input string | output dict |
|---|---|
Despite a historically enabling environment for refugees and other forcibly displaced in Chad, the lack of
a specific refugee legal framework has been a longstanding issue. The new 2020 asylum Law contributed
to addressing this vacuum and enhances the existing national institutional framework for the protection
[of ref... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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individuals in the East, Horn, and Great Lakes of Africa region, as well as the millions of stateless people globally,
demonstrating that resolving statelessness is not only a matter of human rights but also of inclusive economic
development.
## **Recommendations**
**1. Develop holistic, long-term policy frameworks... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
This communication contains general information only, and none of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (“DTTL”), its global network of member firms or their related entities (collectively, the “Deloitte organization”) is, by means of this communication, rendering professional advice or services. Before making any decision ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
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}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**REGIONAL REFUGEE EMPLOYMENT RATE BY LEVEL OF**
**LOCAL LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE (2024)**
Employment rate Share of the refugee population (rhs) 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 35% Does not understand Beginner Intermediate Advance... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "The 2024 survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
# **Population** **Data Analysis**
### **Regional Bureau** **for Southern Africa**
**September 2022** | {
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In 2023, the national utilization rate was 0.31 new consultations per inhabitant per year, while in the camps, it
stood at 1.2 new consultations per refugee per year. This indicates that healthcare access is more favourable
in the camps than host populations. The disparity can be attributed partially to improved geogra... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
While the majority of people were able to access health care services, 17% were unable to access needed care across the region. The unmet need was reported highest in Romania (28%), Hungary (22%), and Slovakia (21%).
Regionally, unmet health needs were higher for individuals with chronic illnesses compared to those wi... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
Attempts to access support differed by age, with caregivers of the youngest age group (5–11 years) being the most likely to seek support on their behalf, while older persons less often attempted to access support. In addition, in both 2023 and 2024, there were consistent gender differences in attempts to access support... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**% OF INDIVIDUALS EXPERIENCED HEALTH PROBLEM IN**
**LAST 30 DAYS BY GENDER AND AGE**
Female Male
### **Access to care**
Regionally, of the individuals who experienced health problems 30 days prior to the survey, 83% were able to obtain care, compared to 88% in 2023.
With host countries continuing to implement nece... | {
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"descriptive_data": [],
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calculate from each mine location to each DHS cluster. This is also the distance measure that
we use to create the “mine” dummy, which captures whether the cluster lies within 20 km of a
known gold deposit. Note that we only consider deposits that have been in production at some
point until December 2012.
All house... | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
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work, and the likelihood increases by 5.4 percentage points, which is equal to a 6 percent
increase.
While the directionality of the occupational outcomes is broadly in line with previous results
(Kotsadam and Tolonen, 2016, for 29 African countries, and Benshaul-Tolonen, 2018, for 8
African gold-producing countrie... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "DHS"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Peri, G. (2012). The effect of immigration on productivity: Evidence from US states. Review of Economics and Statistics, 94(1), 348-358.
Peri, G. (2014). Do immigrant workers depress the wages of native workers? IZA World of Labor, 42.
Peri, G. (2016). Immigrants, productivity, and labor markets. Journal of economic ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**4.2** **Health care**
[Article 21 of the Asylum Law](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2091861/645b938a4.pdf) stipulates that every refugee or asylum seeker is entitled to the right to health
under the same conditions as nationals.
During the prescribed period, Chad has developed a new [National Health Development... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
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productivity, which is the part of labour productivity coming from organisational and technological innovations, in a sample of U.S. states in the period 19602006. He finds that a 1 percentage point increase in the shares of immigrants raises labour productivity by 0.9% and TFP by 1.4%. These estimates are causal, as t... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
RESETTLEMENT KEY FIGURES
**Submitted Cases**
1,063 4,497
**Cases** **Case Members**
**Active Cases**
986 4,219
**Case** **Case Members**
**Submitted Cases Member by**
**Country of Submission**
REGIONAL BUREAU FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA
**PERSONS OF CONCERN INVOLVED IN RESETTLEMENT IN SOUTHERN AFRICA**
As of 30 Sept... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
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[Article 24 of the Asylum Law accords refugees a treatment as favourable as possible and, in any event,](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2091861/645b938a4.pdf)
not less favourable than that accorded to aliens generally in the same circumstances, concerning the
acquisition of movable or immovable property, lease cont... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
**SCENARIO 1** **SCENARIO 2** **SCENARIO 3** **SCENARIO 4**
**Low employment**
**conservative**
**productivity**
**High employment**
**conservative**
**productivity**
**Low employment**
**baseline**
**productivity**
**High employment**
**baseline**
**productivity**
The main impact of refugees is in growth ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
In response to the recent arrival from Sudan from mid-April 2023 to the present, humanitarian agencies
acted swiftly to support the government’s request. They coordinated a comprehensive, multisectoral
humanitarian response on the ground under the Refugee Coordination Model previously used during
the inflow of refugees... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
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reach the north of the continent through the Darien jungle or Europe through the French Guyana.
In this context, Brazil plays a crucial regional role and has the potential to offer effective legal and
socio-economic integration opportunities for displaced populations, which will contribute to the
reduction of secondary... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
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Two theories have been put forward in the literature to explain this:
**01.** Immigrants and natives differ in terms
of skills, occupational experiences, contact networks and work tasks.
Hence, they are not in direct competition. Typically, immigrants take on tasks previously performed by natives, who move to higher-v... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
In
2012
the
programme
expanded
to
cover
capacity
building
of
government
officials
and
other
partners
in
relation
to
IDP
and
refugee
protection
and
the
role
and
mandate
of
UNHCR.
Additionally,
support
has
been
provided
by
UNHCR
to
the
Moe
Pwint
... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**2.3** **Institutional framework for refugee management and coordination**
According to Article 38 of the [2020 Asylum Law, the institutional framework for the protection of asylum-](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2091861/645b938a4.pdf)
seekers and refugees remains defined by [Decret n°839/PR/PM/MAT/2011, which e... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
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**1 Introduction**
The mining sector in Africa is growing rapidly and is the main recipient of foreign direct
investment (World Bank 2011). The welfare effects of this sector are not well understood,
although a literature has recently developed around this question. The main contribution of this
paper is to shed li... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Demographic and Health Survey (DHS)"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "geocoded household data sets"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
IT specialists and executives), and 28% of Polish citizens. Their shares increased in the past two years by 3 pp. among Ukrainian refugees and pre-war Ukrainians, 2 pp. among other foreigners, and 1 pp.
among Polish citizens – this data shows that though Ukrainian refugees may be largely employed in the less attractive... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "July-August 2023 MSNA survey"
},
{
"text": "May-June 2024 SEIS survey"
},
{
"text": "SEIS survey"
},
{
"text": "MSNA survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
While Article 28 of the Asylum Law permits refugees also to engage in self-employment, the lack of legally
recognized refugee identity cards is likely to remain a major obstacle to meeting administrative requirements
to open a business and pay the necessary tax.
Information on the number of refugees owning businesses ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Since the beginning of the Russian invasion, the number of Ukrainian workers covered by social security insurance in Poland increased by 126 thousand. The true increase of insured refugees however is larger.
By checking previous insurance status, ZUS identified 228 thousand newly registered insured persons active on 31... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
Shock to labour supply was calibrated to match data of working Ukrainians presented in chapter 2. As we didn’t have data of number of unemployed refugees, we calibrated it that an increase in the number of workers due to an increase in labour supply matched employment data in two variants: lower (around 225 thou.) and ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "National Bank of Ukraine"
},
{
"text": "retail transactions from Ukrainian bank cards"
},
{
"text": "data for private consumption"
},
{
"text": "data for private consump... |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
## **4.** Ukrainian refugees’ skill-job mismatch
##### The disparity between education levels and the jobs performed by Ukrainian refugees indicates their significant over-qualification in comparison to Polish citizens (4.1). Widespread occupati... | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
UNHCR facilitates voluntary repatriation for refugees and asylum seekers who request to return to
their countries of origin, with arrangements often made in close cooperation with IOM through its
Assisted Voluntary Return (AVR) program. During the course of 2023, 95 refugees voluntarily
repatriated from Indonesia, prim... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
THE ROLE OF HOUSING SUPPORT AND EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION IN ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY OF REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE (selling house or land, using degrading sources of income, taking on high-risk or illegal jobs) and crisis-level (reducing essential health and education expenditures, selling productive assets) coping strategies.... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
In terms of economic impact, refugees are treated as a subset of all immigrants.
Economic literature typically categorises immigrants by their country of birth, regardless of their legal status. Although refugees seek new homes out of necessity rather than for economic opportunity, economic research focuses on their em... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
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} |
Refugees (2023) Refugees (2024) Hosts (2023) Overall Male Female With severe psychological distress With a disability Source: Survey data, SAG estimates 64% 67% 63% 57% 86% 96% 92% 72% 49% Technical or Bachelor's Master's Doctoral Vocational 30% Lower secondary or below Source: Survey data, SAG estimates
**11** | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
particularly when they are at risk of refoulement, arrest, and detention.
### **Financial Assistance**
UNHCR assists a small number of extremely vulnerable refugees and asylum seekers with cash support
to help meet basic needs. Together with partners, UNHCR conducts a socio-economic assessment of
cases that have been... | {
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"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
_UNHCR
Discussion
Paper
–15
June
2013_
- Contribute
to
the
CTFMR
efforts
in
documenting,
verifying,
reporting
and
responding
to
grave
child
rights
violations,
including
recruiting
and
using
children
in
armed
conflict.
- Conduct
multi-‐sector
baseline
assessme... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Refugees are vulnerable and at risk of poor health outcomes due to disruptions in access to health care in their country of origin, experiences during their journey, and challenges in settling in a new country. For the Ukrainian refugee population, predominantly comprised of women, children and older persons, access to... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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}
} |
**POPULATION PYRAMID**
Female Male 60+ years old 35-59 18-34 5-17 0-4 (N=19,803) 9% 25% 14% 13% 14% 3% 4% 9% 7% 3% In terms of other demographic characteristics, 6% of individuals self-reported a disability (1,435 individuals out of a sample of 18,679). Among the countries surveyed, Estonia, Hungary, and Poland report... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
As per a recent assessment conducted in 21 Brazilian states, 15% of Venezuelan refugees and
migrants reported having suffered discrimination and stigmatization in the previous 12 months.
Out of these, 80.4% were discriminated because of their nationality, 8.2% for their ethnicity, 5.2%
for their age, 3.5% for having a ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
By refraining from any refugee dispersal policies, Poland and other EU Member States may have improved labour market inclusion. In many European countries refugees are geographically dispersed after arrival to spread the cost of hosting them, ease the stress on the housing market and public services, and to avoid creat... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
this tool. This meeting marked the first
under the leadership of the new cluster
coordinator.
For more information request the
meeting minutes for any cluster member.
**12**
**XVIII. Second Allocation for Ven-**
**ezuela Humanitarian Fund (VHF)**
**The call for proposals for the second**
**allocation of the Ve... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
of refugees from Ukraine find themselves of all refugee households income above of refugees are unemployed, which
**below the poverty line** [4] based on the poverty line **comes from regular work** **starkly contrasts with just a 3%**
reported income - this figure stands at 35% for households **unemployment rate for ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
### Call(s) to Action
The Brazilian state is commendably recognized for its efforts in providing protection to refugees
and other forcibly displaced populations, in line with international, regional, and national legal
frameworks. Brazil stands as a beacon of hope for refugees in the region, demonstrating exemplary
co... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**Refugee employment rates significantly improved in 2024, moving closer to national levels**
Ukrainian refugee employment rates [14] have experienced a sizeable increase from 2023 in most countries, rising by 9 ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data, SAG estimates"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**in the literature is language training.**
Foged et al. (2024) analysed labour market outcomes of language training, placement in strong labour markets, active labour market policies, cutting welfare benefits, and placement in co-ethnic networks that were directed at refugees in Denmark.
Thanks to unusually detailed D... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Danish data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Source: Deloitte own elaboration based on GUS and ZUS data, as well as data for instrumental variables from Public Employment Services Portal and Open Data governmental portal. OLS is the standard Ordinary Least Squares model, IV are Instrumental Variables Two Stage Least Squares models with instrumental variables of t... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "GUS and ZUS data"
},
{
"text": "Public Employment Services Portal"
},
{
"text": "Open Data governmental portal"
},
{
"text": "GUS"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
... |
In this scenario, 19% of Venezuelan households reported being at risk of evictions from rented
housing in the three months prior to their interview, with a higher incidence in Roraima (26%) and
Amazonas (29%), the two states hosting the highest proportion of refugees and other forcibly
displaced people in Brazil. As pe... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Data sources: UNHCR PRIMES, UNHCR Resettlement Statistics Report. For more information or to contribute, please contact UNHCR RBSA DIMA (rsarbdima@unhc
**1,729**
**154**
**57**
**53**
**34**
**13**
**12**
**4**
**3**
**2**
**COD**
**BDI**
**SOM**
**RWA**
**TUR**
**ZAM**
**ETH**
**UGA**
**ANG**
**A... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
### **Access to Territory**
In 2023 and 2024, boats carrying nearly 3,000 Rohingya refugees (the majority of whom are women
and children) have landed in Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia. According to information provided
to UNHCR by the new arrivals, the increase in the number of individuals undertaking the sea journ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland much of the heterogeneity inside of these groups. Every two years, GUS publishes information about the average wages in 128 occupational groups, with the latest data for October 2022 (GUS, 2024a).
When ZUS data is aggregated into these occupationa... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
work in mining, and insignificantly less in agriculture or service and sales. The likelihood that
a man works in mining increases by 11.3 to 12.6 percentage points, which is more than a 400
percent increase in likelihood from the mean value which is 2.8%. For both men and women,
the results are indicative of changes... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Indonesia is host to a relatively small number of refugees and asylum seekers, but they reside over a
wide geographical area in a country of over 17,000 islands. While approximately half of the refugee
population lives in Jakarta and the surrounding areas, the other half is spread throughout the
archipelago. The UNHCR ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The effects on child health are, however, not all positive. We note, particularly, a statistically
significant decrease in weight-for-age, but the other two measures are also negative (panel B of
22 | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Individuals
and
families
often
have
no
means
to
retain
legal
services
and
are
often
unaware
of
their
rights
to
seek
legal
remedies
under
Myanmar
law.
Services,
security
and
the
rule
of
law
are
weak,
and
effective
protection
and
response
mechanism... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The
health
infrastructure
in
the
South-‐East
remains
substantially
underserved
with
a
Committee.
The
Myanmar
Peace
Centre
is
tasked
to
provide
policy
advice
and
strategic
guidance
as
well
as
co-‐ordinating
Government
activities
in
the
key
areas
of:
... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
This paper is a product of the Office of the Chief Economist, Africa Region. It is part of a larger effort by the World
Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world.
Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://econ.worldba... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**02.** Firms recognise changes in the
abundance of skills in the labour force resulting from immigration and adjust their production technologies accordingly. They thereby increase the productivity of these skill groups and themselves (Peri, 2016; Lewis and Peri, 2015; Lewis, 2013; Peri, 2012). This theory is called “... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Our results are consistent with the previous, similar studies. In estimating GDP impacts we take an approach that is most similar to the previous studies of the pre-2022 Ukrainian migrants by NBP economists (Gradzewicz, Jabłonowski, Sasiela, and Żółkiewski, 2021; Strzelecki, Growiec, and Wyszyński, 2022), but unlike th... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
been of 33 % of the funding requested.
According to the 345W reports, 478K
people were impacted until october, which
65% are women and 35% men. 6,479
people with disabilities were reached
during the last period.
**violence**
The states with the higher response
include Tachira, Zulia, Bolivar, and
Miranda. Some... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
In order to compute refugee wages, household net employment income was divided by the total number of working hours reported by all employed members. This figure was then weighted by the total number of working hours and averaged overall all households within a given country (while also respecting poststratification we... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Republic of Moldova’s Household Budget Survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "host population data"
}
]
}
} |
(1.805) (0.039) (0.054) (0.029) (0.021) (0.029) (0.021)
Active 0.007 0.001 0.050** 0.034** -0.032 0.054** -0.023
(1.012) (0.026) (0.024) (0.017) (0.021) (0.026) (0.022)
Observations 9,790 9,790 12,226 12,216 12,227 12,227 12,227
R-squared 0.128 0.180 0.453 0.148 0.208 0.171 0.095
mean of dep var 0.407 14.84 0.565 0.65... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Refugees are not legally permitted to work in Indonesia. UNHCR advocates for refugees to be given
access to livelihoods opportunities and works with partners to create community empowerment and
self-reliance programs that benefit Indonesians and refugees. These programs include vocational
trainings and entrepreneurship... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**employed before their displacement.**
In the SEIS survey, employment rates among refugees aged 18-64 previously employed or self-employed in Ukraine, are 81% and 91% respectively. That is already very high and any further increase would be marginal. On the other hand, those who back in Ukraine managed the household h... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS UNHCR survey"
},
{
"text": "SEIS survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
# Glossary List of charts and tables
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
**GUS** - Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Polish statistical office, also known as Statistics Poland.
**LFS** - Labour Force Survey, Euros... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Multi-Sector Needs Assessment"
},
{
"text": "Socio-Economic Inclusion Survey"
},
{
"text": "MSNA"
},
{
"text": "SEIS"
},
{
"text": "LFS"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [... |
employment, and unemployment rate of natives or other immigrants, except an actual slight positive impact on the wages of native women.
Despite our conservative approach, additional government tax revenues trump the costs of refugee-connected expenditure.
A larger wage pool, higher private consumption, and influx of ca... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The government quickly granted refugees from Ukraine access to the labour market, healthcare, and schooling, facilitating the process of inclusion described in Chapter 2. Considering their psychological stress and needs in terms of child and elderly care, refugees began entering the labour market surprisingly quickly –... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "MultiSector Needs Assessment Poland 2023"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "administrative social security ZUS data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland © UNHCR / Anna Liminowicz Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland Economists have advanced an array of channels through which immigration could be increasing productivity. Macro-level regressions demonstrate that i... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Applying the same strategies to analyze child health and birth outcomes, we find both positive
and negative effects of mining activity. Mining activity appears to marginally reduce the
anthropometric status (short-term malnutrition) of children in mining districts, which could
point to less food security. These resu... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
### **Child health,** **vaccination and** **nutrition**
Timely initiation of breastfeeding (within one hour of delivery) Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months 0-23 153/274 57% months 0-5 15/38 37% months
- Excluding Estonia, Hungary
Breastfeedin... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Substantial progress has been made by Brazil toward implementing the 2019 GRF pledges which
focused on the improvement of the asylum system and the provision of complementary forms of
protection, In 2023, the Government made 10 additional pledges at the GRF, covering the
following topics: improvement and facilitation o... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The approach to data collection in each of the countries included in the report differed depending on the availability of sampling frames and information on the distribution of the refugee population by geographic area and accommodation type. All interviews were conducted face to face. As a probabilistic selection of r... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
**Table 1.** Ukrainian employment rate in EU.
**Employment rate** **Main sectors of employment** **Date** **Source**
**Source:** Deloitte elaboration based on the aggregat... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "DIW Berlin data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The
number
of
UN
organisations
and
international
and
national
NGOs
as
well
as
the
scale
of
humanitarian
and
development
activities
in
the
South-‐East
are
currently
expanding.
At
present
UNHCR
is
reviewing,
together
with
partners,
how
leadership
and
co... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
natives and this gap was largest for men, workers in the highest education level, and nonnaturalized immigrants. This has an important impact on wages, because, as showed in a seminal work by Kleiner and Krueger (2013) and confirmed in several analyses, working in a regulated profession comes with a significant wage pr... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "German data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
the refugee inflow. Before the refugee influx, the share of companies reporting vacancies in the quarterly NBP survey stood at 49% in Q4 2021 – the highest level on record. This helps to explain the relative ease of the refugees' labour market inclusion in terms of employment rates.
After refugee inflow, the share of f... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "quarterly NBP survey"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The number of workers with Ukrainian citizenship since the beginning of the full-scale war in Ukraine grew in all NACE [21] sectors apart from transportation and storage. Since 2021, just before the escalation of war in 2022 in Ukraine, the number of workers with Ukrainian citizenship and social security insurance grew... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
3. Economic Opportunities
In accordance with Article 28 of the 2020 Asylum Law, the restrictions on the employment of foreigners,
including the prerequisite of obtaining a work permit, should be considered not applicable to refugees.
However, Decree No. 96-189 PR/MFPT, still requiring approval from the National Office... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
**XII. Focal Group Discussions**
**with LGBTIQ+ Organizations for**
**Thematic Protection Analysis**
**Update (PAU)**
**In view of the preparation of a the-**
**matic Protection Analysis Update**
**(PAU) on the protection situation of**
**LGBTQI+ person... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**more productive.** Firms adjust their production technologies
to the skill-mix prevalent in the economy, e.g., to the growing number of labour force with tertiary education (Acemoglu, 2002). Similarly, when immigrants arrive and make certain skills more prevalent in the labour force, firms adjust thus making the whol... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
THE ROLE OF HOUSING SUPPORT AND EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION IN ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY OF REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
**SHARE OF HOUSEHOLDS BELOW THE POVERTY LINE BY**
**GENDER OF ADULTS, %**
Female with children Mixed without children Female without children Mixed with children Male without children 56% 48% 40% 37% 32% Female... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
# **4.** Unaccounted positive externalities
##### Macroeconomic modelling underestimates the positive economic impacts of immigration, compared to econometric estimates.
**Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The cost of care and language are still barriers among those seeking care, and regionally, when compared to 2023, the proportion of those who reported experiencing cost barriers has increased, while it has not changed for language barriers. In Romania where unmet needs are the highest, cost and language barriers were t... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
fastgini [15] in STATA). We do this for both the cluster and district level. None of the effects of
mining are statistically significant, but they point to increased asset wealth.
**Table 9 OLS estimates for wealth and inequality in the DHS individual-level analysis**
Wealth Gini
wealth cluster district
index level... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "wealth score provided by DHS"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
THE ROLE OF HOUSING SUPPORT AND EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION IN ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY OF REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
### **Background**
Over two years have elapsed since the start of the full-scale war in Ukraine leading to a protracted displacement and a humanitarian crisis. The response by the refugee-hosting countries conti... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**There are substantial barriers for**
**those seeking entry into the teaching**
**profession.** There are three career stages
for teachers working in Polish schools: teacher trainee, appointed teacher, and chartered teacher. Three-quarters of teachers in the 2023/2024 school year fell into the last two categories (G... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland © UNHCR / Anna Liminowicz
**Compared to Polish citizens, Ukrainian**
**refugees rarely work in regulated**
**professions** –3.6% of those insured at
ZUS compared to 10.6% of Polish citizens, as of mid-2024. This percentage was higher among pre-... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
_UNHCR
Discussion
Paper
–15
June
2013_
humanitarian
mine
action
programme
with
local
and
international
humanitarian
agencies.
Despite
these
positive
developments
there
are
still
no
activities
related
to
survey
and
clearance,
marking,
or
fencing
being
undert... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
_UNHCR
Discussion
Paper
–15
June
2013_
- Contribute
towards
a
comprehensive
livelihood
support
programme.
As
per
local
needs
and
opportunities,
this
may
include
skills
and
employment
promotion;
support
to
productive
assets
and
community
infrastructure;
enterpri... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Total Population**
**11,735 Individuals**
**(6,548 Cases)**
**Vulnerabilities***
Unaccompanied or
separated child
Woman at risk
Single parent
Child at Risk
Disability
Chronic Illness
**136**
_*One individual may have multiple specific needs_
**2,288**
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
_*Pre-registration data re... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Pre-registration data"
}
]
}
} |
_Figure 4: Labor force participation by gender as a percentage of working age population across 2019 and 2024_
_Source: 2019 Shona socioeconomic survey_ [[8]] _and the authors’ calculation of 2024 survey data._
**Household income**
**Income from business is the primary source of livelihood for the Shona community, f... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE The survey also reviewed household coping mechanisms where households had insufficient funds to meet all basic needs. While more than a third of respondents reported spending their savings to meet basic needs, reducing essential health expenditures (... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**The results are in line with the**
**optimistic scenario from the**
**previous Deloitte (2024) report.** The
current report is different from the one from 2024 in that we account for the positive productivity shock reflected in the labour market data, which further
**The impact of Ukrainian refugees**
**on the Po... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "labour market data"
}
]
}
} |
(5) Total annual regionally adjusted household expenditure (local currency, regionally deflated).
(6) Total food expenditure (nondeflated).
(7) Total housing expenditure (nondeflated).
(8) Total health and education expenditure (nondeflated).
(9) Total household energy expenditure (gas and electricity) (nondeflated).
... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The primary needs identified within the Shona community include access to affordable housing, better integration
into the labor market, financial support for business development, and political representation. External support in
these areas, such as land allocation advocacy, education and skills training programs, a... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Even with the increase in unemployment and lower real wages, an increase in labour force means a higher wage pool, which means higher tax income.
Moreover, boosts in private consumption both due to increase in population as well as higher average spending rates means that refugees increased state income from taxation ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
### **MONITORING THE PROTECTION RESPONSE**
###### Venezuela
### **PERFORMANCE AND FUNDING**
The PC continues to reinforce the impor
tance of reporting, which allows it to
track funding and conduct advocacy.
Throughout the last years the number of
partners that regularly r... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
malnutrition), and weight-for-height (underweight) show that the children living in mining
communities before the mine started operating have the lowest scores of all four groups. The
outcomes seem to improve with mining, although not enough to offset the initial adverse
situation.
To test for exogeneity, we run re... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
# Executive summary
The war in Ukraine, now in its third year, continues to have devastating effects on the Ukrainian population, triggering one of the largest displacement crises in Europe since World War II. As of December 2024, over 6.2 million ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Socio-Economic Insights Survey (SEIS)"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
mortality and night lights (Benshaul-Tolonen, 2019) for gold mining countries in West and East
Africa (including Ghana). The baseline differences in observable characteristics – in particular,
lower levels of economic development preceding the mine opening - indicate that a cross
sectional approach using only the po... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**COUNTRY NATIONALS, %** **[1,2,3,4]**
Host country nationals Ukraine refugees Bulgaria Hungary Poland Romania Slovakia Region
1. The poverty rate is defined as the share of individuals with an
equivalized disposable income that is less than 50% of the host country median 2. Calculations for Moldova were not conducte... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "EU statistics on income and living conditions"
},
{
"text": "OECD indicators"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "consumer price index"
}
]
}
} |
Had to skip a Adults had to meal eat less to feed small children Source: Survey data, SAG estimates
**Employment remains closely associated with significantly lower poverty rates, but size of**
**employment income is key**
Just like in the case of 2023 data, the current survey round suggests a strong link between em... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
A feature of our modelling approach is that the resulting GDP gains are reduced due to increased competition on the labour market, which slightly increases the unemployment rate by 0.18-0.3 pp. in 2023, corresponding to 33-54 thousand additional people being unemployed. This effect also slows down real wage growth by 0... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
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