gem_id stringlengths 21 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 397
values | context stringlengths 151 1.55k | question stringlengths 12 201 | target stringlengths 12 201 | references listlengths 1 1 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-73361 | 56d37a4159d6e414001464cc | American_Idol | There were 13 finalists this season, but two were eliminated in the first result show of the finals. A new feature introduced was the "Judges' Save", and Matt Giraud was saved from elimination at the top seven by the judges when he received the fewest votes. The next week, Lil Rounds and Anoop Desai were eliminated. | Who was the first contestant to benefit from the Judges Save? | Who was the first contestant to benefit from the Judges Save? | [
"Who was the first contestant to benefit from the Judges Save?"
] | {
"text": [
"Matt Giraud"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-89726 | 57303ce9a23a5019007fcfdd | The_Blitz | Although official German air doctrine did target civilian morale, it did not espouse the attacking of civilians directly. It hoped to destroy morale by destroying the enemy's factories and public utilities as well as its food stocks (by attacking shipping). Nevertheless, its official opposition to attacks on civilians ... | What had nearly been considered indiscriminate bombing? | What had nearly been considered indiscriminate bombing? | [
"What had nearly been considered indiscriminate bombing?"
] | {
"text": [
"use of mines and incendiaries, for tactical expediency"
],
"answer_start": [
471
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39835 | 572962873f37b319004782ef | New_Haven,_Connecticut | In 2010 and 2011, state and federal funds were awarded to Connecticut (and Massachusetts) to construct the Hartford Line, with a southern terminus at New Haven's Union Station and a northern terminus at Springfield's Union Station. According to the White House, "This corridor [currently] has one train per day connectin... | Generally how fast are these trains? | Generally how fast are these trains? | [
"Generally how fast are these trains?"
] | {
"text": [
"180 km/h"
],
"answer_start": [
902
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102479 | 5ad3c6c6604f3c001a3ff035 | High-definition_television | In the US, residents in the line of sight of television station broadcast antennas can receive free, over the air programming with a television set with an ATSC tuner (most sets sold since 2009 have this). This is achieved with a TV aerial, just as it has been since the 1940s except now the major network signals are br... | Who do these laws allow the installation of antennas? | Who do these laws allow the installation of antennas? | [
"Who do these laws allow the installation of antennas?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-27925 | 5729ffedaf94a219006aa744 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what? | The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what? | [
"The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what?"
] | {
"text": [
"total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1370 | 5a4eab0baf0d07001ae8cbb5 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport... | Why did Good Will Hunting use a certain airport as an image of survival in 2000? | Why did Good Will Hunting use a certain airport as an image of survival in 2000? | [
"Why did Good Will Hunting use a certain airport as an image of survival in 2000?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116340 | 5a69154f8476ee001a58aa91 | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What tends to be less popular with the people? | What tends to be less popular with the people? | [
"What tends to be less popular with the people?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-38251 | 5a7d103570df9f001a874f4f | Neolithic | In 1981 a team of researchers from the Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, including Jacques Cauvin and Oliver Aurenche divided Near East neolithic chronology into ten periods (0 to 9) based on social, economic and cultural characteristics. In 2002 Danielle Stordeur and Frédéric Abbès advanced this system with a ... | When was the original division of 9 advanced to a division of 5? | When was the original division of 9 advanced to a division of 5? | [
"When was the original division of 9 advanced to a division of 5?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-78500 | 572fb85804bcaa1900d76c32 | Greeks | In the religious sphere, this was a period of profound change. The spiritual revolution that took place, saw a waning of the old Greek religion, whose decline beginning in the 3rd century BC continued with the introduction of new religious movements from the East. The cults of deities like Isis and Mithra were introduc... | What encouraged the change of faith ? | What encouraged the change of faith ? | [
"What encouraged the change of faith ?"
] | {
"text": [
"with the introduction of new religious movements from the East."
],
"answer_start": [
201
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-102671 | 573041b7947a6a140053d359 | Association_football | Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper. Competition rules may state a minimum number of players required to constitute a team, which is usually seven. Goalkeepers are the only players allowed to play the ball with their hands or arms, provided they ... | If there's a minimum amount of players it's usually what? | If there's a minimum amount of players it's usually what? | [
"If there's a minimum amount of players it's usually what?"
] | {
"text": [
"seven"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-64048 | 57282af73acd2414000df5fe | Annelid | Many annelids move by peristalsis (waves of contraction and expansion that sweep along the body), or flex the body while using parapodia to crawl or swim. In these animals the septa enable the circular and longitudinal muscles to change the shape of individual segments, by making each segment a separate fluid-filled "b... | Why are annelids' segments like water-balloons? | Why are annelids' segments like water-balloons? | [
"Why are annelids' segments like water-balloons?"
] | {
"text": [
"the septa enable the circular and longitudinal muscles to change the shape of individual segments"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111720 | 5acd809c07355d001abf449a | Education | Research into LCPS (low cost private schools) found that over 5 years to July 2013, debate around LCPSs to achieving Education for All (EFA) objectives was polarised and finding growing coverage in international policy. The polarisation was due to disputes around whether the schools are affordable for the poor, reach d... | What does LCPS not stand for? | What does LCPS not stand for? | [
" What does LCPS not stand for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-105992 | 56e0f1b27aa994140058e7e5 | Space_Race | The US Air Force had been developing a program to launch the first man in space, named Man in Space Soonest. This program studied several different types of one-man space vehicles, settling on a ballistic re-entry capsule launched on a derivative Atlas missile, and selecting a group of nine candidate pilots. After NASA... | Man in Space Soonest was a program by which organization? | Man in Space Soonest was a program by which organization? | [
"Man in Space Soonest was a program by which organization?"
] | {
"text": [
"US Air Force"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22458 | 5a361229788daf001a5f86fa | Himachal_Pradesh | Due to extreme variation in elevation, great variation occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal . The climate varies from hot and subhumid tropical in the southern tracts to, with more elevation, cold, alpine, and glacial in the northern and eastern mountain ranges. The state has areas like Dharamsala that receive... | How are most parts of Lahaul except in Spiti? | How are most parts of Lahaul except in Spiti? | [
"How are most parts of Lahaul except in Spiti?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-24482 | 56dfa8ab231d4119001abc51 | Lighting | Alison Jing Xu, assistant professor of management at the University of Toronto Scarborough and Aparna Labroo of Northwestern University conducted a series of studies analyzing the correlation between lighting and human emotion. The researchers asked participants to rate a number of things such as: the spiciness of chic... | What University was Alision Jing Xu the assistant professor of management at? | What University was Alision Jing Xu the assistant professor of management at? | [
"What University was Alision Jing Xu the assistant professor of management at?"
] | {
"text": [
"University of Toronto Scarborough"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-92778 | 5a6fe5818abb0b001a676027 | Alsace | It was not until 9 June 1982, with the Circulaire sur la langue et la culture régionales en Alsace (Memorandum on regional language and culture in Alsace) issued by the Vice-Chancellor of the Académie Pierre Deyon, that the teaching of German in primary schools in Alsace really began to be given more official status. T... | What was another name for the Vice-Chancellor of the Academie? | What was another name for the Vice-Chancellor of the Academie? | [
"What was another name for the Vice-Chancellor of the Academie?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56055 | 56e7a0e500c9c71400d7742b | Arena_Football_League | All assets of the Arena Football League were put up for auction. On November 11, 2009, the new league announced its intention to purchase the entire assets of the former AFL; the assets included the team names and logos of all but one of the former AFL and af2 teams. The lone exception was that of the Dallas Desperados... | What was the purchase price for the Arena Football League's assets? | What was the purchase price for the Arena Football League's assets? | [
"What was the purchase price for the Arena Football League's assets?"
] | {
"text": [
"$6.1 million"
],
"answer_start": [
595
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62571 | 5a7b8bc121c2de001afea135 | Software_testing | There are generally four recognized levels of tests: unit testing, integration testing, component interface testing, and system testing. Tests are frequently grouped by where they are added in the software development process, or by the level of specificity of the test. The main levels during the development process as... | How are test infrequently grouped? | How are test infrequently grouped? | [
"How are test infrequently grouped?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-743 | 56df6e3756340a1900b29b23 | Plymouth | In 2004 the old Drake Circus shopping centre and Charles Cross car park were demolished and replaced by the latest Drake Circus Shopping Centre, which opened in October 2006. It received negative feedback before opening when David Mackay said it was already "ten years out of date". In contrast, the Theatre Royal's prod... | In what month and year was the grand opening of Drake Circus Shopping Centre? | In what month and year was the grand opening of Drake Circus Shopping Centre? | [
"In what month and year was the grand opening of Drake Circus Shopping Centre?"
] | {
"text": [
"October 2006"
],
"answer_start": [
161
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30142 | 5acd52b907355d001abf3d48 | Raleigh,_North_Carolina | The city's location was chosen, in part, for being within 11 mi (18 km) of Isaac Hunter's Tavern, a popular tavern frequented by the state legislators. No known city or town existed previously on the chosen city site. Raleigh is one of the few cities in the United States that was planned and built specifically to serve... | What is the opposite of a grid system? | What is the opposite of a grid system? | [
"What is the opposite of a grid system?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-41390 | 56cdd21562d2951400fa68b2 | 2008_Sichuan_earthquake | The map of earthquake intensity published by CEA after surveying 500,000 km2 of the affected area shows a maximum liedu of XI on the China Seismic Intensity Scale (CSIS), described as "very destructive" on the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS) from which CSIS drew reference. (USGS, using the Modified Mercalli intensity... | What was the intensity scaled at? | What was the intensity scaled at? | [
"What was the intensity scaled at?"
] | {
"text": [
"XI"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-104980 | 5a3e7371378766001a0025cb | Palermo | Palermo is surrounded by mountains, formed of calcar, which form a cirque around the city. Some districts of the city are divided by the mountains themselves. Historically, it was relatively difficult to reach the inner part of Sicily from the city because of the mounts. The tallest peak of the range is La Pizzuta, abo... | Who described Monte Pellegrino in the 1900's | Who described Monte Pellegrino in the 1900's | [
"Who described Monte Pellegrino in the 1900's"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65529 | 5727c4424b864d1900163ccd | Detroit | Long a major population center and site of worldwide automobile manufacturing, Detroit has suffered a long economic decline produced by numerous factors. Like many industrial American cities, Detroit reached its population peak in the 1950 census. The peak population was 1.8 million people. Following suburbanization, i... | What was the population of Detroit in 1950? | What was the population of Detroit in 1950? | [
"What was the population of Detroit in 1950?"
] | {
"text": [
"1.8 million"
],
"answer_start": [
272
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14957 | 57337479d058e614000b5b3f | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Early followers of Whitehead were found primarily at the University of Chicago's Divinity School, where Henry Nelson Wieman initiated an interest in Whitehead's work that would last for about thirty years. Professors such as Wieman, Charles Hartshorne, Bernard Loomer, Bernard Meland, and Daniel Day Williams made Whiteh... | Where were the first followers mainly found? | Where were the first followers mainly found? | [
"Where were the first followers mainly found?"
] | {
"text": [
"at the University of Chicago's Divinity School"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56497 | 5a0f2e01decec90018475495 | Geography_of_the_United_States | The Intermontane Plateaus come to an end at the Cascade Range and the Sierra Nevada. The Cascades consist of largely intermittent, volcanic mountains, many rising prominently from the surrounding landscape. The Sierra Nevada, further south, is a high, rugged, and dense mountain range. It contains the highest point in t... | What is the name of the range where theIntermontane plateau begins? | What is the name of the range where theIntermontane plateau begins? | [
"What is the name of the range where theIntermontane plateau begins?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-44136 | 5731da68e99e3014001e6339 | Bras%C3%ADlia | The city has a unique status in Brazil, as it is an administrative division rather than a legal municipality like other cities in Brazil. The name 'Brasília' is commonly used as a synonym for the Federal District through synecdoche; However, the Federal District is composed of 31 administrative regions, only one of whi... | What is Brasilia's proper city population? | What is Brasilia's proper city population? | [
"What is Brasilia's proper city population?"
] | {
"text": [
"209,926"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-104713 | 57334868d058e614000b5824 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | During April 2009, U.S. Federal Reserve vice-chair Janet Yellen discussed these paradoxes: "Once this massive credit crunch hit, it didn’t take long before we were in a recession. The recession, in turn, deepened the credit crunch as demand and employment fell, and credit losses of financial institutions surged. Indeed... | What deepened the credit crunch when demand and employment fell? | What deepened the credit crunch when demand and employment fell? | [
"What deepened the credit crunch when demand and employment fell?"
] | {
"text": [
"recession"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8804 | 5ace081c32bba1001ae499ca | Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic | On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly suppor... | On what date did the second election for President of the RSFSR occur? | On what date did the second election for President of the RSFSR occur? | [
"On what date did the second election for President of the RSFSR occur?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-89495 | 572f785e04bcaa1900d769c1 | The_Blitz | Although not specifically prepared to conduct independent strategic air operations against an opponent, the Luftwaffe was expected to do so over Britain. From July until September 1940 the Luftwaffe attacked RAF Fighter Command to gain air superiority as a prelude to invasion. This involved the bombing of English Chann... | What was the name of the Channel the Luftwaffe bomb to try to gain air superiority? | What was the name of the Channel the Luftwaffe bomb to try to gain air superiority? | [
"What was the name of the Channel the Luftwaffe bomb to try to gain air superiority?"
] | {
"text": [
"English"
],
"answer_start": [
307
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110254 | 5a397fa12f14dd001ac723f0 | Culture | In 1860, Adolf Bastian (1826–1905) argued for "the psychic unity of mankind". He proposed that a scientific comparison of all human societies would reveal that distinct worldviews consisted of the same basic elements. According to Bastian, all human societies share a set of "elementary ideas" (Elementargedanken); diffe... | What Hungarian term means "folk ideas"? | What Hungarian term means "folk ideas"? | [
"What Hungarian term means \"folk ideas\"?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-77004 | 5726783af1498d1400e8e0cc | Dutch_language | Voicing of pre-vocalic initial voiceless alveolar fricatives occurs, although less in Dutch than in German (Du zeven, Germ sieben [z] vs. Eng seven and LG seven [s]), and also the shift in /θ/ > /d/. Dutch shares only with Low German the development of /xs/ > /ss/ (Du vossen, ossen and LG Vösse, Ossen vs. Germ Füchse, ... | Although spelled differently, the first consonant of what Dutch word for "seven" is pronounced the same as its German counterpart? | Although spelled differently, the first consonant of what Dutch word for "seven" is pronounced the same as its German counterpart? | [
"Although spelled differently, the first consonant of what Dutch word for \"seven\" is pronounced the same as its German counterpart?"
] | {
"text": [
"zeven"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-41816 | 56d646091c8504140094705d | 2008_Sichuan_earthquake | All Mainland Chinese television stations (along with some stations in Hong Kong and expatriate communities) cancelled all regularly-scheduled programming, displayed their logo in grayscale, and replaced their cancelled programmes with live earthquake footage from CCTV-1 for multiple days after the quake. Even pay telev... | What did stations replace programming with? | What did stations replace programming with? | [
"What did stations replace programming with?"
] | {
"text": [
"live earthquake footage"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33028 | 5ad18abc645df0001a2d1ed2 | Incandescent_light_bulb | Thomas Edison began serious research into developing a practical incandescent lamp in 1878. Edison filed his first patent application for "Improvement In Electric Lights" on 14 October 1878. After many experiments, first with carbon in the early 1880s and then with platinum and other metals, in the end Edison returned ... | What type of material did Edison use that could not last more than 1200 hours? | What type of material did Edison use that could not last more than 1200 hours? | [
"What type of material did Edison use that could not last more than 1200 hours?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-20069 | 5733a6424776f41900660f4e | University_of_Notre_Dame | The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechani... | In what year was the College of Engineering at Notre Dame formed? | In what year was the College of Engineering at Notre Dame formed? | [
"In what year was the College of Engineering at Notre Dame formed?"
] | {
"text": [
"1920"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-60258 | 5ace255a32bba1001ae49bb3 | Washington_University_in_St._Louis | The West Campus is located about one mile (1.6 km) to the west of the Danforth Campus in Clayton, Missouri, and primarily consists of a four-story former department store building housing mostly administrative space. The West Campus building was home to the Clayton branch of the Famous-Barr department store until 1990,... | On what floor is portions of alumni and development? | On what floor is portions of alumni and development? | [
"On what floor is portions of alumni and development?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-56792 | 5727c39d2ca10214002d95b1 | Gramophone_record | The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety o... | What magazines provided reviews for audio equipment? | What magazines provided reviews for audio equipment? | [
"What magazines provided reviews for audio equipment?"
] | {
"text": [
"High Fidelity and Audio"
],
"answer_start": [
620
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-38347 | 5a7d349070df9f001a875008 | Neolithic | A significant and far-reaching shift in human subsistence and lifestyle was to be brought about in areas where crop farming and cultivation were first developed: the previous reliance on an essentially nomadic hunter-gatherer subsistence technique or pastoral transhumance was at first supplemented, and then increasingl... | What behavior did humans rely on to survive before the Bronze Age? | What behavior did humans rely on to survive before the Bronze Age? | [
"What behavior did humans rely on to survive before the Bronze Age?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-86152 | 5730396404bcaa1900d773bc | Tucson,_Arizona | Tucson has a desert climate (Köppen BWh), with two major seasons, summer and winter; plus three minor seasons: fall, spring, and the monsoon. Tucson averages 11.8 inches (299.7 mm) of precipitation per year, more than most other locations with desert climates, but it still qualifies due to its high evapotranspiration; ... | What is the average amount of yearly precipitation in Tuscon in inches? | What is the average amount of yearly precipitation in Tuscon in inches? | [
"What is the average amount of yearly precipitation in Tuscon in inches?"
] | {
"text": [
"11.8"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-18150 | 5ad0afdc645df0001a2d004c | Eritrea | The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of Adulis. The Aksumite rulers facilitated trade by minting their own Aksumite currency. The state a... | What product did the Kingdom of Kush export? | What product did the Kingdom of Kush export? | [
"What product did the Kingdom of Kush export?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-95605 | 5ad3e080604f3c001a3ff4cd | Yale_University | During the 1988 presidential election, George H. W. Bush (Yale '48) derided Michael Dukakis for having "foreign-policy views born in Harvard Yard's boutique". When challenged on the distinction between Dukakis's Harvard connection and his own Yale background, he said that, unlike Harvard, Yale's reputation was "so diff... | Why was Howard Dean proud of his non-graduating class? | Why was Howard Dean proud of his non-graduating class? | [
"Why was Howard Dean proud of his non-graduating class?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23389 | 5731c3a2b9d445190005e520 | Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States | The centrality of the "separation" concept to the Religion Clauses of the Constitution was made explicit in Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947), a case dealing with a New Jersey law that allowed government funds to pay for transportation of students to both public and Catholic schools. This was the first c... | What case was the concept relevant? | What case was the concept relevant? | [
"What case was the concept relevant?"
] | {
"text": [
"Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-15669 | 5726dd13f1498d1400e8edb9 | Chinese_characters | While new characters can be easily coined by writing on paper, they are difficult to represent on a computer – they must generally be represented as a picture, rather than as text – which presents a significant barrier to their use or widespread adoption. Compare this with the use of symbols as names in 20th century mu... | What can be difficult to represent on a computer? | What can be difficult to represent on a computer? | [
"What can be difficult to represent on a computer?"
] | {
"text": [
"characters"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-43334 | 572668125951b619008f71cd | Poultry | Bacteria can be grown in the laboratory on nutrient culture media, but viruses need living cells in which to replicate. Many vaccines to infectious diseases can be grown in fertilised chicken eggs. Millions of eggs are used each year to generate the annual flu vaccine requirements, a complex process that takes about si... | What new technology is being used in teh vaccine making process that will make vaccines safer and eaier for most consumers? | What new technology is being used in teh vaccine making process that will make vaccines safer and eaier for most consumers? | [
"What new technology is being used in teh vaccine making process that will make vaccines safer and eaier for most consumers?"
] | {
"text": [
". Cell-based culture"
],
"answer_start": [
637
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-93638 | 5728b8a54b864d1900164cce | Estonia | The Parliament of Estonia (Estonian: Riigikogu) or the legislative branch is elected by people for a four-year term by proportional representation. The Estonian political system operates under a framework laid out in the 1992 constitutional document. The Estonian parliament has 101 members and influences the governing ... | How many representatives are in the Estonian parliament? | How many representatives are in the Estonian parliament? | [
"How many representatives are in the Estonian parliament?"
] | {
"text": [
"101 members"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-92920 | 5733abe2d058e614000b5fe4 | Tajikistan | Two rounds of Soviet purges directed by Moscow (1927–1934 and 1937–1938) resulted in the expulsion of nearly 10,000 people, from all levels of the Communist Party of Tajikistan. Ethnic Russians were sent in to replace those expelled and subsequently Russians dominated party positions at all levels, including the top po... | Who directed the purges of Soviets? | Who directed the purges of Soviets? | [
"Who directed the purges of Soviets?"
] | {
"text": [
"Moscow"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-115194 | 5a39ee9e2f14dd001ac72657 | Mammal | Molecular studies based on DNA analysis have suggested new relationships among mammal families over the last few years. Most of these findings have been independently validated by retrotransposon presence/absence data. Classification systems based on molecular studies reveal three major groups or lineages of placental ... | What have studies based on Boreoeutheria suggested? | What have studies based on Boreoeutheria suggested? | [
"What have studies based on Boreoeutheria suggested?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30748 | 57267841708984140094c732 | Mexico_City | The Acta Constitutiva de la Federación of January 31, 1824, and the Federal Constitution of October 4, 1824, fixed the political and administrative organization of the United Mexican States after the Mexican War of Independence. In addition, Section XXVIII of Article 50 gave the new Congress the right to choose where t... | What part of the constitution established the right to create a capital city? | What part of the constitution established the right to create a capital city? | [
"What part of the constitution established the right to create a capital city?"
] | {
"text": [
"Section XXVIII of Article 50"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-13652 | 5a358613788daf001a5f861e | Glacier | Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, dependin... | Why is it cold basically sure able to slide? | Why is it cold basically sure able to slide? | [
"Why is it cold basically sure able to slide?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-93727 | 5728c96c4b864d1900164e22 | Estonia | Between 1945 and 1989, the share of ethnic Estonians in the population resident within the currently defined boundaries of Estonia dropped to 61%, caused primarily by the Soviet programme promoting mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as by wartime emigration and Josep... | Who ordered large scales of deportations and executions? | Who ordered large scales of deportations and executions? | [
"Who ordered large scales of deportations and executions?"
] | {
"text": [
"Joseph Stalin"
],
"answer_start": [
315
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-34110 | 5ad4109c604f3c001a4001bb | Alaska | Built around 1915, the Alaska Railroad (ARR) played a key role in the development of Alaska through the 20th century. It links north Pacific shipping through providing critical infrastructure with tracks that run from Seward to Interior Alaska by way of South Central Alaska, passing through Anchorage, Eklutna, Wasilla,... | What year was the Alaska Railroad destroyed? | What year was the Alaska Railroad destroyed? | [
"What year was the Alaska Railroad destroyed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-26631 | 5a77b4a8b73996001af5a525 | University | In 1963, the Robbins Report on universities in the United Kingdom concluded that such institutions should have four main "objectives essential to any properly balanced system: instruction in skills; the promotion of the general powers of the mind so as to produce not mere specialists but rather cultivated men and women... | The Robbins report says men and women should transmit what? | The Robbins report says men and women should transmit what? | [
"The Robbins report says men and women should transmit what?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-95680 | 5ad3e3e4604f3c001a3ff568 | Yale_University | Other examples of the Gothic (also called neo-Gothic and collegiate Gothic) style are on Old Campus by such architects as Henry Austin, Charles C. Haight and Russell Sturgis. Several are associated with members of the Vanderbilt family, including Vanderbilt Hall, Phelps Hall, St. Anthony Hall (a commission for member F... | What is the smallest residential college? | What is the smallest residential college? | [
"What is the smallest residential college?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-103124 | 571a2ee410f8ca1400304f3d | Multiracial_American | Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. A... | Americans with African ancestry have always been classified as what race? | Americans with African ancestry have always been classified as what race? | [
"Americans with African ancestry have always been classified as what race?"
] | {
"text": [
"black (historically) or African American"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-87967 | 5a3c59eacc5d22001a521d76 | God | In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe. Monotheism is the belief in the existence of one God or in the oneness of God. In pantheism, God is the universe itself. In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed ... | According to monotheism, what does God consist of? | According to monotheism, what does God consist of? | [
"According to monotheism, what does God consist of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-58843 | 5a46f8475fd40d001a27dd12 | Rajasthan | Rajasthan is known for its traditional, colorful art. The block prints, tie and dye prints, Bagaru prints, Sanganer prints, and Zari embroidery are major export products from Rajasthan. Handicraft items like wooden furniture and crafts, carpets, and blue pottery are commonly found here. Shopping reflects the colorful c... | What is Zari known for? | What is Zari known for? | [
"What is Zari known for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-20304 | 572936abaf94a219006aa1a3 | Glass | Color in glass may be obtained by addition of electrically charged ions (or color centers) that are homogeneously distributed, and by precipitation of finely dispersed particles (such as in photochromic glasses). Ordinary soda-lime glass appears colorless to the naked eye when it is thin, although iron(II) oxide (FeO) ... | What can give glass a faint green tinge? | What can give glass a faint green tinge? | [
"What can give glass a faint green tinge?"
] | {
"text": [
"iron(II) oxide"
],
"answer_start": [
299
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-61477 | 5a3b164e3ff257001ab843cd | Flowering_plant | Agriculture is almost entirely dependent on angiosperms, which provide virtually all plant-based food, and also provide a significant amount of livestock feed. Of all the families of plants, the Poaceae, or grass family (grains), is by far the most important, providing the bulk of all feedstocks (rice, corn — maize, wh... | What does the rue family provide that is needed for livestock? | What does the rue family provide that is needed for livestock? | [
"What does the rue family provide that is needed for livestock?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-40149 | 5727cbba3acd2414000dec92 | New_Haven,_Connecticut | Grove Street Cemetery, a National Historic Landmark which lies adjacent to Yale's campus, contains the graves of Roger Sherman, Eli Whitney, Noah Webster, Josiah Willard Gibbs, Charles Goodyear and Walter Camp, among other notable burials. The cemetery is known for its grand Egyptian Revival gateway. The Union League C... | In what architectural style is the gateway of Grove Street Cemetery notably designed? | In what architectural style is the gateway of Grove Street Cemetery notably designed? | [
"In what architectural style is the gateway of Grove Street Cemetery notably designed? "
] | {
"text": [
"Egyptian Revival"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-3772 | 56bf9c70a10cfb14005511bf | Beyoncé | Beyoncé announced a hiatus from her music career in January 2010, heeding her mother's advice, "to live life, to be inspired by things again". During the break she and her father parted ways as business partners. Beyoncé's musical break lasted nine months and saw her visit multiple European cities, the Great Wall of Ch... | How long did the hiatus last? | How long did the hiatus last? | [
"How long did the hiatus last?"
] | {
"text": [
"nine months"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-50307 | 572e923bdfa6aa1500f8d15c | Neptune | Most languages today, even in countries that have no direct link to Greco-Roman culture, use some variant of the name "Neptune" for the planet. However, in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, the planet's name was translated as "sea king star" (海王星), because Neptune was the god of the sea. In Mongolian, Neptune is called Da... | What god was Neptune? | What god was Neptune? | [
"What god was Neptune? "
] | {
"text": [
"god of the sea"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-82402 | 56e722d937bdd419002c3d8b | Daylight_saving_time | The manipulation of time at higher latitudes (for example Iceland, Nunavut or Alaska) has little impact on daily life, because the length of day and night changes more extremely throughout the seasons (in comparison to other latitudes), and thus sunrise and sunset times are significantly out of sync with standard worki... | What latitudes see more extreme changes in the length of their days and nights throughout the year? | What latitudes see more extreme changes in the length of their days and nights throughout the year? | [
"What latitudes see more extreme changes in the length of their days and nights throughout the year?"
] | {
"text": [
"higher latitudes"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-76104 | 56e0d4e1231d4119001ac408 | Web_browser | Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmar... | A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user? | A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user? | [
"A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user?"
] | {
"text": [
"bookmarked"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23759 | 5acfafea77cf76001a685874 | Federalism | The post-Imperial nature of Russian subdivision of government changed towards a generally autonomous model which began with the establishment of the USSR (of which Russia was governed as part). It was liberalized in the aftermath of the Soviet Union, with the reforms under Boris Yeltsin preserving much of the Soviet st... | Who escalted some reforms from Yeltsin? | Who escalted some reforms from Yeltsin? | [
"Who escalted some reforms from Yeltsin? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-89098 | 56dfa2414a1a83140091ebde | Hunter-gatherer | To this day, most hunter-gatherers have a symbolically structured sexual division of labour. However, it is true that in a small minority of cases, women hunt the same kind of quarry as men, sometimes doing so alongside men. The best-known example are the Aeta people of the Philippines. According to one study, "About 8... | How is labor often divided in these groups? | How is labor often divided in these groups? | [
"How is labor often divided in these groups?"
] | {
"text": [
"sexual division"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-24480 | 56dfa6de7aa994140058df9a | Lighting | A study conducted in 1972 and 1981, documented by Robert Ulrich, surveyed 23 surgical patients assigned to rooms looking out on a natural scene. The study concluded that patients assigned to rooms with windows allowing lots of natural light had shorter postoperative hospital stays, received fewer negative evaluative co... | Did the patients with natural scenes have longer postoperative hospital stays? | Did the patients with natural scenes have longer postoperative hospital stays? | [
"Did the patients with natural scenes have longer postoperative hospital stays?"
] | {
"text": [
"no"
],
"answer_start": [
338
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4050 | 56bec3303aeaaa14008c9393 | Beyoncé | Beyoncé has received praise for her stage presence and voice during live performances. Jarett Wieselman of the New York Post placed her at number one on her list of the Five Best Singer/Dancers. According to Barbara Ellen of The Guardian Beyoncé is the most in-charge female artist she's seen onstage, while Alice Jones ... | Which former president of Def Jam called Beyonce the greatest entertainer alive? | Which former president of Def Jam called Beyonce the greatest entertainer alive? | [
"Which former president of Def Jam called Beyonce the greatest entertainer alive?"
] | {
"text": [
"L.A. Reid"
],
"answer_start": [
445
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-60517 | 572757e15951b619008f887e | Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | Ann Arbor has a typically Midwestern humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), which is influenced by the Great Lakes. There are four distinct seasons: winters are cold with moderate to heavy snowfall, while summers are very warm and humid, and spring and autumn are short but mild. The area experiences lake effect weathe... | When is the precipitation highest in Ann Arbor? | When is the precipitation highest in Ann Arbor? | [
"When is the precipitation highest in Ann Arbor?"
] | {
"text": [
"summer"
],
"answer_start": [
683
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-100866 | 57277b03dd62a815002e9e10 | Hindu_philosophy | Hindu philosophy refers to a group of darśanas (philosophies, world views, teachings) that emerged in ancient India. The mainstream Hindu philosophy includes six systems (ṣaḍdarśana) – Samkhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa and Vedanta. These are also called the Astika (orthodox) philosophical traditions and are th... | What are the main orthodox systems of Hindu philosophy called? | What are the main orthodox systems of Hindu philosophy called? | [
"What are the main orthodox systems of Hindu philosophy called?"
] | {
"text": [
"Astika"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-115341 | 56ea90465a205f1900d6d342 | Political_corruption | In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administr... | What does corruption undermine in politics? | What does corruption undermine in politics? | [
"What does corruption undermine in politics?"
] | {
"text": [
"democracy"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-69240 | 5ad423a0604f3c001a400843 | Houston | The Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area is served by one public television station and two public radio stations. KUHT (HoustonPBS) is a PBS member station and is the first public television station in the United States. Houston Public Radio is listener-funded and comprises two NPR member stations: KUHF ... | Texas Private Radio us comprised of how many stations? | Texas Private Radio us comprised of how many stations? | [
"Texas Private Radio us comprised of how many stations?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-51162 | 5a6787d6f038b7001ab0c285 | Old_English | Old English is a West Germanic language, developing out of Ingvaeonic (also known as North Sea Germanic) dialects from the 5th century. It came to be spoken over most of the territory of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms which became the Kingdom of England. This included most of present-day England, as well as part of what is n... | Who did the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northuumbria belong to? | Who did the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northuumbria belong to? | [
"Who did the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northuumbria belong to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106378 | 5725f57eec44d21400f3d78c | Hellenistic_period | Widespread Roman interference in the Greek world was probably inevitable given the general manner of the ascendency of the Roman Republic. This Roman-Greek interaction began as a consequence of the Greek city-states located along the coast of southern Italy. Rome had come to dominate the Italian peninsula, and desired ... | Greek cities were absorbed by what republic? | Greek cities were absorbed by what republic? | [
"Greek cities were absorbed by what republic?"
] | {
"text": [
"Roman"
],
"answer_start": [
570
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-112348 | 57293627af94a219006aa19a | Race_(human_categorization) | The authors of the study also examined 77 college textbooks in biology and 69 in physical anthropology published between 1932 and 1989. Physical anthropology texts argued that biological races exist until the 1970s, when they began to argue that races do not exist. In contrast, biology textbooks did not undergo such a ... | Up until when did physical anthropology texts still argue that biological races exist? | Up until when did physical anthropology texts still argue that biological races exist? | [
"Up until when did physical anthropology texts still argue that biological races exist?"
] | {
"text": [
"the 1970s"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83348 | 5ad24fedd7d075001a428c9e | Dominican_Order | The province of France has produced a large number of preachers. The conferences of Notre-Dame-de-Paris were inaugurated by Père Lacordaire. The Dominicans of the province of France furnished Lacordaire (1835–1836, 1843–1851), Jacques Monsabré (1869–1870, 1872–1890), Joseph Ollivier (1871, 1897), Thomas Etourneau (1898... | What was not prepared at the Ecole Biblique? | What was not prepared at the Ecole Biblique? | [
"What was not prepared at the Ecole Biblique?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111358 | 5731e806b9d445190005e655 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Roman beliefs about an afterlife varied, and are known mostly for the educated elite who expressed their views in terms of their chosen philosophy. The traditional care of the dead, however, and the perpetuation after death of their status in life were part of the most archaic practices of Roman religion. Ancient votiv... | What did later Romans invest in rather than grave offerings? | What did later Romans invest in rather than grave offerings? | [
"What did later Romans invest in rather than grave offerings?"
] | {
"text": [
"monumental endowments"
],
"answer_start": [
675
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22819 | 5735a721e853931400426aa8 | Kathmandu | The agglomeration of Kathmandu has not yet been officially defined. The urban area of the Kathmandu valley is split among three different districts (collections of local government units within a zone) which extend very little beyond the valley fringe, except towards the southern ranges, which have comparatively small ... | How many districts make up the Kathmandu Valley urban area? | How many districts make up the Kathmandu Valley urban area? | [
"How many districts make up the Kathmandu Valley urban area?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23698 | 5acf9e6477cf76001a685574 | Federalism | Although the drafts of both the Maastricht treaty and the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe mentioned federalism, the representatives of the member countries (all of whom would have had to agree to use of the term) never formally adopted it. The strongest advocates of European federalism have been Germany, ... | When did the English authorities adopt the pro-European Unification position? | When did the English authorities adopt the pro-European Unification position? | [
"When did the English authorities adopt the pro-European Unification position? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8643 | 5acdf41532bba1001ae498ce | Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic | On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. On June 12, 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected the first President. On December 8, 1991, heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states ... | Who became prime minister on June 12, 1991? | Who became prime minister on June 12, 1991? | [
"Who became prime minister on June 12, 1991?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-106817 | 57268541708984140094c8c9 | East_India_Company | During the period of the Napoleonic Wars, the East India Company arranged for letters of marque for its vessels such as the Lord Nelson. This was not so that they could carry cannon to fend off warships, privateers and pirates on their voyages to India and China (that they could do without permission) but so that, shou... | With out the letters of marque what wepon did they have to protect themself that was a part of their ship? | With out the letters of marque what wepon did they have to protect themself that was a part of their ship? | [
"With out the letters of marque what wepon did they have to protect themself that was a part of their ship?"
] | {
"text": [
"cannon"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-49441 | 570d1780b3d812140066d407 | Valencia | Valencia enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade, much of it spurred by tourism and the construction industry,[citation needed] with concurrent development and expansion of telecommunications and transport. The city's economy is service-oriented, as nearly 84% of the working population is employed in servic... | What is the main type of employment in Valencia? | What is the main type of employment in Valencia? | [
"What is the main type of employment in Valencia?"
] | {
"text": [
"service sector occupations"
],
"answer_start": [
314
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-13798 | 56de61a3cffd8e1900b4b83a | BBC_Television | BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The corporation, which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a Royal charter since 1927, has produced television programmes from its own since 1932, although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 Novem... | When did the BBC start creating its own programming? | When did the BBC start creating its own programming? | [
"When did the BBC start creating its own programming?"
] | {
"text": [
"1932"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-31683 | 570d77d0fed7b91900d46177 | Anti-aircraft_warfare | Rocket-propelled grenades can be—and often are—used against hovering helicopters (e.g., by Somali militiamen during the Battle of Mogadishu (1993)). Firing an RPG at steep angles poses a danger to the user, because the backblast from firing reflects off the ground. In Somalia, militia members sometimes welded a steel p... | What type of weapon can be used against hovering helicopters? | What type of weapon can be used against hovering helicopters? | [
"What type of weapon can be used against hovering helicopters?"
] | {
"text": [
"Rocket-propelled grenades"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-71625 | 56f8e9289b226e1400dd11b4 | Near_East | Until about 1855 the words near east and far east did not refer to any particular region. The far East, a phrase containing a noun, East, qualified by an adjective, far, could be at any location in the "far east" of the speaker's home territory. The Ottoman Empire, for example, was the far East as much as the East Indi... | What empire began promulgating a new vocabulary? | What empire began promulgating a new vocabulary? | [
"What empire began promulgating a new vocabulary?"
] | {
"text": [
"the British Empire"
],
"answer_start": [
891
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-38549 | 5acd19fc07355d001abf34ec | Materialism | According to the Catholic Encyclopedia of 1907-1912, materialism, defined as "a philosophical system which regards matter as the only reality in the world [...] denies the existence of God and the soul". Materialism, in this view, therefore becomes incompatible with most world religions, including Christianity, Judaism... | What religion does not believe in an illusion called Maya? | What religion does not believe in an illusion called Maya? | [
"What religion does not believe in an illusion called Maya? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-92225 | 5a4fee97af0d07001ae8cca4 | Asthma | Other supportive evidence includes: a ≥20% difference in peak expiratory flow rate on at least three days in a week for at least two weeks, a ≥20% improvement of peak flow following treatment with either salbutamol, inhaled corticosteroids or prednisone, or a ≥20% decrease in peak flow following exposure to a trigger. ... | What is not as stable as prednisone for a routine diagnosis? | What is not as stable as prednisone for a routine diagnosis? | [
"What is not as stable as prednisone for a routine diagnosis?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108346 | 5acd269407355d001abf36e6 | Aspirated_consonant | In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated. | What are sometimes allophonic? | What are sometimes allophonic? | [
"What are sometimes allophonic?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5735 | 5ad28af9d7d075001a4299d6 | House_music | But house was also being developed on Ibiza,[citation needed] although no house artists or labels were coming from this tiny island at the time. By the mid-1980s a distinct Balearic mix of house was discernible.[citation needed] Several clubs such as Amnesia with DJ Alfredo were playing a mix of rock, pop, disco and ho... | Who was the DJ at Southwark in the mid 80s? | Who was the DJ at Southwark in the mid 80s? | [
"Who was the DJ at Southwark in the mid 80s?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-92582 | 57314fe6497a881900248db8 | United_States_Air_Force | Cultural and career issues in the U.S. Air Force have been cited as one of the reasons for the shortfall in needed UAV operators. In spite of an urgent need for UAVs or drones to provide round the clock coverage for American troops during the Iraq War, the USAF did not establish a new career field for piloting them unt... | During what war the the USAF establish a new career field for piloting UAVs and drones? | During what war the the USAF establish a new career field for piloting UAVs and drones? | [
"During what war the the USAF establish a new career field for piloting UAVs and drones?"
] | {
"text": [
"Iraq War"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-18988 | 572fd9cd04bcaa1900d76dc8 | Premier_League | The Premier League has the highest revenue of any football league in the world, with total club revenues of €2.48 billion in 2009–10. In 2013–14, due to improved television revenues and cost controls, the Premier League had net profits in excess of £78 million, exceeding all other football leagues. In 2010 the Premier ... | Why did it receive this award? | Why did it receive this award? | [
"Why did it receive this award?"
] | {
"text": [
"for its outstanding contribution to international trade and the value it brings to English football and the United Kingdom's broadcasting industry."
],
"answer_start": [
408
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-98332 | 56f8a99d9b226e1400dd0d91 | Alps | Above the forestry, there is often a band of short pine trees (Pinus mugo), which is in turn superseded by Alpenrosen, dwarf shrubs, typically Rhododendron ferrugineum (on acid soils) or Rhododendron hirsutum (on alkaline soils). Although the Alpenrose prefers acidic soil, the plants are found throughout the region. Ab... | What is the area above the treeline defined as? | What is the area above the treeline defined as? | [
"What is the area above the treeline defined as?"
] | {
"text": [
"alpine"
],
"answer_start": [
362
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65659 | 5728cb174b864d1900164e3b | Detroit | In the 1990s and the new millennium, the city has produced a number of influential hip hop artists, including Eminem, the hip-hop artist with the highest cumulative sales, hip-hop producer J Dilla, rapper and producer Esham and hip hop duo Insane Clown Posse. The city is also home to rappers Big Sean and Danny Brown. T... | Which band toured with Kid Rock? | Which band toured with Kid Rock? | [
"Which band toured with Kid Rock?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sponge"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-9772 | 5727eecd3acd2414000df029 | Gamal_Abdel_Nasser | Aburish asserts that Nasser was not distressed by his frequent relocations, which broadened his horizons and showed him Egyptian society's class divisions. His own social status was well below the wealthy Egyptian elite, and his discontent with those born into wealth and power grew throughout his lifetime. Nasser spent... | What did Nasser do in his spare time? | What did Nasser do in his spare time? | [
"What did Nasser do in his spare time?"
] | {
"text": [
"reading"
],
"answer_start": [
344
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17659 | 56cf469eaab44d1400b88efe | Spectre_(2015_film) | In March 2013 Mendes said he would not return to direct the next film in the series, then known as Bond 24; he later recanted and announced that he would return, as he found the script and the plans for the long-term future of the franchise appealing. In directing Skyfall and Spectre, Mendes became the first director t... | Which Bond film is Daniel Craig listed as a co-producer? | Which Bond film is Daniel Craig listed as a co-producer? | [
"Which Bond film is Daniel Craig listed as a co-producer?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spectre"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-101285 | 5726d9dcdd62a815002e9297 | Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact | Finally, on 26 June, four days after France sued for an armistice with the Third Reich, the Soviet Union issued an ultimatum demanding Bessarabia and, unexpectedly, Northern Bukovina from Romania. Two days later, the Romanians caved to the Soviet demands and the Soviets occupied the territory. The Hertza region was ini... | What month did France sue for peace? | What month did France sue for peace? | [
"What month did France sue for peace?"
] | {
"text": [
"June"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-101280 | 5ad28416d7d075001a429863 | Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact | In mid-June 1940, when international attention was focused on the German invasion of France, Soviet NKVD troops raided border posts in Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia. State administrations were liquidated and replaced by Soviet cadres, in which 34,250 Latvians, 75,000 Lithuanians and almost 60,000 Estonians were deporte... | What region of Lithuania wasn't to be turned over to the Nazis? | What region of Lithuania wasn't to be turned over to the Nazis? | [
"What region of Lithuania wasn't to be turned over to the Nazis?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33740 | 5a67b268f038b7001ab0c430 | Film_speed | For digital photo cameras ("digital still cameras"), an exposure index (EI) rating—commonly called ISO setting—is specified by the manufacturer such that the sRGB image files produced by the camera will have a lightness similar to what would be obtained with film of the same EI rating at the same exposure. The usual de... | What is an sRGB image file commonly called? | What is an sRGB image file commonly called? | [
"What is an sRGB image file commonly called?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1476 | 57315c6c497a881900248e80 | Mosaic | Another great undertaking by Constantine Monomachos was the restoration of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem between 1042 and 1048. Nothing survived of the mosaics which covered the walls and the dome of the edifice but the Russian abbot Daniel, who visited Jerusalem in 1106–1107 left a description: "Lively... | What survives of the mosaics that adorned the walls and dome of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre? | What survives of the mosaics that adorned the walls and dome of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre? | [
"What survives of the mosaics that adorned the walls and dome of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nothing"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-25652 | 57310cc9497a881900248b3d | Namibia | Other mentionable newspapers are the tabloid Informanté owned by TrustCo, the weekly Windhoek Observer, the weekly Namibia Economist, as well as the regional Namib Times. Current affairs magazines include Insight Namibia, Vision2030 Focus magazine[citation needed] and Prime FOCUS. Sister Namibia Magazine stands out as ... | What is a popular tabloid magazine in Namibia? | What is a popular tabloid magazine in Namibia? | [
"What is a popular tabloid magazine in Namibia?"
] | {
"text": [
"Windhoek Observer"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-83230 | 5727a90d3acd2414000de910 | Dominican_Order | As an adolescent, he had a particular love of theology and the Scriptures became the foundation of his spirituality. During his studies in Palencia, Spain, he experienced a dreadful famine, prompting Dominic to sell all of his beloved books and other equipment to help his neighbors. After he completed his studies, Bish... | At around what age was Dominic ordained as a Priest? | At around what age was Dominic ordained as a Priest? | [
"At around what age was Dominic ordained as a Priest?"
] | {
"text": [
"twenty-five"
],
"answer_start": [
552
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-94073 | 5a5d19175e8782001a9d5e79 | Cork_(city) | The city's charter was granted by Prince John, as Lord of Ireland, in 1185. The city was once fully walled, and some wall sections and gates remain today. For much of the Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile Gaelic countryside and cut off from the English ... | Who granted Cork's charter in the 11th century? | Who granted Cork's charter in the 11th century? | [
"Who granted Cork's charter in the 11th century?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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