gem_id stringlengths 21 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 397
values | context stringlengths 151 1.55k | question stringlengths 12 201 | target stringlengths 12 201 | references listlengths 1 1 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-100072 | 572b589c34ae481900deadb1 | Guam | Guam is governed by a popularly elected governor and a unicameral 15-member legislature, whose members are known as senators. Guam elects one non-voting delegate, currently Democrat Madeleine Z. Bordallo, to the United States House of Representatives. U.S. citizens in Guam vote in a straw poll for their choice in the U... | How many people make up the Guam legislation? | How many people make up the Guam legislation? | [
"How many people make up the Guam legislation?"
] | {
"text": [
"15"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32281 | 5ad2ac0ad7d075001a429e87 | Antarctica | During the Nimrod Expedition led by Ernest Shackleton in 1907, parties led by Edgeworth David became the first to climb Mount Erebus and to reach the South Magnetic Pole. Douglas Mawson, who assumed the leadership of the Magnetic Pole party on their perilous return, went on to lead several expeditions until retiring in... | Who led Nimrod Expedition to Antarctica? | Who led Nimrod Expedition to Antarctica? | [
"Who led Nimrod Expedition to Antarctica? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19633 | 5ad5ff435b96ef001a10aff3 | Comprehensive_school | In 1970 Margaret Thatcher became Secretary of State for Education of the new Conservative government. She ended the compulsion on local authorities to convert, however, many local authorities were so far down the path that it would have been prohibitively expensive to attempt to reverse the process, and more comprehens... | What kind of school did Thatcher start the compulsion for existing schools to convert to? | What kind of school did Thatcher start the compulsion for existing schools to convert to? | [
"What kind of school did Thatcher start the compulsion for existing schools to convert to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-49663 | 570d710ffed7b91900d4610a | Valencia | The public water supply network was completed in 1850, and in 1858 the architects Sebastián Monleón Estellés, Antonino Sancho, and Timoteo Calvo drafted a general expansion project for the city that included demolishing its ancient walls (a second version was printed in 1868). Neither proposed project received final ap... | What was finished in 1850? | What was finished in 1850? | [
"What was finished in 1850?"
] | {
"text": [
"public water supply network"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48843 | 57199c7d4faf5e1900b8a7d6 | Athanasius_of_Alexandria | Conflict with Arius and Arianism as well as successive Roman emperors shaped Athanasius's career. In 325, at the age of 27, Athanasius began his leading role against the Arians as his bishop's assistant during the First Council of Nicaea. Roman emperor Constantine the Great had convened the council in May–August 325 to... | Athanasius began his leading role at what age? | Athanasius began his leading role at what age? | [
"Athanasius began his leading role at what age?"
] | {
"text": [
"27"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-93066 | 5aceebed32bba1001ae4b927 | Tajikistan | The Pamiri people of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in the southeast, bordering Afghanistan and China, though considered part of the Tajik ethnicity, nevertheless are distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks. In contrast to the mostly Sunni Muslim residents of the rest of Tajikistan, the Pamiris ov... | What people are not distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks? | What people are not distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks? | [
"What people are not distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-79146 | 5a8dbfa2df8bba001a0f9bc2 | The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess | Twilight Princess was released to universal critical acclaim and commercial success. It received perfect scores from major publications such as 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, and GameSpy. On the review aggregators GameRankings and Metacritic, Twilight Princess h... | What was the reception of GameTrailers? | What was the reception of GameTrailers? | [
"What was the reception of GameTrailers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17582 | 5ad22870d7d075001a42855b | Spectre_(2015_film) | In November 2013 MGM and the McClory estate formally settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC—sister company of Eon Productions—with MGM acquiring the full copyright film rights to the concept of Spectre and all of the characters associated with it. With the acquisition of the film rights and the organisation's re-introducti... | Who is a brother company to Eon Productions? | Who is a brother company to Eon Productions? | [
"Who is a brother company to Eon Productions?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-26969 | 5709eb696d058f1900182c24 | United_States_dollar | Technically, all these coins are still legal tender at face value, though some are far more valuable today for their numismatic value, and for gold and silver coins, their precious metal value. From 1965 to 1970 the Kennedy half dollar was the only circulating coin with any silver content, which was removed in 1971 and... | What was the only coin with any silver content in circulation from 1965 to 1970? | What was the only coin with any silver content in circulation from 1965 to 1970? | [
"What was the only coin with any silver content in circulation from 1965 to 1970?"
] | {
"text": [
"Kennedy half dollar"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108852 | 5a7e3ecd70df9f001a875637 | Literature | As a more urban culture developed, academies provided a means of transmission for speculative and philosophical literature in early civilizations, resulting in the prevalence of literature in Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome. Many works of earlier periods, even in narrative form, had a c... | What was epic poetry the specialty of? | What was epic poetry the specialty of? | [
"What was epic poetry the specialty of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14883 | 573360a4d058e614000b5988 | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Whitehead makes the startling observation that "life is comparatively deficient in survival value." If humans can only exist for about a hundred years, and rocks for eight hundred million, then one is forced to ask why complex organisms ever evolved in the first place; as Whitehead humorously notes, "they certainly did... | What was Whitehead's response to questions about why complex life evolved? | What was Whitehead's response to questions about why complex life evolved? | [
"What was Whitehead's response to questions about why complex life evolved?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"they certainly did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them.\""
],
"answer_start": [
301
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-86324 | 570cdf17fed7b91900d45a43 | Gymnastics | Aesthetic Group Gymnastics (AGG) was developed from the Finnish "naisvoimistelu". It differs from Rhythmic Gymnastics in that body movement is large and continuous and teams are larger' Athletes do not use apparatus in international AGG competitions compared to Rhythmic Gymnastics where ball, ribbon, hoop and clubs are... | What year was the Federsation of Aesthetic Group Gymnastics established? | What year was the Federsation of Aesthetic Group Gymnastics established? | [
"What year was the Federsation of Aesthetic Group Gymnastics established?"
] | {
"text": [
"2003"
],
"answer_start": [
871
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-77453 | 573245c9e99e3014001e6615 | Armenians | During Soviet rule, Armenian athletes rose to prominence winning plenty of medals and helping the USSR win the medal standings at the Olympics on numerous occasions. The first medal won by an Armenian in modern Olympic history was by Hrant Shahinyan, who won two golds and two silvers in gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Ol... | Where were the 1952 Olympics held? | Where were the 1952 Olympics held? | [
"Where were the 1952 Olympics held?"
] | {
"text": [
"Helsinki"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-25382 | 5730cae6aca1c71400fe5acf | Namibia | The first Europeans to disembark and explore the region were the Portuguese navigators Diogo Cão in 1485 and Bartolomeu Dias in 1486; still the region was not claimed by the Portuguese crown. However, like most of Sub-Saharan Africa, Namibia was not extensively explored by Europeans until the 19th century, when traders... | Settlers on their way to Angola settled in Namibia instead of going where? | Settlers on their way to Angola settled in Namibia instead of going where? | [
"Settlers on their way to Angola settled in Namibia instead of going where?"
] | {
"text": [
"Angola"
],
"answer_start": [
475
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102542 | 5a79cd8f17ab25001a8a0083 | Association_football | Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were p... | What game did Athenaeus reference in 218 AD? | What game did Athenaeus reference in 218 AD? | [
"What game did Athenaeus reference in 218 AD?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-79709 | 57315091497a881900248dc5 | Kievan_Rus%27 | The exact date of creation of the Kiev Metropolis is uncertain, as well as who was the first leader of the church. Predominantly it is considered that the first head was Michael I of Kiev, however some sources also claim Leontiy who is often placed after Michael or Anastas Chersonesos, became the first bishop of the Ch... | Although uncertian, who is considered to be the first head of Kiev? | Although uncertian, who is considered to be the first head of Kiev? | [
"Although uncertian, who is considered to be the first head of Kiev?"
] | {
"text": [
"Michael I"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-37385 | 5727b7c74b864d1900163b49 | Switzerland | Christianity is the predominant religion of Switzerland (about 71% of resident population and 75% of Swiss citizens), divided between the Catholic Church (38.21% of the population), the Swiss Reformed Church (26.93%), further Protestant churches (2.89%) and other Christian denominations (2.79%). There has been a recent... | What religion has immigration brought by 4.95%? | What religion has immigration brought by 4.95%? | [
"What religion has immigration brought by 4.95%? "
] | {
"text": [
"Islam"
],
"answer_start": [
369
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-368 | 56f959be9b226e1400dd1381 | Marshall_Islands | Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Fath... | When was Father Linckens' book published? | When was Father Linckens' book published? | [
"When was Father Linckens' book published?"
] | {
"text": [
"1912"
],
"answer_start": [
487
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102850 | 5acd126d07355d001abf334c | Unicode | Each code point has a single General Category property. The major categories are: Letter, Mark, Number, Punctuation, Symbol, Separator and Other. Within these categories, there are subdivisions. The General Category is not useful for every use, since legacy encodings have used multiple characteristics per single code p... | What subcategories are found in the category Other? | What subcategories are found in the category Other? | [
"What subcategories are found in the category Other?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-90889 | 57325111e17f3d1400422853 | Pacific_War | A widely publicised example of institutionalised sexual slavery are "comfort women", a euphemism for the 200,000 women, mostly from Korea and China, who served in the Japanese army's camps during World War II. Some 35 Dutch comfort women brought a successful case before the Batavia Military Tribunal in 1948. In 1993, C... | In 2001 which Japanese Prime <Minister apologized for the brothels. | In 2001 which Japanese Prime <Minister apologized for the brothels. | [
"In 2001 which Japanese Prime <Minister apologized for the brothels."
] | {
"text": [
"Junichiro Koizumi"
],
"answer_start": [
502
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-98071 | 56e17f00e3433e1400422f87 | Hydrogen | One of the first quantum effects to be explicitly noticed (but not understood at the time) was a Maxwell observation involving hydrogen, half a century before full quantum mechanical theory arrived. Maxwell observed that the specific heat capacity of H2 unaccountably departs from that of a diatomic gas below room tempe... | What cause H2 to resemble monatomic gas? | What cause H2 to resemble monatomic gas? | [
"What cause H2 to resemble monatomic gas?"
] | {
"text": [
"spacing of the (quantized) rotational energy levels"
],
"answer_start": [
473
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-103394 | 5ad2c0f8d7d075001a42a0fb | Multiracial_American | After the Civil War, racial segregation forced African Americans to share more of a common lot in society than they might have given widely varying ancestry, educational and economic levels. The binary division altered the separate status of the traditionally free people of color in Louisiana, for instance, although th... | What kept the separate status of the traditionally free people of color in Louisiana the same? | What kept the separate status of the traditionally free people of color in Louisiana the same? | [
"What kept the separate status of the traditionally free people of color in Louisiana the same?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-98490 | 56f8d39d9b226e1400dd10a5 | Alps | The region is serviced by 4,200 km (2,600 mi) of roads used by 6 million vehicles. Train travel is well established in the Alps, with, for instance 120 km (75 mi) of track for every 1,000 km2 (390 sq mi) in a country such as Switzerland. Most of Europe's highest railways are located there. Moreover, plans are underway ... | How much area is devoted to roads in the Alpine region? | How much area is devoted to roads in the Alpine region? | [
"How much area is devoted to roads in the Alpine region?"
] | {
"text": [
"4,200 km (2,600 mi)"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-34299 | 56f83d50a6d7ea1400e174fc | Southampton | The town was sacked in 1338 by French, Genoese and Monegasque ships (under Charles Grimaldi, who used the plunder to help found the principality of Monaco). On visiting Southampton in 1339, Edward III ordered that walls be built to 'close the town'. The extensive rebuilding—part of the walls dates from 1175—culminated ... | What principality did Grimaldi set up with the profits from plundering Southampton? | What principality did Grimaldi set up with the profits from plundering Southampton? | [
"What principality did Grimaldi set up with the profits from plundering Southampton?"
] | {
"text": [
"Monaco"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62403 | 5a6a7262a9e0c9001a4e9e31 | Liberal_Party_of_Australia | Through 2010, the party improved its vote in the Tasmanian and South Australian state elections and achieved state government in Victoria. In March 2011, the New South Wales Liberal-National Coalition led by Barry O'Farrell won government with the largest election victory in post-war Australian history at the State Ele... | What parties merged in 2011? | What parties merged in 2011? | [
"What parties merged in 2011?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19126 | 5733f58f4776f419006615b5 | Premier_League | There has been an increasing gulf between the Premier League and the Football League. Since its split with the Football League, many established clubs in the Premier League have managed to distance themselves from their counterparts in lower leagues. Owing in large part to the disparity in revenue from television right... | Due to the disparity in television rights revenue between leagues, who struggles to avoid relegation in their Premier League first season? | Due to the disparity in television rights revenue between leagues, who struggles to avoid relegation in their Premier League first season? | [
"Due to the disparity in television rights revenue between leagues, who struggles to avoid relegation in their Premier League first season?"
] | {
"text": [
"newly promoted teams"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5113 | 56e15477e3433e1400422dcf | Boston | In 2008, there were 62 reported homicides. Through December 20 each of 2014 and 2015, the Boston Police Department reported 52 and 39 homicides, respectively. | How many murders were there in 2014? | How many murders were there in 2014? | [
"How many murders were there in 2014?"
] | {
"text": [
"52"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-76404 | 5a3996b22f14dd001ac7243e | Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy | There are as many as 22 public beaches (most beaches on St Barthélémy are known as "Anse de..." etc. ) of which 15 are considered suitable for swimming. They are categorized and divided into two groups, the leeward side (calm waters protected by the island itself) and windward side (some of which are protected by hills... | How many windward side beaches are there? | How many windward side beaches are there? | [
"How many windward side beaches are there?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19920 | 5731a8d20fdd8d15006c6437 | Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas | However, since the 20th century, indigenous peoples in the Americas have been more vocal about the ways they wish to be referred to, pressing for the elimination of terms widely considered to be obsolete, inaccurate, or racist. During the latter half of the 20th century and the rise of the Indian rights movement, the U... | Who initially proposed using the term "Native American" to recognize the primacy of the native population? | Who initially proposed using the term "Native American" to recognize the primacy of the native population? | [
"Who initially proposed using the term \"Native American\" to recognize the primacy of the native population?"
] | {
"text": [
"United States government"
],
"answer_start": [
319
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-66438 | 5acea1d532bba1001ae4ae08 | Brigham_Young_University | In 2009, the university's Marriott School of Management received a No. 5 ranking by BusinessWeek for its undergraduate programs, and its MBA program was ranked by several sources: No. 22 ranking by BusinessWeek, No. 16 by Forbes, and No. 29 by U.S. News & World Report. Among regional schools the MBA program was ranked ... | Where did the Association of University Technology Managers rank BYU in 2010? | Where did the Association of University Technology Managers rank BYU in 2010? | [
"Where did the Association of University Technology Managers rank BYU in 2010?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30586 | 5ace2e0732bba1001ae49ce5 | Appalachian_Mountains | The Appalachian Mountains contain major deposits of anthracite coal as well as bituminous coal. In the folded mountains the coal is in metamorphosed form as anthracite, represented by the Coal Region of northeastern Pennsylvania. The bituminous coal fields of western Pennsylvania, western Maryland, southeastern Ohio, e... | What is another name for anthracite coal? | What is another name for anthracite coal? | [
"What is another name for anthracite coal?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19423 | 5a3b5a503ff257001ab84422 | Rule_of_law | In Thailand, a kingdom that has had a constitution since the initial attempt to overthrow the absolute monarchy system in 1932, the rule of law has been more of a principle than actual practice.[citation needed] Ancient prejudices and political bias have been present in the three branches of government with each of the... | What is no longer advocated in Thailand since the twenty-first century? | What is no longer advocated in Thailand since the twenty-first century? | [
"What is no longer advocated in Thailand since the twenty-first century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-3761 | 56bf9b57a10cfb14005511b5 | Beyoncé | At the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards, Beyoncé received ten nominations, including Album of the Year for I Am... Sasha Fierce, Record of the Year for "Halo", and Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)", among others. She tied with Lauryn Hill for most Grammy nominations in a single year by a female artist. I... | Who did Beyonce tie with for the most nominations in a year? | Who did Beyonce tie with for the most nominations in a year? | [
"Who did Beyonce tie with for the most nominations in a year?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lauryn Hill"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-45232 | 5a60d783e9e1cc001a33cd8e | Sahara | The Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert. The area is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady descending airflow ... | What is the largest high latitude desert? | What is the largest high latitude desert? | [
"What is the largest high latitude desert?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39167 | 5731dedd0fdd8d15006c65cf | Protestantism | Various ecumenical movements have attempted cooperation or reorganization of the various divided Protestant denominations, according to various models of union, but divisions continue to outpace unions, as there is no overarching authority to which any of the churches owe allegiance, which can authoritatively define th... | What type of belief defines what is a major or minor doctrine? | What type of belief defines what is a major or minor doctrine? | [
"What type of belief defines what is a major or minor doctrine?"
] | {
"text": [
"idiosyncratic"
],
"answer_start": [
518
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-81058 | 5726418889a1e219009ac613 | Queen_Victoria | In 1830, the Duchess of Kent and Conroy took Victoria across the centre of England to visit the Malvern Hills, stopping at towns and great country houses along the way. Similar journeys to other parts of England and Wales were taken in 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835. To the King's annoyance, Victoria was enthusiastically we... | How did Victoria feel about all of the trips? | How did Victoria feel about all of the trips? | [
"How did Victoria feel about all of the trips?"
] | {
"text": [
"disliked"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-287 | 56f953f49b226e1400dd1326 | Marshall_Islands | The majority of the citizens of the Marshall Islands are of Marshallese descent, though there are small numbers of immigrants from the United States, China, Philippines and other Pacific islands. The two official languages are Marshallese, which is a member of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, and English. Almost the en... | Of what ancestry are most Marshall Islands citizens? | Of what ancestry are most Marshall Islands citizens? | [
"Of what ancestry are most Marshall Islands citizens?"
] | {
"text": [
"Marshallese"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-40629 | 5ad50e3e5b96ef001a10ab1c | Paper | Conventional bleaching of wood pulp using elemental chlorine produces and releases into the environment large amounts of chlorinated organic compounds, including chlorinated dioxins. Dioxins are recognized as a persistent environmental pollutant, regulated internationally by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organ... | What does bleaching of meat release into the environment? | What does bleaching of meat release into the environment? | [
"What does bleaching of meat release into the environment?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-69339 | 570a826e6d058f1900182eeb | Houston | Houston is the seat of the internationally renowned Texas Medical Center, which contains the world's largest concentration of research and healthcare institutions. All 49 member institutions of the Texas Medical Center are non-profit organizations. They provide patient and preventive care, research, education, and loca... | How many non profit organizations are members of the Medical Center? | How many non profit organizations are members of the Medical Center? | [
"How many non profit organizations are members of the Medical Center?"
] | {
"text": [
"49"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-80805 | 5723d1300dadf01500fa1f3f | Queen_Victoria | On 2 March 1882, Roderick Maclean, a disgruntled poet apparently offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems, shot at the Queen as her carriage left Windsor railway station. Two schoolboys from Eton College struck him with their umbrellas, until he was hustled away by a policeman. Victoria was outraged wh... | What did the court determine was the fate for Maclean after shooting the Queen? | What did the court determine was the fate for Maclean after shooting the Queen? | [
"What did the court determine was the fate for Maclean after shooting the Queen?"
] | {
"text": [
"not guilty by reason of insanity"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-9287 | 57326d2f0fdd8d15006c6ad1 | The_Bronx | Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; ... | When did "Awakenings" come out? | When did "Awakenings" come out? | [
"When did \"Awakenings\" come out?"
] | {
"text": [
"1990"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-24366 | 57295c05af94a219006aa31b | Bermuda | Bermuda has developed a proud Rugby Union community. The Bermuda Rugby Union team won the 2011 Caribbean championships, defeating Guyana in the final. They previously beat The Bahamas and Mexico to take the crown. Rugby 7's is also played, with four rounds scheduled to take place in the 2011–2012 season. The Bermuda 7'... | Who are the reigning league champions? | Who are the reigning league champions? | [
"Who are the reigning league champions?"
] | {
"text": [
"Police (Men)"
],
"answer_start": [
549
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-85411 | 572813bf4b864d19001643ed | European_Central_Bank | From late 2009 a handful of mainly southern eurozone member states started being unable to repay their national Euro-denominated government debt or to finance the bail-out of troubled financial sectors under their national supervision without the assistance of third parties. This so-called European debt crisis began af... | Who brought Greece's financial crisis to the forefront? | Who brought Greece's financial crisis to the forefront? | [
"Who brought Greece's financial crisis to the forefront?"
] | {
"text": [
"new elected government"
],
"answer_start": [
333
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-72354 | 57265b42dd62a815002e828c | Greece | Greece is a developed country with high standards of living[citation needed] and high Human Development Index. Its economy mainly comprises the service sector (85.0%) and industry (12.0%), while agriculture makes up 3.0% of the national economic output. Important Greek industries include tourism (with 14.9 million inte... | What percentage of the economy does agriculture comprise? | What percentage of the economy does agriculture comprise? | [
"What percentage of the economy does agriculture comprise?"
] | {
"text": [
"3.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11390 | 5727849e5951b619008f8c1d | North_Carolina | After the Spanish in the 16th century, the first permanent European settlers of North Carolina were English colonists who migrated south from Virginia. The latter had grown rapidly and land was less available. Nathaniel Batts was documented as one of the first of these Virginian migrants. He settled south of the Chowan... | After the Spanish, who were the first Europeans to settle North Carolina? | After the Spanish, who were the first Europeans to settle North Carolina? | [
"After the Spanish, who were the first Europeans to settle North Carolina?"
] | {
"text": [
"English colonists"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-64957 | 5ad128a8645df0001a2d0fe2 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity generation – 3,427 terawatt-hours... | Electricity production is expected to increase by what percentage each year for the next 15 years? | Electricity production is expected to increase by what percentage each year for the next 15 years? | [
"Electricity production is expected to increase by what percentage each year for the next 15 years?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-67764 | 5a81c7aa31013a001a334ea0 | Norfolk_Island | Norfolk Island Hospital is the only medical centre on the island. Medicare and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme do not cover Norfolk Island. All visitors to Norfolk Island, including Australians, are recommended to purchase travel insurance. Although the hospital can perform minor surgery, serious medical conditions ... | What are visitors of Norfolk Island recommended to sell? | What are visitors of Norfolk Island recommended to sell? | [
"What are visitors of Norfolk Island recommended to sell?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111864 | 5727790a708984140094de97 | On_the_Origin_of_Species | In December 1831, he joined the Beagle expedition as a gentleman naturalist and geologist. He read Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology and from the first stop ashore, at St. Jago, found Lyell's uniformitarianism a key to the geological history of landscapes. Darwin discovered fossils resembling huge armadillos, and n... | What caused Darwin to change his mind about the unbridgeable gap between animals and humans? | What caused Darwin to change his mind about the unbridgeable gap between animals and humans? | [
"What caused Darwin to change his mind about the unbridgeable gap between animals and humans?"
] | {
"text": [
"their relatives on the island seemed \"miserable, degraded savages\""
],
"answer_start": [
538
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8891 | 572830d54b864d19001646c7 | LaserDisc | Only one 5.1 surround sound option exists on a given LaserDisc (either Dolby Digital or DTS), so if surround sound is desired, the disc must be matched to the capabilities of the playback equipment (LD Player and Receiver/Decoder) by the purchaser. A fully capable LaserDisc playback system includes a newer LaserDisc pl... | How many 5.1 surround sound options exist in LaserDiscs? | How many 5.1 surround sound options exist in LaserDiscs? | [
"How many 5.1 surround sound options exist in LaserDiscs?"
] | {
"text": [
"Only one"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19088 | 5ad0e051645df0001a2d0771 | Premier_League | The BBC's highlights package on Saturday and Sunday nights, as well as other evenings when fixtures justify, will run until 2016. Television rights alone for the period 2010 to 2013 have been purchased for £1.782 billion. On 22 June 2009, due to troubles encountered by Setanta Sports after it failed to meet a final dea... | For how much did Sky retain the remaining 23 matches? | For how much did Sky retain the remaining 23 matches? | [
"For how much did Sky retain the remaining 23 matches?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6598 | 57282ec84b864d1900164681 | PlayStation_3 | The PlayStation Store is an online virtual market available to users of Sony's PlayStation 3 (PS3) and PlayStation Portable (PSP) game consoles via the PlayStation Network. The Store offers a range of downloadable content both for purchase and available free of charge. Available content includes full games, add-on cont... | What do you click on in the PS3 interface to get to the PlayStation Store? | What do you click on in the PS3 interface to get to the PlayStation Store? | [
"What do you click on in the PS3 interface to get to the PlayStation Store?"
] | {
"text": [
"an icon"
],
"answer_start": [
411
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-69740 | 5ad49663ba00c4001a268cb0 | Windows_8 | Windows Explorer, which has been renamed File Explorer, now includes a ribbon in place of the command bar. File operation dialog boxes have been updated to provide more detailed statistics, the ability to pause file transfers, and improvements in the ability to manage conflicts when copying files. A new "File History" ... | What did the update of operation dalog boxes hurt with? | What did the update of operation dalog boxes hurt with? | [
"What did the update of operation dalog boxes hurt with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-87090 | 5a1f5f2954a786001a36b28f | Videoconferencing | High speed Internet connectivity has become more widely available at a reasonable cost and the cost of video capture and display technology has decreased. Consequently, personal videoconferencing systems based on a webcam, personal computer system, software compression and broadband Internet connectivity have become af... | What has made high speed internet accessible to many? | What has made high speed internet accessible to many? | [
"What has made high speed internet accessible to many?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6213 | 5ad02c8777cf76001a686cb7 | Late_Middle_Ages | Morality plays emerged as a distinct dramatic form around 1400 and flourished until 1550. The most interesting morality play is The Castle of Perseverance which depicts mankind's progress from birth to death. However, the most famous morality play and perhaps best known medieval drama is Everyman. Everyman receives Dea... | Which morality play depicted mankind's progress from birth to mid-life? | Which morality play depicted mankind's progress from birth to mid-life? | [
"Which morality play depicted mankind's progress from birth to mid-life?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-53474 | 5a690ae78476ee001a58aa26 | Sichuan | The majority of the province's population is Han Chinese, who are found scattered throughout the region with the exception of the far western areas. Thus, significant minorities of Tibetan, Yi, Qiang and Nakhi people reside in the western portion that are impacted by inclement weather and natural disasters, environment... | How big is the Yi floating population? | How big is the Yi floating population? | [
"How big is the Yi floating population?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-68086 | 5ad42047604f3c001a4006f0 | Charleston,_South_Carolina | Investment in the city continued. The William Enston Home, a planned community for the city's aged and infirm, was built in 1889. An elaborate public building, the United States Post Office and Courthouse, was completed by the federal government in 1896 in the heart of the city. The Democrat-dominated state legislature... | Blacks were the minority in South Carolina until what year? | Blacks were the minority in South Carolina until what year? | [
"Blacks were the minority in South Carolina until what year?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83253 | 5727b40a3acd2414000dea2a | Dominican_Order | Dominic became the spiritual father to several Albigensian women he had reconciled to the faith, and in 1206 he established them in a convent in Prouille. This convent would become the foundation of the Dominican nuns, thus making the Dominican nuns older than the Dominican friars. Prior Diego sanctioned the building o... | What women did Dominic convert for his convent? | What women did Dominic convert for his convent? | [
"What women did Dominic convert for his convent?"
] | {
"text": [
"Albigensian"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-52874 | 5a73c52d42eae6001a3899ce | Political_party | There are two broad categories of public funding, direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect, which includes broadcasting time on state media, use of the mail service or supplies. According to the Comparative Data from the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, out of a sample of over 180 nations, 25%... | How many people know about the ACE Electoral Knowledge network? | How many people know about the ACE Electoral Knowledge network? | [
"How many people know about the ACE Electoral Knowledge network?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-74168 | 5acfb03577cf76001a685886 | Architecture | Meanwhile, the Industrial Revolution laid open the door for mass production and consumption. Aesthetics became a criterion for the middle class as ornamented products, once within the province of expensive craftsmanship, became cheaper under machine production. | As products came within their financial reach what concept began to interest the upper class? | As products came within their financial reach what concept began to interest the upper class? | [
" As products came within their financial reach what concept began to interest the upper class?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-34490 | 56f8ad379b226e1400dd0dde | Southampton | University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust is one of the city's largest employers. It provides local hospital services to 500,000 people in the Southampton area and specialist regional services to more than 3 million people across the South of England. The Trust owns and manages Southampton General Hospital, ... | What hospital is the Countess Mountbatten House a part of? | What hospital is the Countess Mountbatten House a part of? | [
"What hospital is the Countess Mountbatten House a part of?"
] | {
"text": [
"Moorgreen Hospital"
],
"answer_start": [
420
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-63446 | 5726151f38643c19005acfc8 | Buckingham_Palace | Widowed in 1861, the grief-stricken Queen withdrew from public life and left Buckingham Palace to live at Windsor Castle, Balmoral Castle and Osborne House. For many years the palace was seldom used, even neglected. In 1864, a note was found pinned to the fence of Buckingham Palace, saying: "These commanding premises t... | What happened to Buckingham after Queen Victoria left? | What happened to Buckingham after Queen Victoria left? | [
"What happened to Buckingham after Queen Victoria left?"
] | {
"text": [
"palace was seldom used, even neglected"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30695 | 57265e0bf1498d1400e8dd62 | Mexico_City | During this era of Porfirian rule, the city underwent an extensive modernization. Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed, replaced by new much larger Porfirian institutions and many outlying rural zones were transformed into urban or industrialized districts with most having electrical, gas and sewage uti... | When was most of the urbanization completed? | When was most of the urbanization completed? | [
"When was most of the urbanization completed? "
] | {
"text": [
"by 1908"
],
"answer_start": [
327
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-95322 | 56dfb42e7aa994140058dffc | Alexander_Graham_Bell | The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane as a very significant achievement. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now calle... | Who helped Bell investigate hydrofoils in 1908? | Who helped Bell investigate hydrofoils in 1908? | [
"Who helped Bell investigate hydrofoils in 1908?"
] | {
"text": [
"Frederick W. \"Casey\" Baldwin"
],
"answer_start": [
359
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-13738 | 57277b4c708984140094ded3 | Glacier | Even at high latitudes, glacier formation is not inevitable. Areas of the Arctic, such as Banks Island, and the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica are considered polar deserts where glaciers cannot form because they receive little snowfall despite the bitter cold. Cold air, unlike warm air, is unable to transport much w... | Which areas in Antartica are considered polar deserts? | Which areas in Antartica are considered polar deserts? | [
"Which areas in Antartica are considered polar deserts?"
] | {
"text": [
"Banks Island, and the McMurdo Dry Valleys"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-57441 | 572e9b93cb0c0d14000f134d | Quran | Muslims believe the Quran was verbally revealed by God to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel (Jibril), gradually over a period of approximately 23 years, beginning on 22 December 609 CE, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as the most important miracle of Muhamma... | What is the Arabic variant of Gabriel? | What is the Arabic variant of Gabriel? | [
"What is the Arabic variant of Gabriel?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jibril"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30135 | 5726ad6add62a815002e8cb2 | Raleigh,_North_Carolina | The city's location was chosen, in part, for being within 11 mi (18 km) of Isaac Hunter's Tavern, a popular tavern frequented by the state legislators. No known city or town existed previously on the chosen city site. Raleigh is one of the few cities in the United States that was planned and built specifically to serve... | What was Raleigh as a city? | What was Raleigh as a city? | [
"What was Raleigh as a city?"
] | {
"text": [
"planned"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23981 | 5726be76f1498d1400e8e9e8 | Bermuda | Bermuda is a group of low-forming volcanoes located in the Atlantic Ocean, near the western edge of the Sargasso Sea, roughly 578 nautical miles (1,070 km (665 mi)) east-southeast of Cape Hatteras on the Outer Banks of North Carolina and about 594 nautical miles (1,100 km (684 mi)) southeast of Martha's Vineyard of Mas... | Travel from Puerto Rico to Bermuda would be in which direction? | Travel from Puerto Rico to Bermuda would be in which direction? | [
"Travel from Puerto Rico to Bermuda would be in which direction?"
] | {
"text": [
"north"
],
"answer_start": [
578
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-10754 | 56fde387761e401900d28c3b | Computer | During World War II, the British at Bletchley Park achieved a number of successes at breaking encrypted German military communications. The German encryption machine, Enigma, was first attacked with the help of the electro-mechanical bombes. To crack the more sophisticated German Lorenz SZ 40/42 machine, used for high-... | Who achieved success at cracking secret German military communications during World War II? | Who achieved success at cracking secret German military communications during World War II? | [
"Who achieved success at cracking secret German military communications during World War II?"
] | {
"text": [
", the British"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108182 | 5acd469e07355d001abf3bb9 | Estonian_language | Estonian language planners such as Ado Grenzstein (a journalist active in Estonia in the 1870s–90s) tried to use formation ex nihilo, Urschöpfung; i.e. they created new words out of nothing. | In what years did Ado Grenzstein do journalism work in Germany? | In what years did Ado Grenzstein do journalism work in Germany? | [
" In what years did Ado Grenzstein do journalism work in Germany?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-29263 | 571d2ccfdd7acb1400e4c23e | Pharmaceutical_industry | The top ten best-selling drugs of 2013 totaled $75.6 billion in sales, with the anti-inflammatory drug Humira being the best-selling drug worldwide at $10.7 billion in sales. The second and third best selling were Enbrel and Remicade, respectively. The top three best-selling drugs in the United States in 2013 were Abil... | What was the bestselling drug in history? | What was the bestselling drug in history? | [
"What was the bestselling drug in history?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lipitor"
],
"answer_start": [
415
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-98313 | 56f8a5839b226e1400dd0d3e | Alps | The severe weather in the Alps has been studied since the 18th century; particularly the weather patterns such as the seasonal foehn wind. Numerous weather stations were placed in the mountains early in the early 20th century, providing continuous data for climatologists. Some of the valleys are quite arid such as the ... | Where is the Aosta valley located? | Where is the Aosta valley located? | [
"Where is the Aosta valley located?"
] | {
"text": [
"Italy"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-109060 | 5a7e6efe48f7d9001a0636e9 | Literature | A literary technique or literary device can be used by authors in order to enhance the written framework of a piece of literature, and produce specific effects. Literary techniques encompass a wide range of approaches to crafting a work: whether a work is narrated in first-person or from another perspective, whether to... | What is a familiar structure is an example of? | What is a familiar structure is an example of? | [
"What is a familiar structure is an example of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-103392 | 571df3d555697319006390c7 | Multiracial_American | After the Civil War, racial segregation forced African Americans to share more of a common lot in society than they might have given widely varying ancestry, educational and economic levels. The binary division altered the separate status of the traditionally free people of color in Louisiana, for instance, although th... | Who were increasingly included as African Americans in the 20th century? | Who were increasingly included as African Americans in the 20th century? | [
"Who were increasingly included as African Americans in the 20th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"people of any portion of African descent"
],
"answer_start": [
715
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-78385 | 572fa95304bcaa1900d76b72 | Greeks | The evolution of Proto-Greek should be considered within the context of an early Paleo-Balkan sprachbund that makes it difficult to delineate exact boundaries between individual languages. The characteristically Greek representation of word-initial laryngeals by prothetic vowels is shared, for one, by the Armenian lang... | What other things do the two languages seem to have in common ? | What other things do the two languages seem to have in common ? | [
"What other things do the two languages seem to have in common ?"
] | {
"text": [
"phonological and morphological peculiarities of Greek; this has led some linguists to propose a hypothetical closer relationship between Greek and Armenian"
],
"answer_start": [
363
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-73322 | 56db1f69e7c41114004b4da5 | American_Idol | For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of "Billie Jean" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even... | Which arrangement was used for Cook's version of Billie Jean? | Which arrangement was used for Cook's version of Billie Jean? | [
"Which arrangement was used for Cook's version of Billie Jean?"
] | {
"text": [
"Chris Cornell"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-75822 | 5705fcd775f01819005e783b | The_Times | Several suitors appeared, including Robert Maxwell, Tiny Rowland and Lord Rothermere; however, only one buyer was in a position to meet the full Thomson remit, Australian media magnate Rupert Murdoch. Robert Holmes à Court, another Australian magnate had previously tried to buy The Times in 1980. | What is the name of the media magnate that bought The Times in the 1980s? | What is the name of the media magnate that bought The Times in the 1980s? | [
"What is the name of the media magnate that bought The Times in the 1980s?"
] | {
"text": [
"Rupert Murdoch"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23644 | 5acf9bdd77cf76001a685485 | Federalism | In the United States, federalism originally referred to belief in a stronger central government. When the U.S. Constitution was being drafted, the Federalist Party supported a stronger central government, while "Anti-Federalists" wanted a weaker central government. This is very different from the modern usage of "feder... | When the U.S Constitution was being erased, what did the federalist party support? | When the U.S Constitution was being erased, what did the federalist party support? | [
"When the U.S Constitution was being erased, what did the federalist party support? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-78226 | 57278262dd62a815002e9f20 | Child_labour | Child labour has been a consistent struggle for children in Brazil ever since the country was colonized on April 22, 1550 by Pedro Álvares Cabral. Work that many children took part in was not always visible, legal, or paid. Free or slave labour was a common occurrence for many youths and was a part of their everyday li... | How did Armando Dias die? | How did Armando Dias die? | [
"How did Armando Dias die?"
] | {
"text": [
"electric shock"
],
"answer_start": [
998
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-31725 | 570d9187b3d812140066da4a | Anti-aircraft_warfare | The Treaty of Versailles prevented Germany having AA weapons, and for example, the Krupps designers joined Bofors in Sweden. Some World War I guns were retained and some covert AA training started in the late 1920s. Germany introduced the 8.8 cm FlaK 18 in 1933, 36 and 37 models followed with various improvements but b... | When did the design begin for the 12.8 centimeter FlaK? | When did the design begin for the 12.8 centimeter FlaK? | [
"When did the design begin for the 12.8 centimeter FlaK?"
] | {
"text": [
"1938"
],
"answer_start": [
542
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39809 | 572759bddd62a815002e9b8d | New_Haven,_Connecticut | Major projects include the current construction of a new campus for Gateway Community College downtown, and also a 32-story, 500-unit apartment/retail building called 360 State Street. The 360 State Street project is now occupied and is the largest residential building in Connecticut. A new boathouse and dock is planne... | What park is anticipated to extend to downtown New Haven? | What park is anticipated to extend to downtown New Haven? | [
"What park is anticipated to extend to downtown New Haven?"
] | {
"text": [
"Farmington Canal Trail"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-7078 | 5ad4eefb5b96ef001a10a6a9 | Red | Red is the traditional color of warning and danger. In the Middle Ages, a red flag announced that the defenders of a town or castle would fight to defend it, and a red flag hoisted by a warship meant they would show no mercy to their enemy. In Britain, in the early days of motoring, motor cars had to follow a man with ... | What does a red flag signify in football? | What does a red flag signify in football? | [
"What does a red flag signify in football?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113826 | 5a56cc9b6349e2001acdcf55 | Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom) | Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict... | What does Chatham House predict al-Qaeda will fight in the future? | What does Chatham House predict al-Qaeda will fight in the future? | [
"What does Chatham House predict al-Qaeda will fight in the future?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-40255 | 5727e50a2ca10214002d98f7 | New_Haven,_Connecticut | A second biotechnology district is being planned for the median strip on Frontage Road, on land cleared for the never-built Route 34 extension. As of late 2009, a Pfizer drug-testing clinic, a medical laboratory building serving Yale – New Haven Hospital, and a mixed-use structure containing parking, housing and office... | What is the former SNET building in New Haven currently being converted for in the effort of attracting new medical or biotechnology firms? | What is the former SNET building in New Haven currently being converted for in the effort of attracting new medical or biotechnology firms? | [
"What is the former SNET building in New Haven currently being converted for in the effort of attracting new medical or biotechnology firms?"
] | {
"text": [
"lab space"
],
"answer_start": [
446
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-52882 | 5a73c75242eae6001a3899d7 | Political_party | In fledgling democracies funding can also be provided by foreign aid. International donors provide financing to political parties in developing countries as a means to promote democracy and good governance. Support can be purely financial or otherwise. Frequently it is provided as capacity development activities includ... | What was used during the Rose Revolution to make it successful? | What was used during the Rose Revolution to make it successful? | [
"What was used during the Rose Revolution to make it successful?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70674 | 56dff1be231d4119001abee5 | Pub | The Fitzroy Tavern is a pub situated at 16 Charlotte Street in the Fitzrovia district, to which it gives its name. It became famous (or according to others, infamous) during a period spanning the 1920s to the mid-1950s as a meeting place for many of London's artists, intellectuals and bohemians such as Dylan Thomas, Au... | In what district of London is Pillars of Hercules located? | In what district of London is Pillars of Hercules located? | [
"In what district of London is Pillars of Hercules located?"
] | {
"text": [
"Soho"
],
"answer_start": [
378
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33695 | 5a67a409f038b7001ab0c3ba | Film_speed | The ASA standard underwent a major revision in 1960 with ASA PH2.5-1960, when the method to determine film speed was refined and previously applied safety factors against under-exposure were abandoned, effectively doubling the nominal speed of many black-and-white negative films. For example, an Ilford HP3 that had bee... | The Ilford HP3 changes were applied to what in the following years? | The Ilford HP3 changes were applied to what in the following years? | [
"The Ilford HP3 changes were applied to what in the following years?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-61991 | 5ace825932bba1001ae4a8d9 | Madrasa | Today, the system of Arabic and Islamic education has grown and further integrated with Kerala government administration. In 2005, an estimated 6,000 Muslim Arabic teachers taught in Kerala government schools, with over 500,000 Muslim students. State-appointed committees, not private mosques or religious scholars outsi... | What is the format of school for adults? | What is the format of school for adults? | [
" What is the format of school for adults?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-46722 | 57267a20708984140094c766 | Department_store | All major cities have their distinctive local department stores, which anchored the downtown shopping district until the arrival of the malls in the 1960s. Washington, for example, after 1887 had Woodward & Lothrop and Garfinckel's starting in 1905. Garfield's went bankrupt in 1990, as did Woodward & Lothrop in 1994. B... | By what year had most local stores been assimilated into larger chain operations? | By what year had most local stores been assimilated into larger chain operations? | [
"By what year had most local stores been assimilated into larger chain operations? "
] | {
"text": [
"2015"
],
"answer_start": [
539
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33407 | 56f92e7b9b226e1400dd1275 | List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan | 10th Street (40°44′03″N 74°00′11″W / 40.7342580°N 74.0029670°W / 40.7342580; -74.0029670) begins at the FDR Drive and Avenue C. West of Sixth Avenue, it turns southward about 40 degrees to join the Greenwich Village street grid and continue to West Street on the Hudson River. Because West 4th Street turns northward ... | Which prison was New York City's first? | Which prison was New York City's first? | [
"Which prison was New York City's first?"
] | {
"text": [
"Newgate Prison"
],
"answer_start": [
928
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106877 | 57344599acc1501500babd67 | Hunting | While it is undisputed that early humans were hunters, the importance of this for the emergence of the Homo genus from the earlier Australopithecines, including the production of stone tools and eventually the control of fire, are emphasised in the hunting hypothesis and de-emphasised in scenarios that stress omnivory ... | Hunting allowed what type of rituals? | Hunting allowed what type of rituals? | [
"Hunting allowed what type of rituals?"
] | {
"text": [
"dance and animal sacrifice"
],
"answer_start": [
565
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56251 | 5a4565b519a820001a1eda5c | Nonprofit_organization | During 2009, the federal government enacted new legislation repealing the Canada Corporations Act, Part II - the Canada Not-for-Profit Corporations Act. This Act was last amended on 10 October 2011 and the act was current till 4 March 2013. It allows for incorporation as of right, by Articles of Incorporation; does awa... | On October 10, 2011 what was repealed? | On October 10, 2011 what was repealed? | [
"On October 10, 2011 what was repealed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-20972 | 56dd374a66d3e219004dac6f | Prime_minister | The convention in the English language is to call nearly all national heads of government "prime minister" (sometimes modified to the equivalent term of premier), regardless of the correct title of the head of government as applied in his or her respective country. The few exceptions to the rule are Germany and Austria... | What is the head of Monaco's government called? | What is the head of Monaco's government called? | [
"What is the head of Monaco's government called?"
] | {
"text": [
"Minister of State"
],
"answer_start": [
454
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83944 | 57305fc38ab72b1400f9c4b5 | Translation | The translator's role as a bridge for "carrying across" values between cultures has been discussed at least since Terence, the 2nd-century-BCE Roman adapter of Greek comedies. The translator's role is, however, by no means a passive, mechanical one, and so has also been compared to that of an artist. The main ground se... | Where was the concept of parallel creation found? | Where was the concept of parallel creation found? | [
"Where was the concept of parallel creation found?"
] | {
"text": [
"Cicero"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70405 | 56dfb970231d4119001abd0f | Pub | The Inns of Court and Inns of Chancery in London started as ordinary inns where barristers met to do business, but became institutions of the legal profession in England and Wales. | Along with the Inns of Chancery, in what inns did British lawyers historically conduct business? | Along with the Inns of Chancery, in what inns did British lawyers historically conduct business? | [
"Along with the Inns of Chancery, in what inns did British lawyers historically conduct business?"
] | {
"text": [
"Inns of Court"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65356 | 5727094fdd62a815002e982e | Crimean_War | In spring 1855, the allied British-French commanders decided to send an Anglo-French naval squadron into the Azov Sea to undermine Russian communications and supplies to besieged Sevastopol. On 12 May 1855, British-French warships entered the Kerch Strait and destroyed the coast battery of the Kamishevaya Bay. On 21 Ma... | Where did British-French warships enter on May 12th 1855? | Where did British-French warships enter on May 12th 1855? | [
"Where did British-French warships enter on May 12th 1855?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Kerch Strait"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-51397 | 572b41aabe1ee31400cb82bf | Empiricism | The neopositivists subscribed to a notion of philosophy as the conceptual clarification of the methods, insights and discoveries of the sciences. They saw in the logical symbolism elaborated by Frege (1848–1925) and Bertrand Russell (1872–1970) a powerful instrument that could rationally reconstruct all scientific disc... | When was Bertrand Russell born? | When was Bertrand Russell born? | [
"When was Bertrand Russell born?"
] | {
"text": [
"1872"
],
"answer_start": [
234
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111292 | 5731c1cb0fdd8d15006c650e | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Religious law centered on the ritualised system of honours and sacrifice that brought divine blessings, according to the principle do ut des ("I give, that you might give"). Proper, respectful religio brought social harmony and prosperity. Religious neglect was a form of atheism: impure sacrifice and incorrect ritual w... | What could deviations from proper religious practices cause? | What could deviations from proper religious practices cause? | [
"What could deviations from proper religious practices cause?"
] | {
"text": [
"divine anger"
],
"answer_start": [
510
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-20543 | 56ce7bf4aab44d1400b887f4 | IPod | The name iPod was proposed by Vinnie Chieco, a freelance copywriter, who (with others) was called by Apple to figure out how to introduce the new player to the public. After Chieco saw a prototype, he thought of the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey and the phrase "Open the pod bay door, Hal!", which refers to the white EVA ... | What was the name of the copywriter that proposed the name "iPod"? | What was the name of the copywriter that proposed the name "iPod"? | [
"What was the name of the copywriter that proposed the name \"iPod\"?"
] | {
"text": [
"Vinnie Chieco"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-24340 | 5ad42b72604f3c001a40092f | Bermuda | The professionals soon displaced the amateur ex-Public schoolboys. Bermuda's role as the primary Royal Navy base in the Western Hemisphere, with an army garrison to match, ensured that the naval and military officers quickly introduced the newly formalised sports to Bermuda, including cricket, football, Rugby football,... | What sports did schoolboys introduce to Bermuda? | What sports did schoolboys introduce to Bermuda? | [
"What sports did schoolboys introduce to Bermuda?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-10074 | 572830693acd2414000df69d | Gamal_Abdel_Nasser | At the 29 August Arab League summit in Khartoum, Nasser's usual commanding position had receded as the attending heads of state expected Saudi King Faisal to lead. A ceasefire in the Yemen War was declared and the summit concluded with the Khartoum Resolution. The Soviet Union soon resupplied the Egyptian military with... | Where was the Arab League summit held? | Where was the Arab League summit held? | [
"Where was the Arab League summit held?"
] | {
"text": [
"Khartoum"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.