece was leased to Rhode Island Boy Scouts (RIBS) in 1916 and purchased in 1917. According to local mythology, Yawgoog and Wincheck were the names of two Narragansett Native American Chiefs. The water rights to the pond, all of their equipment, fourteen mill houses, a store, and approximately of unimproved land were obtained in 1953 when the Rhode Island Boy Scouts purchased a controlling interest in the Yawgo Line and Twine Company. The reservation continues to be separately owned by RIBS though the camp is run by the Narragansett Council of the Boy Scouts of America. In 1917 the RIBS, and BSA merged to form the Greater Providence Council, making the RIBS a trustee organization just five years after its conception. Chief Yawgoog serves as the mascot for the camp. He is usually portrayed in a cartoon, shirtless, wearing leather Native American trousers and moccasins, smoking a calumet, holding a canoe over himself and appears as if he is about to set off canoeing.
The reservation is also associated with creating the first Totin' Chip axe-safety program. John Page, nicknamed "Johnny Appleseed," created the program in 1950.
The Apprentice in Training (AIT) program was started in 1956 in an effort to better train incoming staff members. The AIT corps, the first of its kind, was later renamed the Counselor-in-Training (CIT) corps and set the standard for subsequent programs across the country. In 2018, the CIT program was revised and renamed the Yawgoog Leadership Experience.
The reservation is divided into three distinct camps. Each camp operates independently and has a dining hall, waterfront, and trading post. Yawgoog campers used to set up tents as part of one centralized camp on what is now Tim O'Neil Field, which is located in Camp Three Point. In 1924, Yawgoog was divided between Upper Camp and Lower Camp, and three camps eventually emerged.
Yawgoog is normally active during the summer for eight weeks of operation. During the off season tent camping is allowed at various campgrounds and cabin camping is allowed in any of the four cabins available. These spaces are available for troops who wish perform outdoor events when summer camp is not in session.
In 1965, the architect responsible for the building work was D. Thomas Russillo.
On May 13, 2020, the Reservation announced that it would not be opening for the 2020 summer camp season due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was the first season the Reservation has not opened in 104 seasons.
Landscape
Yawgoog is located in the southwestern corner of Rhode Island—the closest town Hopkinton, RI, which sits at 41.44N -71.79W. The terrain of the reservation is fairly flat, with only one hill (Hill 407), located in the southwestern corner of the reservation. Most of the reservation is forested and consists of deciduous and evergreen trees. On May 4–6, 1930, the camp suffered a forest fire. Much of the forest was destroyed and subsequently replaced with white pines due to their ability to grow quickly. Remnants of the fire are unnoticeable today. There are six main trails that are marked throughout the reservation, and named by colored chevrons (Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, White) which mark each trail. Trails run through the camps, as well as out through the wilderness to various sights and ponds of the reservation.
The reservation includes three ponds—the main pond is Yawgoog Pond, which serves as the nexus for the three camps for most water and boating activities. To the south, and connected to Yawgoog Pond via a dam and "long cove" is Wincheck Pond. And, to the north of Yawgoog Pond is Hidden Lake (accessible by hiking the "Hidden Lake Trail"), found after the forest fire. Hidden Lake was acidified to the point that there is no longer any fish or plants living in it after all of the debris created by the forest fire that exposed it was bulldozed into the lake. There is also a trail to nearby Long Pond further south (and downstream from Wincheck). There are several islands on Yawgoog Pond, including Cranberry and Submarine islands in the north corner of the pond, Ant and Schooner Islands which are adjacent to the largest island, named King Phillips Island. King Phillips Island has periodically hosted "adventure camps" over the years but has been largely disused over the past 20 years.
The reservation covers roughly 1,800 acres of land which partly extends into Connecticut.
Organization and traditions
Each camp is usually run by a camp director, assistant camp director, and two program commissioners, with three for Camp Sandy Beach (aside from 2021 due to outstanding circumstances), all of which answer to the Reservation Director (currently Jonathan DiLuglio). As there are three distinct camps, each has its own songs, cheers, history, and traditions. Each campsite within a camp has a short motto. With the exception of each camp's waterfront and dining lodge, all program centers are available to campers from all three camps.
Camp Three Point
Camp Three Point, named for the three points of the Scout Oath, was the first of the three camps to be founded. First named Camp Bucklin, it has been deemed "The oldest and most tradition-filled camp" and also "The Camp that was once Yawgoog in its entirety." Today, Camp Three Point features the Challenge Course, the Bucklin Building, the Eagle Badge program, the Arthur Livingston Kelly Environmental Education Center, The Three Point Waterfront, the first New Frontier Center on reservation (no longer open), and the 407 Outfitters, the reservation's largest trading post. Camp Three Point also hosts the Protestant Chapel and the Jewish Synagogue. It is home to the reservation's first basketball court and includes a dam which has become a popular fishing site for scouts. It is also home to the Memorial Bell Tower, which tolls at noon each day in honor of those Scouts who died serving their country. Camp Three Point's camp colors are hunter green and yellow. Its mascot is Danny the Deer, a mounted deer head who resides in Sharpe Lodge, built in 1924 to serve as the original Buckling Building. The Sharpe Lodge was fully refurbished in the late 1980s. After the 2019 season, the original Sharpe Lodge was demolished and replaced with a wholly new building, including an improved kitchen, a larger dining hall, and staff space.
The fourteen Campsites at Camp Three Point are named after famous figures in Yawgoog history or old Scouting nicknames: Donald C. Dewing (Scoutmaster of Troop 82 Providence for over 50 years), Forty-Niner, Frontier, Musketeer, Oak Ridge, Pioneer, Santa Fe, Sleepy Hollow, Tuocs (Scout spelled backwards), Wells Fargo, Slade, Street, Scott and Zucculo.
Camp Medicine Bow
After the founding of Camp Three Point, the popularity of the reservation grew to the point where a second camp was needed. Built around Rathom Lodge in the 1920s, Medicine Bow encompasses the center section of Yawgoog's developed land. It houses the only three provisional sites on the reservation: the Counselor-in-Training Corps (CIT), the Baden Powell provisional camp, and the Webelos' provisional Camp (moved from Feinstein Youth Camp in Pascoag, Rhode Island in 2007). In addition to provisional sites, Camp Medicine Bow offers many program centers. These include the H. Cushman Anthony Stockade (Crafts Center), the Medicine Bow Waterfront, the Ashaway Aquatics Center (Yawgoog Yacht Club), and The Robotics Center. It also hosts the Armington Memorial Health Lodge, and the Saint John Bosco Catholic Chapel. It is also home to the reservation's motorboat, "The Charlie Brown", which patrols the pond for capsized boats. Medicine Bow's colors are red and black, and its mascot is Elmo the Elk, who presides over Rathom Lodge during meals. Camp Medicine Bow's nickname is "The Heart of Yawgoog","the best camp in Yawgoog", “the cream between the two Oreo cookies”, or “The camp that is always awake, but never stops dreaming.”
The fourteen campsites of Camp Medicine Bow are named after Native American terms with two exceptions: Baden-Powell Provisional Camp and Campsite Dan Boone. The other camps include Cautantowit, Manchose, Manitoo, Minnikesu (Yawgoog Leadership Experience), Netop, Neimpaug, Sequan (Medicine Bow Webelos), Waskecke, Weemat, Wetoumuck, Wunegin, and Wuttah.
Camp Sandy Beach
Located farthest from the reservation's main entrance, and somewhat to the north of Medicine Bow, lies Camp Sandy Beach. It was built in the late-1920s around Jesse H. Metcalf Lodge. Today, Sandy Beach calls itself the "youngest and most spirited camp" as well as "The Powerhouse of Yawgoog." It is also the largest of the three camps within the Yawgoog Reservation. Sandy Beach maintains the Lane-Bliven Rifle Range, the David Anderson Archery Range, the Trap Range, the Sandy Beach Waterfront, the current New Frontiers Program, the Scoutmaster Essentials Program, and the Campcraft or Outdoor Skills center where Scouts learn the traditional skills associated with Scouting like Wilderness Survival, Orienteering or Camping. Sandy Beach's colors are blue and yellow, and their main mascot is Jim the Moose, though they have several other mascots including two bananas, a rock, and a "crazy" crocodile. The camp also once housed the Reservation Baker up until 2019, when the position was moved to Camp Three Point
Camp Sandy Beach's eighteen campsites are named after famous Americans in history and include the following: Abe Lincoln, Audubon, Backwoods, Davy Crockett, Donald H. Cady, George Washington, Jim Bridger, Paul Siple, James West, John Glenn, Frederick Douglass, Lewis and Clark, Neil Armstrong, Norman Rockwell, Richard Byrd, Silver Buffalo, Teddy Roosevelt, and Ida Lewis.
One campsite used to be named Camp Baden-Powell, after Boy Scouts founder Robert Baden-Powell. It comprised a circle of tents around a field with a flagpole at its center. The former Baden-Powell site now houses the current Neil Armstrong campsite.
Prior to the 2021 camping season, Campsite Ida Lewis was added and Campsites Jim Bowie and Kit Carson were renamed respectively to Paul Siple and Frederick Douglass.
Three other, now defunct campsites, exist in Sandy Beach as well, those being Paul Siple (distinct from the former Jim Bowie site), Bill Cody, and Ernest Thompson Seton.
Awards
There are many awards offered at Yawgoog Scout Reservation that can be earned by Scouts, Scouters, Troops and Patrols. In addition to the many merit badges offered by the various program centers to Scouts, Scouters can take advantage of a variety of programs to further their knowledge, and Patrols and Troops can earn various honors and ribbons by participation in specific development programs. Of note, are the NRA and National Archery Association awards, along with BSA Mile Swim, Lifeguard BSA, Snorkeling BSA, Sailing and Canoe regattas. Among the reservation-wide awards include the Fishing Derby, where each week the winner takes home a fishing pole. Within each camp, the Troop of the Week and Camp Champion awards are given out, in addition to honor troop and patrol awards.
Camp Yawgoog offers a unique and distinctive shooting sports award, the Bucklin Marksmanship Medal. Scouts wishing to earn the medal must shoot at 10 consecutive targets, 6 from the prone position, 4 standing, at 50'. The sum of the 10 targets must meet or exceed 400 points. The Scout who scores highest for the summer is awarded a rifle and case by the Camp. In the event of a tie, a shoot-off is arranged during the last week of camp.
Segments
Yawgoog Segments are unique awards to the camp, and have been fairly popular for years. Segments are small, curved patches which go around the circular Yawgoog patch. Some choose to sew the segments and central patch directly on their uniform shirt, while others sew them to a circular piece of material such as felt or leather, or insert them into a plastic holder which can be worn from a pocket button. A felt circle found at the trading post can hold up to four rows of segments. The original ten segments started in 1951 were strips of cloth. The original cloth segments included: the three Camper of Yawgoog levels (CYs), the 1 year through Veteran markers, the Knights of Yawgoog, and the now defunct Wincheck Braves. Since then, many new segments have been added.
General Camping Segments
Camping within each camp will earn said person a segment, with the camp's two-letter abbreviation stamped on it: "TP" for Three Point, "MB" for Medicine Bow, and "SB" for Sandy Beach. In addition, a segment can be earned for each additional year that a person attends at least one week, marked as "1 Year" through "5 Year", and "V-6" through "V-9". Segments are also given for what state the camper is a resident in. Camping during Jubilee years, occurring every 25 years, are another type of segment that is able to be earned. A special 100-year anniversary segment was handed out to campers who attended in 2016.
Activity Segments
Shooting sports has the "Yeoman" for archery, "Rifle" for rifle shooting, and "Trap" for shotgun shooting. The Challenge Center has many different segments: "HAT" for the Handicap Awareness Trail, "AI" for team-building games, "AC" for completing low ropes elements, "AII" for climbing on the course, and "AIII" for climbing on the Giant's Ladder. Aquatic activities have segments for the Mile Swim, kayaking, canoeing, and sailing, and the various centers have segments as well, such as "Campcraft", "HCAS", "YHC" for visiting the Yawgoog Heritage Center, and "Barn". Hiking awards consist of "Hiker of Yawgoog" and "GPS" for walking along various trails and completing various requirements.
Leadership Segments
In each week of program during the summer, all three camps give out a troop award, called the "Troop of the week", for various criteria, including participation in inter-troop events, number of merit badges earned, and campsite cleanliness, among others. Segments are also given out for Leadership positions, and coming to camp as a Senior Patrol Leader, Scoutmaster, Assistant Scoutmaster, CIT, or Staff. As a member of the CIT Corps, a Scout may earn the "Top Basic" award, for those who have excelled as a leader during their Basic week of Counselor Training. This award is determined by a vote among the Scouts who participated in the CIT training program during that week. Members of the CIT Corps are also evaluated after their field weeks, named after the fact that they are working at a center "in the field". The CIT with the top performance during their basic and field week(s) across the entire summer is given the Frederick W. Marvel award. The award includes a certificate, and a gold medal suspended from a red, white, and blue ribbon, and the other 9 participants out of the top 10 are recognized during the Saturday Night Show.
Controversies
Tavis Morello, an Eagle Scout and staff member working at Yawgoog Scout Reservation, was fired in 1999 for admitting he was gay to Scouting official Gary Savignano. The official additionally confiscated Morello's Eagle Scout card. Lyle Antonides, director of the Narragansett Council at the time, defended the action by stating, "I think this young man is just trying to get a headline." In response to the firing, staff members at the reservation staged a sit-in, resulting in the camp being shut down. Following this protest, representatives of GLAD and the Rhode Island affiliate of the ACLU looked into the situation. ACLU executive director Steven Brown said, "Based on the information I've heard, this person was terminated because he acknowledged he was gay. And that's illegal." Due to mounting legal pressures and increasing amounts of negative publicity, by the end of the camping season, the Narragansett Council leaders had reversed the decision and offered to reinstate Morello, both as an employee and as an Eagle Scout.
On February 15, 2019 the Reservation's former Catholic Chaplain James Glawson was arrested and charged with sexually assaulting several children since the 1980s. He also was in possession of child pornography.
Adult organizations
Yawgoog Alumni Association
In order to continue the sustainability of the camp, the Yawgoog Alumni Association was started by H. Cushman "Gus" Anthony in 1980 to raise money for improvements on the camp. Efforts include opening the Yawgoog Heritage Museum which houses books, uniforms, patches and pictures from throughout the camp's history. The crafts center, the "H. Cushman Anthony Stockade", is named after him in gratitude of his actions.
Knights of Yawgoog
Following the Saturday Night Show selected Scout leaders and staff members proceed to a campfire where they are told about their membership in the Knights of Yawgoog. During the Sunday dress parade, the roll of new members is announced, along with the ceremonial induction potato, which is necklace of a potato threaded by a rope that is required to be worn of all new recruits and cannot be removed for 24 hours or when the inductee leaves Reservation property to head home, whichever comes first. It was started in 1920 when the "Knights" would be commissioned by a "King of Yawgoog". It was a lighthearted club with no obligations, but later evolved into a more serious group to remind men of their role in molding Scouts. Scoutmasters and staff members inducted into the Knights of Yawgoog earned a patch tab of a gold sword against a navy blue background for uniform wear.
Notable events
In 2008, JoAnn Guzeika and her husband were the only couple to be married at Yawgoog Scout Reservation, in the St. John Bosco Chapel. An earlier couple of a retired staff member and his wife renewed their vows at the Three Point waterfront, which included a ceremonial plunge into Yawgoog Pond.
In popular culture
In 2011, filming took place for the 2012 film Moonrise Kingdom at various places in the camp. Shots of the Three Point waterfront, the Challenge Course, the H. Cushman Anthony Stockade, and "The Dam" can be seen in various parts of the movie.
See also
Scouting in Rhode Island
Camp Cachalot
References
External links
Yawgoog
Geography of Washington County, Rhode Island
Summer camps in Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in Washington County, Rhode Island
1916 establishments in Rhode Island |
"La Nueva y La Ex" (English: "The New and The Ex") is a single by Puerto Rican rapper Daddy Yankee from his mixtape King Daddy, released on October 29, 2013. The song was written by Daddy Yankee and Jesús Benítez, and was produced by Los de la Nazza.
Background
"La Nueva y La Ex" was written by Daddy Yankee and Jesús Benítez "Benny Benny", and was produced by Puerto Rican duo Los de la Nazza. Daddy Yankee's representative company in Puerto Rico, Perfect Partners, stated on a press release that the song "goes hard on spicy, suggestive and sexy lyrics with a proposal that sings to the girl (the new one) who arrives and who left (the ex)."
Commercial performance
In the United States, "La Nueva y La Ex" peaked at number nine on Billboards Hot Latin Songs chart on February 8, 2014 and charted for 20 weeks. The single peaked at number two on the Tropical Airplay chart on February 8, 2014 and also charted for 20 weeks. It also peaked at number one on the Latin Airplay and at number 14 on the Latin Digital Songs charts. "La Nueva y La Ex" was the 40th best-performing song on Hot Latin Songs of 2014, as well as the 49th best-selling Latin single and the 26th most-played song of the year in the United States.
Music video
The music video for "La Nueva y La Ex" was directed by Puerto Rican filmmaker Christian Suau. The filming took place in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The visual premiered through Daddy Yankee's YouTube Vevo account on February 6, 2014, where it has over 60 million views.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
See also
List of Billboard number-one Latin songs of 2014
References
2013 songs
2013 singles
Daddy Yankee songs
Songs written by Daddy Yankee |
The Spooners of Porthmadog refers to the Spooner family of Porthmadog, North Wales who made important contributions to the development of narrow gauge railways both locally and throughout the world. James Spooner, together with his sons James Swinton and Charles Easton and other members of their family, constructed and managed the Ffestiniog Railway for over fifty years. In North Wales they were involved in the promotion of numerous railway schemes including many quarry lines, the Talyllyn Railway, the Festiniog and Blaenau Railway, the North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways and the Carnarvonshire Railway. Through publications and overseas family commissions they influenced narrow gauge railway construction in Russia, America and throughout the British Empire.
James Spooner
Dates 1790–1856
Family
James Spooner was born at Leigh near Worcester in 1790. He trained as a land surveyor and is believed to have worked as a civilian member of an Ordnance Survey team. He married in 1813 and his first three children were Matthew, James Swinton, and Caroline. From 1818 to 1824, they lived at Maentwrog where Charles Easton, Louisa, Thomas and Amelia were born. When the North Wales survey was completed in 1823, Spooner, with his growing family, stayed and worked as a freelance surveyor. In 1825, Spooner took a lease of Wm. Madocks house Tanyrallt Isa at Tremadog where Elizabeth and Harriet were born and Caroline was accidentally shot dead by Matthew. Finally, the family moved to Morfa Lodge in Porthmadog where William was born in 1834.
Ffestiniog Railway survey
Spooner was already well established as a local surveyor and he had surveyed inclines and a tramway (never to be built) from the Moelwyns to Porthmadog via the Croesor valley, when, in 1830, Henry Archer commissioned him to survey a suitable route for the Ffestiniog Railway. James Swinton and Charles Easton both assisted their father in this work. Spooner also had an experienced assistant in Thomas Prichard who had worked for Stephenson.
Robert Stephenson
The survey completed, Robert Stephenson walked the route with Archer, Spooner and his sons and Prichard. Stephenson gave his full approval to their plans. There has been much confusion and discussion concerning the Robert Stephenson involvement. The elder Robert Stephenson, who was the younger brother of George Stephenson, surveyed and laid out the route of the Nantlle Tramway c.1825 and, especially in recent years, it has generally been thought that he was the inspector of the Ffestiniog route. However, Dr. M.J.T. Lewis argues convincingly (on the basis of the published content of Stephenson's evidence to the Parliamentary Committee in 1832) that it was indeed George Stephenson's distinguished son Robert who advised the Ffestiniog promoters.
Gravity working
Spooner introduced to the Ffestiniog Railway, from the start, the 'horse dandy', that peculiar practice (which may have been first used in Northumberland) whereby the horse, having fought against gravity for twelve long miles hauling empty slate wagons from bottom to top in four or five hours, was rewarded with a bag of oats and a ride from top to bottom behind eighty loaded slate wagons and propelled by 'that very same gravity against which he had for so long toiled upwards' – as a contemporary report put it. The carefully engineered downhill route with a continuous grade of about 1 in 80 for twelve miles was specifically designed for gravity operation and resulted in gravity and horse operation being successful and economical but slow. The line was soon operating to maximum capacity. As built the line was a pioneering model instantly appealing to many (in the mid nineteenth century) seeking to solve the problems of moving heavy loads down hill.
Charles Easton Spooner
Dates 1818–1889
Work for Ffestiniog Railway
As a boy, with his eldest brother James he had assisted his father in laying out the Ffestiniog Railway and subsequently during construction. He appears to have remained in Porthmadog and been involved with the railway under his father who was Clerk to the company. Charles became Treasurer of the company in 1848 and following his father's death in 1856 was appointed Manager and Clerk. He held the position for thirty years and dominated Ffestiniog Railway management and engineering until his own health began to fail in 1887. Under Charles the blacksmiths' forge at Boston Lodge was developed into comprehensive railway manufacturing and repair workshops.
Capacity problem
Spooner was faced with the seemingly intractable problem of a railway working to maximum capacity yet unable to cope with the volume of traffic on offer. He was also aware that others were seeking alternative routes for the transport of Blaenau Ffestiniog's growing slate traffic. Spooner investigated the option of conversion to double track but the added capacity could not have paid for the construction costs involved.
Steam power
Steam locomotives, never before tried on a narrow gauge line and declared by all the leading designers to be unworkable on so narrow a gauge, were inevitable. But they would not have been possible when the line was built in 1836 and could only be introduced 27 years later when locomotive development had advanced and after the line had been relaid with heavier steel rails.
George England locomotives
Charles Easton Spooner engaged Charles Holland to design the first six small engines built by George England and Co. for the Ffestiniog. The first four engines delivered in 1863 required significant modification by the Spooners in the light of experience. Two of the original four locomotives are still in regular operation. Later engines were delivered on the newly opened Cambrian Railways to Minffordd where Spooner had laid out a pattern of exchange sidings that inspired many visitors from abroad to adopt narrow gauge as the inexpensive feeder line to the standard gauge.
Fairlie locomotives
It was through George England that Spooner commissioned Robert Francis Fairlie to design and build 'Little Wonder' an articulated locomotive ideally suited to a relatively short, heavily curved and steeply graded narrow gauge line. Spooner and Fairlie brought the world to Porthmadog in February 1870 for a remarkable series of locomotive trials at which Russian observers were very prominent as were observers from the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad. These trials and the writings of Spooner and Fairlie influenced the promotion of narrow gauge railways throughout the world. Concerning C. E. Spooner, on 27 December 1872 "Engineering" wrote "He shows an earnestness and enthusiasm, we may almost say an absolute devotion for the Festiniog Railway".
Spooner and Company
James Swinton Spooner
Dates 1816–1884
James Swinton, an elder brother of Charles Easton, was the engineer to the Talyllyn Railway built in 1865.
George Percival Spooner
Dates 1850–1917
George Percival (son of Charles Easton and a graduate of Karlsruhe Polytechnic) remained with the family firm (often catalogued as Spooner & Co., Portmadoc, England) and designed fine engines for the Ffestiniog Railway and other railways. The Ffestiniog Carriages Nos. 15 & 16 were built in 1872 to his design by Brown, Marshalls and Co. Ltd., Birmingham. These were the first bogie passenger carriages of any gauge to run in the United Kingdom. These historic iron-framed carriages, the forerunners of all the carriages now running on British Railways, are still in use, and were fully restored in 2001 with the aid of a grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund. In 1879, George Percival was exiled to India (owing to the pregnancy of Eleanor Davies, one of the servants) where his career blossomed and he eventually became Locomotive Superintendent of the Indian State Railways. Unfortunately, he was not a businessman and lost most of his money. He eventually returned to England, becoming a Special Constable at Kings Cross, London during World War I. He died in 1917.
Charles Edwin Spooner
Dates 1853–1909
Charles Edwin Spooner, youngest son of Charles Easton, was resident engineer of the North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways from 1874 to 1876 during its construction. Afterwards he had a distinguished railway career in Malaya.
Postscripts
Garden railway
Charles Easton Spooner was a Victorian 'family man' and he established his family at Bron y Garth where in 1869 he built a garden railway for the entertainment of family and friends. Such a feature was an undoubted novelty at that time. The brass trackwork and the engine and rolling stock were all made in the FR works at Boston Lodge (where the surviving track is now stored). 'Topsy', the famous 3¼ inch gauge model of an England engine was built at Boston Lodge by W. Williams, Works Engineer and it was thought to have been lost. However it was discovered and brought to Porthmadog Harbour Station in 1963 and it is now on display. This is the earliest known model of the first narrow gauge locomotive in the world.
Spooner Family Grave
In 1998, the Ffestiniog and the Welsh Highland Railway Heritage Groups together undertook the restoration of the Spooner Family Grave in Beddgelert Churchyard. This consists of a large double plot with two carved slate memorial tops surrounded by iron railings, which had been specially made in the Ffestiniog Railway Boston Lodge works. One stone commemorates Charles Easton Spooner and his eldest son John Eryri, the other his wife Mary, with their infant son James and also their daughter Mary who died aged five allegedly of bubonic plague but more probably of typhoid. A separate grave alongside the first is that of the nurse Elizabeth Preece who cared for Mary and who herself died of the same disease two days later. The restoration work, which involved heavy weed clearance, the cleaning of the stones, and the rust proofing and painting the railings, caught the attention of Cadw, resulting in the graves now being listed as grade 2 monuments.
Footnote
The reference above to bubonic plague seems improbable. Typhoid is far more likely; it was both endemic and epidemic at the period, killing Prince Albert in 1861, but bubonic plague had a heyday from 1348 to about 1700. Cholera is just possible; there were outbreaks in 1832 in Liverpool and reputedly as late as 1860 in London.
References
Notes
Sources
C.E.Spooner; Narrow Gauge Railways, 1871, revised edn 1879
Railways or No Railways – The Battle of the Gauges Renewed. by R.F. Fairlie, London, Effingham Wilson, Royal Exchange, 1872.
M.J.T.Lewis; How Ffestiniog got its Railway, 1965.
M.J.T. Lewis, The 1870 Locomotive Trials in the Local Press, in the Heritage Group Journal (FR Society) No. 57. Spring 1999 (pages 21–27).
The North Wales Chronicle and the Carnarvon & Denbigh Herald, Feb 1870.
The Ffestiniog Railway's website
British civil engineers
Locomotive builders and designers
Ffestiniog Railway
Talyllyn Railway |
The siege of Tbilisi was the successful siege of the city of Tbilisi, capital of the Kingdom of Georgia, by the Turkic conqueror Tamerlane, which ended on 22 November 1386. The official history of his reign, Zafarnama, represents this campaign in Georgia as a jihad. After this, Timur invaded Kingdom of Georgia again in a Battle of Surami in late 1386.
History
In late autumn 1386, a huge army of Timur attacked Georgia. Timur set out from Kars and assailed Samtskhe, the southernmost principality within the Kingdom of Georgia later in 1386. From there, he marched to Tbilisi which the Georgian king Bagrat V had fortified. Tbilisi was besieged and taken on 22 November 1386, after a fierce fight. The city was pillaged and Bagrat V and his family were imprisoned. The Georgian Chronicle and Armenian Thomas of Metsoph mention the apostasy of the king but represent it as a clever ruse which enabled him to earn a degree of trust from Timur. Bagrat was given some 12,000 troops to reestablish himself in Georgia whose government was run by Bagrat's son and co-ruler George VII during his father's absence at Timur's court. The old king, however, entered in secret negotiations with George who ambushed Bagrat's Islamic escort, and freed his father.
References
Bibliography
The Timurid Dynasty
René Grousset, L'empire des Steppes, versio francesa 1938 reedició 4ª 1965, i versió anglesa 1970.
Hodong Kim, "The Early History of the Moghul Nomads: The Legacy of the Chaghatai Khanate." The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Ed. Reuven Amitai-Preiss i David Morgan. Leiden: Brill, 1998.
Beatrice Forbes Manz, The Rise and Rule of Tamerlane. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1989.
Mirza Muhammad Haidar. The Tarikh-i-Rashidi (A History of the Turks of Central Asia). Traduit per Edward Denison Ross, editat per N. Elias. Londres, 1895.
Alexander Mikaberidze. Historical Dictionary of Georgia .
Justin Marozzi. "Tamerlane: Sword of Islam, Conqueror of the World". (2004).
Tbilisi
Battles involving the Kingdom of Georgia
Tbilisi (1386)
Conflicts in 1386
History of Tbilisi
Tbilisi |
Eli Schechtman (or Shekhtman or Shechtman) (; September 8, 1908 – January 1, 1996) was a Yiddish writer. He defined the purpose of his work as follows: "My mission in Jewish literature was and still is ... to show to those who negate the power of the Galut, how mighty – spiritually and physically – were the generations who grew up in that Galut, even in the most godforsaken places."
In March 1953, several days before the official announcement of Stalin's death, Eli Schechtman was imprisoned as a Jewish nationalist and charged with espionage and Zionism. He was released several months after Stalin's death due to "lack of evidence of guilt".
Schechtman lived and worked in Israel from 1972 until his death in 1996.
Biography
Eli Schechtman was born in the shtetl of Vas'kovychi Korestensky district near Zhytomyr in the Ukraine. He was the seventh of eight children in his family. He received traditional Jewish education at a cheder. Eli Sсhechtman's mother died when he was eight years old, and his father took care of the children. Eli was forced to leave for Zhytomyr to study in a yeshiva at the age of thirteen.
In 1926, Eli Schechtman went to Odesa – a large intellectual center of Jewish life of that time – where he studied literature at the Odesa Jewish Pedagogical Institute from 1929 to 1932.
Marriage
In 1929 Schechtman met Sheindl (Zhenia) Magazinnik, an actress in a Jewish theater got married and in 1932 moved to Kharkiv, and later in 1936 to Kyiv. In 1934 Schechtman joined the Union of Soviet Writers as an active member, where his acceptance was sanctioned by Maxim Gorky, who was the chairman of the Union. During the 1930s Schechtman wrote three novels, all of which were published in Yiddish. He also translated the works of Ukrainian novelists to Yiddish.
.
World War II
On the day following the Nazi's attack on the USSR, and the bombing of Kyiv, Eli Schechtman, and his family were evacuated to Uzbekistan. In 1942 Schechtman voluntarily joined the Red Army. He was injured in 1944, but returned to the front line, and fought as an officer in the Russian army until the end of the war. In May 1945 he was part of the Russian forces who marched to Berlin, and in 1946-1948 he served near Weimar as the Cultural Attaché of the Soviet Forces.
Imprisonment
In 1948 Schechtman left Germany and returned to the USSR. Between 1948 and 1962, the Schechtman's family lived in Kyiv in a communal apartment with 16 neighbours. He couldn't publish his novels and the family struggled to survive, supported only by Sheindl's modest salary as a kindergarten teacher.
In March 1953, several days before the official announcement of Stalin's death, Eli Schechtman was imprisoned as Jewish nationalist and charged with espionage and Zionism. He was released several months after Stalin's death due to "lack of evidence of guilt".
Last years in the Soviet Union
Upon his release from the Soviet prison, Eli Schechtman began working on one of his major novels, Erev, despite the fact that at that time in the USSR there was not a single magazine, nor a single newspaper or publishing house in Yiddish.
This epic novel, the first Yiddish novel in the USSR, written and published after Stalin's death, became the central work of his literary career. A number of critics praised it as one of the best, or even the best, achievement of post-Holocaust Yiddish prose.
Israel
In 1972 Eli Schechtman and with his wife emigrated to Israel. In 1973 he became the first author to receive an award from the Prime Minister of Israel, Golda Meir, "for literary work in Yiddish." In 1975 a Hebrew translation of the first four parts of Erev were published.
Eli settled in Jerusalem and began to struggle with the attitude to Yiddish - the language of most Holocaust victims - as to a foreign language in the Jewish state. In the 1980s and 1990s, he became even more critical to the historical and cultural approach of the Israeli establishment to the European diaspora and its culture.
Although Schechtman was honored by several Israeli literary awards, he was dispirited by the status of the Yiddish language in Israel and generally remained suspended from the circle of local Yiddish writers. In 1991, Eli Schechtman, protesting the situation of Yiddish in Israel, refused to get involved in a two-volume Anthology of Yiddish poets and writers (who had ever lived in Israel), whose purpose was to give a complete picture of the Yiddish literature in the country.
Schechtman's literary heritage was eulogized by the writer and literary critic Itche Goldberg in Yidishe Kultur. His full literary heritage is kept in the library of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington.
Eli Schechtman died on January 1, 1996, and is buried next to his wife at a cemetery in Kiryat Bialik, Israel.
Novels
Schechtman began writing at the age of twelve. His earliest publication was in 1928: the two poems from the cycle "In shpil fun shneyen" ("In the Play of Snows") were published in (The Red World).
His collection of stories, (At the Crossroads; 1930), and especially his novel (Plowed Stripes, 1932–1936, reprinted in 1941), established him as a prose writer. A prose stylist, he continued the tradition of such writers as Dovid Bergelson and Der Nister. Most of his literary characters are residents of Polesie, a wooded and marshy land between the Ukraine and Belarus. A collection of his short stories – (Polesie Forests) – was published in 1940.
Upon his release from the Soviet prison, Schechtman began working on one of his major novels, Erev. This was the first novel published in the new and solely Yiddish magazine Sovetish Heymland, which appeared in the USSR in 1961, more than 20 years after the outbreak of WW2 and the defeat of Jewish culture.
The first four books of the novel were serialized Sovetish Heymland and the first two books were published in a single volume by the Moscow publishing house Sovetsky Pisatel in 1965. It was translated into French by Rachel Ertel under the name à la vielle de... in 1964. Into English it was translated under the original name Erev in 1967, by Joseph Singer. On the cover of this book, Eli Shekhtman is compared with Feodor Dostoevsky and Anton Chekhov. In 1975, the first four books of Erev were translated into Hebrew by Zvi Arad and published under the title Beterem.
In 1978, Schechtman suspended work on the novel Erev and began the writing of a large-scale autobiographical novel Ringen oyf der Neshome (The Rings on the Soul). The first and second books of the novel were published in 1981. The novel was translated into Hebrew and was printed twice: the first book was published in 1981, the second one – in 1983, and both books together – in the Classic series in 1992. The third and fourth books of the novel were published in 1988. translated the entire novel into Russian. The first and second books of the novel were published in 2001 under the title "Rings on the Soul" (in Russian Кольца на душе). In 2023, she also translated this novel into Ukrainian under the title "Goirl. Rings on the Soul" (in Ukrainian Ґойрл. Кільця на душі). The third and fourth books were printed in 2012 under the title "Plowing the Abyss" (in Russian Вспахать бездну).
In 1983, Eli Schechtman finished and published his monumental novel Erev, consisting of seven books, which the author called "The Menorah of My Life." The full novel was translated into Russian by Alma Shin and published in Israel in 2005. It was translated into French by and published in Paris in 2018. "Eli Chekhtman's novel could accompany the magnificent collection of the photographer Roman Vishniac with the title A Vanished World, which has preserved the memory of these Jewish communities in Eastern Europe, destroyed by the Shoah."
In 1988 Eli Schechtman began working on his last novel (The Last Sunset) which was published in 1994. The novel was translated into Russian by Alma Shin in 2008 and translated into French by Rachel Ertel in 2015. Gilles Rozier in his article "Le Yiddish d'une guerre à l'autre" compares Eli Shekhtman with his contemporaries Vasily Grossman and Varlam Shalamov.
Before his death Eli Schechtman completed several short stories (published posthumously) as a collection, entitled Tristia. Several stories from Tristia were translated into Russian by Alma Shin and were published in 2000 under the name Sonatas.
Awards and honours
1973, Prime Minister of Israel "for literary work in Yiddish"
1976, the Chaim Zhitlowsky Prize
1977, the Eliezer Pines Prize
1978, Itzik Manger Prize
1994, the Fernando Jeno Award for literature in Spanish, Hebrew, and Yiddish
the Congress of Jewish Culture Award
Early works
(At the Crossroads; 1930)
(Plowed Stripes, 1932)
(Ukrainian, Faraḳerṭe mezshes; translated by Z. Ioffe, 1937)
by Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky (Kiyeṿ: Melukhe-farlag di natsyonale minderhayṭn in USSR, translated by Eli Schechtman, 1940).
(Polesye Forests, 1940)
Erev (article)
Erev (1965; Erev, part 1 and 2, publishing house Sovetsky Pisatel Moscow)
á la vielle de... (1964; Erev, part 1 and 2; translated by , Paris)
Erev (1967; English; Erev, part 1 and 2; Joseph Singer , New York)
Beterem (1975; Erev, parts 1–4; translated by Zvi Arad, Tel-Aviv)
Erev, (1983; Erev, Books 1–7; published in Israel)
Эрев (2005; Erev Vol I Books 1–4; Alma Shin; Haifa, )
Эрев (2005; Erev Vol II Books 5–7; Alma Shin; Haifa, )
Erev – á la vielle de... (2018; Erev; ; Buchet-Chastel; Paris, ).
Ringen oyf der neshome (article)
(1981; Rings on the Soul, volume [1] was published in Tel-Aviv, Yiśroel-bukh)
(1983; Rings on the Soul part 1; translated by ; Tel-Aviv)
(1992; Rings on the Soul part 1 and 2; translated by Yehuda Gur-Arie
Кольца на душе (2001; Rings on the Soul, part 1 and 2; translated by , Haifa, )
(1988; Rings on the Soul, volume [2] part 3 and 4 was published in Tel-Aviv, Yiśroel-bukh, 1988)
Вспахать бездну (2012; Rings of the Soul, part 3 and 4; translated by Alma Shin; Haifa )
Ґойрл Кільця на душі (2023; Rings on the Soul, part 1 and 2; translated by , Львів, "Апріорі", 2023, )
Baim Shkie Aker (article)
Baim Shkie Aker (בײַם שקיעה-אַקער) (1994) (The last sunset, Yiddishe Kultur ) portrays the tragic story of a Ukrainian Jewish family destined to experience the atrocities of Stalinism and the Holocaust.
Последний закат (2008; «Byim shkie aker»; translated by Alma Shin; Haifa )
La Charre de feu (2015; «Byim shkie aker»; translated by ; Buchet-Chastel; Paris, ).
Tristia (stories) (article)
Tristia (1996; Tristia; Haifa )
Сонаты (2000; Sonatas; translated by Alma Shin; Haifa, ).
See also
Antisemitism in the Soviet Union
Doctors' plot
History of the Jews in Russia and Soviet Union
History of the Soviet Union
Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
Stalin and antisemitism
References
Further reading
Eli Shekhtman
Itshe Goldberg, "Eli Shekhtman, 1908–1996", 11–12, (1996)
Estraikh, Gennady. 2010. Shekhtman, Eli. YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe
Gennady Estraikh, Yiddish in the Cold War, Oxford, 2008,
Simkhovitch, S. (2006 [Mar. 17]): "Eli Shekhtman – tsu zayn tsenten yortsayt", Forverts, pp. 16–17.
Misha Lev, Remembering Eli Schechtman
M. Kapeliovitch,Eli Schechtman: Sunrise of "The Last Sunset"
Yiddish and the Creation of Soviet Jewish Culture: 1918–1930
Jewish Virtual Library: The 1970s and After
M. Kapeliovitch,
USHMM
External links
Кольца на душе, Vol 1,Part 1 (in Russian, performs Alma Shin) on YouTube
Кольца на душе, Vol 1,Part 2 (in Russian, performs Alma Shin) on YouTube
Winter sonata (in Russian, performs Alma Shin) on soundcloud
1908 births
1996 deaths
Writers from Zhytomyr
20th-century Ukrainian writers
Yiddish-language writers
Writers from Kyiv
Postmodern writers
Soviet military personnel of World War II from Ukraine
Soviet prisoners and detainees
Soviet rehabilitations
Stalinism-era scholars and writers
Soviet Jews in the military
Jewish Ukrainian writers
Ukrainian emigrants to Israel
Itzik Manger Prize recipients |
Prince Louis Thomas of Savoy (; Italian: Luigi Tommaso di Savoia; 15 December 1657 – 14 August 1702) was a Count of Soissons and Prince of Savoy. He was killed as Feldzeugmeister of the Imperial Army at the Siege of Landau at the start of the War of the Spanish Succession.
Biography
Louis Thomas was the eldest son of Eugene Maurice, Count of Soissons and Olympia Mancini, as well as the oldest brother of Prince Eugene of Savoy. He married Uranie de La Cropte de Beauvais, whom Saint-Simon had once described as "radiant as the glorious morn". His daughter Princess Maria Anna Victoria of Savoy eventually inherited Eugene's estate. His maternal cousins included the Duke of Vendôme as well as the Duke of Bouillon and Louis Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne. His paternal cousins included Victor Amadeus I, Prince of Carignano and Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden.
After the death of his father and the flight of his mother to Brussels due to her involvement in the notorious Poison affair, Louis Thomas and Urania were charged, along with his paternal grandmother, with the rearing of his younger brothers. Eugene was never to forget the couple's loving surrogate parentage.
Louis Thomas obtained a commission as an officer in the French Army, but Louis XIV had amorous designs on his wife. Urania, however, spurned the king's romantic advances. Angered, Louis dismissed Louis Thomas from the army, and, when Louis Thomas sought a position abroad, terminated his pension and dues. In 1699, all but bankrupt, Louis Thomas sought the aid of his younger brother, Eugene, in Vienna. With Eugene's help, he obtained a commission in the Austrian Imperial Army.
On 18 August Louis was killed by a French bomb at the Siege of Landau at the onset of the War of the Spanish Succession.
Issue
Princess Maria Anna Victoria of Savoy (1683–1763), Mademoiselle de Soissons; married Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Duke in Saxony, son of Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen; had no issue.
Prince Louis Thomas of Savoy (1685–1695)
Princess Thérèse Anne Louise of Savoy (1686–1736); never married and had no issue.
Prince Emmanuel Thomas of Savoy (1687–1729); succeeded as Count of Soissons. He married Princess Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein and had issue.
Prince Maurice of Savoy (1690–1710)
Prince Eugene of Savoy (1692–1712)
Ancestry
References
1657 births
1702 deaths
Louis Thomas
Counts of Soissons
Italian military personnel
Burials at the Basilica of Superga
Candidates for the Polish elective throne
Place of birth unknown
Dukes of Carignan |
Jozef Jaklicz (1894–1974) was a soldier of the Austro-Hungarian Army and the Polish Legions in World War I, and officer of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic, nominated to the rank of General brygady. He fought in World War I, Polish–Soviet War, Polish–Ukrainian War and the Invasion of Poland.
Jaklicz was born on 17 September 1894 in Kraków. After graduation from high school, he studied philosophy at the Jagiellonian University, and was active member of the Polish Sokol movement. In August 1914, Jaklicz joined 3rd Infantry Regiment of the Polish Legions. Promoted to the rank of company commander, he fought in Eastern Carpathians, Bessarabia and Volhynia. Following the creation of the Polish Auxiliary Corps, Jaklicz became a staff officer, and after its dissolution, he joined Polska Siła Zbrojna (Polnische Wehrmacht).
In late 1918, Jaklicz entered the Polish Army, and was named commandant of a battalion of the 36th Academic Legion Infantry Regiment, which fought in the Battle of Lemberg (1918). After serving briefly under Colonel Władysław Sikorski, in March 1919, he was transferred to the staff of 9th Infantry Division, where he remained until December 1919. From 2 January until 15 April 1920 Jaklicz attended a military course at the College of Polish General Staff. During the Polish–Soviet War, he was chief of staff of 15th Infantry Division, and then commandant of 25th Infantry Regiment. In late 1920, Jaklicz went to France, to study at Ecole Militaire.
Upon his return to Poland (March 1923) he was nominated to the post of officer of Polish General Staff, and was named chief of a department at the III Bureau, where he remained until December 1924. Jaklicz then lectured at Wyższa Szkoła Wojenna (Higher War School), but in April 1929 he was named commandant of 12th Infantry Regiment from Wadowice. Jaklicz lived in Wadowice until June 1932, returning then to the Higher War School. In December 1934 he was transferred to the 15th Infantry Division, which was located at Bydgoszcz.
In October 1935 Jaklicz once again was named chief of the III Bureau of the General Staff, remaining there until March 1939, when he was named deputy of the II Bureau of the General Staff. This was his last official post in the Second Polish Republic: Jaklicz remained in the II Bureau until 18 September 1939, when he crossed the Polish-Romanian border.
After escaping to Romania, Jaklicz was interned for a while, and then managed to get to France. He was named commandant of infantry of the 2rd Infantry Division, and after the fall of France, he remained in the occupied country. As leader of underground Polish Army in France, he organized evacuation routes for Poles in Marseilles and Grenoble. In May 1944 Jaklicz left for Great Britain, where he served in Center of Infantry Training. Demobilized in September 1947, he returned to France and settled there. On 1 January 1964 Polish Commander in Chief, Władysław Anders, promoted him to General brygady.
Jaklicz died in Paris on 3 July 1974. He was buried at Les Champeaux Cemetery in Montmorency.
Ranks
Chorąży – 25 June 1915,
Podporucznik – 28 April 1916,
Poruchik – 1 November 1916,
Captain – 1918,
Major – 1919,
Podpolkovnik – 1924,
Polkovnik – 1930
General brygady – 1 January 1964.
Honors and awards
Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari (1921),
Cross of Independence
Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta,
Cross of Valour (Poland),
Gold Cross of Merit (Poland),
Legion of Honour (1928).
Sources
Tadeusz Kryska-Karski i Stanisław Żurakowski, Generałowie Polski Niepodległej, Editions Spotkania, Warszawa 1991
1894 births
1974 deaths
Military personnel from Kraków
Polish generals
Recipients of the Cross of Independence
Recipients of the Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari
Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)
Recipients of the Gold Cross of Merit (Poland)
Polish people of the Polish–Soviet War |
Momox AG is a Berlin-based recommerce site for used books and media founded by Christian Wegner in 2004.
Wegner has said that "momox" stands for "Moderner Medien Online Express-Ankauf" ("Modern Media Online Express Purchase").
Wegner started selling used items in 2004 with 1500 euros start-up capital and of storage space, selling on eBay and Amazon. In May 2006, he founded Momox GmbH and the momox.de web site for buying books, CDs, and DVDs. The selling site Medimops opened in 2007.
In 2010, other investors joined the company. The company expanded to France, Austria, and Great Britain in 2011. In 2019, Momox had €250 million in sales.
, the majority owner is Verdane Capital of Norway, and Wegner has sold all his shares.
Due to Brexit, the company had to discontinue its service on momox.co.uk in December 2021.
In 2022, there was an expansion of the offering to Spain and Italy. On December 14, 2022, there was a transformation from a stock corporation to a European company.
See also
List of online booksellers
Notes
External links
momox.de, buyer of used books
medimops.de, seller of used books
momoxfashion.com, seller of used clothes
Companies based in Berlin
Book selling websites
German companies established in 2006
Bookstores established in the 21st century
Retail companies established in 2006
2006 establishments in Germany
Momox
EBay stores |
Kudrino () is a rural locality (a village) in Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Alexandrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010.
Geography
Kudrino is located 27 km east of Alexandrov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novosyolka is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Alexandrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast
Alexandrovsky Uyezd (Vladimir Governorate) |
Dwight Airport is a public-use airport located three miles north of Dwight, Illinois. The airport is privately owned by the Dwight Aero Service.
The largest airports close to Dwight are the Greater Kankakee Airport and Chicago's Midway International Airport.
Facilities and aircraft
Dwight Airport has two runways: runway 9/27 measures 2364 x 21 ft (721 x 6 m) and is constructed of both asphalt and turf. Runway 18/26 is 1900 x 100 ft (579 x 30 m) and made of turf.
Fuel is available at the airport.
For the 12-month period ending November 30, 2018, the airport has 38 operations per week, consisting entirely of general aviation. For the same time period, there are 11 aircraft based at the field: 9 single-engine airplanes and 2 ultralights.
Accidents and incidents
On July 27, 2016, a VANS RV4 crashed off the end of one of Dwight's runways while attempting a go-around. The sole pilot onboard was rescued uninjured.
On April 19, 2019, a Piper PA28 was substantially damaged while performing a precautionary landing at the Dwight Airport. While responding to a rough-running engine, the pilot of the aircraft decided to land after his tests in flight did not help the situation. Upon landing, the aircraft drifted off the runway, and the nose landing gear collapsed during the landing sequence. The cause of the incident was found to be a partial loss of engine power due to a restriction in fuel flow for undetermined reasons. None of the aircraft's occupants were injured.
References
Airports in Illinois |
Richard Huntington Melton (1935–) was an American career Foreign Service Officer who served as the US Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Nicaragua (April 1988 until July 1988, departure requested by the government of Nicaragua July 11, 1988) and Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Brazil (1989 - 1993).
Tenure in Nicaragua
Within hours of his arrival in Managua, the state-run radio station accused Meldon of being a CIA agent.
Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann, the Nicaraguan Foreign Minister, claimed, "the Embassy had been interfering in Nicaraguan affairs by encouraging protests by anti-Government groups." In a letter to Secretary of State George P. Shultz, Brockmann wrote, "Melton represented 'the Reagan Government's total disregard of the most elemental norms of international coexistence.'"
Ronald Reagan ordered Melton and eight others to leave the Embassy "for abusing their privileges of residence." The embassy remained open with Ronald D. Godard as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim.
References
External links
U.S. Ambassador Richard Melton said today the American diplomats...
1935 births
Ambassadors of the United States to Nicaragua
Ambassadors of the United States to Brazil
Living people
United States Foreign Service personnel |
The third series of the British medical soap opera Doctors originally aired between 3 September 2001 and 22 May 2002. It consisted of 129 episodes. The series saw multiple castings due to a large amount of cast exits in the previous series. These included new regulars Ariyon Bakare, Tabitha Wady, Natalie J. Robb, Tom Butcher, Nicole Arumugam and Tim Downie, amongst other recurring cast members. Wady and Arumugam departed from their roles at the conclusion of the series. The series received an average of 2.5 million viewers.
Cast
The previous series saw the departures of five regulars: Joanna Helm (Sarah Manners), Ruth Harding (Yvonne Brewster), Rana Mistry (Akbar Kurtha), Steve Rawlings (Mark Frost) and Caroline Powers (Jacqueline Leonard). This meant that Mal Young had to introduce several new regular characters, three of which were introduced together in the first episode of series three. These were: Ben Kwarme (Ariyon Bakare), a doctor who begins working at Riverside offscreen between the second and third series, Katrina Bullen (Tabitha Wady), a receptionist who wants to take charge of Riverside, and Jude Carlyle (Natalie J. Robb), a working-class Glaswegian doctor.
Tom Butcher debuted a month later as Marc Eliot, a former army major and doctor who suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder. He was followed by Kali Hamanda (Nicole Arumugam), a doctor who has an affair with Ben, and Alex North (Tim Downie), another doctor at Riverside. Katrina and Kali left at the end of the series. Alongside the regulars, two recurring characters were introduced: Jude's sister Beth (Valerie Gogan) and Mac McGuire's (Christopher Timothy) son Liam (Tim Matthews).
Main characters
Nicole Arumugam as Kali Hamanda
Ariyon Bakare as Ben Kwarme
Tom Butcher as Marc Eliot
Maggie Cronin as Kate McGuire
Eva Fontaine as Faith Walker
Natalie J. Robb as Jude Carlyle
Christopher Timothy as Mac McGuire
Corrinne Wicks as Helen Thompson
Tabitha Wady as Katrina Bullen
Recurring characters
Tara Coleman-Starr as Claire Thompson
Valerie Gogan as Beth Carlyle
Tim Matthews as Liam McGuire
Joshua Prime as Dan Thompson
Episodes
References
External links
Series 3 on IMDb
2001 British television seasons
2002 British television seasons |
Kpini Chugu, which means Guineafowl Festival in Dagbani, is a minor festival celebrated on the fourth month after Damba in Northern region of Ghana. It is observed in the Dagbon, Mamprugu and Nanung traditional areas. Naa Zangina is known to have been the initiator of this festival.
References
Festivals in Ghana |
Ulrich "Ueli" Giezendanner (; born 31 October 1953) is a Swiss businessman and former politician who served as a member of the National Council (Switzerland) for the Swiss People's Party from 1991 to 2019. He previously also served on the Grand Council of Aargau from 1989 to 1991. He remains a controlling shareholder in Giezendanner Group and serves as deputy chairman of KPT Health Insurance in Bern, Switzerland.
Early life and education
Giezendanner was born 31 October 1953 in Rothrist, Switzerland to Johann Ulrich Giezendanner, originally from Wattwil, who founded Giezendanner Group in 1934. He has one sister who permanently resides in Vira (Gambarogno) in Ticino. According to his own statements, Giezendanner completed a commercial apprenticeship, and did not pursue further education.
Career
In 1976, Giezendanner took over the company from his parents and turned it into a stock corporation. Today the business is managed by his son Benjamin Giezendanner, since 2017 as sole managing director, after his brother Stefan was excluded from management due to internal discrepancies.
More recently, Giezendanner has become deputy chairman of KPT Health Insurance, where is also a member on the Nomination and Compensation Committee. He remains a board member of the board of all Giezendanner companies.
Politics
From March 1989 to November 1991, he served in the Canton of Aargau legislature. In 1991, he was elected to the National Council, representing the canton of Aargau, and since 1995 he has been the head of the Commission for Transport and Telecommunications. Until mid-1996, he was a member of the Freedom Party of Switzerland. Since then, Giezendanner has been a member of the Swiss People's Party.
Giezendanner supported the expansion of the Baregg tunnel (a bit of a bottleneck in the Swiss motorway network) in 2003, and the adding of a second tube of the Gotthard road tunnel. He currently is an advocate of the creation of a Formula 1 circuit course in Switzerland. The federal government's policy of shifting the heavy transit traffic to rail, has been the cause of criticism of Giezendanner, because of his work on the Baregg tunnel and on the Gotthard road tunnel.
He's a member of a Campaign for an Independent and Neutral Switzerland.
Private
In 1975, Giezendanner married his first wife Helene (née Rüegger), who died in 1997. They had four children together. His eldest son, Oliver, died in infancy. His youngest son, Benjamin Giezendanner, was the youngest elected member of the Grand Council of Aargau and current member of the National Council (Switzerland), and most recently prospective candidate for Council of States (Switzerland). His elder son, Stefan Giezendanner, is a member of the Grand Council of Aargau since 2020.
Since 2017, he is married to his second wife and long-term partner Roberta Baumann (b. 1965).
Weblinks
Giezendanner Ulrich on the Website of the Swiss Parliament (parl.ch, in English)
References
External links
1953 births
Living people
People from Zofingen District
Freedom Party of Switzerland politicians
Swiss People's Party politicians
Members of the National Council (Switzerland)
Aargau politicians
Campaign for an Independent and Neutral Switzerland |
The Second Doctor comic stories is a range of offscreen adventures featuring the second incarnation of the Doctor, the hero of BBC 1's longrunning science fiction series Doctor Who. They initially appeared in TV Comic.
History
The TV Comic version of the First Doctor had had as companions John and Gillian. In 1966, when the Doctor changed his appearance on television and in comics, TV Comic has these characters traveling with the "new" Doctor. They were soon replaced with Jamie McCrimmon, to better match televised Doctor Who.
After the concluding Second Doctor television series aired, The War Games, TV Comic continued to print comics featuring the Second Doctor. The stories followed on from the end of that serial, in which the Doctor's people, the Time Lords had exiled him to the 20th century and deemed that he should change his appearance. These stories ignored the second part of the sentence and had the Second Doctor living on Earth with his old body, at least until the concluding story, in which agents of the Time Lords forced the Doctor to regenerate.
Fans would later use these stories as evidence for a fan theory concerning "Season 6B", first discussed for a wide audience in the 1995 episode guidebook The Discontinuity Guide written by Paul Cornell, Martin Day, and Keith Topping.
The Second Doctor has returned for comics printed in Doctor Who Magazine, IDW Publishing and Titan Comics.
Polystyle comic strips
TV Comic
TV Comic Holiday Special
TV Comic Annuals
Doctor Who Annuals
Doctor Who Magazine comic strips
Doctor Who Magazine and Doctor Who Magazine Specials
Special appearance
See also
List of Doctor Who comic stories
First Doctor comic stories
Third Doctor comic stories
Fourth Doctor comic strips
Fifth Doctor comic stories
Eighth Doctor comic stories
War Doctor comic stories
Ninth Doctor comic stories
Sixth Doctor comic stories
Seventh Doctor comic stories
Tenth Doctor comic stories
Eleventh Doctor comic stories
Twelfth Doctor comic stories
External links
http://www.drwhoguide.com/tvcomic2.htm
http://alteredvistas.co.uk/html/comic_strip_index.html#2nd
Comics based on Doctor Who
Second Doctor stories |
Best of April Wine is a compilation album by the Canadian rock band April Wine, released in 2003.
Track listing
All tracks written by Myles Goodwyn unless otherwise noted.
"I Like to Rock"
"Roller"
"Just Between You and Me"
"All Over Town"
"Say Hello"
"Oowatanite" (J. Clench)
"Enough is Enough"
"Tonite is a Wonderful Time to Fall in Love"
"You Won't Dance with Me"
"Anything You Want, You Got It"
"I Wouldn't Want to Lose Your Love"
"Rock n' Roll is a Vicious Game"
Personnel
Myles Goodwyn – lead & background vocals, guitar, keyboards
Brian Greenway – vocals, guitar, harmonica
Gary Moffet – guitar, background vocals
Jim Clench – vocals, bass
Steve Lang – bass, background vocals
Jerry Mercer – drums & percussion, background vocals
Various producers
Myles Goodwyn – producer
Nick Blagona – producer
Mike Stone – producer
Gene Cornish – producer
Dino Danelli – producer
References
April Wine albums
2003 greatest hits albums
Albums produced by Mike Stone (record producer)
Albums produced by Myles Goodwyn
MCA Records compilation albums
Albums produced by Nick Blagona |
Gradec is a settlement in the former Kastrat Municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. It has a population of 738.
References
Kastrat (municipality)
Populated places in Malësi e Madhe
Villages in Shkodër County |
Seiko-chan cut (聖子ちゃんカット) is a popular name for a kind of feathered hairstyle, named after and popularized by Japanese pop singer and idol Seiko Matsuda, although the hairstyle itself predated Matsuda's debut. The hairstyle was popular among young Japanese women in the 80s. It is a layered haircut that hides the eyebrows with bangs, and the sides are blown outwards and the back is curled inwards.
History
The feathered hairstyle became internationally popular with Farrah Fawcett, whose hairstyle was referred as the "Farrah-do", "Farrah-flip", or simply "Farrah hair". Some Japanese singers and idols in the late 1970s such as Sakiko Ito had similar hairstyles to the Seiko-chan cut.
Seiko Matsuda wore this hairstyle even before her debut; she is seen with the hairstyle in the drama Odaiji ni and on the cover of the first single "Hadashi no Kisetsu". The hairstyle was established with the release of the second single "Aoi Sangoshou" and became Matsuda's trademark. It is thought that Matsuda was imitating Olivia Newton-John who at the time had feathered hair.
Matsuda kept this hairstyle until the end of 1981. With the release of her single "Red Sweet Pea" in January of the following year, Matsuda bore shorter hair with a perm, which surprised fans and the public in Japan. According to Matsuda, she wanted to cut her hair, which had a lot of volume since the time of the single "Kaze Tachinu".
Trend in Japan
When Matsuda debuted in 1980, she became popular among ordinary girls and high school students. From this time on, the names "Seiko cut" and "Seiko-chan cut" were established.
Popular kayōkyoku idols such as Kyoko Koizumi, Iyo Matsumoto, Chiemi Hori and Yu Hayami debuted with the Seiko-chan cut in 1982. Akina Nakamori made her debut with a longer Seiko-chan cut before changing it into a ponytail.
Later in 1984, idols Momoko Kikuchi and Yukiko Okada, the latter a junior of Matsuda, debuted with the Seiko-chan cut. Other idols who debuted with the Seiko-chan cut include Miho Nakayama, Yui Asaka, Hiroko Moriguchi, and Tomomi Nishimura. The trend began to wane in the late 1980s, but pianists such as Ikuyo Nakamichi kept this style until the 1990s.
In the 2013 continuous TV novel Amachan, Haruko Amano (Kyoko Koizumi), who played the youth, appeared with a Seiko-chan cut as an aspect of the time. In 2016, when Fumi Nikaido appeared in Gochi 17, Kyary Pamyu Pamyu also showed this hairstyle on her Instagram.
References
1980s in Japan
Japanese fashion
Hairstyles |
Andrea Woodner is an American artist, architect, and philanthropist. She is the founder of the New York City-based Design Trust for Public Space, a nonprofit organization which "brings together government agencies, community groups, and private-sector experts to transform and evolve the city's landscape."
Early life
Andrea Woodner is the daughter of Ruth Lyon and Ian Woodner. She has two siblings, Dian and Jonathan Woodner.
Woodner was raised in New York City and loved art from an early age, often visiting the Frick Collection during her teenage years. She earned a BA with a concentration in ceramics and sculpture from Bennington College in the class of 1970. Later, she took classes at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design, then earned a master's in architecture from the Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation.
Career
In 1995, Woodner founded the nonprofit organization Design Trust for Public Space to connect design thought and incubation to the public good of New York City. She chaired the organization's board of directors until January 2016, when she was succeeded by Eric Rothman. She continues to be active in fundraising for Design Trust.
Upon their father's death in November 1990, Andrea and Dian Woodner inherited the Ian Woodner Family Collection. In 1991, the Woodner sisters variously sold and donated 143 works of art from his collection to the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC, including drawings by Albrecht Dürer, Benvenuto Cellini, and Giorgio Vasari. In July 2000, the sisters donated nearly 100 works of art by Odilon Redon to the Museum of Modern Art, including paintings, pastels, watercolors, drawings, prints and illustrated books.
Woodner's art has been exhibited at the Palmer Gallery of Vassar College.
References
Living people
20th-century American women artists
American women architects
Year of birth missing (living people)
Bennington College alumni
Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni
Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation alumni
American women philanthropists
20th-century American philanthropists
20th-century American artists
Architects from New York City
Philanthropists from New York (state)
21st-century American women
20th-century women philanthropists |
The South African Railways Class 34-000 of 1971 is a diesel-electric locomotive.
Between July 1971 and March 1973, the South African Railways placed 125 Class 34-000 General Electric type U26C diesel-electric locomotives in service.
Manufacturer
The Class 34-000 type GE U26C diesel-electric locomotive of the South African Railways (SAR) was designed by General Electric (GE). The first three locomotives were built by GE and imported, numbered in the range from 34-001 to 34-003, while the remainder were built by the South African General Electric-Dorman Long Locomotive Group (SA GE-DL, later Dorbyl) and numbered in the range from 34-004 to 34-125. The 125 locomotives entered service between July 1971 and March 1973.
The same U26C locomotive type is also in use on other railways around the world. One of them is the New Zealand Railways, where it is known as their DX class. Other users are Kenya Railways who for some years also leased South African Class 34 U26C locomotives, and América Latina Logística (ALL) in Brazil.
Class 34 series
GE and GM-EMD designs
The Class 34 consists of seven series, the GE Classes , , (also known as " ex Iscor") and , and the General Motors Electro-Motive Division (GM-EMD) Classes , and . Both manufacturers also produced locomotives for the South African Classes 33, 35 and 36.
Distinguishing features
As built, the GE Classes , and locomotives were visually indistinguishable from each other. The Class locomotives could be visually distinguished from the other series by the air conditioning units mounted on their cab roofs and initially when it was still a feature unique to them, by their running board mounted handrails. At some stage during the mid-1980s, all Class 34-000, 34-400 and 34-500 locomotives had saddle filters installed across the long hood, mounted just to the rear of the screens behind the cab on the sides. Since then, Class 34-900 locomotives could be distinguished from the older models by the absence of the saddle filter.
Modifications
Fuel capacity
As built, the Class 34-000 has a fuel tank and interlinked bogies, while the Class was delivered new to Iscor with a fuel tank to cope with the lack of en route refuelling points on the Sishen-Saldanha iron ore line. To facilitate the larger fuel tank, the inter-bogie linkage found on all other models had to be omitted on the Class .
To be usable on the iron ore line, Class 34-000 locomotives which ended up working there were modified to a similar fuel capacity. The inter-bogie linkage was removed and the fuel tank was enlarged by changing it from saddle-shaped to rectangular box-shaped. To maintain its lateral balance, a slab of metal was attached to each bogie in place of the removed linkage. In the second picture, the weld lines on the end of the enlarged fuel tank as well as the metal slab at the end of the bogie are visible.
Running board mounted handrails
Class 34-000 locomotives that were allocated to the Sishen-Saldanha Orex line were often modified by having removable running board-mounted handrails installed. All pre-2000 South African diesel-electric locomotives had their side handrails mounted along the upper edges of their long hoods. The ex Iscor Class 34-500s, however, came equipped with additional removable running board-mounted handrails. Since these handrails are slide-fit into brackets which are welded onto the running board, they are easily removed.
Since c. 2009, other mainline diesel-electric locomotive types also emerged from the Koedoespoort Transwerk shops with running board mounted handrails after major overhauls.
Electronic control system
Beginning in 2010, some Class 34-000 locomotives were equipped with electronic fuel injection and GE "Bright Star" control systems. On some of the first locomotives which were so modified, evidence of the modification is a raised middle portion of the long hood.
Service
GE Class 34-000s work on most mainlines and some branch lines in the central, western, southern and southeastern parts of the country. Some eventually joined the Class 34-500 on the Sishen–Saldanha Orex line to haul export ore from the open cast iron mines at Sishen near Kathu in the Northern Cape to the harbour at Saldanha in the Western Cape, until they gradually began to be replaced by new Class 43-000 locomotives in 2012.
On the Orex line, GE Class 34 series diesel-electric locomotives ran consisted to Class 9E or Class 15E electric locomotives to haul the 342-wagon iron ore trains. Each wagon has a 100-ton capacity and the trains are at least in length, powered by mixed consists of Class 9E and Class 15E electric, GE U26C Class 34-000, , 34-500 and 34-900 and from 2012, GE C30ACi Class 43-000 diesel-electric locomotives. In South Africa, mixed electric and diesel-electric consists are unique to the iron ore line.
Works numbers
The Class 34-000 builder's works numbers are listed in the table.
Liveries
With five exceptions, the Class 34-000 were all delivered in the SAR Gulf Red livery with signal red buffer beams, yellow side stripes on the long hood sides and a yellow V on each end. The five exceptions, numbers 34-055 to 34-059, were delivered in blue with a yellow V on the ends and yellow buffer beams for use on the Blue Train between Kimberley and Beaufort West. They were all eventually repainted in Spoornet’s orange livery after they were replaced in Blue Train service by seven Class 34-900 locomotives, numbers 34-924 to 34-930.
In the 1990s many of the Class 34-000 units began to be repainted in the Spoornet orange livery with a yellow and blue chevron pattern on the buffer beams. Several later received the Spoornet maroon livery. In the late 1990s many were repainted in the Spoornet blue livery with outline numbers on the long hood sides. After 2008 in the Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) and Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA) era, many were repainted in the TFR red, green and yellow livery and at least four were repainted in the PRASA purple livery.
Illustration
References
External links
3350
C-C locomotives
Co′Co′ locomotives
Co+Co locomotives
General Electric locomotives
Dorbyl locomotives
Cape gauge railway locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1971
1971 in South Africa |
Enterprise is a city in the southeastern part of Coffee County and the southwestern part of Dale County in Southeastern Alabama, United States. Its population was 28,711 at the 2020 census. Enterprise is the primary city of the Enterprise micropolitan statistical area (with the portion of the city in Dale County part of the Ozark micropolitan statistical area). It was originally a part of Enterprise–Ozark micropolitan area before being split; for a longer while it was originally part of the Dothan-Enterprise-Ozark combined statistical area but is now its own separate primary statistical area in later censuses.
Enterprise is famous for the Boll Weevil Monument, a large monument of a woman holding a boll weevil, in the middle of Main Street. The city erected the statue because the destruction of the cotton crop by the boll weevil had led to agricultural diversity, starting with peanuts and more prosperity than had ever come from cotton alone. It is the only statue to an insect pest in the world. Enterprise is right outside the U.S. Army's Fort Novosel, the home of Army Aviation.
Enterprise is home to Enterprise State Community College.
History
Founding and the Boll Weevil Monument
The founder of Enterprise, John Henry Carmichael, first settled there in 1881. Carmichael opened a store, which attracted more settlers to the area, and by the next year, a post office was relocated from the settlement of Drake Eye to the north to Enterprise. In 1896, with 250 people having settled there, the city of Enterprise incorporated. Soon afterward, the Alabama Midland Railway came to Enterprise, bringing with it opportunities for commerce and growth. By 1906, its population had grown to 3,750.
Enterprise's way of life came under threat in 1915. An infestation of boll weevils found its way into the region's cotton crops, resulting in the destruction of most of the cotton in Coffee County. Facing economic ruin, the nearly bankrupt area farmers were forced to diversify, planting peanuts and other crops in an effort to lessen the damage and recoup some of their losses.
Two years later, Coffee County was the United States' leading producer of peanuts. Not only did Enterprise stave off disaster, but its economy was renewed by the thriving new crop base. In appreciation, the people of Enterprise erected a monument in the city center to what the monument calls their "herald of prosperity", the boll weevil. The Boll Weevil Monument was dedicated on December 11, 1919, as a reminder of how the city adjusted in the face of adversity. It is the only monument to an agricultural pest in the world.
March 2007 tornado
In the early afternoon of March 1, 2007, Enterprise was hit by a devastating tornado (rated EF4) during the February–March 2007 tornado outbreak. The tornado caused nine deaths, injured over 121 others, and left severe damage in the city estimated at nearly $307,000,000, the worst disaster in Enterprise history.
The worst damage occurred at Enterprise High School, where eight students died after a hallway was almost completely destroyed. The students were Michael Bowen (16), Andrew (AJ) Jackson (16), Ryan Mohler (16), Peter Dunn lll (16), Michael (Mikey) Tompkins (17), Jamie Vidensek (17), Michelle Wilson (16) and Kathryn Strunk (16); the remaining casualty was resident Edna Strickland. A quarter mile-wide swath through the downtown area was devastated, with at least 370 houses damaged or destroyed. The National Guard was called into the city; a dusk-to-dawn curfew was implemented immediately after the disaster. President Bush, who arrived the morning of March 3, declared the county a disaster area. An AmeriCorps team was sent to the city to help organize and participate in disaster relief.
The high school was to be relocated to the west end of Boll Weevil Circle. It was due to be rebuilt by the 2010–11 school year at a cost over $80,000,000. Until then, the students were required to go to school at the local community college, where trailers were used to add classrooms. The high school was rebuilt and reopened on August 23, 2010.
Demographics
2020
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 28,711 people, 10,744 households, and 7,461 families residing in the city.
2010
As of the 2010 census, 26,562 people, 10,513 households, and 7,196 families resided in the city. The population density was . The 11,616 housing units averaged 371.1 per mi2 (143.2/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 69.4% White, 20.7% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 2.0% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 4.1% from other races, and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 8.8% of the population.
Of the 10,513 households, 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.6% were not families. About 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50, and the average family size was 3.00.
In the city, the age distribution was 25.4% under 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years or older. The median age was 34.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 99.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $48,042, and the median income for a family was $63,036. Males had a median income of $45,556 versus $31,588 for females. The per capita income for the city was $25,185. About 13.9% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.7% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over.
2000
As of the 2000 census, 21,178 people, 8,533 households, and 5,973 families were residing in the city. The population density was . The 9,641 housing units averaged . The racial makeup of the city was 71.62% White, 22.95% African American, 0.48% Native American, 1.60% Asian, 0.16% Pacific Islander, 1.27% from other races, and 1.92% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 3.88% of the population.
Of the 8,533 households, 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.0% were not families. About 25.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the city, the age distribution was 25.4% under 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $37,661, and for a family was $45,510. Males had a median income of $37,131 versus $20,560 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,493. About 10.4% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.0% of those under age 18 and 11.1% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Enterprise is served by Enterprise City Schools. It is also home to Enterprise State Community College, formerly known as Enterprise State Junior College. A two-year college, the Enterprise campus is home to the Boll Weevils.
Point of interest
Murals were produced from 1934 to 1943 in the United States through the Section of Painting and Sculpture, later called the Section of Fine Arts, of the Treasury Department. Paul Theodore Arlt was an artist with the Section of Fine Arts and painted the post office mural, The Section, in the Enterprise post office in 1941. The post office was torn down in 1991, but Arlt's mural, Saturday in Enterprise was preserved and now hangs in the Enterprise Public Library.
Weevil Way is a community art project with a series of more than 25 boll weevil statues decorated or dressed to represent the local landmarks or businesses where they stand.
Media
A weekly newspaper, The Southeast Sun, had been published since 1982 but is no longer publishing. The Enterprise Ledger is published Tuesday–Friday and Sunday and has been in circulation since 1898.
Music
The song "Your Guardian Angel" by The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus is dedicated to the eight students who lost their lives when a tornado hit the high school. The twister claimed 9 lives and destroyed Enterprise High School. The song "Held In His Love" by The Springs (band) was written by Stewart Halcomb, a student inside Enterprise High School on March 1, 2007, and dedicated to the eight friends he lost that day.
BamaJam
Enterprise was home to the BamaJam Music Festival featuring multiple acts performing on different stages in three days. Attendance has reached as high as 100,000 each night. In 2008, headliners included Hank Williams, Jr., ZZ Top, Lynyrd Skynyrd, and Trace Adkins, and in 2009, headliners included Taylor Swift, Blake Shelton, Charlie Daniels, Alan Jackson, Brooks and Dunn, The Black Crowes, and Kid Rock.
BamaJam 2011 was cancelled, but the show returned to BamaJam Farms in June 2012 with Eric Church, Tim McGraw, Ronnie Milsap, Alan Jackson, the Zac Brown Band, Sheryl Crow, and Kid Rock.
Notable people
Kendrick Adams, NFL outside linebacker
T. J. Barnes, NFL player
Katie Britt, Alabama Republican Senator
Ethel Cain, American singer-songwriter
Curly Chalker, country and jazz pedal steel guitarist
Clint Crisher, R&B singer
Juli Crockett, retired professional boxer, playwright, and theater director
Brendan Donovan, Baseball player for the St. Louis Cardinals
Jimmy DuBose, former NFL player
Terry Everett, former representative from Alabama's 2nd congressional district
Mark Fuller, federal judge for U. S. District Court, Middle District of Alabama
Kenneth A. Gibson, former mayor of Newark, New Jersey
Stewart Halcomb of The Springs (band)
David Howard, former NFL linebacker
April Hunter, professional wrestler and model
Jamey Johnson, country music artist born in Enterprise
Marcus Jones, college football player for the Houston Cougars, 2021 Paul Hornung Award winner
Jimmy McClain, NFL player
Michael McDowell, screenwriter and author of several Southern Gothic novels
Ben Paschal, reserve outfielder for the 1927 Yankees
Thomas Virgil Pittman, former federal judge on the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Alabama and the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
Cedric Smith, former NFL running back
Aud Tuten, former NHL player with the Chicago Black Hawks (1941–43)
Mark Wilkerson, lead singer of Course of Nature and husband of Melissa Joan Hart
Geography
Enterprise is located at 31° 19′ 39″ N, 85° 50′ 40″ W (31.3275 N, -85.844444 W).
Major highways that run through the city include U.S. Route 84 and Alabama State Routes 27, 134, and 167. US 84 runs through the northern part of the city along Boll Weevil Circle, leading northwest to Elba, the Coffee County seat, and east to Daleville. SR 167 runs north to south on the eastern side of the city on Boll Weevil Circle, leading north to SR 87 south of Troy and southeast to Hartford. SR 134 runs west to Opp.
Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Enterprise has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. The temperatures are moderated by its proximity to the Gulf Coast, and is part of the Wiregrass Region of Southern Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. The temperatures are usually not dissimilar from the Florida panhandle area.
It is located in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 8B with an average minimum temperature of 15 to 20 (F). As a result of its mild to warm climate, palm trees such as Butia capitata, Sabal palmetto, Phoenix canariensis, Cycas revoluta, and Trachycarpus fortunei are widely grown throughout the city.
Hurricanes and Tornadoes are common here as occasionally hurricanes can reach as far inland as Enterprise and tornadoes also can exist in Enterprise. Hurricane Eloise (1975) and Hurricane Opal (1995) caused extensive damage to the city.
References
External links
City of Enterprise official website
Enterprise Chamber of Commerce
Enterprise Public Library
The Enterprise Ledger
Cities in Alabama
Cities in Coffee County, Alabama
Cities in Dale County, Alabama
Enterprise–Ozark micropolitan area
Populated places established in 1896
1896 establishments in Alabama |
Sir Eric Weston (8 December 1892 – 20 October 1976) was a British-Indian civil servant and judge. He was an Indian Civil Service officer. He was the first Chief Justice of the Punjab and Haryana High Court.
Biography
He completed his B.A. from Cambridge University and went on to join the Indian Civil Service.
He is chiefly notable for being the very first Chief Justice of the Punjab and Haryana High Court.
He served as a justice of Bombay High Court from 1943 to 1950. From 1950 to 1952, he was the first Chief Justice of the Punjab High Court from 1950 to 1952, when he retired. He was knighted in 1954.
References
External links
Official Biography
Book Excerpt
National Archives
20th-century Indian judges
Knights Bachelor
Judges of the Punjab and Haryana High Court
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
Judges of the Bombay High Court
British expatriates in India
British expatriate judges |
Fervença River (, ) is a river in Portugal. It goes through Bragança.
References
Rivers of Portugal |
The American International School of Zagreb () is an international school located in Zagreb, Croatia, Europe. Founded in 1966.
About
AIS Zagreb has a current enrollment of 255 students, from pre-kindergarten to 12th grade, representing 35 countries. The school is governed by a five-member School Board; three of the members, including the board chair, are appointed by the United States Ambassador and two members are elected by the members of the PTA (Parent Teacher Association). Students who graduate from AISZ earn an American Diploma; in addition, students can also earn an International Baccalaureate Diploma.
Students in middle school and high school have the opportunity to participate in the following CEESA athletics and activities: MS boys and girls cross country, MS boys soccer, HS boys soccer, HS HOSIC, MS Speech and Debate, MS Mathcounts, MS Knowledge Bowl, HS Knowledge Bowl, MS boys and girls basketball, HS boys and girls basketball, MS Cultural Arts Festival, MS boys and girls volleyball, HS boys and girls tennis.
AISZ is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. In November 2013 a Validation Team representing the Middle States Association (MSA) visited AISZ to review and verify the work of the school's self-study done by the school's Planning Team. The Validation Team confirmed that AISZ meets the 12 standards set by the MSA and, as a result, AISZ has been re-accredited until 2020.
AISZ is also authorized by the International Baccalaureate Organization to offer the IB Diploma Program in grades 11 and 12. The IB Diploma is a rigorous academic program recognized by most universities around the world.
Memberships
AISZ is a member of:
Academy of International School Heads (AISH);
Association for the Advancement of International Education (AAIE);
Central and Eastern European Schools Association (CEESA);
Council for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE)
Council of International Schools (CIS);
European Council of International Schools (ECIS);
International Baccalaureate (IB);
Principals Training Center (PTC).
Faculty
Lana Škrgatić, US and IB music teacher and choir teacher
References
External links
AISZ on liveconstructioncams.com
International schools in Croatia
Private schools in Croatia
Educational institutions established in 1959
Gornji Grad–Medveščak
Zagreb
1959 establishments in Yugoslavia
Schools in Zagreb |
Synaesthete is a freeware game developed by four students at the DigiPen Institute of Technology under the team name Rolling Without Slipping. Synaesthete is a marriage of arcade-style music games such as Dance Dance Revolution and PC role-playing games such as Diablo II. At first glance, the feel of the game will be similar to an action RPG, but with several key differences. First, there is no inventory management, so players do not collect or equip items. Second, player actions such as attacking monsters and casting spells must occur synchronously with the music in order to be effective. Third, the game is not story-driven, and there are no friendly NPCs.
The focus of the player is to explore a music-driven environment, where the music that is playing changes the world, and reaching different parts of the world changes the music, as well as character advancement, which is accomplished by killing enemies and reacting synchronously to the music.
You control an avatar named the Zaikman, named after the team's producer Zach Aikman. The Zaikman is referred to as a defense mechanism for the collective unconscious, and you use him to destroy enemies and progress through various levels.
At the 2008 Independent Games Festival, Synaesthete was nominated for the Student Showcase, and Excellence in Visual Art. The game claimed the prize for Best Student Game among the 125 student entrants that year.
Gameplay
Controls
To play Synaesthete, the player must simultaneously move the character using the W, A, S, and D keys (default) to dodge enemies, while matching three music patterns using the J, K, and L keys (default). The music matching is similar to games like Beatmania, where the player must press the corresponding key at the right moment, in time with the music. Each successful hit of these "notes" will fire a beam from the Zaikman and wound an enemy. Synaesthete differs from most music-based games, however; the player is not required to hit every note. Instead, allowing notes to be missed simply means that the corresponding beam will not be fired. As each musical pattern is linked to a different track in the music (i.e., kick drum, synth, etc.), many players find it easier to focus on one or two and ignore the third.
Levels
Each level of Synaesthete belongs to one of three "Visions," where each Vision corresponds to a different style of electronic music. The "Way of the Samurai" vision corresponds to trance, "Synaesthete" to house, and "Like a Child" to hardcore. Each level corresponds to a song, and one level in each Vision contains a boss encounter. There are three levels to each Vision, and a final stand-alone level. Together, this accounts for 10 playable songs, all composed by the team's technical director, William Towns.
Soundtrack
Rolling Without Slipping
Listed below are the developers of Synaesthete, and their primary role:
Zach Aikman - Producer
Joseph Tkach - Designer
William Towns - Technical Director & Musician
Andy Maneri - Product Manager
External links
DigiPen page
References
2007 video games
Indie games
Music video games
Role-playing video games
Video games developed in the United States
Freeware games
Windows games
Windows-only games
Independent Games Festival winners |
Archdeacon James Brown Craven (1850 – 17 April 1924) was author of the History of the Church in Orkney and several other works on ecclesiastical history. He was a founder and the first president of the Orkney Antiquarian Society.
The son of Rev J E Craven, Free Church of Scotland minister at Newhills, near Aberdeen, he went to Orkney in 1876 to be rector of the newly built Episcopalian St.Olaf's Church in Kirkwall, and stayed there until his death. He was made Doctor of Divinity at Aberdeen University in 1908.
Craven was also the author of books on Hermetic alchemists, and mystic physicians including:
Doctor Robert Fludd (Robertus de Fluctibus), the English Rosicrucian: life and writings. 1890.
Count Michael Maier, doctor of philosophy and of medicine, alchemist, Rosicrucian, mystic, 1568–1622: life and writings. 1910.
Doctor Heinrich Khunrath: A Study in Mystical Alchemy. Published 1997. Adam McLean, Glasgow.
References
The Scotsman: Obituary, 19 April 1924
External links
1850 births
1924 deaths
People associated with Orkney
20th-century Scottish historians
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
Place of birth missing
19th-century Scottish historians
Historians of Scotland
Scottish Episcopalian clergy |
, provisional designation , is a classical trans-Neptunian object and dwarf planet candidate from the Kuiper belt, located in the outermost region of the Solar System, approximately in diameter. The cubewano belongs to the hot population. It was discovered on 26 July 2011, by astronomers with the Pan-STARRS survey at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, United States.
Orbit and classification
orbits the Sun at a distance of 39.1–44.3 AU once every 269 years and 1 month (98,276 days; semi-major axis of 41.68 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 23° with respect to the ecliptic.
As a cubewano, also known as classical Kuiper belt object, it is located in between the resonant plutino and twotino populations and has a low-eccentricity orbit. With an inclination above 8°, it belongs to the "stirred" hot population rather than to the cold population with low inclinations. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation in July 2011 at Haleakala Observatory.
Numbering and naming
This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 2018, together with hundreds of other centaurs, trans-Neptunian and near-Earth objects (see catalog entries from to ). This object received the number in the minor planet catalog (). As of 2018, it has not been named.
Physical characteristics
According to the American astronomer Michael Brown, measures 343 kilometers in diameter based on an assumed albedo of 0.08. On his website, Brown lists this object as a "possible" dwarf planet (200–400 km), which is the category with the lowest certainty in his 5-class taxonomic system. Similarly, Johnston's archive estimates a diameter 336 kilometers using an albedo of 0.09.
As of 2018, no spectroscopic or photometric observations have been made. The body's spectral type, color indices, rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.
References
External links
List of Transneptunian Objects, Minor Planet Center
M.P.E.C. statistics for F51 – All MPECs
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (520001)-(525000) – Minor Planet Center
523674
523674
523674
20110726 |
109 by AKB48
"10.20 From Shibuya" by Corduroy (band)
"30 Seconds Over Tokyo" by Pere Ubu
"A French Man In Tokyo" by Talamasca
"A History Of Tokyo Rail Traction" by John Fahey (musician)
"Akasaka After Dark" by Brenda Lee; Del Kacher And His Sonics
"All The Way From Tokyo" by Elliott Murphy
"Anarchy in Tokyo" by 30 Seconds to Mars
"Aoyama Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
"Asakusa Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
"Asakusa Rock" by Lizard
"Attention Tokyo" by Human Audio Sponge
"Awake In Neo Tokyo" by Freez-E-Style (techno)
"Azabu Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
"Back In Tokio" by Yellow Magic Orchestra
"Back To Tokyo" by Axelle
"Black Tokyo" by Aux 88
"Blue Tokyo" by Subaeris
"Blues From Tokyo" by Creation (Japanese band)
"Boogie Man Lives In Tokyo" by Ryojiro Furusawa & Lee Oskar
"Boulevard" by Dan Byrd
"Boy King Of Tokyo" by Bill Lloyd (country musician))
"Breakfast In Tokyo" by Ratko Zjaca, John Patitucci, Steve Gadd, Stanislav Mitrovic, Randy Brecker
"Bushwick To Shin-Juku" by Finsta Bundy
"Cheap Cheap Cheaper (Tokyo Theme)" by The Monotones
"Come In Tokyo" by Huevos Rancheros
"Dateline: Tokyo" by Brock Walsh
"Daybreak In Tokyo" by Ralph Stanley
"Dig You Later (A Hubba-Hubba-Hubba)" by Perry Como
"Don't Make Me Wait" by Bomb The Bass
"Downtown Tokyo" by Peter Parker's Rock N Roll Club
"Dusted" by Leftfield
"East Side/West Side" by Slow Pain
"Escape From Tokyo" by DJ Evolution
"Evening On Tokyo's Sumida" by Norrie Paramor
"Fancy" by Iggy Azalea
"Fast Train To Tokyo" by Rita MacNeil
"Five Bells Over Tokyo" by Peeni Waali
"Flight To Tokyo" by Electronic System
"Foreign Prince Of Tokyo" by Alan Merrill
"From Rome To Tokyo" by Turning Point
"From Tokyo To Frisco" by Maria Verano
"From Tokyo To London" by East Meets West
"Get Up! (Before the Night Is Over)(J-Wave Mix)" by Technotronic
"Ginza" by Johnny Moore (trumpeter)
"Ginza Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
"Ginza Lights" by The Ventures
"Ginza Ska" by The Ventures
"Go Go Go Tokyo" by The Rubinoos
"Gomen ne Tokyo" by Misaki Iwasa
"Good Morning Tokyo!" by Tokyo's Revenge
"Goodnight Tokyo" by Jackie O
"Gunjou Biyori" by Tokyo Jihen
"Hammersmith To Tokyo And Back" by Art of Noise
"Hand Held In Black And White" by Dollar (band)
"Harajuko Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
"(Heart of) Tokyo" by She One
"Heartache All Over The World" by Elton John
"'Here I Go To Tokio', Said Barnacle Bill, The Sailor" by Carson Robison
"Hero In Tokyo" by Burn The Negative
"Hobo Scratch" by Malcolm McLaren
"Hongkong – Tokyo" by Hubert Kah
"I was Born in Tokio" by Charles Lecocq, Gustave Kerker and Charles Alfred Byrne
"JAL To Tokyo" by Underworld
"Jet Stream Tokyo" by Humanoid Brian Dougans
"Kamata Hollywood City" by Gun Club
"Ke-Toky-I-O" by The Sportsmen (featuring Thurl Ravenscroft)
"Keys In Tokyo" by Chris Silvertune featuring Anja
"Left My Heart in Tokyo" by Mini Viva
"Let's Go To Tokyo" by TQ
"Lexington Queen" by Ryuichi Sakamoto (Lexington Queen was the name of a nightclub in Tokyo)
"Life in Tokyo" by Gruppo Sportivo
"Life in Tokyo" by Japan
"Livin' Tokyo" by Faust
"Lost in Tokyo" by Super Girls
"Love From Tokyo" by Rita Coolidge
"Love In Tokyo" by The Honeycombs
"Love You Tokyo" by Sam Taylor (saxophonist)
"Loved In Tokyo" by Max Zero
"Meguro" by Endy Chow
"Meguro" by Endy Chow and Fiona Sit
"Mejuro Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
*Midnight In Tokyo" by Addy Flor
"Midnight In Tokyo" by Cornerstone
"Midnight In Tokyo" by Ian Mitchell (musician) Band
"Midnight In Tokyo" by Joe Lynn Turner
"Midnight In Tokyo" by Tokyo Boys
"Midnight In Tokyo" by Y&T
"Mon Amour Tokyo" by Pizzicato Five
"My Army of Lovers" by Army of Lovers
"My Private Tokyo" by Vicious Pink
"Nairobi To London" by Jahawi (on a Solarstone album}
"Nanstans I Tokyo" by Hasse C
"Narita" by Riot
"Narita Express" by Russ Gabriel
"Navy Blue" by Diane Renay
"New Tokyo Blue Mood" by Subaeris
"New York – Rio – Tokyo" by Trio Rio
"Night In Tokyo" by Nahki, Tony & Chris (reggae)
"Night Train To Tokyo" by Laurel Aitken
"Nightflight To Tokyo" by Roger Bennet
"Nightlife In Tokyo" by Harold Mabern Trio
"Ohayo Tokyo" by Alcatrazz
"Ohio To Tokyo" by The Lilac Street Band
"On The Ginza" by Wayne Shorter
"One Night In Tokyo" by Arthur Lyman
"One Night In Tokyo" by Bad Moon Rising
"One Rainy Night In Tokyo" by Brenda Lee
"Ooglie, Ooglie, Oogie (The Tokyo Boogie)" by Moon Mullican
"Paris, Tokyo" by Lupe Fiasco
"Piscine A Tokyo" by Opera Multi Steel
"Pit Inn" by Fruitcake
"Radio Tokyo" by Devin Payne
"Radio Tokyo" by Marvelous 3
"Radio Tokyo" by Yellow Power (Tony Carey)
"Rainy Night In Tokyo" by Michael Franks
"Rock And Roll In Tokyo" by G.I. Jap
"Roof Tops Of Tokyo" by Billy Vaughn
"Roppongi" by Jeff Baxter, Teddy Castellucci, James Harrah, Buzz Feiten
"Roppongi Crossing" by Rob Mullins
"Roppongi Panic" by Candy Dulfer
"Roppongi Street" by The Nolans
"Roppongi Suicide" by Asia Gang
"Roppongi Roppongi" by Vodka Collins
"Salsa Rappsody" by Modern Romance
"Saturday Night In Tokyo" by Ian McDonald
"Sayonara Tokyo" by Singing Melody
"Secret Of Tokyo" by Kazumi Watanabe
"Shibuya Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
"Shibuya Screen" by Bill Nelson
"Shinjuku Dub" by Hi Tech Roots Dynamics
"Shinjuku Twilight" by Eddie Higgins
"Shintaro" by Men at Work
"Shower" by The Mountain Goats
"Sound From Shinjuku" by Ital Horns Meets Bush Chemists (featuring Rico Rodriguez)
"Straight To Stereo (Tokyo-London)" by Dr Calculus (featured Stephen Duffy)
"Street Angels, Tokyo" by Frank Chickens
"Summer In Tokyo" by Azymuth
"Sunrise in Tokyo" by Joe Henderson
"Sunrise in Tokyo" by Tokyo Blade
"Sunshine In Tokyo" by Tirez Tirez
"Superstar In Tokyo" by Hot Cold
"Sushi Girl" by The Tubes
"Take Me Back To Tokyo" by Mega NRG Man
"Talk You All Tight(Dedicated To The City Of Tokyo)" by Kazumi Band (featuring Kazumi Watanabe)
"Taste Of Tokyo" by Band Of Pleasure (features James Gadson)
"Teatime In Tokyo" by Helmut Zacharias
"Teknokyo" by DHS
"Theme From Tokyo Bullet" by Powdered Rhino Horns
"The Third Chamber: Part 5 – 7pm Tokyo Shrine by Loop Guru
"This Is Tokyo Rose" by Tokyo Rose
"Ticket To Tokyo" by Mal Waldron & Jim Pepper
"Time In Tokyo" by Bill Nelson
"Time Is A Passer-By (In Tokyo)" by Frank Chickens
"TOKYO!!" by Sana TOKYO!!
"Tokio" by Bit-Max
"Tokio" by Jack Payne (bandleader)
"Tokio" by Kenji Sawada
"Tokio" by Laura Branigan
"Tokio" by Lenny Mac Dowell
"Tokio" by Liverpool Five
"Tokio 1964" by Peter Kreuder
"Tokio Airport" by Metal Boys
"Tokio Bang!" by Soft Ballet
"Tokio Blues" by Irving Berlin
"Tokio Dream" by Makoto Horiuchi
"Tokio Lovers" by Pepe Jaramillo
"Tokyo" by 10cc
"Tokyo" by A Flock of Seagulls
"Tokyo" by ADX
"Tokyo" by At Vance
"Tokyo" by Athlete (from their album Beyond the Neighbourhood)
"Tokyo" by Attack
"Tokyo" by Base Ball Bear (from their album Detective Boys)
"Tokyo" by The Books
"Tokyo" by Brian Ice
"Tokyo" by Bruce Cockburn (from his album Humans; #44 on RPM in 1980)
"Tokyo" by B'z (from their album Love Me, I Love You)
"Tokyo" by Carola Häggkvist
"Tokyo" by Chips
"Tokyo" by Classix Nouveaux
"Tokyo" by Danny Saucedo (from his album Heart Beats)
"Tokyo" by Darrell Mansfield Band
"Tokyo" by David Boydell
"Tokyo" by Dirty Looks
"Tokyo" by Dollar
"Tokyo" by Donna Summer
"Tokyo" by Eikichi Yazawa (from his album Heart)
"Tokyo" by Fargo
"Tokyo" by Forcefield III
"Tokyo" by Gabi Delgado
"Tokyo" by GaGaGa SP
"Tokyo" by Geoffrey Downes & The New Dance Orchestra
"Tokyo" by Gruppo Sportivo
"Tokyo" by Hans Vandenburg & Ajax Supporters
"Tokyo" by Hirakawachi Itchōme
"Tokyo" by Hurricane
"Tokyo" by Imagine Dragons
"Tokyo" by Jerry Donahue
"Tokyo" by Jinco
"Tokyo" by Keisuke Kuwata
"Tokyo" by Kururi
"Tokyo" by Legendary Stardust Cowboy
"Tokyo" by Lianne La Havas
"Tokyo" by Lil' Mark
"Tokyo" by Lili & Sussie
"Tokyo" by Masaharu Fukuyama
"Tokyo" by Masashi Sada (from his album Yume Kaikisen)
"Tokyo" by Mr. Children (from their album Supermarket Fantasy)
"Tokyo" by My Pace
"Tokyo" by Nevada
"Tokyo" by Numbers Radio
"Tokyo" by Owl City
"Tokyo" by Paul Oakenfold
"Tokyo" by Remioromen (from their album Kachou Fuugetsu)
"Tokyo" by RM (rapper) of BTS
"Tokyo" by Richie Beirach
"Tokyo" by Rikki and the Last Days of Earth
"Tokyo" by Rockwell
"Tokyo" by Rod McKuen
"Tokyo" by Science
"Tokyo" by Shogo Hamada
"Tokyo" by Sound Tribe Sector 9
"Tokyo" by Steve Gibbs
"Tokyo" by Sunny Day Service
"Tokyo" by Telekinesis
"Tokyo" by The Thompson Twins
"Tokyo" by Tino Casal
"Tokyo" by Tokyo (Robby Musenbichler)
"Tokyo" by Toshinori Kondo, Eraldo Bernocchi, Bill Laswell
"Tokyo" by Unsteady
"Tokyo" by Vinyl Theatre
"Tokyo" by Warren Carr
"Tokyo" by White Lies
"Tokyo" by w-inds.
"Tokyo" by The Wombats
"Tokyo" by Yashiki Takajin (from his album Mood Yume Miru Otoko)
"Tokyo" by Yoeko Kurahashi
"Tokyo" by Yui
"Tokyo Alley" by ***** Hyman
"Tokyo Amazon" by Stroke
"Tokyo Bay Blues" by Ann Lewis (musician)
"Tokyo Bijin" by Yuko Nakazawa
"Tokyo Biyori" by Tomiko Van
"Tokyo Blue" by Charles McPherson (musician)
"Tokyo Blue" by Najee
"Tokyo Blues" by Horace Silver
"Tokyo Blues" by John Kaizan Neptune
"Tokyo Blues" by Mark Lindsay
"Tokyo Boogie Boogie Night" by Keito Saito & Axel Zwingenberger
"Tokyo Bootlegger Man" by David Lindley (musician)
"Tokyo Boy" by Ra
"Tokyo Boy" by Sandra Kim
"Tokyo Breaks" by Tilt (British band)
"Tokyo Butterfly" by Jerry Smith
"Tokyo By Night" by Gina T
"Tokyo By Night" by Hook N Sling Ft. Karin Park
"Tokyo By Night" by Toshiro Mayuzumi
"Tokyo City" by The Slickers
"Tokyo Cosmopolitan" by Jamaaladeen Tacuma
"Tokyo Dawn" by Doc Scott
"Tokyo Days" by Yuna Ito
"Tokyo Dreamer" by Beat Culture
"Tokyo Drift (Fast and the Furious)" by Teriyaki Boyz
"Tokyo Drift" by Bass Mekanik
"Tokyo Drift" by Yung Lean
"Tokyo Drive" by Aux 88
"Tokyo Drive" by TOKIO
"Tokyo Dub" by Juno Reactor
"Tokyo Express" by Starfish Pool
"Tokyo Express" by Subtara
"Tokyo Fantasy" by Alessandra Mussolini
"Tokyo Fever" by J Boss Band (Jürgen Boss)
"Tokyo Flyer" by Rah Band
"Tokyo Girl" by Ace of Base
"Tokyo Girl" by Guru Guru
"Tokyo Girl" by Michael Fortunati (entry on Italian Wikipedia)
"Tokyo Girl" by Minako Honda
"Tokyo Girl" by Shogun
"Tokyo Girls" by Tik and Tok
"Tokyo Glitterati" by Vector Lovers
"Tokyo Guitar" by Hank Marvin
"Tokyo Heartwash" by Glamorous Hooligan
"Tokyo High Life" by Dieter Reith
"Tokyo Highway" by Kyary Pamyu Pamyu
"Tokyo Hotel Room" by Woodpigeon + Norman Blake
"Tokyo Is Calling" by Marko Albrecht (under the name 'Mark 'Oh')
"Tokyo Joe" by Bertie Higgins
"Tokyo Joe" by Bryan Ferry
"Tokyo Joe" by Matchbox (band)
"Tokyo Joe (One Roll From Paradise)" by Wigwam (Finnish band)
"Tokyo Kid" by Jean-Michel Jarre
"Tokyo Lady" by Masayoshi Takanaka
"Tokyo Love" by Cargoe
"Tokyo Love Hotel" by Rina Sawayama
"Tokyo Mater" by Winged Beat
"Tokyo Melody" by Helmut Zacharias
"Tokyo Midnight" by Ai Otsuka
"Tokyo Night" by Mandy Gordon
"Tokyo Nights" by Bandzai!
"Tokyo Nights" by Bee Gees
"Tokyo Nights" by Krokus
Tokyo Nights" by Nick Stoynoff (on album by Solarstone)
"Tokyo Nights" by Room 101
"Tokyo Nights" by Rob Mullins
"Tokyo Nights" by The Ventures
"Tokyo Nights" by Utada Hikaru
"Tokyo Nights" by Zane And Hogan With Kibbe
"Tokyo Nitelife" by Eskobar (a drum and bass tune)
"Tokyo No Yoake" by Deep Rooted
"Tokyo, Oklahoma" by John Anderson
"Tokyo Olympiad" by Toshiro Mayuzumi
"Tokyo Pace" by John Kaizan Neptune
"Tokyo Panorama" by Toshiro Mayuzumi
"Tokyo Polka" by Country Fever
"Tokyo Racer" by Les Jardiniers
"Tokyo Rain" by Fetus Productions
"Tokyo Rain" by Mastermind
"Tokyo Return" by Dave Grusin
"Tokyo Rimshot" by The Walker Brothers
"Tokyo Rising" by Burning Rain
"Tokyo Rising" by Nikki Richards
"Tokyo Road" by Stranger
"Tokyo Road" by Bon Jovi
"Tokyo Rock'n Rollers" by 5X
"Tokyo Room" by Peter Daltrey and Damien Youth
"Tokyo Rose" by Chapman Whitney
"Tokyo Rose" by David Feinstein (from Elf (band))
"Tokyo Rose" by Focus
"Tokyo Rose" by The Good Men
"Tokyo Rose" by Hogsnort Rupert
"Tokyo Rose" by Idle Eyes
"Tokyo Rose" by Kamikaze
"Tokyo Rose" by Riot
"Tokyo Rose" by The Rods
"Tokyo Rose" by Shok Paris
"Tokyo Rose" by UK Subs
"Tokyo Rose Sings The Blues" by Richie Cole (musician)
"Tokyo Rush" by Brisk & Vagabond vs. Uraken
"Tokyo Sally" by Creation (Japanese band)
"Tokyo Scenario" by Unison Square Garden
"Tokyo-Scope" by The Mitgang Audio
"Tokyo Shuffle" by Breakfast Band
"Tokyo...Singin' In The City" by Masayoshi Takanaka
"Tokyo Smoke” by Cage the Elephant
"Tokyo Sound Machine" by T-Square (band)
"Tokyo Soundscape" by The Clarke & Ware Experiment (Vince Clarke & Martyn Ware)
"Tokyo Stealth Fighter" by Dave Angel
"Tokyo Storm Warning" by Elvis Costello
"Tokyo Streets" by Glamour Cult
"The Tokyo Story" by Happy Ever After
"Tokyo Subway" by Slam (band)
"Tokyo Sue" by Susan
"Tokyo Summer" by Mounties
"Tokyo Sun" by Russ Gabriel
"Tokyo Sunrise" by LP
"Tokyo Sunset" by Peter Weekers & Francis Goya
"Tokyo Taxi" by The Accadians
"Tokyo Telacom" by Aux 88
"Tokyo to iu katasumi" by Morning Musume
"Tokyo Tiger" by 22 Pistepirkko
"Tokyo To Kokomo" by Peter Gallway
"Tokyo Tokyo" by 808 State
"Tokyo Tokyo" by D-Essex
"Tokyo Tokyo" by Die Raketen
"Tokyo Town" by Sarah
"Tokyo Town Pages" by HASYMO (an alias of Yellow Magic Orchestra)
"Tokyo Traffic" by Hot Lizard
"Tokyo Trains" by David Harrow
"Tokyo Travel" by The Future Sound of London
"Tokyo Twilight" by Santo & Johnny
"Tokyo Twist" by Tone Band
"Tokyo (Vampires & Wolves)" by The Wombats
"Tokyo Vibes" by Hypertrophy
"Tokyo Voix" by Gennaro Le Fosse
"Tokyo (We Want To Go To)" by Komputer
"Tokyo Woman" by Roy Gaines & Mitsuyoshi Azuma
"Tokyorio" by Chaplin Band
"Tokyo's Burning" by Anarchy
"Tokyo's Burning" by Genuine Brandish
"Tokyo's Coolest Sound" by Pizzicato Five
"Tokyo's On Fire" by W.A.S.P.
"Tokyo's Theme" by Roland Alphonso
"Tony Goes To Tokyo (And Rides The Bullet Train)" by The Revox Cadets
"Tonight in Tokyo" by Sandie Shaw
"Touch" by Lori and the Chameleons
"Train To Tokyo" by Thomas Schumacher & Toby Izui (techno tune)
"Trip To Tokyo" by Dekstrom
"The Trip To Tokyo" by Nollaig Casey & Arty McGlynn
"Truth (Tokyo Noir)" by Time Machine
"Turn Around In Tokyo" by The Babys
"Twilight In Tokyo" by Buck Ram
"Two 'D's From Shinjyuku, Dig & Dug" by Billy Harper & Jon Faddis
"Ueno Park 5AM" by Mario Piu & Jurgen Cecconi
"Una Sera Di Tokio" by Sandra Alexandra
"Utsukushii Shibuya" by Ozma
"Vienna Calling" by Falco
"Wake Up" by Hilary Duff
"Walk In Tokyo" by Gladstone Anderson
"Welcome to Tokyo" by Sandaime J Soul Brothers from Exile Tribe
"Welcome to Tokyo, Otis Clay" by Clinton
"What’s The Time In Tokyo" by Marcella Detroit
"When It's Cherry Time in Tokio" by James P. Johnson
"When Tokyo?" by Eric Gale
"Woman from Tokyo" by Deep Purple
"Woman In Tokyo" by Mega NRG Man
"Work Away Tokyo Day" by Andy Partridge
"Y.S. Tangled In Tokyo" by Haruomi Hosono and Bill Laswell
"You And Not Tokio" by Marquess feat Alexandra Ungureanu
Songs with videos of Tokyo
These songs, while not having Tokyo in their names, lyrics, or in content, have, as their (promotional) videos, scenes of Tokyo.
"I Love The Things You Do To Me" by Balaam and the Angel
"Love Missile F1-11" by Sigue Sigue Sputnik
"Just Can't Get Enough" by The Black Eyed Peas
"Motorcycle Emptiness" by The Manic Street Preachers
"Rather Be" by Clean Bandit featuring Jess Glynne
"SuperLove" by Charli XCX
"Loca" by Álvaro Soler
"Mizu" by AGA
"Official Start" by Ian Chan
The video for "I Will Possess Your Heart" by Death Cab for Cutie was shot in New York City, London, Paris, Frankfurt, Tokyo, Hokkaido, Tunis, Carthage, Bangkok, Siem Reap, and Phnom Penh.
References
Tokyo
Songs |
Gjon II Kastrioti (;1456–2 August 1514), was the son of Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg, the Albanian national hero, and of Donika Kastrioti, daughter of the powerful Albanian prince, Gjergj Arianiti. He was for a short time Lord of Kruja after his father's death, then Duke of San Pietro in Galatina (1485), Count of Soleto, Signore of Monte Sant'Angelo and San Giovanni Rotondo. In 1495, Ferdinand I of Naples gave him the title of the Signore of Gagliano del Capo and Oria. While in his teens, he was forced to leave the country after the death of his father in 1468. He is known also for his role in the Albanian Uprisings of 1481, when, after reaching the Albanian coast from Italy, settling in Himara, he led a rebellion against the Ottomans. In June 1481, he supported forces of Ivan Crnojević to successfully recapture Zeta from the Ottomans. He was unable to re-establish the Kastrioti Principality and liberate Albania from the Ottomans, and he retired in Italy after three years of war in 1484.
The return of Gjon II Kastrioti in Albania (1481-1484)
With the death of his father, Skanderbeg, in 1468, Gjon II Kastrioti migrated with his mother, Donika Kastrioti, and for a short period of time lived in the Kingdom of Naples, in the properties he had inherited from his father, Skanderbeg. He was fighting against the Ottomans in Otranto, when representatives of the Albanian insurgents asked Gjon II Kastrioti to return to Albania and he accepted their request.
Taking advantage of the interest of the Neapolitan court at this time in expanding the front of the war against the Ottoman invaders, Gjon II Kastrioti managed to obtain from King Ferdinand the necessary means of navigation to come to Albania together with a number of warriors. In four Neapolitan ships (galera) he loaded his forces and set sail for the homeland with his cousin, Konstandin Muzaka.
After Gjon II Kastrioti landed south of Durrës in 1481, Neapolitan ships headed for southern Albania and landed Konstandin Muzaka in the Himara area, where another hotbed of anti-Ottoman uprisings had been created. Meanwhile, in northern Albania, in the mountainous regions of Lezha and Shkodra, the forces of Nikollë and Lekë Dukagjini operated. They also attacked the city of Shkodra, which forced Sulejman Pasha to send military reinforcements to this area as well.
Gjon II Kastrioti was welcomed by the inhabitants of central Albania as the legal heir of the country. With his arrival the insurgents of these regions intensified the struggle for the expulsion of the Ottoman invaders. In these conditions, Sulejman saw Eunuku launched against them a part of the Ottoman army, which was preparing in the vicinity of Vlora to go to Italy.
To withstand the attack of the Ottoman army, Gjon II Kastrioti sent a part of his fighters to defend a path from which the enemy troops would pass. But the Albanian fighters could not withstand the attack of the Ottoman forces and almost all of the Albanian soldiers were taken prisoner. This loss shook Gjon II Kastrioti's confidence in the success of the uprising, so he thought of leaving Albania and returning to Italy. But the inhabitants of the Kastriot possessions expressed a massive readiness to continue the fight against the Ottoman invaders. About 7,000 Albanian infantry gathered around Gjon II Kastriot and in the first half of August 1481 attacked and defeated an Ottoman army of 2,000 to 3,000 soldiers. In addition to this victory, the Albanians who had been captured by the Ottomans in the previous battle were also released.
Also during August 1481, in the western parts of southern Albania, especially in the region of Himara, fierce fighting took place between Albanians and Ottoman troops. Under the leadership of Konstandin Muzaka, Albanian fighters surrounded and attacked the castles of Himara and Sopot (Borsh), capturing both of them. The very difficult situation that was created for the Ottoman forces, operating in these areas, forced Sulejman Pasha to leave on his own at the head of 3,000 soldiers in the direction of Himara. But on the way they were defeated in battle by the Albanians and left over 1,000 Ottomans killed and prisoners. Among the captives was the beylerbey of Rumelia, Sulejman Pasha, whom the Albanians gave as a war trophy to Gjon II Kastrioti.
After the victory of the Albanians over the troops of Sinan Pasha, in the coastal areas of southern Albania, the castle of Himara was liberated on August 31, 1481 and then the castle of Sopot.
The defeat of Sulejman Pasha's army in Albania greatly facilitated the anti-Ottoman military actions that took place in the Kingdom of Naples. On September 10, 1481, the army of Naples liberated the castle of Otranto and thus expelled the Ottomans from Italy.
After the victories of the Albanians during the month of August 1481 against the army of Sulejman Pasha, their military actions for the liberation of the cities and castles in Albania were expanded. Gjon II Kastriot's fighters turned to Kruja and launched attacks to liberate it. Although the Albanian army failed to take Kruja, because the castle of Kruja was very fortified and impregnable by force of arms, by the end of 1481 the Albanians liberated a considerable part of the Kastrioti possessions. Gjon II Kastrioti became known as the Prince of the liberated Albanian lands.
After the peace agreement of 1483 between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Naples, the Ottoman armies strengthened their activity for the reconquest of the Kastrioti possessions and other free Albanian territories. Although in January 1484, Gjon II Kastriot's fighters defeated an Ottoman army near the Erzen River, but the resistance and organized struggle of the Albanians temporarily began to weaken due to the great and unceasing pressure of the invading Ottoman forces. In the summer of 1484 the Ottomans reconquered the castle of Himara. The fall of the anti-Ottoman resistance forced Gjon II Kastrioti to leave Albania and settle again in the properties that the Kastriots had in Italy. The same thing was done by other Albanian rulers, who had emigrated and came to Albania in the early 1480s to lead the anti-Ottoman uprisings.
Family
Gjon II married Princess Jerina Branković, (also Irina or Irene), daughter of Serbian Despot Lazar Branković and Helena of Morea. They had the following issue:
▪Giorgio Castriota(died 1540),
▪Costantino Castriota (1477–1500), Bishop of Isernia
▪Ferdinand (d. 1561), 2nd Duke of San Pietro in Galatina and 2nd Count of Soleto, who married Adriana Acquaviva-d'Aragona of Nardò with whom he had one surviving legitimate daughter : Erina Castriota, who succeeded most of her fathers titles and properties, that would later be passed on to her husband. Erina married Pier Antonio Sanseverino, Prince of Bisignano. The couple had a daughter, Princess Vittoria Sanseverino, and a son, Prince Niccolò Sanseverino, who inherited his fathers titles. Other than Erina, Ferdinand had several male and female natural children, from whom descend the current members of the Castriota family. His sons, were:
Federico Castriota, Baron of GaglianoPardo CastriotaAchille CastriotaAlfonso CastriotaPaolo CastriotaGiovanni CastriotaFerrante Castriota
▪Maria Castriota (d. 1569), who married Carlo Minutolo and dedicated herself to art.
▪Alfonso Castriota (d. 1503) who, while visiting the spanish court with his paternal grandmother Lady Andronika in 1503, died suddenly aged only 15. He was buried with royal honours in Valencia, Spain. Some years later, in 1506, Alfonso would be joined by his grandmother who was buried in Valencia as well.
The Castriota descendants living in Italy today represent the only descendants of Manuel II Palaiologos, great-grandfather of Irina.
See also
References
Sources
15th-century Albanian people
Gjon II
Albanian Roman Catholics
Counts of Soleto
1514 deaths
1456 births |
Wang Dan ( 957 – 6 October 1017), courtesy name Ziming, was a major politician in the Song dynasty, serving as the grand councilor from 1006 until shortly before his death in 1017. Well trusted by Emperor Zhenzong, Wang Dan was given plenipotentiary authority over some matters after 1008.
Wang Dan is generally remembered as a faithful and virtuous official, mainly because he kept a low profile, recruited talented men to the bureaucracy while blocking his notoriously unscrupulous colleague Wang Qinruo from advancing for most of his tenure. But Wang Dan also flattered and encouraged Emperor Zhenzong's excessive and ridiculous Taoist pursuits, for which he expressed regret on his deathbed.
Early life
Wang Dan was born in 957 or January 958 during the Later Zhou, possibly in Wei County or Nanle County, where his father Wang You () served as a county magistrate during that period. His ancestral home was Shen County. When he was 3 years old, the Later Zhou was overthrown and replaced by the Song dynasty.
Wang Dan enjoyed studying from a young age. In 980 he passed the imperial examination with honors, and was assigned to govern Pingjiang County as a magistrate. The circuit fiscal commissioner () Zhao Changyan () was very impressed by his governing, and betrothed his daughter to Wang Dan. In 984, after completing his assignment in Pingjiang, Wang Jiang was assigned to manage the silver mine in the Tan Prefecture. Through the recommendation of Tan's prefect He Chengju (), Wang Dan was transferred to the capital Kaifeng's Palace Library, where he worked as an assistant editorial director (). He worked on the compilations Wenyuan Yinghua and Shi Lei (詩類; "Poems"). He was promoted to assistant director of palace administration ().
In 985, Wang Dan was assigned to Zheng Prefecture to serve as the controller-general (). Two years later he was transferred to Hao Prefecture. In 990, Wang Yucheng recommended him to become a circuit fiscal commissioner, but as Wang Dan preferred to work in the capital, he presented a paper and was assigned to work in the Historiography Institute. In 991, he became a drafter (), a post his father had filled just 10 years ago. He impressed many colleagues, and Li Hang () who graduated from the same examination class valued him highly. Qian Ruoshui () was convinced he could become a grand councilor.
Becoming a grand councilor
Zhao Guangyi (posthumously known as Emperor Taizong) died in May 997 and was succeeded by his son Zhao Heng (posthumously known as Emperor Zhenzong). Under the new monarch, Wang Dan was first made a drafter () in the Secretariat. A few months later, he became a Hanlin Academician while being put in charge of two offices: the Bureau of Personnel Evaluation () and the Memorial-Forwarding and Vetoing Office (). It was said the young emperor had rather favorable impressions of him. When Qian Ruoshui offered to retire, he was asked by the emperor to recommend someone in the central government bureaucracy for promotion. Qian Ruoshui answered that he found Wang Dan suitable for important roles because he had the requisite "virtues and reputations". The emperor replied, "This is exactly the person in my mind."
In March 1000, Wang Dan and two other Hanlin Academicians were put in charge of the imperial examination to recruit new scholar-officials. Emerging from 10 days of seclusion in the examination rooms, Wang Dan was immediately made a Supervising Secretary () in the Chancellery as well as an Administrator of the Bureau of Military Affairs. In April 1001, Wang Dan became the Vice-Director () of the Ministry of Works and Vice-Grand councilor (), which enabled him to participate in policy discussions in the Administration Chamber with the emperor.
As grand councilor
During Wang Dan's tenure, the civil service examination system saw some important institutionalized developments, including:
In 1007, the practice of protecting a candidate's anonymity was extended from the imperial examination in the capital to the departmental examinations in the provinces
In 1015, the Bureau of Examination Copyists () was established to copy examination papers to prevent candidates' handwriting from being recognized by examiners
Between 1007 and 1011, the official promotion system through controlled sponsorship was fully developed
Although Wang Dan's role in these changes is unclear, historian Edward Kracke argued that Wang Dan must be behind them, being not only an influential grand councilor, but also an experienced examiner.
Wang Dan also sponsored and recommended many talented men for promotion. At least 5 men he recommended became grand councilors: Kou Zhun (who had been grand councilor before), Li Di (), Wang Zeng (), Zhang Shixun (), and Lü Yijian ().
Notes and references
950s births
1017 deaths
Song dynasty government officials
Politicians from Liaocheng |
The Duchy of Westphalia () was a historic territory in the Holy Roman Empire, which existed from 1102 to 1803. It was located in the greater region of Westphalia, originally one of the three main regions in the German stem duchy of Saxony and today part of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The duchy was held by the archbishop-electors of Cologne until its secularization in 1803.
Geography
The duchy roughly comprised the territory of the present-day districts of Olpe and Hochsauerland, as well as the adjacent areas of the Soest district and Märkischer Kreis (Menden and Balve), from 1507 also the exclave of Volkmarsen (a former property of the Imperial Abbey of Corvey). The town of Soest was lost to the Duchy of Cleves-Mark after the Soest Feud in 1449.
The duchy bordered on the territory of the prince-bishops of Münster beyond the Lippe river in the north and on the Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn in the northeast; both ecclesiastical principalities also had emerged from the former Duchy of Saxony, while the Landgraviate of Hesse, the counties of Nassau and Waldeck in the southeast were part of the former stem duchy of Franconia. The Rhenish Duchy of Berg and the Westphalian County of Mark in the west remained an obstacle to a land connection with the Cologne territory on the Lower Rhine river.
The Westphalian duchy formed the largest part of the Cologne electorate. Apart from the fertile Hellweg Börde north of the Haar hill range, part of the Westphalian Lowland, the ducal lands primarily comprised mountainous and densely forested areas, with some significant metal deposits and brine springs. The Hellweg section connecting the towns of Werl, Erwitte and Geseke was part of an important trade route from Aachen to Goslar.
History
Formerly part of the Saxon stem duchy along with Angria and Eastphalia, the Westphalian lands were Christianized by the Cologne archbishops at the behest of the Frankish ruler Charlemagne upon his conquests in the Saxon Wars. First parishes were established east of the Rhenish estates around Soest, where the archbishops extended their episcopal territory. Numerous monastery foundations, like Grafschaft Abbey in 1072 by Anno II of Cologne, stabilized the ecclesiastical rule.
Creation of the duchy (1102–1180)
In the fierce Investiture Controversy, Archbishop Frederick I of Cologne in 1102 had occupied and seized half of the territory held by the Westphalian counts of Arnsberg, supporters of Emperor Henry IV. The other counties of the region could not resist the encroachment of the mighty Archbishopric, and soon after the counties of Werl, Rüthen and Volmarstein (near Wetter) followed. The former counts of Werl created a new county known as Werl-Arnsberg, and managed to keep their smaller and smaller territory independent of the Archbishops until they finally sold in 1368. After the rebellious Saxon duke Henry the Lion was defeated in 1180, Emperor Frederick Barbarossa presented the Archbishop of Cologne, Philip of Heinsberg with these territories and the southwest of the former Duchy of Saxony as the 'Duchy of Westphalia'.
Expansion (1180–1445)
Engelbert of Berg, archbishop of Cologne from 1220, began a campaign to force the nobility in Westphalia into submission and to extract from them the stewardship of the various scattered church lands. Engelbert managed to connect the lands of the duchy by annexing the territory from Hellweg to Diemel, and secured the south of the Sauerland at Attendorn in 1222. Further controversy of its expansion eventually leads to Engelbert's death at the hands of Frederick I of Isenberg in 1225. In 1260 by an agreement with the Dukes of Brunswick the Weser River became the official border of their spheres of influence. In 1277 the archbishops managed to defeat a large confederation of Westphalian and Lower Rhenish opponents, but further action in 1288 forced the archbishops to abandon intentions on much of the greater territory of Westphalia. The purchase and annexation of Werl-Arnsberg in 1368 united the territories of the north and south of the Sauerland.
Archbishop Frederick von Saarwerden began a hopeless campaign to maintain Colognian rights in Marck, and in 1392 was forced to abandon them. His successor, Dietrich II of Moers witnessed the last attempts by Cologne to gain rulership in Westphalia by attempting to break the powerful positions of Cleves and Marck. The financial burden placed upon the knights and cities of the Duchy of Westphalia led them into union in 1437. Cologne made peace with Cleves in 1441: this led Soest, the richest town of Westphalia, to refuse recognising Colognian supremacy in 1444 in the Soest Feud, that lasted until 1449. Soest had become a part of the Duchy of Cleves. Thereafter the town of Arnsberg became the administrative capital of Westphalia. Economically the loss of Soest had weakened the duchy. Especially as the surroundings of the town were very fertile and the grain was needed for the mountainous regions in the South. Peace with Marck was made in 1445 which witnessed territorial concessions from both sides.
Westphalia until the end of the Empire (1445–1806)
After the Soest Feud, the city of Soest remained part of the Duchy of Cleves. Starting from 1463, the league of knights and cities in Westphalia began a long and bitter struggle against the archbishops. During the reign of Archbishop Herman V of Wied (1515–1546), the Reformation arrived in Westphalia. Eventually the Reformation was suppressed, but during the reign of Archbishop Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg (1577–1583) the Reformation returned and he was forced to attend to Westphalia in 1582 where several knights and cities had adopted the new doctrine. The newly elected Archbishop Ernest of Bavaria (1583–1612) and his brother Ferdinand of Bavaria managed to regain the duchy for the archbishopric at the beginning of the Cologne War in 1583, and Protestantism survived only on the border region of Waldeck and Hesse. The Duchy of Westphalia was again confirmed as integral territory of the archbishopric in 1590.
Like most other territories of Germany, Westphalia suffered during the Thirty Years' War. In 1794 the archbishops relocated to Westphalia after the French had annexed the territories west of the Rhine River. In the secularisation of 1803 the Duchy of Westphalia became part of Hesse-Darmstadt.
After the Empire (1806–1815)
In 1807 the Kingdom of Westphalia was created although it did not include the Duchy and had its capital in Hesse at Kassel. In 1815 the Congress of Vienna awarded the Duchy of Westphalia to Prussia in exchange for important lands west of the Rhine, and the Duchy was incorporated into the Province of Westphalia the same year.
Sources
External links
Map of the Duchy of Westphalia in 1789
Duchies of the Holy Roman Empire
Former states and territories of North Rhine-Westphalia
Electorate of Cologne
Medieval Germany
Early Modern history of Germany
Sauerland
Duchy of Westphalia
States and territories established in 1180
States and territories disestablished in 1803
1180s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1180 establishments in Europe
1803 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
Former countries in Europe |
Bucellarii (the Latin plural of Bucellarius; literally "biscuit–eater", ) were formations of escort troops used in the Roman Empire in Late Antiquity. They were employed by high-ranking military figures (such as Flavius Aetius and Belisarius) or civil office-holders. Their name is derived from the type of bread rations eaten by these troops, so-called buccellatum. The term bucellarii came into common use during the reign of Emperor Honorius ().
According to Jon Coulston, one bucellarii regiment is attested in the Notitia Dignitatum. The creation of the bucellarii reflected an increase in the "use of armed retinues by public officials" in the Roman Empire. These armies were, therefore, associated with the decline of imperial authority because they demonstrated that it no longer had the monopoly of violence. The bucellarius had close ties with its commander, supporting him in his quarrel with other commanders and even against the Empire, court, and emperor. This is shown by the army of Heraclian, which was used in his attempt to seize Roman Italy from Emperor Honorius.
Coulston notes that the bucellarii provided the best cavalry in 5th and 6th century Roman armies, and were "recruited from Romans, Persians, Goths, and Huns, amongst others". The recruitment of soldiers of barbarian origin is well-documented as evidenced in the description of the army inherited by Constantius' widow Galla Placidia. The poet Claudian also described the bucellarii as an army of barbarians under the employ military figures, politicians, and warlords such as Stilicho, Aetius, and the praetorian prefect Rufinus.
The bucellarii generally received the highest salaries and were armed with the best equipment from the empire's factories. Some sources state that the bucellarii were mercenaries and describe their leaders as soldiers of fortune. This was particularly the case for the military companies that operated in Italy from the sixth to seventh centuries.
See also
Bucellarian Theme
Ka'ak
Explanatory notes
Citations
General and cited sources
Late Roman military units
Military units and formations of the Byzantine Empire
Types of cavalry unit in the army of ancient Rome |
Mangyt is a village in the Aravan District, Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 2,837 in 2021.
References
Populated places in Osh Region |
Closed-head injury is a type of traumatic brain injury in which the skull and dura mater remain intact. Closed-head injuries are the leading cause of death in children under 4 years old and the most common cause of physical disability and cognitive impairment in young people. Overall, closed-head injuries and other forms of mild traumatic brain injury account for about 75% of the estimated 1.7 million brain injuries that occur annually in the United States. Brain injuries such as closed-head injuries may result in lifelong physical, cognitive, or psychological impairment and, thus, are of utmost concern with regards to public health.
Symptoms
If symptoms of a head injury are seen after an accident, medical care is necessary to diagnose and treat the injury. Without medical attention, injuries can progress and cause further brain damage, disability, or death.
Common symptoms
Because the brain swelling that produces these symptoms is often a slow process, these symptoms may not surface for days to weeks after the injury.
Common symptoms of a closed-head injury include:
headache
dizziness
nausea
vomiting
slurred speech
Severe injury symptoms
Severe head injuries can lead to permanent vegetative states or death, therefore being able to recognize symptoms and get medical attention is very important. Symptoms of a severe closed-head injury include:
coma or vegetative states
seizures or convulsions
loss of consciousness
Secondary symptoms
Secondary symptoms are symptoms that surface during rehabilitation from the injury including social competence issues, depression, personality changes, cognitive disabilities, anxiety, and changes in sensory perception. More than 50% of patients who suffer from a traumatic brain injury will develop psychiatric disturbances. Although precise rates of anxiety after brain injury are unknown, a 30-year follow-up study of 60 patients found 8.3% of patients developed a panic disorder, 1.7% developed an anxiety disorder, and 8.3% developed a specific phobia. Patients recovering from a closed-head or traumatic brain injury often suffer from decreased self-esteem and depression. This effect is often attributed to difficulties re-entering society and frustration with the rehabilitation process. Patients who have suffered head injuries also show higher levels of unemployment, which can lead to the development of secondary symptoms.
Causes
Closed-head injuries are caused primarily by vehicular accidents, falls, acts of violence, and sports injuries. Falls account for 35.2% of brain injuries in the United States, with rates highest for children ages 0–4 years and adults ages 75 years and older. Head injuries are more common in men than women across every age group. Boys aged 0–4 years have the highest rates of brain injury related hospital visits, hospitalizations, and deaths combined. Multiple mild traumatic brain injuries sustained over a short period of time (hours to weeks), often seen with sports-related injuries, can result in major neurological or cognitive deficits or fatality.
Blast-related traumatic brain injuries are often closed-head injuries and result from rapid changes in atmospheric pressure, objects dislodged by the blast hitting people, or people being thrown into motion by the blast Blast-related injuries have shown a recent increase in occurrence with the return of veterans from Iraq such that traumatic brain injury has been coined the "signature injury" of Operation Iraqi Freedom
Closed-head injuries can range from mild injuries to debilitating traumatic brain injuries and can lead to severe brain damage or death. Common closed-head injuries include:
concussion – a head injury resulting in temporary dysfunction of normal brain function. Almost half of the total concussions reported each year are sports-related
intracranial hematoma – a condition in which a blood vessel ruptures causing a pool of blood to form around the brain (subdural hematoma) or between the brain and the skull (epidural hematoma). Intracranial hematoma causes an increase in pressure on the brain and requires immediate medical attention.
cerebral contusion – a bruise to the brain tissue as a result of trauma. Contusions are local in nature, separating them from concussions.
diffuse axonal injury – These injuries are frequently seen in car accidents and cause permanent damage to the brain. Severe diffuse axonal injuries often lead to comas or vegetative states.
Diagnosis
Classification
Glasgow Coma Scale
The Glasgow Coma Scale is commonly used to assess the severity of traumatic brain injuries, including closed-head injuries. The scale tests a patient's eye, verbal, and motor responses. The scale goes up to fifteen points; with fifteen being the most mild injury, less than eight being a severe brain injury, and three being a vegetative state.
ASCOT
The ASCOT probability of survival encapsulates several of the variables measured in the Glasgow Coma Scale but also includes systolic blood pressure, respiration rates upon admission, and anatomic injuries. The ASCOT was found to be the most sensitive tool for determining severity of head injuries in children and is effective in predicting the outcome of injury.
Mechanism based
A mechanism-based TBI classification system divides traumatic brain injuries (TBI) into closed and penetrating head trauma; based on the way in which the person was injured.
Treatments
There are several different types of treatment available to those who have suffered a closed-head injury. The treatment type chosen can depend on several factors including the type and severity of injury as well as the effects that injury has on the patient.
The course of treatment differs for each patient and can include several types of treatment, depending on the patient's specific needs.
Early treatment is vital to recovering lost motor function after an injury, but cognitive abilities can be recovered regardless of time past since injury.
Pharmacotherapy
Pharmacotherapy is the utilization of drugs to treat an illness. There are several different drugs that have been used to alleviate symptoms experienced after a head injury including anti-depressants such as amitriptyline and sertraline. Use of these drugs has been associated with a decrease in depression and increased functioning in social and work environments. An antidiuretic called Desmopressin Acetate (DDAVP) has also been shown to improve memory performance in patients
Recent studies have examined the preventative effects of progesterone on brain injuries. Phase III trials are currently being conducted at 17 medical centers across the United States. Preliminary results have shown a 50% reduction in mortality in those treated with progesterone and showed an improved functional outcome.
Overall, the efficacy of pharmacotherapeutic treatments is dependent on the treatment being used and the symptoms being targeted by the treatment.
Patient education
Patient education has been shown to be one of the most effective ways to decrease secondary symptoms seen with closed-head injuries. Patient education often includes working with a therapist to review symptom management and learn about returning to regular activities. Educational initiatives have also been shown to decrease the occurrence of PTSD in head-injury survivors.
Cognitive rehabilitation
Many patients with severe injuries need therapy to regain basic motor and cognitive skills. Cognitive rehabilitation aims to improve attention, memory function, and cognitive-processing speed. The type of rehabilitation used is tailored to the patient's clinical needs depending on the severity and type of injury sustained.
Other
Other types of rehabilitation focus on raising patient's self-esteem by giving him tasks that can be successfully completed despite any cognitive changes as a result of the brain injury. This process can help decrease secondary symptoms such as feelings of worthlessness, depression, and social anxiety. Some rehabilitation programs use team-building exercises and problem-solving activities to help the patients learn to work with their disabilities.
Prevention
Many closed-head injuries can be prevented by proper use of safety equipment during dangerous activities. Common safety features that can reduce the likelihood of experiencing a brain injury include helmets, hard hats, car seats, and safety belts. Another safety precaution that can decrease a person's risk for brain injury is not to drink and drive or allow oneself to be driven by a person who has been drinking or who is otherwise impaired.
Helmets can be used to decrease closed-head injuries acquired during athletic activities, and are considered necessary for sports such as American "tackle" football, where frequent head impacts are a normal part of the game. However, recent studies have questioned the effectiveness of even American football helmets, where the assumed protection of helmets promotes far more head impacts, a behavior known as risk compensation. The net result seems to have been an increase, not decrease, in injuries. The similar sports of Australian-rules football and rugby are always played helmetless, and see far fewer traumatic brain injuries. (See Australian rules football injuries.)
Bicycle helmets are perhaps the most promoted variety of helmet, based on the assumption that cycling without a helmet is a dangerous activity, with a large risk of serious brain injury. However, available data clearly shows that to be false. Cycling (with approximately 700 American fatalities per year from all medical causes) is a very minor source of fatal traumatic brain injury, whose American total is approximately 52,000 per year. Similarly, bicycling causes only 3% of America's non-fatal traumatic brain injury.
Still, bicycle-helmet promotion campaigns are common, and many U.S jurisdictions have enacted mandatory bicycle-helmet laws for children. A few such jurisdictions, a few Canadian provinces, plus Australia and New Zealand mandate bicycle helmets even for adults. A bicycle-helmet educational campaign directed toward children claimed an increase in helmet use from 5.5% to 40.2% leading to a claimed decrease in bicycle-related head injuries by nearly 67%. However, other sources have shown that bicycle-helmet promotion reduces cycling, often with no per-cyclist reduction in traumatic brain injury.
Estimates of bicycle-helmet use by American adults vary. One study found that only 25-30% of American adults wear helmets while riding bicycles, despite decades of promotion and despite sport cyclists' adoption of helmets as part of their uniform.
Following the commercial (as opposed to public-health) success of bicycle helmets, there have been successful attempts to promote the sale of ski helmets. Again, results have been less than impressive, with great increases in helmet use yielding no reduction in fatalities, and with most injury reduction confined to lacerations, contusions, and minor concussions, as opposed to more serious head injuries.
There have been rare campaigns for motoring helmets. Unfortunately, just as people greatly overestimate the traumatic brain injury danger of bicycling, they greatly underestimate the risk of motoring, which remains the largest source of traumatic brain injury in the developed world, despite the protective effects of seatbelts and airbags.
See also
Cerebral contusion
Concussion
Diffuse axonal injury
Intracranial hemorrhage
Traumatic brain injury
References
Neurotrauma |
```sqlpl
SELECT arrayJoin([0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,2,2,3,4,12,NULL]) AS x ORDER BY x;
SELECT arrayJoin([0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,2,2,3,4,12,NULL]) AS x ORDER BY x DESC;
SET max_block_size = 1000;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x DESC;
SET max_block_size = 5;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x DESC;
SET max_block_size = 1000;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x, number AS y FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x, y;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x, number AS y FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x DESC, y;
SET max_block_size = 5;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x, number AS y FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x, y;
SELECT nullIf(number, number % 3 = 0 ? number : 0) AS x, number AS y FROM (SELECT * FROM system.numbers LIMIT 10) ORDER BY x DESC, y;
SELECT x FROM (SELECT toNullable(number) AS x FROM system.numbers LIMIT 3) ORDER BY x DESC LIMIT 10
``` |
The Injured Lovers; Or, The Ambitious Father is a 1688 tragedy by the English writer William Mountfort. It was premiered by the United Company at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.
The original cast included Thomas Betterton as Rheusanes, Joseph Williams as King of Sicily, Philip Griffin as Ghinotto, William Mountfort as Dorenalus, Samuel Sandford as Old Colonel, Cave Underhill as Soldier, Thomas Jevon as Soldier, Elizabeth Barry as Princess Oryala and Anne Bracegirdle as Antelina.
References
Bibliography
Van Lennep, W. The London Stage, 1660-1800: Volume One, 1660-1700. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960.
1688 plays
West End plays
Tragedy plays
Plays by William Mountfort |
Beiqi may refer to:
Northern Qi (550–577; 北齊/北齐 Běi Qí), a dynasty in North China during the Northern and Southern Dynasties period
BAIC Group (北汽 Běiqì), Chinese automobile and machine manufacturers, abbreviated as Beiqi in Chinese
Foton Motor, also known as Beiqi Foton Motor, a subsidiary of BAIC Group
Astragalus membranaceus (北芪 běiqí), used in traditional Chinese medicine |
Mkasi (Swahili for scissors) is a Tanzanian television talk show.
Format
The show takes place at the Amaya Beauty Salon and Spa and in the show Salama Jabir and his friends gets to sit down with celebrities and interview them
Episodes
Season 1
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5
Season 6
Season 6 New
Season 7
Season 8
Season 9
Season 10
Season 11
Awards and nominations
Tanzania People's Choice Awards
|-
|2014
|Mkasi
|Favorite TV show
|
|-
|2015
|Mkasi
|Favorite TV show
|
|-
|}
References
External links
Online episodes
Tanzanian television series
Tanzanian television talk shows
2011 television series debuts |
Dan Lord is a composer, author, and cartoonist best known as the lead singer and songwriter of the U.S. rock band Pain (1994-2000) and lead singer and co-songwriter of the new lineup Salvo since 2019.
Personal life
Dan Lord attended high school at McGill–Toolen Catholic High School. In 1994 in Tuscaloosa, he, Adam Guthrie, and Mark Milewicz formed the band Pain which was active throughout the 1990s with the band releasing several albums and performing nationally on tour.
In 2000, while the band was talking with interested record labels, Lord shut down Pain to pursue his religious calling. Lord received his Master of Theology from University of Dallas, married, became an author, and , lived in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina and taught at Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist in nearby Charleston. In a 2019 interview, he mentioned the abrupt dissolution of Pain and the subsequent effects on band members' lives as a still sensitive subject among the previous band's members.
During this period, he authored a fantasy/thriller trilogy, the individual titles of which are By the Downward Way (2014), From A Dark Wayover (2016), and A Fantastic Confluence (2017). Lord also wrote the Catholic theological work, Choosing Joy for the Catholic publisher "Our Sunday Visitor", which asked him to author a book on Choosing Joy.
In 2019, he and the former members of Pain reformed the band under the new lineup "Salvo" which then released the album Off the Charts on the same year.
References
American Roman Catholic religious writers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Charalambos "Bambos" Charalambous (born 2 December 1967) is a British politician serving as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Enfield Southgate since 2017. He served as Shadow Minister for the Middle East and North Africa from 2021 to 2023, when he was suspended as a Labour Party MP after a complaint about his conduct.
Early life
Charalambous was raised in Bowes Park in north London. His parents come from Kalo Chorio and Fasoulla, both near Limassol, in Cyprus. He was educated at Tottenhall Infants' School, St Michael-at-Bowes Junior School (where he has been a school governor), Chace Boys' Comprehensive School, followed by Tottenham College and then Liverpool Polytechnic (now Liverpool John Moores University). He read for a law degree and was elected as vice president of the Students' Union in 1990.
Career
Charalambous is a solicitor. Before and until his election as MP, he worked for Hackney Council in their housing litigation team.
Charalambous served as a member of Enfield Council for the Palmers Green ward for 24 years. He also served as an Associate Cabinet Member for Leisure, Culture, Localism and Young People.
Parliamentary career
Charalambous was the Labour candidate for Epping Forest in 2005, losing to the Conservative incumbent Eleanor Laing. He later contended Enfield Southgate in 2010 and 2015, before being elected in 2017, unseating David Burrowes who had served as the MP for that constituency since 2005.
Charalambous served on the Justice Select Committee. He also served as a member of the All-Party Parliamentary Groups on London, Cyprus, Crossrail Two, Autism, Sex Equality, Music, Global Education For All and London's Planning and Built Environment.
In January 2018, he was appointed Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to Rebecca Long-Bailey, Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. In December 2018, he was appointed as an Opposition (Labour) Whip. Charalambous was appointed as a Shadow Minister for Justice in January 2020.
Following Keir Starmer's election as Labour leader in April 2020, he joined the shadow Home Office team as the Shadow Minister for Crime Reduction and Courts. Charalambous swapped roles with Holly Lynch in a minor reshuffle in May 2021, becoming the Shadow Minister for Immigration.
In June 2023, he was suspended as a Labour MP following an allegation "that requires investigation by the Labour Party."
References
External links
1967 births
Living people
Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
People from Enfield, London
UK MPs 2017–2019
UK MPs 2019–present
English people of Greek Cypriot descent
English solicitors
People educated at Chace Community School
Alumni of Liverpool John Moores University
Alumni of The College of Haringey, Enfield and North East London
Councillors in the London Borough of Enfield
Labour Party (UK) councillors
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies |
Einar Westye Egeberg Sr. (23 July 1851 – 7 June 1940) was a Norwegian businessperson and politician for the Conservative Party.
Personal life
He was born in Kristiania as a son of Peder Cappelen Egeberg (1810–1874) and Hanna Wilhelmine Scheel. He was a brother of Ferdinand Julian Egeberg, first cousin of physician Theodor Christian Egeberg, a grandson of Westye Egeberg and a nephew of Westye Martinus Egeberg, surgeon Christian Egeberg and composer Fredrikke Egeberg. Through his brother he was an uncle of Westye Parr Egeberg, and through a sister he was a granduncle of Ferdinand Finne.
In September 1877 in Østre Aker he married Birgitte Halvordine Schou, a daughter of Halvor Schou. His own daughter Hermine Egeberg was married to Lord Chamberlain Peder Anker Wedel Jarlsberg. In turn, a daughter of theirs married diplomat Peter Martin Anker.
Career
He is best known as the co-owner of the family company Westye Egeberg & Co, founded by his grandfather. He was hired in the company in 1867, and in 1874 he took over the company from his father together with his brother Ferdinand. He acquired burghership in Kristiania in 1882.
He was a member of the executive committee of Kristiania city council from 1891 to 1894. He was a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway during the term 1892–1894, representing the urban constituency Kristiania, Hønefoss og Kongsvinger. He was also a board member of Kristiania Port Authority, and chaired Christiania Handelsstands Forening from 1904 to 1908. In 1905 he was declared a lifetime member of the International Law Association. He was also behind the construction (1899–1901) of the Egeberg Castle, which he sold after his wife's death.
References
1851 births
1940 deaths
Norwegian businesspeople
Conservative Party (Norway) politicians
Politicians from Oslo
Deputy members of the Storting |
Berlin Plus may refer to:
The Berlin Plus agreement, a short title given to an agreement between the EU and NATO.
The Berlin Plus package, a group of eight points to be implemented in the Transnistria conflict resolution process. |
Charles Henry Buckius Demuth (November 8, 1883 – October 23, 1935) was an American painter who specialized in watercolors and turned to oils late in his career, developing a style of painting known as Precisionism.
"Search the history of American art," wrote Ken Johnson in The New York Times, "and you will discover few watercolors more beautiful than those of Charles Demuth. Combining exacting botanical observation and loosely Cubist abstraction, his watercolors of flowers, fruit and vegetables have a magical liveliness and an almost shocking sensuousness."
Demuth was a lifelong resident of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The home he shared with his mother is now the Demuth Museum, which showcases his work. He graduated from Franklin & Marshall Academy before studying at Drexel University and at Philadelphia's Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. While he was a student at PAFA, he participated in a show at the academy, and also met William Carlos Williams at his boarding house. The two were fast friends and remained close for the rest of their lives.
He later studied at Académie Colarossi and Académie Julian in Paris, where he became a part of the avant garde art scene. The Parisian artistic community was accepting of Demuth's homosexuality. After his return to America, Demuth retained aspects of Cubism in many of his works.
Early life
Charles Demuth was born on 8 November 1883 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. In 1889, when Demuth was 6 years old, his family moved to an 18th-century house at 120 East King Street. In the colonial period, the house had been a tavern. Demuth's Tobacco Shop, owned and run by his family since 1770, was next door. Demuth lived at the King Street house with his mother, Augusta for the rest of his life. He maintained a small studio on the second floor.
Throughout his career, Demuth remained deeply attached to Lancaster. The city's modest commercial and civic architecture was the subject of hundreds of his watercolors and paintings. His depictions of warehouses, factories and row houses imbue these ordinary structures (sometimes ironically) with a grandeur and glamor normally associated with cathedrals, palaces and temples. For example, his image of two Lancaster grain silos, titled My Egypt (1927), invites the viewer to compare the massive volumetric forms to pharaonic monuments like the pyramids. In 1907 he painted his first self-portrait in oil. Demuth attended Franklin and Marshall College and later pursued graduate study in art in Philadelphia.
Demuth either suffered an injury when he was four years old, or may have had polio or tuberculosis of the hip, leaving him with a marked limp and requiring him to use a cane. He later developed diabetes and was one of the first people in the United States to receive insulin. Demuth pronounced his surname with emphasis upon the first syllable, earning him the nickname "Deem" among close friends. From 1909 onward, Demuth maintained a romantic relationship with Robert Evans Locher, an Art Deco interior decorator and stage designer.
Career
While he was in Paris he met Marsden Hartley by walking up to a table of American artists and asking if he could join them. He had a great sense of humor, rich in double entendres, and they asked him to be a regular member of their group. Through Hartley, he met Alfred Stieglitz and became a member of the Stieglitz group. In 1926, he had a one-man show at the Anderson Galleries and another at Intimate Gallery, the New York gallery run by Stieglitz. Demuth was introduced to modernism during trips to Europe between 1907 and 1921. On frequent trips to New York City, he encountered avant-garde styles and ideas, most notably Cubism, the influence of which is reflected in many of his works.
His most famous painting, I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold, was inspired by his friend William Carlos Williams's poem "The Great Figure". Roberta Smith described the work in The New York Times: "Demuth's famous visionary accounting of Williams, I Saw the Figure Five in Gold, [is] a painting whose title and medallion-like arrangement of angled forms were both inspired by a verse the poet wrote after watching a fire engine streak past him on a rainy Manhattan street while waiting for Marsden Hartley, whose studio he was visiting, to answer his door." Describing its importance, Judith H. Dobrzynski in The Wall Street Journal wrote: "It's the best work in a genre Demuth created, the 'poster portrait'. It's a witty homage to his close friend, the poet William Carlos Williams, and a transliteration into paint of his poem, 'The Great Figure'. It's a decidedly American work made at a time when U.S. artists were just moving beyond European influences. It's a reference to the intertwined relationships among the arts in the 1920s, a moment of cross-pollination that led to American Modernism. And it anticipates pop art."
The work is one of 10 poster portraits Demuth intended to create to honor his creative friends. The six completed ones were in homage to Williams plus Georgia O'Keeffe, Arthur Dove, Charles Duncan, John Marin and Bert Savoy. The others were planned for Marsden Hartley, Gertrude Stein, Eugene O'Neill and Wallace Stevens. Painted during a period of recovery from illness, these paintings portray their respective painters and writers and performers through referential objects and language, as opposed to literal depictions. These works proved to be a challenge for critics. One reviewer described the works as having been made in “a code for which we have not the key.”
Demuth, along with Georgia O'Keeffe and Charles Sheeler, was a major contributor to the Precisionist art movement, which began to evolve in America around 1915. Demuth's works often depicted a specific range of forms in a quasi-Cubist, sharply defined manner, a characteristic of Precisionism. Frequently occurring scenes within Demuth's works are urban and rural landscapes, often consisting of industrial features such as bridges, smoke stacks, and skyscrapers. Demuth's "Aucassin and Nicolette," which can be viewed below, is an exemplary work of Precisionist art. Notable features include the highly structured scene lacking figures, depiction of an industrial setting, and sharp linearity created by geometric figures with no hint of abstraction. Demuth's works of this nature have been perceived as ironic and pessimistic in light of their subject matter.
Demuth began a series of paintings in 1919, inspired by the architecture of Lancaster. In creating these works, Demuth opted not to use watercolors, instead created the works in oil and tempera. Additionally, these works are larger than many of his others. They possess a balance between realism and abstraction. In 1927, Demuth started a series of seven panel paintings depicting factory buildings in his hometown. He finished the last of the seven, After All in 1933. Six of the paintings were highlighted in Chimneys and Towers: Charles Demuth’s Late Paintings of Lancaster, a 2007 Amon Carter Museum retrospective of his work, displayed in 2008 at the Whitney Museum of American Art. According to the exhibit notes from the Amon Carter show, Demuth's will left many of his paintings to Georgia O'Keeffe. Her strategic decisions regarding which museums received these works cemented his reputation as a major painter of the Precisionist school.
Later years and death
Demuth, a gay artist, was a regular patron at the Lafayette Baths. His sexual exploits there are the subject of watercolors, including his 1918 homoerotic self-portrait set in a Turkish bathhouse.
Demuth spent most of his life in frail health. By 1920, the effects of diabetes had begun to severely drain Demuth of artistic energy. He died at his residence in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania at the age 51 of complications from diabetes. He is buried at the Lancaster Cemetery.
Selected works
References
Further reading
Eiseman, A.L. (1982). Charles Demuth. New York: Watson-Guptill Publications.
Fahlman, B. (1983). Pennsylvania modern: Charles Demuth of Lancaster. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Fahlman, B. (2007). Chimneys and towers: Charles Demuth's late paintings of Lancaster. Fort Worth, TX: Amon Carter Museum.
Farnham, E. (1971). Charles Demuth; behind a laughing mask. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Frank, R.J. (1994). Charles Demuth poster portraits, 1923–1929. New Haven: Yale University Art Gallery.
Harnsberger, R.S. (1992). Ten precisionist artists: annotated bibliographies [Art Reference Collection no. 14]. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Haskell, B. (1987). Charles Demuth. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art.
Kellner, B., ed. (2000). Letters of Charles Demuth, American artist, 1883–1935. Philadelphia, Temple University Press.
Lampe, A.M. (2007). Demuth: out of the chateau: works from the Demuth Museum. Lancaster, PA: Demuth Museum.
Weinberg, J. (1993). Speaking for vice: homosexuality in the art of Charles Demuth, Marsden Hartley, and the first American avante-garde. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Archival sources
Emily Farnham papers relating to Charles Demuth, 1955–1958 (0.42 linear feet) are housed at the Sterling Memorial Library at Yale University.
Charles Demuth papers, circa 1890–1936 (98 items on microfilm) are housed at the Archive of American Art of the Smithsonian Institution.
Ferdinand Howald papers, 1918–1973 (86 items on microfilm) are housed at the Archive of American Art of the Smithsonian Institution.
External links
Demuth.org: The Demuth Museum website — established to preserve and promote the art of Charles Demuth
Demuth.org: "About the Artist: Charles Demuth"
Charles Demuth
American Expressionist painters
American watercolorists
Landscape painters
Modern painters
Precisionism
1883 births
1935 deaths
American gay artists
LGBT people from Pennsylvania
Painters from Pennsylvania
American Figurative Expressionism
Académie Colarossi alumni
Académie Julian alumni
Culture of Lancaster, Pennsylvania
History of Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Deaths from diabetes
Artists from Lancaster, Pennsylvania
20th-century American painters
American male painters
20th-century American male artists
20th-century American LGBT people
19th-century American LGBT people |
Bioussac () is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Charente department
References
Communes of Charente |
Rubus vigil is rare North American species of brambles in the rose family. It has been found only in the states of Virginia and North Carolina in the eastern United States.
The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy.
References
vigil
Plants described in 1925
Flora of Virginia
Flora of North Carolina |
Xhevdet Shaqiri (5 January 1923 – 11 September 1997) was an Albanian football player and coach.
Playing career
Club
He played for Vllaznia Shkodër, Partizani Tirana and Dinamo Tirana during his playing career and won 9 league titles with them. He became the league's top goalscorer in 1946 with 11 goals.
International
He made his debut for Albania in a September 1947 Balkan Cup match against Yugoslavia and earned a total of 14 caps, scoring no goals. His final international was a September 1957 friendly match against China.
Managerial career
After retiring as a player, he coached Dinamo Tirana, KS Lushnja and most notably hometown club Vllaznia for 13 years between 1966 and 1979.
Honours
as a player
Albanian Superliga: 9
1946, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956
as a manager
Albanian Superliga: 3
1972, 1974, 1978
References
1923 births
1997 deaths
Footballers from Shkodër
Albanian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Albania men's international footballers
KF Vllaznia Shkodër players
FK Partizani Tirana players
FC Dinamo City players
Kategoria Superiore players
Albanian football managers
FC Dinamo City managers
KF Lushnja managers
KF Vllaznia Shkodër managers
Kategoria Superiore managers |
Eulimella penedesensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
References
External links
To Encyclopedia of Life
To World Register of Marine Species
penedesensis
Gastropods described in 2003 |
```makefile
# Makefile generated by XPJ for android16
-include Makefile.custom
ProjectName = APEX_Legacy
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/CachedOverlaps_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/CachedOverlaps_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorChunks_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p10.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p11.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p12.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p13.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p14.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p15.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p16.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p17.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p18.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p19.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p20.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p21.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p22.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p23.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p24.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p25.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p26.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p27.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p28.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p29.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p30.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p31.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p32.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p6.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p7.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p8.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorParam_0p9.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorState_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorState_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorState_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorState_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleActorState_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetCollisionDataSet_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p10.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p11.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p12.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p13.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p14.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p15.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p16.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p17.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p18.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p19.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p20.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p21.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p22.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p23.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p24.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p25.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p26.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p6.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p7.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p8.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleAssetParameters_0p9.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleDebugRenderParams_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleModuleParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleModuleParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleModuleParameters_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructibleModuleParameters_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/DestructiblePreviewParam_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/MeshCookedCollisionStreamsAtScale_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/MeshCookedCollisionStream_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/ModuleDestructibleLegacy.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/SurfaceTraceParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/SurfaceTraceSetParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/SurfaceTraceSetParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/src/autogen/SurfaceTraceSetParameters_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferF32x1_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferF32x2_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferF32x3_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferF32x4_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferF32x4_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU16x1_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU16x2_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU16x3_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU16x4_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU32x1_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU32x2_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU32x3_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU32x4_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU8x1_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU8x2_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU8x3_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/BufferU8x4_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/ModuleFrameworkLegacy.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/RenderMeshAssetParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/SubmeshParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/SubmeshParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/SurfaceBufferParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/VertexBufferParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/VertexBufferParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/framework_legacy/src/autogen/VertexFormatParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p10.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p11.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p12.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p13.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p14.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p15.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p16.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p17.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p18.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p6.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p7.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p8.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingActorParam_0p9.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p10.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p11.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p12.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p13.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p14.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p6.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p7.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p8.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingAssetParameters_0p9.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedParam_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedParam_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedParam_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedParam_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedPhysX3Param_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedPhysX3Param_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedPhysX3Param_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedPhysX3Param_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedPhysX3Param_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingCookedPhysX3Param_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingDebugRenderParams_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingGraphicalLodParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingGraphicalLodParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingGraphicalLodParameters_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingGraphicalLodParameters_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingGraphicalLodParameters_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingGraphicalLodParameters_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p10.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p11.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p12.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p13.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p14.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p6.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p7.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p8.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingMaterialLibraryParameters_0p9.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingModuleParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p10.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p11.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p2.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p3.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p4.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p5.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p6.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p7.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p8.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPhysicalMeshParameters_0p9.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ClothingPreviewParam_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/src/autogen/ModuleClothingLegacy.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/common_legacy/src/autogen/ConvexHullParameters_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/common_legacy/src/autogen/ConvexHullParameters_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/common_legacy/src/autogen/DebugColorParams_0p0.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/common_legacy/src/autogen/DebugRenderParams_0p1.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/common_legacy/src/autogen/ModuleCommonLegacy.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cppfiles += ./../../module/legacy/src/ModuleLegacy.cpp
APEX_Legacy_cpp_debug_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_cc_debug_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.debug.P, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_c_debug_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_debug_dep = $(APEX_Legacy_cpp_debug_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_cc_debug_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_c_debug_dep)
-include $(APEX_Legacy_debug_dep)
APEX_Legacy_cpp_release_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_cc_release_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.release.P, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_c_release_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_release_dep = $(APEX_Legacy_cpp_release_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_cc_release_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_c_release_dep)
-include $(APEX_Legacy_release_dep)
APEX_Legacy_cpp_profile_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_cc_profile_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.profile.P, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_c_profile_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_profile_dep = $(APEX_Legacy_cpp_profile_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_cc_profile_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_c_profile_dep)
-include $(APEX_Legacy_profile_dep)
APEX_Legacy_cpp_checked_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/checked/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_cc_checked_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.checked.P, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_c_checked_dep = $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/checked/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.P, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_checked_dep = $(APEX_Legacy_cpp_checked_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_cc_checked_dep) $(APEX_Legacy_c_checked_dep)
-include $(APEX_Legacy_checked_dep)
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/libs/$(STL_ABI)/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/filebuf
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/foundation
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/task
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/cudamanager
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/pvd
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/foundation/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/filebuf/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/fastxml/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/pvd/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../public
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/common
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/cooking
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/extensions
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/geometry
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/gpu
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/deformable
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/particles
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterkinematic
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterdynamic
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/vehicle
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/GeomUtils/headers
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/PhysXGpu/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/RenderDebug/public
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared/inparser/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../common/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../common/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../common/include/android
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../shared/internal/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/common/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../common/include/linux
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../framework/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../framework/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include
APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_debug_lpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_debug_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/makeandroid16
APEX_Legacy_debug_lpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_debug_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_debug_lpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_defines)
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += ANDROID
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += GLES2
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5__
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5T__
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5E__
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5TE__
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += PX_PHYSX_STATIC_LIB
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS=1
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += _DEBUG
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += PX_DEBUG
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += PX_CHECKED
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += PX_PROFILE
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += PX_SUPPORT_VISUAL_DEBUGGER
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += PHYSX_PROFILE_SDK
APEX_Legacy_debug_defines += PX_NVTX=1
APEX_Legacy_debug_libraries :=
APEX_Legacy_debug_libraries += PxFoundationDEBUG
APEX_Legacy_debug_libraries += NvParameterizedDEBUG
APEX_Legacy_debug_libraries += PxTaskDEBUG
APEX_Legacy_debug_libraries += PhysX3CommonDEBUG
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += $(addprefix -D, $(APEX_Legacy_debug_defines))
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += $(addprefix -I, $(APEX_Legacy_debug_hpaths))
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon -O3 -fpic -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=0 -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -ffast-math -fno-strict-aliasing
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -fomit-frame-pointer -funswitch-loops -finline-limit=300
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -Werror -Wall -Wextra
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -Wno-invalid-offsetof -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wno-psabi -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-local-typedefs
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -Wno-missing-braces -Wno-reorder -Wno-maybe-uninitialized
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -isysroot $(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -mfloat-abi=softfp
APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags += -O0 -g3 -gdwarf-2
APEX_Legacy_debug_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_debug_cppflags := $(APEX_Legacy_debug_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_debug_lflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_lflags)
APEX_Legacy_debug_lflags += $(addprefix -L, $(APEX_Legacy_debug_lpaths))
APEX_Legacy_debug_lflags += -Wl,--start-group $(addprefix -l, $(APEX_Legacy_debug_libraries)) -Wl,--end-group
APEX_Legacy_debug_lflags += --sysroot=$(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir = $(OBJS_DIR)/APEX_Legacy_debug
APEX_Legacy_debug_cpp_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_debug_cc_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.o, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_debug_c_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_debug_obj = $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cpp_o) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cc_o) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_c_o)
APEX_Legacy_debug_bin := ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_LegacyDEBUG.a
clean_APEX_Legacy_debug:
@$(ECHO) clean APEX_Legacy debug
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir)
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_bin)
@$(RMDIR) $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug
build_APEX_Legacy_debug: postbuild_APEX_Legacy_debug
postbuild_APEX_Legacy_debug: mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_debug
mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_debug: prebuild_APEX_Legacy_debug $(APEX_Legacy_debug_bin)
prebuild_APEX_Legacy_debug:
$(APEX_Legacy_debug_bin): $(NvParameterized_debug_obj) $(PxTask_debug_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_obj) build_PxFoundation_debug build_NvParameterized_debug build_PxTask_debug
mkdir -p `dirname ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_LegacyDEBUG.a`
@$(AR) rcs $(APEX_Legacy_debug_bin) $(NvParameterized_debug_obj) $(PxTask_debug_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_obj)
$(ECHO) building $@ complete!
APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR = $(dir $(@))/$(*F)
$(APEX_Legacy_debug_cpp_o): $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling debug $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CXX) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cppflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)) -o $@
@mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))))
$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))).P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))).P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d
$(APEX_Legacy_debug_cc_o): $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling debug $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CXX) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cppflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)) -o $@
mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))))
$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))).debug.P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))).debug.P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d
$(APEX_Legacy_debug_c_o): $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling debug $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CC) $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)) -o $@
@mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))))
$(CC_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_debug_cflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))).P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/debug/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_debug_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))).P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_debug_DEPDIR).d
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/libs/$(STL_ABI)/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/filebuf
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/foundation
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/task
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/cudamanager
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/pvd
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/foundation/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/filebuf/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/fastxml/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/pvd/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../public
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/common
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/cooking
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/extensions
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/geometry
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/gpu
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/deformable
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/particles
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterkinematic
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterdynamic
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/vehicle
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/GeomUtils/headers
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/PhysXGpu/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/RenderDebug/public
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared/inparser/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../common/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../common/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../common/include/android
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../shared/internal/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/common/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../common/include/linux
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../framework/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../framework/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include
APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_release_lpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_release_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/makeandroid16
APEX_Legacy_release_lpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_release_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_release_lpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_release_defines := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_defines)
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += ANDROID
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += GLES2
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5__
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5T__
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5E__
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5TE__
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += PX_PHYSX_STATIC_LIB
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS=1
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += NDEBUG
APEX_Legacy_release_defines += APEX_SHIPPING
APEX_Legacy_release_libraries :=
APEX_Legacy_release_libraries += PxFoundation
APEX_Legacy_release_libraries += NvParameterized
APEX_Legacy_release_libraries += PxTask
APEX_Legacy_release_libraries += PhysX3Common
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += $(addprefix -D, $(APEX_Legacy_release_defines))
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += $(addprefix -I, $(APEX_Legacy_release_hpaths))
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon -O3 -fpic -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=0 -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -ffast-math -fno-strict-aliasing
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -fomit-frame-pointer -funswitch-loops -finline-limit=300
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -Werror -Wall -Wextra
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -Wno-invalid-offsetof -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wno-psabi -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-local-typedefs
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -Wno-missing-braces -Wno-reorder -Wno-maybe-uninitialized
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -isysroot $(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags += -mfloat-abi=softfp
APEX_Legacy_release_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_release_cppflags := $(APEX_Legacy_release_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_release_lflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_lflags)
APEX_Legacy_release_lflags += $(addprefix -L, $(APEX_Legacy_release_lpaths))
APEX_Legacy_release_lflags += -Wl,--start-group $(addprefix -l, $(APEX_Legacy_release_libraries)) -Wl,--end-group
APEX_Legacy_release_lflags += --sysroot=$(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir = $(OBJS_DIR)/APEX_Legacy_release
APEX_Legacy_release_cpp_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_release_cc_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.o, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_release_c_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_release_obj = $(APEX_Legacy_release_cpp_o) $(APEX_Legacy_release_cc_o) $(APEX_Legacy_release_c_o)
APEX_Legacy_release_bin := ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_Legacy.a
clean_APEX_Legacy_release:
@$(ECHO) clean APEX_Legacy release
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir)
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_release_bin)
@$(RMDIR) $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release
build_APEX_Legacy_release: postbuild_APEX_Legacy_release
postbuild_APEX_Legacy_release: mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_release
mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_release: prebuild_APEX_Legacy_release $(APEX_Legacy_release_bin)
prebuild_APEX_Legacy_release:
$(APEX_Legacy_release_bin): $(NvParameterized_release_obj) $(PxTask_release_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_release_obj) build_PxFoundation_release build_NvParameterized_release build_PxTask_release
mkdir -p `dirname ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_Legacy.a`
@$(AR) rcs $(APEX_Legacy_release_bin) $(NvParameterized_release_obj) $(PxTask_release_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_release_obj)
$(ECHO) building $@ complete!
APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR = $(dir $(@))/$(*F)
$(APEX_Legacy_release_cpp_o): $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling release $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CXX) $(APEX_Legacy_release_cppflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)) -o $@
@mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))))
$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_release_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))).P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))).P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d
$(APEX_Legacy_release_cc_o): $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling release $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CXX) $(APEX_Legacy_release_cppflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)) -o $@
mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))))
$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_release_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))).release.P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))).release.P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d
$(APEX_Legacy_release_c_o): $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling release $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CC) $(APEX_Legacy_release_cflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)) -o $@
@mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))))
$(CC_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_release_cflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))).P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/release/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_release_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))).P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_release_DEPDIR).d
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/libs/$(STL_ABI)/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/filebuf
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/foundation
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/task
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/cudamanager
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/pvd
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/foundation/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/filebuf/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/fastxml/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/pvd/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../public
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/common
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/cooking
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/extensions
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/geometry
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/gpu
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/deformable
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/particles
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterkinematic
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterdynamic
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/vehicle
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/GeomUtils/headers
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/PhysXGpu/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/RenderDebug/public
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared/inparser/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../common/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../common/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../common/include/android
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../shared/internal/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/common/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../common/include/linux
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../framework/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../framework/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include
APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_profile_lpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_profile_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/makeandroid16
APEX_Legacy_profile_lpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_profile_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_profile_lpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_defines)
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += ANDROID
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += GLES2
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5__
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5T__
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5E__
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5TE__
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += PX_PHYSX_STATIC_LIB
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS=1
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += NDEBUG
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += PX_PROFILE
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += PHYSX_PROFILE_SDK
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += PX_SUPPORT_VISUAL_DEBUGGER
APEX_Legacy_profile_defines += PX_NVTX=1
APEX_Legacy_profile_libraries :=
APEX_Legacy_profile_libraries += PxFoundationPROFILE
APEX_Legacy_profile_libraries += NvParameterizedPROFILE
APEX_Legacy_profile_libraries += PxTaskPROFILE
APEX_Legacy_profile_libraries += PhysX3CommonPROFILE
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += $(addprefix -D, $(APEX_Legacy_profile_defines))
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += $(addprefix -I, $(APEX_Legacy_profile_hpaths))
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon -O3 -fpic -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=0 -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -ffast-math -fno-strict-aliasing
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -fomit-frame-pointer -funswitch-loops -finline-limit=300
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -Werror -Wall -Wextra
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -Wno-invalid-offsetof -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wno-psabi -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-local-typedefs
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -Wno-missing-braces -Wno-reorder -Wno-maybe-uninitialized
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -isysroot $(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags += -mfloat-abi=softfp
APEX_Legacy_profile_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_profile_cppflags := $(APEX_Legacy_profile_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_profile_lflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_lflags)
APEX_Legacy_profile_lflags += $(addprefix -L, $(APEX_Legacy_profile_lpaths))
APEX_Legacy_profile_lflags += -Wl,--start-group $(addprefix -l, $(APEX_Legacy_profile_libraries)) -Wl,--end-group
APEX_Legacy_profile_lflags += --sysroot=$(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir = $(OBJS_DIR)/APEX_Legacy_profile
APEX_Legacy_profile_cpp_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_profile_cc_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.o, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_profile_c_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_profile_obj = $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cpp_o) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cc_o) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_c_o)
APEX_Legacy_profile_bin := ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_LegacyPROFILE.a
clean_APEX_Legacy_profile:
@$(ECHO) clean APEX_Legacy profile
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir)
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_bin)
@$(RMDIR) $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile
build_APEX_Legacy_profile: postbuild_APEX_Legacy_profile
postbuild_APEX_Legacy_profile: mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_profile
mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_profile: prebuild_APEX_Legacy_profile $(APEX_Legacy_profile_bin)
prebuild_APEX_Legacy_profile:
$(APEX_Legacy_profile_bin): $(NvParameterized_profile_obj) $(PxTask_profile_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_obj) build_PxFoundation_profile build_NvParameterized_profile build_PxTask_profile
mkdir -p `dirname ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_LegacyPROFILE.a`
@$(AR) rcs $(APEX_Legacy_profile_bin) $(NvParameterized_profile_obj) $(PxTask_profile_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_obj)
$(ECHO) building $@ complete!
APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR = $(dir $(@))/$(*F)
$(APEX_Legacy_profile_cpp_o): $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling profile $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CXX) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cppflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)) -o $@
@mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))))
$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))).P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))).P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d
$(APEX_Legacy_profile_cc_o): $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling profile $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CXX) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cppflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)) -o $@
mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))))
$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))).profile.P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))))).profile.P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d
$(APEX_Legacy_profile_c_o): $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling profile $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CC) $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)) -o $@
@mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))))
$(CC_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_profile_cflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))).P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/profile/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_profile_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))).P; \
rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_profile_DEPDIR).d
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += $(STLROOT)/libs/$(STL_ABI)/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/filebuf
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/foundation
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/task
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/cudamanager
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/include/pvd
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/foundation/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/filebuf/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/fastxml/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PxShared/src/pvd/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../public
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/common
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/cooking
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/extensions
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/geometry
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/gpu
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/deformable
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/particles
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterkinematic
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/characterdynamic
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Include/vehicle
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/GeomUtils/headers
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Source/PhysXGpu/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/RenderDebug/public
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../shared/general/shared/inparser/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../common/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../common/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../common/include/android
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../shared/internal/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/common/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../include/PhysX3
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../common/include/linux
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/Test_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/destructible_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/framework_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/common_legacy/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../framework/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../framework/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include
APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths += ./../../module/clothing/include/autogen
APEX_Legacy_checked_lpaths :=
APEX_Legacy_checked_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/makeandroid16
APEX_Legacy_checked_lpaths += ./../../../PhysX_3.4/Lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_checked_lpaths += ./../../../PxShared/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_checked_lpaths += ./../../NvParameterized/lib/android16
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_defines)
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += ANDROID
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += GLES2
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5__
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5T__
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5E__
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += __ARM_ARCH_5TE__
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += PX_PHYSX_STATIC_LIB
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS=1
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += NDEBUG
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += PX_CHECKED
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += PHYSX_PROFILE_SDK
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += PX_SUPPORT_VISUAL_DEBUGGER
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += PX_ENABLE_CHECKED_ASSERTS
APEX_Legacy_checked_defines += PX_NVTX=1
APEX_Legacy_checked_libraries :=
APEX_Legacy_checked_libraries += PxFoundationCHECKED
APEX_Legacy_checked_libraries += NvParameterizedCHECKED
APEX_Legacy_checked_libraries += PxTaskCHECKED
APEX_Legacy_checked_libraries += PhysX3CommonCHECKED
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += $(addprefix -D, $(APEX_Legacy_checked_defines))
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += $(addprefix -I, $(APEX_Legacy_checked_hpaths))
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -march=armv7-a -mfpu=neon -O3 -fpic -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=0 -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -ffast-math -fno-strict-aliasing
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -fomit-frame-pointer -funswitch-loops -finline-limit=300
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -Werror -Wall -Wextra
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -Wno-invalid-offsetof -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wno-psabi -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-function -Wno-unused-local-typedefs
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -Wno-missing-braces -Wno-reorder -Wno-maybe-uninitialized
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -isysroot $(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -mfloat-abi=softfp
APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags += -g3 -gdwarf-2
APEX_Legacy_checked_cflags := $(APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_checked_cppflags := $(APEX_Legacy_checked_common_cflags)
APEX_Legacy_checked_lflags := $(APEX_Legacy_custom_lflags)
APEX_Legacy_checked_lflags += $(addprefix -L, $(APEX_Legacy_checked_lpaths))
APEX_Legacy_checked_lflags += -Wl,--start-group $(addprefix -l, $(APEX_Legacy_checked_libraries)) -Wl,--end-group
APEX_Legacy_checked_lflags += --sysroot=$(PLATFORM_DIR)/arch-arm
APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir = $(OBJS_DIR)/APEX_Legacy_checked
APEX_Legacy_checked_cpp_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cpp, %.cpp.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_checked_cc_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.cc, %.cc.o, $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_checked_c_o = $(addprefix $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir)/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(patsubst %.c, %.c.o, $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles)))))
APEX_Legacy_checked_obj = $(APEX_Legacy_checked_cpp_o) $(APEX_Legacy_checked_cc_o) $(APEX_Legacy_checked_c_o)
APEX_Legacy_checked_bin := ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_LegacyCHECKED.a
clean_APEX_Legacy_checked:
@$(ECHO) clean APEX_Legacy checked
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir)
@$(RMDIR) $(APEX_Legacy_checked_bin)
@$(RMDIR) $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/checked
build_APEX_Legacy_checked: postbuild_APEX_Legacy_checked
postbuild_APEX_Legacy_checked: mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_checked
mainbuild_APEX_Legacy_checked: prebuild_APEX_Legacy_checked $(APEX_Legacy_checked_bin)
prebuild_APEX_Legacy_checked:
$(APEX_Legacy_checked_bin): $(NvParameterized_checked_obj) $(PxTask_checked_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_checked_obj) build_PxFoundation_checked build_NvParameterized_checked build_PxTask_checked
mkdir -p `dirname ./../../lib/android16/libAPEX_LegacyCHECKED.a`
@$(AR) rcs $(APEX_Legacy_checked_bin) $(NvParameterized_checked_obj) $(PxTask_checked_obj) $(APEX_Legacy_checked_obj)
$(ECHO) building $@ complete!
APEX_Legacy_checked_DEPDIR = $(dir $(@))/$(*F)
$(APEX_Legacy_checked_cpp_o): $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir)/%.o:
$(ECHO) APEX_Legacy: compiling checked $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))...
mkdir -p $(dir $(@))
$(CXX) $(APEX_Legacy_checked_cppflags) -c $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles)) -o $@
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$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_checked_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))
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-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(APEX_Legacy_checked_DEPDIR).d >> $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/checked/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cpp.o,.cpp, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cppfiles))))).P; \
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$(CXX_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_checked_cppflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .cc.o,.cc, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_ccfiles))
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@mkdir -p $(dir $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/checked/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))))
$(CC_NOCACHE) -MM -MT '$@' $(APEX_Legacy_checked_cflags) -o $(dir $(@))/$(*F).d $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))
cp $(APEX_Legacy_checked_DEPDIR).d $(addprefix $(DEPSDIR)/APEX_Legacy/checked/, $(subst ./, , $(subst ../, , $(filter %$(strip $(subst .c.o,.c, $(subst $(APEX_Legacy_checked_objsdir),, $@))), $(APEX_Legacy_cfiles))))).P; \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
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rm -f $(APEX_Legacy_checked_DEPDIR).d
clean_APEX_Legacy: clean_APEX_Legacy_debug clean_APEX_Legacy_release clean_APEX_Legacy_profile clean_APEX_Legacy_checked
rm -rf $(DEPSDIR)
export VERBOSE
ifndef VERBOSE
.SILENT:
endif
``` |
Espressino is an Italian coffee drink originating in the southern region of Apulia. Espressino is usually served in a demitasse.
Composition
It is prepared with equal parts of espresso and milk, with some cocoa powder on the bottom of the cup and on top of the drink. An espressino freddo is a cold coffee drink with differing ingredients. It is similar to the marocchino and bicerin.
See also
List of coffee beverages
References
Coffee drinks
Italian drinks
Chocolate drinks
Coffee in Italy |
Grau Province is one of the seven provinces of the Apurímac Region in Peru. The capital of the province is the city of Chuquibambilla.
The province was named after the naval officer Miguel Grau Seminario.
Boundaries
North: Abancay Province
East: Cotabambas Province
South: Antabamba Province
West: Abancay Province
Geography
One of the highest peaks of the district is Q'urawiri at approximately . Other mountains are listed below:
Political division
The province measures and is divided into fourteen districts:
Chuquibambilla
Curasco
Curpahuasi
Huayllati
Mamara
Mariscal Gamarra
Micaela Bastidas
Pataypampa
Progreso
San Antonio
Santa Rosa
Turpay
Vilcabamba
Virundo
Ethnic groups
The people in the province are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (81.28%) learnt to speak in childhood, 18.17% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language and 0.22% using Aymara (2007 Peru Census).
See also
Ccotancaire
Ccullco
Chinaqucha
Intikancha
Kimsaqucha
Q'urawiri
Tipiqucha
Urququcha
Sources
Provinces of the Apurímac Region |
2nd Madras Native Infantry may refer to:
1st Battalion which became the 62nd Punjabis
2nd Battalion which became the 80th Carnatic Infantry |
Loxostege mira is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1951 and is found in Iran.
References
Moths described in 1951
Pyraustinae |
John W. "Jack" Hinson, nicknamed "Old Jack" (c. 1807 – 28 April 1874) was a farmer in Stewart County, Tennessee, who operated as a Confederate partisan sniper in the Between-the-Rivers region of Tennessee and Kentucky during the American Civil War.
American Civil War
Before the war, Hinson was a prosperous land and slave-owner of Scotch-Irish descent, owning a plantation named "Bubbling Springs" with his wife and 10 children. Hinson voted for secession from the Union throughout various records, as well as personal testimonies from his neighbors. He had welcomed Union General Ulysses S. Grant to his home when Grant was in the area during the Union attack on Forts Henry and Donelson in February 1862. Due to the Confederate sympathy where the Hinson family lived, however, guerrillas known as "bushwhackers" began targeting Union soldiers although others targeted Union farmers and sympathizers with some instances resulting in entire pro-Union communities being attacked.
Hinson took up arms after his two sons, George (aged 22) and Jack (aged 17) were on a deer-hunting trip until they were executed by a Union patrol squad under the suspicion of being spies at Fort Donelson and participation in bushwhacker activity in the Autumn of 1862. Their corpses were dragged back to the town center with their heads then decapitated and placed placed on the two gateposts of the plantation as a warning sign.
Despite his age of 57, Hinson became a bushwhacker himself with a commissioned 0.50 caliber rifle based on the Whitworth rifle with his first target being the Lieutenant who ordered the deaths of his two sons and later, the soldier who placed his sons' heads on the gateposts. Due to possible motivations, the Union soldiers had suspected Hinson as being responsible for the deaths of the two soldiers and as a response, the now-abandoned plantation was burnt. On December 31, 1862, Hinson killed his neutral neighbor, Swiss immigrant Albert Rougemont, with whom he had had a long-running argument for years before the war due to Rougemont testifying against Hinson in a Circuit Court case in which Hinson had been accused of altering the course of a road in the neighborhood. The murder was investigated by the Union Provost Marshal, with many of Hinson's neighbors attesting to his decades of violence before the war and his well-known "Secesh" position at the outset of the war. The verdict of the Provost Marshal was not recorded.
For the remainder of the war, Hinson used a 50 caliber Kentucky long rifle to conduct a personal war against the Union Army. He targeted Union soldiers at distances as great as a half mile on land and on military transports and gunboats on the Tennessee River and the Cumberland River. Hinson has been credited with as many as one hundred kills, although his rifle had only 36 notches although it has been suggested that the notches were for officers only.
Hinson served as a guide for Nathan Bedford Forrest during his successful cavalry raid on the Union supply base at the Battle of Johnsonville on November 1864. Hinson's son Robert led a guerrilla band in the area until he was killed in action on September 18, 1863. Hinson himself evaded capture, despite elements of four Union regiments being assigned at different times to pursue him due to help from the locals and constant movement.
Post-War Life
After the war, he lived the rest of his life peacefully, mostly in Stewart County, settling the estate of his son George, voting, paying his taxes, etc., but also getting into some legal trouble as he had often done before the war. In 1867, he sold seven acres of timber off of his "Bubbling Springs" farm to the first Superintendent of the new National Cemetery.
Hinson died on April 28, 1874, at his residence in the White Oak/Magnolia area of Houston County, Tennessee. On the morning of his death, he complained of a severe pain between the shoulders. Remedies were applied, but no relief came and he died six hours after being taken. The attack was supposed to be meningitis. He is buried in the family plot in the Cane Creek Cemetery, off White Oak Road, near McKinnon, Tennessee. A monument to him is also located in the Boyd Cemetery in the Land-Between-the Lakes area. His 1874 obituary stated that he was interred at the Boyd Cemetery. Area newspapers in 1873 had been full of stories about the pursuit and capture of "Captain Jack", but those references are to Modoc chief Kintpuash, not to Hinson.
Hinson is commemorated in a roadside marker just across the state border in Kentucky, and his story has been told in two books by Tom McKenney:
Battlefield Sniper: Over 100 Civil War Kills, Tom C. Lt. Col. McKenney
Jack Hinson's One Man War
References
1807 births
1874 deaths
Farmers from Tennessee
People of Tennessee in the American Civil War
American murderers
American people of Scotch-Irish descent
American military snipers
Irregular forces of the American Civil War
American slave owners
Bushwhackers
Confederate States Army personnel |
Systoechus vulgaris, the grasshopper bee fly, is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae. Its larvae are predators of grasshopper eggs.
References
Bombyliidae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Insects described in 1863 |
The American gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), also known as the mud shad, is a member of the herring family of fish and is native to large swaths of fresh and brackish waters in the United States of America, as well as portions of Quebec, Canada, and Mexico. The adult has a deep body, with a silvery-green coloration above fading to plain silver below. The gizzard shad commonly resides in freshwater lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams but can also reside in brackish waters, as it does on the Atlantic coast of the United States. Their range is across most of the continental United States, although they typically go no further north than New York and no further west than New Mexico. They are a large part of many of the ecosystems they inhabit and can drive changes in phyto- and zooplankton, thereby indirectly affecting other planktivorous fishes. The gizzard shad has been widely used as a food source for game fish, with varied success in management and effectiveness.
Physical description
The gizzard shad's dorsal fin starts behind the insertion of the pelvic fins, and the last ray is greatly lengthened. They have a long anal fin, with 25 to 36 long, soft rays on the fin. The mouth of the gizzard shad has a short, wide, upper jaw with a deep notch along the ventral margin, and a weak, relatively smaller, lower jaw. The mouth itself is subterminal to inferior (on the lower portion of the head), and the adults possess no teeth. The gizzard shad also has 90 to 275 gill rakers along the lower limbs. Their ventral (pelvic) fins are in the thoracic position, or in the chest region of the fish. The gizzard shad can range from very small size when fry to a maximum recorded length of and maximum weight of . The average length is typically larger in northern waters, and ranges from at age three years to at age 10. They have a branched lateral line system that is confined to the head and anterior body, similar to the lateral line systems of other clupeids.
The gizzard shad is brown or gray dorsally, becoming whitish ventrally. A humeral spot, sometimes with purple iridescence, may be faintly visible posterior to the upper operculum. The fish is often slimy.
Range and habitat
Gizzard shad have historically ranged from North Dakota in the northwest of the United States south to New Mexico in the southwest, east to Florida in the southeast, and north to 40°N latitude (they have historically been seen no farther north than the lower New York Harbor). They were not seen in many of the Great Lakes until the late 1800s and early 1900s, although they are suspected to be native to Lake Erie, reaching it after the last ice age. Gizzard shad typically live in lakes and reservoirs, although they can live in rivers and streams, and brackish waters. They reside in the limnetic zone, and can comprise up to 80% of fish biomass in certain lake systems. They prefer shallow lakes with muddy bottoms and relatively high turbidity. This may be due in part to their breeding preferences, but it probably arises from the fact that they have lower survival rates in clear waters and waters with high vegetative cover.
Diet and feeding habits
Gizzard shad are planktivorous in early life, feeding mainly on phytoplankton and zooplankton as larvae. Consumptive demand of young of year fish (including larvae) can be intense enough to cause collapses in the zooplankton community, which has far-reaching effects through the ecosystem of which they are a part. In midwestern USA reservoirs, where gizzard shad are often the most abundant fish (by biomass), they usually switch to diets dominated by sediment detritus during the first year of life, whereas in some natural lakes they may rely heavily on zooplankton throughout their lives. As zooplankton are a nutritionally superior food than detritus, if large zooplankton (e.g., Daphnia) are available, gizzard shad probably prefer to feed on this resource. However, in many reservoirs, large zooplankton are scarce so gizzard shad rely on detritus. Gizzard shad growth rates may be lower when they feed only on detritus (compared to zooplankton), and in reservoirs they may consume more zooplankton (and less detritus) when density of conspecifics is low and the abundance of large-bodied zooplankton is high. In such cases, Daphnia and other crustaceans make up a large portion of some gizzard shad diets.
Gizzard shad feed mainly during the day, with minimal activity at night. They have been observed at night in Lake Mead, Arizona congregating in schools in very shallow water two to three feet deep during the fall.
Reproduction
The start of the spawning period is typically between mid-May and early June, and is triggered by rising water temperatures. The number of eggs per individual varies between populations, but typically it is 12,500 eggs for a two-year-old and peaks at 380,000 eggs for a four-year-old. The eggs are laid in shallow water in clumps, with seemingly no pairing off occurring between individuals. They spawn during the evening and the early hours of the night, and the eggs adhere to underwater vegetation and do not receive any parental attention. Feeding begins three to four days after hatching, and most individuals are 3.3 mm long upon hatching. Gizzard shad have very high fecundity and a rapid growth rate, meaning they can become a large part of an ecosystem, in terms of abundance and biomass, very quickly. They are capable of hybridizing with the closely related threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense).
Fisheries management
Gizzard shad were introduced into many lake and river systems as a source of food for game fish, such as walleye, bass, and trout, because of their small size and relatively high abundance. They were thought to be easy food for game fish and could help increase the numbers of fish available, as well as decrease the pressures on prey species (such as the bluegill). However, due to their rapid growth, they can quickly grow beyond the size available to many fish. They remain vulnerable to predation by piscivorous birds, such as great blue herons, as well as raccoons and other wetland predators.
In addition, gizzard shad spawn in large numbers and can reach densities high enough to ensure that many of them survive past the first year, making them essentially invulnerable to fish predation. They can also be harmful exploitative competitors to other species, leading to declines in other fish species' populations. Partly as a result of this, large gizzard shad are sometimes labeled as "nuisances" and "unwanted". However, gizzard shad can help to control populations of zooplankton and insect larvae in productive ecosystems through their unique capabilities as predators of small organisms.
Lake management
Gizzard shad can increase productivity in an ecosystem through redistribution of nutrients, particularly in their adult stages when they consume detritus in lower depths of the lake and both make them available to other predator species as well as excreting them in more bioavailable forms. Because of this, gizzard shad can have a strong effect on algal production even when phosphorus loading from watersheds is high, and can counteract management efforts to combat cultural eutrophication.
Aquatic toxicology
Gizzard shad are important to toxicology testing for chemical products. Due to the food web dependencies and fecundity gizzard shad are somewhat the water bound version of "canary in the coal mine."
Etymology
The gizzard shad is so named because it possesses a gizzard, a sack filled with rocks or sand, that aids the animal in the breakdown of consumed food. Its generic name, Dorosoma, is a reflection of the fact that, when young, the fish has a lancelet-shaped body (doro meaning lanceolate and soma meaning body). The specific name, cepedianum, is a reference to amateur French ichthyologist La Cépède.
References
External links
Dorosoma
Freshwater fish of the Southeastern United States
Taxa named by Charles Alexandre Lesueur
Fish described in 1818
Freshwater fish of North America |
The 2005 William Hill Greyhound Derby took place in June and July with the final being held on 2 July 2005 at Wimbledon Stadium. The winner Westmead Hawk received the title and £100,000 in prize money.
Final result
At Wimbledon (over 480 metres):
Distances
1¾, 3, ½, ¾, short head (lengths)
The distances between the greyhounds are in finishing order and shown in lengths. One length is equal to 0.08 of one second.
Final Report
The 2005 title was won by Westmead Hawk. It was the second year in a row that trainer Nick Savva won. After coming last out of the traps and having found trouble in the race, the winner was at the back of the field for most of the final. However, he ran on strong and took the lead just before the finishing line, providing a great climax to the race.
Quarter finals
Semi finals
Competition report
The leading English hopes were the Charlie Lister range including Robbie De Niro, Bell Devotion and Laurels champion Ningbo Jack. The Carly Philpott duo of Ballymac Pires and Ballymac Kewell were also considered dangers. Ireland sent over an impressive group led by the Frazer Black's Irish Derby finalists Droopys Marco (also the Scottish Greyhound Derby champion) and Droopys Maldini. The Seamus Graham pair Blue Majestic and Mineola Farloe lined up alongside the McKenna team now under control of Ger McKenna's son Owen, which included Superb Pass, Irish Derby finalist Geldrops Touch, Agassis Ace and Boherduff Light.
The 2004 Greyhound of the Year Fire Height Dan won his first round heat on 2 June but it was found that he had injured a pisiform bone. His connections announced that he would be retired. Droopys Leroy went fastest on the night, winning in 28.59. On the third night of heats Droopys Marco (28.60), Ballymac Pires (28.48) and Droopys Maldini (28.49) all impressed.
The second round began on 10 June with surprise eliminations including Agassis Ace, Hee Haws Barney and Ballymac Pires. The following night Westmead Hawk won again in a heat that contained Droopys Maldini, Droopys Marco impressed again going fastest in 28.58.
Droopys Leroy was eliminated in the first heat of round three which was won by Count Gelignite. The next heats went to Toms View, Velvet Rebel, Geldrops Touch and Ballymac Niloc before Droopys Marco held on to defeat the strong finishing Westmead Hawk in a sensational heat. Blue Majestic and Lenson Thierry completed the night's winners. Droopys Maldini and Romeo Paddy were high profile casualties.
Ningbo Jack won the first quarter final and Blue Majestic and January Tiger won heats 3 and 4 respectively but heat 2 was another meeting between Droopys Marco and Westmead Hawk. However this time Hawk caught Droopys Marco on the run-in to claim a revenge victory.
Westmead Hawk became a strong favourite when Droopys Marco failed to progress to the final in the first semi final, he found trouble in a race won by Ningo Jack and finished last. Blue Majestic and Geldrops Touch claimed the other two qualifying places. In the second semi final Westmead Hawk also found trouble but made his way through the field to finish second behind Mineola Farloe with outsider Blonde Mac taking third place.
See also
2005 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year
References
Results
Results and video of the race
External links
British Greyhound Racing Board
Greyhound Data
Greyhound Derby
English Greyhound Derby
English Greyhound Derby
English Greyhound Derby
English Greyhound Derby |
Lobos is the headquarters city of the Lobos Partido in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It was founded on 2 June 1802 by José Salgado.
Background
Located from Buenos Aires, Lobos is a fertile agricultural area known mainly because of the dairy activity and dairy-related products. Lobos Administrative Area is bordered by Navarro to the northwest; General Las Heras to the north; Cañuelas to the northeast; San Miguel del Monte to the east; Roque Pérez to the south and 25 de Mayo to the west.
The administrative area is as web divided into seven quarters: Arévalo, Carboni, Elvira, Empalme Lobos, Las Chacras, Salvador María and Zapiola.
Lobos Administrative Area and its divisions
Besides the rural importance, Lobos is considered a tourist center within the Province of Buenos Aires, Lobos Lagoon being the most important feature. The lagoon is located some . from the city ( from Buenos Aires). Other areas of special interest are the local aerodrome, several ranches, a museum of sciences of nature and history, and Perón’s museum.
As far as its history is concerned, Lobos is known for being the place of birth of three times President Juan Domingo Perón born on 8 October 1895, and it is also the place where the gaucho legend Juan Moreira was killed in 1874 after struggling with the law.
Perón’s original house was restored and turned into a museum where photographs and personal items can be viewed, amid other ancient artifacts of Lobos history.
History
The history of Lobos began in 1740 when a Jesuit mission led by Reverend Father Falkner, who surveyed the centre and South of the Province of Buenos Aires and thus picked up some geographic information of the area.
In 1772 thanks to Falkner's notes a map of the region was printed in London. The map contained the inscription Laguna de Lobos (Lagoon of Wolves, in Spanish) below the drawing of the lagoon.
It's said that the name Lobos stems from the amount of otters that at that time populated the lagoon and were known as "lobos de agua" ("water wolves") or "lobos de río" ("river wolves"), however, there are historians who believe Lobos had been given this name due to the wild dogs staying around and because they bore a resemblance to wolves.
By 1779 several guards settled down there and several forts, fortresses and military positions were built to form a defence wall against the natives. These positions were set up by order of viceroy Juan José de Vértiz y Salcedo and named them Chascomús, Ranchos, Monte, Lobos, Navarro, Areco and Rojas.
On 21 August 1779 Gunnery Sergeant Pedro Rodríguez concluded the construction of the main parts of the fort San Pedro de Los Lobos, over the eastern bank of the Lagoon about 300 meters from its shoreline and nearly 1,500 meters east of the mouth of Las Garzas stream, finishing the work Lieutenant Bernardo Serrano.
By the end of 18th century José Salgado and his wife Pascuala Rivas de Salgado were granted an area to colonize as a donation made by viceroy Vértiz, founding Pago de Los Lobos on 2 June 1802.
Back in that time, their Christian faith brought them to build a straw-and-mud oratory, under advocation of Nuestra Señora del Carmen, forming the Chapel in June 1803 being the first priest doctor José García Miranda. The chapel became the urban core of Lobos.
Surveyor Federico C. De Meyrelles conducted important mesures, and planning in 1868, from which the city was constituted. The regime of city management started when Fructuoso Velásquez was named by the Cabildo of Buenos Aires as Mayor of the Brethrem in 1805; after the regime was modified, the first city councillor was Silvestre Cabral in 1822. after the first corporative city hall was established, with limited authority the first councillor and president of the city hall was Juan Antonio Cascallares in 1856. Finally, the first mayor of the autonomous community was Manuel Antonio Caminos Arévalo in 1877.
After the school councils were set up in 1875. the first president of the división for Lobos was presbyterian Felipe Olivera, who became parish in 1876.
The first councillor with exclusive functions was Felipe Aráoz between 1877-1878.
References to education in Lobos date back to the establishment of an elementary school by 1832, however, it is possible that there had already been school teachers settled in Lobos since 1826.
Jesuit missions
In 1872 a Catholic Misión arrived to Lobos and left wooden cruxes each with a brick basis as clue of its presence, located at the northern part of the city near Salgado Channel’s bank and there is another crux at the southern part of the city.
Nuestra Señora Del Carmen Church
The current church was opened in 1906 by Monsignor Terreno, bishop of La Plata and it was completed in 1912.
In the church lies the rests of the founder José Salgado, Colonel Domingo S. Arévalo, soldier of the Independence and parishes Enrique Ferroni, José Albertini and Emilio Larumbe.
The church is 49 meters long and 19 meters wide with a capacity for 2,000 people. The tower lifts 37 meters. The main altar is made up of Carrara marble and it boasts a peculiar beauty.
Politics
Tourism
Lobos is mainly known by its lagoon, the aerodrome, a museum of sciences, Juan Perón's house, which has been turned into a museum, and several ranches.
Lobos Lagoon
The Lobos Lagoon (or Laguna de Lobos), at 15 km from Lobos and from the City of Buenos Aires is the main tourism attraction of the area.
It has an area of making it an excellent place for fishing activities. Due to its surrounding which is rich in vegetation it is possible to appreciate a wealth of birds. However, the fishing fauna allows amateur fishers to enjoy an unforgettable stay.
Since December 1988, the Sport Fishing Festival is held here annually at the Lobos Fishing Club, which was founded in 1945.. Various competences were declared by City Tourism Interest, the Province and the Nation. In this contest different activities are carried out, and on conclusion, the Queen of Fishing is selected. A music show is regularly held on a stage erected over the water.
The Lagoon sports its own boats and a long wharf, restaurants, grills, etc.
"Loguercio Village" is located over the northwestern margin of the lagoon and is inhabited by 400 people, but nearly 2,000 people only come to enjoy the weekend.
Geography
Lobos has a surface of 1,725 km² and is bordered to the south by the Río Salado, which usually becomes the source of recurrent flooding. Lobos city is also limited by Salgado Channel, which comes from Río Salado. The southeastern area of the city is bordered by Muñiz Channel.
Salgado Channel splits the city from the countryside areas. Lobos also boasts 6 lagoons: Salada; Laguna Salada Chica; Laguna Culú Culú; Laguna de Colis; Laguna Seca, and the most important of all: Lobos Lagoon (Laguna de Lobos for Spanish).
In the 1980s geologist Víctor Mansione discovered a plaster deposit beneath the lagoon. The existence of this deposit prevents the lagoon to drain. Currently the lagoon has become an issue of political concern due to its polluted water that worsened during the past years on account of the lack of sound policies to prevent this situation.
External links
Lobos City Hall (In Spanish)
Museo Pago de los Lobos
INFOLOBOS (In Spanish), the first digital newspaper in Lobos giving information about tourism, culture, social news, police news, sports, etc.
Newspaper LA PALABRA
Newspaper LOBOSDIARIO
Newspaper LOBOSNEWS
Populated places in Buenos Aires Province
Populated places established in 1802
Cities in Argentina |
Peter Downton Croft (7 July 1933 – 18 July 2021) was an England and Great Britain field hockey player, a member of the British squad at the 1960 Summer Olympics, and also a first-class cricketer. He was usually known as Peter Croft. From 1953 to 1955 he served as a second lieutenant in the Royal Regiment of Artillery.
Sporting life
Educated at Gresham's School, Holt, where he attended the junior and senior schools between 1945 and 1952, and then at the University of Cambridge, Croft excelled in two sports, hockey and cricket, representing his school and university at both.
At hockey, after gaining his Blue at Cambridge, Croft played for Surbiton, Surrey and later for the England national field hockey team. He represented Great Britain at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.
Croft's first-class cricket career representing Cambridge University ran from 1955 to 1957 and gained him another Blue. He was a right-hand batsman and a right-arm offbreak bowler, with a batting average of 14.88.
Personal life and death
Croft died on 18 July 2021, at the age of 88.
References
External links
1933 births
2021 deaths
English cricketers
Cambridge University cricketers
English male field hockey players
Field hockey players at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Olympic field hockey players for Great Britain
British male field hockey players
People educated at Gresham's School
Royal Artillery officers
Free Foresters cricketers
Surbiton Hockey Club players |
Atelopus patazensis is a species of toads in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Peru and only known from its type locality in Quebrada Los Alisos, near Pataz in the La Libertad Region. There is, however, an unverified observation from Llacuabamba, about 40 km south of Pataz.
Description
Atelopus patazensis is a relatively large Atelopus: adult males measure and females in snout–vent length. The head is about as long as it is wide. There is no tympanum. The body is robust with relatively short limbs. The fingers are unwebbed whereas the toes have some webbing. The dorsum is orange with larger black vermiculated or irregular marks that extend to the limbs, or black with orange vermiculated or irregular marks. The venter is immaculate orange, as are the palms and soles.
Habitat and conservation
Atelopus patazensis lives in montane environments at elevations of above sea level dominated by bunchgrass and scattered shrubs. Breeding takes place in streams.
Adults were regularly observed at the type locality until 1999, when chytrid fungus was detected, along with dead specimens. Later surveys have managed to locate only very few adults or tadpoles. In addition to chytridiomycosis, also pollution from mining activities as well as domestic waste are threats to this species.
References
patazensis
Amphibians of the Andes
Amphibians of Peru
Endemic fauna of Peru
Amphibians described in 2008
Taxa named by Alessandro Catenazzi
Taxa named by Karen Siu-Ting
Taxa named by Pablo J. Venegas |
Cronica (in standard Latin, Chronica; in English, "Chronicle") is the short title of a history of Catharism and the Albigensian Crusade by the 13th century Toulousain author Guillaume de Puylaurens.
The most important manuscript of the Chronica (Paris Bibl. Nat. Latin 5212) dates from the early 14th century. It was probably written in or near Toulouse and perhaps belonged to a Dominican foundation such as Prouille. Two further manuscripts are later copies of this one. A fourth (Paris Bibl. Nat. Latin 5213) is of the 16th century but based on an early manuscript now lost. The 1623 edition by Guillaume Catel (see below) was based on other manuscripts now lost.
The oldest manuscript provides two possible longer titles for the work. The incipit is Incipit chronica a magistro Guillelmo de Podio Laurenti compilata, "here begins the chronicle compiled by Master William of Puylaurens". The prologue is headed Incipit prologus super hystoria negocii a Francis Albiensis vulgariter appellati, "here begins the prologue of the history of what the French call the Albigensian affair".
The chronicle opens with the preaching of Bernard of Clairvaux against the heretics of Verfeil, Haute-Garonne in 1145 and closes with the restitution, on 15 March 1275, of the confiscated lands of Roger-Bernard III of Foix. Work on the chronicle was completed before 25 July 1276, date of the death of James I of Aragon, who is spoken of in the final sentence as still alive.
In the 14th century the Chronica was used by the Dominican historian Bernard Gui, who included long excerpts from it in his Flores chronicorum. An anonymous abbreviation of this latter work was made in the late 15th century under the title Praeclara Francorum facinora; as a popular history this appeared in several undated editions during the first few decades after the spread of printing.
See also
Peter of les Vaux de Cernay (author of Historia albigensis, another major source text)
Editions and translations
Guillaume Catel, Histoire des comtes de Toulouse. Toulouse, 1623. Text.
. Text and French translation. Reprinted: Toulouse: Le Pérégrinateur, 1996 - leperegrinateurediteur.com.
1275 books
Latin chronicles about the Crusades
13th-century Latin books |
Joakim Robillard is a Canadian actor from Quebec. He is most noted for his performance in the 2020 film Underground (Souterrain), for which he received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Actor at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards, and a Prix Iris nomination for Revelation of the Year at the 23rd Quebec Cinema Awards.
He has also had supporting roles in the films Overpass (Viaduc), King Dave and Dusk for a Hitman (Crépuscule pour un tueur), and has appeared in the television series Blue Moon, GAME(R), Béliveau, Can You Hear Me and Mégantic.
References
External links
21st-century Canadian male actors
Canadian male film actors
Canadian male television actors
Male actors from Quebec
French Quebecers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Penny Lane (born March 6, 1978) is an American independent filmmaker, known for her documentary films. Her humor and unconventional approach to the documentary form, including the use of archival Super 8 footage and YouTube videos, have earned her critical acclaim.
Lane is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Life and career
Lane was born in Lynn, Massachusetts. She received a BA in American Culture and Media Studies at Vassar College in 2001 and an MFA in Integrated Electronic Arts at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 2005. She has taught film, video and new media art at Bard College, Hampshire College, Williams College and Colgate University.
Lane became interested in filmmaking and video art while she was working at Children's Media Project, a nonprofit youth media center in Poughkeepsie, New York. Starting in 2002, she has made over a dozen experimental short films which span the worlds of video art and documentary film, including The Abortion Diaries, The Voyagers, Just Add Water and Normal Appearances. Many of her short films are collected and distributed by VTAPE.
In 2013, Lane released her first feature-length film Our Nixon. The all-archival documentary featuring the never before seen home movies of Nixon staffers premiered at the 42nd International Film Festival Rotterdam in 2013, had its North American premiere at SXSW, and was selected as the Closing Night Film at New Directors/New Films. It earned wide critical acclaim and numerous film festival awards at Seattle International Film Festival, Ann Arbor Film Festival, Nantucket Film Festival, and Traverse City Film Festival.
In 2016, the director's second feature-length film Nuts! a mostly-animated experimental documentary about con-man and quack, John Brinkley, world premiered at Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Special Jury Award for Editing.
Lane also released a companion project to Nuts! called Notes on Nuts!, a database of "footnotes" to the film in which she details over 300 instances of manipulation, tricky editing, and outright fabrications contained within the "mostly true" story in the film. Lane wrote that the website "takes the provocation of the film much further by engaging in a kind of radical honesty about all the tricks, manipulations and outright lies to be found in my film, with the idea that in doing so I could expand out from this one (admittedly really strange!) case study to instigate a whole new conversation: what would happen if documentary filmmakers started to regularly use footnotes?"
Lane returned to Sundance in 2019 to premiere her fourth feature-length documentary Hail Satan?, concerning the birth and rapid rise of The Satanic Temple.
In 2017, Lane was admitted into the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Critical acclaim
Critics have often noted Lane's use of humor and unique approach to the documentary form.
Filmmaker magazine named Lane one of "25 New Faces of Independent Film" in 2012. Ella Taylor of NPR described Lane as "one of our foremost chroniclers of bizarro Americana." Museum of the Moving Image chief curator David Schwartz organized her first major retrospective in 2018, writing "in the past few years, Penny Lane has quickly emerged as a major documentary filmmaker." Ann Hornaday wrote that Lane "might be documentary film's most compellingly cockamamie social historian," while Chris Plante wrote in The Verge in 2016, "Lane is the answer to a question more people should be asking: who's the great documentarian of this generation?"
Feature films
Our Nixon
Brian Frye introduced Lane to the Super 8 home movies confiscated by the FBI during the Watergate investigation. The archival footage inspiring Lane and Frye became the basis of 2013 released nonfiction film Our Nixon, directed by Lane and co-produced by Frye.
The documentary depicts a unique portrait of Richard Nixon and his closest aides, chief of staff H.R. Haldeman, domestic affairs adviser John Ehrlichman, and special assistant Dwight Chapin. The film contains footage from 26 hours of Super 8 home movies filmed by Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and Chapin, as well as relevant news broadcasts and interviews. Among numerous films about the Nixon and Watergate era, Our Nixon stands out for its distinct, intimate perspective and the stylized all archival editing choice.
Our Nixon had its world premiere at the 42nd International Film Festival in Rotterdam and its North American premiere at 2013 South by Southwest. The film screened at multiple film festivals, including Ann Arbor Film Festival, where it won the Ken Burns Award for “Best of the Festival,” and Seattle International Film Festival, where it won the Best Documentary Award. Our Nixon was selected as the Closing Night Film at 42nd New Directors/New Films. On August 1, 2013, CNN broadcast the film, and Cinedigm handled the film's theatrical release.
The Wall Street Journal wrote that the "highly personal view of the Nixon years is, for obvious reasons, a sad and wrenching one - a film that is nonetheless filled with spirit, humor, and a bountiful sense of irony.” Amy Entelis, senior vice president for development for CNN Worldwide, praised the film for its “original material” and “unconventional” storytelling.
Nuts!
After encountering Charlatan, an authorized biography written by Pope Brock, in her local public library in 2009, Lane developed an interest in John Romulus Brinkley, a doctor who attempted to cure impotence via goat testicle transplantation in 1917. The experimental documentary Nuts! mainly consists of animated reenactments and narration voiced by both actors and Brinkley himself. “Brinkley’s story is not presented as the object of a neutral nonfiction gaze, but the opportunity for viewers to actively wrestle with the ethical and epistemological issues central to the narrative nonfiction form,” Lane wrote in the home page of NUTS!
Nuts! premiered at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on Jan. 22, 2016, and won the Special Jury Award for Editing in the U.S. Documentary Competition of the festival. The documentary premiered theatrically on June 22, 2016, at Film Forum in New York.
Rolling Stone named Nuts! one of the 12 best movies they saw at Sundance 2016, saying “the fact that it’s all true didn’t stop Lane’s film from ending with the best twist of this year’s fest.”
The Pain of Others
Lane's third feature-length documentary The Pain of Others (2018), an all-archival documentary about the controversial illness known as Morgellons, world premiered at International Film Festival Rotterdam and was later screened at BAMcinemaFest, Maryland Film Festival and Sheffield Doc/Fest. The film is composed entirely of YouTube vlogs and does not answer the scientific question of the physiological causes of Morgellons—rather, it focuses on need for human proximity and unexplained suffering of the vloggers, as well as the specific formal and emotional qualities of 2010s era YouTube. Lane has described the film as both "YouTube body horror," and a "work of media archeology" which asks the questions, "When doctors send you away, to whom do you turn for help? When suffering has no explanation, what rushes to fill the void? How does false information spread on the internet? If a supportive and loving community forms around a shared delusion, can that be a good thing? What do you do in the face of someone else’s pain if you believe the pain stems from a delusion?" Lane was inspired to make the film by reading a 2013 essay in Harpers Magazine by Leslie Jamison describing the phenomenon.
Hail Satan?
An examination of the origins of The Satanic Temple and their brand of grassroots activism. The documentary premiered at the 2019 Sundance Film Festival and is distributed by Magnolia Pictures. Lane described the editing for the film occurred in approximately six months, "concurrent with the bulk of shooting."
Listening to Kenny G
Lane’s film on the musician Kenny G was released on HBO, as part of the ‘Music Box’ strand, and in theaters on December 2, 2021, and was one of Glenn Kenny’s Critic’s Picks in his December 2 review in the New York Times.
Short films
The Abortion Diaries (2005)
The Abortion Diaries is a short documentary film released in 2005 which Lane completed as her MFA thesis project at iEAR Studios, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's electronic arts graduate program. The 30-minute documentary was made for approximately $3,000 and directed and edited by Lane. It features intimate interviews with 12 women who speak candidly about their experiences with abortion. Critics have written of the film, "[t]hough the concept is simple, it is also profoundly radical" and described it as "clear-eyed and surprisingly compelling".
Part of Lane's research process was to research the history of abortion stories in American popular media (film and television) and share it publicly on a widely consulted timeline.
Lane said she made the film to address a "generational gap in language" around abortion after having an abortion in her early 20s which she found "horrifically isolating" and feeling that her experiences were not represented in the popular media. "I felt guilty for not feeling guilty . . . I expected I would suffer a lot. Because I didn't, I felt like a monster." Lane looked "literally all over the Internet" for advice to help her handle her emotions, but found mainly pro-life literature disguised as unbiased pregnancy resources and pro-choice websites that failed to offer much beyond statistics. She made this film to correct the lack of representation and to "approach a divisive issue and go beyond bumper stickers."
The Abortion Diaries was a DIY film primarily self-distributed by the director herself. It became important organizing and discussion tool, screening at hundreds of colleges, churches, community centers, basements, and bars in every US state. It won several awards, including an Audience Award at New Orleans International Human Rights Film Festival, Best Student Documentary at Carolina Film/Video Festival, and Choice USA's “Spirit of Communication” Award.
The Voyagers (2010)
The Voyagers is an experimental documentary that tells the story of the NASA project to launch two spacecraft, each carrying golden phonograph records holding a wealth of human culture, into space in 1977. Space probes Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 pioneered research of the far reaches of the Solar System and continue to hurtle further into outer space today. In the process of putting together these time capsules of human experience, Carl Sagan and the project's creative director, Ann Druyan, fell in love. Their story resonated with Lane, who created a personal take on it for her own wedding, as a meditation on the nature of love in an uncertain universe.
Lane said the film is "a valentine to Carl Sagan and the way that he ... embodies the place where scientific skepticism meets child-like awe and wonder and joy and optimism." Brainpickings founder Maria Popova described the film as "a living testament to the creative capacity of remix culture" and critic Collin Souter described it as "a beautiful film, one that never resorts to over-the-top sentiment to make a point about love and the cosmos." Critic Andrew S. Allen described the film as "a profound story about love and the fearless ability of the human spirit to stand in awe of its vastness, to dream of its mysteries, and to catch a glimpse of its incomprehensible complexity, and, knowing what triumphs and heartache lie ahead, still boldly jump in headfirst."
The Voyagers won many awards, including Best Essay Film (2012 Short of the Week), Best Film (FLEX Film Festival 2011), Winner of the Hammer to Nail Short Film Contest (July 2012). Honorable Mention, Disposable Film Festival (March 2012), Honorable Mention, AFI FEST, Los Angeles (November 2011) and Best Experimental Film, New Orleans Film Festival, NOLA (October 2011).
Controversy
In 2016, Lane discovered that the Tribeca Film Festival was planning to screen Vaxxed, an anti-vaccination documentary directed by Andrew Wakefield. She wrote a widely cited open letter to the festival, originally posted to Facebook and later reposted to Filmmaker Magazine, in which she asked the festival to remove the film from their lineup. In the letter she wrote, "the problem is not that Vaxxed is controversial, or even that it's deceptive. Honestly, I consider a large number of well-made, popular documentary films fairly deceptive. The problem is that it is dangerous misinformation being legitimized under the banner of your considerable prestige." After the ensuing controversy, Tribeca Film Festival eventually removed the film from its lineup.
Awards and honors
Creative Capital Award (2012)
Sundance Film Festival, Special Jury Award for Editing (2016)
Chicken & Egg Breakthrough Award (2018)
Vanguard Award, San Francisco DocFest (2018)
Wexner Center for the Arts Artist Award (2017)
Sundance Institute Momentum Fellowship (2020)
References
External links
1978 births
21st-century American women
American documentary film directors
American women documentary filmmakers
Film directors from Massachusetts
Living people
People from Lynn, Massachusetts
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Vassar College alumni
Yaddo alumni |
```java
/*
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
*/
package org.apache.pulsar.functions.worker.executor;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
/**
* Test {@link MockExecutorController}.
*/
public class MockExecutorControllerTest {
private static final int MAX_SCHEDULES = 5;
private ScheduledExecutorService executor;
private MockExecutorController mockExecutorControl;
@BeforeMethod
public void setup() {
this.executor = mock(ScheduledExecutorService.class);
this.mockExecutorControl = new MockExecutorController()
.controlExecute(executor)
.controlSubmit(executor)
.controlSchedule(executor)
.controlScheduleAtFixedRate(executor, MAX_SCHEDULES);
}
@Test
public void testSubmit() {
Runnable task = mock(Runnable.class);
doNothing().when(task).run();
executor.submit(task);
verify(task, times(1)).run();
}
@Test
public void testExecute() {
Runnable task = mock(Runnable.class);
doNothing().when(task).run();
executor.execute(task);
verify(task, times(1)).run();
}
@Test
public void testDelay() {
Runnable task = mock(Runnable.class);
doNothing().when(task).run();
executor.schedule(task, 10, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
mockExecutorControl.advance(Duration.ofMillis(5));
verify(task, times(0)).run();
mockExecutorControl.advance(Duration.ofMillis(10));
verify(task, times(1)).run();
}
@Test
public void testScheduleAtFixedRate() {
Runnable task = mock(Runnable.class);
doNothing().when(task).run();
executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 5, 10, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
// first delay
mockExecutorControl.advance(Duration.ofMillis(2));
verify(task, times(0)).run();
mockExecutorControl.advance(Duration.ofMillis(3));
verify(task, times(1)).run();
// subsequent delays
for (int i = 1; i < MAX_SCHEDULES; i++) {
mockExecutorControl.advance(Duration.ofMillis(2));
verify(task, times(i)).run();
mockExecutorControl.advance(Duration.ofMillis(8));
verify(task, times(i + 1)).run();
}
// no more invocations
mockExecutorControl.advance(Duration.ofMillis(500));
verify(task, times(MAX_SCHEDULES)).run();
}
}
``` |
Paul Roos (born 27 June 1963) is a former Australian rules football coach who coached the Sydney Swans and Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). As a player, he represented and during the 1980s and 1990s.
A versatile key-position player, Roos was a strong mark who was excellent at ground level, and in his prime was rated the best footballer in Australia. He was one of the Fitzroy Lions' finest players in its final years, and was named at centre half back in Fitzroy's Team of the Century. In his 17 seasons of League football, he was only reported once, for abusive language, and was found not guilty.
Roos was inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2005. He has won many accolades throughout his career: he was named All-Australian seven times; received the league's most valuable player (MVP) award; and represented Victoria on 14 occasions in State of Origin. He is also the AFL/VFL record holder for the number of games played wearing the number 1 jumper, which he wore throughout his 356-game career with both the Fitzroy Lions and the Sydney Swans.
After finishing as a player, Roos went on to become a successful coach. He was the senior coach of the Sydney Swans from 2002 to 2010 and guided the Swans to the 2005 Premiership after they had finished the regular season in 3rd place on the ladder. The Swans' previous Premiership had been 72 years earlier when they were the South Melbourne Swans. Roos then coached the Melbourne Football Club from 2014 to 2016.
Early life
Roos grew up in the Melbourne suburb of Donvale and played junior football with Beverley Hills Football Club in Doncaster East. He attended Donvale High School from 1975 until 1981. As Beverley Hills was in 's recruiting zone, Roos was selected to play for the Fitzroy Lions in their Under 19's team.
Playing career
Fitzroy
Roos made his senior VFL debut for in Round 4 of the 1982 season against , the club he would eventually move to 13 years later. Also making his debut along with Roos was 16-year-old Gary Pert, who became one of Roos' best teammates. In Round 9, he was named at full-forward against and kicked seven goals in a 47-point win.
In 1986, Roos polled a career high 16 votes in the Brownlow Medal to finish runner-up. He ended his career with 121 Brownlow votes (98 with Fitzroy and 23 with Sydney).
Roos was appointed captain of Fitzroy in 1988 and led the club in 122 games until 1994.
During his playing career at Fitzroy, Roos was selected as an All-Australian in 1985, 1987, 1988, 1991 (as captain) and 1992 (as captain). He also represented Victoria in State of Origin as captain.
Roos left Fitzroy at the end of 1994 to join the Sydney Swans. In leaving Fitzroy for Sydney, Roos cited financial difficulty, the departure of key players (such as Gary Pert to ) and the club's relocation to the Western Oval as the main reasons for moving to Sydney.
Roos played for Fitzroy Football Club from 1982 until 1994, where he played for a total of 269 games and kicked a total of 270 goals.
Sydney Swans
Roos joined Sydney Swans in 1995 on a three-year contract. While Roos was at the Swans, he was one of Sydney's best in the 1996 AFL Grand Final loss to North Melbourne. He again qualified as an All-Australian in 1996 and 1997. He finished his playing career at the Sydney Swans with 87 games and 19 goals at the end of 1998.
In his playing days, he was often cheered by supporters with a distinctive, deep rolling roar of "ROOOOOOS!".
Coaching career
United States
When his playing career ended, in 1999, Roos moved to the United States, his wife’s homeland, Roos then spent some time in the United States and coached the national side to victory over Canada. He is often credited as one of the key people in the success of the fledgling United States Australian Football League, establishing networks with key people in the country.
Sydney Swans
Returning to Australia and the Sydney Swans, Roos then became an assistant coach under senior coach Rodney Eade in 2001. Part-way through the 2002 season, with the Swans' record becoming worse by the week, Eade resigned. The club administration started the search for a new coach and it is widely believed that negotiations with Terry Wallace were at an advanced stage. Nevertheless, when Eade finally went with several games of the minor round still to be played, Roos was appointed caretaker senior coach for the remainder of the 2002 season, a move hugely popular with Swans fans, who remembered his great contribution to the club as a player.
As caretaker senior coach, Roos immediately transformed the dispirited Swans players. Several who had struggled under Eade blossomed under his leadership. Surprisingly, the Swans won most of their remaining games that year (six of their last ten), and the fans soon let it be known who they wanted as coach by reviving the famous "Roooos" call. Despite this, the club administration continued their talks with Wallace (and perhaps others). Finally however, they were unable to ignore the players' own support for Roos, when, after a win in the last game of the year against Richmond, all the players surrounded Roos on the field and, unprecedentedly, themselves joined in the "Roooos" call. The administrators knew when they were beaten, and appointed Roos as full-time senior coach for the 2003 season (despite reportedly having to pay Wallace a considerable amount to unwind their almost-concluded deal with him).
Under Roos' coaching, Sydney Swans participated in every finals series between 2003 and 2008. They made it to the preliminary final stage in 2003, the semi-final stage in 2004, won the Premiership in 2005 and almost retained it in 2006, losing the Grand Final by only one point, and then got eliminated in the first week of the 2007 finals. They made it to the second week of the 2008 finals. But 2009 was the second time under Roos' leadership that they didn't make the finals.
Roos also implemented a policy of giving up first round draft picks in exchange for players from other clubs: namely, Darren Jolly, Ted Richards, Peter Everitt, Martin Mattner, Rhyce Shaw and Shane Mumford in the years 2004–2009 inclusive. all of whom earned more game-time than they did at their original clubs; this policy paying off for Paul Roos.
In 2005, Roos' coaching style was criticised by AFL CEO Andrew Demetriou, who referred to the Swans' defensive and negative style of play (presumably the tactics of flooding, and retaining possession through short chip kicks). Demetriou even went so far as to claim that the Swans would never win a premiership playing such an unattractive style of football. As a result of Demetriou's criticisms, the Swans were labelled by the media, especially in Melbourne, as the ugly ducklings.
Roos and his Swans were criticised for their game plan in a match against in mid-2005. This led to the media, led by Andrew Demetriou and the Network Ten commentary team, led by Stephen Quartermain, Tim Lane and Robert Walls describing their game plan as "disgusting" and "ugly". The Swans misbehaved during the match, and lost the match 15.11 (101) – 8.10 (58), a result which proved to be the turning point in the Swans' season, only losing three more matches (by single margins) for the rest of the year. Roos and the Swans would however have the last laugh as they defeated the Saints in the preliminary final with a 15.6 (96) – 9.11 (65) win, denying them a shot at their second premiership. Coincidentally, in the 2005 AFL Grand Final, the Sydney Swans under Roos, would also kick 8.10 (58), this time defeating the West Coast Eagles which scored 7.12 (54) to win the premiership.
Roos proved his critics wrong by leading the Swans to their first premiership in 72 years, with a hard-fought win against the West Coast Eagles in the most thrilling Grand Final for a number of years. Many believe that the AFL's change of rules for the 2006 season was in direct response to the Swans' style of play, but this was later denied by the AFL.
In the 2006 pre-season, Roos briefly returned to the US with his Swans side for an exhibition match against the Kangaroos at UCLA, and suggested that this should become an annual event.
Things became serious when the Swans lost at home to the rampant Adelaide Crows by 39 points, 15.11 (101) to 8.14 (62). Roos cited a lack of hunger and even went so far as to say that his team was "clearly incapable of winning the premiership", but the Sydney Swans under Roos managed to reach the 2006 AFL Grand Final against the West Coast Eagles, losing by one point.
In Round 12, 2007, Sydney faced , and lost in a game that Roos described as the worst game he had ever coached in his five-year stint at the Swans. He responded by dropping star forward Barry Hall, who had been struggling with injury.
Roos also accused of tanking to gain a third successive priority draft pick when the Blues lost its final 11 matches of the regular season, most by lopsided margins (which ultimately led to the sacking of his Carlton counterpart Denis Pagan). This included a 62-point pasting from Roos' Swans in Round 15, the penultimate round before Pagan was sacked.
In early 2008, Roos was alleged to have been in the centre of a match-fixing controversy involving wingman Jarrad McVeigh. His alleged instructions to McVeigh was to "go forward, just don't kick a goal" during the final stages of the Swans' NAB Cup match against , which the Swans lost by two points. Roos was cleared of any wrongdoing by the AFL one month later, as it turned out to be a joke regarding McVeigh's poor accuracy during the 2007 AFL season.
He also coached from the bench in the first match of the 2008 season in which his Swans were beaten by St Kilda in a tight match.
In 2008, the Swans under Roos made the finals in 6th position and then made a terrific 35 point come-from-behind win against the North Melbourne Kangaroos in the elimination final.
The 2009 season, turned out to be Roos' worst ever season at the Swans, and the Swans' worst season since 1995, when it failed to make the finals, winning only eight games (five of which came in the first nine rounds of the season) and finishing in 12th position. At the end of the 2009 season, Roos announced that he would retire and step down as senior coach of Sydney Swans at the end of the 2010 season.
Roos coached out the 2010 AFL season where the Sydney Swans returned to the finals after last year's absence from the finals. They defeated by five points in its home elimination final but the following week were eliminated by the in the second week of the finals by the same margin. He retired at the end of the season and was replaced by assistant coach John Longmire in a succession plan. In all he coached 202 games for Sydney, including 16 finals, 9 of which were won.
Melbourne Football Club
On 6 September 2013, Roos was appointed senior coach of the Melbourne Football Club on a two-year contract, with the option of a third year. Roos replaced Melbourne Football Club caretaker senior coach Neil Craig, who replaced Mark Neeld, after Neeld was sacked in the middle of the 2013 season. On 28 July 2014, Roos signed on for the third year.
He has been accredited for helping the Demons improve their fortunes on the field; the club under Roos in his first season as Melbourne Demons Football Club senior coach in the 2014 season won four games for the season and eighteen losses, where they finished seventeenth, which is the second-last placed position on the ladder. However this doubled their total tally from the previous season, and its percentage improved from 54.07% in 2013 to 68.04% in 2014. He also delivered on the promise of the club being "the hardest to play against",. However, in Round 21, 2014, Roos and the Demons came under fire after suffering a 64-point defeat to an injury-hit side which could only operate a one-man bench in the entire second half.
In the 2015 season, Melbourne Demons under Roos finished in thirteenth place on the ladder with seven wins and fifteen losses. In the 2016 season, Melbourne Demons under Roos finished in eleventh place on the ladder with ten wins and twelve losses.
Roos stepped down as Melbourne Football Club senior coach at the end of the 2016 season and was replaced by assistant coach Simon Goodwin in a succession plan.
Media work
After retiring from coaching at AFL level, Roos was appointed head coach of the QBE Sydney Swans Academy, he is the main leader of the academy which has over 300 players. In addition, he had several football-related media roles, including writing for the Herald Sun and doing match day analysis for Fox Footy. He also hosted On the Couch on Fox Footy alongside Gerard Healy and Mike Sheahan between 2011 and 2013. Following his tenure as Melbourne coach, in November 2016 Roos joined radio station Triple M in a special comments role as well as returning to Fox Footy as an expert commentator both positions he retains.
Prior to being appointed as the senior coach of the Melbourne Demons in 2013, Roos was reluctant to coach another club after leaving the Sydney Swans. Despite informal inquiries from other clubs like , , , , , and the successor to his old club Fitzroy, the Brisbane Lions, Roos had repeatedly insisted he has no intention of coaching another AFL club
Roos was critical of the substitute rule which was introduced by the AFL in 2011, claiming that the rule, which aimed to lessen injuries resulting from collisions, could have the opposite effect of forcing injured players to stay on the field:
The thing that concerns me the most is you can interchange a guy in the third quarter so he comes off, can't come back on again, and you get an injury in the last quarter of the game and you've got a healthy player sitting on the bench doing nothing and an unhealthy player still in your rotations. That really, really concerns me.
Statistics
Playing statistics
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1982
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 13 || 26 || 15 || 66 || 34 || 100 || 31 || || 2.0 || 1.2|| 5.1 || 2.6 || 7.7 || 2.4 || || 0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1983
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 23 || 22 || 19 || 235 || 140 || 375 || 111 || || 1.0 || 0.8 || 10.2 || 6.1 || 16.3 || 4.8 || || 3
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1984
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 22 || 10 || 10 || 283 || 118 || 401 || 129 || || 0.5 || 0.5 || 12.9 || 5.4 || 18.2 || 5.9 || || 6
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1985
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 22 || 3 || 1 || 328 || 139 || 467 || 153 || || 0.1 || 0.0 || 14.9 || 6.3 || 21.2 || 7.0 || || 16
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1986
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 24 || 5 || 3 || 371 || 158 || 529 || 150 || || 0.2 || 0.1 || 15.5 || 6.6 || 22.0 || 6.3 || || 16
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1987
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 21 || 29 || 17 || 300 || 132 || 432 || 169 || 16 || 1.4 || 0.8 || 14.3 || 6.3 || 20.6 || bgcolor="DD6E81"| 8.0 || 0.8 || 10
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1988
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 20 || 30 || 21 || 278 || 128 || 406 || 149 || 26 || 1.5 || 1.1 || 13.9 || 6.4 || 20.3 || 7.5 || 1.3 || 4
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1989
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 20 || 36 || 16 || 308 || 76 || 384 || 140 || 19 || 1.8 || 0.8 || 15.4 || 3.8 || 19.2 || 7.0 || 1.0 || 8
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1990
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 22 || 49 || 38 || 280 || 97 || 377 || 137 || 16 || 2.2 || 1.7 || 12.7 || 4.4 || 17.1 || 6.2 || 0.7 || 3
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1991
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 22 || 21 || 18 || 288 || 173 || 461 || 123 || 18 || 1.0 || 0.8 || 13.1 || 7.9 || 21.0 || 5.6 || 0.8 || 11
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1992
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 22 || 17 || 9 || 388 || 143 || 531 || 149 || 28 || 0.8 || 0.4 || 17.6 || 6.5 || 24.1 || 6.8 || 1.3 || 10
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1993
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 16 || 8 || 13 || 223 || 141 || 364 || 109 || 28 || 0.5 || 0.8 || 13.9 || 8.8 || 22.8 || 6.8 || 1.8 || 5
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1994
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 22 || 14 || 11 || 316 || 207 || 523 || 141 || 33 || 0.6 || 0.5 || 14.4 || 9.4 || 23.8 || 6.4 || 1.5 || 6
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1995
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 21 || 7 || 13 || 234 || 187 || 421 || 113 || 14 || 0.3 || 0.6 || 11.1 || 8.9 || 20.0 || 5.4 || 0.7 || 2
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1996
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 24 || 4 || 5 || 276 || 204 || 480 || 156 || 24 || 0.2 || 0.2 || 11.5 || 8.5 || 20.0 || 6.5 || 1.0 || 14
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1997
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 21 || 6 || 3 || 240 || 158 || 398 || 98 || 15 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 11.4 || 7.5 || 19.0 || 4.7 || 0.7 || 7
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1998
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 1 || 21 || 2 || 4 || 174 || 174 || 348 || 82 || 25 || 0.1 || 0.2 || 8.3 || 8.3 || 16.6 || 3.9 || 1.2 || 0
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 356
! 289
! 216
! 4588
! 2409
! 6997
! 2140
! 262
! 0.8
! 0.6
! 12.9
! 6.8
! 19.7
! 6.0
! 1.0
! 121
|}
Coaching statistics
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2002
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 10 || 6 || 4 || 0 || 60.0% || 11 || 16
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2003
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 24 || 15 || 9 || 0 || 62.5% || 4 || 16
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2004
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 24 || 14 || 10 || 0 || 58.3% || 6 || 16
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2005
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 26 || 18 || 8 || 0 || 69.2% || 3 || 16
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2006
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 25 || 16 || 9 || 0 || 64.0% || 4 || 16
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2007
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 23 || 12 || 10 || 1 || 54.3% || 7 || 16
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2008
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 24 || 13 || 10 || 1 || 56.3% || 6 || 16
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2009
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 22 || 8 || 14 || 0 || 36.4% || 12 || 16
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2010
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 24 || 14 || 10 || 0 || 58.3% || 5 || 16
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2014
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 22 || 4 || 18 || 0 || 18.2% || 17 || 18
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2015
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 22 || 7 || 15 || 0 || 31.8% || 13 || 18
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal" | 2016
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 22 || 10 || 12 || 0 || 45.5% || 11 || 18
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=2| Career totals
! 268
! 137
! 129
! 2
! 51.5%
! colspan=2|
|}
Honours and achievements
Playing honours
Teams
McClelland Trophy (Sydney): 1996
Individual
Leigh Matthews Trophy (AFLPA MVP Award): 1986
All-Australian: 1985, 1987, 1988, 1991 (C), 1992 (C), 1996, 1997
AFLPA Best Captain Award: 1992
Australian Football Media Association Player of the Year Award: 1986
Mitchell Medal (Fitzroy F.C. B&F): 1985, 1986, 1991, 1992, 1994
Fitzroy F.C. Leading Goalkicker: 1990
Fitzroy Football Club Captain: 1988–1990, 1992–1994
Fitzroy F.C. Team of the Century – Centre Half Back
Australian Football Hall of Fame inductee: 2005
Brisbane Lions Hall of Fame Inductee: 2012
Coaching honours
Teams
AFL Premiership (Sydney): 2005
Individual
Jock McHale Medal: 2005
All-Australian: 2005
Personal life
In 1992, Roos married American native Tami Hardy, a meditation teacher from San Diego. They have two sons, Dylan and Tyler, the latter of whom appeared on The Amazing Race Australia in 2019 and is currently dating American tennis player Amanda Anisimova.
In September 2003, Roos ruptured his Achilles tendon during a game of social basketball, and was seen on crutches during the Swans' qualifying final win over Port Adelaide at AAMI Stadium the following weekend.
In 2008 he was named Australian Father of the Year in recognition of his ability to balance the needs of his family with the responsibilities of managing a high-profile sports team.
References
Bibliography
External links
Paul Roo's profile and statistics from AustralianFootball.com
Paul Roos Official Paul Roos Website
Brisbane Lions Hall of Fame induction video at Youtube
Australian rules footballers from Melbourne
All-Australians (1953–1988)
All-Australian coaches
Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Sydney Swans coaches
Sydney Swans premiership coaches
Fitzroy Football Club players
Place of birth missing (living people)
Leigh Matthews Trophy winners
Sydney Swans players
Victorian State of Origin players
Mitchell Medal winners
All-Australians (AFL)
Melbourne Football Club coaches
1963 births
Living people
E. J. Whitten Medal winners
Australia international rules football team players
VFL/AFL premiership coaches
People from Donvale, Victoria |
U.S. Highway 1 (US 1) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway which runs along the East Coast of the U.S. between Key West, Florida, and the Canada–United States border near Fort Kent, Maine. In North Carolina, US 1 runs for across the central region of the state. The highway enters North Carolina from South Carolina, southwest of Rockingham. US 1 runs northeast, passing through or closely bypassing Southern Pines and Sanford in the Sandhills region. It next passes through Cary, the state capital of Raleigh, and Wake Forest. The highway continues north to Henderson, before leaving the state at the Virginia state line, near Wise. The route is mostly a multilane divided arterial road, with several freeway segments. It serves as a strategic highway, connecting the North Carolina Sandhills and Research Triangle regions northward to the Southside region.
Route description
South Carolina to Southern Pines
US 1 enters North Carolina from South Carolina as a two-lane road in a rural area of Richmond County about south of Rockingham. For the first few miles of its route, it travels through a mix of forests and agricultural areas. Later, It has an interchange with the I-74/US 74 at the edge of the community of East Rockingham; north of the interchange the road widens to a five-lane boulevard. Upon entering the city of Rockingham, it becomes a short expressway, where it meets the southern end of US 220. After the US 220 intersection, it returns to boulevard grade before narrowing to a two-lane city street known as Hancock Street into downtown Rockingham and then follows a series of paired one-way streets before continuing north along Fayetteville Road eastward out of Rockingham city limits. Once leaving Rockingham, the road continues as a two-lane road traveling east-northeast, with occasional wider sections with a center turning lane. Passing Rockingham Speedway, the road widens to a divided expressway (two lanes in each direction) and meets the northern end of North Carolina Highway 177 (NC 177). After passing through the town of Hoffman as a five-lane boulevard with a center turn lane, US 1 enters Moore County.
Southern Pines to Raleigh
Near the Moore County line, US 1 becomes a four-lane divided expressway, with five-lane boulevard segments in Pinebluff, Aberdeen, and the southern part of Southern Pines. Within Aberdeen, the route forms a concurrency with US 15/US 501/NC 211. US 1 follows a partially controlled-access expressway though Southern Pines, bypassing the downtown area. After North May Street, it becomes a brief four-lane arterial before returning to a partially controlled-access expressway after Aiken Road. It bypasses the small towns of Vass and Cameron, where it crosses NC 690 and NC 27, respectively. Crossing into Lee County, it merges with US 15/US 501 a second time just south of the community of Tramway.
Through Tramway, the route transitions to a four-lane undivided boulevard and then becomes a freeway bypassing Sanford. The route will remain a freeway through to the north side of Raleigh. Outside of Sanford, US 1/US 15/US 501 briefly run concurrent with NC 87 and then intersect US 421, which provides access to Lillington and Wilmington southbound and Greensboro and Winston-Salem northbound. US 1 then splits from US 15/US 501 and NC 87, which go to the downtown area of Sanford with US 1 Business (US 1 Bus.) following US 1's original route with them. Passing by the Chatham County community of Moncure, it enters Wake County and passes near the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant and Harris Lake. Passing between Apex to the north and Holly Springs to the south, the route has an interchange with NC 540 (Triangle Expressway) and merges with US 64 as it crosses into Cary. At the Raleigh–Cary line, near the Crossroads Plaza shopping center, it has an interchange with I-40 and begins an concurrency with I-440 along the Raleigh Beltline. Along the beltline, there are interchanges with NC 54, Wade Avenue, US 70/NC 50 (Glenwood Avenue), and several other local Raleigh thoroughfares.
Raleigh to Virginia
North of Raleigh, US 1 leaves the I-440 beltline to join Capital Boulevard and US 401, a major commercial thoroughfare through northeast Raleigh. US 401 leaves US 1 to follow Louisburg Road, and US 1 continues past the Triangle Town Center shopping mall and I-540. The section from I-440 to I-540 is mostly six lanes wide with a median though with numerous business entrances and cross streets. Upon reaching Wake Forest, the road becomes an expressway with partial limited access, including interchanges with NC 98 and NC 98 Bus. It then passes Youngsville as it enters Franklin County. There is an intersection with NC 96 and then, in Franklinton, an interchange with NC 56. Upon entering Vance County, US 1 passes through the small town of Kittrell and becomes a freeway bypass around the city of Henderson, with US 1 Bus. following a prior routing through Henderson itself. After an interchange with NC 39 and several local roads, the freeway merges with I-85, though US 1 leaves the freeway immediately before this and joins US 158 as a two-lane rural road, paralleling I-85. There is a second interchange with I-85 near Middleburg, before US 1 enters Warren County, and, in the town of Norlina, US 158 leaves US 1, while US 401 joins it for a second time. US 1 turns from the northeast to a more northerly route, passes through the community of Wise, and has a third interchange with I-85 where US 401 has its northern terminus. Shortly thereafter, US 1 crosses into Virginia near the Lake Gaston community of Palmer Springs.
Alternate names
Though the highway is commonly known as "Highway 1" or "US 1" throughout the state, the highway does have other known names it uses locally in areas.
Capital Boulevard – Road name from I-440 north to the Franklin County line.
Claude E. Pope Memorial Highway – Official North Carolina name of US 1, from I-40 in Cary south to the Chatham County line.
Cliff Benson Beltline – Road name of Raleigh northern inner-beltline, cosigned with I-440.
H. Clifton Blue Memorial Boulevard – Official North Carolina name of US 1 through Southern Pines.
Jefferson Davis Highway – Road name in Lee County, approved in 1959 by county resolution at the request of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).
History
The general route of US 1 in North Carolina was first part of the Capital Highway, an auto trail organized in 1909 to encourage counties along the route to improve the road between Washington DC and Atlanta, Georgia. It differed from US 1 north of Norlina, where it ran via Emporia, Virginia, and Roanoke Rapids and between Southern Pines and Rockingham, where a route via Pinehurst—where the association's president lived—was followed. The Quebec–Miami International Highway, organized in 1911 and renamed the Atlantic Highway in 1915, also followed this corridor, overlapping many parts of the Capital Highway. It initially followed even less of US 1 than the Capital Highway, only taking the same route between Raleigh and Cameron and south of Rockingham, but was modified to match the Capital Highway by 1920.
In 1922, the route was designated as NC 50, from the South Carolina state line to Roanoke Rapids. In 1923, the route from Norlina to Roanoke Rapids was renumbered as NC 48; redirecting NC 50 north to Virginia and continuing on to South Hill, Virginia, as State Route 122. In 1926, US 1 was established, and it was assigned to overlap all of NC 50; it would be in 1934 when NC 50 was dropped from the route.
Since its establishment, US 1 has not changed its route from the South Carolina state line to Pinebluff. The first change along the route happened in 1930 in Raleigh, where minor road changes were done in the downtown area. In 1933, US 1 was moved off Rocky Fork Church Road near Tramway onto new road to the west. Between 1937 and 1944, US 1 was rerouted in Aberdeen to its current routing and also north of Wise where US 1 moved onto new road east of Mac Powell Road. In 1948, US 1 was removed from most of Wake Forest Road, in Raleigh, and placed onto Louisburg Road; the old route became US 1A. In 1953, US 1 was placed on a bypass west of Wake Forest, leaving the old route to become US 1A.
Around 1956–1957, several changes along US 1 were made. A new bypass was built west of Sanford, the old route replaced by US 1A (later US 1 Bus.). In Raleigh, US 1 was redirected onto one-way streets, Dawson and McDowell, that connected to a new road called Capital Boulevard, which connected US 1 back onto Louisburg Road; Person Street and Wake Forest Road became secondary roads ever since. Finally, a new super-two bypass was built east of Henderson; which would later become a full freeway between 1991 and 1993.
In 1960, US 1 was placed on a super two, bypassing Moncure. Around 1963, US 1 was placed onto new freeway between Apex (via NC 55) to North Boulevard (today an extension of Capital Boulevard), in north Raleigh. The old route to Hillsborough Road became what is today Salem Street, Old Apex Road, and Chatham Street (via Cary), while the routing through Raleigh became US 1 Bus. (1963–1975). Around 1965, the super two, from Moncure, extended north into Apex. In 1975, the super two, from Moncure, extended south to Sanford, connecting to its bypass. The entire route between Sanford to Apex became a freeway by the mid-1990s.
In 1999, the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) submitted a request to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to designate of US 1 from I-40, in Raleigh, to the future US 421 (Sanford Bypass) interchange, in Sanford as I-140. On April 17, 1999, the request was disapproved by the committee and has since been dropped. I-140 was subsequently designated along the western part of the Wilmington Outer Loop in 2002.
In June 2005, a new freeway bypass was built east of Vass and Cameron; the old route became US 1 Bus.
In 2006, US 1 was widened from six to eight lanes on its concurrency with US 64 in Cary from Tyron Road to just south of the I-40/I-440 interchange; the interchanges with Cary Parkway (exit 99) and Walnut Street (exit 101) were also reconfigured.
Future
NCDOT, in collaboration with the Department of Commerce and the Department of Environmental Quality, has designated US 1 as a Strategic Highway Corridor from I-85 in Henderson to the South Carolina state line. From I-85 to I-540 in Raleigh, US 1 is recommended to be improved to a freeway. From I-540 to I-440 (the Capital Boulevard section in Raleigh) it is recommended be improved to an expressway (nearby freeway I-540 will maintain mobility). From I-440 to south of I-74/US 220 in Richmond County, it is designated as a freeway. South of I-74 to the South Carolina state line, it is designated as an expressway. The Strategic Corridors Initiative is an effort to protect and maximize mobility and connectivity on a core set of highway corridors, while promoting environmental stewardship through maximizing the use of existing facilities to the extent possible, and fostering economic prosperity through the quick and efficient movement of people and goods.
Warren County
US 1 is not designated as Strategic Highway Corridor from the Vance County Line to US 401, as it is a two-lane highway, with mobility being met by nearby I-85. However, the part of US 1 that is concurrent US 401 near I-85 is designated as a boulevard. (US 401 is designated as a boulevard from US 1 in Wake County to I-85). The small section of US 1 from I-85 to the Virginia state line is also not designated. The 2010 Warren County Comprehensive Transportation Plan, which addresses transportation needs to the year 2035, concurs with these recommendations. The plan was adopted by all Warren County municipalities and NCDOT in 2007 and 2008.
Vance County
The Comprehensive Transportation Plan for Vance County, which will address transportation needs to the year 2040, is currently under study. US 1 in Vance County from I-85 to the Warren County line is not designated as a Strategic Highway Corridor, as mobility is served by nearby I-85.
Franklin County
The Franklin County Comprehensive Transportation Plan, which addresses transportation needs to the year 2035, US 1 is recommended to be improved to a four-lane freeway throughout the county. The plan was adopted by all Franklin County Municipalities, the Capital Area Metropolitan Planning Organization, and NCDOT in 2011. Recently, a US 1 Corridor Study, managed by the Capital Area Metropolitan Organization, identified improvements between I-540 in Wake County to US 1A in Franklin County.
Wake County
Recently, a US 1 Corridor Study, managed by the Capital Area Metropolitan Organization, identified improvements between I-540 in Wake County to US 1A in Franklin County.
As part of the widening project of I-40 to relieve the heavy traffic, the I-40/I-440/US 1/US 64 interchange is being redesigned. Construction is expected to begin in 2025 at a cost of $68.8 million.
Chatham County
In 2022, in conjunction with the planned construction of a new VinFast factory near Moncure, NCDOT announced planned improvements to several roads. These changes include rebuilding two interchanges on US 1. Exit 81 will be expanded to accommodate a widened Pea Ridge Road. Exit 84, currently at Old US 1, will be relocated to the nearby New Elam Church Road, which itself will be rerouted at its western end; the two roads and interchanges being used as access points for the new factory. The rebuilt interchanges are expected to be complete in time for a 2027 factory opening date.
Lee County
Based on the 2011 Lee County Comprehensive Transportation Plan, which addresses transportation needs to the year 2035, US 1 is recommended to be improved to a six-lane freeway from Chatham County to the US 15/US 501 split. The remainder to the Moore County line is recommended to be improved to a four-lane freeway. The improvements will increase capacity to address anticipated deficiencies and maintain statewide mobility. The plan was adopted by the county, Sanford, Broadway, and NCDOT in 2008.
Moore County
In 2011, NCDOT, Moore County, and the Triangle Rural Planning Organization started work on a Comprehensive Transportation Plan to plan for future (2040) transportation improvements. State law calls on each municipality to work cooperatively with NCDOT to develop such a plan to serve present and future travel demand. In November 2011, seven public charrettes were held to document local priorities on five transportation areas within the county, including US 1.
Many in the community fear that a US 1 bypass project has been planned even though NCDOT has said repeatedly that there is no US 1 bypass or any other US 1 improvements identified. The strongest opposition of any type of US 1 improvement has come from some area residents, the equestrian community, and some business leaders. It is the aspiration of the opposition to lead towards no-build alternatives. However, since the Comprehensive Transportation Plan is based on 2040 travel demand, it is possible that no-build alternatives may not accommodate 2040 traffic, which may necessitate the need to plan for some type of future improvements.
Moore County Commissioners held a meeting on December 15, 2011, and passed a resolution against a US 1 bypass. Furthermore, the Southern Pines town council voted 4–1 against any US 1 improvements. Southern Pines Town Council member Fred Walden was the only dissenter on a US 1 bypass.
At this time, the cooperative effort to develop a Comprehensive Transportation Plan for Moore County is continuing. The plan, which includes US 1, must address existing and future traffic and balance local priorities with future transportation needs. In a February 2012 meeting with the town of Aberdeen, local officials raised concerns over the improvement of US 1. NCDOT officials stated that there are "no lines on maps for any roads at this point". Also, it was conveyed that without a Comprehensive Transportation Plan, money for future projects may be "adversely affected".
Richmond County
, there has been no opposition for a proposed north–south Rockingham bypass. The widening project from the Moore County line to near NC 177 has been recently completed from a two-lane principal highway to mostly a five-lane road with a small divided section near the Mackall Airfield. US 1 is now four lanes or greater from the US 1/I-85 interchange in Henderson, Vance County. Once US 1 enters South Carolina, there is no intention of widening US 1 to Cheraw and points south to Camden
In December 2012, public hearings have been held in Richmond County for the $260-million (equivalent to $ in ) bypass. The project would begin at NC 177 and rejoin US 1 south of Rockingham by Sandhill Road, near the South Carolina state line.
Junction list
See also
Special routes of U.S. Route 1
North Carolina Bicycle Route 4 - Concurrent with US 1 near Norlina
References
External links
01
1 North Carolina
Transportation in Raleigh, North Carolina
Transportation in Richmond County, North Carolina
Transportation in Moore County, North Carolina
Transportation in Lee County, North Carolina
Transportation in Chatham County, North Carolina
Transportation in Wake County, North Carolina
Transportation in Franklin County, North Carolina
Transportation in Vance County, North Carolina
Transportation in Warren County, North Carolina |
Yaprak (Turkish: Sheet) was a biweekly magazine published in Ankara, Turkey, between 1949 and 1951. It is known for its founder and editor-in-chief Orhan Veli Kanık, a Turkish poet. The title of the magazine was a reference to its format since it was published on a single sheet.
History and profile
Yaprak was established by Orhan Veli Kanık and was first published on 1 January 1949. The magazine was headquartered in Ankara and came out biweekly. Its contributors were leading figures, including Sabahattin Eyüboğlu, Mahmut Dikerdem, Melih Cevdet Anday, Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı. Of them, Mahmut Dikerdem financed the magazine in the initial period. In addition to art-centered articles Yaprak covered social and political articles. It called for the release of Nazım Hikmet Ran who had been in prison. The last issue of the magazine appeared on 1 June 1950. A special issue was published on 1 February 1951 after the death of Orhan Veli Kanık. It produced a total of 29 issues during its lifetime.
The full issues of Yaprak were archived by TUSTAV.
References
1949 establishments in Turkey
1951 disestablishments in Turkey
Biweekly magazines published in Turkey
Defunct magazines published in Turkey
Magazines established in 1949
Magazines disestablished in 1951
Magazines published in Ankara
Turkish-language magazines |
The third series of Ex on the Beach Italy, an Italian television programme, began airing on October 13, 2021 on MTV Italy. It was announced in June 2021 and premiered on October 13 of that same year.
A series of four special episodes that premiered between September 15 and 22 under the name "Ex On The Beach Italia - What Happened Next" was also confirmed, in which everything that happened to them is revealed. to the cast members of the first and second seasons once they returned to everyday life, while on September 29 and October 2 the last two episodes entitled "Ex On The Beach Italia - Casting" were released where it was shown the casting and all cast members.
Cast
Bold indicates original cast member; all other cast were brought into the series as an ex.
Duration of cast
Table Key
Key: = "Cast member" is featured in this episode
Key: = "Cast member" arrives on the beach
Key: = "Cast member" has an ex arrive on the beach
Key: = "Cast member" arrives on the beach and has an ex arrive during the same episode
Key: = "Cast member" leaves the beach
Key: = "Cast member" arrives on the beach and leaves during the same episode
Key: = "Cast member" does not feature in this episode
Episodes
References
External links
Official website
2021 Italian television seasons
01 |
The East Michigan Avenue Historic District is a residential historic district located at 300-321 East Michigan Avenue, 99-103 Maple Street, and 217, 300 and 302 East Henry in Saline, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
The East Michigan Avenue Historic District consists of eighteen houses with nine barns and carriage houses clustered around the distinctive William H. Davenport House, which is individually listed on the National Register. The houses were constructed during the period of 1870-1920, and include architectural styles ranging from Queen Anne and Second Empire to Colonial Revival and Bungalow. The William Davenport house occupies an entire city block along Michigan, with the bulk of the structures in the district facing it.
The houses along Michigan, as well as on the adjacent properties on Maple, are on lots of fairly uniform size, with wide lawns and large setbacks. Several were constructed in a Queen Anne or Colonial Revival style by builder Elwood Rogers, and so there is a uniformity in scale and design. Although all houses in the district are of superior design and quality, the three properties on Henry, behind the Davenport house, are included because of their exceptional value.
The most significant houses in the district are:
Max Fosdick House (303 E. Michigan) Built in 1917–18, this bungalow is an outstanding example because of the integrity of its design. It was built for Max Fosdick, the grandson of local farmers and an employee of Detroit Edison. The house is a -story frame building, with a roof ridge sweeping toward the street to enclose a one-story full-width front porch. A dormer with a porthole window is positioned over the entrance. Brackets support both the dormer and roofline.
Willis M. Fowler House (315 E. Michigan) Built in 1911, this -story frame house was constructed by builder Elwood Rogers for William Fowler, a real estate businessman. It has a hipped roof, projecting gables with fan-shaped windows, and an off-center entrance.
George Seeger House (101 Maple) Built in the early 1900s, this -story Colonial Revival house was also constructed by builder Elwood Rogers for George Seeger, the son of prominent German American farmer Matthias Seeger. The house has a steeply pitched hipped roof with cross gables, a one-story rear extension, and a rounded wraparound porch in the front.
Beverly Davenport House (302 E. Henry) This house was built in 1873, when local businessman William Davenport hired Detroit architect J.J. Smith to design this house for his son, Beverly. Beverly Davenport joined his father's mercantile firm, and was eventually cashier and then president of the Citizens Bank. The house is a -story frame Second Empire structure with a central projecting bay containing a flared gabled roof, squared-off top, and bargeboard trim. It has a mansard roof with porthole dormers and brackets below the eaves.
William H. Davenport House (300 E. Michigan) This house was designed by Detroit architect William Scott and built in 1876 for prominent businessman William Davenport. It is a frame structure with a slate mansard roof and a corner tower. Exterior decoration includes ornate brackets, corbels, lintels, and dormers.
Gallery
References
National Register of Historic Places in Washtenaw County, Michigan
Victorian architecture in Michigan
Colonial Revival architecture in Michigan
1985 establishments in Michigan |
China competed in the 2006 Asian Games held in Doha, Qatar from December 1, 2006 to December 15, 2006. The team is composed of athletes from People's Republic of China only – each of China's two special administrative regions had its own team (with the designations 'Hong Kong, China' and 'Macau, China', respectively). China topped again the medal tally with 166 gold medals.
Participation details
Boxing
China was represented by 10 amateur boxing athletes competing for the 11 gold medals at stake in this edition of the Asiad. Half of the entry list qualified for the semifinal bouts.
Entry list
Bantamweight - GU Yu
Light Flyweight - HU Qing
Heavyweight - LI Bin
Welterweight - SILAMU Hanati
Light Welterweight - XIA Wenjie
Featherweight - XIE Long Wang
Flyweight - YANG Bo
Middleweight - ZHANG Jianting
Light Heavyweight - ZHANG Xiaoping
Light Flyweight - ZOU Shimming
Standings
Results
Venue: ASPIRE Hall 5
Legend:
PTS - Points, RSCOS - Referee Stop Contest Outscored, R - Round
See also
China at the Asian Games
China at the Olympics
Sports in China
References
Nations at the 2006 Asian Games
2006
Asian Games |
is a Japanese manga series written by Inujun and illustrated by Namamugi, based on the Seiyū San-Shimai Team Y unit formed by voice actresses Mikoi Sasaki, Aimi, and Ayasa Itō. It has been serialized in Bushiroad's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Bushiroad since January 2021 and has been collected in three tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation by Drive titled Teppen!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Laughing 'til You Cry aired from July to September 2022.
Characters
Young Wai-wai
is a manzai group that represents Kansai region.
Celebri-Tea
is a manzai group that represents Tōkai region.
Akudare Kingdom
is a manzai group that represents Kantō region.
Invaders
is a manzai group that represents Hokkaido area.
Bullet Kunoichi
is a manzai group that represents Kansai area.
Other characters
Media
Manga
The manga series is written by Inujun and illustrated by Namamugi and has been serialized in Bushiroad's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Bushiroad since January 2021. Three tankōbon volumes were released as of July 2022.
Anime
An anime television series adaptation titled Teppen!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Laughing 'til You Cry was announced on January 6, 2022. The series is produced by Drive and directed by Toshinori Watanabe, with Shinji Takamatsu serving as chief director, Jun Kumagai writing and supervising scripts, Yoshiyuko Ōkubo designing the characters, and Technoboys Pulcraft Green-Fund composing the music. It aired from July 2 to September 24, 2022, on Tokyo MX, CTV, SUN, and HTB. The opening theme song is "Teppen— Tengoku ~TOP OF THE LAUGH!!!~" by Teppen— All Stars, a unit composed of the 15 main cast members, while the ending theme song is "Ahatte Teppen" by May'n. Crunchyroll has licensed the series. The series' second episode was postponed from its original airing following the assassination of Shinzo Abe, and instead aired on September 10, 2022. A special episode funded by Minamishimabara City will be produced if funding is successful.
Notes
References
External links
Anime series based on manga
Bushiroad
Crunchyroll anime
Drive (studio)
Shōnen manga
Tokyo MX original programming |
Keenan Maurice Webb (born November 14, 1990), also known as DJ Suede the Remix God (or simply Remix God Suede), is an American hip hop record producer and songwriter.
Early life and career
Keenan Maurice Webb was born on November 14, 1990 in Douglas, Georgia, where he also was raised. He kickstarted his interest in production at the age of 12, working on beats and remixes in his spare time. After graduating college, he gained attention on Vine, achieving a viral post with his remix of an iPhone 6 ringtone, which was shared across numerous social media platforms. Since the first viral remix, Webb has consistently released remix-after-remix, sampling familiar sounds or pop culture references.
Career
Suede peaked at fame in late-2016 and early-2017 when he earned himself three charting Billboard songs, with "You Name It!," a Thanksgiving theme song which sampled vocals from the "Hold My Mule" sermon sung by Pastor Shirley Caesar, and received heavy promotion from Chris Brown to be turned into the #UNameIt challenge, "I Got Skills," a collaboration with the Backpack Kid, Russell Horning, and his most popular, "Cash Me Outside," which spent three weeks on the Hot 100, peaking at number 72. His other notable non-charting songs include a remix of "You About To Lose Yo Job" by Eklectik, in collaboration with IMarkkeyz. The video was originally created by Johnniqua Charles during a video of her being arrested at a nightclub by a security guard. The remix became a popular meme used during 2020 Black Lives Matter movements and the 2020 United States presidential election and was used on a skit on Saturday Night Live to mock Donald Trump's loss to Joe Biden. And a remix of "The F.U.N. Song" from SpongeBob SquarePants, which has amassed over 85 million views on YouTube.
Since going viral, Suede has produced music for YoungBoy Never Broke Again, Young Thug, Migos, 2 Chainz, Megan Thee Stallion, and Juicy J, to name a few.
Discography
Instrumental albums
Charted singles
References
Notes
External links
DJ Suede the Remix God on Genius (website)
DJ Suede the Remix God on YouTube
1990 births
Living people
American hip hop record producers
People from Douglas, Georgia
Record producers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Remixers
Trap musicians |
Daberkow is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Its population in 2021 was 329.
References
Vorpommern-Greifswald |
United Nations Security Council resolution 718, adopted unanimously on 31 October 1991, after recalling resolutions 668 (1990) and 717 (1991), and noting that at the Paris Conference, a political agreement was signed by parties to the situation in Cambodia, the Council authorised the Secretary-General to submit a report on the costs for the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia, prior to its establishment.
The Council welcomed the political agreement, which the four parties decided to create "a system of liberal democracy, on the basis of pluralism." It went on to authorise the Secretary-General to designate a special representative for Cambodia to act on his behalf, welcoming his decision to send a survey mission to the country to prepare plans for implementing the mandate agreed at the Paris Conference. The resolution also called for the co-operation of the Supreme National Council of Cambodia and all parties with the Mission regarding the implementation of the agreements in the political settlement, and for all parties to observe a ceasefire.
The Secretary-General's report was examined in Resolution 745.
See also
List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 701 to 800 (1991–1993)
Modern Cambodia
Transition of the People's Republic of Kampuchea to Cambodia
United Nations Advance Mission in Cambodia
References
External links
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
0718
20th century in Cambodia
Political history of Cambodia
0718
October 1991 events
1991 in Cambodia |
USS Bridgeport (AD-10/ID-3009) was a destroyer tender in the United States Navy during World War I and the years after. She was a twin-screw, steel-hulled passenger and cargo steamship built in 1901 at Vegesack, Germany as SS Breslau of the North German Lloyd line. Breslau was one of the seven ships of the Köln class of ships built for the Bremen to Baltimore and Galveston route.
Interned at New Orleans, Louisiana at the outbreak of World War I, Breslau was seized in 1917 by the United States after her entry into the war and commissioned into the Navy as USS Bridgeport. Originally slated to be a repair ship, she was reclassified as a destroyer tender the following year. Bridgeport completed several transatlantic convoy crossings before she was stationed at Brest, France, where she remained in a support role after the end of World War I. After returning to the United States in November 1919, she spent the next five years along the East Coast and in the Caribbean tending destroyers and conducting training missions. She was decommissioned in November 1924 and placed in reserve at the Boston Navy Yard.
After being struck from the Naval Vessel Register in October 1941, and a brief, unsuccessful attempt at merchant service early in World War II, she was transferred to the War Department for use by the United States Army in November 1942. The ship was selected for employment as a Hague Convention hospital ship and renamed USAHS Larkspur. She made three round trips to the United Kingdom before an extended tour of duty in the Mediterranean.
In January 1946, she was converted into transport ship USAT Bridgeport, destined for returning war brides and other military dependents from overseas. She continued in this role until laid up in the Reserve Fleet at Brunswick, Georgia, in 1947. Bridgeport was sold as surplus in February 1948 and broken up for scrap later that year at Mobile, Alabama.
SS Breslau
Breslau was built in 1901 by the Bremer Vulkan yard at Vegesack for the North German Lloyd line as the fourth of seven ships of the Köln class. The Köln-class ships, all named after German cities, were designed for the Bremen to Baltimore and Galveston route, and were specially fitted for steerage traffic. Though the class was designed with accommodations for 120 cabin-class passengers and up to 1,850 steerage passengers for service from Germany, Breslaus capacity was somewhat lower, with room for 66 cabin-class and 1,660 in steerage. The Köln-class steerage compartments had portholes for better light and ventilation than was typical, and included cabins that housed from four to ten passengers. Köln-class ships were specially designed to carry large freight loads on return voyages to Germany, with holds customized for carrying wheat and cotton.
Breslau was a 7,524-ton steel-hulled vessel built with twin quadruple expansion steam engines that generated and drove twin screws that moved the ship at a pace. Her length as built was with a beam of . She had a single funnel, two masts, was outfitted with an awning deck, and was staffed by 94 to 120 crew members, depending upon the route and season.
After launching on 14 August 1901, Breslau sailed to New York on her maiden voyage on 23 November of that same year. In April 1902, she sailed on the Bremen to Baltimore route for the first time, and in September 1903, added Galveston to her itinerary. In March 1910, the liner was moved to the Bremen–Philadelphia run.
On 20 July 1913, while making an intermediate stop in Hoboken, New Jersey, Breslau was being warped into position when an electrical fire broke out at the pier where she was docking. Breslau made an emergency departure into the Hudson River, during which time the blaze was extinguished. The ship was not damaged and none of the 1,500 passengers aboard were injured in the incident. The ship left for Philadelphia on schedule the next day.
In May 1914, Breslau was shifted to a Bremen to Boston and New Orleans run. She left Bremen on 8 July 1914 for what turned out to be her last voyage for North German Lloyd. She landed at New York on 24 July after stops at Emden and Boston. After continuing on to New Orleans, Breslau was interned there after the German Empire had declared war, entering World War I.
World War I
"Upon the entrance of the United States into World War I, customs officials seized Breslau, but not before her German crew had wrought considerable damage to her machinery. She was assigned Identification Number (Id. No.) 3009, renamed Bridgeport on 9 June 1917, and commissioned on 25 August 1917. Originally intended to be a repair ship, Bridgeport was reclassified as a destroyer tender (AD-10) on 1 March 1918 while under repair in the Boston Navy Yard between 13 September 1917 and 9 March 1918. "During this time, eight 5-inch guns and two machine guns replaced her original battery of four guns."
On 15 April, Bridgeport departed New York for the Azores in company with thirty submarine chasers that formed the convoy; four U.S. Navy and two French tugs were included to provide towing assistance if needed, while and the armed yacht provided an escort; Bridgeport and the replenishment oiler were included to provide support. "The British submarine HMS H-14 rounded out the group and gave it a truly Allied character." "Not long out of port, however, a collision reduced the numbers by two when H-14 collided with Arethusa, necessitating the former's return to Bermuda at the end of a towline astern of tug on 18 April. That same day, Bridgeport coaled tug while underway; on 19 April, she towed the ailing , and, as necessary, the submarine chaser on 24 April and on the day following, proving her versatility."
Reaching Ponta Delgada on the afternoon of 27 April, Bridgeport spent the remainder of April and the first two weeks of May in the Azores. Her log reflects the multi-faceted work of a ship of her type, one that was becoming increasingly important as the U.S. Navy expanded to meet the challenge imposed by a World War. Reflecting the true allied nature of her calling, Bridgeport sent repair parties to several ships three days after her arrival, 30 April, ranging from the American armed yacht Wadena and submarine chaser SC-277 to the Italian steamship Virginia and the French tug Rene. She fitted out her no. 2 motor launch to patrol the anchorage on 11 May, arming it with a machine gun and a depth charge, and two days later issued 100 depth charges to . Underway on the morning of 14 May on the first leg of her homeward voyage, Bridgeport paused briefly at Grassy Bay from 21 to 26 May, and after picking up tug Conestoga and minesweeper on 26 May, ultimately reached New London on 29 May.
Early in June, Bridgeport made a round-trip voyage to Hampton Roads, Virginia, arriving back at New London on 23 June. She took on cargo and got underway on 28 June in a convoy of 18 subchasers and other vessels, bound for Europe by way of Bermuda and the Azores. Throughout the crossing, Bridgeport provided medical assistance and repair work as required.
At 05:13 on 5 August, Bridgeports lookouts spotted Ushant Light. At 06:40, SC-48 sighted a torpedo and sounded a warning. Two minutes later, men on board the tender saw the torpedo wake on Bridgeport'''s port quarter. Orders came down for full left rudder and full speed ahead. Bridgeport swung barely out of harm's way as men on her stern observed the torpedo disappear on the port side and reappear to starboard. It passed five feet astern, barely clearing the rudder. The starboard battery fired one shot in the direction of the torpedo—which broached on the starboard quarter—while the port guns fired in the direction from which the torpedo had come. Meanwhile, two destroyers, with a number of subchasers, hurried toward the spot where the torpedo wake had apparently begun and dropped depth charges. Bridgeport ceased fire and resumed her place in the formation. Through all this activity, no one actually saw the submarine that had fired the torpedo.Bridgeports lookouts later spied what looked like a submarine periscope some distant on the starboard bow. Putting on full right rudder, the ship commenced firing with her starboard battery while four subchasers hurried to the spot. She fired 22 rounds, but apparently to no avail. Bridgeport and her consorts reached Brest shortly afterward.
Designated the "parent ship" for destroyers based there, Bridgeport remained at Brest through the armistice and into the autumn of 1919. Bridgeport was the third such ship sent to French waters, and her arrival in August 1918 freed to attend to urgent repair work in the Gironde River. Bridgeport and not only maintained the various types of patrol craft operating with the patrol force but also supported troop transports and cargo vessels arriving in France.
Interwar period
After the end of hostilities, Bridgeport joined in the salute to President Woodrow Wilson when he arrived at Brest on 13 December 1918 on board the transport .
Underway for England on the afternoon of 15 October 1919, Bridgeport arrived at Portland the following day and remained there until she sailed for New York on 26 October. En route to the United States on 3 November, the destroyer tender spotted the American merchant steamer SS Avondale with her engineering plant disabled, and sent over a repair party. Various machinery components were repaired in the tender's shops as Bridgeports boat shuttled between the two ships carrying parts and workmen. By the following afternoon, Avondale was able to proceed under her own power, and the two ships parted company. Bridgeport reached the New York Navy Yard on 11 November and remained there into 1920.
Attached to Destroyer Squadron 3, Flotilla 2, Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet, Bridgeport departed New York on 6 February for Guantanamo Bay, where the fleet concentrated for winter maneuvers. Underway for Kingston, Jamaica, on 17 February, she remained there until 24 February. During the destroyer force's departure from Kingston, ran aground. Bridgeport stood in to assist her and succeeded in working Dixie out of her predicament. They reached Guantanamo Bay on 26 February. A month later, Bridgeport helped another grounded ship. She left Guantanamo Bay on 26 March bound for Guacanayabo near Manzanillo. On 27 March, the destroyer tender encountered the British merchantman SS Crostafels that had run aground off Ceiba Bank and set about to assist her in getting off the bank. joined in the effort not long thereafter, and together the two American warships had Crostafels afloat again.
After visiting Guacanayabo and Cienfuegos late in March and early in April, Bridgeport moved to Manzanillo and remained nearby until setting sail for New York on 24 April. She arrived at New York on 30 April for several days of upkeep and liberty before moving on to her summer base. On 17 May, she sailed for Newport, Rhode Island, the summer base for the destroyer squadrons, and arrived there the following day to tend the destroyers of Flotilla 2.
Departing Newport on 31 May, Bridgeport arrived at the Boston Navy Yard the next day and remained there through July, undergoing repairs and alterations. During this refit, on 17 July 1920, she received the designation AD-10 when the Navy adopted the alphanumeric system of hull classification and identification. Her battery underwent its third change when her guns were upgraded from the 40-caliber to the 51-caliber model. Bridgeport remained in the yard until 20 August, when she returned to Newport. Back at New York at the end of the month, Bridgeport received orders to join in the rescue effort for submarine that had sunk off the Delaware capes during post-overhaul trials. The destroyer tender left the anchorage off Tompkinsville late on 2 September and reached the scene late the following morning. Bridgeport remained in the vicinity until late the next day when she headed back to New York to reembark some of her crewmen left behind as a result of her hasty departure.Bridgeport sailed for Charleston on 8 September, and reached that port on 14 September to serve the destroyers based there. The ship remained at Charleston into the early part of May 1921 when she sailed for New York, accompanying the fleet's destroyers northward to the Narragansett Bay operating areas. After a visit to New York City from 14 to 31 May 1921, Bridgeport arrived at Newport on 1 June and remained there, tending destroyers, into late September. She then spent the first half of October at the New York Navy Yard. Returning to Charleston on 15 October, Bridgeport worked there into late December, when she returned to the New York Navy Yard for the rest of 1921.
The year 1922 found Bridgeport continuing her service on the East Coast, mostly between Narragansett Bay and Hampton Roads, tending destroyers and assisting in destroyer target practices on the Southern Drill Grounds off the Virginia Capes. She visited the city for which she was named, Bridgeport, Connecticut, between 25 and 30 October. After a busy year's operations, she arrived at the Boston Navy Yard on 21 November 1922 and remained there into January 1923.
Later that month, Bridgeport returned to Cuban waters, and served as reference vessel for torpedo-firing exercises off Manzanillo early in February. After that mission, she transited the Panama Canal on 13 February to take part in Fleet Problem I as a "radio-relay vessel." That assignment occupied her through 21 February, and she entered Panama Bay on 23 February. She lay anchored there through the end of March and was among the ships reviewed by Admiral Robert E. Coontz, the Chief of Naval Operations, and the Honorable Edwin C. Denby, the Secretary of the Navy, who were embarked in the transport at the time. Retransiting the canal on 26 March, Bridgeport returned to Guantanamo Bay on 30 March and then headed northward, returning to Newport on 26 April.
From Narragansett Bay, Bridgeport returned to the Boston Navy Yard for post-deployment upkeep; while moored there, the ship conducted observances that followed the death of President Warren G. Harding on 2 August. Her officers and men assembled on the boat deck, aft, and after the ship's band had played two hymns—"Lead, Kindly Light," and "Nearer, My God, to Thee"—observed a moment of silence before resuming their work.
For the rest of the year, Bridgeport supported the fleet's destroyer forces, interspersing her time at Hampton Roads and on the Southern Drill Grounds with visits to Bridgeport (25 to 28 October) and Baltimore (10 to 11 November). She reached the Philadelphia Navy Yard on 18 November, and remained there through the end of 1923. Underway south on 3 January 1924, Bridgeport paused briefly at Hampton Roads the next day before pushing on toward Panama. She arrived in Chiriquí Lagoon, Panama on 12 January and participated in a search for a lost seaplane from . While there, the destroyer tender also changed the starboard propeller of .
Standing out of Limon Bay, Panama on 25 January, Bridgeport visited Culebra, Puerto Rico, and Kingston, Jamaica, before she served as a reference vessel for torpedo practices being conducted by destroyers off Culebra. She departed Kingston late in April and steamed via Guantanamo Bay to New York. Returning to the Southern Drill Grounds on 20 May, the tender transferred five motor sailors and two motor whaleboats to the minesweeper , for use as tows and umpire boats for the torpedo practices fired by , , and . Bridgeport supported the destroyers' evolutions through mid-June.
The ship visited New York from 20 to 29 June before continuing on to Boston. She reached the Boston Navy Yard on 30 June and was decommissioned there one hour into the afternoon watch on 3 November 1924. Bridgeport remained inactive for almost two decades.
World War IIBridgeport was struck from the Navy List on 2 October 1941, and she was acquired by the Bridgeport Steamship Co. on 2 February 1942 for conversion to merchant service. She proved unsuitable for service as a cargo carrier, and was returned to the government a few months later, when the War Shipping Administration (WSA) took her over on 29 June 1942. The WSA transferred the ship to the War Department in November 1942.
Surveyed and found suitable for conversion to a hospital ship, Bridgeport underwent modernization at the Merrill-Stevens Drydock & Repair Co. in Jacksonville, Florida from September 1943 to August 1944, during which time she was renamed USAHS Larkspur. Her maiden voyage as an Army hospital ship took her from Charleston, South Carolina to the British Isles. After visits to the River Clyde and to Belfast, Northern Ireland, she underwent repairs at Newport, Wales, before sailing for home. The ship reached Charleston on 16 October 1944 with her first group of patients.Larkspur conducted two more voyages to England before she sailed for the Mediterranean where she operated for several months, visiting Oran, Algeria; Marseille, France; and Naples, Italy, among other ports. She then returned to Atlantic waters before being selected for conversion to an Army transport in January 1946. Reclassified as a United States Army Transport (USAT) and resuming operation under her old name, USAT Bridgeport was reconfigured to carry war brides and other military dependents at the Todd Shipyard in Hoboken, New Jersey. She made several voyages between England and the United States in this capacity, operating well into 1947.Bridgeport was delivered to the United States Maritime Commission (USMC) and entered the Reserve Fleet at Brunswick, Georgia on 16 April 1947. In November 1947, the ship was declared surplus by the WSA and stripped of all equipment and wire. Bridgeport'' was sold for scrapping on 13 February 1948 to the H. H. Buncher Co. of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and withdrawn from USMC custody on 1 March 1948. She was dismantled at Mobile, Alabama later that same year.
Awards
World War I Victory Medal with "MOBILE BASE" clasp
American Campaign Medal
European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal
World War II Victory Medal
Army of Occupation Medal with "GERMANY" clasp
Notes
References
External links
Photos of USAHS Larkspur and USAT Bridgeport at the Naval History & Heritage Command website
Ships built in Bremen (state)
1901 ships
Ships of Norddeutscher Lloyd
Repair ships of the United States Navy
World War I auxiliary ships of the United States
Destroyer tenders of the United States Navy
Hospital ships of the United States Army
Transport ships of the United States Army
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Tenders of the United States Navy
Destroyer tenders of the United States
Military in Connecticut
Captured ships
de:Köln-Klasse (NDL) |
Ectoedemia virgulae is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It was described by Annette Frances Braun in 1927. It is known from the United States including Ohio, Maryland and Florida, and in Canada from Ontario and Quebec.
The larvae feed on Corylus americana.
References
Nepticulidae
Moths of North America
Taxa named by Annette Frances Braun
Insects described in 1927 |
East Anglian English is a dialect of English spoken in East Anglia, primarily in or before the mid-20th century. East Anglian English has had a very considerable input into modern Estuary English. However, it has received little attention from the media and is not easily recognised by people from other parts of the United Kingdom. East Anglia is not easily defined and its boundaries are not uniformly agreed upon.
The Fens were traditionally an uninhabited area that was difficult to cross, so there was little dialect contact between the two sides of the Fens.
Linguist Peter Trudgill has identified several sub-dialects, including Norfolk (Broad Norfolk), Suffolk, Essex, Cambridgeshire, and various Fenland dialects.
History
In Jacek Fisiak's and Peter Trudgill's book, East Anglian English, they describe the important influence East Anglian English has had on the development of the English language. In addition to its influence in the Standard English that is known today all around England, there is evidence according to Oxford Dictionary that East Anglian English grammar was heard in North Carolina.
Very little is known about the Anglo-Saxon East Anglian dialect; a Suffolk charter (of Æthelflæd, before 991) is included in . S. L. Bensusan set out to record elements of the East Anglian dialect and records a statement made by a local when she caught him making notes on the sleeve of his shirt: "Whatever you bin makin' them little owd squiggles on y'r cuff fower?" Bensusan replied that he was "writing history". He then recorded her retort: "You dedn't wanter done that. Telly f'r why. When you've got y'r shirt washed there won't be nawthen left. I've never wrote nawthen all me born days, ne yet me husban', an he got all his teeth an' I kin thread me needle without spectacles. Folk don't wanter write in this world, they wanter do a job o' work."
Grammar
Third-person singular zero is the lack of -s in third-person verb conjugations and is considered as the "best-known dialect feature" of East Anglian English. Examples include "she go" or "that say".
Use of the word do with the meaning of or, or else , for example "You better go to bed now, do you’ll be tired in the morning"
That is used in place of central pronoun it, e.g. "that's cloudy", "that's hot out there" and "that book, that's okay, I like it". The final example still uses it, but only when it is the object of a verb. The word that usually denotes it when it is the subject of the clause, so that "it is" becomes "that is" and "it smells funny" becomes "that smell funny". This does not imply emphatic usage as it would in Standard English and indeed sentences such as "When that rain, we get wet", are entirely feasible in the dialect. (Incidentally, it is almost never heard as the first word of a sentence in the speech of a true Norfolk dialect speaker, e.g. "It's a nice day today" is virtually always rendered by "Thass a nice day today".)
Time is used to mean while, for example, "You sit down, time I get dinner ready."
Now can also mean just, i.e. "I am now leaving" also means "I am just leaving".
Some verbs conjugate differently in Norfolk or Suffolk. The past tense of 'show', for example is 'shew', and of the verb to snow, 'snew', swam becomes 'swum'. The past of drive is 'driv'. e.g. 'I driv all the way to Yarmouth, and on the way back that snew.' 'Sang' is always 'sung' ('She sung out of tune'), and 'stank' is always 'stunk' ('After they had mucked out the pigs their clothes stunk'). Many verbs simply have no past tense, and use the present form. e.g. 'Come', 'say' and 'give'. 'When my husband come home, he say he give tuppence for a loaf of bread' meaning 'When he came home, he said, he gave tuppence...'. This even applies to a verb like 'go'. 'Every time they go get the needle out, it moved'. Verbs whose past participles differ from their active past tenses e.g. 'spoken', are mostly ignored in Norfolk. e.g. 'If you were clever you were spoke to more often by the teacher', or 'If I hadn't went up to Mousehold that night'.
The present participle, or ...ing, form of the verb, such as running, writing etc. is mostly rendered in the Middle English form of 'a-runnin, 'a-jumpin etc. 'She's a-robbin' me'.
Vocabulary
– in bed
bishybarnybee – a ladybird
bor – neighbour (or friend) in Norfolk
cor blarst me – "god blast me", when expressing, shock, surprise or exasperation
craze – nag. e.g. he kept crazing me to buy him sweets, or I'd craze her and craze her)
dag – dew
dene – the sandy area by the coast
dew yew keep a throshin – means "carry on with the threshing" on its own in Norfolk but also means goodbye or "take care of yourself"
dickey – donkey; however note that the word 'donkey' appears only to have been in use in English since the late 18th century. The Oxford English Dictionary quotes 'dicky' as one of the alternative slang terms for an ass.)
directly – "as soon as" or "immediately"), as in "Directly they got their money on Friday nights, the women would get the suits out of the pawn shop"
dodman – a term used to refer to a snail
dow – a pigeon
dwile – floorcloth
dudder – shiver or tremble (not necessarily unique to Norfolk, it appears in the OED as dodder)
finish, at the/in the – eventually, as in "he gave it to her at the finish"; or "You might as well have went in the beginning, 'cause you had to go in the finish".)
get on to someone – to tell someone off, as in "They all went quiet, but they never got onto father no more")
gays – the pictures printed on a book or a newspaper
grup – refers to a small trench
guzunder – chamber pot (derived from "goes-under")
hutkin – used for a finger protecter
mawkin – a scarecrow
mawther – local word referring to a girl or young woman
on the huh, on the moo - askew
pit – a pond
push – a boil or pimple
quant – punt pole
ranny – term meaning 'shrew'
sowpig – a woodlouse
staithe – an archaic term still used to reference any landing stage
stroop – the throat
Accent
East Anglian English shows some of the general accent features of South East England, including non-rhoticity (in fact, one of the first English-speaking regions to lose rhoticity); g-dropping; the trap–bath split (though the quality of may be fronter than RP); the foot–strut split (though the quality of , , may be more back and close than that of RP); and widespread glottal reinforcement of stop consonants (so that are pronounced with the glottal closure slightly following the oral closure, so that 'upper' is pronounced as , 'better' as or now commonly , and 'thicker' as ). However, several features also differentiate East Anglian accents.
Vowels
Norfolk smoothing results in a pronunciation of two or three vowel syllables with a single long vowel; for example, 'player' is rather than . Where the suffix '-ing' is preceded by a vowel or diphthong, there is a smoothing effect that results in a single vowel. Thus 'go+ing' is usually pronounced as a single syllable rather than as a two-syllable word ending in , and 'doing' is rather than . This phenomenon is the only one in East Anglia that is spreading, in the 21st century, from north to south (the opposite direction from the typical south-to-north influences coming out of London).
// is a very front vowel , unlike RP or London English where it is a back vowel.
Words containing sounds (as in ) can be more fronted or raised compared against most other English dialects: often, or .
was once used in a particular subset of words (certain closed- and single-syllable words) within the set, such as coat, don't, home, stone, and whole (the final item a homophone with hull: ). This was extremely old-fashioned even by the late 20th century.
Single-syllable words with the vowel spelt 'oo' such as 'roof' and 'hoof' have the vowel to give and respectively.
The toe–tow merger typical of most Modern English dialects may continue to be resisted. The vowel of RP generally has a quality that can be represented as in Norfolk: thus words with the spelling 'oa', 'oe' and 'oCe' such as 'boat', 'toe', 'code' sound to outsiders like 'boot', 'too', 'cood' respectively. An exception is that of words spelt with 'ou', 'ow', 'ol' such as 'soul', 'know', 'told' which have a wider diphthong quite similar to the RP , or even wider . However, the toe-tow merger is indeed well-established in Ipswich (Suffolk) and Colchester (Essex), in the 21st century expanding gradually into Norfolk.
The pane–pain merger typical of most Modern English dialects may continue to be resisted. In the speech of older Norwich residents and in rural East Anglia, the vowel, , is in words spelt with 'ai' or 'ay' such as 'rain' and 'day', but or (similar to 'air') in words spelt 'aCe' such as 'take', 'late'. This has largely given way throughout most of East Anglia to a merger towards .
The near-square merger variably occurs, particularly among the working class, so that the and vowels and sound the same in Norwich. Thus 'beer' and 'bear' sound the same, the vowel quality being . This may be considered to be a related case to that of smoothing.
as in first is pronounced or : . Since the mid-20th century, this very open realisation has largely disappeared, at least in urban East Anglia.
is traditionally , a narrower glide than RP, but since the second half of the 20th century, a backer realisation is favoured, .
Consonants
Yod-dropping occurs after all consonants. Yod-dropping after alveolar consonants () is found in many English accents, and widely in American pronunciation, so that words like "tune", "due", "sue", "new" are pronounced , , , , sounding like "toon", "doo", "soo", "noo". Additionally, in East Anglia, yod-dropping is found after any consonant, and this seems to be a unique regionalism. Therefore, RP is pronounced as Norfolk (where C stands for any consonant). For example, "beautiful", "few", "huge", "accuse" have pronunciations that sound like "bootiful", "foo", "hooge", "akooz". A parallel case involves the vowel of : in RP the word is pronounced with initial , but Norfolk speakers omit the and smoothing results in so that "cure" sounds like "cur".
H-dropping is rarer than in most other parts of England. (However, H-dropping is indeed typical in urban Norwich.)
"Clear L" is possible in all contexts in speakers born before 1920. In contexts where RP pronounces as "dark L" , these older Norfolk speakers have "clear L" so that the sound in 'hill' and 'milk' sounds similar to the clear L heard at the beginning of words such as 'lip'. The process known as L-vocalization (whereby, for example, the in 'hill', 'well', 'help' is pronounced as a back rounded vowel like ) is not as widespread in this accent as elsewhere in Southern England, though it is increasingly prevalent in Suffolk.
Prosody
In addition to the above phonological features, East Anglian English also has a distinct rhythm. This is due to the loss of unstressed syllables associated with East Anglian speakers. There appears to be no agreed framework for describing the prosodic characteristics of different dialects (see Intonation). Writing in 1889, the phonetician Alexander John Ellis began his section on East Anglian speech with these comments:
There does appear to be agreement that the Norfolk accent has a distinctive rhythm due to some stressed vowels being longer than their equivalents in RP and some unstressed vowels being much shorter. Claims that Norfolk speech has intonation with a distinctive "lilt" lack robust empirical evidence.
Norwich accent
In addition to above features, one specific accent is associated with urban Norfolk and namely its largest city, Norwich.
Whereas RP has the rounded vowel in words containing the spellings 'f', 'ff', 'gh' or 'th' (such as 'often', 'off', 'cough', 'trough' and 'cloth'), Norfolk may have as in the vowel of . This is a manifestation of the lot-cloth split.
The vowel of is traditionally realised as an unrounded vowel . However, the rounded RP variant is encroaching even in urban Norwich.
In older Norfolk dialect the spelling 'thr' could be pronounced as and the spelling 'shr' as ; thus 'three' sounds the same as 'tree' and 'shriek' is pronounced as .
Norfolk smoothing (mentioned above) is particularly advanced.
Portrayal
The treatment of the Norfolk dialect in the television drama All the King's Men in 1999 in part prompted the foundation of the Friends of Norfolk Dialect (FOND), a group formed with the aim of preserving and promoting Broad Norfolk.
Arnold Wesker's 1958 play Roots used Norfolk dialect.
During the 1960s, Anglia Television produced a soap opera called "Weavers Green" which used local characters making extensive use of Norfolk dialect. The programme was filmed at the "cul-de-sac" village of Heydon north of Reepham in mid Norfolk.
An example of the Norfolk accent and vocabulary can be heard in the songs by Allan Smethurst, aka The Singing Postman. Smethurst's Norfolk accent is well known from his releases of the 1960s, such as "Hev Yew Gotta Loight Bor?". The Boy John Letters of Sidney Grapes, which were originally published in the Eastern Daily Press, are another valid example of the Norfolk dialect. Beyond simply portrayers of speech and idiom however, Smethurst, and more especially Grapes, record their authentic understanding of mid-20th century Norfolk village life. Grapes' characters, the Boy John, Aunt Agatha, Granfar, and Ole Missus W, perform a literary operetta celebrating down-to-earth ordinariness over bourgeois affectation and pretence.
Charles Dickens had some grasp of the Norfolk accent which he utilised in the speech of the Yarmouth fishermen, Ham and Daniel Peggoty in David Copperfield. Patricia Poussa analyses the speech of these characters in her article Dickens as Sociolinguist. She makes connections between Scandinavian languages and the particular variant of Norfolk dialect spoken in the Flegg area around Great Yarmouth, a place of known Viking settlement. Significantly, the use of 'that' meaning 'it', is used as an example of this apparent connection.
The publication in 2006 by Ethel George (with Carole and Michael Blackwell) of The Seventeenth Child provides a written record of spoken dialect, though in this case of a person brought up inside the city of Norwich. Ethel George was born in 1914, and in 2006 provided the Blackwells with extensive tape-recorded recollections of her childhood as the seventeenth offspring of a relatively poor Norwich family. Carole Blackwell has reproduced a highly literal written rendering of this.
An erudite and comprehensive study of the dialect, by Norfolk native and professor of sociolinguistics Peter Trudgill can be found in his book The Norfolk Dialect (2003), published as part of the 'Norfolk Origins' series by Poppyland Publishing, Cromer.
Notable speakers
Horatio Nelson (1758–1805) – "I am a Norfolk man, and glory in being so"; also said to Captain Hardy "Do you anchor" (an order, not a question, in the Dialect)Martin Robson A History of the Royal Navy: Napoleonic Wars p34
Bernard Matthews (1930–2010) – turkey tycoon
Writers and entertainers
Maurice Wood (1916–2007) – Bishop of Norwich, recorded the gospel in Norfolk dialect
Sidney Grapes (1887–1958) – author of The Boy John Letters''
The Nimmo Twins – comedy duo
Singing Postman – aka Allan Smethurst (1927–2000)
Keith Skipper – former Norfolk broadcaster and dialect expert
Peter Trudgill (b. 1943) – professor of sociolinguistics, author of several books on the Norfolk dialect and currently honorary professor of sociolinguistics at the University of East Anglia
The Kipper Family – exponents of comedy folk, whose traditions are being kept barely alive by Sid Kipper
Ted Snelling – Norfolk dialect expert and narrator of his audio book "Grandfather's Norwich"
Sam Larner (1878–1965) – fisherman and traditional singer
Harry Cox (1885–1971) – farmworker and traditional singer
See also
List of dialects of the English language
References
Bibliography
External links
Sounds Familiar?Listen to examples of regional accents and dialects from across the UK on the British Library's 'Sounds Familiar' website
East Anglian English, Oxford English Dictionary
East Anglian Dialect Poetry, by "Anon", 2006
British English
East Anglia |
The Painter of Berlin A 34 was a vase painter during the pioneering period of Attic black-figure pottery. His real name is unknown, his conventional name derived from his name vase in the Antikensammlung Berlin. He is the first individual vase painter of the style in Athens recognised by scholarship. His works are dated to circa 630 BC. Two of his vases were discovered in Aegina. Since the 19th century, those pieces were on display in Berlin, but they disappeared or were destroyed during the Second World War.
The artist is considered one of the best representatives of Protoattic vase painting. Following ancient tradition, he executed the faces of his figures as silhouette drawings. Their clothing, as well as decorative rosettes were applied in red and white paint. He used orientalising zigzag patterns and rosettes. On some of his vases, instead of using the conventional silhouette technique, he applied white paint directly onto a black slip base. His ornamentation is uniform and resembles contemporary Corinthian vases. His activity probably ceased by 620 BC, as no further vases by him are known. Although he is generally considered a pioneer, the breakthrough of the black-figure technique in Athens was probably achieved only by his successors.
The human figures by the Painter of Berlin A 34 are within the pre-black figure (Geometric and Orientalising) vase-painting traditions, but his animals are strongly influenced by contemporary works from Corinth, although they appear more stiff and strict. His name vase, Berlin A 34, depicts a procession of several women, which is why he was initially also called the Women Painter, a conventional name now given to an Attic painter of the red-figure style.
Works
Berlin, Antikensammlung
Krater A 34
Athens, Kerameikos-Museum
Krater 130; Skyphos-Krater 801
Bibliography
John D. Beazley: Attic Black-figure Vase-painters. Oxford 1956, p. 1.
John Boardman: Schwarzfigurige Vasen aus Athen. Ein Handbuch, von Zabern, 4. edn. Mainz 1994 , p. 16.
External links
The name vase
Ancient Greek vase painters
7th-century BC painters |
Laid to Rest is a 2009 American slasher film written and directed by Robert Green Hall. It was followed by a 2011 sequel entitled ChromeSkull: Laid to Rest 2.
Plot
A young woman with amnesia breaks out of a coffin in a funeral home, and dials 911 in the morgue, but accidentally unhooks the telephone while speaking to the operator. The mortician appears, and is impaled by a man equipped with a chrome skull mask, and a shoulder mounted camera. The girl stabs ChromeSkull in the eye, and runs off while he treats his wound. The girl is picked up by Tucker, who takes her home to his wife Cindy, and promises her that they will go to the sheriff's station in the morning, as Tucker's truck is low on gas, and their phone service has been cut off.
ChromeSkull tracks the girl (who has been nicknamed "Princess") to Tucker's house, and kills Cindy. Tucker and Princess escape in Tucker's truck as ChromeSkull deals with Cindy's brother Johnny and his girlfriend, who had come by to check on Cindy. Tucker and Princess seek aid from a recluse named Steven, who uses his computer to email for help, and research ChromeSkull, discovering he is a serial killer whose modus operandi is to send tapes of himself murdering women to the authorities.
The trio go to the police station, and find the sheriff and a deputy dead, and ChromeSkull waiting for them. The group wound ChromeSkull's leg, and drive away, reaching the funeral home. Princess explores the area, and discovers that a nearby barn contains several of ChromeSkull's previous victims. ChromeSkull beheads a still-living captive, knocks Princess out, and places her in a casket. Before ChromeSkull can kill Princess, he is shot by Tucker, who drives away with her and Steven in ChromeSkull's car.
Princess looks at footage on ChromeSkull's camera, which shows he was in league with the mortician, whom he killed due to the man becoming a liability. Princess takes the car while Tucker and Steven are removing bodies from the trunk, and is locked inside by ChromeSkull, who uses his cellphone to take control of the onboard computer as he follows Princess to a convenience store. Via paperwork in the car, Princess finds out ChromeSkull's name is Jesse Cromeans, right before he attacks her.
ChromeSkull prepares to kill Princess, but he is out of tapes for his camera, so he coerces her into going into the store to get one. The clerk sees the threatening messages ChromeSkull is sending Princess through a cellphone, goes out to confront him, and has his head blown off when ChromeSkull turns his own shotgun on him. A customer, Anthony, goes to lock the backdoor, and is decapitated by ChromeSkull. Tucker and Steven reach the store, grab ChromeSkull's suitcase on the way in, and replace the glue he uses to keep his mask on with Cyanoacrylate. ChromeSkull cuts the power, and causes Steven's face to explode by injecting canned tire inflator into his ear. Tucker is stabbed while trying to give Princess enough time to escape with Tommy, the murdered customer's friend.
ChromeSkull locks Tommy out of the building, and traps Princess in a freezer. To taunt Princess, ChromeSkull gives her his camera, which reveals she was a drug addicted prostitute he had picked up, and that she lost her memory when ChromeSkull beat her with a bat. Princess smashes the camera in frustration, and while struggling with ChromeSkull, knocks his mask off. ChromeSkull goes to reaffix his mask, unknowingly using the Cyanoacrylate that Steven had replaced his adhesive with. The chemical melts ChromeSkull's face as he peels his mask off, and as he writhes in agony, Princess bludgeons him with an aluminum bat.
Princess finds her missing persons notice (which Steven had printed off his computer) in Tucker's pocket, who dies of his injury, and leaves with Tommy to Atlanta, after finding out that Anthony was murdered by ChromeSkull. The police arrive, and find the flyer, which Princess had written an explanation on the back of.
Cast
Production
Filming locations
A majority of principal photography occurred in southern Maryland, notably the state-owned, abandoned Crownsville Hospital Center near Annapolis. The crew spent 24 days shooting in April and May 2008. While the above-the-line production team was based out of Los Angeles, a few department heads were locals to DC-Maryland-Virginia, as well as most of the crew. Lead actress/producer Bobi Sue Luther is a native of the area, and was able to use personal connections to secure key locations. The production employed creative methods to save money; for instance, Chromeskull's on-camera vehicle was director Robert Hall's daytime rental car, and the VW Jetta that Princess rides off in at the finish was owned by the production designer.
Cinematography
A majority of the film was shot using a Panasonic AJ-HPX3000 1080p camera system.
Release
Laid to Rest received a limited theatrical run in March 2009. It was released on home video April 21, 2009.
Reception
Dread Central gave the film a four out of five, concluding "Laid to Rest does have some minor issues with pacing at first but really finds its stride about 30 minutes in and just keeps moving along until the very end. What I like here is that Hall was able to create a slasher film with characters we care about but definitely doesn't take anything too seriously either, giving horror fans a movie that's both entertaining and a lot of fun to watch". DVD Talk awarded three out of five, which said that while Laid to Rest "contrives a lot of convenient coincidences to keep the plot rolling" and was "admittedly lacking in logic" it was still "an entertaining 90 minute thrill ride". DVD Verdict also responded well to Laid to Rest, writing that it was "an inventive, sick as all get out thrill-ride" and "an entertaining, engaging slasher movie". Scott Weinberg of Fearnet wrote, "Powerfully gory, peppered with unexpected doses of weird humor, and backed by a colorful cast of familiar faces, Rob Hall's Laid to Rest is hardly the most original or trail-blazing terror tale out there -- but it's an '80s-style throwback piece that gains a lot of mileage out of very little gas."
Sequels
The film has been followed by a sequel titled ChromeSkull: Laid to Rest 2 and has an upcoming prequel in development.
A third film, Laid to Rest: Exhumed was due to start principal photography in December 2017 in northern Alabama. However, as of August 2023, the film has not been mentioned again.
References
External links
2009 films
2009 horror films
2009 independent films
2000s American films
2000s English-language films
American chase films
American independent films
American slasher films
American splatter films
Films about amnesia
Films about prostitution in the United States
Films about snuff films
Films set in Alabama
Films shot in Maryland |
The 2001 Finnish Figure Skating Championships took place between January 6 and 7, 2001 in Mikkeli. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles and women's singles on the senior and junior levels, and pair skating and ice dancing on the junior level. The event was used to help determine the Finnish team to the 2001 European Championships.
Senior results
Men
Ladies
External links
results
Finnish Figure Skating Championships, 2001
Finnish Figure Skating Championships
2001 in Finnish sport |
Dichomeris condaliavorella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by August Busck in 1900. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Florida.
The wingspan is about 16 mm. The basal half of the costal edge of the forewings is brown, the remainder greenish grey, thickly suffused with dark fuscous scales. There are five indistinct dark fuscous spots on the disk, one on fold at one-fourth from the base, one above and one below the fold in the middle of the disk and one above and one below the fold at the end of the disk. The latter is smallest, but darker and more distinct. At the beginning of the costal cilia is a very indistinct, double, transverse, whitish V-shaped line and along the apical edge six or seven small black dots. The hindwings are dark bluish grey with silvery reflections, half transparent and with the veins darker.
The larvae feed on Krugiodendron ferreum. The larva at first stitches together any overlapping leaves of its food plant. Later, it folds over a leaf, and finally pupates in such a folded leaf. The mature larva has a reddish head and green body, with a reddish cervical shield and a green dorsal and subdorsal line.
References
Moths described in 1900
condaliavorella |
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