gem_id stringlengths 21 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 397
values | context stringlengths 151 1.55k | question stringlengths 12 201 | target stringlengths 12 201 | references listlengths 1 1 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-6321 | 5ad2a2f4d7d075001a429d2b | PlayStation_3 | The initial prototype shown in May 2005 featured two HDMI ports, three Ethernet ports and six USB ports; however, when the system was shown again a year later at E3 2006, these were reduced to one HDMI port, one Ethernet port and four USB ports, presumably to cut costs. Two hardware configurations were also announced f... | The initial prototype shown in March 2005 had how many USB ports? | The initial prototype shown in March 2005 had how many USB ports? | [
"The initial prototype shown in March 2005 had how many USB ports?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21527 | 5a65142ac2b11c001a425bed | Sumer | By the time of the Uruk period (c. 4100–2900 BC calibrated), the volume of trade goods transported along the canals and rivers of southern Mesopotamia facilitated the rise of many large, stratified, temple-centered cities (with populations of over 10,000 people) where centralized administrations employed specialized wo... | Who employed many laborers in the cities? | Who employed many laborers in the cities? | [
"Who employed many laborers in the cities?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39584 | 5a8ca3bcfd22b3001a8d8c8b | FA_Cup | The trophy comes in three parts - the cup itself, plus a lid and a base. There have been two designs of trophy in use, but five physical trophies have been presented. The original trophy, known as the "little tin idol", was 18 inches high and made by Martin, Hall & Co. It was stolen in 1895 and never recovered, and so ... | What was the new, larger design known as? | What was the new, larger design known as? | [
"What was the new, larger design known as?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-57052 | 5728ba9d2ca10214002da6a5 | Apollo | As a protector and founder, Apollo had the epithets Alexicacus (/əˌlɛksᵻˈkeɪkəs/ ə-LEK-si-KAY-kəs; Ἀλεξίκακος, Alexikakos, literally "warding off evil"), Apotropaeus (/əˌpɒtrəˈpiːəs/ ə-POT-rə-PEE-əs; Ἀποτρόπαιος, Apotropaios, from ἀποτρέπειν, "to avert"), and Epicurius (/ˌɛpᵻˈkjʊriəs/ EP-i-KEWR-ee-əs; Ἐπικούριος, Epiko... | What world literally means "founder?" | What world literally means "founder?" | [
"What world literally means \"founder?\""
] | {
"text": [
"Archegetes"
],
"answer_start": [
360
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106167 | 5725c25489a1e219009abe05 | Hellenistic_period | The decisive engagement of the war came when Lysimachus invaded and overran much of western Anatolia, but was soon isolated by Antigonus and Demetrius near Ipsus in Phrygia. Seleucus arrived in time to save Lysimachus and utterly crushed Antigonus at the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BCE. Seleucus' war elephants proved decisi... | After Antigonus was killed, what region did Seleucus take over? | After Antigonus was killed, what region did Seleucus take over? | [
"After Antigonus was killed, what region did Seleucus take over?"
] | {
"text": [
"Cilicia"
],
"answer_start": [
523
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-101610 | 56d9a9e3dc89441400fdb6be | Dog | Neutering reduces problems caused by hypersexuality, especially in male dogs. Spayed female dogs are less likely to develop some forms of cancer, affecting mammary glands, ovaries, and other reproductive organs. However, neutering increases the risk of urinary incontinence in female dogs, and prostate cancer in males, ... | What is increased in male dogs with neutering? | What is increased in male dogs with neutering? | [
"What is increased in male dogs with neutering?"
] | {
"text": [
"prostate cancer"
],
"answer_start": [
294
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39393 | 5732672a0fdd8d15006c6a90 | Protestantism | In European countries which were most profoundly influenced by the Reformation, Protestantism still remains the most practiced religion. These include the Nordic countries and the United Kingdom. In other historical Protestant strongholds such as Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia and Hungary, it re... | The Pew Research Center estimated Protestants to be what percentage of Europe's Christian population in 2010? | The Pew Research Center estimated Protestants to be what percentage of Europe's Christian population in 2010? | [
"The Pew Research Center estimated Protestants to be what percentage of Europe's Christian population in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"17.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
985
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14693 | 57303233a23a5019007fcf58 | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Whitehead did not begin his career as a philosopher. In fact, he never had any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education. Early in his life he showed great interest in and respect for philosophy and metaphysics, but it is evident that he considered himself a rank amateur. In one letter to his fri... | What did Whitehead consider himself as a philosopher? | What did Whitehead consider himself as a philosopher? | [
"What did Whitehead consider himself as a philosopher? "
] | {
"text": [
"rank amateur"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33489 | 56f94b2d9b226e1400dd12f9 | List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan | Above 114th Street between Amsterdam Avenue and Morningside Drive, there is a private indoor pedestrian bridge connecting two buildings on the campus of St. Luke's–Roosevelt Hospital Center. | Aove 114th Street is a private pedestrian bridge connecting two buildings from what organization? | Aove 114th Street is a private pedestrian bridge connecting two buildings from what organization? | [
"Aove 114th Street is a private pedestrian bridge connecting two buildings from what organization?"
] | {
"text": [
"St. Luke's–Roosevelt Hospital Center"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1563 | 57317a46497a881900248f60 | Mosaic | The Crusaders in the Holy Land also adopted mosaic decoration under local Byzantine influence. During their 12th-century reconstruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem they complemented the existing Byzantine mosaics with new ones. Almost nothing of them survived except the "Ascension of Christ" in the... | Where is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre located? | Where is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre located? | [
"Where is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre located?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jerusalem"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-13475 | 56e7b94300c9c71400d77562 | Nanjing | The radish is also a typical food representing people of Nanjing, which has been spread through word of mouth as an interesting fact for many years in China. According to Nanjing.GOV.cn, "There is a long history of growing radish in Nanjing especially the southern suburb. In the spring, the radish tastes very juicy and... | Which area has the longest history of growing radish? | Which area has the longest history of growing radish? | [
"Which area has the longest history of growing radish?"
] | {
"text": [
"the southern suburb"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-100515 | 572d0faa2babe914003c29c6 | Post-punk | Post-punk is a heterogeneous type of rock music that emerged in the wake of the punk movement of the 1970s. Drawing inspiration from elements of punk rock while departing from its musical conventions and wider cultural affiliations, post-punk music was marked by varied, experimentalist sensibilities and its "conceptual... | How did post-punk take on rock and roll? | How did post-punk take on rock and roll? | [
"How did post-punk take on rock and roll?"
] | {
"text": [
"conceptual assault"
],
"answer_start": [
310
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-16942 | 5725c61489a1e219009abe74 | Israel | Israel operates under a parliamentary system as a democratic republic with universal suffrage. A member of parliament supported by a parliamentary majority becomes the prime minister—usually this is the chair of the largest party. The prime minister is the head of government and head of the cabinet. Israel is governed ... | Knesset member is based on what? | Knesset member is based on what? | [
"Knesset member is based on what?"
] | {
"text": [
"proportional representation of political parties"
],
"answer_start": [
408
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-104759 | 5733558fd058e614000b5871 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Despite the dominance of the above formula, there are documented attempts of the financial industry, occurring before the crisis, to address the formula limitations, specifically the lack of dependence dynamics and the poor representation of extreme events. The volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas", published... | What did the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas" propose models to rectify? | What did the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas" propose models to rectify? | [
"What did the volume \"Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas\" propose models to rectify?"
] | {
"text": [
"some of the copula limitations"
],
"answer_start": [
478
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-107450 | 5a624428f8d794001af1bf06 | Royal_Dutch_Shell | The name Shell is linked to The "Shell" Transport and Trading Company. In 1833, the founder's father, Marcus Samuel, founded an import business to sell seashells to London collectors. When collecting seashell specimens in the Caspian Sea area in 1892, the younger Samuel realised there was potential in exporting lamp oi... | How long did the younger Samuel collect specimens from the Caspian Sea? | How long did the younger Samuel collect specimens from the Caspian Sea? | [
"How long did the younger Samuel collect specimens from the Caspian Sea?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-57427 | 5a5457bf134fea001a0e173a | Muslim_world | The Solar Hijri calendar, also called the Shamsi Hijri calendar, and abbreviated as SH, is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. It begins on the vernal equinox. Each of the twelve months corresponds with a zodiac sign. The first six months have 31 days, the next five have 30 days, and the last month has 29 da... | What calander ends on the vernal equinox? | What calander ends on the vernal equinox? | [
"What calander ends on the vernal equinox?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-82737 | 56e0628c231d4119001ac077 | Saint_Helena | During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, cont... | The British Post Offices decision to use what kind of fibres hurt the flax industry? | The British Post Offices decision to use what kind of fibres hurt the flax industry? | [
"The British Post Offices decision to use what kind of fibres hurt the flax industry?"
] | {
"text": [
"synthetic fibres"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22546 | 5a363a5c788daf001a5f8799 | Himachal_Pradesh | Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also available in few cities like S... | What is available in a few cities like Nepal? | What is available in a few cities like Nepal? | [
"What is available in a few cities like Nepal?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48755 | 57284f5f3acd2414000df8ed | War_on_Terror | Other critics, such as Francis Fukuyama, note that "terrorism" is not an enemy, but a tactic; calling it a "war on terror", obscures differences between conflicts such as anti-occupation insurgents and international mujahideen. With a military presence in Iraq and Afghanistan and its associated collateral damage Shirle... | What has the 'war on terror' done to the US's international image? | What has the 'war on terror' done to the US's international image? | [
"What has the 'war on terror' done to the US's international image?"
] | {
"text": [
"damaged"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65964 | 571a1d794faf5e1900b8a8a9 | Seattle | The Henry Art Gallery opened in 1927, the first public art museum in Washington. The Seattle Art Museum (SAM) opened in 1933; SAM opened a museum downtown in 1991 (expanded and reopened 2007); since 1991, the 1933 building has been SAM's Seattle Asian Art Museum (SAAM). SAM also operates the Olympic Sculpture Park (ope... | What was the name of the first art museum in Washington? | What was the name of the first art museum in Washington? | [
"What was the name of the first art museum in Washington?"
] | {
"text": [
"Henry Art Gallery"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-37042 | 5a0cdf07f5590b0018dab5fe | Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation | In 1997, the charity introduced a U.S. Libraries initiative with a goal of "ensuring that if you can get to a public library, you can reach the internet". Only 35% of the world's population has access to the Internet. The foundation has given grants, installed computers and software, and provided training and technical... | What has the world's population installed? | What has the world's population installed? | [
"What has the world's population installed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102145 | 56f9d73f9e9bad19000a0b08 | High-definition_television | The term high definition once described a series of television systems originating from August 1936; however, these systems were only high definition when compared to earlier systems that were based on mechanical systems with as few as 30 lines of resolution. The ongoing competition between companies and nations to cre... | In what century were 4k, 5k, and 8k systems introduced? | In what century were 4k, 5k, and 8k systems introduced? | [
"In what century were 4k, 5k, and 8k systems introduced?"
] | {
"text": [
"21st"
],
"answer_start": [
441
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-79972 | 570659e875f01819005e7b6f | MP3 | In September 1998, the Fraunhofer Institute sent a letter to several developers of MP3 software stating that a license was required to "distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders". The letter claimed that unlicensed products "infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson. To make, sell and/or distribute pro... | What can products not use if they want to avoid infringing on patent rights? | What can products not use if they want to avoid infringing on patent rights? | [
"What can products not use if they want to avoid infringing on patent rights?"
] | {
"text": [
"the [MPEG Layer-3] standard"
],
"answer_start": [
332
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-16948 | 5725c691271a42140099d197 | Israel | Israel's legal system combines three legal traditions: English common law, civil law, and Jewish law. It is based on the principle of stare decisis (precedent) and is an adversarial system, where the parties in the suit bring evidence before the court. Court cases are decided by professional judges rather than juries. ... | What is Israel's Basic Law? | What is Israel's Basic Law? | [
"What is Israel's Basic Law?"
] | {
"text": [
"Human Dignity"
],
"answer_start": [
855
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-47437 | 572f8ee0b2c2fd14005681f5 | Armenia | The Seljuk Empire soon started to collapse. In the early 12th century, Armenian princes of the Zakarid noble family drove out the Seljuk Turks and established a semi-independent Armenian principality in Northern and Eastern Armenia, known as Zakarid Armenia, which lasted under the patronage of the Georgian Kingdom. The... | What area did the Orbelians and Zakarids command together? | What area did the Orbelians and Zakarids command together? | [
"What area did the Orbelians and Zakarids command together?"
] | {
"text": [
"Syunik and Vayots Dzor"
],
"answer_start": [
427
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15045 | 5ad3dc78604f3c001a3ff409 | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Another model is the FEELS model developed by Xie Bangxiu and deployed successfully in China. "FEELS" stands for five things in curriculum and education: Flexible-goals, Engaged-learner, Embodied-knowledge, Learning-through-interactions, and Supportive-teacher. It is used for understanding and evaluating educational cu... | Who established the HEELS model in China? | Who established the HEELS model in China? | [
"Who established the HEELS model in China?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-20621 | 56cfb6b8234ae51400d9bec9 | IPod | During installation, an iPod is associated with one host computer. Each time an iPod connects to its host computer, iTunes can synchronize entire music libraries or music playlists either automatically or manually. Song ratings can be set on an iPod and synchronized later to the iTunes library, and vice versa. A user c... | What must an iPod be connected to before iTunes can synchronize? | What must an iPod be connected to before iTunes can synchronize? | [
"What must an iPod be connected to before iTunes can synchronize?"
] | {
"text": [
"host computer"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-89236 | 5acd64e607355d001abf408e | Hunter-gatherer | Hunter-gatherers would eventually flourish all over the Americas, primarily based in the Great Plains of the United States and Canada, with offshoots as far east as the Gaspé Peninsula on the Atlantic coast, and as far south as Chile, Monte Verde.[citation needed] American hunter-gatherers were spread over a wide geogr... | Which group was spread over small geographical area? | Which group was spread over small geographical area? | [
"Which group was spread over small geographical area?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-82973 | 56de677dcffd8e1900b4b880 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | Schwarzenegger was born in Thal, a village bordering the city of Graz in Styria, Austria and christened Arnold Alois. His parents were Gustav Schwarzenegger (August 17, 1907 – December 13, 1972), and Aurelia Schwarzenegger (née Jadrny; July 29, 1922 – August 2, 1998). Gustav was the local chief of police, and had serve... | What was Schwarzenegger's father's first name? | What was Schwarzenegger's father's first name? | [
"What was Schwarzenegger's father's first name?"
] | {
"text": [
"Gustav"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70093 | 59d29da22763a60018284111 | Great_Plains | The 100th meridian roughly corresponds with the line that divides the Great Plains into an area that receive 20 inches (510 millimetres) or more of rainfall per year and an area that receives less than 20 in (510 mm). In this context, the High Plains, as well as Southern Alberta, south-western Saskatchewan and Eastern ... | What meridian comprises the northern edge of the Great Plains? | What meridian comprises the northern edge of the Great Plains? | [
"What meridian comprises the northern edge of the Great Plains?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-81533 | 5725662acc50291900b283a1 | Queen_Victoria | Victoria was pleased when Gladstone resigned in 1885 after his budget was defeated. She thought his government was "the worst I have ever had", and blamed him for the death of General Gordon at Khartoum. Gladstone was replaced by Lord Salisbury. Salisbury's government only lasted a few months, however, and Victoria was... | What did the bill Gladstone failed to pass state, much to Queen Victoria's pleasure? | What did the bill Gladstone failed to pass state, much to Queen Victoria's pleasure? | [
"What did the bill Gladstone failed to pass state, much to Queen Victoria's pleasure? "
] | {
"text": [
"granting Ireland home rule"
],
"answer_start": [
465
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19272 | 5ad0eaf1645df0001a2d0853 | Premier_League | Its main body is solid sterling silver and silver gilt, while its plinth is made of malachite, a semi-precious stone. The plinth has a silver band around its circumference, upon which the names of the title-winning clubs are listed. Malachite's green colour is also representative of the green field of play. The design ... | What has a golden band around its circumference? | What has a golden band around its circumference? | [
"What has a golden band around its circumference?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114547 | 5ad23e93d7d075001a4288d0 | Emotion | The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern ... | What does émouvoir mean in Italian? | What does émouvoir mean in Italian? | [
" What does émouvoir mean in Italian?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-91809 | 57278fe5dd62a815002ea07c | Botany | From the 1990s onwards, the predominant approach to constructing phylogenies for living plants has been molecular phylogenetics, which uses molecular characters, particularly DNA sequences, rather than morphological characters like the presence or absence of spines and areoles. The difference is that the genetic code i... | How is DNA grouping superior? | How is DNA grouping superior? | [
"How is DNA grouping superior?"
] | {
"text": [
"genetic code itself is used"
],
"answer_start": [
306
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-88835 | 570f44b95ab6b81900390ebe | Circadian_rhythm | In 1896, Patrick and Gilbert observed that during a prolonged period of sleep deprivation, sleepiness increases and decreases with a period of approximately 24 hours. In 1918, J.S. Szymanski showed that animals are capable of maintaining 24-hour activity patterns in the absence of external cues such as light and change... | Who showed the animals could maintain activity in the absence of light and temperature changes? | Who showed the animals could maintain activity in the absence of light and temperature changes? | [
"Who showed the animals could maintain activity in the absence of light and temperature changes?"
] | {
"text": [
"J.S. Szymanski"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22200 | 5a7b6a1321c2de001afe9ff0 | National_Archives_and_Records_Administration | The National Archives Building, known informally as Archives I, located north of the National Mall on Constitution Avenue in Washington, D.C., opened as its original headquarters in 1935. It holds the original copies of the three main formative documents of the United States and its government: the Declaration of Indep... | In what year was the Emancipation Proclamation written? | In what year was the Emancipation Proclamation written? | [
"In what year was the Emancipation Proclamation written?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-93899 | 572e8900dfa6aa1500f8d0eb | Cyprus | International pressure led to a ceasefire, and by then 37% of the island had been taken over by the Turks and 180,000 Greek Cypriots had been evicted from their homes in the north. At the same time, around 50,000 Turkish Cypriots moved to the areas under the control of the Turkish Forces and settled in the properties o... | Why did the US impose an arms embargo on Turkey? | Why did the US impose an arms embargo on Turkey? | [
"Why did the US impose an arms embargo on Turkey?"
] | {
"text": [
"using American-supplied equipment during the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14110 | 56f8db919b226e1400dd1106 | Brain | In humans and many other mammals, new neurons are created mainly before birth, and the infant brain contains substantially more neurons than the adult brain. There are, however, a few areas where new neurons continue to be generated throughout life. The two areas for which adult neurogenesis is well established are the... | What area of the hippocampus plays a role in storing new memories? | What area of the hippocampus plays a role in storing new memories? | [
"What area of the hippocampus plays a role in storing new memories?"
] | {
"text": [
"dentate gyrus of the hippocampus"
],
"answer_start": [
386
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-109697 | 5728fb0daf94a219006a9eb4 | Samurai | Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu. It appears Joosten became a samurai[citation needed] and was given a residence within Ieyasu's castle at Edo. Today, this area at the eas... | Around when was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn born? | Around when was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn born? | [
"Around when was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn born?"
] | {
"text": [
"1556"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5477 | 5ad23ff1d7d075001a428906 | House_music | House music is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in Chicago in the early 1980s. It was initially popularized in Chicago, circa 1984. House music quickly spread to other American cities such as Detroit, New York City, and Newark – all of which developed their own regional scenes. In the mid-to-late 1980s... | What city did Boyz music originate from? | What city did Boyz music originate from? | [
"What city did Boyz music originate from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-82762 | 56e066467aa994140058e44d | Saint_Helena | Located in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) from the nearest major landmass, Saint Helena is one of the most remote places in the world. The nearest port on the continent is Namibe in southern Angola, and the nearest international airport the Quatro de Fevereiro ... | What area is the island classified as being in by the United Nations? | What area is the island classified as being in by the United Nations? | [
"What area is the island classified as being in by the United Nations?"
] | {
"text": [
"West Africa"
],
"answer_start": [
961
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35741 | 570a574f4103511400d5962c | Imperial_College_London | Imperial College TV
ICTV (formerly STOIC (Student Television of Imperial College)) is Imperial College Union's TV station, founded in 1969 and operated from a small TV studio in the Electrical Engineering block. The department had bought an early AMPEX Type A 1-inch videotape recorder and this was used to produce an oc... | When was the station renamed to it's modern name? | When was the station renamed to it's modern name? | [
"When was the station renamed to it's modern name?"
] | {
"text": [
"start of the 2014/15 academic year"
],
"answer_start": [
796
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-60257 | 5ace255a32bba1001ae49bb2 | Washington_University_in_St._Louis | The West Campus is located about one mile (1.6 km) to the west of the Danforth Campus in Clayton, Missouri, and primarily consists of a four-story former department store building housing mostly administrative space. The West Campus building was home to the Clayton branch of the Famous-Barr department store until 1990,... | On what floor is capital gifts? | On what floor is capital gifts? | [
"On what floor is capital gifts?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111831 | 5727707df1498d1400e8f822 | On_the_Origin_of_Species | The book was written for non-specialist readers and attracted widespread interest upon its publication. As Darwin was an eminent scientist, his findings were taken seriously and the evidence he presented generated scientific, philosophical, and religious discussion. The debate over the book contributed to the campaign ... | What section of the population was Darwin's book written for? | What section of the population was Darwin's book written for? | [
"What section of the population was Darwin's book written for?"
] | {
"text": [
"non-specialist readers"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-2798 | 5730144a04bcaa1900d7713b | British_Isles | The earliest known use of the phrase Brytish Iles in the English language is dated 1577 in a work by John Dee. Today, this name is seen by some as carrying imperialist overtones although it is still commonly used. Other names used to describe the islands include the Anglo-Celtic Isles, Atlantic archipelago, British-Iri... | What is the earliest English usage of the term Brytish Illes? | What is the earliest English usage of the term Brytish Illes? | [
"What is the earliest English usage of the term Brytish Illes?"
] | {
"text": [
"a work by John Dee"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-18780 | 5ad0bf6e645df0001a2d01a2 | Premier_League | Despite significant European success during the 1970s and early 1980s, the late '80s had marked a low point for English football. Stadiums were crumbling, supporters endured poor facilities, hooliganism was rife, and English clubs were banned from European competition for five years following the Heysel Stadium disaste... | Since which year has the Football League First Division been the low level of English football? | Since which year has the Football League First Division been the low level of English football? | [
"Since which year has the Football League First Division been the low level of English football?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-16270 | 57317297497a881900248ef7 | Muammar_Gaddafi | Increasing state control over the oil sector, the RCC began a program of nationalization, starting with the expropriation of British Petroleum's share of the British Petroleum-N.B. Hunt Sahir Field in December 1971. In September 1973, it was announced that all foreign oil producers active in Libya were to be nationaliz... | What company's property did Libya nationalize in December of 1971? | What company's property did Libya nationalize in December of 1971? | [
"What company's property did Libya nationalize in December of 1971?"
] | {
"text": [
"British Petroleum"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-75537 | 5726c394f1498d1400e8ea90 | Cubism | There was a distinct difference between Kahnweiler’s Cubists and the Salon Cubists. Prior to 1914, Picasso, Braque, Gris and Léger (to a lesser extent) gained the support of a single committed art dealer in Paris, Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler, who guaranteed them an annual income for the exclusive right to buy their works. ... | Where did Picassos work until 1912? | Where did Picassos work until 1912? | [
"Where did Picassos work until 1912? "
] | {
"text": [
"Montmartre"
],
"answer_start": [
470
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-45461 | 571a616610f8ca140030500a | Ashkenazi_Jews | Culturally, an Ashkenazi Jew can be identified by the concept of Yiddishkeit, which means "Jewishness" in the Yiddish language. Yiddishkeit is specifically the Jewishness of Ashkenazi Jews. Before the Haskalah and the emancipation of Jews in Europe, this meant the study of Torah and Talmud for men, and a family and com... | What does Yiddishkeit mean in the Yiddish language? | What does Yiddishkeit mean in the Yiddish language? | [
"What does Yiddishkeit mean in the Yiddish language?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Jewishness\""
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-55009 | 5a397d0c2f14dd001ac723c9 | Everton_F.C. | Everton hold the record for the most seasons in England's top tier (Division One/Premier League), at 111 seasons out of 114 as of 2014–15 (the club played in Division 2 in 1930–31 and from 1951–54). They are one of seven teams to have played all 22 seasons of the Premier League since its inception in August 1992 – the ... | How many seasons of football has Chelsea played? | How many seasons of football has Chelsea played? | [
"How many seasons of football has Chelsea played?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65690 | 5728d0853acd2414000dff38 | Detroit | Annual summer events include the Electronic Music Festival, International Jazz Festival, the Woodward Dream Cruise, the African World Festival, the country music Hoedown, Noel Night, and Dally in the Alley. Within downtown, Campus Martius Park hosts large events, including the annual Motown Winter Blast. As the world's... | Which festival draws up to 3 million people? | Which festival draws up to 3 million people? | [
"Which festival draws up to 3 million people?"
] | {
"text": [
"Windsor–Detroit International Freedom Festival"
],
"answer_start": [
576
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59923 | 56f989239b226e1400dd1539 | Zhejiang | There are over three thousand islands along the rugged coastline of Zhejiang. The largest, Zhoushan Island, is Mainland China's third largest island, after Hainan and Chongming. There are also many bays, of which Hangzhou Bay is the largest. Zhejiang has a humid subtropical climate with four distinct seasons. Spring s... | How many distinct seasons does Zhejiang have? | How many distinct seasons does Zhejiang have? | [
"How many distinct seasons does Zhejiang have?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
289
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-76161 | 5726c38bdd62a815002e8fd2 | Utrecht | By the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel bestowed the fortr... | What showed the importance of Utrecht | What showed the importance of Utrecht | [
"What showed the importance of Utrecht"
] | {
"text": [
"Utrecht as a centre of Christianity is illustrated by the election of the Utrecht-born Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens as pope in 1522"
],
"answer_start": [
820
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-43952 | 56d11c3317492d1400aab9b0 | Kanye_West | On January 5, 2012, West announced his establishment of the creative content company DONDA, named after his late mother Donda West. In his announcement, West proclaimed that the company would "pick up where Steve Jobs left off"; DONDA would operate as "a design company which will galvanize amazing thinkers in a creativ... | On what date did Kanye go public with his DONDA company? | On what date did Kanye go public with his DONDA company? | [
"On what date did Kanye go public with his DONDA company?"
] | {
"text": [
"January 5, 2012"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15755 | 5726ec1cf1498d1400e8efec | Chinese_characters | Although Chinese characters in Vietnam are now limited to ceremonial uses, they were once in widespread use. Until the early 20th century, Literary Chinese was used in Vietnam for all official and scholarly writing. Around the 13th century the Nôm script was developed to record folk literature in the Vietnamese languag... | What is now limited to ceremonial uses? | What is now limited to ceremonial uses? | [
"What is now limited to ceremonial uses?"
] | {
"text": [
"Chinese characters in Vietnam"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-55798 | 5a0cf49bf5590b0018dab6a0 | Clothing | In Western societies, skirts, dresses and high-heeled shoes are usually seen as women's clothing, while neckties are usually seen as men's clothing. Trousers were once seen as exclusively male clothing, but are nowadays worn by both genders. Male clothes are often more practical (that is, they can function well under a... | What clothing is exclusively for males? | What clothing is exclusively for males? | [
"What clothing is exclusively for males?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83147 | 56ded6593277331400b4d752 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | On May 9, 2011, Shriver and Schwarzenegger ended their relationship after 25 years of marriage, with Shriver moving out of the couple's Brentwood mansion. On May 16, 2011, the Los Angeles Times revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son more than fourteen years earlier with an employee in their household, Mildred ... | What newspaper broke the story about Schwarzenegger's child with another woman? | What newspaper broke the story about Schwarzenegger's child with another woman? | [
"What newspaper broke the story about Schwarzenegger's child with another woman?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Los Angeles Times"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4224 | 56d4efd92ccc5a1400d83379 | Beyoncé | The release of a video-game Starpower: Beyoncé was cancelled after Beyoncé pulled out of a $100 million with GateFive who alleged the cancellation meant the sacking of 70 staff and millions of pounds lost in development. It was settled out of court by her lawyers in June 2013 who said that they had cancelled because Ga... | When was the disagreement settled out of court? | When was the disagreement settled out of court? | [
"When was the disagreement settled out of court?"
] | {
"text": [
"June 2013"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-31031 | 5727435f5951b619008f878f | Mexico_City | During Andrés López Obrador's administration a political slogan was introduced: la Ciudad de la Esperanza ("The City of Hope"). This motto was quickly adopted as a city nickname, but has faded since the new motto Capital en Movimiento ("Capital in Movement") was adopted by the administration headed by Marcelo Ebrard, t... | How is the city commonly abbreviated? | How is the city commonly abbreviated? | [
"How is the city commonly abbreviated?"
] | {
"text": [
"CDMX"
],
"answer_start": [
485
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14567 | 57331b0dd058e614000b56fc | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Beginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that reality consists of processes rath... | As opposed to physical objects, what did Whitehead believe reality is composed of? | As opposed to physical objects, what did Whitehead believe reality is composed of? | [
"As opposed to physical objects, what did Whitehead believe reality is composed of?"
] | {
"text": [
"processes"
],
"answer_start": [
306
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-3744 | 56bf99aca10cfb14005511a7 | Beyoncé | Beyoncé further expanded her acting career, starring as blues singer Etta James in the 2008 musical biopic, Cadillac Records. Her performance in the film received praise from critics, and she garnered several nominations for her portrayal of James, including a Satellite Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress, and... | Where did Beyonce donate her salary from the movie Cadillac Records? | Where did Beyonce donate her salary from the movie Cadillac Records? | [
"Where did Beyonce donate her salary from the movie Cadillac Records?"
] | {
"text": [
"Phoenix House"
],
"answer_start": [
439
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-26174 | 5726abf2708984140094cd6d | Edmund_Burke | Burke put forward that "We fear God, we look up with awe to kings; with affection to parliaments; with duty to magistrates; with reverence to priests; and with respect to nobility. Why? Because when such ideas are brought before our minds, it is natural to be so affected". Burke defended this prejudice on the grounds t... | Who did Burke say we look up to with awe? | Who did Burke say we look up to with awe? | [
"Who did Burke say we look up to with awe?"
] | {
"text": [
"kings"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-88046 | 5a3c70adcc5d22001a521db0 | God | Theism generally holds that God exists realistically, objectively, and independently of human thought; that God created and sustains everything; that God is omnipotent and eternal; and that God is personal and interacting with the universe through, for example, religious experience and the prayers of humans. Theism hol... | What is one attribute of the universe? | What is one attribute of the universe? | [
"What is one attribute of the universe?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-94197 | 5a5d57f95e8782001a9d5ebf | Cork_(city) | Cork is home to one of Ireland's main national newspapers, the Irish Examiner (formerly the Cork Examiner). It also prints the Evening Echo, which for decades has been connected to the Echo Boys, who were poor and often homeless children who sold the newspaper. Today, the shouts of the vendors selling the Echo can stil... | Who prints the Echo Boys? | Who prints the Echo Boys? | [
"Who prints the Echo Boys?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-3391 | 572652fddd62a815002e818a | Southeast_Asia | There are several theories to the Islamisation process in Southeast Asia. Another theory is trade. The expansion of trade among West Asia, India and Southeast Asia helped the spread of the religion as Muslim traders from Southern Yemen (Hadramout) brought Islam to the region with their large volume of trade. Many settl... | Which missionary helped to spread Islam? | Which missionary helped to spread Islam? | [
"Which missionary helped to spread Islam?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Sufi missionaries"
],
"answer_start": [
584
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59513 | 5726b10af1498d1400e8e794 | Electric_motor | To minimize overall weight and size, miniature PM motors may use high energy magnets made with neodymium or other strategic elements; most such are neodymium-iron-boron alloy. With their higher flux density, electric machines with high-energy PMs are at least competitive with all optimally designed singly-fed synchrono... | What does the outer housing of a miniature motor resemble? | What does the outer housing of a miniature motor resemble? | [
"What does the outer housing of a miniature motor resemble?"
] | {
"text": [
"steel tube"
],
"answer_start": [
546
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-80277 | 572f9e5504bcaa1900d76aeb | Bacteria | Bacteria display a wide diversity of shapes and sizes, called morphologies. Bacterial cells are about one-tenth the size of eukaryotic cells and are typically 0.5–5.0 micrometres in length. However, a few species are visible to the unaided eye — for example, Thiomargarita namibiensis is up to half a millimetre long and... | What is the common name for shapes and forms of bacteria? | What is the common name for shapes and forms of bacteria? | [
"What is the common name for shapes and forms of bacteria?"
] | {
"text": [
"morphologies"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-50384 | 572e9d16c246551400ce43f8 | Neptune | High-altitude clouds on Neptune have been observed casting shadows on the opaque cloud deck below. There are also high-altitude cloud bands that wrap around the planet at constant latitude. These circumferential bands have widths of 50–150 km and lie about 50–110 km above the cloud deck. These altitudes are in the laye... | Where are the high altitude bands of clouds on Neptune? | Where are the high altitude bands of clouds on Neptune? | [
"Where are the high altitude bands of clouds on Neptune? "
] | {
"text": [
"50–110 km above the cloud deck."
],
"answer_start": [
257
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62176 | 5726821edd62a815002e87a5 | Chicago_Cubs | The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times. 107 seasons is the longest championship drought in all four of the ma... | When was the last time the Chicago Cubs appeared in the Fall Classic? | When was the last time the Chicago Cubs appeared in the Fall Classic? | [
"When was the last time the Chicago Cubs appeared in the Fall Classic?"
] | {
"text": [
"1945"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33625 | 5a6786f4f038b7001ab0c274 | Film_speed | The DIN system, officially DIN standard 4512 by Deutsches Institut für Normung (but still named Deutscher Normenausschuß (DNA) at this time), was published in January 1934. It grew out of drafts for a standardized method of sensitometry put forward by Deutscher Normenausschuß für Phototechnik as proposed by the committ... | Who founded the VIII. International Congress of Photography? | Who founded the VIII. International Congress of Photography? | [
"Who founded the VIII. International Congress of Photography?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-97754 | 5732793be99e3014001e67de | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | Who was responsible for yet another definition of the philosophy in 1856? | Who was responsible for yet another definition of the philosophy in 1856? | [
"Who was responsible for yet another definition of the philosophy in 1856?"
] | {
"text": [
"Georg Voigt"
],
"answer_start": [
367
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-74618 | 570d0642fed7b91900d45bd1 | Melbourne | The main passenger airport serving the metropolis and the state is Melbourne Airport (also called Tullamarine Airport), which is the second busiest in Australia, and the Port of Melbourne is Australia's busiest seaport for containerised and general cargo. Melbourne has an extensive transport network. The main metropoli... | What passenger airport serves Melbourne? | What passenger airport serves Melbourne? | [
"What passenger airport serves Melbourne?"
] | {
"text": [
"Melbourne Airport (also called Tullamarine Airport)"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-72493 | 5726843b708984140094c8a5 | Greece | Along with the Byzantine (Church) chant and music, the Greek people also cultivated the Greek folk song which is divided into two cycles, the akritic and klephtic. The akritic was created between the 9th and 10th centuries and expressed the life and struggles of the akrites (frontier guards) of the Byzantine empire, th... | What are the two cycles of the Greek folk song? | What are the two cycles of the Greek folk song? | [
"What are the two cycles of the Greek folk song?"
] | {
"text": [
"akritic and klephtic"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14683 | 57303159a23a5019007fcf53 | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Rather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the exact opposite of the multidisc... | Whitehead believed education should be the opposite of what? | Whitehead believed education should be the opposite of what? | [
"Whitehead believed education should be the opposite of what?"
] | {
"text": [
"value-free school model"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1249 | 57309019396df919000961b0 | Airport | The first lighting used on an airport was during the latter part of the 1920s; in the 1930s approach lighting came into use. These indicated the proper direction and angle of descent. The colours and flash intervals of these lights became standardized under the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). In the 1... | What indicated the proper direction and angle of descent? | What indicated the proper direction and angle of descent? | [
"What indicated the proper direction and angle of descent?"
] | {
"text": [
"approach lighting"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70630 | 56dfed637aa994140058e279 | Pub | CAMRA maintains a "National Inventory" of historical notability and of architecturally and decoratively notable pubs. The National Trust owns thirty-six public houses of historic interest including the George Inn, Southwark, London and The Crown Liquor Saloon, Belfast, Northern Ireland. | What city is home to The Crown Liquor Saloon? | What city is home to The Crown Liquor Saloon? | [
"What city is home to The Crown Liquor Saloon?"
] | {
"text": [
"Belfast"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-99896 | 56fb955db28b3419009f1e67 | Middle_Ages | The large external sculptural schemes of Early Gothic churches gave way to more sculpture inside the building, as tombs became more elaborate and other features such as pulpits were sometimes lavishly carved, as in the Pulpit by Giovanni Pisano in Sant'Andrea. Painted or carved wooden relief altarpieces became common, ... | Along with being carved, how were altarpieces often decorated in this period? | Along with being carved, how were altarpieces often decorated in this period? | [
"Along with being carved, how were altarpieces often decorated in this period?"
] | {
"text": [
"Painted"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-112347 | 57293627af94a219006aa199 | Race_(human_categorization) | The authors of the study also examined 77 college textbooks in biology and 69 in physical anthropology published between 1932 and 1989. Physical anthropology texts argued that biological races exist until the 1970s, when they began to argue that races do not exist. In contrast, biology textbooks did not undergo such a ... | How many college textbooks in biology did the authors of the study examine? | How many college textbooks in biology did the authors of the study examine? | [
"How many college textbooks in biology did the authors of the study examine?"
] | {
"text": [
"77"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65468 | 5727b68d2ca10214002d9494 | Detroit | The Governor of Michigan, Rick Snyder, declared a financial emergency for the city in March 2013, appointing an emergency manager. On July 18, 2013, Detroit filed the largest municipal bankruptcy case in U.S. history. It was declared bankrupt by Judge Steven W. Rhodes of the Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of... | How much debt did Detroit have when they declared bankruptcy? | How much debt did Detroit have when they declared bankruptcy? | [
"How much debt did Detroit have when they declared bankruptcy?"
] | {
"text": [
"$18.5 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21404 | 56e6db4d6fe0821900b8ebee | Adult_contemporary_music | Other popular names for the format include "Warm", "Sunny", "Bee" (or "B") and (particularly in Canada) "EZ Rock". The format can be seen as a more contemporary successor to and combination of the middle of the road (MOR), beautiful music, easy listening and soft rock formats. Many stations in the soft AC format capita... | What station first introduced the tagline "everyone at work can agree on"? | What station first introduced the tagline "everyone at work can agree on"? | [
"What station first introduced the tagline \"everyone at work can agree on\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"KOST"
],
"answer_start": [
488
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-81249 | 572664dd708984140094c4a4 | Queen_Victoria | Though queen, as an unmarried young woman Victoria was required by social convention to live with her mother, despite their differences over the Kensington System and her mother's continued reliance on Conroy. Her mother was consigned to a remote apartment in Buckingham Palace, and Victoria often refused to see her. Wh... | How did Victoria feel about having to be married in order to escape living with her mother? | How did Victoria feel about having to be married in order to escape living with her mother? | [
"How did Victoria feel about having to be married in order to escape living with her mother?"
] | {
"text": [
"a \"schocking [sic] alternative\""
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-72139 | 5acf922c77cf76001a6852c5 | Capacitor | Capacitors may retain a charge long after power is removed from a circuit; this charge can cause dangerous or even potentially fatal shocks or damage connected equipment. For example, even a seemingly innocuous device such as a disposable-camera flash unit, powered by a 1.5 volt AA battery, has a capacitor which may co... | How aren't the terminals of high voltage capacitors stored? | How aren't the terminals of high voltage capacitors stored? | [
" How aren't the terminals of high voltage capacitors stored?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48713 | 5a85ffedb4e223001a8e735a | War_on_Terror | In addition to military efforts abroad, in the aftermath of 9/11 the Bush Administration increased domestic efforts to prevent future attacks. Various government bureaucracies that handled security and military functions were reorganized. A new cabinet-level agency called the United States Department of Homeland Securi... | What was consolidated into the Department of Homeland Security? | What was consolidated into the Department of Homeland Security? | [
"What was consolidated into the Department of Homeland Security?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70416 | 56dfba5f231d4119001abd2c | Pub | The 18th century saw a huge growth in the number of drinking establishments, primarily due to the introduction of gin. Gin was brought to England by the Dutch after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and became very popular after the government created a market for "cuckoo grain" or "cuckoo malt" that was unfit to be used... | How much more gin than beer was made in England in 1740? | How much more gin than beer was made in England in 1740? | [
"How much more gin than beer was made in England in 1740?"
] | {
"text": [
"six times"
],
"answer_start": [
608
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-67401 | 5a107aabdecec90018475683 | Hanover | But Hanover is not only one of the most important Exhibition Cities in the world, it is also one of the German capitals for marksmen. The Schützenfest Hannover is the largest Marksmen's Fun Fair in the world and takes place once a year (late June to early July) (2014 - July 4th to the 13th). It consists of more than 26... | Where can you find the biggest fixed Ferris wheel in the world? | Where can you find the biggest fixed Ferris wheel in the world? | [
"Where can you find the biggest fixed Ferris wheel in the world?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-25650 | 5acfe81377cf76001a6863fd | Namibia | The first newspaper in Namibia was the German-language Windhoeker Anzeiger, founded 1898. Radio was introduced in 1969, TV in 1981. During German rule, the newspapers mainly reflected the living reality and the view of the white German-speaking minority. The black majority was ignored or depicted as a threat. During So... | What was the first newspaper in Namibia that reflected the realities of the black citizens? | What was the first newspaper in Namibia that reflected the realities of the black citizens? | [
"What was the first newspaper in Namibia that reflected the realities of the black citizens?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-50343 | 5acee08232bba1001ae4b81c | Neptune | Neptune's mass of 1.0243×1026 kg, is intermediate between Earth and the larger gas giants: it is 17 times that of Earth but just 1/19th that of Jupiter.[d] Its gravity at 1 bar is 11.15 m/s2, 1.14 times the surface gravity of Earth, and surpassed only by Jupiter. Neptune's equatorial radius of 24,764 km is nearly four ... | How much less mass does Neptune have compared to Earth? | How much less mass does Neptune have compared to Earth? | [
" How much less mass does Neptune have compared to Earth?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-53217 | 5a68e6518476ee001a58a857 | Sichuan | Qin armies finished their conquest of the kingdoms of Shu and Ba by 316 BC. Any written records and civil achievements of earlier kingdoms were destroyed. Qin administrators introduced improved agricultural technology. Li Bing, engineered the Dujiangyan irrigation system to control the Min River, a major tributary of t... | What did Qin administrators introduce to Yangtze? | What did Qin administrators introduce to Yangtze? | [
"What did Qin administrators introduce to Yangtze?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-43052 | 5a85bfd2b4e223001a8e71ee | Poultry | Poultry (/ˌpoʊltriː/) are domesticated birds kept by humans for the eggs they produce, their meat, their feathers, or sometimes as pets. These birds are most typically members of the superorder Galloanserae (fowl), especially the order Galliformes (which includes chickens, quails and turkeys) and the family Anatidae, i... | What birds are no longer considered as poultry? | What birds are no longer considered as poultry? | [
"What birds are no longer considered as poultry?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-90068 | 5acf818277cf76001a68503f | Somerset | The ceremonial county of Somerset consists of a two-tier non-metropolitan county, which is administered by Somerset County Council and five district councils, and two unitary authority areas (whose councils combine the functions of a county and a district). The five districts of Somerset are West Somerset, South Somers... | What type of county was Avon? | What type of county was Avon? | [
"What type of county was Avon?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-44152 | 5a2ee726a83784001a7d2539 | Bras%C3%ADlia | Juscelino Kubitschek, President of Brazil from 1956 to 1961, ordered the construction of Brasília, fulfilling the promise of the Constitution and his own political campaign promise. Building Brasília was part of Juscelino's "fifty years of prosperity in five" plan. Lúcio Costa won a contest and was the main urban plann... | How many people competed in a contest to help build the city in 1956? | How many people competed in a contest to help build the city in 1956? | [
"How many people competed in a contest to help build the city in 1956?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21861 | 570abc016d058f19001830b8 | Aircraft_carrier | The constraints of constructing a flight deck affect the role of a given carrier strongly, as they influence the weight, type, and configuration of the aircraft that may be launched. For example, assisted launch mechanisms are used primarily for heavy aircraft, especially those loaded with air-to-ground weapons. CATOBA... | What does CATOBAR allow for? | What does CATOBAR allow for? | [
"What does CATOBAR allow for?"
] | {
"text": [
"deployment of heavy jets with full loadouts"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-98039 | 56e0b2127aa994140058e6ad | Hydrogen | Hydrogen is the only element that has different names for its isotopes in common use today. During the early study of radioactivity, various heavy radioactive isotopes were given their own names, but such names are no longer used, except for deuterium and tritium. The symbols D and T (instead of 2H and 3H) are sometime... | Which element is the only that has different names for its isotopes? | Which element is the only that has different names for its isotopes? | [
"Which element is the only that has different names for its isotopes?"
] | {
"text": [
"Hydrogen"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116149 | 5a68bcef8476ee001a58a7d6 | Punjab,_Pakistan | Punjab during Mahabharata times was known as Panchanada. Punjab was part of the Indus Valley Civilization, more than 4000 years ago. The main site in Punjab was the city of Harrapa. The Indus Valley Civilization spanned much of what is today Pakistan and eventually evolved into the Indo-Aryan civilisation. The Vedic ci... | When was the archaeological site at Harappa discovered? | When was the archaeological site at Harappa discovered? | [
"When was the archaeological site at Harappa discovered?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-75260 | 57286dad4b864d19001649ed | Labour_Party_(UK) | Callaghan had been widely expected to call a general election in the autumn of 1978 when most opinion polls showed Labour to have a narrow lead. However he decided to extend his wage restraint policy for another year hoping that the economy would be in a better shape for a 1979 election. But during the winter of 1978–7... | What was this strike called? | What was this strike called? | [
"What was this strike called?"
] | {
"text": [
"Winter of Discontent"
],
"answer_start": [
563
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-18707 | 5726f9365951b619008f83d2 | Nigeria | The Nigerian film industry is known as Nollywood (a portmanteau of Nigeria and Hollywood) and is now the 2nd-largest producer of movies in the world. Nigerian film studios are based in Lagos, Kano and Enugu, forming a major portion of the local economy of these cities. Nigerian cinema is Africa's largest movie industry... | Which African country has the continent's largest movie industry? | Which African country has the continent's largest movie industry? | [
"Which African country has the continent's largest movie industry?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nigerian"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106487 | 572617dfec44d21400f3d8bb | Hellenistic_period | Astronomers like Hipparchus (c. 190 – c. 120 BC) built upon the measurements of the Babylonian astronomers before him, to measure the precession of the Earth. Pliny reports that Hipparchus produced the first systematic star catalog after he observed a new star (it is uncertain whether this was a nova or a comet) and wi... | Who stated that Hipparchus created the first systematic star map? | Who stated that Hipparchus created the first systematic star map? | [
"Who stated that Hipparchus created the first systematic star map?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pliny"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-95810 | 5ad3ec5c604f3c001a3ff766 | Yale_University | Yale seniors at graduation smash clay pipes underfoot to symbolize passage from their "bright college years," though in recent history the pipes have been replaced with "bubble pipes". ("Bright College Years," the University's alma mater, was penned in 1881 by Henry Durand, Class of 1881, to the tune of Die Wacht am Rh... | What part of the statue of Theodore Dwight Woolsey is it said to be bad luck to rub? | What part of the statue of Theodore Dwight Woolsey is it said to be bad luck to rub? | [
"What part of the statue of Theodore Dwight Woolsey is it said to be bad luck to rub?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-71272 | 5acf657877cf76001a684d4e | University_of_Kansas | KU Endowment was established in 1891 as America’s first foundation for a public university. Its mission is to partner with donors in providing philanthropic support to build a greater University of Kansas. | What isn't the name of the University of Kansas's foundation? | What isn't the name of the University of Kansas's foundation? | [
"What isn't the name of the University of Kansas's foundation?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-24675 | 56cee70daab44d1400b88c52 | New_York_City | In 1904, the steamship General Slocum caught fire in the East River, killing 1,021 people on board. In 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, the city's worst industrial disaster, took the lives of 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and major improvements... | How many people died on the General Slocum? | How many people died on the General Slocum? | [
"How many people died on the General Slocum?"
] | {
"text": [
"1,021"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
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