gem_id stringlengths 21 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 397
values | context stringlengths 151 1.55k | question stringlengths 12 201 | target stringlengths 12 201 | references listlengths 1 1 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-31929 | 57269d47708984140094cbd2 | Myanmar | The dynasty regrouped and defeated the Portuguese in 1613 and Siam in 1614. It restored a smaller, more manageable kingdom, encompassing Lower Myanmar, Upper Myanmar, Shan states, Lan Na and upper Tenasserim. The Restored Toungoo kings created a legal and political framework whose basic features would continue well int... | In what year was one of the original Myanmar kingdoms restored? | In what year was one of the original Myanmar kingdoms restored? | [
"In what year was one of the original Myanmar kingdoms restored?"
] | {
"text": [
"In 1740, the Mon of Lower Myanmar founded the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom"
],
"answer_start": [
742
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-60545 | 5ace34f132bba1001ae49e48 | Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | The University of Michigan shapes Ann Arbor's economy significantly. It employs about 30,000 workers, including about 12,000 in the medical center. Other employers are drawn to the area by the university's research and development money, and by its graduates. High tech, health services and biotechnology are other major... | What are the four major components of the city's economy? | What are the four major components of the city's economy? | [
"What are the four major components of the city's economy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-51907 | 570c61e4b3d812140066d1be | John,_King_of_England | John had already begun to improve his Channel forces before the loss of Normandy and he rapidly built up further maritime capabilities after its collapse. Most of these ships were placed along the Cinque Ports, but Portsmouth was also enlarged. By the end of 1204 he had around 50 large galleys available; another 54 ves... | 54 vessels were built between what years? | 54 vessels were built between what years? | [
"54 vessels were built between what years?"
] | {
"text": [
"1209 and 1212"
],
"answer_start": [
344
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-103597 | 5a3be402cc5d22001a521c0c | East_Prussia | Upon the invitation of Duke Konrad I of Masovia, the Teutonic Knights took possession of Prussia in the 13th century and created a monastic state to administer the conquered Old Prussians. Local Old-Prussian (north) and Polish (south) toponyms were gradually Germanised. The Knights' expansionist policies, including occ... | What was the name of the first war between the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Poland? | What was the name of the first war between the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Poland? | [
"What was the name of the first war between the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Poland?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6232 | 5ad02daf77cf76001a686d02 | Late_Middle_Ages | The end of medieval drama came about due to a number of factors, including the weakening power of the Catholic Church, the Protestant Reformation and the banning of religious plays in many countries. Elizabeth I forbid all religious plays in 1558 and the great cycle plays had been silenced by the 1580s. Similarly, reli... | In what year weren't religious plays banned in the Netherlands? | In what year weren't religious plays banned in the Netherlands? | [
"In what year weren't religious plays banned in the Netherlands?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-89934 | 5acf603a77cf76001a684cc5 | Somerset | To the north-east of the Somerset Levels, the Mendip Hills are moderately high limestone hills. The central and western Mendip Hills was designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in 1972 and covers 198 km2 (76 sq mi). The main habitat on these hills is calcareous grassland, with some arable agriculture. To the s... | What lies to the east of the Mendip Hills? | What lies to the east of the Mendip Hills? | [
"What lies to the east of the Mendip Hills?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17394 | 5ad11311645df0001a2d0c51 | Uranium | Uranium metal reacts with almost all non-metal elements (with an exception of the noble gases) and their compounds, with reactivity increasing with temperature. Hydrochloric and nitric acids dissolve uranium, but non-oxidizing acids other than hydrochloric acid attack the element very slowly. When finely divided, it ca... | What is a notable form uranium ore is converted into before extraction? | What is a notable form uranium ore is converted into before extraction? | [
"What is a notable form uranium ore is converted into before extraction?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-60875 | 5a3717ea95360f001af1b401 | Gregorian_calendar | In conjunction with the system of months there is a system of weeks. A physical or electronic calendar provides conversion from a given date to the weekday, and shows multiple dates for a given weekday and month. Calculating the day of the week is not very simple, because of the irregularities in the Gregorian system. ... | What was interrupted when the Gregorian calendar was adopted in each country? | What was interrupted when the Gregorian calendar was adopted in each country? | [
"What was interrupted when the Gregorian calendar was adopted in each country?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-76999 | 57267681708984140094c70b | Dutch_language | Unlike other Germanic languages, Dutch doesn't have phonological aspiration of consonants. Like English, Dutch did not participate in the second consonant shift. Like most Germanic languages, the Dutch consonant system did not undergo the High German consonant shift and has a syllable structure that allows fairly compl... | What language other than Dutch also employs final-obstruent devoicing? | What language other than Dutch also employs final-obstruent devoicing? | [
"What language other than Dutch also employs final-obstruent devoicing?"
] | {
"text": [
"German"
],
"answer_start": [
719
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-74748 | 570e66100dc6ce190020500f | Melbourne | Batman's Treaty with the Aborigines was annulled by the New South Wales governor (who at the time governed all of eastern mainland Australia), with compensation paid to members of the association. In 1836, Governor Bourke declared the city the administrative capital of the Port Phillip District of New South Wales, and ... | On what date did the official general post office open? | On what date did the official general post office open? | [
"On what date did the official general post office open?"
] | {
"text": [
"13 April 1837"
],
"answer_start": [
648
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-78511 | 572fba31947a6a140053cbf0 | Greeks | Of the new eastern religions introduced into the Greek world, the most successful was Christianity. From the early centuries of the Common Era, the Greeks identified as Romaioi ("Romans"), by that time the name ‘Hellenes’ denoted pagans. While ethnic distinctions still existed in the Roman Empire, they became secondary... | Did the Roman world consider one ethnocentric lineage to be a great concern ? | Did the Roman world consider one ethnocentric lineage to be a great concern ? | [
"Did the Roman world consider one ethnocentric lineage to be a great concern ?"
] | {
"text": [
"secondary to religious considerations"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114287 | 5726a1b75951b619008f784d | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | In 2003 the paper was accused of racism by the Government over its criticisms of what it perceived as the "open door" policy on immigration. The attacks came from the Prime Minister's press spokesman Alastair Campbell and the Home Secretary David Blunkett (later a Sun columnist). The paper rebutted the claim, believing... | What allegation did the government level against The Sun in 2003? | What allegation did the government level against The Sun in 2003? | [
"What allegation did the government level against The Sun in 2003?"
] | {
"text": [
"racism"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-35920 | 5a7334fc53a187001ae63165 | Comcast | Despite these criticisms, Comcast has appeared on multiple "top places to work" lists. In 2009, it was included on CableFAX magazine's "Top 10 Places to Work in Cable", which cited its "scale, savvy and vision". Similarly, the Philadelphia Business Journal awarded Comcast the silver medal among extra-large companies in... | What newspaper was deemed the best place to work? | What newspaper was deemed the best place to work? | [
"What newspaper was deemed the best place to work?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33975 | 5ad40b3e604f3c001a3ffff2 | Alaska | On March 27, 1964, the massive Good Friday earthquake killed 133 people and destroyed several villages and portions of large coastal communities, mainly by the resultant tsunamis and landslides. It was the second-most-powerful earthquake in the recorded history of the world, with a moment magnitude of 9.2. It was over ... | Did the earthquake or resulting tsunamis and landslides do the least damage to Alaskan communities? | Did the earthquake or resulting tsunamis and landslides do the least damage to Alaskan communities? | [
"Did the earthquake or resulting tsunamis and landslides do the least damage to Alaskan communities?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-12135 | 5ad152f1645df0001a2d1770 | Universal_Studios | By the late 1950s, the motion picture business was again changing. The combination of the studio/theater-chain break-up and the rise of television saw the reduced audience size for cinema productions. The Music Corporation of America (MCA), then predominately a talent agency, had also become a powerful television produ... | When did Universal sell its 1.5-acre studio lot? | When did Universal sell its 1.5-acre studio lot? | [
"When did Universal sell its 1.5-acre studio lot?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-84819 | 57303032a23a5019007fcf2e | San_Diego | The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, Clear Channel Communications; CBS Radio, Midwest Television, Lincoln Financial Media, Finest City Broadcasting, and many other smaller stations and networks. Stations include: KOGO AM 600, KFMB AM 760, KCEO AM 1000, KCBQ AM 1170, K-Praise, KLSD AM 1360 Air... | Which language are some local radio stations available in? | Which language are some local radio stations available in? | [
"Which language are some local radio stations available in?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish"
],
"answer_start": [
652
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111461 | 5732113b0fdd8d15006c6749 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The spread of Greek literature, mythology and philosophy offered Roman poets and antiquarians a model for the interpretation of Rome's festivals and rituals, and the embellishment of its mythology. Ennius translated the work of Graeco-Sicilian Euhemerus, who explained the genesis of the gods as apotheosized mortals. In... | At the end of the Republic, who read the Stoic interpretations of Roman gods and religion? | At the end of the Republic, who read the Stoic interpretations of Roman gods and religion? | [
"At the end of the Republic, who read the Stoic interpretations of Roman gods and religion?"
] | {
"text": [
"literate elite"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-505 | 56f976e69e9bad19000a095b | Marshall_Islands | Most of the residents are Marshallese, who are of Micronesian origin and migrated from Asia several thousand years ago. A minority of Marshallese have some recent Asian ancestry, mainly Japanese. About one-half of the nation's population lives on Majuro, the capital, and Ebeye, a densely populated island. The outer isl... | What is the ethnicity of most Marshall Islands residents? | What is the ethnicity of most Marshall Islands residents? | [
"What is the ethnicity of most Marshall Islands residents?"
] | {
"text": [
"Marshallese"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39495 | 5a8c95adfd22b3001a8d8b92 | FA_Cup | Beginning in August, the competition proceeds as a knockout tournament throughout, consisting of twelve rounds, a semi-final and then a final, in May. A system of byes ensures clubs above Level 9 and 10 enter the competition at later stages. There is no seeding, the fixtures in each round being determined by a random d... | What enters the competition in early stages? | What enters the competition in early stages? | [
"What enters the competition in early stages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-72790 | 570fd8fd80d9841400ab36d4 | Dell | Dell committed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from its global activities by 40% by 2015, with 2008 fiscal year as the baseline year. It is listed in Greenpeace’s Guide to Greener Electronics that scores leading electronics manufacturers according to their policies on sustainability, climate and energy and how green... | By 2015, how much did Dell slate to reduce its emissions? | By 2015, how much did Dell slate to reduce its emissions? | [
"By 2015, how much did Dell slate to reduce its emissions?"
] | {
"text": [
"40%"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-29095 | 571ae17b32177014007e9f80 | Pharmaceutical_industry | In April 1994, the results of a Merck-sponsored study, the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, were announced. Researchers tested simvastatin, later sold by Merck as Zocor, on 4,444 patients with high cholesterol and heart disease. After five years, the study concluded the patients saw a 35% reduction in their cho... | Who received the Laser-Debakey Clinical Medical Research Aware? | Who received the Laser-Debakey Clinical Medical Research Aware? | [
"Who received the Laser-Debakey Clinical Medical Research Aware?"
] | {
"text": [
"Endo"
],
"answer_start": [
458
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-60770 | 570b03a2ec8fbc190045b7d8 | Gregorian_calendar | Lilius's proposals had two components. Firstly, he proposed a correction to the length of the year. The mean tropical year is 365.24219 days long. As the average length of a Julian year is 365.25 days, the Julian year is almost 11 minutes longer than the mean tropical year. The discrepancy results in a drift of about t... | What did Lilius first propose to correct in the calendar? | What did Lilius first propose to correct in the calendar? | [
"What did Lilius first propose to correct in the calendar?"
] | {
"text": [
"length of the year"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-73946 | 56e4644d8c00841900fbaf7a | Architecture | According to Vitruvius, the architect should strive to fulfill each of these three attributes as well as possible. Leon Battista Alberti, who elaborates on the ideas of Vitruvius in his treatise, De Re Aedificatoria, saw beauty primarily as a matter of proportion, although ornament also played a part. For Alberti, the ... | Who wrote De Re Aedificatoria? | Who wrote De Re Aedificatoria? | [
"Who wrote De Re Aedificatoria?"
] | {
"text": [
"Leon Battista Alberti"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33390 | 56f8ad589e9bad19000a02d6 | List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan | East 2nd Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue C and also continues to Bowery. The East end of East 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Streets is Avenue D, with East 6th Street continuing further Eastward and connecting to FDR Drive. | Which street begins just North of East Huston Street and continues to Bowery? | Which street begins just North of East Huston Street and continues to Bowery? | [
"Which street begins just North of East Huston Street and continues to Bowery?"
] | {
"text": [
"East 2nd Street"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17427 | 570e52840b85d914000d7e2c | Uranium | Uranium's average concentration in the Earth's crust is (depending on the reference) 2 to 4 parts per million, or about 40 times as abundant as silver. The Earth's crust from the surface to 25 km (15 mi) down is calculated to contain 1017 kg (2×1017 lb) of uranium while the oceans may contain 1013 kg (2×1013 lb). The c... | How many kilograms of uranium may be contained in the oceans? | How many kilograms of uranium may be contained in the oceans? | [
"How many kilograms of uranium may be contained in the oceans?"
] | {
"text": [
"1013"
],
"answer_start": [
294
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4354 | 56ddf07e9a695914005b96f4 | Institute_of_technology | Collegiate universities grouping several engineering schools or multi-site clusters of French grandes écoles provide sciences and technology curricula as autonomous higher education engineering institutes. They include : | Universities that encompass several engineering schools provide curricula in sciences and what other field? | Universities that encompass several engineering schools provide curricula in sciences and what other field? | [
"Universities that encompass several engineering schools provide curricula in sciences and what other field?"
] | {
"text": [
"technology"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-79910 | 5706414c75f01819005e7ad3 | MP3 | Uncompressed audio as stored on an audio-CD has a bit rate of 1,411.2 kbit/s, (16 bit/sample × 44100 samples/second × 2 channels / 1000 bits/kilobit), so the bitrates 128, 160 and 192 kbit/s represent compression ratios of approximately 11:1, 9:1 and 7:1 respectively. | What would a bit rate of 192 kbit/s have for a compression ratio? | What would a bit rate of 192 kbit/s have for a compression ratio? | [
"What would a bit rate of 192 kbit/s have for a compression ratio?"
] | {
"text": [
"7:1"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-63837 | 5727f8424b864d19001640e2 | USB | The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging port can supp... | What was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 called? | What was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 called? | [
"What was the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 called?"
] | {
"text": [
"the charging port"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27085 | 5a57bf28770dc0001aeefd41 | Orthodox_Judaism | Haredi Judaism advocates segregation from non-Jewish culture, although not from non-Jewish society entirely. It is characterised by its focus on community-wide Torah study. Haredi Orthodoxy's differences with Modern Orthodoxy usually lie in interpretation of the nature of traditional halakhic concepts and in acceptable... | Where is it necessary for a Haredi Jew to attend college? | Where is it necessary for a Haredi Jew to attend college? | [
"Where is it necessary for a Haredi Jew to attend college?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-66164 | 570bf0126b8089140040fad0 | ASCII | ASCII (i/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII). ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCI... | What does ASCII stand for? | What does ASCII stand for? | [
"What does ASCII stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"American Standard Code for Information Interchange"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-21559 | 5730ac218ab72b1400f9c668 | Sumer | The Semitic Akkadian language is first attested in proper names of the kings of Kish c. 2800 BC, preserved in later king lists. There are texts written entirely in Old Akkadian dating from c. 2500 BC. Use of Old Akkadian was at its peak during the rule of Sargon the Great (c. 2270–2215 BC), but even then most administr... | During whose rule was the use of Old Akkadian at its peak? | During whose rule was the use of Old Akkadian at its peak? | [
"During whose rule was the use of Old Akkadian at its peak?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sargon the Great"
],
"answer_start": [
256
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-43544 | 5726c5e45951b619008f7db2 | Korean_War | On 30 September, Zhou Enlai warned the United States that China was prepared to intervene in Korea if the United States crossed the 38th parallel. Zhou attempted to advise North Korean commanders on how to conduct a general withdrawal by using the same tactics which had allowed Chinese communist forces to successfully ... | What may have been North Korea's goal in the way they rapidly withdrew from South Korea? | What may have been North Korea's goal in the way they rapidly withdrew from South Korea? | [
"What may have been North Korea's goal in the way they rapidly withdrew from South Korea?"
] | {
"text": [
"launch guerrilla raids"
],
"answer_start": [
614
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-84515 | 5ad4bed45b96ef001a109f14 | San_Diego | The southern portion of the Point Loma peninsula was set aside for military purposes as early as 1852. Over the next several decades the Army set up a series of coastal artillery batteries and named the area Fort Rosecrans. Significant U.S. Navy presence began in 1901 with the establishment of the Navy Coaling Station ... | What was the final name of today's Marine Corps Air Station Miramar? | What was the final name of today's Marine Corps Air Station Miramar? | [
"What was the final name of today's Marine Corps Air Station Miramar?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-12276 | 5a65bb37c2b11c001a425d20 | Antibiotics | In empirical therapy, a patient has proven or suspected infection, but the responsible microorganism is not yet unidentified. While the microorgainsim is being identified the doctor will usually administer the best choice of antibiotic that will be most active against the likely cause of infection usually a broad spect... | At what age does a microorganism begin empirical therapy? | At what age does a microorganism begin empirical therapy? | [
"At what age does a microorganism begin empirical therapy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-87038 | 570be04b6b8089140040fab8 | Biodiversity | The term biological diversity was used first by wildlife scientist and conservationist Raymond F. Dasmann in the year 1968 lay book A Different Kind of Country advocating conservation. The term was widely adopted only after more than a decade, when in the 1980s it came into common usage in science and environmental pol... | What term was common before biological diversity? | What term was common before biological diversity? | [
"What term was common before biological diversity?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"natural diversity\""
],
"answer_start": [
460
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62202 | 572688895951b619008f7603 | Chicago_Cubs | Jack Brickhouse manned the Cubs radio and especially the TV booth for parts of five decades, the 34-season span from 1948 to 1981. He covered the games with a level of enthusiasm that often seemed unjustified by the team's poor performance on the field for many of those years. His trademark call "Hey Hey!" always follo... | What did Jack Brickhouse do when he approached his retirement age? | What did Jack Brickhouse do when he approached his retirement age? | [
"What did Jack Brickhouse do when he approached his retirement age?"
] | {
"text": [
"he personally recommended his successor"
],
"answer_start": [
557
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-73199 | 56db09ace7c41114004b4ca9 | American_Idol | Ruben Studdard emerged as the winner, beating Clay Aiken by a small margin. Out of a total of 24 million votes, Studdard finished just 134,000 votes ahead of Aiken. This slim margin of victory was controversial due to the large number of calls that failed to get through. In an interview prior to season five, executive ... | How many more votes did Studdard have at the finale? | How many more votes did Studdard have at the finale? | [
"How many more votes did Studdard have at the finale?"
] | {
"text": [
"134,000"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-16017 | 57342f81d058e614000b6ab9 | Infection | When infection attacks the body, anti-infective drugs can suppress the infection. Several broad types of anti-infective drugs exist, depending on the type of organism targeted; they include antibacterial (antibiotic; including antitubercular), antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic (including antiprotozoal and antihel... | How many broad types of anti-infective drugs exist? | How many broad types of anti-infective drugs exist? | [
"How many broad types of anti-infective drugs exist?"
] | {
"text": [
"Several"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-42118 | 5ad23389d7d075001a4287a2 | Karl_Popper | In 1928, he earned a doctorate in psychology, under the supervision of Karl Bühler. His dissertation was entitled "Die Methodenfrage der Denkpsychologie" (The question of method in cognitive psychology). In 1929, he obtained the authorisation to teach mathematics and physics in secondary school, which he started doing.... | What kind of leave did Popper use to visit Italy? | What kind of leave did Popper use to visit Italy? | [
"What kind of leave did Popper use to visit Italy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1781 | 570b40946b8089140040f838 | Military_history_of_the_United_States | When revolutionary France declared war on Great Britain in 1793, the United States sought to remain neutral, but the Jay Treaty, which was favorable to Great Britain, angered the French government, which viewed it as a violation of the 1778 Treaty of Alliance. French privateers began to seize U.S. vessels, which led to... | What was the US policy when France declared war on England in 1793? | What was the US policy when France declared war on England in 1793? | [
"What was the US policy when France declared war on England in 1793?"
] | {
"text": [
"to remain neutral"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-41437 | 56d51d272593cc1400307a83 | 2008_Sichuan_earthquake | Both the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China. Copper rose over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected, and oil prices dropped over speculations that demand from China would fall. | Besides the Shanghai Stock Exchange, what other exchange suspended trading of southwestern China stock? | Besides the Shanghai Stock Exchange, what other exchange suspended trading of southwestern China stock? | [
"Besides the Shanghai Stock Exchange, what other exchange suspended trading of southwestern China stock?"
] | {
"text": [
"Shenzhen Stock Exchange"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-45879 | 5ace37cb32bba1001ae49edd | YouTube | At the time of uploading a video, YouTube users are shown a message asking them not to violate copyright laws. Despite this advice, there are still many unauthorized clips of copyrighted material on YouTube. YouTube does not view videos before they are posted online, and it is left to copyright holders to issue a DMCA ... | What does the Online Copyright Liability Limitation Infringement Act allow copyright holders to do? | What does the Online Copyright Liability Limitation Infringement Act allow copyright holders to do? | [
"What does the Online Copyright Liability Limitation Infringement Act allow copyright holders to do?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56256 | 5727752b708984140094de21 | Nonprofit_organization | Canada also permits a variety of charities (including public and private foundations). Charitable status is granted by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) upon application by a nonprofit; charities are allowed to issue income tax receipts to donors, must spend a certain percentage of their assets (including cash, investmen... | Who grants a charitable status to an NPO in Canada? | Who grants a charitable status to an NPO in Canada? | [
"Who grants a charitable status to an NPO in Canada?"
] | {
"text": [
"Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-67293 | 5709b099200fba140036826f | Animal | Because of the great diversity found in animals, it is more economical for scientists to study a small number of chosen species so that connections can be drawn from their work and conclusions extrapolated about how animals function in general. Because they are easy to keep and breed, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogas... | Why are the fruit fly and the nematode the most intensively studied metazoan model organisms? | Why are the fruit fly and the nematode the most intensively studied metazoan model organisms? | [
"Why are the fruit fly and the nematode the most intensively studied metazoan model organisms?"
] | {
"text": [
"they are easy to keep and breed"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-86651 | 5a78be3db73996001af5b022 | Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects | The Institute also maintains a dozen regional offices around the United Kingdom, it opened its first regional office for the East of England at Cambridge in 1966. | What territory did RIBA's Cambridge branch office avoid? | What territory did RIBA's Cambridge branch office avoid? | [
"What territory did RIBA's Cambridge branch office avoid?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-55960 | 56e7985000c9c71400d77340 | Arena_Football_League | The test game was played in Rockford, Illinois, at the Rockford MetroCentre. Sponsors were secured, and players and coaches from local colleges were recruited to volunteer to play for the teams, the Chicago Politicians and Rockford Metros, with the guarantee of a tryout should the league take off. Interest was high eno... | On what date did the second test game take place? | On what date did the second test game take place? | [
"On what date did the second test game take place?"
] | {
"text": [
"February 26, 1987"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-55745 | 5725eb6c271a42140099d324 | Clothing | The most obvious function of clothing is to improve the comfort of the wearer, by protecting the wearer from the elements. In hot climates, clothing provides protection from sunburn or wind damage, while in cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important. Shelter usually reduces the functio... | In what type of climate does clothing protect against sunburn and wind damage? | In what type of climate does clothing protect against sunburn and wind damage? | [
"In what type of climate does clothing protect against sunburn and wind damage?"
] | {
"text": [
"hot"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83505 | 5727e7654b864d1900163fb0 | Dominican_Order | Women could not be professed to the Dominican religious life before the age of thirteen. The formula for profession contained in the Constitutions of Montargis Priory (1250) demands that nuns pledge obedience to God, the Blessed Virgin, their prioress and her successors according to the Rule of St. Augustine and the in... | What were the nuns tested on? | What were the nuns tested on? | [
"What were the nuns tested on?"
] | {
"text": [
"intellectual abilities"
],
"answer_start": [
614
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-58206 | 5727659a5951b619008f8962 | Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | What did two prominent black professors point out at the panel discussion? | What did two prominent black professors point out at the panel discussion? | [
"What did two prominent black professors point out at the panel discussion?"
] | {
"text": [
"an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard"
],
"answer_start": [
217
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-82747 | 56e064667aa994140058e442 | Saint_Helena | In 1989, Prince Andrew launched the replacement RMS St Helena to serve the island; the vessel was specially built for the Cardiff–Cape Town route and features a mixed cargo/passenger layout. | Who launched the replacement RMS St Helena? | Who launched the replacement RMS St Helena? | [
"Who launched the replacement RMS St Helena?"
] | {
"text": [
"Prince Andrew"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-90749 | 5732253be99e3014001e6559 | Pacific_War | The Japanese responded to the Allied attacks by launching an offensive of their own into India in the middle of March, across the mountainous and densely forested frontier. This attack, codenamed Operation U-Go, was advocated by Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi, the recently promoted commander of the Japanese Fifteen... | Who commanded the Japanese Fifteenth Army in Operation U-Go? | Who commanded the Japanese Fifteenth Army in Operation U-Go? | [
"Who commanded the Japanese Fifteenth Army in Operation U-Go?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-87909 | 5ad3d9b3604f3c001a3ff3a9 | Tristan_da_Cunha | There is an annual break from government and factory work which begins before Christmas and lasts for 3 weeks. Break-Up Day is usually marked with parties at various work "departments". Break-Up includes the Island Store, which means that families must be organised to have a full larder of provisions during the period.... | For how long does the biannual break from government last? | For how long does the biannual break from government last? | [
"For how long does the biannual break from government last?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70748 | 573113b905b4da19006bcd4e | Bird | The earliest known avialan fossils come from the Tiaojishan Formation of China, which has been dated to the late Jurassic period (Oxfordian stage), about 160 million years ago. The avialan species from this time period include Anchiornis huxleyi, Xiaotingia zhengi, and Aurornis xui. The well-known early avialan, Archae... | The Oxfordian stage is also known as what? | The Oxfordian stage is also known as what? | [
"The Oxfordian stage is also known as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"late Jurassic period"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-64246 | 572807b63acd2414000df2ab | John_von_Neumann | Von Neumann's mathematical analysis of the structure of self-replication preceded the discovery of the structure of DNA. In a short list of facts about his life he submitted to the National Academy of Sciences, he stated "The part of my work I consider most essential is that on quantum mechanics, which developed in Göt... | What was the topic of Von Neumann's work at Princeton in 1931 - 32? | What was the topic of Von Neumann's work at Princeton in 1931 - 32? | [
"What was the topic of Von Neumann's work at Princeton in 1931 - 32?"
] | {
"text": [
"ergodic theorem"
],
"answer_start": [
472
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6930 | 57313738497a881900248c6a | Red | During the French Revolution, Red became a symbol of liberty and personal freedom used by the Jacobins and other more radical parties. Many of them wore a red Phrygian cap, or liberty cap, modeled after the caps worn by freed slaves in Ancient Rome. During the height of the Reign of Terror, Women wearing red caps gathe... | During what years did the Reign of Terror take place? | During what years did the Reign of Terror take place? | [
"During what years did the Reign of Terror take place?"
] | {
"text": [
"1792 and 1793"
],
"answer_start": [
475
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-67138 | 572706815951b619008f84d3 | Nutrition | In the US, dietitians are registered (RD) or licensed (LD) with the Commission for Dietetic Registration and the American Dietetic Association, and are only able to use the title "dietitian," as described by the business and professions codes of each respective state, when they have met specific educational and experie... | What is the abbreviation for licensed dietitians in the US? | What is the abbreviation for licensed dietitians in the US? | [
"What is the abbreviation for licensed dietitians in the US?"
] | {
"text": [
"LD"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-53179 | 5a68dd728476ee001a58a7fe | Sichuan | Throughout its prehistory and early history, the region and its vicinity in the Yangtze region was the cradle of unique local civilizations which can be dated back to at least the 15th century BC and coinciding with the later years of the Shang and Zhou dynasties in North China. Sichuan was referred to in ancient Chine... | Where were the kingdoms of Shang and Zhou located? | Where were the kingdoms of Shang and Zhou located? | [
"Where were the kingdoms of Shang and Zhou located?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-80598 | 5a66b1a1f038b7001ab0c0a4 | Data_compression | In contrast to the speed of compression, which is proportional to the number of operations required by the algorithm, here latency refers to the number of samples that must be analysed before a block of audio is processed. In the minimum case, latency is zero samples (e.g., if the coder/decoder simply reduces the numbe... | What refers to the number of samples that must be analyzed before a coding is processed? | What refers to the number of samples that must be analyzed before a coding is processed? | [
"What refers to the number of samples that must be analyzed before a coding is processed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11110 | 5ad2ee84604f3c001a3fd9ef | Anthropology | Anthropology of development tends to view development from a critical perspective. The kind of issues addressed and implications for the approach simply involve pondering why, if a key development goal is to alleviate poverty, is poverty increasing? Why is there such a gap between plans and outcomes? Why are those work... | What tends to view development from a positive perspective? | What tends to view development from a positive perspective? | [
"What tends to view development from a positive perspective?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-72992 | 56d2202ce7d4791d00902679 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Ke... | What record producer was an original judge on American Idol? | What record producer was an original judge on American Idol? | [
"What record producer was an original judge on American Idol?"
] | {
"text": [
"Randy Jackson"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-3922 | 56beabab3aeaaa14008c91db | Beyoncé | In an interview published by Vogue in April 2013, Beyoncé was asked if she considers herself a feminist, to which she said, "that word can be very extreme... But I guess I am a modern-day feminist. I do believe in equality". She would later align herself more publicly with the movement, sampling "We should all be femin... | Beyonce did an interview with which magazine and was asked about feminism? | Beyonce did an interview with which magazine and was asked about feminism? | [
"Beyonce did an interview with which magazine and was asked about feminism?"
] | {
"text": [
"Vogue"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-43993 | 56cf7f014df3c31400b0d85b | Kanye_West | During a November 26, 2013 radio interview, West explained why he believed that President Obama had problems pushing policies in Washington: "Man, let me tell you something about George Bush and oil money and Obama and no money. People want to say Obama can't make these moves or he's not executing. That's because he ai... | What president did Kanye comment on as having trouble pushing policies while in office? | What president did Kanye comment on as having trouble pushing policies while in office? | [
"What president did Kanye comment on as having trouble pushing policies while in office?"
] | {
"text": [
"Obama"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-57950 | 5ad41158604f3c001a4001fc | Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States | The first time "affirmative action" is used by the federal government concerning race is in President John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925, which was chaired by Vice President Johnson. At Johnson's inaugural ball in Texas, he met with a young black lawyer, Hobart Taylor Jr., and gave him the task to co-author the ex... | Who chaired the committee destroyed by Executive Order 10925? | Who chaired the committee destroyed by Executive Order 10925? | [
" Who chaired the committee destroyed by Executive Order 10925?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102897 | 5acd1b1d07355d001abf3544 | Unicode | The Consortium first published The Unicode Standard (ISBN 0-321-18578-1) in 1991 and continues to develop standards based on that original work. The latest version of the standard, Unicode 8.0, was released in June 2015 and is available from the consortium's website. The last of the major versions (versions x.0) to be ... | When was it announced that Unicode would no longer be available in book form? | When was it announced that Unicode would no longer be available in book form? | [
"When was it announced that Unicode would no longer be available in book form?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-87032 | 5a8ca068fd22b3001a8d8c1f | Biodiversity | The number and variety of plants, animals and other organisms that exist is known as biodiversity. It is an essential component of nature and it ensures the survival of human species by providing food, fuel, shelter, medicines and other resources to mankind. The richness of biodiversity depends on the climatic conditio... | What term describes all the species of insects in existence? | What term describes all the species of insects in existence? | [
"What term describes all the species of insects in existence?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15360 | 5706511d52bb8914006899e2 | Black_people | Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Moroc... | What ethnicity was his mother? | What ethnicity was his mother? | [
"What ethnicity was his mother?"
] | {
"text": [
"Fulani"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39278 | 57324c76e99e3014001e6668 | Protestantism | Puritans were blocked from changing the established church from within, and were severely restricted in England by laws controlling the practice of religion. Their beliefs, however, were transported by the emigration of congregations to the Netherlands (and later to New England), and by evangelical clergy to Ireland (a... | What movement influenced the Puritans? | What movement influenced the Puritans? | [
"What movement influenced the Puritans?"
] | {
"text": [
"millennialism"
],
"answer_start": [
755
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-92086 | 57276f4cdd62a815002e9cc6 | Cotton | In addition to concerns over subsidies, the cotton industries of some countries are criticized for employing child labor and damaging workers' health by exposure to pesticides used in production. The Environmental Justice Foundation has campaigned against the prevalent use of forced child and adult labor in cotton prod... | What type of labor have some countries come under fire for employing? | What type of labor have some countries come under fire for employing? | [
"What type of labor have some countries come under fire for employing?"
] | {
"text": [
"child"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-40062 | 572a48aefed8de19000d5b6d | New_Haven,_Connecticut | Artspace on Orange Street is one of several contemporary art galleries around the city, showcasing the work of local, national, and international artists. Others include City Gallery and A. Leaf Gallery in the downtown area. Westville galleries include Kehler Liddell, Jennifer Jane Gallery, and The Hungry Eye. The Erec... | What is the name of the art gallery that hosts multiple artist locally and around the world? | What is the name of the art gallery that hosts multiple artist locally and around the world? | [
"What is the name of the art gallery that hosts multiple artist locally and around the world?"
] | {
"text": [
"Artspace"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-28444 | 5ad4db535b96ef001a10a417 | Steven_Spielberg | A collector of film memorabilia, Spielberg purchased a balsa Rosebud sled from Citizen Kane (1941) in 1982. He bought Orson Welles's own directorial copy of the script for the radio broadcast The War of the Worlds (1938) in 1994. Spielberg has purchased Academy Award statuettes being sold on the open market and donated... | Who wrote The War of the Worlds (1938 version)? | Who wrote The War of the Worlds (1938 version)? | [
"Who wrote The War of the Worlds (1938 version)?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-66584 | 5728a6bc4b864d1900164b7e | Brigham_Young_University | Some 97 percent of male BYU graduates and 32 percent of female graduates took a hiatus from their undergraduate studies at one point to serve as LDS missionaries. In October 2012, the LDS Church announced at its general conference that young men could serve a mission after they turn 18 and have graduated from high scho... | At what age, since 2012, are men allowed to serve a mission after high school graduation? | At what age, since 2012, are men allowed to serve a mission after high school graduation? | [
"At what age, since 2012, are men allowed to serve a mission after high school graduation?"
] | {
"text": [
"18"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-85943 | 572f688b04bcaa1900d768ed | Tucson,_Arizona | Tucson was probably first visited by Paleo-Indians, known to have been in southern Arizona about 12,000 years ago. Recent archaeological excavations near the Santa Cruz River have located a village site dating from 2100 BC.[citation needed] The floodplain of the Santa Cruz River was extensively farmed during the Early ... | Near what river was a village site dating from 2100 BC found? | Near what river was a village site dating from 2100 BC found? | [
"Near what river was a village site dating from 2100 BC found? "
] | {
"text": [
"Santa Cruz River"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17714 | 56cdf52c62d2951400fa69cb | Spectre_(2015_film) | Following filming in Mexico, and during a scheduled break, Craig was flown to New York to undergo minor surgery to fix his knee injury. It was reported that filming was not affected and he had returned to filming at Pinewood Studios as planned on 22 April. | When did Craig go back to work? | When did Craig go back to work? | [
"When did Craig go back to work?"
] | {
"text": [
"22 April"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-24387 | 56df50f88bc80c19004e4a65 | Lighting | Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects. | What type of fixtures are used typically used for indoor lighting? | What type of fixtures are used typically used for indoor lighting? | [
"What type of fixtures are used typically used for indoor lighting?"
] | {
"text": [
"light fixtures"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65405 | 57271960708984140094d9b1 | Crimean_War | Camillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when the issue of uniting... | Where was Victor Emmanuel II from? | Where was Victor Emmanuel II from? | [
"Where was Victor Emmanuel II from?"
] | {
"text": [
"Piedmont-Sardinia"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-78640 | 5ad29a11d7d075001a429b94 | Greeks | Today, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited h... | In the Republic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace don't they represent? | In the Republic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace don't they represent? | [
"In the Republic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace don't they represent?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-3358 | 5a5191fcb308da001a5a2303 | Southeast_Asia | Homo sapiens reached the region by around 45,000 years ago, having moved eastwards from the Indian subcontinent. Homo floresiensis also lived in the area up until 12,000 years ago, when they became extinct. Austronesian people, who form the majority of the modern population in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, East Timor, a... | Who moved into the area 12,000 years ago? | Who moved into the area 12,000 years ago? | [
"Who moved into the area 12,000 years ago?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-40289 | 572bcd9b111d821400f38f8a | New_Haven,_Connecticut | New Haven is repeatedly referenced by Nick Carraway in F. Scott Fitzgerald's literary classic The Great Gatsby, as well as by fellow fictional Yale alumnus C. Montgomery Burns, a character from The Simpsons television show. A fictional native of New Haven is Alex Welch from the novella, The Odd Saga of the American and... | What relations does the television show Gilmore Girls have to New Haven city? | What relations does the television show Gilmore Girls have to New Haven city? | [
"What relations does the television show Gilmore Girls have to New Haven city?"
] | {
"text": [
"is set (but not filmed) in New Haven"
],
"answer_start": [
374
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1440 | 57315596a5e9cc1400cdbe9b | Mosaic | The abundant variety of natural life depicted in the Butrint mosaics celebrates the richness of God’s creation; some elements also have specific connotations. The kantharos vase and vine refer to the eucharist, the symbol of the sacrifice of Christ leading to salvation. Peacocks are symbols of paradise and resurrection... | What was depicted on the Butrint mosaics in abundance? | What was depicted on the Butrint mosaics in abundance? | [
"What was depicted on the Butrint mosaics in abundance?"
] | {
"text": [
"natural life"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-90890 | 57325111e17f3d1400422854 | Pacific_War | A widely publicised example of institutionalised sexual slavery are "comfort women", a euphemism for the 200,000 women, mostly from Korea and China, who served in the Japanese army's camps during World War II. Some 35 Dutch comfort women brought a successful case before the Batavia Military Tribunal in 1948. In 1993, C... | In 2007 which Japenese Prime Minister said there was no proof of coercion of women to be sexual slaves? | In 2007 which Japenese Prime Minister said there was no proof of coercion of women to be sexual slaves? | [
"In 2007 which Japenese Prime Minister said there was no proof of coercion of women to be sexual slaves?"
] | {
"text": [
"Shinzō Abe"
],
"answer_start": [
558
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56426 | 572eb7d5dfa6aa1500f8d305 | Geography_of_the_United_States | From 1989 through 1996, the total area of the US was listed as 9,372,610 km2 (3,618,780 sq mi) (land + inland water only). The listed total area changed to 9,629,091 km2 (3,717,813 sq mi) in 1997 (Great Lakes area and coastal waters added), to 9,631,418 km2 (3,718,711 sq mi) in 2004, to 9,631,420 km2 (3,718,710 sq mi) ... | According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, what is the total area of the US in miles? | According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, what is the total area of the US in miles? | [
"According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, what is the total area of the US in miles?"
] | {
"text": [
"3,676,486 sq mi"
],
"answer_start": [
608
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-16318 | 5731799c497a881900248f58 | Muammar_Gaddafi | On 16 April 1973, Gaddafi proclaimed the start of a "Popular Revolution" in a Zuwarah speech. He initiated this with a 5-point plan, the first point of which dissolved all existing laws, to be replaced by revolutionary enactments. The second point proclaimed that all opponents of the revolution had to be removed, while... | What type of revolution began as a result of the third point? | What type of revolution began as a result of the third point? | [
"What type of revolution began as a result of the third point?"
] | {
"text": [
"administrative"
],
"answer_start": [
344
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-3886 | 56d4d0c32ccc5a1400d83251 | Beyoncé | Beyoncé is believed to have first started a relationship with Jay Z after a collaboration on "'03 Bonnie & Clyde", which appeared on his seventh album The Blueprint 2: The Gift & The Curse (2002). Beyoncé appeared as Jay Z's girlfriend in the music video for the song, which would further fuel speculation of their relat... | What did Beyoncé describe as the saddest thing in her life? | What did Beyoncé describe as the saddest thing in her life? | [
"What did Beyoncé describe as the saddest thing in her life?"
] | {
"text": [
"miscarriage"
],
"answer_start": [
617
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-49174 | 5a86f0d51d3cee001a6a104f | Tuberculosis | In 15–20% of active cases, the infection spreads outside the lungs, causing other kinds of TB. These are collectively denoted as "extrapulmonary tuberculosis". Extrapulmonary TB occurs more commonly in immunosuppressed persons and young children. In those with HIV, this occurs in more than 50% of cases. Notable extrapu... | What does a tuberculous ulcer result in? | What does a tuberculous ulcer result in? | [
"What does a tuberculous ulcer result in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-51620 | 5706983475f01819005e7c23 | New_Delhi | New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delh... | What are the most common languages spoken in New Delhi? | What are the most common languages spoken in New Delhi? | [
"What are the most common languages spoken in New Delhi?"
] | {
"text": [
"Hindi and Punjabi"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-79081 | 56d1324717492d1400aabbfa | The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess | Media requests at the trade show prompted Kondo to consider using orchestral music for the other tracks in the game as well, a notion reinforced by his preference for live instruments. He originally envisioned a full 50-person orchestra for action sequences and a string quartet for more "lyrical moments", though the fi... | Who made the requests for Kondo to use orchestral music throughout the game? | Who made the requests for Kondo to use orchestral music throughout the game? | [
"Who made the requests for Kondo to use orchestral music throughout the game?"
] | {
"text": [
"Media"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-66714 | 57278c7b5951b619008f8d23 | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On February 7, 1987, dozens of political prisoners were freed in the first group release since Khrushchev's "thaw" in the mid-1950s. On May 6, 1987, Pamyat, a Russian nationalist group, held an unsanctioned demonstration in Moscow. The authorities did not break up the demonstration and even kept traffic out of the demo... | Who demonstrated close to the Kremlin in July of 1978? | Who demonstrated close to the Kremlin in July of 1978? | [
"Who demonstrated close to the Kremlin in July of 1978?"
] | {
"text": [
"Crimean Tatars"
],
"answer_start": [
506
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48047 | 5726f4ddf1498d1400e8f0f1 | Napoleon | Napoleon's use of propaganda contributed to his rise to power, legitimated his régime, and established his image for posterity. Strict censorship, controlling aspects of the press, books, theater, and art, was part of his propaganda scheme, aimed at portraying him as bringing desperately wanted peace and stability to F... | Napoleon created a relationship with the art community to commission work specifically targeting what segment of his audience? | Napoleon created a relationship with the art community to commission work specifically targeting what segment of his audience? | [
"Napoleon created a relationship with the art community to commission work specifically targeting what segment of his audience?"
] | {
"text": [
"civilian"
],
"answer_start": [
594
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-61046 | 5acebcaf32bba1001ae4b260 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | What did the Metropolitan Police Act say police weren't a subset of? | What did the Metropolitan Police Act say police weren't a subset of? | [
"What did the Metropolitan Police Act say police weren't a subset of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-84508 | 572fec9504bcaa1900d76ebb | San_Diego | The southern portion of the Point Loma peninsula was set aside for military purposes as early as 1852. Over the next several decades the Army set up a series of coastal artillery batteries and named the area Fort Rosecrans. Significant U.S. Navy presence began in 1901 with the establishment of the Navy Coaling Station ... | What names was given to coastal artillery batteries erected shortly after 1852? | What names was given to coastal artillery batteries erected shortly after 1852? | [
"What names was given to coastal artillery batteries erected shortly after 1852?"
] | {
"text": [
"Fort Rosecrans"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-40021 | 572a3b543f37b319004787f2 | New_Haven,_Connecticut | New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country, or even in the world. New Haven-style pizza, called "apizza" (pronounced ah-BEETS, [aˈpitts] in the original Italian dialect), made its debut at the iconic Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana (known as P... | White clam pie is found in what district of New Haven? | White clam pie is found in what district of New Haven? | [
"White clam pie is found in what district of New Haven?"
] | {
"text": [
"Wooster Street in the Little Italy section"
],
"answer_start": [
731
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70635 | 56dfeddd7aa994140058e283 | Pub | The highest pub in the United Kingdom is the Tan Hill Inn, Yorkshire, at 1,732 feet (528 m) above sea level. The remotest pub on the British mainland is The Old Forge in the village of Inverie, Lochaber, Scotland. There is no road access and it may only be reached by an 18-mile (29 km) walk over mountains, or a 7-mile ... | How many meters above sea level is the Tan Hill Inn? | How many meters above sea level is the Tan Hill Inn? | [
"How many meters above sea level is the Tan Hill Inn?"
] | {
"text": [
"528"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-95460 | 57269a03708984140094cb59 | Yale_University | The Revolutionary War soldier Nathan Hale (Yale 1773) was the prototype of the Yale ideal in the early 19th century: a manly yet aristocratic scholar, equally well-versed in knowledge and sports, and a patriot who "regretted" that he "had but one life to lose" for his country. Western painter Frederic Remington (Yale 1... | What was the name of the protagonist of "Stover at Yale"? | What was the name of the protagonist of "Stover at Yale"? | [
"What was the name of the protagonist of \"Stover at Yale\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"Frank Stover"
],
"answer_start": [
555
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32239 | 5ad2b664d7d075001a42a006 | Antarctica | Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common r... | What closely resembles the Andes mountain range of Antarctica? | What closely resembles the Andes mountain range of Antarctica? | [
"What closely resembles the Andes mountain range of Antarctica?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-100062 | 5ace56ec32bba1001ae4a31d | Guam | The core culture or Pengngan Chamorro is based on complex social protocol centered upon respect: From sniffing over the hands of the elders (called mangnginge in Chamorro), the passing down of legends, chants, and courtship rituals, to a person asking for permission from spiritual ancestors before entering a jungle or ... | What are the Chamorro canoes made of? | What are the Chamorro canoes made of? | [
"What are the Chamorro canoes made of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-96736 | 5727a4ee3acd2414000de8b7 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Christians believe that Jesus’ death was instrumental in restoring humankind to relationship with God. Christians believe that through faith in Jesus’ substitutionary death and triumphant resurrection people are reunited with God and receive new joy and power in this life as well as eternal life in heaven after the bod... | What do Christians believe regarding Jesus' death? | What do Christians believe regarding Jesus' death? | [
"What do Christians believe regarding Jesus' death?"
] | {
"text": [
"instrumental in restoring humankind to relationship with God"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14265 | 572eba61c246551400ce459f | Han_dynasty | China's first imperial dynasty was the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC). The Qin unified the Chinese Warring States by conquest, but their empire became unstable after the death of the first emperor Qin Shi Huangdi. Within four years, the dynasty's authority had collapsed in the face of rebellion. Two former rebel leaders, Xia... | What ultimately caused the Qin dynasty's authority to be dissolved? | What ultimately caused the Qin dynasty's authority to be dissolved? | [
"What ultimately caused the Qin dynasty's authority to be dissolved?"
] | {
"text": [
"rebellion"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110141 | 57102438b654c5140001f851 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Around 1890, a political movement developed in the United States to mandate private executions. Several states enacted laws which required executions to be conducted within a "wall" or "enclosure" to "exclude public view." For example, in 1919, the Missouri legislature adopted a statute (L.1919, p. 781) which required,... | In the Missouri of 1919, who handed out passes to witness executions? | In the Missouri of 1919, who handed out passes to witness executions? | [
"In the Missouri of 1919, who handed out passes to witness executions?"
] | {
"text": [
"the local sheriff"
],
"answer_start": [
479
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-29597 | 570c46c0b3d812140066d069 | Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The adoption of the mother of Jesus as a virtual goddess may represent a reintroduction of aspects of the worship of Isis. "When looking at images of the Egyptian goddess Isis and those of the Virgin Mary, one may initially observe iconographic similarities. These parallels have led many scholars to suggest that there ... | What kind of relationship do some scholars believe exists between Isis and Mary? | What kind of relationship do some scholars believe exists between Isis and Mary? | [
"What kind of relationship do some scholars believe exists between Isis and Mary?"
] | {
"text": [
"iconographic"
],
"answer_start": [
334
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65448 | 5727279cf1498d1400e8f426 | Crimean_War | The Crimean War also saw the first tactical use of railways and other modern inventions, such as the electric telegraph, with the first "live" war reporting to The Times by William Howard Russell. Some credit Russell with prompting the resignation of the sitting British government through his reporting of the lacklustr... | The tactical use of railways was first used during what war? | The tactical use of railways was first used during what war? | [
"The tactical use of railways was first used during what war?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Crimean War"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
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